math_ml 0.13 → 1.0.0

data/lib/math_ml/latex.rb

@@ -1,1105 +1,1143 @@
-require "math_ml/latex/builtin"
+require 'math_ml/latex/builtin'
 
 module MathML
-	module LaTeX
-		MBEC = /\\.|[^\\]/m
-
-		module RE
-			SPACE = /(?:\s|%.*$)/
-			NUMERICS = /(?:\.\d+)|(?:\d+(\.\d+)?)/
-			OPERATORS = /[,\.\+\-\*=\/\(\)\[\]<>"|;:!]/
-			ALPHABETS = /[a-zA-Z]/
-			BLOCK = /\A\{(.*?)\}\z/m
-			OPTION = /\A\[(.*)\]\z/m
-			COMMANDS = /\\([a-zA-Z]+|[^a-zA-Z])/
-			WBSLASH = /\\\\/
-			BRACES = /\A([.|\[\]\(\)<>])\z/
-		end
-
-		module Font
-			NORMAL = 0
-			BOLD = 1
-			BLACKBOLD = 2
-			SCRIPT = 3
-			FRAKTUR = 4
-			ROMAN = 5
-			BOLD_ITALIC = 6
-		end
-
-		class BlockNotClosed < StandardError; end
-		class NotEnvironment < StandardError; end
-		class EnvironmentNotEnd < StandardError; end
-		class NeedParameter < StandardError; end
-		class EndMismatchToBegin < StandardError; end
-		class OptionNotClosed < StandardError; end
-
-		class Scanner < StringScanner
-			def done
-				self.string[0, pos]
-			end
-
-			def scan_space
-				_scan(/#{RE::SPACE}+/)
-			end
-
-			def skip_space_and(check_mode)
-				opos = pos
-				scan_space
-				r = yield
-				self.pos = opos if check_mode || !r
-				r
-			end
-
-			unless instance_methods.include?("_eos?")
-				alias :_eos? :eos?
-				alias :_check :check
-				alias :_scan :scan
-			end
-
-			def check(re)
-				skip_space_and(true){_check(re)}
-			end
-
-			def scan(re)
-				skip_space_and(false){_scan(re)}
-			end
-
-			def eos?
-				_eos? || _check(/#{RE::SPACE}+\z/)
-			end
-
-			def check_command
-				check(RE::COMMANDS)
-			end
-
-			def scan_command
-				scan(RE::COMMANDS)
-			end
-
-			def peek_command
-				check_command ? self[1] : nil
-			end
-
-			def check_block
-				skip_space_and(true){scan_block}
-			end
-
-			def scan_block
-				return nil unless scan(/\{/)
-				block = "{"
-				bpos = pos-1
-				nest = 1
-				while _scan(/(#{MBEC}*?)([\{\}])/)
-					block << matched
-					case self[2]
-					when "{"
-						nest+=1
-					when "}"
-						nest-=1
-						break if nest==0
-					end
-				end
-				if nest>0
-					self.pos = bpos
-					raise BlockNotClosed
-				end
-				self.pos = bpos
-				_scan(/\A\{(#{Regexp.escape(block[RE::BLOCK, 1].to_s)})\}/)
-			end
-
-			def check_any(remain_space=false)
-				skip_space_and(true){scan_any(remain_space)}
-			end
-
-			def scan_any(remain_space=false)
-				p = pos
-				scan_space
-				r = remain_space ? matched.to_s : ""
-				case
-				when s = scan_block
-				when s = scan_command
-				else
-					unless _scan(/./) || remain_space
-						self.pos = p
-						return nil
-					end
-					s = matched.to_s
-				end
-				r << s
-			end
-
-			def scan_option
-				return nil unless scan(/\[/)
-				opt = "["
-				p = pos-1
-				until (s=scan_any(true)) =~ /\A#{RE::SPACE}*\]\z/
-					opt << s
-					if eos?
-						self.pos = p
-						raise OptionNotClosed
-					end
-				end
-				opt << s
-				self.pos = p
-				_scan(/\A\[(#{Regexp.escape(opt[RE::OPTION, 1].to_s)})\]/)
-			end
-
-			def check_option
-				skip_space_and(true){scan_option}
-			end
-		end
-
-		class ParseError < StandardError
-			attr_accessor :rest, :done
-			def initialize(message, rest = "", done = "")
-				@done = done
-				@rest = rest
-				super(message)
-			end
-
-			def inspect
-				"#{message} : '#{@done}' / '#{@rest}'\n"+backtrace[0..5].join("\n")
-			end
-		end
-
-		class Macro
-			class Command
-				attr_reader :num, :body, :option
-				def initialize(n, b, o)
-					@num = n
-					@body = b
-					@option = o
-				end
-			end
-
-			class Environment
-				attr_reader :num, :beginning, :ending, :option
-				def initialize(n, b, e, o)
-					@num = n
-					@beginning = b
-					@ending = e
-					@option = o
-				end
-			end
-
-			def initialize
-				@commands = Hash.new
-				@environments = Hash.new
-			end
-
-			def parse_error(message, rest="", whole=nil)
-				rest = whole[/\A.*?(#{Regexp.escape(rest)}.*\z)/, 1] if whole
-				rest << @scanner.rest
-				done = @scanner.string[0, @scanner.string.size-rest.size]
-				ParseError.new(message, rest, done)
-			end
-
-			def parse(src)
-				@scanner = Scanner.new(src)
-				until @scanner.eos?
-					unless @scanner.scan_command
-						@scanner.scan_space
-						raise parse_error("Syntax error.")
-					end
-					case @scanner[1]
-					when "newcommand"
-						parse_newcommand
-					when "newenvironment"
-						parse_newenvironment
-					else
-						raise parse_error("Syntax error.", @scanner.matched)
-					end
-				end
-			rescue BlockNotClosed => e
-				raise parse_error("Block not closed.")
-			rescue OptionNotClosed => e
-				raise parse_error("Option not closed.")
-			end
-
-			def scan_num_of_parameter
-				if @scanner.scan_option
-					raise parse_error("Need positive number.", @scanner[1]+"]") unless @scanner[1]=~/\A#{RE::SPACE}*\d+#{RE::SPACE}*\z/
-					@scanner[1].to_i
-				else
-					0
-				end
-			end
-
-			def check_parameter_numbers(src, opt, whole)
-				s = Scanner.new(src)
-				until s.eos?
-					case
-					when s.scan(/#{MBEC}*?\#(\d+|.)/)
-						raise parse_error("Need positive number.") unless s[1]=~/\d+/
-						raise parse_error("Parameter \# too large.", s[1]+s.rest, whole) if s[1].to_i>opt
-					else
-						return nil
-					end
-				end
-			end
-
-			def parse_newcommand
-				case
-				when @scanner.scan_block
-					s = Scanner.new(@scanner[1])
-					raise parse_error("Need newcommand.", s.rest+"}") unless s.scan_command
-					com = s[1]
-					raise parse_error("Syntax error." ,s.rest+"}") unless s.eos?
-				when @scanner.scan_command
-					s = Scanner.new(@scanner[1])
-					com = s.scan_command
-				else
-					raise parse_error("Need newcommand.")
