linguistics 1.0.9 → 2.0.0

This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
Files changed (69) hide show
  1. data.tar.gz.sig +0 -0
  2. data/.gemtest +0 -0
  3. data/ChangeLog +849 -342
  4. data/History.rdoc +11 -0
  5. data/LICENSE +9 -9
  6. data/Manifest.txt +44 -0
  7. data/README.rdoc +226 -0
  8. data/Rakefile +32 -349
  9. data/examples/endocs.rb +272 -0
  10. data/examples/generalize_sentence.rb +2 -1
  11. data/examples/klingon.rb +22 -0
  12. data/lib/linguistics.rb +130 -292
  13. data/lib/linguistics/en.rb +337 -1628
  14. data/lib/linguistics/en/articles.rb +138 -0
  15. data/lib/linguistics/en/conjugation.rb +2245 -0
  16. data/lib/linguistics/en/conjunctions.rb +202 -0
  17. data/lib/linguistics/en/{infinitive.rb → infinitives.rb} +41 -55
  18. data/lib/linguistics/en/linkparser.rb +41 -49
  19. data/lib/linguistics/en/numbers.rb +483 -0
  20. data/lib/linguistics/en/participles.rb +33 -0
  21. data/lib/linguistics/en/pluralization.rb +810 -0
  22. data/lib/linguistics/en/stemmer.rb +75 -0
  23. data/lib/linguistics/en/titlecase.rb +121 -0
  24. data/lib/linguistics/en/wordnet.rb +63 -97
  25. data/lib/linguistics/inflector.rb +89 -0
  26. data/lib/linguistics/iso639.rb +534 -448
  27. data/lib/linguistics/languagebehavior.rb +36 -0
  28. data/lib/linguistics/monkeypatches.rb +42 -0
  29. data/spec/lib/constants.rb +15 -0
  30. data/spec/lib/helpers.rb +38 -0
  31. data/spec/linguistics/en/articles_spec.rb +797 -0
  32. data/spec/linguistics/en/conjugation_spec.rb +2083 -0
  33. data/spec/linguistics/en/conjunctions_spec.rb +154 -0
  34. data/spec/linguistics/en/infinitives_spec.rb +518 -0
  35. data/spec/linguistics/en/linkparser_spec.rb +66 -0
  36. data/spec/linguistics/en/numbers_spec.rb +1295 -0
  37. data/spec/linguistics/en/participles_spec.rb +55 -0
  38. data/spec/linguistics/en/pluralization_spec.rb +4636 -0
  39. data/spec/linguistics/en/stemmer_spec.rb +72 -0
  40. data/spec/linguistics/en/titlecase_spec.rb +841 -0
  41. data/spec/linguistics/en/wordnet_spec.rb +85 -0
  42. data/spec/linguistics/en_spec.rb +45 -167
  43. data/spec/linguistics/inflector_spec.rb +40 -0
  44. data/spec/linguistics/iso639_spec.rb +49 -53
  45. data/spec/linguistics/monkeypatches_spec.rb +40 -0
  46. data/spec/linguistics_spec.rb +46 -76
  47. metadata +241 -113
  48. metadata.gz.sig +0 -0
  49. data/README +0 -166
  50. data/README.english +0 -245
  51. data/rake/191_compat.rb +0 -26
  52. data/rake/dependencies.rb +0 -76
  53. data/rake/documentation.rb +0 -123
  54. data/rake/helpers.rb +0 -502
  55. data/rake/hg.rb +0 -318
  56. data/rake/manual.rb +0 -787
  57. data/rake/packaging.rb +0 -129
  58. data/rake/publishing.rb +0 -341
  59. data/rake/style.rb +0 -62
  60. data/rake/svn.rb +0 -668
  61. data/rake/testing.rb +0 -152
  62. data/rake/verifytask.rb +0 -64
  63. data/tests/en/infinitive.tests.rb +0 -207
  64. data/tests/en/inflect.tests.rb +0 -1389
  65. data/tests/en/lafcadio.tests.rb +0 -77
  66. data/tests/en/linkparser.tests.rb +0 -42
  67. data/tests/en/lprintf.tests.rb +0 -77
  68. data/tests/en/titlecase.tests.rb +0 -73
  69. data/tests/en/wordnet.tests.rb +0 -95
data/lib/linguistics/iso639.rb CHANGED
@@ -1,461 +1,547 @@
1
1
  #!/usr/bin/ruby
2
- #coding: utf-8
2
+ # coding: utf-8
3
3
 
4
- #
5
- # linguistics/iso639.rb - A hash of International 2- and 3-letter
6
- # ISO639-1 and ISO639-2 language codes. Each entry has two keys:
4
+ require 'linguistics' unless defined?( Linguistics )
5
+
6
+ # A hash of International 2- and 3-letter ISO639-1 and ISO639-2
7
+ # language codes information. Each entry is keyed by all of its
8
+ # language codes as Symbols, and the entry itself has three keys:
7
9
  #
8
10
  # [<tt>:codes</tt>]
9
- # All of the codes known for this language
10
- # [<tt>:desc</tt>]
11
- # The English-language description of the language.
12
- #
13
- # :include: LICENSE
14
- #
15
- #--
11
+ # All of the codes known for this language as Strings
12
+ # [<tt>:eng_name</tt>]
13
+ # The English-language name of the language.
14
+ # [<tt>:fre_name</tt>]
15
+ # The French-language name of the language.
16
16
  #
17
- # Please see the file LICENSE in the base directory for licensing details.
