metaschema 0.2.0 → 0.2.2

data/lib/metaschema/ruby_source_emitter.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,875 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Metaschema
+  # Emits Ruby source code from generated metaschema classes.
+  #
+  # After ModelGenerator#generate creates in-memory classes, this class
+  # introspects them and emits equivalent Ruby source code that can be
+  # saved to .rb files and loaded with `require`.
+  #
+  # Handles three kinds of type references:
+  # 1. Builtin types (:string, :integer, etc.) — emitted as symbol literals
+  # 2. Generated types (in @classes) — emitted as fully-qualified string refs
+  # 3. Framework types (named, from other gems) — emitted as bare class refs
+  # 4. Anonymous inline types — collected and emitted as separate named classes
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #   files = Metaschema::ModelGenerator.to_ruby_source(
+  #     "oscal_complete_metaschema.xml",
+  #     module_name: "Oscal::V1_2_1"
+  #   )
+  #   files.each { |name, source| File.write(name, source) }
+  #
+  class RubySourceEmitter
+    BUILTIN_TYPES = %i[string integer boolean float date time datetime
+                       symbol].freeze
+    RESERVED_CLASS_NAMES = %w[Base Hash Method Object Class Module].freeze
+
+    def initialize(classes, module_name, generator)
+      @classes = classes
+      @module_name = module_name
+      @generator = generator
+      @class_name_cache = {}
+      @anon_name_map = {} # anonymous class → assigned name
+    end
+
+    def emit
+      sorted = sort_classes
+      collect_anonymous_types(sorted)
+      files = {}
+
+      source = emit_module_header
+
+      # Emit anonymous types first (they're dependencies of named classes)
+      @anon_name_map.each_value do |anon_name|
+        anon_class = @anon_name_map.key(anon_name)
+        source += "\n#{emit_anonymous_class(anon_name, anon_class)}"
+      end
+
+      sorted.each do |key, klass|
+        next unless klass.is_a?(Class) && klass < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
+
+        source += "\n#{emit_class(key, klass)}"
+      end
+      source += emit_module_footer
+      files["all_models.rb"] = source
+
+      files
+    end
+
+    # Emit as separate files per root model type.
+    def emit_split
+      sorted = sort_classes
+      collect_anonymous_types(sorted)
+      root_classes = find_root_classes
+      emitted = Set.new
+      files = {}
+
+      root_classes.each do |root_key, root_klass|
+        deps = find_dependencies(root_key, root_klass)
+        all_keys = ([root_key] + deps).uniq
+
+        source = emit_module_header
+
+        # Emit anonymous types needed by this root's dependency tree
+        emit_anon_deps_for(all_keys, source)
+
+        all_keys.each do |key|
+          klass = @classes[key]
+          next unless klass.is_a?(Class) && klass < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
+          next if emitted.include?(key)
+
+          source += "\n#{emit_class(key, klass)}"
+          emitted.add(key)
+        end
+        source += emit_module_footer
+
+        filename = clean_class_name(root_key).gsub(/([a-z])([A-Z])/,
+                                                   '\1_\2').downcase + ".rb"
+        files[filename] = source
+      end
+
+      # Emit any remaining classes not covered by roots
+      remaining = sorted.except(*emitted)
+      unless remaining.empty?
