mathml 0.8.1 → 0.10.1

data/lib/math_ml/element.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+module MathML
+	class Element < XMLElement
+		attr_reader :display_style
+
+		def as_display_style
+			@display_style = true
+			self
+		end
+	end
+
+	module Variant
+		NORMAL = "normal"
+		BOLD = "bold"
+		BOLD_ITALIC = "bold-italic"
+		def variant=(v)
+			self["mathvariant"] = v
+		end
+	end
+
+	module Align
+		CENTER = "center"
+		LEFT = "left"
+		RIGHT = "right"
+	end
+
+	module Line
+		SOLID = "solid"
+		NONE = "none"
+	end
+
+	class Math < XMLElement
+		def initialize(display_style)
+			super("math", "xmlns"=>"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML")
+			self[:display] = display_style ? "block" : "inline"
+		end
+	end
+
+	class Row < Element
+		def initialize
+			super("mrow")
+		end
+	end
+
+	class None < Element
+		def initialize
+			super("none")
+		end
+	end
+
+	class Space < Element
+		def initialize(width)
+			super("mspace", "width"=>width)
+		end
+	end
+
+	class Fenced < Element
+		attr_reader :open, :close
+
+		def initialize
+			super("mfenced")
+		end
+
+		def open=(o)
+			o = "" if o.to_s=="." || !o
+			o = "{" if o.to_s=="\\{"
+			self[:open] = MathML.pcstring(o, true)
+		end
+
+		def close=(c)
+			c = "" if c.to_s=="." || !c
+			c = "}" if c.to_s=="\\}"
+			self[:close] = MathML.pcstring(c, true)
+		end
+	end
+
+	class Frac < Element
+		def initialize(numerator, denominator)
+			super("mfrac")
+			self << numerator
+			self << denominator
+		end
+	end
+
+	class SubSup < Element
+		attr_reader :sub, :sup, :body
+
+		def initialize(display_style, body)
+			super("mrow")
+			as_display_style if display_style
+			@body = body
+		end
+
+		def update_name
+			if @sub || @sup
+				name = "m"
+				name << (@sub ? (@display_style ? "under" : "sub") : "")
+				name << (@sup ? (@display_style ? "over" : "sup") : "")
+			else
+				name = "mrow"
+			end
+			self.name = name
+		end
+		private :update_name
+
+		def update_contents
+			contents.clear
+			contents << @body
+			contents << @sub if @sub
+			contents << @sup if @sup
+		end
+		private :update_contents
+
+		def update
+			update_name
+			update_contents
+		end
+		private :update
+
+		def sub=(sub)
+			@sub = sub
+			update
+		end
+
+		def sup=(sup)
+			@sup = sup
+			update
+		end
+	end
+
+	class Over < Element
+		def initialize(base, over)
+			super("mover")
+			self << base << over
+		end
+	end
+
+	class Under < Element
+		def initialize(base, under)
+			super("munder")
+			self << base << under
+		end
+	end
+
+	class Number < Element
+		def initialize
+			super("mn")
+		end
+	end
+
+	class Identifier < Element
+		def initialize
+			super("mi")
+		end
+	end
+
+	class Operator < Element
+		def initialize
+			super("mo")
+		end
+	end
+
+	class Text < Element
+		def initialize
+			super("mtext")
+		end
+	end
+
+	class Sqrt < Element
+		def initialize
+			super("msqrt")
+		end
+	end
+
+	class Root < Element
+		def initialize(index, base)
+			super("mroot")
+			self << base
+			self << index
+		end
+	end
+
+	class Table < Element
+		def initialize
+			super("mtable")
+		end
+
+		def set_align_attribute(name, a, default)
+			if a.is_a?(Array) && a.size>0
+				value = ""
+				a.each do |i|
+					value << " "+i
+				end
+				if value =~ /^( #{default})*$/
+					@attributes.delete(name)
+				else
+					@attributes[name] = value.strip
+				end
+			else
+				@attributes.delete(name)
+			end
+		end
+
+		def aligns=(a)
+			set_align_attribute("columnalign", a, Align::CENTER)
+		end
+
+		def vlines=(a)
+			set_align_attribute("columnlines", a, Line::NONE)
+		end
+
+		def hlines=(a)
+			set_align_attribute("rowlines", a, Line::NONE)
+		end
+	end
+
+	class Tr < Element
+		def initialize
+			super("mtr")
+		end
+	end
+
+	class Td < Element
+		def initialize
+			super("mtd")
+		end
+	end
+end

data/lib/math_ml/latex.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,1105 @@
+require "math_ml/latex/builtin"
+
+module MathML
+	module LaTeX
