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laag-libtiff 4.0.9.0

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+<!-- Creator     : groff version 1.18.1 -->
+<!-- CreationDate: Sat Feb 24 18:37:20 2007 -->
+<html>
+<head>
+<meta name="generator" content="groff -Thtml, see www.gnu.org">
+<meta name="Content-Style" content="text/css">
+<title>TIFFCROP</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1 align=center>TIFFCROP</h1>
+<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br>
+<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
+<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br>
+<a href="#OPTIONS">OPTIONS</a><br>
+<a href="#EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a><br>
+<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br>
+<hr>
+<a name="NAME"></a>
+<h2>NAME</h2>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p>tiffcrop &minus; copy (and possibly convert and crop or
+process) a <small>TIFF</small> file</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
+<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>tiffcrop</b> [ <i>options</i> ] <i>src1.tif ...
+srcN.tif dst.tif</i></p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
+<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><i>tiffcrop</i> combines one or more files created
+according to the Tag Image File Format, Revision 6.0 into a
+single <small>TIFF</small> file. The output file may be
+compressed using a different algorithm than the input files.
+<i>tiffcrop</i> is most often used to extract portions of an
+image for processing with bar code recognizer or OCR
+software when that software cannot restrict the region of
+interest to a specific portion of the image or to improve
+efficiency when the regions of interest must be rotated.</p>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<p>By default, <i>tiffcrop</i> will copy all the understood
+tags in a <small>TIFF</small> directory of an input file to
+the associated directory in the output file.</p>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<p><i>tiffcrop</i> can be used to reorganize the storage
+characteristics of data in a file, and it will alter or
+convert the image data content as specified at the same
+time, unlike tiffcp.</p>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<p><i>tiffcrop</i> will behave exactly like tiffcp if none
+of the new options are specified.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<a name="OPTIONS"></a>
+<h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;N odd|even|#,#-#,#|last</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>sequences and ranges of images within file to process.
+The words <b>odd</b> or <b>even</b> may be used to specify
+all odd or even numbered images. The word <b>last</b> may be
+used in place of a number in the sequence to indicate the
+final image in the file without knowing how many images
+there are. Ranges of images may be specified with a dash and
+multiple sets can be indicated by joining them in a
+comma-separated list. e.g.. use <b>&minus;N 1,5-7,last</b>
+to process the 1st, 5th through 7th, and final image in the
+file.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;E top|bottom|left|right</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>use the top, bottom, left, or right edge as origin
+reference for width and length of crop regions. May be
+abbreviated to first letter.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;U in|cm|px</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>units to apply to dimensions for margins and crop
+regions. Inches or centimeters are converted to pixels using
+the resolution unit specified in the TIFF file (which
+defaults to inches if not specified in the IFD).</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;m #,#,#,#</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>margins to be removed from the image. The order must be
+top, left, bottom, right with only commas separating the
+elements of the list. Margins are scaled according to the
+current units and removed before any other extractions are
+computed. Capital M was in use.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- TABS -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="6%">
+<p><b>&minus;X #</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="2%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>horizontal (X-axis) dimension of a region to extract
+relative to the specified origin reference. If the origin is
+the top or bottom edge, the X axis value will be assumed to
+start at the left edge.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="6%">
+<p><b>&minus;Y #</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="2%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>vertical (Y-axis) dimension of a region to extract
+relative to the specified origin reference. If the origin is
+the left or right edge, the Y axis value will be assumed to
+start at the top.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;Z #:#,#:#</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>zones of the image designated as position X of Y equal
+sized portions measured from the reference edge, e.g. 1:3
+would be first third of the image starting from the
+reference edge minus any margins specified for the confining
+edges. Multiple zones can be specified as a comma separated
+list but they must reference the same edge. To extract the
+top quarter and the bottom third of an image you would use
+<b>&minus;Z 1:4,3:3.</b></p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;F horiz|vert</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>flip, i.e. mirror, the image or extracted region
+horizontally or vertically.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;R 90|180|270</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>rotate the image or extracted region 90, 180, or 270
+degrees clockwise.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- TABS -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="2%">
+<p><b>&minus;I</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="6%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>invert the colorspace values for grayscale and bi-level
+images. This would be used to correct negative images that
+have incorrect PHOTOMETRIC INTERPRETATION tags. No support
+for color images.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;b</b> <i>image</i></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>subtract the following monochrome image from all others
+processed. This can be used to remove a noise bias from a
+set of images. This bias image is typically an image of
+noise the camera saw with its shutter closed. Bias image
+support is not available with options for cropping,
+rotating, or inverting the image.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- TABS -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+<p><b>&minus;B</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Force output to be written with Big-Endian byte order.
+This option only has an effect when the output file is
+created or overwritten and not when it is appended to.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+<p><b>&minus;C</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Suppress the use of &lsquo;&lsquo;strip
+chopping&rsquo;&rsquo; when reading images that have a
+single strip/tile of uncompressed data.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+<p><b>&minus;c</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Specify the compression to use for data written to the
+output file: <b>none</b> for no compression, <b>packbits</b>
+for PackBits compression, <b>lzw</b> for Lempel-Ziv &amp;
+Welch compression, <b>jpeg</b> for baseline JPEG
+compression, <b>zip</b> for Deflate compression, <b>g3</b>
+for CCITT Group 3 (T.4) compression, and <b>g4</b> for CCITT
+Group 4 (T.6) compression. By default <i>tiffcrop</i> will
+compress data according to the value of the
+<i>Compression</i> tag found in the source file.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="17%"></td>
+<td width="82%">
+<p>The <small>CCITT</small> Group 3 and Group 4 compression
+algorithms can only be used with bi-level data.</p>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<p>Group 3 compression can be specified together with
+several T.4-specific options: <b>1d</b> for 1-dimensional
+encoding, <b>2d</b> for 2-dimensional encoding, and
+<b>fill</b> to force each encoded scanline to be zero-filled
+so that the terminating EOL code lies on a byte boundary.
