langchainrb 0.19.5 → 1.19.2

checksums.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 SHA256:
-  metadata.gz: 5851ca8d3c014468081f957ecb1f76ab7d50e6d1519c265ab4d52ec39c7bc8b9
-  data.tar.gz: 4850f1636545fedca6a1c7f4d17bc4a07309708219d2a06024b14adb17a275a5
+  metadata.gz: 7e15dfbab8b4380ef4c71d1b596ed5f19ff55feefb01cf091903c792ab66af5f
+  data.tar.gz: de4d29455f1e29b34f04026868287c4464f94e45d15f6113705746b421b72fb5
 SHA512:
-  metadata.gz: b46baf32e44f9134aceea57957045b37466a23a28c709c03df867071de9615bcf8803a97ec64fa3194ee4d3e13a686389a7c0b9d870c5f9716b5ff361fb8e873
-  data.tar.gz: 4e7112d5cb46857e89bbd25f10dae57ec38085027ee6c5ea523e6637218fa97899a0e9deeb2fbf7a116cd6a70a6f17a4c4b294d31c4edf703cce401477ae3a0a
+  metadata.gz: 88e052d2a3a8ca936ed0c8d6d638351fdf7418e91e33756d0295039423de28fc0e25273c5e8afed94792ff464f17f883904f472464185db40242476e8530c6d4
+  data.tar.gz: c9cc9d7b06b1b329ca67973009e5248c688de972271cc77d8a946c00fa0bc4501f9913159bafc068ee8b3468eea47d5c3860c12bc4fbb46adbf44aedc7816531

data/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -9,24 +9,9 @@
 - [DOCS]: Documentation changes. No changes to the library's behavior.
 - [SECURITY]: A change which fixes a security vulnerability.
 
-## [0.19.5]
-- [BREAKING] [https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/pull/859] Add metadata support to PgVector storage
-- [BUGFIX] [https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/pull/939] Fix Langchain::Vectorsearch::Milvus initializer by passing :api_key
-- [BUGFIX] [https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/pull/953] Handle nil response in OpenAI LLM streaming
-- [BREAKING] [https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/pull/956] Deprecate `Langchain::Vectorsearch::Epsilla` class
-- [BREAKING] [https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/pull/961] Deprecate `Langchain::LLM::LlamaCpp` class
-- [BREAKING] [https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/pull/962] Deprecate `Langchain::LLM::AI21` class
-- [BREAKING] [https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/pull/971] Exclude `temperature` from being automatically added to OpenAI LLM parameters
-- [OPTIM] [https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/pull/977] Enable `Langchain::Tool::RubyCodeInterpreter` on Ruby 3.3+
-
-## [0.19.4] - 2025-02-17
-- [BREAKING] [https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/pull/894] Tools can now output image_urls, and all tool output must be wrapped by a tool_response() method
-- [BUGFIX] [https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/pull/921] Fix for Assistant when OpenAI o1/o3 models are used
-
-## [0.19.3] - 2025-01-13
-- [BUGFIX] [https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/pull/900] Empty text content should not be set when content is nil when using AnthropicMessage
-
-## [0.19.2] - 2024-11-26
+## [Unreleased]
+
+## [0.19.2] - 2024-11-25
 - [FEATURE] [https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/pull/884] Add `tool_execution_callback` to `Langchain::Assistant`, a callback function (proc, lambda) that is called right before a tool is executed
 
 ## [0.19.1] - 2024-11-21

data/README.md

@@ -2,14 +2,14 @@
 ---
 ⚡ Building LLM-powered applications in Ruby ⚡
 
-For deep Rails integration see: [langchainrb_rails](https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb_rails) gem.
+For deep Rails integration see: [langchainrb_rails](https://github.com/andreibondarev/langchainrb_rails) gem.
 
 Available for paid consulting engagements! [Email me](mailto:andrei@sourcelabs.io).
 
-![Tests status](https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg?branch=main)
+![Tests status](https://github.com/andreibondarev/langchainrb/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg?branch=main)
 [![Gem Version](https://badge.fury.io/rb/langchainrb.svg)](https://badge.fury.io/rb/langchainrb)
 [![Docs](http://img.shields.io/badge/yard-docs-blue.svg)](http://rubydoc.info/gems/langchainrb)
-[![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-green.svg)](https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/blob/main/LICENSE.txt)
+[![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-green.svg)](https://github.com/andreibondarev/langchainrb/blob/main/LICENSE.txt)
 [![](https://dcbadge.vercel.app/api/server/WDARp7J2n8?compact=true&style=flat)](https://discord.gg/WDARp7J2n8)
 [![X](https://img.shields.io/twitter/url/https/twitter.com/cloudposse.svg?style=social&label=Follow%20%40rushing_andrei)](https://twitter.com/rushing_andrei)
 
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ The `Langchain::LLM` module provides a unified interface for interacting with va
 
