makiri 0.1.0-x86_64-linux

data/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+                                 Apache License
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+                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
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+
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+      any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
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+      the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
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+
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data/NOTICE

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+Makiri
+Copyright 2026 Makiri contributors
+
+This product includes software developed by:
+
+* Lexbor (vendored as a git submodule under vendor/lexbor)
+  Copyright (C) Alexander Borisov
+  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  https://lexbor.com / https://github.com/lexbor/lexbor
+
+The XPath 1.0 engine under ext/makiri/xpath/ is an original implementation
+written for this project. No code is derived from libxml2 or libxslt.

data/README.md

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+# Makiri
+
+Standards-oriented HTML5 parsing, CSS selector querying, and XPath 1.0
+querying for Ruby, powered by Lexbor and a native XPath engine.
+
+> [!WARNING]
+> Status: early release. APIs and behavior may change before v1.0.
+
+## What / Why
+
+Makiri uses Lexbor for HTML5 parsing and CSS selector support, and implements
+XPath 1.0 evaluation in its own native engine, with no libxml2 dependency.
+
+* HTML5 parsing via [Lexbor](https://lexbor.com)
+  * Makiri uses Lexbor as the parsing backend and provides a Ruby-facing DOM/query layer.
+  * Lexbor-specific behavior is isolated in a thin compatibility layer
+    (`ext/makiri/lexbor_compat/`).
+* CSS selector support via Lexbor
+  * Supports Lexbor-backed standard CSS selector querying, including `:is`/`:where`/`:has`
+* Native XPath 1.0 engine
+  * XPath is parsed and evaluated by Makiri's own engine, written from scratch.
+  * Makiri does not depend on libxml2 for parsing, DOM representation, or XPath evaluation.
+* Bounded, fail-closed execution
+  * XPath evaluation is bounded by per-evaluation limits on work, memory, and recursion.
+  * Ownership and borrowing are kept explicit across layers, with owned/borrowed
+    string types and verified text at engine boundaries.
+  * Programmatic invalid input, limit violations, allocation failures, and unsupported constructs
+    fail closed instead of producing partial or silently truncated results.
+
+## Usage
+
+```ruby
+require "makiri"
+
+doc = Makiri::HTML(<<~HTML)
+  <html><body>
+    <div id="main" class="container">
+      <p class="lead">Hello</p>
+      <a href="/a">one</a>
+      <a href="/b">two</a>
+    </div>
+  </body></html>
+HTML
+
+# CSS selectors (Lexbor's selector engine)
+doc.css("a").map { |a| a["href"] }      # => ["/a", "/b"]
+doc.at_css("p.lead").text               # => "Hello"
+
+# XPath 1.0 (native engine — no libxml2)
+doc.xpath("//a").length                 # => 2
+doc.xpath("count(//a)")                 # => 2.0
+doc.at_xpath('//*[@id="main"]/p').text  # => "Hello"
+
+# Attributes and navigation
+link = doc.at_css("a")