17
+ # Entries for 'ja' and 'en':
18
18
  #
19
- module Linguistics
19
+ # irb > Linguistics::ISO639::LANGUAGE_CODES[:en]
20
+ # => {:eng_name=>"English", :fre_name=>"anglais", :codes=>["en", "eng"]}
21
+ # irb > Linguistics::ISO639::LANGUAGE_CODES[:eng]
22
+ # => {:eng_name=>"English", :fre_name=>"anglais", :codes=>["en", "eng"]}
23
+ # irb > Linguistics::ISO639::LANGUAGE_CODES[:ja]
24
+ # => {:eng_name=>"Japanese", :fre_name=>"japonais", :codes=>["ja", "jpn"]}
25
+
26
+ module Linguistics::ISO639
20
27
 
21
28
  # Hash of ISO639 2- and 3-letter language codes
22
- LanguageCodes = {}
29
+ LANGUAGE_CODES = {}
30
+
31
+ # Read everything after the __END__
32
+ _, data = File.read( __FILE__, :encoding => 'utf-8' ).split( /^__END__$/, 2 )
33
+
34
+ # To read the files, please note that one line of text contains one
35
+ # entry. An alpha-3 (bibliographic) code, an alpha-3 (terminologic)
36
+ # code (when given), an alpha-2 code (when given), an English name,
37
+ # and a French name of a language are all separated by pipe (|)
38
+ # characters. If one of these elements is not applicable to the entry,
39
+ # the field is left empty, i.e., a pipe (|) character immediately
40
+ # follows the preceding entry. The Line terminator is the LF character.
23
41
 
24
- # Read through the source for this file, capturing everything
25
- # between __END__ and __END_DATA__ tokens.
26
- in_data_section = false
27
- File::readlines( __FILE__ ).each {|line|
28
- case line
29
- when /^__END_DATA__$/
30
- in_data_section = false
31
- false
42
+ # bib_alpha3|term_alpha3|alpha2|eng_name|fre_name
43
+ # E.g., "eng||en|English|anglais"
44
+ data.lines do |line|
45
+ next unless line =~ /\|/ # Skip non-language lines
46
+ bib_alpha3, term_alpha3, alpha2, eng_name, fre_name = line.chomp.split( '|', 5 )
47
+ entry = {
48
+ :eng_name => eng_name,
49
+ :fre_name => fre_name,
50
+ :codes => [ bib_alpha3, alpha2, term_alpha3 ].reject {|item| item.empty? }
51
+ }
52
+ $stderr.puts " adding language code entry %p from line: %p" %
53
+ [ entry, line ] if $DEBUG
32
54
 
33
- when /^__END__$/
34
- in_data_section = true
35
- false
55
+ LANGUAGE_CODES[ bib_alpha3.to_sym ] = entry
56
+ LANGUAGE_CODES[ alpha2.to_sym ] = entry if alpha2
57
+ end
36
58
 
37
- else
38
- if in_data_section
39
- codes, desc = line[0,15].split(%r{/|\s+}), line[15...-1]
40
- codes.delete_if {|code| code.empty?}
41
- entry = {
42
- :desc => desc.strip,
43
- :codes => codes.dup,
44
- }
45
- codes.each {|code|
46
- raise "Duplicate language code #{code}:"\
47
- "(#{LanguageCodes[code][:desc]}})}" \
48
- if LanguageCodes.key?( code )
49
- LanguageCodes[ code.strip ] = entry
50
- }
51
- end
52
- end
53
- }
54
- end
59
+ end # module Linguistics::ISO639
55
60
 
61
+ # Data from: http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/ISO-639-2_utf-8.txt
56
62
  __END__
57
- abk ab Abkhazian
58
- ace Achinese
59
- ach Acoli
60
- ada Adangme
61
- aar aa Afar
62
- afh Afrihili
63
- afr af Afrikaans
64
- afa Afro-Asiatic (Other)
65
- aka Akan
66
- akk Akkadian
67
- alb/sqi sq Albanian
68
- ale Aleut
69
- alg Algonquian languages
70
- tut Altaic (Other)
71
- amh am Amharic
72
- apa Apache languages
73
- ara ar Arabic
74
- arc Aramaic
75
- arp Arapaho
76
- arn Araucanian
77
- arw Arawak
78
- arm/hye hy Armenian
79
- art Artificial (Other)
80
- asm as Assamese
81
- ath Athapascan languages
82
- map Austronesian (Other)
83
- ava Avaric
84
- ave Avestan
85
- awa Awadhi
86
- aym ay Aymara
87
- aze az Azerbaijani
88
- nah Aztec
89
- ban Balinese
90
- bat Baltic (Other)
91
- bal Baluchi
92
- bam Bambara
93
- bai Bamileke languages
94
- bad Banda
95
- bnt Bantu (Other)
96
- bas Basa
97
- bak ba Bashkir
98
- baq/eus eu Basque
99
- bej Beja
100
- bem Bemba
101
- ben bn Bengali
102
- ber Berber (Other)
103
- bho Bhojpuri
104
- bih bh Bihari
105
- bik Bikol
106
- bin Bini
107
- bis bi Bislama
108
- bra Braj
109
- bre br Breton
110
- bug Buginese
111
- bul bg Bulgarian
112
- bua Buriat
113
- bur/mya my Burmese
114
- bel be Byelorussian
115
- cad Caddo
116
- car Carib
117
- cat ca Catalan
118
- cau Caucasian (Other)
119
- ceb Cebuano
120
- cel Celtic (Other)
121
- cai Central American Indian (Other)
122
- chg Chagatai
123
- cha Chamorro
124
- che Chechen
125
- chr Cherokee
126
- chy Cheyenne
127
- chb Chibcha
128
- chi/zho zh Chinese
129
- chn Chinook jargon
130
- cho Choctaw
131
- chu Church Slavic
132
- chv Chuvash
133
- cop Coptic
134
- cor Cornish
135
- cos co Corsican
136
- cre Cree
137
- mus Creek
138
- crp Creoles and Pidgins (Other)
139
- cpe Creoles and Pidgins, English-based (Other)
140