+        source = emit_module_header
+        remaining.each do |key, klass|
+          next unless klass.is_a?(Class) && klass < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
+
+          source += "\n#{emit_class(key, klass)}"
+        end
+        source += emit_module_footer
+        files["common.rb"] = source
+      end
+
+      files
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def collect_anonymous_types(sorted)
+      used_names = Set.new(sorted.map { |key, _| clean_class_name(key) })
+
+      sorted.each do |key, klass|
+        next unless klass.is_a?(Class) && klass < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
+
+        klass.attributes.each do |attr_name, attr|
+          type = attr.type
+          next unless type.is_a?(Class) && type < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
+          next if @anon_name_map.key?(type)
+          next if @classes.any? { |_, v| v == type }
+          next if type.name && !type.name.empty? # Named framework type
+
+          # Anonymous inline type — assign a name
+          parent_name = clean_class_name(key)
+          base = "#{parent_name}#{camelize(attr_name.to_s)}"
+          name = base
+          suffix = 2
+          while used_names.include?(name)
+            name = "#{base}#{suffix}"
+            suffix += 1
+          end
+          used_names.add(name)
+          @anon_name_map[type] = name
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def emit_anon_deps_for(keys, source)
+      # Find anonymous types referenced by these classes
+      keys.each do |key|
+        klass = @classes[key]
+        next unless klass
+
+        klass.attributes.each_value do |attr|
+          type = attr.type
+          next unless type.is_a?(Class) && type < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
+
+          anon_name = @anon_name_map[type]
+          next unless anon_name
+
+          source += "\n#{emit_anonymous_class(anon_name, type)}"
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def sort_classes
+      flags = []
+      fields = []
+      assemblies = []
+
+      @classes.each do |key, klass|
+        case key
+        when /\AFlag_/ then flags << [key, klass]
+        when /\AField_/ then fields << [key, klass]
+        when /\AAssembly_/ then assemblies << [key, klass]
+        end
+      end
+
+      flags + fields + assemblies
+    end
+
+    def find_root_classes
+      @classes.select do |key, klass|
+        next unless key.start_with?("Assembly_")
+
+        klass.instance_variable_defined?(:@json_root_name) &&
+          klass.instance_variable_get(:@json_root_name)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def find_dependencies(_root_key, root_klass)
+      deps = Set.new
+      queue = [root_klass]
+
+      while (klass = queue.shift)
+        klass.attributes.each_value do |attr|
+          type = attr.type
+          next unless type.is_a?(Class) && type < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
+          next if type == klass
+
+          type_key = @classes.find { |_k, v| v == type }&.first
+          next unless type_key
+          next if deps.include?(type_key)
+
+          deps.add(type_key)
+          queue << type
+        end
+      end
+
+      deps.to_a
+    end
+
+    def clean_class_name(key)
+      parts = key.sub(/\A(Assembly|Field|Flag)_/, "").split("_")
+      name = parts.map(&:capitalize).join
+      name = "#{name}Field" if RESERVED_CLASS_NAMES.include?(name)
+      name
+    end
+
+    def camelize(str)
+      str.split("_").map(&:capitalize).join
+    end
+
+    def type_reference(attr)
+      type = attr.type
+      if type.is_a?(Symbol) || BUILTIN_TYPES.include?(type)
+        ":#{type}"
+      elsif type.is_a?(Class) && type < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
+        key = @classes.find { |_, v| v == type }&.first
+        if key
+          # Generated type — use symbol for register-swappability
+          ":#{snake_case(clean_class_name(key))}"
+        elsif @anon_name_map.key?(type)
+          # Anonymous inline type — use symbol with assigned name
+          ":#{snake_case(@anon_name_map[type])}"
+        elsif type.name && !type.name.empty?
+          # Framework type from another gem — use bare class reference
+          type.name.to_s
+        else
+          ":string"
+        end
+      else
+        ":string"
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns fully-qualified class name for use in method bodies (no quotes).