+		MBEC = /\\.|[^\\]/m
+
+		module RE
+			SPACE = /(?:\s|%.*$)/
+			NUMERICS = /(?:\.\d+)|(?:\d+(\.\d+)?)/
+			OPERATORS = /[,\.\+\-\*=\/\(\)\[\]<>"|;:!]/
+			ALPHABETS = /[a-zA-Z]/
+			BLOCK = /\A\{(.*?)\}\z/m
+			OPTION = /\A\[(.*)\]\z/m
+			COMMANDS = /\\([a-zA-Z]+|[^a-zA-Z])/
+			WBSLASH = /\\\\/
+			BRACES = /\A([.|\[\]\(\)<>])\z/
+		end
+
+		module Font
+			NORMAL = 0
+			BOLD = 1
+			BLACKBOLD = 2
+			SCRIPT = 3
+			FRAKTUR = 4
+			ROMAN = 5
+			BOLD_ITALIC = 6
+		end
+
+		class BlockNotClosed < StandardError; end
+		class NotEnvironment < StandardError; end
+		class EnvironmentNotEnd < StandardError; end
+		class NeedParameter < StandardError; end
+		class EndMismatchToBegin < StandardError; end
+		class OptionNotClosed < StandardError; end
+
+		class Scanner < StringScanner
+			def done
+				self.string[0, pos]
+			end
+
+			def scan_space
+				_scan(/#{RE::SPACE}+/)
+			end
+
+			def skip_space_and(check_mode)
+				opos = pos
+				scan_space
+				r = yield
+				self.pos = opos if check_mode || !r
+				r
+			end
+
+			unless instance_methods.include?("_eos?")
+				alias :_eos? :eos?
+				alias :_check :check
+				alias :_scan :scan
+			end
+
+			def check(re)
+				skip_space_and(true){_check(re)}
+			end
+
+			def scan(re)
+				skip_space_and(false){_scan(re)}
+			end
+
+			def eos?
+				_eos? || _check(/#{RE::SPACE}+\z/)
+			end
+
+			def check_command
+				check(RE::COMMANDS)
+			end
+
+			def scan_command
+				scan(RE::COMMANDS)
+			end
+
+			def peek_command
+				check_command ? self[1] : nil
+			end
+
+			def check_block
+				skip_space_and(true){scan_block}
+			end
+
+			def scan_block
+				return nil unless scan(/\{/)
+				block = "{"
+				bpos = pos-1
+				nest = 1
+				while _scan(/(#{MBEC}*?)([\{\}])/)
+					block << matched
+					case self[2]
+					when "{"
+						nest+=1
+					when "}"
+						nest-=1
+						break if nest==0
+					end
+				end
+				if nest>0
+					self.pos = bpos
+					raise BlockNotClosed
+				end
+				self.pos = bpos
+				_scan(/\A\{(#{Regexp.escape(block[RE::BLOCK, 1].to_s)})\}/)
+			end
+
+			def check_any(remain_space=false)
+				skip_space_and(true){scan_any(remain_space)}
+			end
+
+			def scan_any(remain_space=false)
+				p = pos
+				scan_space
+				r = remain_space ? matched.to_s : ""
+				case
+				when s = scan_block
+				when s = scan_command
+				else
+					unless _scan(/./) || remain_space
+						self.pos = p
+						return nil
+					end
+					s = matched.to_s
+				end
+				r << s
+			end
+
+			def scan_option
+				return nil unless scan(/\[/)
+				opt = "["
+				p = pos-1
+				until (s=scan_any(true)) =~ /\A#{RE::SPACE}*\]\z/
+					opt << s
+					if eos?
+						self.pos = p
+						raise OptionNotClosed
+					end
+				end
+				opt << s
+				self.pos = p
+				_scan(/\A\[(#{Regexp.escape(opt[RE::OPTION, 1].to_s)})\]/)
+			end
+
+			def check_option
+				skip_space_and(true){scan_option}
+			end
+		end
+
+		class ParseError < StandardError
+			attr_accessor :rest, :done
+			def initialize(message, rest = "", done = "")
+				@done = done
+				@rest = rest
+				super(message)
+			end
+
+			def inspect
+				"#{message} : '#{@done}' / '#{@rest}'\n"+backtrace[0..5].join("\n")
+			end
+		end
+
+		class Macro
+			class Command
+				attr_reader :num, :body, :option
+				def initialize(n, b, o)
+					@num = n
+					@body = b
+					@option = o
+				end
+			end
+
+			class Environment
+				attr_reader :num, :beginning, :ending, :option
+				def initialize(n, b, e, o)
+					@num = n
+					@beginning = b
+					@ending = e
+					@option = o
+				end
+			end
+
+			def initialize
+				@commands = Hash.new
+				@environments = Hash.new
+			end
+
+			def parse_error(message, rest="", whole=nil)
+				rest = whole[/\A.*?(#{Regexp.escape(rest)}.*\z)/, 1] if whole
+				rest << @scanner.rest
+				done = @scanner.string[0, @scanner.string.size-rest.size]
+				ParseError.new(message, rest, done)
+			end
+
+			def parse(src)
+				@scanner = Scanner.new(src)
+				until @scanner.eos?