- cpf Creoles and Pidgins, French-based (Other)
141
- cpp Creoles and Pidgins, Portuguese-based (Other)
142
- cus Cushitic (Other)
143
- hr Croatian
144
- ces/cze cs Czech
145
- dak Dakota
146
- dan da Danish
147
- del Delaware
148
- din Dinka
149
- div Divehi
150
- doi Dogri
151
- dra Dravidian (Other)
152
- dua Duala
153
- dut/nla nl Dutch
154
- dum Dutch, Middle (ca. 1050-1350)
155
- dyu Dyula
156
- dzo dz Dzongkha
157
- efi Efik
158
- egy Egyptian (Ancient)
159
- eka Ekajuk
160
- elx Elamite
161
- eng en English
162
- enm English, Middle (ca. 1100-1500)
163
- ang English, Old (ca. 450-1100)
164
- esk Eskimo (Other)
165
- epo eo Esperanto
166
- est et Estonian
167
- ewe Ewe
168
- ewo Ewondo
169
- fan Fang
170
- fat Fanti
171
- fao fo Faroese
172
- fij fj Fijian
173
- fin fi Finnish
174
- fiu Finno-Ugrian (Other)
175
- fon Fon
176
- fra/fre fr French
177
- frm French, Middle (ca. 1400-1600)
178
- fro French, Old (842- ca. 1400)
179
- fry fy Frisian
180
- ful Fulah
181
- gaa Ga
182
- gae/gdh Gaelic (Scots)
183
- glg gl Gallegan
184
- lug Ganda
185
- gay Gayo
186
- gez Geez
187
- geo/kat ka Georgian
188
- deu/ger de German
189
- gmh German, Middle High (ca. 1050-1500)
190
- goh German, Old High (ca. 750-1050)
191
- gem Germanic (Other)
192
- gil Gilbertese
193
- gon Gondi
194
- got Gothic
195
- grb Grebo
196
- grc Greek, Ancient (to 1453)
197
- ell/gre el Greek, Modern (1453-)
198
- kal kl Greenlandic
199
- grn gn Guarani
200
- guj gu Gujarati
201
- hai Haida
202
- hau ha Hausa
203
- haw Hawaiian
204
- heb he Hebrew
205
- her Herero
206
- hil Hiligaynon
207
- him Himachali
208
- hin hi Hindi
209
- hmo Hiri Motu
210
- hun hu Hungarian
211
- hup Hupa
212
- iba Iban
213
- ice/isl is Icelandic
214
- ibo Igbo
215
- ijo Ijo
216
- ilo Iloko
217
- inc Indic (Other)
218
- ine Indo-European (Other)
219
- ind id Indonesian
220
- ina ia Interlingua (International Auxiliary language Association)
221
- ile Interlingue
222
- iku iu Inuktitut
223
- ipk ik Inupiak
224
- ira Iranian (Other)
225
- gai/iri ga Irish
226
- sga Irish, Old (to 900)
227
- mga Irish, Middle (900 - 1200)
228
- iro Iroquoian languages
229
- ita it Italian
230
- jpn ja Japanese
231
- jav/jaw jv/jw Javanese
232
- jrb Judeo-Arabic
233
- jpr Judeo-Persian
234
- kab Kabyle
235
- kac Kachin
236
- kam Kamba
237
- kan kn Kannada
238
- kau Kanuri
239
- kaa Kara-Kalpak
240
- kar Karen
241
- kas ks Kashmiri
242
- kaw Kawi
243
- kaz kk Kazakh
244
- kha Khasi
245
- khm km Khmer
246
- khi Khoisan (Other)
247
- kho Khotanese
248
- kik Kikuyu
249
- kin rw Kinyarwanda
250
- kir ky Kirghiz
251
- kom Komi
252
- kon Kongo
253
- kok Konkani
254
- kor ko Korean
255
- kpe Kpelle
256
- kro Kru
257
- kua Kuanyama
258
- kum Kumyk
259
- kur ku Kurdish
260
- kru Kurukh
261
- kus Kusaie
262
- kut Kutenai
263
- lad Ladino
264
- lah Lahnda
265
- lam Lamba
266
- oci oc Langue d'Oc (post 1500)
267
- lao lo Lao
268
- lat la Latin
269
- lav lv Latvian
270
- ltz Letzeburgesch
271
- lez Lezghian
272
- lin ln Lingala
273
- lit lt Lithuanian
274
- loz Lozi
275
- lub Luba-Katanga
276
- lui Luiseno
277
- lun Lunda
278
- luo Luo (Kenya and Tanzania)
279
- mac/mke mk Macedonian
280
- mad Madurese
281
- mag Magahi
282
- mai Maithili
283
- mak Makasar
284
- mlg mg Malagasy
285
- may/msa ms Malay
286
- mal Malayalam
287
- mlt ml Maltese
288
- man Mandingo
289
- mni Manipuri
290
- mno Manobo languages
291
- max Manx
292
- mao/mri mi Maori
293
- mar mr Marathi
294
- chm Mari
295
- mah Marshall
296
- mwr Marwari
297
- mas Masai
298
- myn Mayan languages
299
- men Mende
300
- mic Micmac
301
- min Minangkabau
302
- mis Miscellaneous (Other)
303
- moh Mohawk
304
- mol mo Moldavian
305
- mkh Mon-Kmer (Other)
306
- lol Mongo
307
- mon mn Mongolian
308
- mos Mossi
309
- mul Multiple languages
310
- mun Munda languages
311
- nau na Nauru
312
- nav Navajo
313
- nde Ndebele, North
314
- nbl Ndebele, South
315
- ndo Ndongo
316
- nep ne Nepali
317
- new Newari
318
- nic Niger-Kordofanian (Other)
319
- ssa Nilo-Saharan (Other)
320
- niu Niuean
321
- non Norse, Old
322
- nai North American Indian (Other)
323
- nor no Norwegian
324
- nno Norwegian (Nynorsk)
325
- nub Nubian languages
326
- nym Nyamwezi
327
- nya Nyanja
328
- nyn Nyankole
329
- nyo Nyoro
330
- nzi Nzima
331
- oji Ojibwa
332
- ori or Oriya
333
- orm om Oromo
334
- osa Osage
335
- oss Ossetic
336
- oto Otomian languages
337
- pal Pahlavi
338
- pau Palauan
339
- pli Pali
340
- pam Pampanga
341
- pag Pangasinan
342
- pan pa Panjabi
343
- pap Papiamento
344
- paa Papuan-Australian (Other)
345
- fas/per fa Persian
346
- peo Persian, Old (ca 600 - 400 B.C.)