+    def type_constant(attr)
+      type = attr.type
+      if type.is_a?(Class) && type < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
+        key = @classes.find { |_, v| v == type }&.first
+        if key
+          "#{@module_name}::#{clean_class_name(key)}"
+        elsif @anon_name_map.key?(type)
+          "#{@module_name}::#{@anon_name_map[type]}"
+        else
+          type_name = type.name
+          type_name && !type_name.empty? ? type_name : nil
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def snake_case(str)
+      str
+        .gsub(/([A-Z]+)([A-Z][a-z])/, '\1_\2')
+        .gsub(/([a-z\d])([A-Z])/, '\1_\2')
+        .downcase
+    end
+
+    def emit_module_header
+      register_id = derive_register_id
+      <<~RUBY
+        # frozen_string_literal: true
+
+        module #{@module_name}
+          class Base < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
+            def self.lutaml_default_register
+              :#{register_id}
+            end
+          end
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    def derive_register_id
+      if @module_name.include?("::")
+        parts = @module_name.split("::")
+        ns = parts[0].downcase
+        ver = parts[1..].join("_").downcase.gsub(/^v/, "")
+        "#{ns}_#{ver}"
+      else
+        @module_name.downcase
+      end
+    end
+
+    def emit_module_footer
+      "\nend\n"
+    end
+
+    def emit_class(key, klass)
+      name = clean_class_name(key)
+      emit_named_class(name, klass)
+    end
+
+    def emit_anonymous_class(name, klass)
+      emit_named_class(name, klass)
+    end
+
+    def emit_named_class(name, klass)
+      lines = []
+      lines << "  class #{name} < Base"
+
+      # Attributes
+      klass.attributes.each do |attr_name, attr|
+        type_ref = type_reference(attr)
+        opts = []
+        opts << "collection: true" if attr.collection
+        lines << if opts.any?
+                   "    attribute :#{attr_name}, #{type_ref}, #{opts.join(', ')}"
+                 else
+                   "    attribute :#{attr_name}, #{type_ref}"
+                 end
+      end
+
+      # XML mapping
+      xml_source = emit_xml_mapping(klass)
+      lines.concat(xml_source) if xml_source
+
+      # Key-value mapping
+      kv_source = emit_key_value_mapping(klass)
+      lines.concat(kv_source) if kv_source
+
+      # Custom methods for with: callbacks
+      custom_methods = emit_custom_methods(klass)
+      lines.concat(custom_methods) if custom_methods.any?
+
+      # Root wrapping methods
+      root_methods = emit_root_wrapping(klass)
+      lines.concat(root_methods) if root_methods.any?
+
+      # Constraint validation methods
+      constraint_methods = emit_constraint_methods(klass)
+      lines.concat(constraint_methods) if constraint_methods.any?
+
+      # Occurrence validation
+      occ_methods = emit_occurrence_validation(klass)
+      lines.concat(occ_methods) if occ_methods
+
+      lines << "  end"
+      lines.join("\n")
+    end
+
+    def emit_xml_mapping(klass)
+      xml_map = begin
+        klass.mappings_for(:xml)
+      rescue StandardError
+        nil
+      end
+      return nil unless xml_map
+
+      lines = []
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    xml do"
+
+      element_name = xml_map.instance_variable_get(:@element_name)
+      lines << "      element \"#{element_name}\"" if element_name
+
+      if xml_map.instance_variable_get(:@mixed_content)
+        lines << "      mixed_content"
+      end
+
+      if xml_map.instance_variable_get(:@ordered)
+        lines << "      ordered"
+      end
+
+      # Content mapping
+      content = xml_map.instance_variable_get(:@content_mapping)
+      if content
+        opts = ["to: :#{content.to}"]
+        opts << "delegate: :#{content.delegate}" if content.delegate
+        lines << "      map_content #{opts.join(', ')}"
+      end
+
+      # Attribute mappings
+      xml_map.instance_variable_get(:@attributes)&.each do |xml_name, rule|
+        opts = ["\"#{xml_name}\"", "to: :#{rule.to}"]
+        opts << "delegate: :#{rule.delegate}" if rule.delegate
+        lines << "      map_attribute #{opts.join(', ')}"
+      end
+
+      # Element mappings
+      xml_map.instance_variable_get(:@elements)&.each do |xml_name, rule|
+        opts = ["\"#{xml_name}\"", "to: :#{rule.to}"]
+        opts << "delegate: :#{rule.delegate}" if rule.delegate
+        lines << "      map_element #{opts.join(', ')}"
+      end
+
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines
+    end
+
+    def emit_key_value_mapping(klass)
+      kv_map = begin
+        klass.mappings_for(:json)
+      rescue StandardError
+        nil
+      end
+      return nil unless kv_map
+
+      mappings = kv_map.instance_variable_get(:@mappings)
+      return nil unless mappings && !mappings.empty?