+link["href"]                            # => "/a"
+link.parent.name                        # => "div"
+
+# Source location (reconstructed from the tokenizer, no Lexbor patches)
+doc.at_css("p").line                    # => 3
+
+# Serialization
+doc.at_css("#main").to_html             # => "<div id=\"main\" ...>...</div>"
+doc.at_css("#main").inner_html          # => "\n    <p class=\"lead\">Hello</p>\n..."
+```
+
+### XPathContext (namespaces and variables)
+
+```ruby
+ctx = Makiri::XPathContext.new(doc)
+ctx.register_variable("cls", "lead")
+ctx.evaluate('//p[@class=$cls]').first.text   # => "Hello"
+```
+
+## Non-goals (v1.0)
+
+* XML parsing (HTML only).
+* XSLT, DTD / Schema / RelaxNG validation, XPointer, XInclude.
+* Streaming / SAX parsing.
+* Drop-in replacement for every Nokogiri method. Makiri covers the common
+  HTML-scraping and manipulation surface. Deliberately not provided:
+  - XML/XHTML serialization variants (`to_xml`, `to_xhtml`, `write_xml_to`)
+  - XML/DTD construction (`create_internal_subset`, `external_subset`)
+  - namespace introspection beyond `namespace-uri()` (`namespace_definitions`, `add_namespace`, `collect_namespaces`)
+  - Nokogiri internals (`decorate`, `slop!`, `validate`).
+
+## Differences from Nokogiri
+
+Makiri targets a Nokogiri-compatible API, but a few query behaviours differ.
+Detailed, test-backed notes live in `spec/conformance/README.md`.
+
+### XPath
+
+* The `namespace::` axis is not implemented
+  * It raises `Makiri::Error` rather than returning a silently-empty result.
+  * Nokogiri (libxml2) supports it (for `<svg>` in HTML it yields the `xml` and `svg` namespace nodes).
+    For an element's namespace use `namespace-uri()` / `local-name()`, which are implemented.
+* Unprefixed name tests are namespace-strict by default (HTML5/WHATWG-faithful, like browsers' `document.evaluate` and `Nokogiri::HTML5`)
+  * `//div` matches, but foreign elements need a registered prefix (`//svg:path`).
+    Pass `namespace_matching: :lax` to `Node#xpath` / `XPathContext.new` for the
+    namespace-agnostic match where `//path` finds an SVG element (the
+    `Nokogiri::HTML`/libxml2-HTML4 behaviour).
+* `namespace-uri()` of an HTML element returns the XHTML URI (DOM-correct, as browsers report)
+  * `Nokogiri::HTML5` returns `""`.
+
+### CSS
+
+* jQuery/Nokogiri CSS extensions are not supported (`:contains`, `:gt`, `:lt`, `:eq`, `:first`, …)
+  * Makiri uses Lexbor's standards-only selector engine.
+    Use XPath (`xpath("//p[contains(., 'x')]")`) or Enumerable (`css('li')[1]`).
+    Standard Level-4 selectors (`:is` / `:where` / `:has`) are supported; some of which Nokogiri rejects.
+* Type selectors are ASCII case-insensitive (CSS-correct for HTML; `LI` matches `<li>`)
+  * `Nokogiri::HTML5` is case-sensitive there.
+* Class/ID selectors are matched case-insensitively regardless of quirks mode (a Lexbor behaviour)
+  * In a no-quirks document browsers and `Nokogiri::HTML5` match them case-sensitively.
+
+## Requirements
+
+* CRuby 3.2 or newer.
+* CMake (to build vendored Lexbor at install time).
+* C99 toolchain.
+
+## Build (development)
+
+```sh
+git submodule update --init --recursive
+bundle install
+bundle exec rake compile
+bundle exec rake spec
+```
+
+## License
+
+Apache License 2.0. See [LICENSE](LICENSE) and [NOTICE](NOTICE).