+					unless @scanner.scan_command
+						@scanner.scan_space
+						raise parse_error("Syntax error.")
+					end
+					case @scanner[1]
+					when "newcommand"
+						parse_newcommand
+					when "newenvironment"
+						parse_newenvironment
+					else
+						raise parse_error("Syntax error.", @scanner.matched)
+					end
+				end
+			rescue BlockNotClosed => e
+				raise parse_error("Block not closed.")
+			rescue OptionNotClosed => e
+				raise parse_error("Option not closed.")
+			end
+
+			def scan_num_of_parameter
+				if @scanner.scan_option
+					raise parse_error("Need positive number.", @scanner[1]+"]") unless @scanner[1]=~/\A#{RE::SPACE}*\d+#{RE::SPACE}*\z/
+					@scanner[1].to_i
+				else
+					0
+				end
+			end
+
+			def check_parameter_numbers(src, opt, whole)
+				s = Scanner.new(src)
+				until s.eos?
+					case
+					when s.scan(/#{MBEC}*?\#(\d+|.)/)
+						raise parse_error("Need positive number.") unless s[1]=~/\d+/
+						raise parse_error("Parameter \# too large.", s[1]+s.rest, whole) if s[1].to_i>opt
+					else
+						return nil
+					end
+				end
+			end
+
+			def parse_newcommand
+				case
+				when @scanner.scan_block
+					s = Scanner.new(@scanner[1])
+					raise parse_error("Need newcommand.", s.rest+"}") unless s.scan_command
+					com = s[1]
+					raise parse_error("Syntax error." ,s.rest+"}") unless s.eos?
+				when @scanner.scan_command
+					s = Scanner.new(@scanner[1])
+					com = s.scan_command
+				else
+					raise parse_error("Need newcommand.")
+				end
+
+				optnum = scan_num_of_parameter
+				opt = @scanner.scan_option ? @scanner[1] : nil
+
+				case
+				when @scanner.scan_block
+					body = @scanner[1]
+				when @scanner.scan_command
+					body = @scanner.matched
+				else
+					body = @scanner.scan(/./)
+				end
+
+				raise parse_error("Need parameter.") unless body
+
+				check_parameter_numbers(body, optnum, @scanner.matched)
+
+				optnum-=1 if opt
+				@commands[com] = Command.new(optnum, body, opt)
+			end
+
+			def parse_newenvironment
+				case
+				when @scanner.scan_block
+					env = @scanner[1]
+				when @scanner.scan_command
+					raise ParseError.new
+				when @scanner.scan(/./)
+					env = @scanner.matched
+				end
+				raise parse_error("Syntax error.", env[/\A.*?(\\.*\z)/, 1], @scanner.matched) if env=~/\\/
+
+				optnum = scan_num_of_parameter
+				opt = @scanner.scan_option ? @scanner[1] : nil
+
+				b = @scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any
+				raise parse_error("Need begin block.") unless b
+				check_parameter_numbers(b, optnum, @scanner.matched)
+				e = @scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any
+				raise parse_error("Need end block.") unless e
+				check_parameter_numbers(e, optnum, @scanner.matched)
+
+				optnum -= 1 if opt
+				@environments[env] = Environment.new(optnum, b, e, opt)
+			end
+
+			def commands(com)
+				@commands[com]
+			end
+
+			def expand_command(com, params, opt=nil)
+				return nil unless @commands.has_key?(com)
+				c = @commands[com]
+				opt = c.option if c.option && !opt
+				params.unshift(opt) if c.option
+				raise ParseError.new("Need more parameter.") if params.size < c.num
+
+				c.body.gsub(/(#{MBEC}*?)\#(\d+)/) do
+					$1.to_s << params[$2.to_i-1]
+				end
+			end
+
+			def environments(env)
+				@environments[env]
+			end
+
+			def expand_environment(env, body, params, opt=nil)
+				return nil unless @environments.has_key?(env)
+				e = @environments[env]
+				opt = e.option if e.option && !opt
+				params.unshift(opt) if e.option
+				raise ParseError.new("Need more parameter.") if params.size < e.num
+
+				bg = e.beginning.gsub(/(#{MBEC}*?)\#(\d+)/) do
+					$1.to_s << params[$2.to_i-1]
+				end
+
+				en = e.ending.gsub(/(#{MBEC}*?)\#(\d+)/) do
+					$1.to_s << params[$2.to_i-1]
+				end
+
+				" #{bg} #{body} #{en} "
+			end
+		end
+
+		module BuiltinCommands; end
+		module BuiltinGroups; end
+		module BuiltinEnvironments; end
+
+		class Parser
+			class CircularReferenceCommand < StandardError; end
+
+			include LaTeX
+
+			include BuiltinEnvironments
+			include BuiltinGroups
+			include BuiltinCommands
+
+			BUILTIN_MACRO = <<'EOS'