+
+      lines = []
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    key_value do"
+
+      root_name = kv_map.instance_variable_get(:@root_name)
+      lines << "      root \"#{root_name}\"" if root_name && !root_name.empty?
+
+      mappings.each do |json_name, rule|
+        custom = rule.custom_methods
+        if custom && (custom[:from] || custom[:to])
+          opts = []
+          opts << "to: :#{rule.to}"
+          opts_parts = ["with: { "]
+          with_parts = []
+          with_parts << "to: :#{custom[:to]}" if custom[:to]
+          with_parts << "from: :#{custom[:from]}" if custom[:from]
+          opts_parts << with_parts.join(", ")
+          opts_parts << " }"
+          opts << opts_parts.join
+          lines << "      map \"#{json_name}\", #{opts.join(', ')}"
+        else
+          render_empty = rule.instance_variable_get(:@render_empty)
+          lines << if render_empty
+                     "      map \"#{json_name}\", to: :#{rule.to}, render_empty: true"
+                   else
+                     "      map \"#{json_name}\", to: :#{rule.to}"
+                   end
+        end
+      end
+
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines
+    end
+
+    def emit_custom_methods(klass)
+      methods = []
+      custom_method_names = (klass.instance_methods(false) - Lutaml::Model::Serializable.instance_methods)
+        .select { |m| m.to_s.start_with?("json_") }
+
+      return methods if custom_method_names.empty?
+
+      custom_method_names.each do |method_name|
+        ms = method_name.to_s
+        source = if ms.start_with?("json_assembly_soa_from_")
+                   emit_assembly_soa_from_method(klass, method_name)
+                 elsif ms.start_with?("json_assembly_soa_to_")
+                   emit_assembly_soa_to_method(klass, method_name)
+                 elsif ms.start_with?("json_soa_from_")
+                   emit_field_soa_from_method(klass, method_name)
+                 elsif ms.start_with?("json_soa_to_")
+                   emit_field_soa_to_method(klass, method_name)
+                 elsif ms.start_with?("json_from_bykey_asm_")
+                   emit_bykey_asm_from_method(klass, method_name)
+                 elsif ms.start_with?("json_to_bykey_asm_")
+                   emit_bykey_asm_to_method(klass, method_name)
+                 elsif ms.start_with?("json_from_bykey_")
+                   emit_bykey_from_method(klass, method_name)
+                 elsif ms.start_with?("json_to_bykey_")
+                   emit_bykey_to_method(klass, method_name)
+                 elsif ms.start_with?("json_from_vkf_")
+                   emit_vkf_from_method(klass, method_name)
+                 elsif ms.start_with?("json_to_vkf_")
+                   emit_vkf_to_method(klass, method_name)
+                 elsif ms.start_with?("json_from_")
+                   emit_scalar_from_method(klass, method_name)
+                 elsif ms.start_with?("json_to_")
+                   emit_scalar_to_method(klass, method_name)
+                 end
+        methods.concat(source) if source
+      end
+
+      methods
+    end
+
+    def emit_scalar_from_method(klass, method_name)
+      attr_name = find_attr_for_method(klass, method_name)
+      return nil unless attr_name
+
+      attr_sym = attr_name.to_sym
+      field_attr = klass.attributes[attr_sym]
+      return nil unless field_attr
+
+      has_flags = field_attr.type.is_a?(Class) && field_attr.type < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
+      tc = type_constant(field_attr)
+
+      lines = []
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def #{method_name}(instance, value)"
+
+      lines << "      if value.is_a?(Array)"
+      if has_flags && tc
+        lines << "        parsed = value.map { |v| #{tc}.of_json(v) }"
+        lines << "        instance.instance_variable_set(:@#{attr_name}, parsed)"
+        lines << "      elsif value.is_a?(Hash)"
+        lines << "        if value.empty?"