-				end
-
-				optnum = scan_num_of_parameter
-				opt = @scanner.scan_option ? @scanner[1] : nil
-
-				case
-				when @scanner.scan_block
-					body = @scanner[1]
-				when @scanner.scan_command
-					body = @scanner.matched
-				else
-					body = @scanner.scan(/./)
-				end
-
-				raise parse_error("Need parameter.") unless body
-
-				check_parameter_numbers(body, optnum, @scanner.matched)
-
-				optnum-=1 if opt
-				@commands[com] = Command.new(optnum, body, opt)
-			end
-
-			def parse_newenvironment
-				case
-				when @scanner.scan_block
-					env = @scanner[1]
-				when @scanner.scan_command
-					raise ParseError.new
-				when @scanner.scan(/./)
-					env = @scanner.matched
-				end
-				raise parse_error("Syntax error.", env[/\A.*?(\\.*\z)/, 1], @scanner.matched) if env=~/\\/
-
-				optnum = scan_num_of_parameter
-				opt = @scanner.scan_option ? @scanner[1] : nil
-
-				b = @scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any
-				raise parse_error("Need begin block.") unless b
-				check_parameter_numbers(b, optnum, @scanner.matched)
-				e = @scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any
-				raise parse_error("Need end block.") unless e
-				check_parameter_numbers(e, optnum, @scanner.matched)
-
-				optnum -= 1 if opt
-				@environments[env] = Environment.new(optnum, b, e, opt)
-			end
-
-			def commands(com)
-				@commands[com]
-			end
-
-			def expand_command(com, params, opt=nil)
-				return nil unless @commands.has_key?(com)
-				c = @commands[com]
-				opt = c.option if c.option && !opt
-				params.unshift(opt) if c.option
-				raise ParseError.new("Need more parameter.") if params.size < c.num
-
-				c.body.gsub(/(#{MBEC}*?)\#(\d+)/) do
-					$1.to_s << params[$2.to_i-1]
-				end
-			end
-
-			def environments(env)
-				@environments[env]
-			end
-
-			def expand_environment(env, body, params, opt=nil)
-				return nil unless @environments.has_key?(env)
-				e = @environments[env]
-				opt = e.option if e.option && !opt
-				params.unshift(opt) if e.option
-				raise ParseError.new("Need more parameter.") if params.size < e.num
-
-				bg = e.beginning.gsub(/(#{MBEC}*?)\#(\d+)/) do
-					$1.to_s << params[$2.to_i-1]
-				end
-
-				en = e.ending.gsub(/(#{MBEC}*?)\#(\d+)/) do
-					$1.to_s << params[$2.to_i-1]
-				end
-
-				" #{bg} #{body} #{en} "
-			end
-		end
-
-		module BuiltinCommands; end
-		module BuiltinGroups; end
-		module BuiltinEnvironments; end
-
-		class Parser
-			class CircularReferenceCommand < StandardError; end
-
-			include LaTeX
-
-			include BuiltinEnvironments
-			include BuiltinGroups
-			include BuiltinCommands
-
-			BUILTIN_MACRO = <<'EOS'
-\newenvironment{smallmatrix}{\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}}
-\newenvironment{pmatrix}{\left(\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}\right)}
-\newenvironment{bmatrix}{\left[\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}\right]}
-\newenvironment{Bmatrix}{\left\{\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}\right\}}
-\newenvironment{vmatrix}{\left|\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}\right|}
-\newenvironment{Vmatrix}{\left\|\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}\right\|}
-EOS
-
-			attr_accessor :unsecure_entity
-			attr_reader :macro
-			attr_reader :symbol_table
-
-			def initialize(opt={})
-				@unsecure_entity = false
-				@entities = Hash.new
-				@commands = Hash.new
-				@symbols = Hash.new
-				@delimiters = Array.new
-				@group_begins = Hash.new
-				@group_ends = Hash.new
-				@macro = Macro.new
-				@macro.parse(BUILTIN_MACRO)
-				@expanded_command = Array.new
-				@expanded_environment = Array.new
-				@symbol_table = opt[:symbol] || MathML::Symbol::Default
-				@symbol_table = MathML::Symbol::MAP[@symbol_table] if @symbol_table.is_a?(::Symbol)
-
-				super()
-			end
-
-			def add_entity(list)
-				list.each do |i|
-					@entities[i] = true
-				end
-			end
-
-			def parse(src, displaystyle=false)
-				@ds = displaystyle
-				begin
-					parse_into(src, Math.new(@ds), Font::NORMAL)
-				rescue ParseError => e
-					e.done = src[0...(src.size - e.rest.size)]
-					raise
-				end
-			end
-
-			def push_container(container, scanner=@scanner, font=@font)
-				data = [@container, @scanner, @font]
-				@container, @scanner, @font = [container, scanner, font]
-				begin
-					yield container
-					container
-				ensure
-					@container, @scanner, @font = data
-				end
-			end
-
-			def add_plugin(plugin)
-				self.extend(plugin)
-			end
-
-			def add_commands(*a)
-				if a.size==1 && Hash===a[0]
-					@commands.merge!(a[0])
-				else
-					a.each{|i| @commands[i] = false}
-				end
-			end
-
-			def add_multi_command(m, *a)
-				a.each{|i| @commands[i] = m}
-			end
-
-			def add_sym_cmd(hash)
-				@symbols.merge!(hash)
-			end
-
-			def add_delimiter(list)
-				@delimiters.concat(list)
-			end
-
-			def add_group(begin_name, end_name, method=nil)
-				@group_begins[begin_name] = method
-				@group_ends[end_name] = begin_name
-			end
-
-			private
-			def parse_into(src, parent, font=nil)
-				orig = [@scanner, @container, @font, @ds]
-				@scanner = Scanner.new(src)
-				@container = parent
-				@font = font if font
-				begin
-					until @scanner.eos?
-						@container << parse_to_element(true)
-					end
-					@container
-				rescue BlockNotClosed => e
-					raise  ParseError.new("Block not closed.", @scanner.rest)
-				rescue NotEnvironment => e
-					raise ParseError.new("Not environment.", @scanner.rest)
-				rescue EnvironmentNotEnd => e
-					raise ParseError.new("Environment not end.", @scanner.rest)
-				rescue OptionNotClosed => e
-					raise ParseError.new("Option not closed.", @scanner.rest)
-				rescue ParseError => e
-					e.rest << @scanner.rest.to_s
-					raise
-				ensure
-					@scanner, @container, @font, @ds = orig
-				end
-			end
-
-			def parse_any(message = "Syntax error.")
-				raise ParseError.new(message) unless @scanner.scan_any
-				s = @scanner
-				@scanner = Scanner.new(@scanner.matched)
-				begin
-					parse_to_element
-				ensure
-					@scanner = s
-				end
-			end
-
-			def parse_to_element(whole_group = false)
-				if whole_group && @group_begins.has_key?(@scanner.peek_command)
-					@scanner.scan_command
-					parse_group
-				else
-					case
-					when @scanner.scan(RE::NUMERICS)
-						parse_num
-					when @scanner.scan(RE::ALPHABETS)
-						parse_char
-					when @scanner.scan(RE::OPERATORS)
-						parse_operator
-					when @scanner.scan_block
-						parse_block
-					when @scanner.scan(/_/)
-						parse_sub
-					when @scanner.scan(/'+|\^/)
-						parse_sup
-					when @scanner.scan(/~/)
-						Space.new("1em")
-					when @scanner.scan_command
-						parse_command
-					else
-						raise ParseError.new('Syntax error.')
-					end
-				end
-			end
-
-			def parse_num
-				n = Number.new
-				n.extend(Variant).variant = Variant::BOLD if @font==Font::BOLD
-				n << @scanner.matched
-			end
-
-			def parse_char
-				c = @scanner.matched
-				i = Identifier.new
-				case @font
-				when Font::ROMAN
-					i.extend(Variant).variant = Variant::NORMAL
-				when Font::BOLD
-					i.extend(Variant).variant = Variant::BOLD
-				when Font::BOLD_ITALIC
-					i.extend(Variant).variant = Variant::BOLD_ITALIC
-				when Font::BLACKBOLD
-					c = symbol_table.convert("#{c}opf")
-				when Font::SCRIPT
-					c = symbol_table.convert("#{c}scr")
-				when Font::FRAKTUR
-					c = symbol_table.convert("#{c}fr")
-				end
-				i << c
-			end
-
-			def parse_operator
-				o = @scanner.matched
-				Operator.new << o
-			end
-
-			def parse_block
-				os = @scanner
-				@scanner =  Scanner.new(@scanner[1])
-				begin
-					push_container(Row.new) do |r|
-						r << parse_to_element(true) until @scanner.eos?
-					end
-				rescue ParseError => e
-					e.rest << '}'
-					raise
-				ensure
-					@scanner = os
-				end
-			end
-
-			def parse_sub
-				e = @container.pop
-				e = None.new unless e
-				e = SubSup.new(@ds && e.display_style, e) unless e.is_a?(SubSup)
-				raise ParseError.new("Double subscript.", "_") if e.sub
-				e.sub = parse_any("Subscript not exist.")
-				e
-			end
-
-			def parse_sup
-				e = @container.pop
-				e = None.new unless e
-				e = SubSup.new(@ds && e.display_style, e) unless e.is_a?(SubSup)
-				raise ParseError.new("Double superscript.", @scanner[0]) if e.sup
-				if /'+/=~@scanner[0]
-					prime = Operator.new
-					@scanner[0].size.times do
-						prime << symbol_table.convert("prime")
-					end
-					unless @scanner.scan(/\^/)
-						e.sup = prime
-						return e
-					end
-				end
-				sup = parse_any("Superscript not exist.")
