laag-harfbuzz 1.7.6.1

data/vendor/github.com/harfbuzz/harfbuzz/src/hb-common.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,1050 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright © 2009,2010  Red Hat, Inc.
+ * Copyright © 2011,2012  Google, Inc.
+ *
+ *  This is part of HarfBuzz, a text shaping library.
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, without written agreement and without
+ * license or royalty fees, to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
+ * software and its documentation for any purpose, provided that the
+ * above copyright notice and the following two paragraphs appear in
+ * all copies of this software.
+ *
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY FOR
+ * DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+ * ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE AND ITS DOCUMENTATION, EVEN
+ * IF THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
+ * DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
+ * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS
+ * ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER HAS NO OBLIGATION TO
+ * PROVIDE MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS.
+ *
+ * Red Hat Author(s): Behdad Esfahbod
+ * Google Author(s): Behdad Esfahbod
+ */
+
+#include "hb-private.hh"
+
+#include "hb-mutex-private.hh"
+#include "hb-object-private.hh"
+
+#include <locale.h>
+#ifdef HAVE_XLOCALE_H
+#include <xlocale.h>
+#endif
+
+
+/* hb_options_t */
+
+hb_options_union_t _hb_options;
+
+void
+_hb_options_init (void)
+{
+  hb_options_union_t u;
+  u.i = 0;
+  u.opts.initialized = 1;
+
+  char *c = getenv ("HB_OPTIONS");
+  u.opts.uniscribe_bug_compatible = c && strstr (c, "uniscribe-bug-compatible");
+
+  /* This is idempotent and threadsafe. */
+  _hb_options = u;
+}
+
+
+/* hb_tag_t */
+
+/**
+ * hb_tag_from_string:
+ * @str: (array length=len) (element-type uint8_t): 
+ * @len: 
+ *
+ * 
+ *
+ * Return value: 
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.2
+ **/
+hb_tag_t
+hb_tag_from_string (const char *str, int len)
+{
+  char tag[4];
+  unsigned int i;
+
+  if (!str || !len || !*str)
+    return HB_TAG_NONE;
+
+  if (len < 0 || len > 4)
+    len = 4;
+  for (i = 0; i < (unsigned) len && str[i]; i++)
+    tag[i] = str[i];
+  for (; i < 4; i++)
+    tag[i] = ' ';
+
+  return HB_TAG (tag[0], tag[1], tag[2], tag[3]);
+}
+
+/**
+ * hb_tag_to_string:
+ * @tag: 
+ * @buf: (out caller-allocates) (array fixed-size=4) (element-type uint8_t): 
+ *
+ * 
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.5
+ **/
+void
+hb_tag_to_string (hb_tag_t tag, char *buf)
+{
+  buf[0] = (char) (uint8_t) (tag >> 24);
+  buf[1] = (char) (uint8_t) (tag >> 16);
+  buf[2] = (char) (uint8_t) (tag >>  8);
+  buf[3] = (char) (uint8_t) (tag >>  0);
+}
+
+
+/* hb_direction_t */
+
+const char direction_strings[][4] = {
+  "ltr",
+  "rtl",
+  "ttb",
+  "btt"
+};
+
+/**
+ * hb_direction_from_string:
+ * @str: (array length=len) (element-type uint8_t): 
+ * @len: 
+ *
+ * 
+ *
+ * Return value: 
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.2
+ **/
+hb_direction_t
+hb_direction_from_string (const char *str, int len)
+{
+  if (unlikely (!str || !len || !*str))
+    return HB_DIRECTION_INVALID;
+
+  /* Lets match loosely: just match the first letter, such that
+   * all of "ltr", "left-to-right", etc work!