+        lines << "          inst = #{tc}.new(content: \"\")"
+        lines << "          instance.instance_variable_set(:@#{attr_name}, inst)"
+        lines << "        else"
+        lines << "          instance.instance_variable_set(:@#{attr_name}, #{tc}.of_json(value))"
+        lines << "        end"
+        lines << "      elsif value"
+        lines << "        instance.instance_variable_set(:@#{attr_name}, #{tc}.of_json(value))"
+      else
+        lines << "        instance.instance_variable_set(:@#{attr_name}, value.map { |v| #{tc || 'String'}.new(content: v) })"
+        lines << "      elsif value"
+        lines << "        instance.instance_variable_set(:@#{attr_name}, #{tc || 'String'}.new(content: value))"
+      end
+      lines << "      end"
+
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines
+    end
+
+    def emit_scalar_to_method(klass, method_name)
+      ms = method_name.to_s
+      ms.sub("json_to_", "")
+
+      json_name = find_json_name_for_to_method(klass, method_name)
+      attr_name = find_attr_for_method(klass, method_name)
+      return nil unless attr_name
+
+      field_attr = klass.attributes[attr_name.to_sym]
+      return nil unless field_attr
+
+      has_flags = field_attr.type.is_a?(Class) && field_attr.type < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
+      tc = type_constant(field_attr)
+
+      lines = []
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def #{method_name}(instance, doc)"
+
+      lines << "      current = instance.instance_variable_get(:@#{attr_name})"
+      lines << "      if current.is_a?(Array)"
+      lines << "        doc[\"#{json_name}\"] = current.map { |item| item.respond_to?(:content) ? item.content : item }"
+      lines << "      elsif current"
+      if has_flags && tc
+        lines << "        if current.is_a?(Lutaml::Model::Serializable)"
+        lines << "          doc[\"#{json_name}\"] = #{tc}.as_json(current)"
+        lines << "        else"
+        lines << "          val = current.respond_to?(:content) ? current.content : current"
+        lines << "          doc[\"#{json_name}\"] = val"
+        lines << "        end"
+      else
+        lines << "        doc[\"#{json_name}\"] = current.respond_to?(:content) ? current.content : current"
+      end
+      lines << "      end"
+
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines
+    end
+
+    def emit_field_soa_from_method(klass, method_name)
+      attr_name = find_attr_for_method(klass, method_name)
+      return nil unless attr_name
+
+      field_attr = klass.attributes[attr_name.to_sym]
+      return nil unless field_attr
+
+      tc = type_constant(field_attr)
+
+      lines = []
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def #{method_name}(instance, value)"
+      lines << "      items = case value"
+      lines << "              when Hash then [value]"
+      lines << "              when Array then value"
+      lines << "              when String then [value]"
+      lines << "              else return"
+      lines << "              end"
+
+      if tc
+        lines << "      parsed = items.map do |item|"
+        lines << "        case item"
+        lines << "        when Hash then #{tc}.of_json(item)"
+        lines << "        when String then #{tc}.of_json(item)"
+        lines << "        else item"
+        lines << "        end"
+        lines << "      end"
+      else
+        # Anonymous/inline type — pass through as-is
+        lines << "      parsed = items.map { |item| item.is_a?(Hash) ? item : item }"
+      end
+
+      lines << "      instance.instance_variable_set(:@#{attr_name}, parsed)"
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines
+    end
+
+    def emit_field_soa_to_method(klass, method_name)
+      attr_name = find_attr_for_method(klass, method_name)
+      return nil unless attr_name
+
+      field_attr = klass.attributes[attr_name.to_sym]
+      return nil unless field_attr
+
+      json_name = find_json_name_for_to_method(klass, method_name)
+      tc = type_constant(field_attr)
+
+      lines = []
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def #{method_name}(instance, doc)"
+      lines << "      current = instance.instance_variable_get(:@#{attr_name})"
+      lines << "      if current.is_a?(Array)"
+      lines << "        result = current.map do |item|"
+
+      if tc
+        lines << "          if item.is_a?(Lutaml::Model::Serializable)"