+\newenvironment{smallmatrix}{\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}}
+\newenvironment{pmatrix}{\left(\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}\right)}
+\newenvironment{bmatrix}{\left[\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}\right]}
+\newenvironment{Bmatrix}{\left\{\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}\right\}}
+\newenvironment{vmatrix}{\left|\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}\right|}
+\newenvironment{Vmatrix}{\left\|\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}\right\|}
+EOS
+
+			attr_accessor :unsecure_entity
+			attr_reader :macro
+			attr_reader :symbol_table
+
+			def initialize(opt={})
+				@unsecure_entity = false
+				@entities = Hash.new
+				@commands = Hash.new
+				@symbols = Hash.new
+				@delimiters = Array.new
+				@group_begins = Hash.new
+				@group_ends = Hash.new
+				@macro = Macro.new
+				@macro.parse(BUILTIN_MACRO)
+				@expanded_command = Array.new
+				@expanded_environment = Array.new
+				@symbol_table = opt[:symbol] || MathML::Symbol::Default
+				@symbol_table = MathML::Symbol::MAP[@symbol_table] if @symbol_table.is_a?(::Symbol)
+
+				super()
+			end
+
+			def add_entity(list)
+				list.each do |i|
+					@entities[i] = true
+				end
+			end
+
+			def parse(src, displaystyle=false)
+				@ds = displaystyle
+				begin
+					parse_into(src, Math.new(@ds), Font::NORMAL)
+				rescue ParseError => e
+					e.done = src[0...(src.size - e.rest.size)]
+					raise
+				end
+			end
+
+			def push_container(container, scanner=@scanner, font=@font)
+				data = [@container, @scanner, @font]
+				@container, @scanner, @font = [container, scanner, font]
+				begin
+					yield container
+					container
+				ensure
+					@container, @scanner, @font = data
+				end
+			end
+
+			def add_plugin(plugin)
+				self.extend(plugin)
+			end
+
+			def add_commands(*a)
+				if a.size==1 && Hash===a[0]
+					@commands.merge!(a[0])
+				else
+					a.each{|i| @commands[i] = false}
+				end
+			end
+
+			def add_multi_command(m, *a)
+				a.each{|i| @commands[i] = m}
+			end
+
+			def add_sym_cmd(hash)
+				@symbols.merge!(hash)
+			end
+
+			def add_delimiter(list)
+				@delimiters.concat(list)
+			end
+
+			def add_group(begin_name, end_name, method=nil)
+				@group_begins[begin_name] = method
+				@group_ends[end_name] = begin_name
+			end
+
+			private
+			def parse_into(src, parent, font=nil)
+				orig = [@scanner, @container, @font, @ds]
+				@scanner = Scanner.new(src)
+				@container = parent
+				@font = font if font
+				begin
+					until @scanner.eos?
+						@container << parse_to_element(true)
+					end
+					@container
+				rescue BlockNotClosed => e
+					raise  ParseError.new("Block not closed.", @scanner.rest)
+				rescue NotEnvironment => e
+					raise ParseError.new("Not environment.", @scanner.rest)
+				rescue EnvironmentNotEnd => e
+					raise ParseError.new("Environment not end.", @scanner.rest)
+				rescue OptionNotClosed => e
+					raise ParseError.new("Option not closed.", @scanner.rest)
+				rescue ParseError => e
+					e.rest << @scanner.rest.to_s
+					raise
+				ensure
+					@scanner, @container, @font, @ds = orig
+				end
+			end
+
+			def parse_any(message = "Syntax error.")
+				raise ParseError.new(message) unless @scanner.scan_any
+				s = @scanner
+				@scanner = Scanner.new(@scanner.matched)
+				begin
+					parse_to_element
+				ensure
+					@scanner = s
+				end
+			end
+
+			def parse_to_element(whole_group = false)
+				if whole_group && @group_begins.has_key?(@scanner.peek_command)
+					@scanner.scan_command
+					parse_group
+				else
+					case
+					when @scanner.scan(RE::NUMERICS)
+						parse_num
+					when @scanner.scan(RE::ALPHABETS)
+						parse_char
+					when @scanner.scan(RE::OPERATORS)
+						parse_operator
+					when @scanner.scan_block
+						parse_block
+					when @scanner.scan(/_/)
+						parse_sub
+					when @scanner.scan(/'+|\^/)
+						parse_sup
+					when @scanner.scan(/~/)
+						Space.new("1em")
+					when @scanner.scan_command
+						parse_command
+					else
+						raise ParseError.new('Syntax error.')