 ## Supported LLM Providers
 
+- AI21
 - Anthropic
 - AWS Bedrock
 - Azure OpenAI
@@ -64,6 +65,7 @@ The `Langchain::LLM` module provides a unified interface for interacting with va
 - Google Gemini
 - Google Vertex AI
 - HuggingFace
+- LlamaCpp
 - Mistral AI
 - Ollama
 - OpenAI
@@ -367,7 +369,7 @@ fix_parser = Langchain::OutputParsers::OutputFixingParser.from_llm(
 fix_parser.parse(llm_response)
 ```
 
-See [here](https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/tree/main/examples/create_and_manage_prompt_templates_using_structured_output_parser.rb) for a concrete example
+See [here](https://github.com/andreibondarev/langchainrb/tree/main/examples/create_and_manage_prompt_templates_using_structured_output_parser.rb) for a concrete example
 
 ## Building Retrieval Augment Generation (RAG) system
 RAG is a methodology that assists LLMs generate accurate and up-to-date information.
@@ -385,6 +387,7 @@ Langchain.rb provides a convenient unified interface on top of supported vectors
 | Database                                                                                   | Open-source        | Cloud offering     |
 | --------                                                                                   |:------------------:| :------------:     |
 | [Chroma](https://trychroma.com/?utm_source=langchainrb&utm_medium=github)                  | ✅                 | ✅                 |
+| [Epsilla](https://epsilla.com/?utm_source=langchainrb&utm_medium=github)                   | ✅                 | ✅                 |
 | [Hnswlib](https://github.com/nmslib/hnswlib/?utm_source=langchainrb&utm_medium=github)     | ✅                 | ❌                 |
 | [Milvus](https://milvus.io/?utm_source=langchainrb&utm_medium=github)                      | ✅                 | ✅ Zilliz Cloud    |
 | [Pinecone](https://www.pinecone.io/?utm_source=langchainrb&utm_medium=github)              | ❌                 | ✅                 |
@@ -417,6 +420,7 @@ client = Langchain::Vectorsearch::Weaviate.new(
 You can instantiate any other supported vector search database:
 ```ruby
 client = Langchain::Vectorsearch::Chroma.new(...)   # `gem "chroma-db", "~> 0.6.0"`
+client = Langchain::Vectorsearch::Epsilla.new(...)  # `gem "epsilla-ruby", "~> 0.0.3"`
 client = Langchain::Vectorsearch::Hnswlib.new(...)  # `gem "hnswlib", "~> 0.8.1"`
 client = Langchain::Vectorsearch::Milvus.new(...)   # `gem "milvus", "~> 0.9.3"`
 client = Langchain::Vectorsearch::Pinecone.new(...) # `gem "pinecone", "~> 0.1.6"`
@@ -576,11 +580,11 @@ class MovieInfoTool
   end
 
   def search_movie(query:)
-    tool_response(...)
+    ...
   end
 
   def get_movie_details(movie_id:)
-    tool_response(...)
+    ...
   end
 end
 ```
@@ -635,7 +639,7 @@ ragas.score(answer: "", question: "", context: "")
 ```
 
 ## Examples
-Additional examples available: [/examples](https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/tree/main/examples)
+Additional examples available: [/examples](https://github.com/andreibondarev/langchainrb/tree/main/examples)
 
 ## Logging
 
@@ -661,7 +665,7 @@ gem install unicode -- --with-cflags="-Wno-incompatible-function-pointer-types"
 
 ## Development
 
-1. `git clone https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb.git`
+1. `git clone https://github.com/andreibondarev/langchainrb.git`
 2. `cp .env.example .env`, then fill out the environment variables in `.env`
 3. `bundle exec rake` to ensure that the tests pass and to run standardrb
 4. `bin/console` to load the gem in a REPL session. Feel free to add your own instances of LLMs, Tools, Agents, etc. and experiment with them.
@@ -676,7 +680,7 @@ Join us in the [Langchain.rb](https://discord.gg/WDARp7J2n8) Discord server.
 
 ## Contributing
 
-Bug reports and pull requests are welcome on GitHub at https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb.
+Bug reports and pull requests are welcome on GitHub at https://github.com/andreibondarev/langchainrb.
 
 ## License
 

data/lib/langchain/assistant/llm/adapters/openai.rb

@@ -24,9 +24,7 @@ module Langchain
             if tools.any?
               params[:tools] = build_tools(tools)
               params[:tool_choice] = build_tool_choice(tool_choice)
-              # Temporary fix because OpenAI o1/o3/reasoning models don't support `parallel_tool_calls` parameter.
-              # Set `Assistant.new(parallel_tool_calls: nil, ...)` to avoid the error.
-              params[:parallel_tool_calls] = parallel_tool_calls unless parallel_tool_calls.nil?
+              params[:parallel_tool_calls] = parallel_tool_calls
             end
             params
           end

data/lib/langchain/assistant/messages/anthropic_message.rb

@@ -53,14 +53,14 @@ module Langchain
         #
         # @return [Hash] The message as an Anthropic API-compatible hash, with the role as "assistant"
         def assistant_hash
-          content_array = []
-          if content && !content.empty?
-            content_array << {type: "text", text: content}
-          end
-
           {
             role: "assistant",
-            content: content_array.concat(tool_calls)
+            content: [
+              {
+                type: "text",
+                text: content
+              }
+            ].concat(tool_calls)
           }
         end
 

data/lib/langchain/assistant.rb

@@ -354,30 +354,16 @@ module Langchain
     def run_tools(tool_calls)
       # Iterate over each function invocation and submit tool output
       tool_calls.each do |tool_call|
-        run_tool(tool_call)
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Run the tool call
-    #
-    # @param tool_call [Hash] The tool call to run
-    # @return [Object] The result of the tool call
-    def run_tool(tool_call)
-      tool_call_id, tool_name, method_name, tool_arguments = @llm_adapter.extract_tool_call_args(tool_call: tool_call)
-
-      tool_instance = tools.find do |t|
-        t.class.tool_name == tool_name
-      end or raise ArgumentError, "Tool: #{tool_name} not found in assistant.tools"
+        tool_call_id, tool_name, method_name, tool_arguments = @llm_adapter.extract_tool_call_args(tool_call: tool_call)
 
-      # Call the callback if set
-      tool_execution_callback.call(tool_call_id, tool_name, method_name, tool_arguments) if tool_execution_callback # rubocop:disable Style/SafeNavigation
+        tool_instance = tools.find do |t|
+          t.class.tool_name == tool_name
+        end or raise ArgumentError, "Tool: #{tool_name} not found in assistant.tools"
 