-
-				if prime
-					unless sup.is_a?(Row)
-						r = Row.new
-						r << sup
-						sup = r
-					end
-					sup.contents.insert(0, prime)
-				end
-
-				e.sup = sup
-				e
-			end
-
-			def entitize(str)
-				MathML.pcstring(str.sub(/^(.*)$/){"&#{$1};"}, true)
-			end
-
-			def parse_symbol_command(com, plain=false)
-				unless @symbols.include?(com)
-					@scanner.pos = @scanner.pos-(com.size+1)
-					raise ParseError.new("Undefined command.")
-				end
-				data = @symbols[com]
-				return nil unless data
-
-				data, s = data
-				su = data[0]
-				el = data[1]
-				el = :o unless el
-				s = com.dup.untaint.to_sym unless s
-				s = com if s.is_a?(String) && s.length==0
-
-				case el
-				when :I
-					el = Identifier.new
-				when :i
-					el = Identifier.new
-					el.extend(Variant).variant = Variant::NORMAL unless s.is_a?(String)&&s.length>1
-				when :o
-					el = Operator.new
-				when :n
-					el = Number.new
-				else
-					raise ParseError.new("Inner data broken.")
-				end
-
-				case s
-				when Fixnum
-					s = MathML.pcstring("&\#x#{s.to_s(16)};", true)
-				when ::Symbol
-					s = symbol_table.convert(s)
-				else
-					MathML.pcstring(s, true)
-				end
-
-				return s if plain
-				el << s
-				el.as_display_style if su==:u
-				el
-			end
-
-			def parse_command
-				com = @scanner[1]
-				matched = @scanner.matched
-				pos = @scanner.pos-matched.size
-				macro = @macro.commands(com)
-				if macro
-					begin
-						flg = @expanded_command.include?(com)
-						@expanded_command.push(com)
-						raise CircularReferenceCommand if flg
-						option = (macro.option && @scanner.scan_option) ? @scanner[1] : nil
-						params = Array.new
-						(1..macro.num).each do
-							params << (@scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any)
-							raise ParseError.new("Need more parameter.") unless params.last
-						end
-						r = parse_into(@macro.expand_command(com, params, option), Array.new)
-						return r
-					rescue CircularReferenceCommand
-						if @expanded_command.size>1
-							raise
-						else
-							@scanner.pos = pos
-							raise ParseError.new("Circular reference.")
-						end
-					rescue ParseError => e
-						if @expanded_command.size>1
-							raise
-						else
-							@scanner.pos = pos
-							raise ParseError.new(%[Error in macro(#{e.message} "#{e.rest.strip}").])
-						end
-					ensure
-						@expanded_command.pop
-					end
-				elsif @commands.key?(com)
-					m = @commands[com]
-					m = com unless m
-					return __send__("cmd_#{m.to_s}")
-				end
-				parse_symbol_command(com)
-			end
-
-			def parse_mathfont(font)
-				f = @font
-				@font = font
-				begin
-					push_container(Row.new){|r| r << parse_any}
-				ensure
-					@font = f
-				end
-			end
-
-			def parse_group
-				font = @font
-				begin
-					g = @group_begins[@scanner[1]]
-					g = @scanner[1] unless g
-					__send__("grp_#{g.to_s}")
-				ensure
-					@font = font
-				end
-			end
-		end
-
-		module BuiltinCommands
-			OVERS = {'hat'=>'circ', 'breve'=>'smile', 'grave'=>'grave',
-				'acute'=>'acute', 'dot'=>'sdot', 'ddot'=>'nldr', 'dddot'=>'mldr', 'tilde'=>'tilde',
-				'bar'=>'macr', 'vec'=>'rightarrow', 'check'=>'vee', 'widehat'=>'circ',
-				'overline'=>'macr', 'widetilde'=>'tilde', 'overbrace'=>'OverBrace'}
-			UNDERS = {'underbrace'=>'UnderBrace', 'underline'=>'macr'}
-
-			def initialize
-				add_commands("\\"=>:backslash)
-				add_commands("entity", "stackrel", "frac", "sqrt", "mbox")
-				add_multi_command(:hat_etc, *OVERS.keys)
-				add_multi_command(:underbrace_etc, *UNDERS.keys)
-				add_multi_command(:quad_etc, " ", "quad", "qquad", ",", ":", ";", "!")
-				add_multi_command(:it_etc, "it", "rm", "bf")
-				add_multi_command(:mathit_etc, "mathit", "mathrm", "mathbf", "bm", "mathbb", "mathscr", "mathfrak")
-				add_sym_cmd(Builtin::Symbol::MAP)
-				add_delimiter(Builtin::Symbol::DELIMITERS)
-
-				super
-			end
-
-			def cmd_backslash
-				@ds ? nil : XMLElement.new("br", "xmlns"=>"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml")
-			end
-
-			def cmd_hat_etc
-				com = @scanner[1]
-				Over.new(parse_any, Operator.new << entitize(OVERS[com]))
-			end
-
-			def cmd_underbrace_etc
-				com = @scanner[1]
-				Under.new(parse_any, Operator.new << entitize(UNDERS[com]))
-			end
-
-			def cmd_entity
-				param = @scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan(/./)
-				raise ParseError.new("Need parameter.") unless param
-				unless @unsecure_entity || @entities[param]
-					param =@scanner.matched[/\A\{#{RE::SPACE}*(.*\})\z/, 1] if @scanner.matched=~RE::BLOCK
-					@scanner.pos = @scanner.pos-(param.size)
-					raise ParseError.new("Unregistered entity.")
-				end
-				Operator.new << entitize(param)
-			end
-
-			def cmd_stackrel
-				o = parse_any; b = parse_any
-				Over.new(b, o)
-			end
-
-			def cmd_quad_etc
-				case @scanner[1]
-				when ' '
-					Space.new("1em")
-				when 'quad'
-					Space.new("1em")
-				when 'qquad'
-					Space.new("2em")
-				when ','
-					Space.new("0.167em")
-				when ':'
-					Space.new("0.222em")
-				when ';'
-					Space.new("0.278em")
-				when '!'
-					Space.new("-0.167em")
-				end
-			end
-
-			def cmd_it_etc
-				case @scanner[1]
-				when 'it'
-					@font = Font::NORMAL
-				when 'rm'
-					@font = Font::ROMAN
-				when 'bf'
-					@font = Font::BOLD
-				end
-				nil
-			end
-
-			def cmd_mathit_etc
-				case @scanner[1]
-				when 'mathit'
-					parse_mathfont(Font::NORMAL)
-				when 'mathrm'
-					parse_mathfont(Font::ROMAN)
-				when 'mathbf'
-					parse_mathfont(Font::BOLD)
-				when 'bm'
-					parse_mathfont(Font::BOLD_ITALIC)
-				when 'mathbb'
-					parse_mathfont(Font::BLACKBOLD)
-				when 'mathscr'
-					parse_mathfont(Font::SCRIPT)
-				when 'mathfrak'
-					parse_mathfont(Font::FRAKTUR)
-				end
-			end
-
-			def cmd_frac
-				n = parse_any; d = parse_any
-				Frac.new(n, d)
-			end
-
-			def cmd_sqrt
-				if @scanner.scan_option
-					i = parse_into(@scanner[1], Array.new)
-					i = i.size==1 ? i[0] : (Row.new << i)
-					b = parse_any
-					Root.new(i, b)
-				else
-					Sqrt.new << parse_any
-				end
-			end
-
-			def cmd_mbox
-				@scanner.scan_any
-				Text.new << (@scanner.matched =~ RE::BLOCK ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.matched)
-			end
-		end
-
-		module BuiltinGroups
-			class CircularReferenceEnvironment < StandardError; end
-
-			def initialize
-				add_group("begin", "end")
-				add_group("left", "right", :left_etc)
-				add_group("bigg", "bigg", :left_etc)
-				@environments = Hash.new
-
-				super
-			end
-
-			def add_environment(*a)
-				@environments = Hash.new unless @environments
-				if a.size==1 && Hash===a[0]
-					@environments.merge!(hash)
-				else
-					a.each{|i| @environments[i] = false}
-				end
-			end
-
-			def grp_begin
-				matched = @scanner.matched
-				begin_pos = @scanner.pos-matched.size
-				en = @scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any
-				raise ParseError.new('Environment name not exist.') unless en
-
-				macro = @macro.environments(en)
-				if macro
-					begin
-						flg = @expanded_environment.include?(en)
-						@expanded_environment.push(en)
-						raise CircularReferenceEnvironment if flg
-
-						pos = @scanner.pos
-						option = (macro.option && @scanner.scan_option) ? @scanner[1] : nil
-						params = Array.new
-						(1..macro.num).each do
-							params << (@scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any)
-							raise ParseError.new("Need more parameter.") unless params.last
-						end
-						body = ""
-						grpnest = 0
-						until @scanner.peek_command=="end" && grpnest==0
-							if @scanner.eos?