+					end
+				end
+			end
+
+			def parse_num
+				n = Number.new
+				n.extend(Variant).variant = Variant::BOLD if @font==Font::BOLD
+				n << @scanner.matched
+			end
+
+			def parse_char
+				c = @scanner.matched
+				i = Identifier.new
+				case @font
+				when Font::ROMAN
+					i.extend(Variant).variant = Variant::NORMAL
+				when Font::BOLD
+					i.extend(Variant).variant = Variant::BOLD
+				when Font::BOLD_ITALIC
+					i.extend(Variant).variant = Variant::BOLD_ITALIC
+				when Font::BLACKBOLD
+					c = symbol_table.convert("#{c}opf")
+				when Font::SCRIPT
+					c = symbol_table.convert("#{c}scr")
+				when Font::FRAKTUR
+					c = symbol_table.convert("#{c}fr")
+				end
+				i << c
+			end
+
+			def parse_operator
+				o = @scanner.matched
+				Operator.new << o
+			end
+
+			def parse_block
+				os = @scanner
+				@scanner =  Scanner.new(@scanner[1])
+				begin
+					push_container(Row.new) do |r|
+						r << parse_to_element(true) until @scanner.eos?
+					end
+				rescue ParseError => e
+					e.rest << '}'
+					raise
+				ensure
+					@scanner = os
+				end
+			end
+
+			def parse_sub
+				e = @container.pop
+				e = None.new unless e
+				e = SubSup.new(@ds && e.display_style, e) unless e.is_a?(SubSup)
+				raise ParseError.new("Double subscript.", "_") if e.sub
+				e.sub = parse_any("Subscript not exist.")
+				e
+			end
+
+			def parse_sup
+				e = @container.pop
+				e = None.new unless e
+				e = SubSup.new(@ds && e.display_style, e) unless e.is_a?(SubSup)
+				raise ParseError.new("Double superscript.", @scanner[0]) if e.sup
+				if /'+/=~@scanner[0]
+					prime = Operator.new
+					@scanner[0].size.times do
+						prime << symbol_table.convert("prime")
+					end
+					unless @scanner.scan(/\^/)
+						e.sup = prime
+						return e
+					end
+				end
+				sup = parse_any("Superscript not exist.")
+
+				if prime
+					unless sup.is_a?(Row)
+						r = Row.new
+						r << sup
+						sup = r
+					end
+					sup.contents.insert(0, prime)
+				end
+
+				e.sup = sup
+				e
+			end
+
+			def entitize(str)
+				MathML.pcstring(str.sub(/^(.*)$/){"&#{$1};"}, true)
+			end
+
+			def parse_symbol_command(com, plain=false)
+				unless @symbols.include?(com)
+					@scanner.pos = @scanner.pos-(com.size+1)
+					raise ParseError.new("Undefined command.")
+				end
+				data = @symbols[com]
+				return nil unless data
+
+				data, s = data
+				su = data[0]
+				el = data[1]
+				el = :o unless el
+				s = com.dup.untaint.to_sym unless s
+				s = com if s.is_a?(String) && s.length==0
+
+				case el
+				when :I
+					el = Identifier.new
+				when :i
+					el = Identifier.new
+					el.extend(Variant).variant = Variant::NORMAL unless s.is_a?(String)&&s.length>1
+				when :o
+					el = Operator.new
+				when :n
+					el = Number.new
+				else
+					raise ParseError.new("Inner data broken.")
+				end
+
+				case s
+				when Fixnum
+					s = MathML.pcstring("&\#x#{s.to_s(16)};", true)
+				when ::Symbol
+					s = symbol_table.convert(s)
+				else
+					MathML.pcstring(s, true)
+				end
+
+				return s if plain
+				el << s
+				el.as_display_style if su==:u
+				el
+			end
+
+			def parse_command
+				com = @scanner[1]
+				matched = @scanner.matched
+				pos = @scanner.pos-matched.size
+				macro = @macro.commands(com)
+				if macro
+					begin
+						flg = @expanded_command.include?(com)
+						@expanded_command.push(com)
+						raise CircularReferenceCommand if flg
+						option = (macro.option && @scanner.scan_option) ? @scanner[1] : nil
+						params = Array.new
+						(1..macro.num).each do
+							params << (@scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any)
+							raise ParseError.new("Need more parameter.") unless params.last
+						end
+						r = parse_into(@macro.expand_command(com, params, option), Array.new)
+						return r
+					rescue CircularReferenceCommand
+						if @expanded_command.size>1
+							raise
+						else
+							@scanner.pos = pos
+							raise ParseError.new("Circular reference.")
+						end
+					rescue ParseError => e
+						if @expanded_command.size>1
+							raise
+						else
+							@scanner.pos = pos
+							raise ParseError.new(%[Error in macro(#{e.message} "#{e.rest.strip}").])