-      output = tool_instance.send(method_name, **tool_arguments)
+        # Call the callback if set
+        tool_execution_callback.call(tool_call_id, tool_name, method_name, tool_arguments) if tool_execution_callback # rubocop:disable Style/SafeNavigation
+        output = tool_instance.send(method_name, **tool_arguments)
 
-      # Handle both ToolResponse and legacy return values
-      if output.is_a?(ToolResponse)
-        add_message(role: @llm_adapter.tool_role, content: output.content, image_url: output.image_url, tool_call_id: tool_call_id)
-      else
         submit_tool_output(tool_call_id: tool_call_id, output: output)
       end
     end

data/lib/langchain/llm/ai21.rb

@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@ module Langchain::LLM
     }.freeze
 
     def initialize(api_key:, default_options: {})
-      Langchain.logger.warn "DEPRECATED: `Langchain::LLM::AI21` is deprecated, and will be removed in the next major version. Please use another LLM provider."
-
       depends_on "ai21"
 
       @client = ::AI21::Client.new(api_key)

data/lib/langchain/llm/anthropic.rb

@@ -22,15 +22,10 @@ module Langchain::LLM
     #
     # @param api_key [String] The API key to use
     # @param llm_options [Hash] Options to pass to the Anthropic client
-    # @param default_options [Hash] Default options to use on every call to LLM, e.g.: { temperature:, completion_model:, chat_model:, max_tokens:, thinking: }
+    # @param default_options [Hash] Default options to use on every call to LLM, e.g.: { temperature:, completion_model:, chat_model:, max_tokens: }
     # @return [Langchain::LLM::Anthropic] Langchain::LLM::Anthropic instance
     def initialize(api_key:, llm_options: {}, default_options: {})
-      begin
-        depends_on "ruby-anthropic", req: "anthropic"
-      rescue Langchain::DependencyHelper::LoadError
-        # Falls back to the older `anthropic` gem if `ruby-anthropic` gem cannot be loaded.
-        depends_on "anthropic"
-      end
+      depends_on "anthropic"
 
       @client = ::Anthropic::Client.new(access_token: api_key, **llm_options)
       @defaults = DEFAULTS.merge(default_options)
@@ -39,8 +34,7 @@ module Langchain::LLM
         temperature: {default: @defaults[:temperature]},
         max_tokens: {default: @defaults[:max_tokens]},
         metadata: {},
-        system: {},
-        thinking: {default: @defaults[:thinking]}
+        system: {}
       )
       chat_parameters.ignore(:n, :user)
       chat_parameters.remap(stop: :stop_sequences)
@@ -103,7 +97,6 @@ module Langchain::LLM
     # @option params [String] :system System prompt
     # @option params [Float] :temperature Amount of randomness injected into the response
     # @option params [Array<String>] :tools Definitions of tools that the model may use
-    # @option params [Hash] :thinking Enable extended thinking mode, e.g. { type: "enabled", budget_tokens: 4000 }
     # @option params [Integer] :top_k Only sample from the top K options for each subsequent token
     # @option params [Float] :top_p Use nucleus sampling.
     # @return [Langchain::LLM::AnthropicResponse] The chat completion
@@ -177,7 +170,7 @@ module Langchain::LLM
           "id" => first_block.dig("content_block", "id"),
           "type" => "tool_use",
           "name" => first_block.dig("content_block", "name"),
-          "input" => input.empty? ? nil : JSON.parse(input).transform_keys(&:to_sym)
+          "input" => JSON.parse(input).transform_keys(&:to_sym)
         }
       end.compact
     end

data/lib/langchain/llm/aws_bedrock.rb

@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ module Langchain::LLM
 
     def parse_model_id(model_id)
       model_id
-        .gsub(/^(us|eu|apac|us-gov)\./, "") # Meta append "us." to their model ids, and AWS region prefixes are used by Bedrock cross-region model IDs.
+        .gsub("us.", "") # Meta append "us." to their model ids
         .split(".")
     end
 

data/lib/langchain/llm/base.rb

@@ -7,12 +7,14 @@ module Langchain::LLM
   #
   # Langchain.rb provides a common interface to interact with all supported LLMs:
   #
+  # - {Langchain::LLM::AI21}
   # - {Langchain::LLM::Anthropic}
   # - {Langchain::LLM::Azure}
   # - {Langchain::LLM::Cohere}
   # - {Langchain::LLM::GoogleGemini}
   # - {Langchain::LLM::GoogleVertexAI}
   # - {Langchain::LLM::HuggingFace}
+  # - {Langchain::LLM::LlamaCpp}
   # - {Langchain::LLM::OpenAI}
   # - {Langchain::LLM::Replicate}
   #

data/lib/langchain/llm/llama_cpp.rb

@@ -23,8 +23,6 @@ module Langchain::LLM
     # @param n_threads [Integer] The CPU number of threads to use
     # @param seed [Integer] The seed to use
     def initialize(model_path:, n_gpu_layers: 1, n_ctx: 2048, n_threads: 1, seed: 0)
-      Langchain.logger.warn "DEPRECATED: `Langchain::LLM::LlamaCpp` is deprecated, and will be removed in the next major version. Please use `Langchain::LLM::Ollama` for self-hosted LLM inference."
-
       depends_on "llama_cpp"
 
       @model_path = model_path

data/lib/langchain/llm/ollama.rb

@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ module Langchain::LLM
 
     DEFAULTS = {
       temperature: 0.0,
-      completion_model: "llama3.2",
-      embedding_model: "llama3.2",
-      chat_model: "llama3.2",
+      completion_model: "llama3.1",
+      embedding_model: "llama3.1",
+      chat_model: "llama3.1",
       options: {}
     }.freeze
 