-								@scanner.pos = pos
-								raise ParseError.new('Matching \end not exist.')
-							end
-							com = @scanner.peek_command
-							grpnest += 1 if @group_begins.has_key?(com)
-							grpnest -=1 if @group_ends.has_key?(com) && @group_begins[com]
-							raise ParseError.new("Syntax error.") if grpnest<0
-
-							body << @scanner.scan_any(true)
-						end
-						@scanner.scan_command
-						raise ParseError.new("Environment mismatched.", @scanner.matched) unless en==(@scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any)
-						begin
-							return parse_into(@macro.expand_environment(en, body, params, option), Array.new)
-						rescue CircularReferenceEnvironment
-							if @expanded_environment.size>1
-								raise
-							else
-								@scanner.pos = begin_pos
-								raise ParseError.new("Circular reference.")
-							end
-						rescue ParseError => e
-							if @expanded_environment.size>1
-								raise
-							else
-								@scanner.pos = begin_pos
-								raise ParseError.new(%[Error in macro(#{e.message} "#{e.rest.strip}").])
-							end
-						end
-					ensure
-						@expanded_environment.pop
-					end
-				end
-
-				raise ParseError.new("Undefined environment.") unless @environments.has_key?(en)
-				e = @environments[en]
-				e = en unless e # default method name
-				__send__("env_#{e.to_s}")
-			end
-
-			def grp_left_etc
-				right =
-					case @scanner[1]
-					when "left"
-						"right"
-					when "bigg"
-						"bigg"
-					end
-
-				f = Fenced.new
-				p = @scanner.pos
-				o = @scanner.scan_any
-				raise ParseError.new('Need brace here.') unless o && (o=~RE::BRACES || @delimiters.include?(o[RE::COMMANDS, 1]))
-				f.open = (o=~RE::BRACES ? o : parse_symbol_command(o[RE::COMMANDS, 1], true))
-				f << push_container(Row.new) do |r|
-					until @scanner.peek_command==right
-						if @scanner.eos?
-							@scanner.pos = p
-							raise ParseError.new('Brace not closed.')
-						end
-						r << parse_to_element(true)
-					end
-				end
-				@scanner.scan_command # skip right
-				c = @scanner.scan_any
-				raise ParseError.new('Need brace here.') unless c=~RE::BRACES || @delimiters.include?(c[RE::COMMANDS, 1])
-				f.close = (c=~RE::BRACES ? c : parse_symbol_command(c[RE::COMMANDS, 1], true))
-				f
-			end
-		end
-
-		module BuiltinEnvironments
-			def initialize
-				add_environment("array", "matrix")
-
-				super
-			end
-
-			def env_array
-				layout = @scanner.scan_block ? @scanner.matched : @scanner.scan(/./)
-				l = Scanner.new(layout=~RE::BLOCK ? layout[RE::BLOCK, 1] : layout)
-				t = Table.new
-				aligns = Array.new
-				vlines = Array.new
-				vlined = l.check(/\|/)
-				columned = false
-				until l.eos?
-					c = l.scan_any
-					raise ParseError.new("Syntax error.", layout[/\A.*(#{Regexp.escape(c+l.rest)}.*\z)/m, 1]) unless c=~/[clr\|@]/
-
-					if c=='|'
-						aligns << Align::CENTER if vlined
-						vlines << Line::SOLID
-						vlined = true
-						columned = false
-					else
-						vlines << Line::NONE if columned
-						vlined = false
-						columned = true
-						case c
-						when 'l'
-							aligns << Align::LEFT
-						when 'c'
-							aligns << Align::CENTER
-						when 'r'
-							aligns << Align::RIGHT
-						when '@'
-							aligns << Align::CENTER
-							l.scan_any
-						end
-					end
-				end
-				t.aligns = aligns
-				t.vlines = vlines
-
-				layout = layout[RE::BLOCK, 1] if layout=~RE::BLOCK
-				raise ParseError.new('Need parameter here.') if layout==""
-
-				hlines = Array.new
-				row_parsed = false
-				hlined = false
-				until @scanner.peek_command=="end"
-					raise ParseError.new('Matching \end not exist.') if @scanner.eos?
-					if @scanner.peek_command=="hline"
-						@scanner.scan_command
-						t << Tr.new unless row_parsed
-						hlines << Line::SOLID
-						row_parsed = false
-						hlined = true
-					else
-						hlines << Line::NONE if row_parsed
-						t << env_array_row(l.string)
-						@scanner.scan(RE::WBSLASH)
-						row_parsed = true
-						hlined = false
-					end
-				end
-				t.hlines = hlines
-
-				if hlined
-					tr = Tr.new
-					(0..vlines.size).each {|i| tr << Td.new}
-					t << tr
-				end
-
-				@scanner.scan_command
-				raise ParseError.new("Environment mismatched.") unless @scanner.check_block && @scanner[1]=="array"
-				@scanner.scan_block
-				t
-			end
-
-			def env_array_row(layout)
-				l = Scanner.new(layout)
-				r = Tr.new
-				first_column = true
-				vlined = l.check(/\|/)
-				until l.eos?
-					c = l.scan(/./)
-					if c=='|'
-						r << Td.new if vlined
-						vlined = true
-						next
-					else
-						vlined = false
-						case c
-						when 'r', 'l', 'c'
-						when '@'
-							r << parse_into(l.scan_any, Td.new)
-							next
-						end
-						if first_column
-							first_column = false
-						else
-							raise ParseError.new("Need more column.", @scanner.matched.to_s) unless @scanner.scan(/&/)
-						end
-						r << push_container(Td.new) do |td|
-							td << parse_to_element(true) until @scanner.peek_command=="end" || @scanner.check(/(&|\\\\)/) || @scanner.eos?
-						end
-					end
-				end
-				r << Td.new if vlined
-				raise ParseError.new("Too many column.") if @scanner.check(/&/)
-				r
-			end
-
-			def env_matrix
-				t = Table.new
-				hlines = Array.new
-				hlined = false
-				row_parsed = false
-				until @scanner.peek_command=="end"
-					raise ParseError.new('Matching \end not exist.') if @scanner.eos?
-					if @scanner.peek_command=="hline"
-						@scanner.scan_command
-						t << Tr.new unless row_parsed
-						hlines << Line::SOLID
-						row_parsed = false
-						hlined = true
-					else
-						hlines << Line::NONE if row_parsed
-						t << (r = Tr.new)
-						r << (td=Td.new)
-						until @scanner.check(RE::WBSLASH) || @scanner.peek_command=="end" || @scanner.eos?
-							push_container(td) do |e|
-								e << parse_to_element(true) until @scanner.peek_command=="end" || @scanner.check(/(&|\\\\)/) || @scanner.eos?
-							end
-							r << (td=Td.new) if @scanner.scan(/&/)
-						end
-						@scanner.scan(RE::WBSLASH)
-						row_parsed = true
-						hlined = false
-					end
-				end
-				t.hlines = hlines
-
-				t << Tr.new if hlined
-
-				raise ParseError.new("Need \\end{array}.") unless @scanner.peek_command=="end"
-				@scanner.scan_command
-				raise ParseError.new("Environment mismatched.") unless @scanner.check_block && @scanner[1]=="matrix"
-				@scanner.scan_block
-				t
-			end
-
-			def env_matrix_row
-				r = Tr.new
-				until @scanner.check(RE::WBSLASH) || @scanner.peek_command=="end"
-					r << push_container(Td.new) do |td|
-						td << parse_to_element(true) until @scanner.peek_command=="end" || @scanner.check(/(&|\\\\)/) || @scanner.eos?