+   */
+  char c = TOLOWER (str[0]);
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < ARRAY_LENGTH (direction_strings); i++)
+    if (c == direction_strings[i][0])
+      return (hb_direction_t) (HB_DIRECTION_LTR + i);
+
+  return HB_DIRECTION_INVALID;
+}
+
+/**
+ * hb_direction_to_string:
+ * @direction: 
+ *
+ * 
+ *
+ * Return value: (transfer none): 
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.2
+ **/
+const char *
+hb_direction_to_string (hb_direction_t direction)
+{
+  if (likely ((unsigned int) (direction - HB_DIRECTION_LTR)
+	      < ARRAY_LENGTH (direction_strings)))
+    return direction_strings[direction - HB_DIRECTION_LTR];
+
+  return "invalid";
+}
+
+
+/* hb_language_t */
+
+struct hb_language_impl_t {
+  const char s[1];
+};
+
+static const char canon_map[256] = {
+   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,    0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,    0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,    0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  '-',  0,   0,
+  '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7',  '8', '9',  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+  '-', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g',  'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o',
+  'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w',  'x', 'y', 'z',  0,   0,   0,   0,  '-',
+   0,  'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g',  'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o',
+  'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w',  'x', 'y', 'z',  0,   0,   0,   0,   0
+};
+
+static bool
+lang_equal (hb_language_t  v1,
+	    const void    *v2)
+{
+  const unsigned char *p1 = (const unsigned char *) v1;
+  const unsigned char *p2 = (const unsigned char *) v2;
+
+  while (*p1 && *p1 == canon_map[*p2]) {
+    p1++;
+    p2++;
+  }
+
+  return *p1 == canon_map[*p2];
+}
+
+#if 0
+static unsigned int
+lang_hash (const void *key)
+{
+  const unsigned char *p = key;
+  unsigned int h = 0;
+  while (canon_map[*p])
+    {
+      h = (h << 5) - h + canon_map[*p];
+      p++;
+    }
+
+  return h;
+}
+#endif
+
+
+struct hb_language_item_t {
+
+  struct hb_language_item_t *next;
+  hb_language_t lang;
+
+  inline bool operator == (const char *s) const {
+    return lang_equal (lang, s);
+  }
+
+  inline hb_language_item_t & operator = (const char *s) {
+    /* If a custom allocated is used calling strdup() pairs
+    badly with a call to the custom free() in finish() below.
+    Therefore don't call strdup(), implement its behavior.
+    */
+    size_t len = strlen(s) + 1;
+    lang = (hb_language_t) malloc(len);
+    if (likely (lang))
+    {
+      memcpy((unsigned char *) lang, s, len);
+      for (unsigned char *p = (unsigned char *) lang; *p; p++)
+	*p = canon_map[*p];
+    }
+
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  void finish (void) { free ((void *) lang); }
+};
+
+
+/* Thread-safe lock-free language list */
+
+static hb_language_item_t *langs;
+
+#ifdef HB_USE_ATEXIT
+static void
+free_langs (void)
+{
+  while (langs) {
+    hb_language_item_t *next = langs->next;
+    langs->finish ();
+    free (langs);
+    langs = next;
+  }
+}
+#endif
+
+static hb_language_item_t *
+lang_find_or_insert (const char *key)
+{
+retry:
+  hb_language_item_t *first_lang = (hb_language_item_t *) hb_atomic_ptr_get (&langs);
+
+  for (hb_language_item_t *lang = first_lang; lang; lang = lang->next)
+    if (*lang == key)
+      return lang;
+
+  /* Not found; allocate one. */
+  hb_language_item_t *lang = (hb_language_item_t *) calloc (1, sizeof (hb_language_item_t));
+  if (unlikely (!lang))
+    return nullptr;
+  lang->next = first_lang;
+  *lang = key;
+  if (unlikely (!lang->lang))
+  {
+    free (lang);
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  if (!hb_atomic_ptr_cmpexch (&langs, first_lang, lang)) {
+    lang->finish ();
+    free (lang);
+    goto retry;
+  }
+
+#ifdef HB_USE_ATEXIT
+  if (!first_lang)
+    atexit (free_langs); /* First person registers atexit() callback. */
+#endif
+
+  return lang;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * hb_language_from_string:
+ * @str: (array length=len) (element-type uint8_t): a string representing
+ *       ISO 639 language code
+ * @len: length of the @str, or -1 if it is %NULL-terminated.
+ *
+ * Converts @str representing an ISO 639 language code to the corresponding
+ * #hb_language_t.
+ *
+ * Return value: (transfer none):
+ * The #hb_language_t corresponding to the ISO 639 language code.