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ module Langchain::LLM
       llama2: 4_096,
       llama3: 4_096,
       "llama3.1": 4_096,
-      "llama3.2": 4_096,
       llava: 4_096,
       mistral: 4_096,
       "mistral-openorca": 4_096,

data/lib/langchain/llm/openai.rb

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ module Langchain::LLM
   class OpenAI < Base
     DEFAULTS = {
       n: 1,
+      temperature: 0.0,
       chat_model: "gpt-4o-mini",
       embedding_model: "text-embedding-3-small"
     }.freeze
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ module Langchain::LLM
 
     def with_api_error_handling
       response = yield
-      return if response.nil? || response.empty?
+      return if response.empty?
 
       raise Langchain::LLM::ApiError.new "OpenAI API error: #{response.dig("error", "message")}" if response&.dig("error")
 

data/lib/langchain/llm/parameters/chat.rb

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ module Langchain::LLM::Parameters
       presence_penalty: {}, # Range: [-2, 2]
       repetition_penalty: {}, # Range: (0, 2]
       seed: {}, # OpenAI only
-      store: {}, # store messages with OpenAI
 
       # Function-calling
       tools: {default: []},

data/lib/langchain/output_parsers/base.rb

@@ -28,4 +28,15 @@ module Langchain::OutputParsers
       raise NotImplementedError
     end
   end
+
+  class OutputParserException < StandardError
+    def initialize(message, text)
+      @message = message
+      @text = text
+    end
+
+    def to_s
+      "#{@message}\nText: #{@text}"
+    end
+  end
 end

data/lib/langchain/tool/calculator.rb

@@ -26,14 +26,13 @@ module Langchain::Tool
     # Evaluates a pure math expression or if equation contains non-math characters (e.g.: "12F in Celsius") then it uses the google search calculator to evaluate the expression
     #
     # @param input [String] math expression
-    # @return [Langchain::Tool::Response] Answer
+    # @return [String] Answer
     def execute(input:)
       Langchain.logger.debug("#{self.class} - Executing \"#{input}\"")
 
-      result = Eqn::Calculator.calc(input)
-      tool_response(content: result)
+      Eqn::Calculator.calc(input)
     rescue Eqn::ParseError, Eqn::NoVariableValueError
-      tool_response(content: "\"#{input}\" is an invalid mathematical expression")
+      "\"#{input}\" is an invalid mathematical expression"
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/langchain/tool/database.rb

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ module Langchain::Tool
   # Connects to a SQL database, executes SQL queries, and outputs DB schema for Agents to use
   #
   # Gem requirements:
-  #     gem "sequel", "~> 5.87.0"
+  #     gem "sequel", "~> 5.68.0"
   #
   # Usage:
   #     database = Langchain::Tool::Database.new(connection_string: "postgres://user:password@localhost:5432/db_name")
@@ -49,53 +49,50 @@ module Langchain::Tool
 
     # Database Tool: Returns a list of tables in the database
     #
-    # @return [Langchain::Tool::Response] List of tables in the database
+    # @return [Array<Symbol>] List of tables in the database
     def list_tables
-      tool_response(content: db.tables)
+      db.tables
     end
 
     # Database Tool: Returns the schema for a list of tables
     #
     # @param tables [Array<String>] The tables to describe.
-    # @return [Langchain::Tool::Response] The schema for the tables
+    # @return [String] The schema for the tables
     def describe_tables(tables: [])
       return "No tables specified" if tables.empty?
 
       Langchain.logger.debug("#{self.class} - Describing tables: #{tables}")
 
-      result = tables
+      tables
         .map do |table|
           describe_table(table)
         end
         .join("\n")
-
-      tool_response(content: result)
     end
 
     # Database Tool: Returns the database schema
     #
-    # @return [Langchain::Tool::Response] Database schema
+    # @return [String] Database schema
     def dump_schema
       Langchain.logger.debug("#{self.class} - Dumping schema tables and keys")
 
       schemas = db.tables.map do |table|
         describe_table(table)
       end
-
-      tool_response(content: schemas.join("\n"))
+      schemas.join("\n")
     end
 
     # Database Tool: Executes a SQL query and returns the results
     #
     # @param input [String] SQL query to be executed
-    # @return [Langchain::Tool::Response] Results from the SQL query
+    # @return [Array] Results from the SQL query
     def execute(input:)
       Langchain.logger.debug("#{self.class} - Executing \"#{input}\"")
 
-      tool_response(content: db[input].to_a)
+      db[input].to_a
     rescue Sequel::DatabaseError => e
       Langchain.logger.error("#{self.class} - #{e.message}")
-      tool_response(content: e.message)
+      e.message # Return error to LLM
     end
 
     private
@@ -103,7 +100,7 @@ module Langchain::Tool
     # Describes a table and its schema
     #
     # @param table [String] The table to describe
-    # @return [Langchain::Tool::Response] The schema for the table
+    # @return [String] The schema for the table
     def describe_table(table)
       # TODO: There's probably a clear way to do all of this below
 
@@ -118,7 +115,6 @@ module Langchain::Tool
         else
           primary_key_columns << column[0]
         end
-        schema << " COMMENT '#{column[1][:comment]}'" if column[1][:comment]
         schema << ",\n" unless column == db.schema(table).last && primary_key_column_count == 1
       end
       if primary_key_column_count > 1
@@ -130,8 +126,6 @@ module Langchain::Tool
         schema << ",\n" unless fk == db.foreign_key_list(table).last
       end
       schema << ");\n"
-
-      tool_response(content: schema)
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/langchain/tool/file_system.rb