-					end
-				end
-			end
-		end
-	end
+  module LaTeX
+    MBEC = /\\.|[^\\]/m
+
+    module RE
+      SPACE = /(?:\s|%.*$)/
+      NUMERICS = /(?:\.\d+)|(?:\d+(\.\d+)?)/
+      OPERATORS = %r{[,.+\-*=/()\[\]<>"|;:!]}
+      ALPHABETS = /[a-zA-Z]/
+      BLOCK = /\A\{(.*?)\}\z/m
+      OPTION = /\A\[(.*)\]\z/m
+      COMMANDS = /\\([a-zA-Z]+|[^a-zA-Z])/
+      WBSLASH = /\\\\/
+      BRACES = /\A([.|\[\]()<>])\z/
+    end
+
+    module Font
+      NORMAL = 0
+      BOLD = 1
+      BLACKBOLD = 2
+      SCRIPT = 3
+      FRAKTUR = 4
+      ROMAN = 5
+      BOLD_ITALIC = 6
+    end
+
+    class BlockNotClosed < StandardError; end
+    class NotEnvironment < StandardError; end
+    class EnvironmentNotEnd < StandardError; end
+    class NeedParameter < StandardError; end
+    class EndMismatchToBegin < StandardError; end
+    class OptionNotClosed < StandardError; end
+
+    class Scanner < StringScanner
+      def done
+        string[0, pos]
+      end
+
+      def scan_space
+        _scan(/#{RE::SPACE}+/)
+      end
+
+      def skip_space_and(check_mode)
+        opos = pos
+        scan_space
+        r = yield
+        self.pos = opos if check_mode || !r
+        r
+      end
+
+      unless instance_methods.include?('_eos?')
+        alias _eos? eos?
+        alias _check check
+        alias _scan scan
+      end
+
+      def check(re)
+        skip_space_and(true) { _check(re) }
+      end
+
+      def scan(re)
+        skip_space_and(false) { _scan(re) }
+      end
+
+      def eos?
+        _eos? || _check(/#{RE::SPACE}+\z/)
+      end
+
+      def check_command
+        check(RE::COMMANDS)
+      end
+
+      def scan_command
+        scan(RE::COMMANDS)
+      end
+
+      def peek_command
+        check_command ? self[1] : nil
+      end
+
+      def check_block
+        skip_space_and(true) { scan_block }
+      end
+
+      def scan_block
+        return nil unless scan(/\{/)
+
+        block = '{'
+        bpos = pos - 1
+        nest = 1
+        while _scan(/(#{MBEC}*?)([{}])/)
+          block << matched
+          case self[2]
+          when '{'
+            nest += 1
+          when '}'
+            nest -= 1
+            break if nest == 0
+          end
+        end
+        if nest > 0
+          self.pos = bpos
+          raise BlockNotClosed
+        end
+        self.pos = bpos
+        _scan(/\A\{(#{Regexp.escape(block[RE::BLOCK, 1].to_s)})\}/)
+      end
+
+      def check_any(remain_space = false)
+        skip_space_and(true) { scan_any(remain_space) }
+      end
+
+      def scan_any(remain_space = false)
+        p = pos
+        scan_space
+        r = remain_space ? matched.to_s : ''
+        case
+        when s = scan_block
+        when s = scan_command
+        else
+          unless _scan(/./) || remain_space
+            self.pos = p
+            return nil
+          end
+          s = matched.to_s
+        end
+        r + s
+      end
+
+      def scan_option
+        return nil unless scan(/\[/)
+
+        opt = '['
+        p = pos - 1
+        until (s = scan_any(true)) =~ /\A#{RE::SPACE}*\]\z/
+          opt << s
+          if eos?
+            self.pos = p
+            raise OptionNotClosed
+          end
+        end
+        opt << s
+        self.pos = p
+        _scan(/\A\[(#{Regexp.escape(opt[RE::OPTION, 1].to_s)})\]/)
+      end
+
+      def check_option
+        skip_space_and(true) { scan_option }
+      end
+    end
+
+    class ParseError < StandardError
+      attr_accessor :rest, :done
+
+      def initialize(message, rest = '', done = '')
+        @done = done
+        @rest = rest
+        super(message)
+      end
+
+      def inspect
+        "#{message} : '#{@done}' / '#{@rest}'\n" + backtrace[0..5].join("\n")
+      end
+    end
+
+    class Macro
+      class Command
+        attr_reader :num, :body, :option
+
+        def initialize(n, b, o)
+          @num = n
+          @body = b
+          @option = o
+        end
+      end
+
+      class Environment
+        attr_reader :num, :beginning, :ending, :option
+
+        def initialize(n, b, e, o)
+          @num = n
+          @beginning = b
+          @ending = e
+          @option = o
+        end
+      end
+
+      def initialize
+        @commands = {}
+        @environments = {}
+      end
+
+      def parse_error(message, rest = '', whole = nil)
+        rest = whole[/\A.*?(#{Regexp.escape(rest)}.*\z)/, 1] if whole
+        rest << @scanner.rest
+        done = @scanner.string[0, @scanner.string.size - rest.size]
+        ParseError.new(message, rest, done)
+      end
+
+      def parse(src)
+        @scanner = Scanner.new(src)
+        until @scanner.eos?
+          unless @scanner.scan_command
+            @scanner.scan_space
+            raise parse_error('Syntax error.')
+          end
+          case @scanner[1]
+          when 'newcommand'
+            parse_newcommand
+          when 'newenvironment'
+            parse_newenvironment
+          else
+            raise parse_error('Syntax error.', @scanner.matched)
+          end
+        end
+      rescue BlockNotClosed => e
+        raise parse_error('Block not closed.')
+      rescue OptionNotClosed => e
+        raise parse_error('Option not closed.')
+      end
+
+      def scan_num_of_parameter
+        if @scanner.scan_option
+          unless @scanner[1] =~ /\A#{RE::SPACE}*\d+#{RE::SPACE}*\z/
+            raise parse_error('Need positive number.',
+                              @scanner[1] + ']')
+          end
+
+          @scanner[1].to_i
+        else
+          0
+        end
+      end
+
+      def check_parameter_numbers(src, opt, whole)
+        s = Scanner.new(src)
+        until s.eos?
+          case
+          when s.scan(/#{MBEC}*?\#(\d+|.)/)
+            raise parse_error('Need positive number.') unless s[1] =~ /\d+/
+            raise parse_error("Parameter \# too large.", s[1] + s.rest, whole) if s[1].to_i > opt
+          else
+            return nil
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def parse_newcommand
+        if @scanner.scan_block
+          s = Scanner.new(@scanner[1])
+          raise parse_error('Need newcommand.', s.rest + '}') unless s.scan_command
+
+          com = s[1]
+          raise parse_error('Syntax error.', s.rest + '}') unless s.eos?
+        elsif @scanner.scan_command
+          s = Scanner.new(@scanner[1])
+          com = s.scan_command
+        else
+          raise parse_error('Need newcommand.')