+						end
+					ensure
+						@expanded_command.pop
+					end
+				elsif @commands.key?(com)
+					m = @commands[com]
+					m = com unless m
+					return __send__("cmd_#{m.to_s}")
+				end
+				parse_symbol_command(com)
+			end
+
+			def parse_mathfont(font)
+				f = @font
+				@font = font
+				begin
+					push_container(Row.new){|r| r << parse_any}
+				ensure
+					@font = f
+				end
+			end
+
+			def parse_group
+				font = @font
+				begin
+					g = @group_begins[@scanner[1]]
+					g = @scanner[1] unless g
+					__send__("grp_#{g.to_s}")
+				ensure
+					@font = font
+				end
+			end
+		end
+
+		module BuiltinCommands
+			OVERS = {'hat'=>'circ', 'breve'=>'smile', 'grave'=>'grave',
+				'acute'=>'acute', 'dot'=>'sdot', 'ddot'=>'nldr', 'tilde'=>'tilde',
+				'bar'=>'macr', 'vec'=>'rightarrow', 'check'=>'vee', 'widehat'=>'circ',
+				'overline'=>'macr', 'widetilde'=>'tilde', 'overbrace'=>'OverBrace'}
+			UNDERS = {'underbrace'=>'UnderBrace', 'underline'=>'macr'}
+
+			def initialize
+				add_commands("\\"=>:backslash)
+				add_commands("entity", "stackrel", "frac", "sqrt", "mbox")
+				add_multi_command(:hat_etc, 'hat', 'breve', 'grave', 'acute', 'dot', 'ddot', 'tilde', 'bar', 'vec', 'check', 'widehat', 'overline', 'widetilde', 'overbrace')
+				add_multi_command(:underbrace_etc, 'underbrace', 'underline')
+				add_multi_command(:quad_etc, " ", "quad", "qquad", ",", ":", ";", "!")
+				add_multi_command(:it_etc, "it", "rm", "bf")
+				add_multi_command(:mathit_etc, "mathit", "mathrm", "mathbf", "bm", "mathbb", "mathscr", "mathfrak")
+				add_sym_cmd(Builtin::Symbol::MAP)
+				add_delimiter(Builtin::Symbol::DELIMITERS)
+
+				super
+			end
+
+			def cmd_backslash
+				@ds ? nil : XMLElement.new("br", "xmlns"=>"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml")
+			end
+
+			def cmd_hat_etc
+				com = @scanner[1]
+				Over.new(parse_any, Operator.new << entitize(OVERS[com]))
+			end
+
+			def cmd_underbrace_etc
+				com = @scanner[1]
+				Under.new(parse_any, Operator.new << entitize(UNDERS[com]))
+			end
+
+			def cmd_entity
+				param = @scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan(/./)
+				raise ParseError.new("Need parameter.") unless param
+				unless @unsecure_entity || @entities[param]
+					param =@scanner.matched[/\A\{#{RE::SPACE}*(.*\})\z/, 1] if @scanner.matched=~RE::BLOCK
+					@scanner.pos = @scanner.pos-(param.size)
+					raise ParseError.new("Unregistered entity.")
+				end
+				Operator.new << entitize(param)
+			end
+
+			def cmd_stackrel
+				o = parse_any; b = parse_any
+				Over.new(b, o)
+			end
+
+			def cmd_quad_etc
+				case @scanner[1]
+				when ' '
+					Space.new("1em")
+				when 'quad'
+					Space.new("1em")
+				when 'qquad'
+					Space.new("2em")
+				when ','
+					Space.new("0.167em")
+				when ':'
+					Space.new("0.222em")
+				when ';'
+					Space.new("0.278em")
+				when '!'