347
- phn Phoenician
348
- pol pl Polish
349
- pon Ponape
350
- por pt Portuguese
351
- pra Prakrit languages
352
- pro Provencal, Old (to 1500)
353
- pus ps Pushto
354
- que qu Quechua
355
- roh rm Rhaeto-Romance
356
- raj Rajasthani
357
- rar Rarotongan
358
- roa Romance (Other)
359
- ron/rum ro Romanian
360
- rom Romany
361
- run rn Rundi
362
- rus ru Russian
363
- sal Salishan languages
364
- sam Samaritan Aramaic
365
- smi Sami languages
366
- smo sm Samoan
367
- sad Sandawe
368
- sag sg Sango
369
- san sa Sanskrit
370
- srd Sardinian
371
- sco Scots
372
- sel Selkup
373
- sem Semitic (Other)
374
- sr Serbian
375
- scr sh Serbo-Croatian
376
- srr Serer
377
- shn Shan
378
- sna sn Shona
379
- sid Sidamo
380
- bla Siksika
381
- snd sd Sindhi
382
- sin si Singhalese
383
- sit Sino-Tibetan (Other)
384
- sio Siouan languages
385
- sla Slavic (Other)
386
- ss Siswati
387
- slk/slo sk Slovak
388
- slv sl Slovenian
389
- sog Sogdian
390
- som so Somali
391
- son Songhai
392
- wen Sorbian languages
393
- nso Sotho, Northern
394
- sot st Sotho, Southern
395
- sai South American Indian (Other)
396
- esl/spa es Spanish
397
- suk Sukuma
398
- sux Sumerian
399
- sun su Sudanese
400
- sus Susu
401
- swa sw Swahili
402
- ssw Swazi
403
- sve/swe sv Swedish
404
- syr Syriac
405
- tgl tl Tagalog
406
- tah Tahitian
407
- tgk tg Tajik
408
- tmh Tamashek
409
- tam ta Tamil
410
- tat tt Tatar
411
- tel te Telugu
412
- ter Tereno
413
- tha th Thai
414
- bod/tib bo Tibetan
415
- tig Tigre
416
- tir ti Tigrinya
417
- tem Timne
418
- tiv Tivi
419
- tli Tlingit
420
- tog to Tonga (Nyasa)
421
- ton Tonga (Tonga Islands)
422
- tru Truk
423
- tsi Tsimshian
424
- tso ts Tsonga
425
- tsn tn Tswana
426
- tum Tumbuka
427
- tur tr Turkish
428
- ota Turkish, Ottoman (1500 - 1928)
429
- tuk tk Turkmen
430
- tyv Tuvinian
431
- twi tw Twi
432
- uga Ugaritic
433
- uig ug Uighur
434
- ukr uk Ukrainian
435
- umb Umbundu
436
- und Undetermined
437
- urd ur Urdu
438
- uzb uz Uzbek
439
- vai Vai
440
- ven Venda
441
- vie vi Vietnamese
442
- vol vo Volap�k
443
- vot Votic
444
- wak Wakashan languages
445
- wal Walamo
446
- war Waray
447
- was Washo
448
- cym/wel cy Welsh
449
- wol wo Wolof
450
- xho xh Xhosa
451
- sah Yakut
452
- yao Yao
453
- yap Yap
454
- yid yi Yiddish
455
- yor yo Yoruba
456
- zap Zapotec
457
- zen Zenaga
458
- zha za Zhuang
459
- zul zu Zulu
460
- zun Zuni
461
- __END_DATA__
63
+ aar||aa|Afar|afar
64
+ abk||ab|Abkhazian|abkhaze
65
+ ace|||Achinese|aceh
66
+ ach|||Acoli|acoli
67
+ ada|||Adangme|adangme
68
+ ady|||Adyghe; Adygei|adyghé
69
+ afa|||Afro-Asiatic languages|afro-asiatiques, langues
70
+ afh|||Afrihili|afrihili
71
+ afr||af|Afrikaans|afrikaans
72
+ ain|||Ainu|aïnou
73
+ aka||ak|Akan|akan
74
+ akk|||Akkadian|akkadien
75
+ alb|sqi|sq|Albanian|albanais
76
+ ale|||Aleut|aléoute
77
+ alg|||Algonquian languages|algonquines, langues
78
+ alt|||Southern Altai|altai du Sud
79
+ amh||am|Amharic|amharique
80
+ ang|||English, Old (ca.450-1100)|anglo-saxon (ca.450-1100)
81
+ anp|||Angika|angika
82
+ apa|||Apache languages|apaches, langues
83
+ ara||ar|Arabic|arabe
84
+ arc|||Official Aramaic (700-300 BCE); Imperial Aramaic (700-300 BCE)|araméen d'empire (700-300 BCE)
85
+ arg||an|Aragonese|aragonais
86
+ arm|hye|hy|Armenian|arménien
87
+ arn|||Mapudungun; Mapuche|mapudungun; mapuche; mapuce
88
+ arp|||Arapaho|arapaho
89
+ art|||Artificial languages|artificielles, langues
90
+ arw|||Arawak|arawak
91
+ asm||as|Assamese|assamais
92
+ ast|||Asturian; Bable; Leonese; Asturleonese|asturien; bable; léonais; asturoléonais
93
+ ath|||Athapascan languages|athapascanes, langues
94
+ aus|||Australian languages|australiennes, langues
95
+ ava||av|Avaric|avar
96
+ ave||ae|Avestan|avestique
97
+ awa|||Awadhi|awadhi
98
+ aym||ay|Aymara|aymara
99
+ aze||az|Azerbaijani|azéri
100
+ bad|||Banda languages|banda, langues
101
+ bai|||Bamileke languages|bamiléké, langues