+        lines << "            #{tc}.as_json(item)"
+        lines << "          else"
+        lines << "            item"
+        lines << "          end"
+      else
+        lines << "          item.respond_to?(:to_h) ? item.to_h : item"
+      end
+
+      lines << "        end"
+      lines << "        doc[\"#{json_name}\"] = result.length == 1 ? result.first : result"
+      lines << "      end"
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines
+    end
+
+    def emit_assembly_soa_from_method(klass, method_name)
+      attr_name = find_attr_for_method(klass, method_name)
+      return nil unless attr_name
+
+      asm_attr = klass.attributes[attr_name.to_sym]
+      return nil unless asm_attr
+
+      tc = type_constant(asm_attr)
+
+      lines = []
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def #{method_name}(instance, value)"
+      lines << "      items = case value"
+      lines << "              when Hash then [value]"
+      lines << "              when Array then value"
+      lines << "              else return"
+      lines << "              end"
+
+      if tc
+        lines << "      parsed = items.map { |item| #{tc}.of_json(item.is_a?(Hash) ? item : {}) }"
+      else
+        lines << "      parsed = items"
+      end
+
+      lines << "      instance.instance_variable_set(:@#{attr_name}, parsed)"
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines
+    end
+
+    def emit_assembly_soa_to_method(klass, method_name)
+      attr_name = find_attr_for_method(klass, method_name)
+      return nil unless attr_name
+
+      asm_attr = klass.attributes[attr_name.to_sym]
+      return nil unless asm_attr
+
+      json_name = find_json_name_for_to_method(klass, method_name)
+      tc = type_constant(asm_attr)
+
+      lines = []
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def #{method_name}(instance, doc)"
+      lines << "      current = instance.instance_variable_get(:@#{attr_name})"
+      lines << "      if current.is_a?(Array)"
+      lines << "        result = current.map do |item|"
+
+      if tc
+        lines << "          if item.is_a?(Lutaml::Model::Serializable)"
+        lines << "            #{tc}.as_json(item)"
+        lines << "          else"
+        lines << "            item"
+        lines << "          end"
+      else
+        lines << "          item.respond_to?(:to_h) ? item.to_h : item"
+      end
+
+      lines << "        end"
+      lines << "        doc[\"#{json_name}\"] = result.length == 1 ? result.first : result"
+      lines << "      end"
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines
+    end
+
+    def emit_bykey_from_method(klass, method_name)
+      # Simplified BY_KEY template
+      attr_name = find_attr_for_method(klass, method_name)
+      return nil unless attr_name
+
+      lines = []
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def #{method_name}(instance, value)"
+      lines << "      return unless value.is_a?(Hash)"
+      lines << "      # BY_KEY deserialization handled by register"
+      lines << "      instance.instance_variable_set(:@#{attr_name}, value.map { |k, v| [k, v] })"
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines
+    end
+
+    def emit_bykey_to_method(klass, method_name)
+      attr_name = find_attr_for_method(klass, method_name)
+      return nil unless attr_name
+
+      json_name = find_json_name_for_to_method(klass, method_name)
+
+      lines = []
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def #{method_name}(instance, doc)"
+      lines << "      current = instance.instance_variable_get(:@#{attr_name})"
+      lines << "      doc[\"#{json_name}\"] = current if current"
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines
+    end
+
+    def emit_bykey_asm_from_method(klass, method_name)
+      emit_bykey_from_method(klass, method_name)
+    end
+
+    def emit_bykey_asm_to_method(klass, method_name)
+      emit_bykey_to_method(klass, method_name)
+    end
+
+    def emit_vkf_from_method(klass, method_name)
+      emit_bykey_from_method(klass, method_name)
+    end
+
+    def emit_vkf_to_method(klass, method_name)
+      emit_bykey_to_method(klass, method_name)
+    end
+
+    def emit_root_wrapping(klass)
+      root_name = klass.instance_variable_get(:@json_root_name)
+      return [] unless root_name
+
+      lines = []
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def self.of_json(doc, options = {})"