data/Rakefile

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+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "bundler/gem_tasks"
+require "rspec/core/rake_task"
+require "rake/extensiontask"
+require "shellwords"
+
+GEMSPEC = Gem::Specification.load("makiri.gemspec")
+
+Rake::ExtensionTask.new("makiri", GEMSPEC) do |ext|
+  ext.lib_dir       = "lib/makiri"
+  ext.ext_dir       = "ext/makiri"
+  ext.source_pattern = "**/*.{c,h}"
+end
+
+RSpec::Core::RakeTask.new(:spec)
+
+task default: %i[compile spec]
+
+namespace :security do
+  desc "Run mechanical C safety lint over ext/makiri"
+  task :clint do
+    sh FileUtils::RUBY, "script/check_c_safety.rb", *Shellwords.split(ENV.fetch("C_LINT_ARGS", ""))
+  end
+end
+
+# `rake clean` (from rake-compiler) removes the ext build dir under tmp/,
+# including the generated Makefile. The next `rake compile` re-runs extconf,
+# so newly-added .c files are picked up — without this, a stale Makefile omits
+# new sources and macOS's -undefined dynamic_lookup turns the missing symbols
+# into runtime NULL calls. The vendored Lexbor build is deliberately NOT wiped
+# here (it is slow to rebuild and rarely changes); use `rake clean:lexbor` for
+# a from-scratch Lexbor build.
+#
+#   rake clean compile     # regenerate ext Makefile + recompile (fast)
+#   rake clean:lexbor      # force a full Lexbor rebuild next compile
+
+namespace :clean do
+  desc "Remove the vendored Lexbor build/install output (forces a full rebuild)"
+  task :lexbor do
+    require "fileutils"
+    FileUtils.rm_rf("vendor/lexbor/build")
+    FileUtils.rm_rf("vendor/lexbor/dist")
+  end
+end
+
+# Locate the AddressSanitizer runtime shared library for the active compiler, so
+# it can be preloaded ahead of Ruby (sanitized extensions dlopen'd late
+# otherwise abort with "ASan runtime does not come first").
+def asan_runtime_path
+  cc = RbConfig::CONFIG["CC"] || "cc"
+  names =
+    if RbConfig::CONFIG["target_os"] =~ /darwin/
+      %w[libclang_rt.asan_osx_dynamic.dylib]
+    else
+      arch = RUBY_PLATFORM[/x86_64|aarch64|arm64/] || "x86_64"
+      ["libasan.so", "libclang_rt.asan-#{arch}.so", "libclang_rt.asan.so"]
+    end
+  names.each do |name|
+    path = `#{cc} -print-file-name=#{name} 2>/dev/null`.strip
+    return path if path != name && !path.empty? && File.exist?(path)
+  end
+  nil
+end
+
+desc "Build the extension with sanitizers (MAKIRI_SANITIZE, default " \
+     "address,undefined) and run the spec suite under them"
+task :sanitize do
+  sanitize = ENV["MAKIRI_SANITIZE"] || "address,undefined"
+  sh({ "MAKIRI_SANITIZE" => sanitize }, "#{FileUtils::RUBY} -S rake clean compile")
+
+  env = {
+    # LeakSanitizer would flag Ruby's intentional caches; the interpreter is not
+    # instrumented, so silence the noise and keep real heap/UB findings fatal.
+    "ASAN_OPTIONS"  => "detect_leaks=0:detect_container_overflow=0:" \
+                       "detect_odr_violation=0:abort_on_error=1:halt_on_error=1",