102
+ bak||ba|Bashkir|bachkir
103
+ bal|||Baluchi|baloutchi
104
+ bam||bm|Bambara|bambara
105
+ ban|||Balinese|balinais
106
+ baq|eus|eu|Basque|basque
107
+ bas|||Basa|basa
108
+ bat|||Baltic languages|baltes, langues
109
+ bej|||Beja; Bedawiyet|bedja
110
+ bel||be|Belarusian|biélorusse
111
+ bem|||Bemba|bemba
112
+ ben||bn|Bengali|bengali
113
+ ber|||Berber languages|berbères, langues
114
+ bho|||Bhojpuri|bhojpuri
115
+ bih||bh|Bihari languages|langues biharis
116
+ bik|||Bikol|bikol
117
+ bin|||Bini; Edo|bini; edo
118
+ bis||bi|Bislama|bichlamar
119
+ bla|||Siksika|blackfoot
120
+ bnt|||Bantu (Other)|bantoues, autres langues
121
+ bos||bs|Bosnian|bosniaque
122
+ bra|||Braj|braj
123
+ bre||br|Breton|breton
124
+ btk|||Batak languages|batak, langues
125
+ bua|||Buriat|bouriate
126
+ bug|||Buginese|bugi
127
+ bul||bg|Bulgarian|bulgare
128
+ bur|mya|my|Burmese|birman
129
+ byn|||Blin; Bilin|blin; bilen
130
+ cad|||Caddo|caddo
131
+ cai|||Central American Indian languages|amérindiennes de L'Amérique centrale, langues
132
+ car|||Galibi Carib|karib; galibi; carib
133
+ cat||ca|Catalan; Valencian|catalan; valencien
134
+ cau|||Caucasian languages|caucasiennes, langues
135
+ ceb|||Cebuano|cebuano
136
+ cel|||Celtic languages|celtiques, langues; celtes, langues
137
+ cha||ch|Chamorro|chamorro
138
+ chb|||Chibcha|chibcha
139
+ che||ce|Chechen|tchétchène
140
+ chg|||Chagatai|djaghataï
141
+ chi|zho|zh|Chinese|chinois
142
+ chk|||Chuukese|chuuk
143
+ chm|||Mari|mari
144
+ chn|||Chinook jargon|chinook, jargon
145
+ cho|||Choctaw|choctaw
146
+ chp|||Chipewyan; Dene Suline|chipewyan
147
+ chr|||Cherokee|cherokee
148
+ chu||cu|Church Slavic; Old Slavonic; Church Slavonic; Old Bulgarian; Old Church Slavonic|slavon d'église; vieux slave; slavon liturgique; vieux bulgare
149
+ chv||cv|Chuvash|tchouvache
150
+ chy|||Cheyenne|cheyenne
151
+ cmc|||Chamic languages|chames, langues
152
+ cop|||Coptic|copte
153
+ cor||kw|Cornish|cornique
154
+ cos||co|Corsican|corse
155
+ cpe|||Creoles and pidgins, English based|créoles et pidgins basés sur l'anglais
156
+ cpf|||Creoles and pidgins, French-based |créoles et pidgins basés sur le français
157
+ cpp|||Creoles and pidgins, Portuguese-based |créoles et pidgins basés sur le portugais
158
+ cre||cr|Cree|cree
159
+ crh|||Crimean Tatar; Crimean Turkish|tatar de Crimé
160
+ crp|||Creoles and pidgins |créoles et pidgins
161
+ csb|||Kashubian|kachoube
162
+ cus|||Cushitic languages|couchitiques, langues
163
+ cze|ces|cs|Czech|tchèque
164
+ dak|||Dakota|dakota
165
+ dan||da|Danish|danois
166
+ dar|||Dargwa|dargwa
167
+ day|||Land Dayak languages|dayak, langues
168
+ del|||Delaware|delaware
169
+ den|||Slave (Athapascan)|esclave (athapascan)
170
+ dgr|||Dogrib|dogrib
171
+ din|||Dinka|dinka
172
+ div||dv|Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian|maldivien
173
+ doi|||Dogri|dogri
174
+ dra|||Dravidian languages|dravidiennes, langues
175
+ dsb|||Lower Sorbian|bas-sorabe
176
+ dua|||Duala|douala
177
+ dum|||Dutch, Middle (ca.1050-1350)|néerlandais moyen (ca. 1050-1350)
178
+ dut|nld|nl|Dutch; Flemish|néerlandais; flamand
179
+ dyu|||Dyula|dioula
180
+ dzo||dz|Dzongkha|dzongkha
181
+ efi|||Efik|efik
182
+ egy|||Egyptian (Ancient)|égyptien
183
+ eka|||Ekajuk|ekajuk
184
+ elx|||Elamite|élamite
185
+ eng||en|English|anglais
186
+ enm|||English, Middle (1100-1500)|anglais moyen (1100-1500)
187
+ epo||eo|Esperanto|espéranto
188
+ est||et|Estonian|estonien
189
+ ewe||ee|Ewe|éwé
190
+ ewo|||Ewondo|éwondo
191
+ fan|||Fang|fang
192
+ fao||fo|Faroese|féroïen
193
+ fat|||Fanti|fanti
194
+ fij||fj|Fijian|fidjien
195
+ fil|||Filipino; Pilipino|filipino; pilipino
196
+ fin||fi|Finnish|finnois
197
+ fiu|||Finno-Ugrian languages|finno-ougriennes, langues
198
+ fon|||Fon|fon
199
+ fre|fra|fr|French|français
200
+ frm|||French, Middle (ca.1400-1600)|français moyen (1400-1600)
201
