koala 0.9.0 → 1.1.0

data/lib/koala.rb

@@ -1,296 +1,134 @@
 require 'cgi'
 require 'digest/md5'
 
-# rubygems is required to support json, how facebook returns data
-require 'rubygems'
-require 'json'
+require 'multi_json'
 
-# openssl is required to support signed_request
+# OpenSSL and Base64 are required to support signed_request
 require 'openssl'
+require 'base64'
 
-# include default http services
+# include koala modules
 require 'koala/http_services'
-
-# add Graph API methods
+require 'koala/http_services/net_http_service'
+require 'koala/oauth'
 require 'koala/graph_api'
-
-# add REST API methods
+require 'koala/graph_batch_api'
+require 'koala/batch_operation'
+require 'koala/graph_collection'
 require 'koala/rest_api'
-
 require 'koala/realtime_updates'
+require 'koala/test_users'
+require 'koala/http_services'
+
+# add KoalaIO class
+require 'koala/uploadable_io'
 
 module Koala
-    
+
   module Facebook
     # Ruby client library for the Facebook Platform.
-    # Copyright 2010 Facebook
-    # Adapted from the Python library by Alex Koppel, Rafi Jacoby, and the team at Context Optional
-    #
-    # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
-    # not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
-    # a copy of the License at
-    #     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-    #
-    # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-    # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
-    # WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
-    # License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
-    # under the License.
-    # 
-    # This client library is designed to support the Graph API and the official
-    # Facebook JavaScript SDK, which is the canonical way to implement
-    # Facebook authentication. Read more about the Graph API at
-    # http://developers.facebook.com/docs/api. You can download the Facebook
-    # JavaScript SDK at http://github.com/facebook/connect-js/.
+    # Copyright 2010-2011 Alex Koppel
+    # Contributors: Alex Koppel, Chris Baclig, Rafi Jacoby, and the team at Context Optional
+    # http://github.com/arsduo/koala
 
     class API
-      # initialize with an access token 
+      # initialize with an access token
       def initialize(access_token = nil)
         @access_token = access_token
       end
-      
+      attr_reader :access_token
+
       def api(path, args = {}, verb = "get", options = {}, &error_checking_block)
         # Fetches the given path in the Graph API.
         args["access_token"] = @access_token || @app_access_token if @access_token || @app_access_token
-
+        
         # add a leading /
         path = "/#{path}" unless path =~ /^\//
 
         # make the request via the provided service
         result = Koala.make_request(path, args, verb, options)
-        
+
         # Check for any 500 errors before parsing the body
         # since we're not guaranteed that the body is valid JSON
         # in the case of a server error
         raise APIError.new({"type" => "HTTP #{result.status.to_s}", "message" => "Response body: #{result.body}"}) if result.status >= 500
-        
-        # Parse the body as JSON and check for errors if provided a mechanism to do so 
+
+        # parse the body as JSON and run it through the error checker (if provided)
         # Note: Facebook sometimes sends results like "true" and "false", which aren't strictly objects
-        # and cause JSON.parse to fail -- so we account for that by wrapping the result in []
-        body = response = JSON.parse("[#{result.body.to_s}]")[0]
-        if error_checking_block
-          yield(body)
-        end
-        
-        # now return the desired information
-        if options[:http_component]
-          result.send(options[:http_component])
-        else
-          body
-        end
+        # and cause MultiJson.decode to fail -- so we account for that by wrapping the result in []
+        body = MultiJson.decode("[#{result.body.to_s}]")[0]
+        yield body if error_checking_block
+
+        # if we want a component other than the body (e.g. redirect header for images), return that
+        options[:http_component] ? result.send(options[:http_component]) : body
       end
     end
+
+    # APIs
     