+    "UBSAN_OPTIONS" => "print_stacktrace=1:halt_on_error=1",
+  }
+  if sanitize.include?("address")
+    runtime = asan_runtime_path or
+      abort "sanitize: could not locate the ASan runtime for #{RbConfig::CONFIG['CC']}"
+    preload = RbConfig::CONFIG["target_os"] =~ /darwin/ ? "DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES" : "LD_PRELOAD"
+    env[preload] = runtime
+    puts "sanitize: preloading #{runtime} via #{preload}"
+  end
+
+  sh(env, "#{FileUtils::RUBY} -S rspec")
+end
+
+desc "Run the robustness fuzzer (override options via FUZZ_ARGS)"
+task fuzz: :compile do
+  sh "#{FileUtils::RUBY} -Ilib spec/fuzz/run.rb #{ENV['FUZZ_ARGS']}"
+end
+
+desc "Run the performance benchmark (Makiri vs Nokogiri reference)"
+task bench: :compile do
+  # Run outside the bundle so the bench-only gems (nokogiri, benchmark-ips)
+  # resolve from system RubyGems without polluting the runtime dependency set.
+  Bundler.with_unbundled_env do
+    sh "#{FileUtils::RUBY} -Ilib bench/bench.rb"
+  end
+end
+
+namespace :conformance do
+  desc "WHATWG HTML5 parsing conformance: run html5lib-tests through Makiri"
+  task html5: :compile do
+    sh "#{FileUtils::RUBY} -Ilib spec/conformance/html5lib_runner.rb #{ENV['H5_ARGS']}"
+  end
+
+  desc "XPath 1.0 differential conformance vs Nokogiri (libxml2 reference)"
+  task xpath: :compile do
+    # Like `bench`, run outside the bundle so the bench-only Nokogiri resolves
+    # from system RubyGems without entering the runtime dependency set.
+    Bundler.with_unbundled_env do
+      sh "#{FileUtils::RUBY} -Ilib spec/conformance/xpath_diff.rb #{ENV['XPATH_ARGS']}"
+    end
+  end
+
+  desc "CSS Selectors differential conformance vs Nokogiri::HTML5"
+  task css: :compile do
+    Bundler.with_unbundled_env do
+      sh "#{FileUtils::RUBY} -Ilib spec/conformance/css_diff.rb #{ENV['CSS_ARGS']}"
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+desc "Run all conformance suites (html5lib-tests + XPath & CSS differentials)"
+task conformance: %w[conformance:html5 conformance:xpath conformance:css]
+
+namespace :fuzz do
+  desc "Run the fuzzer under AddressSanitizer (rebuilds the ext; --isolated)"
+  task :sanitize do
+    sanitize = ENV["MAKIRI_SANITIZE"] || "address,undefined"
+    sh({ "MAKIRI_SANITIZE" => sanitize }, "#{FileUtils::RUBY} -S rake clean compile")
+
+    env = {
+      "ASAN_OPTIONS"  => "detect_leaks=0:detect_container_overflow=0:" \
+                         "detect_odr_violation=0:abort_on_error=1:halt_on_error=1",
+      "UBSAN_OPTIONS" => "print_stacktrace=1:halt_on_error=1",
+    }
+    if sanitize.include?("address")
+      runtime = asan_runtime_path or
+        abort "fuzz:sanitize: could not locate the ASan runtime"
+      preload = RbConfig::CONFIG["target_os"] =~ /darwin/ ? "DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES" : "LD_PRELOAD"
+      env[preload] = runtime
+    end
+    args = ENV["FUZZ_ARGS"] || "--isolated --time 120"
+    sh(env, "#{FileUtils::RUBY} -Ilib spec/fuzz/run.rb #{args}")
+  end
+end