@@ -24,22 +24,21 @@ module Langchain::Tool
     end
 
     def list_directory(directory_path:)
-      tool_response(content: Dir.entries(directory_path))
+      Dir.entries(directory_path)
     rescue Errno::ENOENT
-      tool_response(content: "No such directory: #{directory_path}")
+      "No such directory: #{directory_path}"
     end
 
     def read_file(file_path:)
-      tool_response(content: File.read(file_path))
+      File.read(file_path)
     rescue Errno::ENOENT
-      tool_response(content: "No such file: #{file_path}")
+      "No such file: #{file_path}"
     end
 
     def write_to_file(file_path:, content:)
       File.write(file_path, content)
-      tool_response(content: "File written successfully")
     rescue Errno::EACCES
-      tool_response(content: "Permission denied: #{file_path}")
+      "Permission denied: #{file_path}"
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/langchain/tool/google_search.rb

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ module Langchain::Tool
     # Executes Google Search and returns the result
     #
     # @param input [String] search query
-    # @return [Langchain::Tool::Response] Answer
+    # @return [String] Answer
     def execute(input:)
       Langchain.logger.debug("#{self.class} - Executing \"#{input}\"")
 
@@ -44,31 +44,31 @@ module Langchain::Tool
 
       answer_box = results[:answer_box_list] ? results[:answer_box_list].first : results[:answer_box]
       if answer_box
-        return tool_response(content: answer_box[:result] ||
+        return answer_box[:result] ||
             answer_box[:answer] ||
             answer_box[:snippet] ||
             answer_box[:snippet_highlighted_words] ||
-            answer_box.reject { |_k, v| v.is_a?(Hash) || v.is_a?(Array) || v.start_with?("http") })
+            answer_box.reject { |_k, v| v.is_a?(Hash) || v.is_a?(Array) || v.start_with?("http") }
       elsif (events_results = results[:events_results])
-        return tool_response(content: events_results.take(10))
+        return events_results.take(10)
       elsif (sports_results = results[:sports_results])
-        return tool_response(content: sports_results)
+        return sports_results
       elsif (top_stories = results[:top_stories])
-        return tool_response(content: top_stories)
+        return top_stories
       elsif (news_results = results[:news_results])
-        return tool_response(content: news_results)
+        return news_results
       elsif (jobs_results = results.dig(:jobs_results, :jobs))
-        return tool_response(content: jobs_results)
+        return jobs_results
       elsif (shopping_results = results[:shopping_results]) && shopping_results.first.key?(:title)
-        return tool_response(content: shopping_results.take(3))
+        return shopping_results.take(3)
       elsif (questions_and_answers = results[:questions_and_answers])
-        return tool_response(content: questions_and_answers)
+        return questions_and_answers
       elsif (popular_destinations = results.dig(:popular_destinations, :destinations))
-        return tool_response(content: popular_destinations)
+        return popular_destinations
       elsif (top_sights = results.dig(:top_sights, :sights))
-        return tool_response(content: top_sights)
+        return top_sights
       elsif (images_results = results[:images_results]) && images_results.first.key?(:thumbnail)
-        return tool_response(content: images_results.map { |h| h[:thumbnail] }.take(10))
+        return images_results.map { |h| h[:thumbnail] }.take(10)
       end
 
       snippets = []
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ module Langchain::Tool
         snippets << local_results
       end
 
-      return tool_response(content: "No good search result found") if snippets.empty?
-      tool_response(content: snippets)
+      return "No good search result found" if snippets.empty?
+      snippets
     end
 
     #

data/lib/langchain/tool/news_retriever.rb

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ module Langchain::Tool
     # @param page_size [Integer] The number of results to return per page. 20 is the API's default, 100 is the maximum. Our default is 5.
     # @param page [Integer] Use this to page through the results.
     #
-    # @return [Langchain::Tool::Response] JSON response
+    # @return [String] JSON response
     def get_everything(
       q: nil,
       search_in: nil,
@@ -86,8 +86,7 @@ module Langchain::Tool
       params[:pageSize] = page_size if page_size
       params[:page] = page if page
 
-      response = send_request(path: "everything", params: params)
-      tool_response(content: response)
+      send_request(path: "everything", params: params)
     end
 
     # Retrieve top headlines
@@ -99,7 +98,7 @@ module Langchain::Tool
     # @param page_size [Integer] The number of results to return per page. 20 is the API's default, 100 is the maximum. Our default is 5.
     # @param page [Integer] Use this to page through the results.
     #
-    # @return [Langchain::Tool::Response] JSON response
+    # @return [String] JSON response
     def get_top_headlines(
       country: nil,
       category: nil,
@@ -118,8 +117,7 @@ module Langchain::Tool
       params[:pageSize] = page_size if page_size
       params[:page] = page if page
 
-      response = send_request(path: "top-headlines", params: params)
-      tool_response(content: response)
+      send_request(path: "top-headlines", params: params)
     end
 
     # Retrieve news sources
@@ -128,7 +126,7 @@ module Langchain::Tool
     # @param language [String] The 2-letter ISO-639-1 code of the language you want to get headlines for. Possible options: ar, de, en, es, fr, he, it, nl, no, pt, ru, se, ud, zh.
     # @param country [String] The 2-letter ISO 3166-1 code of the country you want to get headlines for. Possible options: ae, ar, at, au, be, bg, br, ca, ch, cn, co, cu, cz, de, eg, fr, gb, gr, hk, hu, id, ie, il, in, it, jp, kr, lt, lv, ma, mx, my, ng, nl, no, nz, ph, pl, pt, ro, rs, ru, sa, se, sg, si, sk, th, tr, tw, ua, us, ve, za.
     #
-    # @return [Langchain::Tool::Response] JSON response
+    # @return [String] JSON response
     def get_sources(
       category: nil,
       language: nil,
@@ -141,8 +139,7 @@ module Langchain::Tool
       params[:category] = category if category
       params[:language] = language if language
 