+					Space.new("-0.167em")
+				end
+			end
+
+			def cmd_it_etc
+				case @scanner[1]
+				when 'it'
+					@font = Font::NORMAL
+				when 'rm'
+					@font = Font::ROMAN
+				when 'bf'
+					@font = Font::BOLD
+				end
+				nil
+			end
+
+			def cmd_mathit_etc
+				case @scanner[1]
+				when 'mathit'
+					parse_mathfont(Font::NORMAL)
+				when 'mathrm'
+					parse_mathfont(Font::ROMAN)
+				when 'mathbf'
+					parse_mathfont(Font::BOLD)
+				when 'bm'
+					parse_mathfont(Font::BOLD_ITALIC)
+				when 'mathbb'
+					parse_mathfont(Font::BLACKBOLD)
+				when 'mathscr'
+					parse_mathfont(Font::SCRIPT)
+				when 'mathfrak'
+					parse_mathfont(Font::FRAKTUR)
+				end
+			end
+
+			def cmd_frac
+				n = parse_any; d = parse_any
+				Frac.new(n, d)
+			end
+
+			def cmd_sqrt
+				if @scanner.scan_option
+					i = parse_into(@scanner[1], Array.new)
+					i = i.size==1 ? i[0] : (Row.new << i)
+					b = parse_any
+					Root.new(i, b)
+				else
+					Sqrt.new << parse_any
+				end
+			end
+
+			def cmd_mbox
+				@scanner.scan_any
+				Text.new << (@scanner.matched =~ RE::BLOCK ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.matched)
+			end
+		end
+
+		module BuiltinGroups
+			class CircularReferenceEnvironment < StandardError; end
+
+			def initialize
+				add_group("begin", "end")
+				add_group("left", "right", :left_etc)
+				add_group("bigg", "bigg", :left_etc)
+				@environments = Hash.new
+
+				super
+			end
+
+			def add_environment(*a)
+				@environments = Hash.new unless @environments
+				if a.size==1 && Hash===a[0]
+					@environments.merge!(hash)
+				else
+					a.each{|i| @environments[i] = false}
+				end
+			end
+
+			def grp_begin
+				matched = @scanner.matched
+				begin_pos = @scanner.pos-matched.size
+				en = @scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any
+				raise ParseError.new('Environment name not exist.') unless en
+
+				macro = @macro.environments(en)
+				if macro
+					begin
+						flg = @expanded_environment.include?(en)
+						@expanded_environment.push(en)
+						raise CircularReferenceEnvironment if flg
+
+						pos = @scanner.pos
+						option = (macro.option && @scanner.scan_option) ? @scanner[1] : nil
+						params = Array.new
+						(1..macro.num).each do
+							params << (@scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any)
+							raise ParseError.new("Need more parameter.") unless params.last
+						end
+						body = ""
+						grpnest = 0
+						until @scanner.peek_command=="end" && grpnest==0
+							if @scanner.eos?
+								@scanner.pos = pos
+								raise ParseError.new('Matching \end not exist.')
+							end
+							com = @scanner.peek_command
+							grpnest += 1 if @group_begins.has_key?(com)
+							grpnest -=1 if @group_ends.has_key?(com) && @group_begins[com]
+							raise ParseError.new("Syntax error.") if grpnest<0
+
+							body << @scanner.scan_any(true)
+						end
+						@scanner.scan_command
+						raise ParseError.new("Environment mismatched.", @scanner.matched) unless en==(@scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any)
+						begin
+							return parse_into(@macro.expand_environment(en, body, params, option), Array.new)
+						rescue CircularReferenceEnvironment
+							if @expanded_environment.size>1
+								raise
+							else
+								@scanner.pos = begin_pos
+								raise ParseError.new("Circular reference.")
+							end
+						rescue ParseError => e
+							if @expanded_environment.size>1
+								raise
+							else
+								@scanner.pos = begin_pos
+								raise ParseError.new(%[Error in macro(#{e.message} "#{e.rest.strip}").])
+							end
+						end
+					ensure
+						@expanded_environment.pop
+					end
+				end
+
+				raise ParseError.new("Undefined environment.") unless @environments.has_key?(en)
+				e = @environments[en]
+				e = en unless e # default method name
+				__send__("env_#{e.to_s}")
+			end
+
+			def grp_left_etc
+				right =
+					case @scanner[1]
+					when "left"
+						"right"
+					when "bigg"
+						"bigg"
+					end
+
+				f = Fenced.new
+				p = @scanner.pos
+				o = @scanner.scan_any
+				raise ParseError.new('Need brace here.') unless o && (o=~RE::BRACES || @delimiters.include?(o[RE::COMMANDS, 1]))
+				f.open = (o=~RE::BRACES ? o : parse_symbol_command(o[RE::COMMANDS, 1], true))
+				f << push_container(Row.new) do |r|
+					until @scanner.peek_command==right
+						if @scanner.eos?
+							@scanner.pos = p
+							raise ParseError.new('Brace not closed.')
+						end
+						r << parse_to_element(true)
+					end
+				end
+				@scanner.scan_command # skip right
+				c = @scanner.scan_any
+				raise ParseError.new('Need brace here.') unless c=~RE::BRACES || @delimiters.include?(c[RE::COMMANDS, 1])
+				f.close = (c=~RE::BRACES ? c : parse_symbol_command(c[RE::COMMANDS, 1], true))
+				f
+			end
+		end
+
+		module BuiltinEnvironments
+			def initialize
+				add_environment("array", "matrix")
+
+				super
+			end
+
+			def env_array
+				layout = @scanner.scan_block ? @scanner.matched : @scanner.scan(/./)
+				l = Scanner.new(layout=~RE::BLOCK ? layout[RE::BLOCK, 1] : layout)
+				t = Table.new
+				aligns = Array.new
+				vlines = Array.new
+				vlined = l.check(/\|/)
+				columned = false
+				until l.eos?