+ fro|||French, Old (842-ca.1400)|français ancien (842-ca.1400)
202
+ frr|||Northern Frisian|frison septentrional
203
+ frs|||Eastern Frisian|frison oriental
204
+ fry||fy|Western Frisian|frison occidental
205
+ ful||ff|Fulah|peul
206
+ fur|||Friulian|frioulan
207
+ gaa|||Ga|ga
208
+ gay|||Gayo|gayo
209
+ gba|||Gbaya|gbaya
210
+ gem|||Germanic languages|germaniques, langues
211
+ geo|kat|ka|Georgian|géorgien
212
+ ger|deu|de|German|allemand
213
+ gez|||Geez|guèze
214
+ gil|||Gilbertese|kiribati
215
+ gla||gd|Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic|gaélique; gaélique écossais
216
+ gle||ga|Irish|irlandais
217
+ glg||gl|Galician|galicien
218
+ glv||gv|Manx|manx; mannois
219
+ gmh|||German, Middle High (ca.1050-1500)|allemand, moyen haut (ca. 1050-1500)
220
+ goh|||German, Old High (ca.750-1050)|allemand, vieux haut (ca. 750-1050)
221
+ gon|||Gondi|gond
222
+ gor|||Gorontalo|gorontalo
223
+ got|||Gothic|gothique
224
+ grb|||Grebo|grebo
225
+ grc|||Greek, Ancient (to 1453)|grec ancien (jusqu'à 1453)
226
+ gre|ell|el|Greek, Modern (1453-)|grec moderne (après 1453)
227
+ grn||gn|Guarani|guarani
228
+ gsw|||Swiss German; Alemannic; Alsatian|suisse alémanique; alémanique; alsacien
229
+ guj||gu|Gujarati|goudjrati
230
+ gwi|||Gwich'in|gwich'in
231
+ hai|||Haida|haida
232
+ hat||ht|Haitian; Haitian Creole|haïtien; créole haïtien
233
+ hau||ha|Hausa|haoussa
234
+ haw|||Hawaiian|hawaïen
235
+ heb||he|Hebrew|hébreu
236
+ her||hz|Herero|herero
237
+ hil|||Hiligaynon|hiligaynon
238
+ him|||Himachali languages; Western Pahari languages|langues himachalis; langues paharis occidentales
239
+ hin||hi|Hindi|hindi
240
+ hit|||Hittite|hittite
241
+ hmn|||Hmong|hmong
242
+ hmo||ho|Hiri Motu|hiri motu
243
+ hrv||hr|Croatian|croate
244
+ hsb|||Upper Sorbian|haut-sorabe
245
+ hun||hu|Hungarian|hongrois
246
+ hup|||Hupa|hupa
247
+ iba|||Iban|iban
248
+ ibo||ig|Igbo|igbo
249
+ ice|isl|is|Icelandic|islandais
250
+ ido||io|Ido|ido
251
+ iii||ii|Sichuan Yi; Nuosu|yi de Sichuan
252
+ ijo|||Ijo languages|ijo, langues
253
+ iku||iu|Inuktitut|inuktitut
254
+ ile||ie|Interlingue; Occidental|interlingue
255
+ ilo|||Iloko|ilocano
256
+ ina||ia|Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association)|interlingua (langue auxiliaire internationale)
257
+ inc|||Indic languages|indo-aryennes, langues
258
+ ind||id|Indonesian|indonésien
259
+ ine|||Indo-European languages|indo-européennes, langues
260
+ inh|||Ingush|ingouche
261
+ ipk||ik|Inupiaq|inupiaq
262
+ ira|||Iranian languages|iraniennes, langues
263
+ iro|||Iroquoian languages|iroquoises, langues
264
+ ita||it|Italian|italien
265
+ jav||jv|Javanese|javanais
266
+ jbo|||Lojban|lojban
267
+ jpn||ja|Japanese|japonais
268
+ jpr|||Judeo-Persian|judéo-persan
269
+ jrb|||Judeo-Arabic|judéo-arabe
270
+ kaa|||Kara-Kalpak|karakalpak
271
+ kab|||Kabyle|kabyle
272
+ kac|||Kachin; Jingpho|kachin; jingpho
273
+ kal||kl|Kalaallisut; Greenlandic|groenlandais
274
+ kam|||Kamba|kamba
275
+ kan||kn|Kannada|kannada
276
+ kar|||Karen languages|karen, langues
277
+ kas||ks|Kashmiri|kashmiri
278
+ kau||kr|Kanuri|kanouri
279
+ kaw|||Kawi|kawi
280
+ kaz||kk|Kazakh|kazakh
281
+ kbd|||Kabardian|kabardien
282
+ kha|||Khasi|khasi
283
+ khi|||Khoisan languages|khoïsan, langues
284
+ khm||km|Central Khmer|khmer central
285
+ kho|||Khotanese; Sakan|khotanais; sakan
286
+ kik||ki|Kikuyu; Gikuyu|kikuyu
287
+ kin||rw|Kinyarwanda|rwanda
288
+ kir||ky|Kirghiz; Kyrgyz|kirghiz
289
+ kmb|||Kimbundu|kimbundu
290
+ kok|||Konkani|konkani
291
+ kom||kv|Komi|kom
292
+ kon||kg|Kongo|kongo
293
+ kor||ko|Korean|coréen
294
+ kos|||Kosraean|kosrae
295
+ kpe|||Kpelle|kpellé
296
+ krc|||Karachay-Balkar|karatchai balkar
297
+ krl|||Karelian|carélien
298
+ kro|||Kru languages|krou, langues
299
+ kru|||Kurukh|kurukh
300
+ kua||kj|Kuanyama; Kwanyama|kuanyama; kwanyama
301
+ kum|||Kumyk|koumyk
302
+ kur||ku|Kurdish|kurde
303
+ kut|||Kutenai|kutenai
304