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.2
+ **/
+hb_language_t
+hb_language_from_string (const char *str, int len)
+{
+  if (!str || !len || !*str)
+    return HB_LANGUAGE_INVALID;
+
+  hb_language_item_t *item = nullptr;
+  if (len >= 0)
+  {
+    /* NUL-terminate it. */
+    char strbuf[64];
+    len = MIN (len, (int) sizeof (strbuf) - 1);
+    memcpy (strbuf, str, len);
+    strbuf[len] = '\0';
+    item = lang_find_or_insert (strbuf);
+  }
+  else
+    item = lang_find_or_insert (str);
+
+  return likely (item) ? item->lang : HB_LANGUAGE_INVALID;
+}
+
+/**
+ * hb_language_to_string:
+ * @language: an #hb_language_t to convert.
+ *
+ * See hb_language_from_string().
+ *
+ * Return value: (transfer none):
+ * A %NULL-terminated string representing the @language. Must not be freed by
+ * the caller.
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.2
+ **/
+const char *
+hb_language_to_string (hb_language_t language)
+{
+  /* This is actually nullptr-safe! */
+  return language->s;
+}
+
+/**
+ * hb_language_get_default:
+ *
+ * 
+ *
+ * Return value: (transfer none):
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.2
+ **/
+hb_language_t
+hb_language_get_default (void)
+{
+  static hb_language_t default_language = HB_LANGUAGE_INVALID;
+
+  hb_language_t language = (hb_language_t) hb_atomic_ptr_get (&default_language);
+  if (unlikely (language == HB_LANGUAGE_INVALID)) {
+    language = hb_language_from_string (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, nullptr), -1);
+    (void) hb_atomic_ptr_cmpexch (&default_language, HB_LANGUAGE_INVALID, language);
+  }
+
+  return default_language;
+}
+
+
+/* hb_script_t */
+
+/**
+ * hb_script_from_iso15924_tag:
+ * @tag: an #hb_tag_t representing an ISO 15924 tag.
+ *
+ * Converts an ISO 15924 script tag to a corresponding #hb_script_t.
+ *
+ * Return value: 
+ * An #hb_script_t corresponding to the ISO 15924 tag.
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.2
+ **/
+hb_script_t
+hb_script_from_iso15924_tag (hb_tag_t tag)
+{
+  if (unlikely (tag == HB_TAG_NONE))
+    return HB_SCRIPT_INVALID;
+
+  /* Be lenient, adjust case (one capital letter followed by three small letters) */
+  tag = (tag & 0xDFDFDFDFu) | 0x00202020u;
+
+  switch (tag) {
+
+    /* These graduated from the 'Q' private-area codes, but
+     * the old code is still aliased by Unicode, and the Qaai
+     * one in use by ICU. */
+    case HB_TAG('Q','a','a','i'): return HB_SCRIPT_INHERITED;
+    case HB_TAG('Q','a','a','c'): return HB_SCRIPT_COPTIC;
+
+    /* Script variants from http://unicode.org/iso15924/ */
+    case HB_TAG('C','y','r','s'): return HB_SCRIPT_CYRILLIC;
+    case HB_TAG('L','a','t','f'): return HB_SCRIPT_LATIN;
+    case HB_TAG('L','a','t','g'): return HB_SCRIPT_LATIN;
+    case HB_TAG('S','y','r','e'): return HB_SCRIPT_SYRIAC;
+    case HB_TAG('S','y','r','j'): return HB_SCRIPT_SYRIAC;
+    case HB_TAG('S','y','r','n'): return HB_SCRIPT_SYRIAC;
+  }
+
+  /* If it looks right, just use the tag as a script */
+  if (((uint32_t) tag & 0xE0E0E0E0u) == 0x40606060u)
+    return (hb_script_t) tag;
+
+  /* Otherwise, return unknown */
+  return HB_SCRIPT_UNKNOWN;
+}
+
+/**
+ * hb_script_from_string:
+ * @str: (array length=len) (element-type uint8_t): a string representing an
+ *       ISO 15924 tag.
+ * @len: length of the @str, or -1 if it is %NULL-terminated.
+ *
+ * Converts a string @str representing an ISO 15924 script tag to a
+ * corresponding #hb_script_t. Shorthand for hb_tag_from_string() then
+ * hb_script_from_iso15924_tag().