+					c = l.scan_any
+					raise ParseError.new("Syntax error.", layout[/\A.*(#{Regexp.escape(c+l.rest)}.*\z)/m, 1]) unless c=~/[clr\|@]/
+
+					if c=='|'
+						aligns << Align::CENTER if vlined
+						vlines << Line::SOLID
+						vlined = true
+						columned = false
+					else
+						vlines << Line::NONE if columned
+						vlined = false
+						columned = true
+						case c
+						when 'l'
+							aligns << Align::LEFT
+						when 'c'
+							aligns << Align::CENTER
+						when 'r'
+							aligns << Align::RIGHT
+						when '@'
+							aligns << Align::CENTER
+							l.scan_any
+						end
+					end
+				end
+				t.aligns = aligns
+				t.vlines = vlines
+
+				layout = layout[RE::BLOCK, 1] if layout=~RE::BLOCK
+				raise ParseError.new('Need parameter here.') if layout==""
+
+				hlines = Array.new
+				row_parsed = false
+				hlined = false
+				until @scanner.peek_command=="end"
+					raise ParseError.new('Matching \end not exist.') if @scanner.eos?
+					if @scanner.peek_command=="hline"
+						@scanner.scan_command
+						t << Tr.new unless row_parsed
+						hlines << Line::SOLID
+						row_parsed = false
+						hlined = true
+					else
+						hlines << Line::NONE if row_parsed
+						t << env_array_row(l.string)
+						@scanner.scan(RE::WBSLASH)
+						row_parsed = true
+						hlined = false
+					end
+				end
+				t.hlines = hlines
+
+				if hlined
+					tr = Tr.new
+					(0..vlines.size).each {|i| tr << Td.new}
+					t << tr
+				end
+
+				@scanner.scan_command
+				raise ParseError.new("Environment mismatched.") unless @scanner.check_block && @scanner[1]=="array"
+				@scanner.scan_block
+				t
+			end
+
+			def env_array_row(layout)
+				l = Scanner.new(layout)
+				r = Tr.new
+				first_column = true
+				vlined = l.check(/\|/)
+				until l.eos?
+					c = l.scan(/./)
+					if c=='|'
+						r << Td.new if vlined
+						vlined = true
+						next
+					else
+						vlined = false
+						case c
+						when 'r', 'l', 'c'
+						when '@'
+							r << parse_into(l.scan_any, Td.new)
+							next
+						end
+						if first_column
+							first_column = false
+						else
+							raise ParseError.new("Need more column.", @scanner.matched.to_s) unless @scanner.scan(/&/)
+						end
+						r << push_container(Td.new) do |td|
+							td << parse_to_element(true) until @scanner.peek_command=="end" || @scanner.check(/(&|\\\\)/) || @scanner.eos?
+						end
+					end
+				end
+				r << Td.new if vlined
+				raise ParseError.new("Too many column.") if @scanner.check(/&/)
+				r
+			end
+
+			def env_matrix
+				t = Table.new
+				hlines = Array.new
+				hlined = false
+				row_parsed = false
+				until @scanner.peek_command=="end"
+					raise ParseError.new('Matching \end not exist.') if @scanner.eos?
+					if @scanner.peek_command=="hline"
+						@scanner.scan_command
+						t << Tr.new unless row_parsed
+						hlines << Line::SOLID
+						row_parsed = false
+						hlined = true
+					else
+						hlines << Line::NONE if row_parsed
+						t << (r = Tr.new)
+						r << (td=Td.new)
+						until @scanner.check(RE::WBSLASH) || @scanner.peek_command=="end" || @scanner.eos?
+							push_container(td) do |e|
+								e << parse_to_element(true) until @scanner.peek_command=="end" || @scanner.check(/(&|\\\\)/) || @scanner.eos?
+							end
+							r << (td=Td.new) if @scanner.scan(/&/)
+						end
+						@scanner.scan(RE::WBSLASH)
+						row_parsed = true
+						hlined = false
+					end
+				end
+				t.hlines = hlines
+
+				t << Tr.new if hlined
+
+				raise ParseError.new("Need \\end{array}.") unless @scanner.peek_command=="end"
+				@scanner.scan_command
+				raise ParseError.new("Environment mismatched.") unless @scanner.check_block && @scanner[1]=="matrix"
+				@scanner.scan_block
+				t
+			end
+
+			def env_matrix_row
+				r = Tr.new
+				until @scanner.check(RE::WBSLASH) || @scanner.peek_command=="end"
+					r << push_container(Td.new) do |td|
+						td << parse_to_element(true) until @scanner.peek_command=="end" || @scanner.check(/(&|\\\\)/) || @scanner.eos?
+					end
+				end
+			end
+		end
+	end
+end