+ lad|||Ladino|judéo-espagnol
305
+ lah|||Lahnda|lahnda
306
+ lam|||Lamba|lamba
307
+ lao||lo|Lao|lao
308
+ lat||la|Latin|latin
309
+ lav||lv|Latvian|letton
310
+ lez|||Lezghian|lezghien
311
+ lim||li|Limburgan; Limburger; Limburgish|limbourgeois
312
+ lin||ln|Lingala|lingala
313
+ lit||lt|Lithuanian|lituanien
314
+ lol|||Mongo|mongo
315
+ loz|||Lozi|lozi
316
+ ltz||lb|Luxembourgish; Letzeburgesch|luxembourgeois
317
+ lua|||Luba-Lulua|luba-lulua
318
+ lub||lu|Luba-Katanga|luba-katanga
319
+ lug||lg|Ganda|ganda
320
+ lui|||Luiseno|luiseno
321
+ lun|||Lunda|lunda
322
+ luo|||Luo (Kenya and Tanzania)|luo (Kenya et Tanzanie)
323
+ lus|||Lushai|lushai
324
+ mac|mkd|mk|Macedonian|macédonien
325
+ mad|||Madurese|madourais
326
+ mag|||Magahi|magahi
327
+ mah||mh|Marshallese|marshall
328
+ mai|||Maithili|maithili
329
+ mak|||Makasar|makassar
330
+ mal||ml|Malayalam|malayalam
331
+ man|||Mandingo|mandingue
332
+ mao|mri|mi|Maori|maori
333
+ map|||Austronesian languages|austronésiennes, langues
334
+ mar||mr|Marathi|marathe
335
+ mas|||Masai|massaï
336
+ may|msa|ms|Malay|malais
337
+ mdf|||Moksha|moksa
338
+ mdr|||Mandar|mandar
339
+ men|||Mende|mendé
340
+ mga|||Irish, Middle (900-1200)|irlandais moyen (900-1200)
341
+ mic|||Mi'kmaq; Micmac|mi'kmaq; micmac
342
+ min|||Minangkabau|minangkabau
343
+ mis|||Uncoded languages|langues non codées
344
+ mkh|||Mon-Khmer languages|môn-khmer, langues
345
+ mlg||mg|Malagasy|malgache
346
+ mlt||mt|Maltese|maltais
347
+ mnc|||Manchu|mandchou
348
+ mni|||Manipuri|manipuri
349
+ mno|||Manobo languages|manobo, langues
350
+ moh|||Mohawk|mohawk
351
+ mon||mn|Mongolian|mongol
352
+ mos|||Mossi|moré
353
+ mul|||Multiple languages|multilingue
354
+ mun|||Munda languages|mounda, langues
355
+ mus|||Creek|muskogee
356
+ mwl|||Mirandese|mirandais
357
+ mwr|||Marwari|marvari
358
+ myn|||Mayan languages|maya, langues
359
+ myv|||Erzya|erza
360
+ nah|||Nahuatl languages|nahuatl, langues
361
+ nai|||North American Indian languages|nord-amérindiennes, langues
362
+ nap|||Neapolitan|napolitain
363
+ nau||na|Nauru|nauruan
364
+ nav||nv|Navajo; Navaho|navaho
365
+ nbl||nr|Ndebele, South; South Ndebele|ndébélé du Sud
366
+ nde||nd|Ndebele, North; North Ndebele|ndébélé du Nord
367
+ ndo||ng|Ndonga|ndonga
368
+ nds|||Low German; Low Saxon; German, Low; Saxon, Low|bas allemand; bas saxon; allemand, bas; saxon, bas
369
+ nep||ne|Nepali|népalais
370
+ new|||Nepal Bhasa; Newari|nepal bhasa; newari
371
+ nia|||Nias|nias
372
+ nic|||Niger-Kordofanian languages|nigéro-kordofaniennes, langues
373
+ niu|||Niuean|niué
374
+ nno||nn|Norwegian Nynorsk; Nynorsk, Norwegian|norvégien nynorsk; nynorsk, norvégien
375
+ nob||nb|Bokmål, Norwegian; Norwegian Bokmål|norvégien bokmål
376
+ nog|||Nogai|nogaï; nogay
377
+ non|||Norse, Old|norrois, vieux
378
+ nor||no|Norwegian|norvégien
379
+ nqo|||N'Ko|n'ko
380
+ nso|||Pedi; Sepedi; Northern Sotho|pedi; sepedi; sotho du Nord
381
+ nub|||Nubian languages|nubiennes, langues
382
+ nwc|||Classical Newari; Old Newari; Classical Nepal Bhasa|newari classique
383
+ nya||ny|Chichewa; Chewa; Nyanja|chichewa; chewa; nyanja
384
+ nym|||Nyamwezi|nyamwezi
385
+ nyn|||Nyankole|nyankolé
386
+ nyo|||Nyoro|nyoro
387
+ nzi|||Nzima|nzema
388
+ oci||oc|Occitan (post 1500); Provençal|occitan (après 1500); provençal
389
+ oji||oj|Ojibwa|ojibwa
390
+ ori||or|Oriya|oriya
391
+ orm||om|Oromo|galla
392
+ osa|||Osage|osage
393
+ oss||os|Ossetian; Ossetic|ossète
394
+ ota|||Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928)|turc ottoman (1500-1928)
395
+ oto|||Otomian languages|otomi, langues
396
+ paa|||Papuan languages|papoues, langues
397
+ pag|||Pangasinan|pangasinan
398
+ pal|||Pahlavi|pahlavi
399
+ pam|||Pampanga; Kapampangan|pampangan
400
+ pan||pa|Panjabi; Punjabi|pendjabi
401
+ pap|||Papiamento|papiamento
402
+ pau|||Palauan|palau
403
+ peo|||Persian, Old (ca.600-400 B.C.)|perse, vieux (ca. 600-400 av. J.-C.)