+        end
+
+        optnum = scan_num_of_parameter
+        opt = @scanner.scan_option ? @scanner[1] : nil
+
+        body = if @scanner.scan_block
+                 @scanner[1]
+               elsif @scanner.scan_command
+                 @scanner.matched
+               else
+                 @scanner.scan(/./)
+               end
+
+        raise parse_error('Need parameter.') unless body
+
+        check_parameter_numbers(body, optnum, @scanner.matched)
+
+        optnum -= 1 if opt
+        @commands[com] = Command.new(optnum, body, opt)
+      end
+
+      def parse_newenvironment
+        if @scanner.scan_block
+          env = @scanner[1]
+        elsif @scanner.scan_command
+          raise ParseError
+        elsif @scanner.scan(/./)
+          env = @scanner.matched
+        end
+        raise parse_error('Syntax error.', env[/\A.*?(\\.*\z)/, 1], @scanner.matched) if env =~ /\\/
+
+        optnum = scan_num_of_parameter
+        opt = @scanner.scan_option ? @scanner[1] : nil
+
+        b = @scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any
+        raise parse_error('Need begin block.') unless b
+
+        check_parameter_numbers(b, optnum, @scanner.matched)
+        e = @scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any
+        raise parse_error('Need end block.') unless e
+
+        check_parameter_numbers(e, optnum, @scanner.matched)
+
+        optnum -= 1 if opt
+        @environments[env] = Environment.new(optnum, b, e, opt)
+      end
+
+      def commands(com)
+        @commands[com]
+      end
+
+      def expand_command(com, params, opt = nil)
+        return nil unless @commands.has_key?(com)
+
+        c = @commands[com]
+        opt = c.option if c.option && !opt
+        params.unshift(opt) if c.option
+        raise ParseError, 'Need more parameter.' if params.size < c.num
+
+        c.body.gsub(/(#{MBEC}*?)\#(\d+)/) do
+          $1.to_s << params[$2.to_i - 1]
+        end
+      end
+
+      def environments(env)
+        @environments[env]
+      end
+
+      def expand_environment(env, body, params, opt = nil)
+        return nil unless @environments.has_key?(env)
+
+        e = @environments[env]
+        opt = e.option if e.option && !opt
+        params.unshift(opt) if e.option
+        raise ParseError, 'Need more parameter.' if params.size < e.num
+
+        bg = e.beginning.gsub(/(#{MBEC}*?)\#(\d+)/) do
+          $1.to_s << params[$2.to_i - 1]
+        end
+
+        en = e.ending.gsub(/(#{MBEC}*?)\#(\d+)/) do
+          $1.to_s << params[$2.to_i - 1]
+        end
+
+        " #{bg} #{body} #{en} "
+      end
+    end
+
+    module BuiltinCommands; end
+    module BuiltinGroups; end
+    module BuiltinEnvironments; end
+
+    class Parser
+      class CircularReferenceCommand < StandardError; end
+
+      include LaTeX
+
+      include BuiltinEnvironments
+      include BuiltinGroups
+      include BuiltinCommands
+
+      BUILTIN_MACRO = <<~'EOS'
+        \newenvironment{smallmatrix}{\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}}
+        \newenvironment{pmatrix}{\left(\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}\right)}
+        \newenvironment{bmatrix}{\left[\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}\right]}
+        \newenvironment{Bmatrix}{\left\{\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}\right\}}
+        \newenvironment{vmatrix}{\left|\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}\right|}
+        \newenvironment{Vmatrix}{\left\|\begin{matrix}}{\end{matrix}\right\|}
+      EOS
+
+      attr_accessor :unsecure_entity
+      attr_reader :macro, :symbol_table
+
+      def initialize(opt = {})
+        @unsecure_entity = false
+        @entities = {}
+        @commands = {}
+        @symbols = {}
+        @delimiters = []
+        @group_begins = {}
+        @group_ends = {}
+        @macro = Macro.new
+        @macro.parse(BUILTIN_MACRO)
+        @expanded_command = []
+        @expanded_environment = []
+        @symbol_table = opt[:symbol] || MathML::Symbol::Default
+        @symbol_table = MathML::Symbol::MAP[@symbol_table] if @symbol_table.is_a?(::Symbol)
+
+        super()
+      end
+
+      def add_entity(list)
+        list.each do |i|
+          @entities[i] = true
+        end
+      end
+
+      def parse(src, displaystyle = false)
+        @ds = displaystyle
+        begin
+          parse_into(src, Math.new(@ds), Font::NORMAL)
+        rescue ParseError => e
+          e.done = src[0...(src.size - e.rest.size)]
+          raise
+        end
+      end
+
+      def push_container(container, scanner = @scanner, font = @font)
+        data = [@container, @scanner, @font]
+        @container = container
+        @scanner = scanner
+        @font = font
+        begin
+          yield container
+          container
+        ensure
+          @container, @scanner, @font = data
+        end
+      end
+
+      def add_plugin(plugin)
+        extend(plugin)
+      end
+
+      def add_commands(*a)
+        if a.size == 1 && a[0].is_a?(Hash)
+          @commands.merge!(a[0])
+        else
+          a.each { |i| @commands[i] = false }
+        end
+      end
+
+      def add_multi_command(m, *a)
+        a.each { |i| @commands[i] = m }
+      end
+
+      def add_sym_cmd(hash)
+        @symbols.merge!(hash)
+      end
+
+      def add_delimiter(list)
+        @delimiters.concat(list)
+      end
+
+      def add_group(begin_name, end_name, method = nil)
+        @group_begins[begin_name] = method
+        @group_ends[end_name] = begin_name
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def parse_into(src, parent, font = nil)
+        orig = [@scanner, @container, @font, @ds]
+        @scanner = Scanner.new(src)
+        @container = parent
+        @font = font if font
+        begin
+          @container << parse_to_element(true) until @scanner.eos?
+          @container
+        rescue BlockNotClosed => e
+          raise ParseError.new('Block not closed.', @scanner.rest)
+        rescue NotEnvironment => e
+          raise ParseError.new('Not environment.', @scanner.rest)
+        rescue EnvironmentNotEnd => e
+          raise ParseError.new('Environment not end.', @scanner.rest)
+        rescue OptionNotClosed => e
+          raise ParseError.new('Option not closed.', @scanner.rest)
+        rescue ParseError => e
+          e.rest += @scanner.rest.to_s
+          raise
+        ensure
+          @scanner, @container, @font, @ds = orig
+        end
+      end
+
+      def parse_any(message = 'Syntax error.')
+        raise ParseError, message unless @scanner.scan_any
+
+        s = @scanner
+        @scanner = Scanner.new(@scanner.matched)
+        begin
+          parse_to_element
+        ensure
+          @scanner = s
+        end
+      end
+
+      def parse_to_element(whole_group = false)
+        if whole_group && @group_begins.has_key?(@scanner.peek_command)
+          @scanner.scan_command
+          parse_group
+        elsif @scanner.scan(RE::NUMERICS)
+          parse_num
+        elsif @scanner.scan(RE::ALPHABETS)
+          parse_char
+        elsif @scanner.scan(RE::OPERATORS)
+          parse_operator
+        elsif @scanner.scan_block
+          parse_block
+        elsif @scanner.scan(/_/)
+          parse_sub
+        elsif @scanner.scan(/'+|\^/)
+          parse_sup
+        elsif @scanner.scan(/~/)
+          Space.new('1em')
+        elsif @scanner.scan_command
+          parse_command
+        else
+          raise ParseError, 'Syntax error.'
+        end
+      end
+
+      def parse_num
+        n = Number.new
+        n.extend(Variant).variant = Variant::BOLD if @font == Font::BOLD
+        n << @scanner.matched
+      end
+
+      def parse_char
+        c = @scanner.matched
+        i = Identifier.new
+        case @font
+        when Font::ROMAN
+          i.extend(Variant).variant = Variant::NORMAL
+        when Font::BOLD
+          i.extend(Variant).variant = Variant::BOLD
+        when Font::BOLD_ITALIC
+          i.extend(Variant).variant = Variant::BOLD_ITALIC
+        when Font::BLACKBOLD
+          c = symbol_table.convert("#{c}opf")
+        when Font::SCRIPT
+          c = symbol_table.convert("#{c}scr")
+        when Font::FRAKTUR
+          c = symbol_table.convert("#{c}fr")
+        end
+        i << c
+      end
+
+      def parse_operator
+        o = @scanner.matched
+        Operator.new.tap { |op| op[:stretchy] = 'false' } << o
+      end
+
+      def parse_block
+        os = @scanner
+        @scanner = Scanner.new(@scanner[1])
+        begin
+          push_container(Row.new) do |r|
+            r << parse_to_element(true) until @scanner.eos?
+          end
+        rescue ParseError => e
+          e.rest << '}'
+          raise
+        ensure
+          @scanner = os
+        end
+      end
+
+      def parse_sub
+        e = @container.pop
+        e ||= None.new
+        e = SubSup.new(@ds && e.display_style, e) unless e.is_a?(SubSup)
+        raise ParseError.new('Double subscript.', '_') if e.sub
+
+        e.sub = parse_any('Subscript not exist.')
+        e
+      end
+
+      def parse_sup
+        e = @container.pop
+        e ||= None.new
+        e = SubSup.new(@ds && e.display_style, e) unless e.is_a?(SubSup)
+        raise ParseError.new('Double superscript.', @scanner[0]) if e.sup
+
+        if /'+/=~@scanner[0]
+          prime = Operator.new
+          @scanner[0].size.times do
+            prime << symbol_table.convert('prime')
+          end
+          unless @scanner.scan(/\^/)
+            e.sup = prime
+            return e
+          end
+        end
+        sup = parse_any('Superscript not exist.')