-      response = send_request(path: "top-headlines/sources", params: params)
-      tool_response(content: response)
+      send_request(path: "top-headlines/sources", params: params)
     end
 
     private

data/lib/langchain/tool/ruby_code_interpreter.rb

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ module Langchain::Tool
   # A tool that execute Ruby code in a sandboxed environment.
   #
   # Gem requirements:
-  #     gem "safe_ruby", "~> 1.0.5"
+  #     gem "safe_ruby", "~> 1.0.4"
   #
   # Usage:
   #    interpreter = Langchain::Tool::RubyCodeInterpreter.new
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ module Langchain::Tool
     # Executes Ruby code in a sandboxes environment.
     #
     # @param input [String] ruby code expression
-    # @return [Langchain::Tool::Response] Answer
+    # @return [String] Answer
     def execute(input:)
       Langchain.logger.debug("#{self.class} - Executing \"#{input}\"")
 
-      tool_response(content: safe_eval(input))
+      safe_eval(input)
     end
 
     def safe_eval(code)

data/lib/langchain/tool/tavily.rb

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ module Langchain::Tool
     # @param include_domains [Array<String>] A list of domains to specifically include in the search results. Default is None, which includes all domains.
     # @param exclude_domains [Array<String>] A list of domains to specifically exclude from the search results. Default is None, which doesn't exclude any domains.
     #
-    # @return [Langchain::Tool::Response] The search results in JSON format.
+    # @return [String] The search results in JSON format.
     def search(
       query:,
       search_depth: "basic",
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ module Langchain::Tool
       response = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, use_ssl: uri.scheme == "https") do |http|
         http.request(request)
       end
-      tool_response(content: response.body)
+      response.body
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/langchain/tool/vectorsearch.rb

@@ -33,10 +33,8 @@ module Langchain::Tool
     #
     # @param query [String] The query to search for
     # @param k [Integer] The number of results to return
-    # @return [Langchain::Tool::Response] The response from the server
     def similarity_search(query:, k: 4)
-      result = vectorsearch.similarity_search(query:, k: 4)
-      tool_response(content: result)
+      vectorsearch.similarity_search(query:, k: 4)
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/langchain/tool/weather.rb

@@ -55,15 +55,15 @@ module Langchain::Tool
       params = {appid: @api_key, q: [city, state_code, country_code].compact.join(","), units: units}
 
       location_response = send_request(path: "geo/1.0/direct", params: params.except(:units))
-      return tool_response(content: location_response) if location_response.is_a?(String) # Error occurred
+      return location_response if location_response.is_a?(String) # Error occurred
 
       location = location_response.first
-      return tool_response(content: "Location not found") unless location
+      return "Location not found" unless location
 
       params = params.merge(lat: location["lat"], lon: location["lon"]).except(:q)
       weather_data = send_request(path: "data/2.5/weather", params: params)
 
-      tool_response(content: parse_weather_response(weather_data, units))
+      parse_weather_response(weather_data, units)
     end
 
     def send_request(path:, params:)

data/lib/langchain/tool/wikipedia.rb

@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@ module Langchain::Tool
     # Executes Wikipedia API search and returns the answer
     #
     # @param input [String] search query
-    # @return [Langchain::Tool::Response] Answer
+    # @return [String] Answer
     def execute(input:)
       Langchain.logger.debug("#{self.class} - Executing \"#{input}\"")
 
       page = ::Wikipedia.find(input)
       # It would be nice to figure out a way to provide page.content but the LLM token limit is an issue
-      tool_response(content: page.summary)
+      page.summary
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/langchain/tool_definition.rb

@@ -61,20 +61,6 @@ module Langchain::ToolDefinition
       .downcase
   end
 
-  def self.extended(base)
-    base.include(InstanceMethods)
-  end
-
-  module InstanceMethods
-    # Create a tool response
-    # @param content [String, nil] The content of the tool response
-    # @param image_url [String, nil] The URL of an image
-    # @return [Langchain::ToolResponse] The tool response
-    def tool_response(content: nil, image_url: nil)
-      Langchain::ToolResponse.new(content: content, image_url: image_url)
-    end
-  end
-
   # Manages schemas for functions
   class FunctionSchemas
     def initialize(tool_name)

data/lib/langchain/vectorsearch/base.rb

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ module Langchain::Vectorsearch
   # == Available vector databases
   #
   # - {Langchain::Vectorsearch::Chroma}
+  # - {Langchain::Vectorsearch::Epsilla}
   # - {Langchain::Vectorsearch::Elasticsearch}
   # - {Langchain::Vectorsearch::Hnswlib}
   # - {Langchain::Vectorsearch::Milvus}
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ module Langchain::Vectorsearch
   #     )
   #
   #     # You can instantiate other supported vector databases the same way:
+  #     epsilla  = Langchain::Vectorsearch::Epsilla.new(...)
   #     milvus   = Langchain::Vectorsearch::Milvus.new(...)
   #     qdrant   = Langchain::Vectorsearch::Qdrant.new(...)
   #     pinecone = Langchain::Vectorsearch::Pinecone.new(...)

data/lib/langchain/vectorsearch/chroma.rb

@@ -116,8 +116,7 @@ module Langchain::Vectorsearch
       count = collection.count
       n_results = [count, k].min
 
-      # workaround mentioned here: https://github.com/mariochavez/chroma/issues/29
-      collection.query(query_embeddings: [embedding], results: n_results, where: nil, where_document: nil)
+      collection.query(query_embeddings: [embedding], results: n_results)
     end
 