+Group 3-specific options are specified by appending a
+&lsquo;&lsquo;:&rsquo;&rsquo;-separated list to the
+&lsquo;&lsquo;g3&rsquo;&rsquo; option; e.g. <b>&minus;c
+g3:2d:fill</b> to get 2D-encoded data with byte-aligned EOL
+codes.</p>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<p><small>LZW</small> compression can be specified together
+with a <i>predictor</i> value. A predictor value of 2 causes
+each scanline of the output image to undergo horizontal
+differencing before it is encoded; a value of 1 forces each
+scanline to be encoded without differencing. LZW-specific
+options are specified by appending a
+&lsquo;&lsquo;:&rsquo;&rsquo;-separated list to the
+&lsquo;&lsquo;lzw&rsquo;&rsquo; option; e.g. <b>&minus;c
+lzw:2</b> for <small>LZW</small> compression with horizontal
+differencing.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- TABS -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+<p><b>&minus;f</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Specify the bit fill order to use in writing output
+data. By default, <i>tiffcrop</i> will create a new file
+with the same fill order as the original. Specifying
+<b>&minus;f lsb2msb</b> will force data to be written with
+the FillOrder tag set to <small>LSB2MSB,</small> while
+<b>&minus;f msb2lsb</b> will force data to be written with
+the FillOrder tag set to <small>MSB2LSB.</small></p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+<p><b>&minus;i</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Ignore non-fatal read errors and continue processing of
+the input file.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+<p><b>&minus;l</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Specify the length of a tile (in pixels).
+<i>tiffcrop</i> attempts to set the tile dimensions so that
+no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a tile.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+<p><b>&minus;L</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Force output to be written with Little-Endian byte
+order. This option only has an effect when the output file
+is created or overwritten and not when it is appended
+to.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+<p><b>&minus;M</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Suppress the use of memory-mapped files when reading
+images.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+<p><b>&minus;p</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Specify the planar configuration to use in writing image
+data that has one 8-bit sample per pixel. By default,
+<i>tiffcrop</i> will create a new file with the same planar
+configuration as the original. Specifying <b>&minus;p
+contig</b> will force data to be written with multi-sample
+data packed together, while <b>&minus;p separate</b> will
+force samples to be written in separate planes.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+<p><b>&minus;r</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Specify the number of rows (scanlines) in each strip of
+data written to the output file. By default (or when value
+<b>0</b> is specified), <i>tiffcrop</i> attempts to set the
+rows/strip that no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a
+strip. If you specify special value <b>-1</b> it will
+results in infinite number of the rows per strip. The entire
+image will be the one strip in that case.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+<p><b>&minus;s</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
+in strips (rather than tiles).</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+<p><b>&minus;t</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
+in tiles (rather than strips). options can be used to force
+the resultant image to be written as strips or tiles of
+data, respectively.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+<p><b>&minus;w</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Specify the width of a tile (in pixels). <i>tiffcrop</i>
+attempts to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8
+kilobytes of data appear in a tile. <i>tiffcrop</i> attempts
+to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8 kilobytes
+of data appear in a tile.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;,={character}</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>substitute {character} for &rsquo;,&rsquo; in parsing
+image directory indices in files. This is necessary if
+filenames contain commas. Note that &rsquo;,=&rsquo; with
+whitespace immediately following will disable the special
+meaning of the &rsquo;,&rsquo; entirely. See examples.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<a name="EXAMPLES"></a>
+<h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p>The following concatenates two files and writes the
+result using <small>LZW</small> encoding:</p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="17%"></td>
+<td width="82%">
+<pre>tiffcrop -c lzw a.tif b.tif result.tif
+</pre>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p>To convert a G3 1d-encoded <small>TIFF</small> to a
+single strip of G4-encoded data the following might be
+used:</p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="17%"></td>
+<td width="82%">
+<pre>tiffcrop -c g4 -r 10000 g3.tif g4.tif
+</pre>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p>(1000 is just a number that is larger than the number of
+rows in the source file.)</p>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<p>To extract a selected set of images from a multi-image
+TIFF file use the -N option described above. Thus, to copy
+the 1st and 3rd images of image file &quot;album.tif&quot;
+to &quot;result.tif&quot;:</p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="17%"></td>
+<td width="82%">
+<pre>tiffcrop -N 1,3 album.tif result.tif
+</pre>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p>Given file &quot;CCD.tif&quot; whose first image is a
+noise bias followed by images which include that bias,
+subtract the noise from all those images following it (while
+decompressing) with the command:</p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="17%"></td>
+<td width="82%">
+<pre>tiffcrop -c none -b CCD.tif CCD.tif -d 2 result.tif
+</pre>
+</td>
+</table>
+<a name="SEE ALSO"></a>
+<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>pal2rgb</b>(1), <b>tiffinfo</b>(1), <b>tiffcmp</b>(1),
+<b>tiffcp</b>(1), <b>tiffmedian</b>(1), <b>tiffsplit</b>(1),
+<b>libtiff</b>(3TIFF)</p>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<p>Libtiff library home page:
+<b>http://www.simplesystems.org/libtiff/</b></p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<hr>
+</body>
+</html>