+ *
+ * Return value: 
+ * An #hb_script_t corresponding to the ISO 15924 tag.
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.2
+ **/
+hb_script_t
+hb_script_from_string (const char *str, int len)
+{
+  return hb_script_from_iso15924_tag (hb_tag_from_string (str, len));
+}
+
+/**
+ * hb_script_to_iso15924_tag:
+ * @script: an #hb_script_ to convert.
+ *
+ * See hb_script_from_iso15924_tag().
+ *
+ * Return value:
+ * An #hb_tag_t representing an ISO 15924 script tag.
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.2
+ **/
+hb_tag_t
+hb_script_to_iso15924_tag (hb_script_t script)
+{
+  return (hb_tag_t) script;
+}
+
+/**
+ * hb_script_get_horizontal_direction:
+ * @script: 
+ *
+ * 
+ *
+ * Return value: 
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.2
+ **/
+hb_direction_t
+hb_script_get_horizontal_direction (hb_script_t script)
+{
+  /* http://goo.gl/x9ilM */
+  switch ((hb_tag_t) script)
+  {
+    /* Unicode-1.1 additions */
+    case HB_SCRIPT_ARABIC:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_HEBREW:
+
+    /* Unicode-3.0 additions */
+    case HB_SCRIPT_SYRIAC:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_THAANA:
+
+    /* Unicode-4.0 additions */
+    case HB_SCRIPT_CYPRIOT:
+
+    /* Unicode-4.1 additions */
+    case HB_SCRIPT_KHAROSHTHI:
+
+    /* Unicode-5.0 additions */
+    case HB_SCRIPT_PHOENICIAN:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_NKO:
+
+    /* Unicode-5.1 additions */
+    case HB_SCRIPT_LYDIAN:
+
+    /* Unicode-5.2 additions */
+    case HB_SCRIPT_AVESTAN:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_IMPERIAL_ARAMAIC:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_INSCRIPTIONAL_PAHLAVI:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_INSCRIPTIONAL_PARTHIAN:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_OLD_SOUTH_ARABIAN:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_OLD_TURKIC:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_SAMARITAN:
+
+    /* Unicode-6.0 additions */
+    case HB_SCRIPT_MANDAIC:
+
+    /* Unicode-6.1 additions */
+    case HB_SCRIPT_MEROITIC_CURSIVE:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_MEROITIC_HIEROGLYPHS:
+
+    /* Unicode-7.0 additions */
+    case HB_SCRIPT_MANICHAEAN:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_MENDE_KIKAKUI:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_NABATAEAN:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_OLD_NORTH_ARABIAN:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_PALMYRENE:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_PSALTER_PAHLAVI:
+
+    /* Unicode-8.0 additions */
+    case HB_SCRIPT_HATRAN:
+    case HB_SCRIPT_OLD_HUNGARIAN:
+
+    /* Unicode-9.0 additions */
+    case HB_SCRIPT_ADLAM:
+
+      return HB_DIRECTION_RTL;
+  }
+
+  return HB_DIRECTION_LTR;
+}
+
+
+/* hb_user_data_array_t */
+
+bool
+hb_user_data_array_t::set (hb_user_data_key_t *key,
+			   void *              data,
+			   hb_destroy_func_t   destroy,
+			   hb_bool_t           replace)
+{
+  if (!key)
+    return false;
+
+  if (replace) {
+    if (!data && !destroy) {
+      items.remove (key, lock);
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  hb_user_data_item_t item = {key, data, destroy};
+  bool ret = !!items.replace_or_insert (item, lock, (bool) replace);
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+void *
+hb_user_data_array_t::get (hb_user_data_key_t *key)
+{
+  hb_user_data_item_t item = {nullptr, nullptr, nullptr};
+
+  return items.find (key, &item, lock) ? item.data : nullptr;
+}
+
+
+/* hb_version */
+
+/**
+ * hb_version:
+ * @major: (out): Library major version component.
+ * @minor: (out): Library minor version component.
+ * @micro: (out): Library micro version component.
+ *
+ * Returns library version as three integer components.