+
+        if prime
+          unless sup.is_a?(Row)
+            r = Row.new
+            r << sup
+            sup = r
+          end
+          sup.contents.insert(0, prime)
+        end
+
+        e.sup = sup
+        e
+      end
+
+      def entitize(str)
+        MathML.pcstring(str.sub(/^(.*)$/) { "&#{$1};" }, true)
+      end
+
+      def parse_symbol_command(com, plain = false)
+        unless @symbols.include?(com)
+          @scanner.pos = @scanner.pos - (com.size + 1)
+          raise ParseError, 'Undefined command.'
+        end
+        data = @symbols[com]
+        return nil unless data
+
+        data, s = data
+        su = data[0]
+        el = data[1]
+        el ||= :o
+        s ||= com.dup.to_sym
+        s = com if s.is_a?(String) && s.length == 0
+
+        case el
+        when :I
+          el = Identifier.new
+        when :i
+          el = Identifier.new
+          el.extend(Variant).variant = Variant::NORMAL unless s.is_a?(String) && s.length > 1
+        when :o
+          el = Operator.new
+          el[:stretchy] = 'false'
+        when :n
+          el = Number.new
+        else
+          raise ParseError, 'Inner data broken.'
+        end
+
+        case s
+        when Integer
+          s = MathML.pcstring("&\#x#{s.to_s(16)};", true)
+        when ::Symbol
+          s = symbol_table.convert(s)
+        else
+          MathML.pcstring(s, true)
+        end
+
+        return s if plain
+
+        el << s
+        el.as_display_style if su == :u
+        el
+      end
+
+      def parse_command
+        com = @scanner[1]
+        matched = @scanner.matched
+        pos = @scanner.pos - matched.size
+        macro = @macro.commands(com)
+        if macro
+          begin
+            flg = @expanded_command.include?(com)
+            @expanded_command.push(com)
+            raise CircularReferenceCommand if flg
+
+            option = macro.option && @scanner.scan_option ? @scanner[1] : nil
+            params = []
+            (1..macro.num).each do
+              params << (@scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any)
+              raise ParseError, 'Need more parameter.' unless params.last
+            end
+            r = parse_into(@macro.expand_command(com, params, option), [])
+            return r
+          rescue CircularReferenceCommand
+            if @expanded_command.size > 1
+              raise
+            else
+              @scanner.pos = pos
+              raise ParseError, 'Circular reference.'
+            end
+          rescue ParseError => e
+            if @expanded_command.size > 1
+              raise
+            else
+              @scanner.pos = pos
+              raise ParseError, %[Error in macro(#{e.message} "#{e.rest.strip}").]
+            end
+          ensure
+            @expanded_command.pop
+          end
+        elsif @commands.key?(com)
+          m = @commands[com]
+          m ||= com
+          return __send__("cmd_#{m}")
+        end
+        parse_symbol_command(com)
+      end
+
+      def parse_mathfont(font)
+        f = @font
+        @font = font
+        begin
+          push_container(Row.new) { |r| r << parse_any }
+        ensure
+          @font = f
+        end
+      end
+
+      def parse_group
+        font = @font
+        begin
+          g = @group_begins[@scanner[1]]
+          g ||= @scanner[1]
+          __send__("grp_#{g}")
+        ensure
+          @font = font
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    module BuiltinCommands
+      OVERS = { 'hat' => 'circ', 'breve' => 'smile', 'grave' => 'grave',
+                'acute' => 'acute', 'dot' => 'sdot', 'ddot' => 'nldr', 'dddot' => 'mldr', 'tilde' => 'tilde',
+                'bar' => 'macr', 'vec' => 'rightarrow', 'check' => 'vee', 'widehat' => 'circ',
+                'overline' => 'macr', 'widetilde' => 'tilde', 'overbrace' => 'OverBrace' }
+      UNDERS = { 'underbrace' => 'UnderBrace', 'underline' => 'macr' }
+
+      def initialize
+        add_commands('\\' => :backslash)
+        add_commands('entity', 'stackrel', 'frac', 'sqrt', 'mbox')
+        add_multi_command(:hat_etc, *OVERS.keys)
+        add_multi_command(:underbrace_etc, *UNDERS.keys)
+        add_multi_command(:quad_etc, ' ', 'quad', 'qquad', ',', ':', ';', '!')
+        add_multi_command(:it_etc, 'it', 'rm', 'bf')
+        add_multi_command(:mathit_etc, 'mathit', 'mathrm', 'mathbf', 'bm', 'mathbb', 'mathscr', 'mathfrak')
+        add_sym_cmd(Builtin::Symbol::MAP)
+        add_delimiter(Builtin::Symbol::DELIMITERS)
+
+        super
+      end
+
+      def cmd_backslash
+        @ds ? nil : XMLElement.new('br', 'xmlns' => 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml')
+      end
+
+      def cmd_hat_etc
+        com = @scanner[1]
+        Over.new(parse_any, Operator.new << entitize(OVERS[com]))
+      end
+
+      def cmd_underbrace_etc
+        com = @scanner[1]
+        Under.new(parse_any, Operator.new << entitize(UNDERS[com]))
+      end
+
+      def cmd_entity
+        param = @scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan(/./)
+        raise ParseError, 'Need parameter.' unless param
+
+        unless @unsecure_entity || @entities[param]
+          param = @scanner.matched[/\A\{#{RE::SPACE}*(.*\})\z/, 1] if @scanner.matched =~ RE::BLOCK
+          @scanner.pos = @scanner.pos - param.size
+          raise ParseError, 'Unregistered entity.'
+        end
+        Operator.new << entitize(param)
+      end
+
+      def cmd_stackrel
+        o = parse_any
+        b = parse_any
+        Over.new(b, o)
+      end
+
+      def cmd_quad_etc
+        case @scanner[1]
+        when ' '
+          Space.new('1em')
+        when 'quad'
+          Space.new('1em')
+        when 'qquad'
+          Space.new('2em')
+        when ','
+          Space.new('0.167em')
+        when ':'
+          Space.new('0.222em')
+        when ';'
+          Space.new('0.278em')
+        when '!'
+          Space.new('-0.167em')
+        end
+      end
+
+      def cmd_it_etc
+        case @scanner[1]
+        when 'it'
+          @font = Font::NORMAL
+        when 'rm'
+          @font = Font::ROMAN
+        when 'bf'
+          @font = Font::BOLD
+        end
+        nil
+      end
+
+      def cmd_mathit_etc
+        case @scanner[1]
+        when 'mathit'
+          parse_mathfont(Font::NORMAL)
+        when 'mathrm'
+          parse_mathfont(Font::ROMAN)
+        when 'mathbf'
+          parse_mathfont(Font::BOLD)
+        when 'bm'
+          parse_mathfont(Font::BOLD_ITALIC)
+        when 'mathbb'
+          parse_mathfont(Font::BLACKBOLD)
+        when 'mathscr'
+          parse_mathfont(Font::SCRIPT)
+        when 'mathfrak'
+          parse_mathfont(Font::FRAKTUR)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def cmd_frac
+        n = parse_any
+        d = parse_any
+        Frac.new(n, d)
+      end
+
+      def cmd_sqrt
+        if @scanner.scan_option
+          i = parse_into(@scanner[1], [])
+          i = i.size == 1 ? i[0] : (Row.new << i)
+          b = parse_any
+          Root.new(i, b)
+        else
+          Sqrt.new << parse_any
+        end
+      end
+
+      def cmd_mbox
+        @scanner.scan_any
+        Text.new << (@scanner.matched =~ RE::BLOCK ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.matched)
+      end
+    end
+
+    module BuiltinGroups
+      class CircularReferenceEnvironment < StandardError; end
+
+      def initialize
+        add_group('begin', 'end')
+        add_group('left', 'right', :left_etc)
+        add_group('bigg', 'bigg', :left_etc)
+        @environments = {}
+
+        super
+      end
+
+      def add_environment(*a)
+        @environments ||= {}
+        if a.size == 1 && a[0].is_a?(Hash)
+          @environments.merge!(hash)
+        else
+          a.each { |i| @environments[i] = false }
+        end
+      end
+
+      def grp_begin
+        matched = @scanner.matched
+        begin_pos = @scanner.pos - matched.size
+        en = @scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any
+        raise ParseError, 'Environment name not exist.' unless en
+
+        macro = @macro.environments(en)
+        if macro
+          begin
+            flg = @expanded_environment.include?(en)
+            @expanded_environment.push(en)
+            raise CircularReferenceEnvironment if flg
+
+            pos = @scanner.pos
+            option = macro.option && @scanner.scan_option ? @scanner[1] : nil
+            params = []
+            (1..macro.num).each do
+              params << (@scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any)
+              raise ParseError, 'Need more parameter.' unless params.last
+            end
+            body = ''
+            grpnest = 0
+            until @scanner.peek_command == 'end' && grpnest == 0
+              if @scanner.eos?