+      lines << "      if doc.is_a?(Hash) && doc.key?(\"#{root_name}\")"
+      lines << "        super(doc[\"#{root_name}\"], options)"
+      lines << "      else"
+      lines << "        super(doc, options)"
+      lines << "      end"
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def self.to_json(instance, options = {})"
+      lines << "      json_str = super(instance, options)"
+      lines << "      { \"#{root_name}\" => JSON.parse(json_str) }.to_json"
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def self.of_yaml(doc, options = {})"
+      lines << "      if doc.is_a?(Hash) && doc.key?(\"#{root_name}\")"
+      lines << "        super(doc[\"#{root_name}\"], options)"
+      lines << "      else"
+      lines << "        super(doc, options)"
+      lines << "      end"
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def self.to_yaml(instance, options = {})"
+      lines << "      yaml_str = super(instance, options)"
+      lines << "      data = YAML.safe_load(yaml_str, permitted_classes: [Date, Time, Symbol])"
+      lines << "      { \"#{root_name}\" => data }.to_yaml"
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def to_json(options = {})"
+      lines << "      self.class.to_json(self, options)"
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def to_yaml(options = {})"
+      lines << "      self.class.to_yaml(self, options)"
+      lines << "    end"
+
+      lines
+    end
+
+    def emit_constraint_methods(klass)
+      constraints = klass.instance_variable_get(:@metaschema_constraints)
+      return [] unless constraints
+
+      lines = []
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def self.metaschema_constraints"
+      lines << "      @metaschema_constraints"
+      lines << "    end"
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def validate_constraints"
+      lines << "      validator = Metaschema::ConstraintValidator.new"
+      lines << "      validator.validate(self, self.class.metaschema_constraints)"
+      lines << "    end"
+
+      lines
+    end
+
+    def emit_occurrence_validation(klass)
+      occ = klass.instance_variable_get(:@occurrence_constraints)
+      return nil unless occ && !occ.empty?
+
+      lines = []
+      lines << ""
+      lines << "    def validate_occurrences"
+      lines << "      Metaschema::ConstraintValidator.validate_occurrences(self, self.class.instance_variable_get(:@occurrence_constraints))"
+      lines << "    end"
+
+      lines
+    end
+
+    # Helper: find the JSON name for a to: callback method
+    def find_json_name_for_to_method(klass, method_name)
+      kv_map = begin
+        klass.mappings_for(:json)
+      rescue StandardError
+        nil
+      end
+      return nil unless kv_map
+
+      mappings = kv_map.instance_variable_get(:@mappings)
+      mappings&.each do |json_name, rule|
+        if rule.custom_methods[:to]&.to_s == method_name.to_s
+          return json_name
+        end
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    # Helper: find the JSON name for a from: callback method
+    def find_json_name_for_from_method(klass, method_name)
+      kv_map = begin
+        klass.mappings_for(:json)
+      rescue StandardError
+        nil
+      end
+      return nil unless kv_map
+
+      mappings = kv_map.instance_variable_get(:@mappings)
+      mappings&.each do |json_name, rule|
+        if rule.custom_methods[:from]&.to_s == method_name.to_s
+          return json_name
+        end
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    # Helper: find the attribute name for a callback method
+    def find_attr_for_method(klass, method_name)
+      kv_map = begin
+        klass.mappings_for(:json)
+      rescue StandardError
+        nil
+      end
+      return nil unless kv_map
+
+      ms = method_name.to_s
+      mappings = kv_map.instance_variable_get(:@mappings)
+      mappings&.each_value do |rule|
+        custom = rule.custom_methods
+        if custom[:to]&.to_s == ms || custom[:from]&.to_s == ms
+          return rule.to.to_s
+        end
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    def type_reference_short(attr)
+      type = attr.type
+      if type.is_a?(Symbol) || BUILTIN_TYPES.include?(type)
+        type
+      elsif type.is_a?(Class) && type < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
+        :class_ref
+      else
+        :string
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end