     # Ask a question and return the answer

data/lib/langchain/vectorsearch/elasticsearch.rb

@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ module Langchain::Vectorsearch
     # @yield [String] Stream responses back one String at a time
     # @return [String] The answer to the question
     def ask(question:, k: 4, &block)
-      search_results = similarity_search(text: question, k: k)
+      search_results = similarity_search(query: question, k: k)
 
       context = search_results.map do |result|
         result[:input]

data/lib/langchain/vectorsearch/epsilla.rb

@@ -21,8 +21,6 @@ module Langchain::Vectorsearch
     # @param index_name [String] The name of the Epsilla table to use
     # @param llm [Object] The LLM client to use
     def initialize(url:, db_name:, db_path:, index_name:, llm:)
-      Langchain.logger.warn "DEPRECATED: `Langchain::Vectorsearch::Epsilla` is deprecated, and will be removed in the next major version. Please use other vector storage engines."
-
       depends_on "epsilla-ruby", req: "epsilla"
 
       uri = URI.parse(url)

data/lib/langchain/vectorsearch/milvus.rb

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ module Langchain::Vectorsearch
 
       @client = ::Milvus::Client.new(
         url: url,
-        api_key: api_key,
         logger: Langchain.logger
       )
       @index_name = index_name

data/lib/langchain/vectorsearch/pgvector.rb

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ module Langchain::Vectorsearch
     # The PostgreSQL vector search adapter
     #
     # Gem requirements:
-    #     gem "sequel", "~> 5.87.0"
+    #     gem "sequel", "~> 5.68.0"
     #     gem "pgvector", "~> 0.2"
     #
     # Usage:
@@ -51,30 +51,17 @@ module Langchain::Vectorsearch
     # Upsert a list of texts to the index
     # @param texts [Array<String>] The texts to add to the index
     # @param ids [Array<Integer>] The ids of the objects to add to the index, in the same order as the texts
-    # @param metadata [Array<Hash>] The metadata to associate with each text, in the same order as the texts
     # @return [PG::Result] The response from the database including the ids of
     # the added or updated texts.
-    def upsert_texts(texts:, ids:, metadata: nil)
-      metadata = Array.new(texts.size, {}) if metadata.nil?
-
-      data = texts.zip(ids, metadata).flat_map do |text, id, meta|
-        {
-          id: id,
-          content: text,
-          vectors: llm.embed(text: text).embedding.to_s,
-          namespace: namespace,
-          metadata: meta.to_json
-        }
+    def upsert_texts(texts:, ids:)
+      data = texts.zip(ids).flat_map do |(text, id)|
+        {id: id, content: text, vectors: llm.embed(text: text).embedding.to_s, namespace: namespace}
       end
       # @db[table_name.to_sym].multi_insert(data, return: :primary_key)
       @db[table_name.to_sym]
         .insert_conflict(
           target: :id,
-          update: {
-            content: Sequel[:excluded][:content],
-            vectors: Sequel[:excluded][:vectors],
-            metadata: Sequel[:excluded][:metadata]
-          }
+          update: {content: Sequel[:excluded][:content], vectors: Sequel[:excluded][:vectors]}
         )
         .multi_insert(data, return: :primary_key)
     end
@@ -82,34 +69,25 @@ module Langchain::Vectorsearch
     # Add a list of texts to the index
     # @param texts [Array<String>] The texts to add to the index
     # @param ids [Array<String>] The ids to add to the index, in the same order as the texts
-    # @param metadata [Array<Hash>] The metadata to associate with each text, in the same order as the texts
     # @return [Array<Integer>] The the ids of the added texts.
-    def add_texts(texts:, ids: nil, metadata: nil)
-      metadata = Array.new(texts.size, {}) if metadata.nil?
-
+    def add_texts(texts:, ids: nil)
       if ids.nil? || ids.empty?
-        data = texts.zip(metadata).map do |text, meta|
-          {
-            content: text,
-            vectors: llm.embed(text: text).embedding.to_s,
-            namespace: namespace,
-            metadata: meta.to_json
-          }
+        data = texts.map do |text|
+          {content: text, vectors: llm.embed(text: text).embedding.to_s, namespace: namespace}
         end
 
         @db[table_name.to_sym].multi_insert(data, return: :primary_key)
       else
-        upsert_texts(texts: texts, ids: ids, metadata: metadata)
+        upsert_texts(texts: texts, ids: ids)
       end
     end
 
     # Update a list of ids and corresponding texts to the index
     # @param texts [Array<String>] The texts to add to the index
     # @param ids [Array<String>] The ids to add to the index, in the same order as the texts
-    # @param metadata [Array<Hash>] The metadata to associate with each text, in the same order as the texts
     # @return [Array<Integer>] The ids of the updated texts.
-    def update_texts(texts:, ids:, metadata: nil)
-      upsert_texts(texts: texts, ids: ids, metadata: metadata)
+    def update_texts(texts:, ids:)
+      upsert_texts(texts: texts, ids: ids)
     end
 
     # Remove a list of texts from the index
@@ -129,7 +107,6 @@ module Langchain::Vectorsearch
         text :content
         column :vectors, "vector(#{vector_dimensions})"
         text namespace_column.to_sym, default: nil
-        jsonb :metadata, default: "{}"
       end
     end
 
@@ -159,7 +136,6 @@ module Langchain::Vectorsearch
     def similarity_search_by_vector(embedding:, k: 4)
       db.transaction do # BEGIN
         documents_model
-          .select(:content, :metadata)
           .nearest_neighbors(:vectors, embedding, distance: operator).limit(k)
           .where(namespace_column.to_sym => namespace)
       end

data/lib/langchain/version.rb

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 module Langchain
-  VERSION = "0.19.5"
+  VERSION = "1.19.2"
 end

data/lib/langchain.rb

@@ -29,6 +29,10 @@ loader.inflector.inflect(
 
 loader.collapse("#{__dir__}/langchain/llm/response")
 
+# RubyCodeInterpreter does not work with Ruby 3.3;
+# https://github.com/ukutaht/safe_ruby/issues/4
+loader.ignore("#{__dir__}/langchain/tool/ruby_code_interpreter") if RUBY_VERSION >= "3.3.0"
+
 loader.setup
 