+                @scanner.pos = pos
+                raise ParseError, 'Matching \end not exist.'
+              end
+              com = @scanner.peek_command
+              grpnest += 1 if @group_begins.has_key?(com)
+              grpnest -= 1 if @group_ends.has_key?(com) && @group_begins[com]
+              raise ParseError, 'Syntax error.' if grpnest < 0
+
+              body << @scanner.scan_any(true)
+            end
+            @scanner.scan_command
+            unless en == (@scanner.scan_block ? @scanner[1] : @scanner.scan_any)
+              raise ParseError.new('Environment mismatched.',
+                                   @scanner.matched)
+            end
+
+            begin
+              return parse_into(@macro.expand_environment(en, body, params, option), [])
+            rescue CircularReferenceEnvironment
+              if @expanded_environment.size > 1
+                raise
+              else
+                @scanner.pos = begin_pos
+                raise ParseError, 'Circular reference.'
+              end
+            rescue ParseError => e
+              if @expanded_environment.size > 1
+                raise
+              else
+                @scanner.pos = begin_pos
+                raise ParseError, %[Error in macro(#{e.message} "#{e.rest.strip}").]
+              end
+            end
+          ensure
+            @expanded_environment.pop
+          end
+        end
+
+        raise ParseError, 'Undefined environment.' unless @environments.has_key?(en)
+
+        e = @environments[en]
+        e ||= en # default method name
+        __send__("env_#{e}")
+      end
+
+      def grp_left_etc
+        right =
+          case @scanner[1]
+          when 'left'
+            'right'
+          when 'bigg'
+            'bigg'
+          end
+
+        f = Fenced.new
+        p = @scanner.pos
+        o = @scanner.scan_any
+        raise ParseError, 'Need brace here.' unless o && (o =~ RE::BRACES || @delimiters.include?(o[RE::COMMANDS, 1]))
+
+        f.open = (o =~ RE::BRACES ? o : parse_symbol_command(o[RE::COMMANDS, 1], true))
+        f << push_container(Row.new) do |r|
+          until @scanner.peek_command == right
+            if @scanner.eos?
+              @scanner.pos = p
+              raise ParseError, 'Brace not closed.'
+            end
+            r << parse_to_element(true)
+          end
+        end
+        @scanner.scan_command # skip right
+        c = @scanner.scan_any
+        raise ParseError, 'Need brace here.' unless c =~ RE::BRACES || @delimiters.include?(c[RE::COMMANDS, 1])
+
+        f.close = (c =~ RE::BRACES ? c : parse_symbol_command(c[RE::COMMANDS, 1], true))
+        f
+      end
+    end
+
+    module BuiltinEnvironments
+      def initialize
+        add_environment('array', 'matrix')
+
+        super
+      end
+
+      def env_array
+        layout = @scanner.scan_block ? @scanner.matched : @scanner.scan(/./)
+        l = Scanner.new(layout =~ RE::BLOCK ? layout[RE::BLOCK, 1] : layout)
+        t = Table.new
+        aligns = []
+        vlines = []
+        vlined = l.check(/\|/)
+        columned = false
+        until l.eos?
+          c = l.scan_any
+          unless c =~ /[clr|@]/
+            raise ParseError.new(
+              'Syntax error.',
+              layout[/\A.*(#{Regexp.escape(c + l.rest)}.*\z)/m, 1]
+            )
+          end
+
+          if c == '|'
+            aligns << Align::CENTER if vlined
+            vlines << Line::SOLID
+            vlined = true
+            columned = false
+          else
+            vlines << Line::NONE if columned
+            vlined = false
+            columned = true
+            case c
+            when 'l'
+              aligns << Align::LEFT
+            when 'c'
+              aligns << Align::CENTER
+            when 'r'
+              aligns << Align::RIGHT
+            when '@'
+              aligns << Align::CENTER
+              l.scan_any
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        t.aligns = aligns
+        t.vlines = vlines
+
+        layout = layout[RE::BLOCK, 1] if layout =~ RE::BLOCK
+        raise ParseError, 'Need parameter here.' if layout == ''
+
+        hlines = []
+        row_parsed = false
+        hlined = false
+        until @scanner.peek_command == 'end'
+          raise ParseError, 'Matching \end not exist.' if @scanner.eos?
+
+          if @scanner.peek_command == 'hline'
+            @scanner.scan_command
+            t << Tr.new unless row_parsed
+            hlines << Line::SOLID
+            row_parsed = false
+            hlined = true
+          else
+            hlines << Line::NONE if row_parsed
+            t << env_array_row(l.string)
+            @scanner.scan(RE::WBSLASH)
+            row_parsed = true
+            hlined = false
+          end
+        end
+        t.hlines = hlines
+
+        if hlined
+          tr = Tr.new
+          (0..vlines.size).each { |_i| tr << Td.new }
+          t << tr
+        end
+
+        @scanner.scan_command
+        raise ParseError, 'Environment mismatched.' unless @scanner.check_block && @scanner[1] == 'array'
+
+        @scanner.scan_block
+        t
+      end
+
+      def env_array_row(layout)
+        l = Scanner.new(layout)
+        r = Tr.new
+        first_column = true
+        vlined = l.check(/\|/)
+        until l.eos?
+          c = l.scan(/./)
+          if c == '|'
+            r << Td.new if vlined
+            vlined = true
+            next
+          else
+            vlined = false
+            case c
+            when 'r', 'l', 'c'
+            when '@'
+              r << parse_into(l.scan_any, Td.new)
+              next
+            end
+            if first_column
+              first_column = false
+            else
+              raise ParseError.new('Need more column.', @scanner.matched.to_s) unless @scanner.scan(/&/)
+            end
+            r << push_container(Td.new) do |td|
+              td << parse_to_element(true) until @scanner.peek_command == 'end' ||
+                                                 @scanner.check(/(&|\\\\)/) || @scanner.eos?
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        r << Td.new if vlined
+        raise ParseError, 'Too many column.' if @scanner.check(/&/)
+
+        r
+      end
+
+      def env_matrix
+        t = Table.new
+        hlines = []
+        hlined = false
+        row_parsed = false
+        until @scanner.peek_command == 'end'
+          raise ParseError, 'Matching \end not exist.' if @scanner.eos?
+
+          if @scanner.peek_command == 'hline'
+            @scanner.scan_command
+            t << Tr.new unless row_parsed
+            hlines << Line::SOLID
+            row_parsed = false
+            hlined = true
+          else
+            hlines << Line::NONE if row_parsed
+            t << (r = Tr.new)
+            r << (td = Td.new)
+            until @scanner.check(RE::WBSLASH) || @scanner.peek_command == 'end' || @scanner.eos?
+              push_container(td) do |e|
+                e << parse_to_element(true) until @scanner.peek_command == 'end' ||
+                                                  @scanner.check(/(&|\\\\)/) || @scanner.eos?
+              end
+              r << (td = Td.new) if @scanner.scan(/&/)
+            end
+            @scanner.scan(RE::WBSLASH)
+            row_parsed = true
+            hlined = false
+          end
+        end
+        t.hlines = hlines
+
+        t << Tr.new if hlined
+
+        raise ParseError, 'Need \\end{array}.' unless @scanner.peek_command == 'end'
+
+        @scanner.scan_command
+        raise ParseError, 'Environment mismatched.' unless @scanner.check_block && @scanner[1] == 'matrix'
+
+        @scanner.scan_block
+        t
+      end
+
+      def env_matrix_row
+        r = Tr.new
+        until @scanner.check(RE::WBSLASH) || @scanner.peek_command == 'end'
+          r << push_container(Td.new) do |td|
+            td << parse_to_element(true) until @scanner.peek_command == 'end' ||
+                                               @scanner.check(/(&|\\\\)/) || @scanner.eos?
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end