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.2
+ **/
+void
+hb_version (unsigned int *major,
+	    unsigned int *minor,
+	    unsigned int *micro)
+{
+  *major = HB_VERSION_MAJOR;
+  *minor = HB_VERSION_MINOR;
+  *micro = HB_VERSION_MICRO;
+}
+
+/**
+ * hb_version_string:
+ *
+ * Returns library version as a string with three components.
+ *
+ * Return value: library version string.
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.2
+ **/
+const char *
+hb_version_string (void)
+{
+  return HB_VERSION_STRING;
+}
+
+/**
+ * hb_version_atleast:
+ * @major: 
+ * @minor: 
+ * @micro: 
+ *
+ * 
+ *
+ * Return value: 
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.30
+ **/
+hb_bool_t
+hb_version_atleast (unsigned int major,
+		    unsigned int minor,
+		    unsigned int micro)
+{
+  return HB_VERSION_ATLEAST (major, minor, micro);
+}
+
+
+
+/* hb_feature_t and hb_variation_t */
+
+static bool
+parse_space (const char **pp, const char *end)
+{
+  while (*pp < end && ISSPACE (**pp))
+    (*pp)++;
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool
+parse_char (const char **pp, const char *end, char c)
+{
+  parse_space (pp, end);
+
+  if (*pp == end || **pp != c)
+    return false;
+
+  (*pp)++;
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool
+parse_uint (const char **pp, const char *end, unsigned int *pv)
+{
+  char buf[32];
+  unsigned int len = MIN (ARRAY_LENGTH (buf) - 1, (unsigned int) (end - *pp));
+  strncpy (buf, *pp, len);
+  buf[len] = '\0';
+
+  char *p = buf;
+  char *pend = p;
+  unsigned int v;
+
+  /* Intentionally use strtol instead of strtoul, such that
+   * -1 turns into "big number"... */
+  errno = 0;
+  v = strtol (p, &pend, 0);
+  if (errno || p == pend)
+    return false;
+
+  *pv = v;
+  *pp += pend - p;
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool
+parse_uint32 (const char **pp, const char *end, uint32_t *pv)
+{
+  char buf[32];
+  unsigned int len = MIN (ARRAY_LENGTH (buf) - 1, (unsigned int) (end - *pp));
+  strncpy (buf, *pp, len);
+  buf[len] = '\0';
+
+  char *p = buf;
+  char *pend = p;
+  unsigned int v;
+
+  /* Intentionally use strtol instead of strtoul, such that
+   * -1 turns into "big number"... */
+  errno = 0;
+  v = strtol (p, &pend, 0);
+  if (errno || p == pend)
+    return false;
+
+  *pv = v;
+  *pp += pend - p;
+  return true;
+}
+
+#if defined (HAVE_NEWLOCALE) && defined (HAVE_STRTOD_L)
+#define USE_XLOCALE 1
+#define HB_LOCALE_T locale_t
+#define HB_CREATE_LOCALE(locName) newlocale (LC_ALL_MASK, locName, nullptr)
+#define HB_FREE_LOCALE(loc) freelocale (loc)
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+#define USE_XLOCALE 1
+#define HB_LOCALE_T _locale_t
+#define HB_CREATE_LOCALE(locName) _create_locale (LC_ALL, locName)
+#define HB_FREE_LOCALE(loc) _free_locale (loc)
+#define strtod_l(a, b, c) _strtod_l ((a), (b), (c))
+#endif
+
+#ifdef USE_XLOCALE
+
+static HB_LOCALE_T C_locale;
+
+#ifdef HB_USE_ATEXIT
+static void
+free_C_locale (void)
+{
+  if (C_locale)
+    HB_FREE_LOCALE (C_locale);
+}
+#endif
+
+static HB_LOCALE_T
+get_C_locale (void)
+{
+retry:
+  HB_LOCALE_T C = (HB_LOCALE_T) hb_atomic_ptr_get (&C_locale);
+
+  if (unlikely (!C))
+  {
+    C = HB_CREATE_LOCALE ("C");
+
+    if (!hb_atomic_ptr_cmpexch (&C_locale, nullptr, C))
+    {
+      HB_FREE_LOCALE (C_locale);
+      goto retry;
+    }
+
+#ifdef HB_USE_ATEXIT
+    atexit (free_C_locale); /* First person registers atexit() callback. */
+#endif
+  }
+
+  return C;
+}
+#endif
+
+static bool
+parse_float (const char **pp, const char *end, float *pv)