 # Langchain.rb a is library for building LLM-backed Ruby applications. It is an abstraction layer that sits on top of the emerging AI-related tools that makes it easy for developers to consume and string those services together.

metadata

@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
 --- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
 name: langchainrb
 version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-  version: 0.19.5
+  version: 1.19.2
 platform: ruby
 authors:
 - Andrei Bondarev
+autorequire:
 bindir: exe
 cert_chain: []
-date: 1980-01-02 00:00:00.000000000 Z
+date: 2024-11-25 00:00:00.000000000 Z
 dependencies:
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
   name: baran
@@ -23,40 +24,20 @@ dependencies:
     - - "~>"
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
         version: 0.1.9
-- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
-  name: csv
-  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
-    requirements:
-    - - ">="
-      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-        version: '0'
-  type: :runtime
-  prerelease: false
-  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
-    requirements:
-    - - ">="
-      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-        version: '0'
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
   name: json-schema
   requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
     requirements:
-    - - ">="
+    - - "~>"
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
         version: '4'
-    - - "<"
-      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-        version: '6'
   type: :runtime
   prerelease: false
   version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
     requirements:
-    - - ">="
+    - - "~>"
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
         version: '4'
-    - - "<"
-      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-        version: '6'
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
   name: zeitwerk
   requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
@@ -105,28 +86,28 @@ dependencies:
     requirements:
     - - "~>"
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-        version: 3.1.6
+        version: 2.7.6
   type: :development
   prerelease: false
   version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
     requirements:
     - - "~>"
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-        version: 3.1.6
+        version: 2.7.6
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
   name: pry-byebug
   requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
     requirements:
     - - "~>"
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-        version: 3.11.0
+        version: 3.10.0
   type: :development
   prerelease: false
   version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
     requirements:
     - - "~>"
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-        version: 3.11.0
+        version: 3.10.0
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
   name: yard
   requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
@@ -198,19 +179,19 @@ dependencies:
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
         version: 0.2.1
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
-  name: ruby-anthropic
+  name: anthropic
   requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
     requirements:
     - - "~>"
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-        version: '0.4'
+        version: '0.3'
   type: :development
   prerelease: false
   version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
     requirements:
     - - "~>"
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-        version: '0.4'
+        version: '0.3'
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
   name: aws-sdk-bedrockruntime
   requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
@@ -281,6 +262,20 @@ dependencies:
     - - "~>"
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
         version: 8.2.0
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: epsilla-ruby
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: 0.0.4
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: 0.0.4
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
   name: eqn
   requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
@@ -379,6 +374,20 @@ dependencies:
     - - "~>"
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
         version: 0.10.3
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: llama_cpp
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: 0.9.4
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: 0.9.4
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
   name: nokogiri
   requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
@@ -553,28 +562,28 @@ dependencies:
     requirements:
     - - "~>"
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-        version: 1.0.5
+        version: 1.0.4
   type: :development
   prerelease: false
   version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
     requirements:
     - - "~>"
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-        version: 1.0.5
+        version: 1.0.4
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
   name: sequel
   requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
     requirements:
     - - "~>"
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-        version: 5.87.0
+        version: 5.68.0
   type: :development
   prerelease: false
   version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
     requirements:
     - - "~>"
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-        version: 5.87.0
+        version: 5.68.0
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
   name: weaviate-ruby
   requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
@@ -695,7 +704,6 @@ files:
 - lib/langchain/loader.rb
 - lib/langchain/output_parsers/base.rb
 - lib/langchain/output_parsers/output_fixing_parser.rb
-- lib/langchain/output_parsers/output_parser_exception.rb
 - lib/langchain/output_parsers/prompts/naive_fix_prompt.yaml
 - lib/langchain/output_parsers/structured_output_parser.rb
 - lib/langchain/processors/base.rb
@@ -727,7 +735,6 @@ files:
 - lib/langchain/tool/weather.rb
 - lib/langchain/tool/wikipedia.rb
 - lib/langchain/tool_definition.rb
-- lib/langchain/tool_response.rb
 - lib/langchain/utils/cosine_similarity.rb
 - lib/langchain/utils/hash_transformer.rb
 - lib/langchain/utils/image_wrapper.rb
@@ -754,6 +761,7 @@ metadata:
   source_code_uri: https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb
   changelog_uri: https://github.com/patterns-ai-core/langchainrb/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md
   documentation_uri: https://rubydoc.info/gems/langchainrb
+post_install_message:
 rdoc_options: []
 require_paths:
 - lib
@@ -768,7 +776,8 @@ required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
     - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
       version: '0'
 requirements: []
-rubygems_version: 3.6.7
+rubygems_version: 3.5.20
+signing_key:
 specification_version: 4
 summary: Build LLM-backed Ruby applications with Ruby's Langchain.rb
 test_files: []

data/lib/langchain/output_parsers/output_parser_exception.rb

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-class Langchain::OutputParsers::OutputParserException < StandardError
-  def initialize(message, text)
-    @message = message
-    @text = text
-  end
-
-  def to_s
-    "#{@message}\nText: #{@text}"
-  end
-end

data/lib/langchain/tool_response.rb

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Langchain
-  # ToolResponse represents the standardized output of a tool.
-  # It can contain either text content or an image URL.
-  class ToolResponse
-    attr_reader :content, :image_url
-
-    # Initializes a new ToolResponse.
-    #
-    # @param content [String] The text content of the response.
-    # @param image_url [String, nil] Optional URL to an image.
-    def initialize(content: nil, image_url: nil)
-      raise ArgumentError, "Either content or image_url must be provided" if content.nil? && image_url.nil?
-
-      @content = content
-      @image_url = image_url
-    end
-
-    def to_s
-      content.to_s
-    end
-  end
-end