404
+ per|fas|fa|Persian|persan
405
+ phi|||Philippine languages|philippines, langues
406
+ phn|||Phoenician|phénicien
407
+ pli||pi|Pali|pali
408
+ pol||pl|Polish|polonais
409
+ pon|||Pohnpeian|pohnpei
410
+ por||pt|Portuguese|portugais
411
+ pra|||Prakrit languages|prâkrit, langues
412
+ pro|||Provençal, Old (to 1500)|provençal ancien (jusqu'à 1500)
413
+ pus||ps|Pushto; Pashto|pachto
414
+ qaa-qtz|||Reserved for local use|réservée à l'usage local
415
+ que||qu|Quechua|quechua
416
+ raj|||Rajasthani|rajasthani
417
+ rap|||Rapanui|rapanui
418
+ rar|||Rarotongan; Cook Islands Maori|rarotonga; maori des îles Cook
419
+ roa|||Romance languages|romanes, langues
420
+ roh||rm|Romansh|romanche
421
+ rom|||Romany|tsigane
422
+ rum|ron|ro|Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan|roumain; moldave
423
+ run||rn|Rundi|rundi
424
+ rup|||Aromanian; Arumanian; Macedo-Romanian|aroumain; macédo-roumain
425
+ rus||ru|Russian|russe
426
+ sad|||Sandawe|sandawe
427
+ sag||sg|Sango|sango
428
+ sah|||Yakut|iakoute
429
+ sai|||South American Indian (Other)|indiennes d'Amérique du Sud, autres langues
430
+ sal|||Salishan languages|salishennes, langues
431
+ sam|||Samaritan Aramaic|samaritain
432
+ san||sa|Sanskrit|sanskrit
433
+ sas|||Sasak|sasak
434
+ sat|||Santali|santal
435
+ scn|||Sicilian|sicilien
436
+ sco|||Scots|écossais
437
+ sel|||Selkup|selkoupe
438
+ sem|||Semitic languages|sémitiques, langues
439
+ sga|||Irish, Old (to 900)|irlandais ancien (jusqu'à 900)
440
+ sgn|||Sign Languages|langues des signes
441
+ shn|||Shan|chan
442
+ sid|||Sidamo|sidamo
443
+ sin||si|Sinhala; Sinhalese|singhalais
444
+ sio|||Siouan languages|sioux, langues
445
+ sit|||Sino-Tibetan languages|sino-tibétaines, langues
446
+ sla|||Slavic languages|slaves, langues
447
+ slo|slk|sk|Slovak|slovaque
448
+ slv||sl|Slovenian|slovène
449
+ sma|||Southern Sami|sami du Sud
450
+ sme||se|Northern Sami|sami du Nord
451
+ smi|||Sami languages|sames, langues
452
+ smj|||Lule Sami|sami de Lule
453
+ smn|||Inari Sami|sami d'Inari
454
+ smo||sm|Samoan|samoan
455
+ sms|||Skolt Sami|sami skolt
456
+ sna||sn|Shona|shona
457
+ snd||sd|Sindhi|sindhi
458
+ snk|||Soninke|soninké
459
+ sog|||Sogdian|sogdien
460
+ som||so|Somali|somali
461
+ son|||Songhai languages|songhai, langues
462
+ sot||st|Sotho, Southern|sotho du Sud
463
+ spa||es|Spanish; Castilian|espagnol; castillan
464
+ srd||sc|Sardinian|sarde
465
+ srn|||Sranan Tongo|sranan tongo
466
+ srp||sr|Serbian|serbe
467
+ srr|||Serer|sérère
468
+ ssa|||Nilo-Saharan languages|nilo-sahariennes, langues
469
+ ssw||ss|Swati|swati
470
+ suk|||Sukuma|sukuma
471
+ sun||su|Sundanese|soundanais
472
+ sus|||Susu|soussou
473
+ sux|||Sumerian|sumérien
474
+ swa||sw|Swahili|swahili
475
+ swe||sv|Swedish|suédois
476
+ syc|||Classical Syriac|syriaque classique
477
+ syr|||Syriac|syriaque
478
+ tah||ty|Tahitian|tahitien
479
+ tai|||Tai languages|tai, langues
480
+ tam||ta|Tamil|tamoul
481
+ tat||tt|Tatar|tatar
482
+ tel||te|Telugu|télougou
483
+ tem|||Timne|temne
484
+ ter|||Tereno|tereno
485
+ tet|||Tetum|tetum
486
+ tgk||tg|Tajik|tadjik
487
+ tgl||tl|Tagalog|tagalog
488
+ tha||th|Thai|thaï
489
+ tib|bod|bo|Tibetan|tibétain
490
+ tig|||Tigre|tigré
491
+ tir||ti|Tigrinya|tigrigna
492
+ tiv|||Tiv|tiv
493
+ tkl|||Tokelau|tokelau
494
+ tlh|||Klingon; tlhIngan-Hol|klingon
495
+ tli|||Tlingit|tlingit
496
+ tmh|||Tamashek|tamacheq
497
+ tog|||Tonga (Nyasa)|tonga (Nyasa)
498
+ ton||to|Tonga (Tonga Islands)|tongan (Îles Tonga)
499
+ tpi|||Tok Pisin|tok pisin
500
+ tsi|||Tsimshian|tsimshian
501
+ tsn||tn|Tswana|tswana
502
+ tso||ts|Tsonga|tsonga
503
+ tuk||tk|Turkmen|turkmène
504
+ tum|||Tumbuka|tumbuka
505
+ tup|||Tupi languages|tupi, langues
506
+ tur||tr|Turkish|turc
507
+ tut|||Altaic languages|altaïques, langues
508
+ tvl|||Tuvalu|tuvalu
509
+ twi||tw|Twi|twi
510
+ tyv|||Tuvinian|touva
511
+ udm|||Udmurt|oudmourte
512
+ uga|||Ugaritic|ougaritique
513
+ uig||ug|Uighur; Uyghur|ouïgour
514
+ ukr||uk|Ukrainian|ukrainien
515
+ umb|||Umbundu|umbundu
516
+ und|||Undetermined|indéterminée
517
+ urd||ur|Urdu|ourdou
518
+ uzb||uz|Uzbek|ouszbek
519
+ vai|||Vai|vaï
520
+ ven||ve|Venda|venda
521
+ vie||vi|Vietnamese|vietnamien
522
+ vol||vo|Volapük|volapük
523
+ vot|||Votic|vote
524
+ wak|||Wakashan languages|wakashanes, langues
525
+ wal|||Walamo|walamo
526
+ war|||Waray|waray
527
+ was|||Washo|washo
528
+ wel|cym|cy|Welsh|gallois
529
+ wen|||Sorbian languages|sorabes, langues
530
+ wln||wa|Walloon|wallon
531
+ wol||wo|Wolof|wolof
532
+ xal|||Kalmyk; Oirat|kalmouk; oïrat
533
+ xho||xh|Xhosa|xhosa
534
+ yao|||Yao|yao
535
+ yap|||Yapese|yapois
536
+ yid||yi|Yiddish|yiddish
537
+ yor||yo|Yoruba|yoruba
538
+ ypk|||Yupik languages|yupik, langues
539
+ zap|||Zapotec|zapotèque
540
+ zbl|||Blissymbols; Blissymbolics; Bliss|symboles Bliss; Bliss
541
+ zen|||Zenaga|zenaga
542
+ zha||za|Zhuang; Chuang|zhuang; chuang
543
+ znd|||Zande languages|zandé, langues
544
+ zul||zu|Zulu|zoulou
545
+ zun|||Zuni|zuni
546
+ zxx|||No linguistic content; Not applicable|pas de contenu linguistique; non applicable
547
+ zza|||Zaza; Dimili; Dimli; Kirdki; Kirmanjki; Zazaki|zaza; dimili; dimli; kirdki; kirmanjki; zazaki