+{
+  char buf[32];
+  unsigned int len = MIN (ARRAY_LENGTH (buf) - 1, (unsigned int) (end - *pp));
+  strncpy (buf, *pp, len);
+  buf[len] = '\0';
+
+  char *p = buf;
+  char *pend = p;
+  float v;
+
+  errno = 0;
+#ifdef USE_XLOCALE
+  v = strtod_l (p, &pend, get_C_locale ());
+#else
+  v = strtod (p, &pend);
+#endif
+  if (errno || p == pend)
+    return false;
+
+  *pv = v;
+  *pp += pend - p;
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool
+parse_bool (const char **pp, const char *end, uint32_t *pv)
+{
+  parse_space (pp, end);
+
+  const char *p = *pp;
+  while (*pp < end && ISALPHA(**pp))
+    (*pp)++;
+
+  /* CSS allows on/off as aliases 1/0. */
+  if (*pp - p == 2 && 0 == strncmp (p, "on", 2))
+    *pv = 1;
+  else if (*pp - p == 3 && 0 == strncmp (p, "off", 3))
+    *pv = 0;
+  else
+    return false;
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+/* hb_feature_t */
+
+static bool
+parse_feature_value_prefix (const char **pp, const char *end, hb_feature_t *feature)
+{
+  if (parse_char (pp, end, '-'))
+    feature->value = 0;
+  else {
+    parse_char (pp, end, '+');
+    feature->value = 1;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool
+parse_tag (const char **pp, const char *end, hb_tag_t *tag)
+{
+  parse_space (pp, end);
+
+  char quote = 0;
+
+  if (*pp < end && (**pp == '\'' || **pp == '"'))
+  {
+    quote = **pp;
+    (*pp)++;
+  }
+
+  const char *p = *pp;
+  while (*pp < end && ISALNUM(**pp))
+    (*pp)++;
+
+  if (p == *pp || *pp - p > 4)
+    return false;
+
+  *tag = hb_tag_from_string (p, *pp - p);
+
+  if (quote)
+  {
+    /* CSS expects exactly four bytes.  And we only allow quotations for
+     * CSS compatibility.  So, enforce the length. */
+     if (*pp - p != 4)
+       return false;
+    if (*pp == end || **pp != quote)
+      return false;
+    (*pp)++;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool
+parse_feature_indices (const char **pp, const char *end, hb_feature_t *feature)
+{
+  parse_space (pp, end);
+
+  bool has_start;
+
+  feature->start = 0;
+  feature->end = (unsigned int) -1;
+
+  if (!parse_char (pp, end, '['))
+    return true;
+
+  has_start = parse_uint (pp, end, &feature->start);
+
+  if (parse_char (pp, end, ':')) {
+    parse_uint (pp, end, &feature->end);
+  } else {
+    if (has_start)
+      feature->end = feature->start + 1;
+  }
+
+  return parse_char (pp, end, ']');
+}
+
+static bool
+parse_feature_value_postfix (const char **pp, const char *end, hb_feature_t *feature)
+{
+  bool had_equal = parse_char (pp, end, '=');
+  bool had_value = parse_uint32 (pp, end, &feature->value) ||
+                   parse_bool (pp, end, &feature->value);
+  /* CSS doesn't use equal-sign between tag and value.
+   * If there was an equal-sign, then there *must* be a value.
+   * A value without an equal-sign is ok, but not required. */
+  return !had_equal || had_value;
+}
+
+static bool
+parse_one_feature (const char **pp, const char *end, hb_feature_t *feature)
+{
+  return parse_feature_value_prefix (pp, end, feature) &&
+	 parse_tag (pp, end, &feature->tag) &&
+	 parse_feature_indices (pp, end, feature) &&
+	 parse_feature_value_postfix (pp, end, feature) &&
+	 parse_space (pp, end) &&
+	 *pp == end;
+}
+
+/**
+ * hb_feature_from_string:
+ * @str: (array length=len) (element-type uint8_t): a string to parse
+ * @len: length of @str, or -1 if string is %NULL terminated
+ * @feature: (out): the #hb_feature_t to initialize with the parsed values
+ *
+ * Parses a string into a #hb_feature_t.