data/lib/makiri/attribute.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Makiri
+  # An attribute node. Most of the API lives in C (#name, #value).
+  #
+  # An attribute knows its owning element through the document's lazily-built
+  # attr->owner index, exposed as both #parent and #element.
+  class Attribute < Node
+    # The element this attribute belongs to, or nil if detached.
+    # @return [Makiri::Element, nil]
+    alias element parent
+  end
+end

data/lib/makiri/cdata.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Makiri
+  class CData < Node
+  end
+end

data/lib/makiri/comment.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Makiri
+  class Comment < Node
+  end
+end

data/lib/makiri/css.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Makiri
+  # CSS selector support. Queries are served by Lexbor's selector engine via
+  # {Makiri::Node#css} / {Makiri::Node#at_css}; this module only defines the
+  # error type. See ext/makiri/glue/ruby_css.c.
+  module CSS
+    # Raised when a CSS selector string fails to parse.
+    class SyntaxError < ::Makiri::Error; end
+  end
+end

data/lib/makiri/document.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Makiri
+  # Root container for a parsed HTML document.
+  class Document < Node
+    # Parse +source+ as HTML5 and return a Document.
+    #
+    # +source+ may be a String or any object responding to +#read+ (e.g. an
+    # IO). The native parser (#_parse) expects UTF-8 bytes. Source locations
+    # for {Node#line} are always tracked (the cost is negligible).
+    #
+    # @param source [String, #read]
+    # @return [Makiri::Document]
+    def self.parse(source)
+      source = source.read if source.respond_to?(:read)
+      _parse(String(source))
+    end
+
+    # The document's <body> element, or nil.
+    # @return [Makiri::Element, nil]
+    def body
+      at_css("body")
+    end
+
+    # The document's <head> element, or nil.
+    # @return [Makiri::Element, nil]
+    def head
+      at_css("head")
+    end
+
+    # Set the document title, creating <title> (in <head>) if absent.
+    # @param text [String]
+    # @return [String]
+    def title=(text)
+      t = at_css("title")
+      unless t
+        t = Element.new("title", self)
+        (head || root).add_child(t)
+      end
+      t.content = text
+      text
+    end
+
+    # Makiri parses and stores everything as UTF-8 (callers decode bytes before
+    # parsing), so the in-memory encoding is always UTF-8.
+    # @return [String]
+    def encoding
+      "UTF-8"
+    end
+
+    # The charset declared in the document's markup, or nil. Reads
+    # <meta charset> first, then <meta http-equiv="Content-Type">.
+    # @return [String, nil]
+    def meta_encoding
+      if (m = at_css("meta[charset]"))
+        return m["charset"]
+      end
+
+      css("meta").each do |meta|
+        http_equiv = meta["http-equiv"]
+        next unless http_equiv&.downcase == "content-type"
+
+        content = meta["content"].to_s
+        return Regexp.last_match(1) if content =~ /charset\s*=\s*"?([^\s;"]+)/i
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    # Set (or insert) a <meta charset> declaration.
+    # @param value [String]
+    # @return [String]
+    def meta_encoding=(value)
+      meta = at_css("meta[charset]")
+      unless meta
+        meta = Element.new("meta", self)
+        (head || root).add_child(meta)
+      end
+      meta["charset"] = value
+      value
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/makiri/document_fragment.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Makiri
+  # A detached group of sibling nodes. Build one with {.parse} (its own backing
+  # document) or {Makiri::Document#fragment} (bound to an existing document, so
+  # its nodes can be spliced in with {Node#add_child} and friends). Inserting a
+  # fragment contributes its children, not the fragment node itself.
+  #
+  # Both +.parse+ and +Document#fragment+ accept a Nokogiri-compatible
+  # <tt>context:</tt> keyword naming the element the HTML is parsed inside of
+  # (the fragment-parsing algorithm is context-sensitive). It may be:
+  #   * a tag-name String (HTML namespace), e.g. <tt>context: "tr"</tt>; the
+  #     bare strings <tt>"svg"</tt> / <tt>"math"</tt> name the foreign roots;
+  #   * a {Makiri::Node} element — its tag and namespace are used (the way to
+  #     reach a foreign non-root context such as an SVG <desc>).
+  # The default context is <tt><body></tt>. See also {Makiri::Node#parse}.
+  #
+  # +.parse+ is defined in C (ext/makiri/glue/ruby_doc.c).
+  class DocumentFragment < Node
+  end
+end

data/lib/makiri/document_type.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Makiri
+  # A `<!DOCTYPE ...>` node. Reachable via {Document#internal_subset} or as a
+  # child of the document. Exposes the doctype name (via {Node#name}) and its
+  # public/system identifiers; XPath cannot reach it (XPath 1.0 has no doctype
+  # node type), matching Nokogiri/libxml2.
+  class DocumentType < Node
+    # @return [String, nil] the public identifier, or nil if absent. An empty
+    #   `PUBLIC ""` literal returns "".
+    # `public_id`, `external_id` (Nokogiri-compatible alias), and `system_id`
+    # are defined in the C extension.
+  end
+end

data/lib/makiri/element.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Makiri
+  # An HTML element node. Attribute access lives in C.
+  class Element < Node
+    # Create a detached element named +name+ owned by +document+ (Nokogiri-style
+    # constructor; delegates to {Document#create_element}). Attach it with
+    # {Node#add_child} and friends.
+    #
+    # @param name [String]
+    # @param document [Makiri::Document]
+    # @return [Makiri::Element]
+    def self.new(name, document)
+      document.create_element(name)
+    end
+  end
+end