+ *
+ * TODO: document the syntax here.
+ *
+ * Return value:
+ * %true if @str is successfully parsed, %false otherwise.
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.5
+ **/
+hb_bool_t
+hb_feature_from_string (const char *str, int len,
+			hb_feature_t *feature)
+{
+  hb_feature_t feat;
+
+  if (len < 0)
+    len = strlen (str);
+
+  if (likely (parse_one_feature (&str, str + len, &feat)))
+  {
+    if (feature)
+      *feature = feat;
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (feature)
+    memset (feature, 0, sizeof (*feature));
+  return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * hb_feature_to_string:
+ * @feature: an #hb_feature_t to convert
+ * @buf: (array length=size) (out): output string
+ * @size: the allocated size of @buf
+ *
+ * Converts a #hb_feature_t into a %NULL-terminated string in the format
+ * understood by hb_feature_from_string(). The client in responsible for
+ * allocating big enough size for @buf, 128 bytes is more than enough.
+ *
+ * Since: 0.9.5
+ **/
+void
+hb_feature_to_string (hb_feature_t *feature,
+		      char *buf, unsigned int size)
+{
+  if (unlikely (!size)) return;
+
+  char s[128];
+  unsigned int len = 0;
+  if (feature->value == 0)
+    s[len++] = '-';
+  hb_tag_to_string (feature->tag, s + len);
+  len += 4;
+  while (len && s[len - 1] == ' ')
+    len--;
+  if (feature->start != 0 || feature->end != (unsigned int) -1)
+  {
+    s[len++] = '[';
+    if (feature->start)
+      len += MAX (0, snprintf (s + len, ARRAY_LENGTH (s) - len, "%u", feature->start));
+    if (feature->end != feature->start + 1) {
+      s[len++] = ':';
+      if (feature->end != (unsigned int) -1)
+	len += MAX (0, snprintf (s + len, ARRAY_LENGTH (s) - len, "%u", feature->end));
+    }
+    s[len++] = ']';
+  }
+  if (feature->value > 1)
+  {
+    s[len++] = '=';
+    len += MAX (0, snprintf (s + len, ARRAY_LENGTH (s) - len, "%u", feature->value));
+  }
+  assert (len < ARRAY_LENGTH (s));
+  len = MIN (len, size - 1);
+  memcpy (buf, s, len);
+  buf[len] = '\0';
+}
+
+/* hb_variation_t */
+
+static bool
+parse_variation_value (const char **pp, const char *end, hb_variation_t *variation)
+{
+  parse_char (pp, end, '='); /* Optional. */
+  return parse_float (pp, end, &variation->value);
+}
+
+static bool
+parse_one_variation (const char **pp, const char *end, hb_variation_t *variation)
+{
+  return parse_tag (pp, end, &variation->tag) &&
+	 parse_variation_value (pp, end, variation) &&
+	 parse_space (pp, end) &&
+	 *pp == end;
+}
+
+/**
+ * hb_variation_from_string:
+ *
+ * Since: 1.4.2
+ */
+hb_bool_t
+hb_variation_from_string (const char *str, int len,
+			  hb_variation_t *variation)
+{
+  hb_variation_t var;
+
+  if (len < 0)
+    len = strlen (str);
+
+  if (likely (parse_one_variation (&str, str + len, &var)))
+  {
+    if (variation)
+      *variation = var;
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (variation)
+    memset (variation, 0, sizeof (*variation));
+  return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * hb_variation_to_string:
+ *
+ * Since: 1.4.2
+ */
+void
+hb_variation_to_string (hb_variation_t *variation,
+			char *buf, unsigned int size)
+{
+  if (unlikely (!size)) return;
+
+  char s[128];
+  unsigned int len = 0;
+  hb_tag_to_string (variation->tag, s + len);
+  len += 4;
+  while (len && s[len - 1] == ' ')
+    len--;
+  s[len++] = '=';
+  len += MAX (0, snprintf (s + len, ARRAY_LENGTH (s) - len, "%g", variation->value));
+
+  assert (len < ARRAY_LENGTH (s));
+  len = MIN (len, size - 1);
+  memcpy (buf, s, len);
+  buf[len] = '\0';
+}