     class GraphAPI < API
       include GraphAPIMethods
     end
     
+    class GraphBatchAPI < GraphAPI
+      include GraphBatchAPIMethods      
+    end
+        
     class RestAPI < API
       include RestAPIMethods
     end
-    
+
     class GraphAndRestAPI < API
       include GraphAPIMethods
       include RestAPIMethods
     end
-    
+
     class RealtimeUpdates < API
       include RealtimeUpdateMethods
     end
-    
-    class APIError < Exception
+
+    class TestUsers < API
+      include TestUserMethods
+      # make the Graph API accessible in case someone wants to make other calls to interact with their users
+      attr_reader :graph_api
+    end
+
+    # Errors
+
+    class APIError < StandardError
       attr_accessor :fb_error_type
       def initialize(details = {})
-        self.fb_error_type = details["type"]  
+        self.fb_error_type = details["type"]
         super("#{fb_error_type}: #{details["message"]}")
       end
     end
-    
-    
-    class OAuth
-      attr_reader :app_id, :app_secret, :oauth_callback_url
-      def initialize(app_id, app_secret, oauth_callback_url = nil)
-        @app_id = app_id
-        @app_secret = app_secret
-        @oauth_callback_url = oauth_callback_url 
-      end
-
-      def get_user_info_from_cookie(cookie_hash)
-        # Parses the cookie set by the official Facebook JavaScript SDK.
-        # 
-        # cookies should be a Hash, like the one Rails provides
-        # 
-        # If the user is logged in via Facebook, we return a dictionary with the
-        # keys "uid" and "access_token". The former is the user's Facebook ID,
-        # and the latter can be used to make authenticated requests to the Graph API.
-        # If the user is not logged in, we return None.
-        # 
-        # Download the official Facebook JavaScript SDK at
-        # http://github.com/facebook/connect-js/. Read more about Facebook
-        # authentication at http://developers.facebook.com/docs/authentication/.
-
-        if fb_cookie = cookie_hash["fbs_" + @app_id.to_s]
-          # remove the opening/closing quote
-          fb_cookie = fb_cookie.gsub(/\"/, "")
-
-          # since we no longer get individual cookies, we have to separate out the components ourselves
-          components = {}
-          fb_cookie.split("&").map {|param| param = param.split("="); components[param[0]] = param[1]}
-
-          # generate the signature and make sure it matches what we expect
-          auth_string = components.keys.sort.collect {|a| a == "sig" ? nil : "#{a}=#{components[a]}"}.reject {|a| a.nil?}.join("")
-          sig = Digest::MD5.hexdigest(auth_string + @app_secret)          
-          sig == components["sig"] && (components["expires"] == "0" || Time.now.to_i < components["expires"].to_i) ? components : nil
-        end
-      end
-      alias_method :get_user_info_from_cookies, :get_user_info_from_cookie
-    
-      def get_user_from_cookie(cookies)
-        if info = get_user_info_from_cookies(cookies)
-          string = info["uid"]
-        end
-      end
-      alias_method :get_user_from_cookies, :get_user_from_cookie
-    
-      # URLs
-    
-      def url_for_oauth_code(options = {})
-        # for permissions, see http://developers.facebook.com/docs/authentication/permissions
-        permissions = options[:permissions]
-        scope = permissions ? "&scope=#{permissions.is_a?(Array) ? permissions.join(",") : permissions}" : ""
-
-        callback = options[:callback] || @oauth_callback_url
-        raise ArgumentError, "url_for_oauth_code must get a callback either from the OAuth object or in the options!" unless callback
-
-        # Creates the URL for oauth authorization for a given callback and optional set of permissions
-        "https://#{GRAPH_SERVER}/oauth/authorize?client_id=#{@app_id}&redirect_uri=#{callback}#{scope}"    
-      end
-        
-      def url_for_access_token(code, options = {})
-        # Creates the URL for the token corresponding to a given code generated by Facebook
-        callback = options[:callback] || @oauth_callback_url
-        raise ArgumentError, "url_for_access_token must get a callback either from the OAuth object or in the parameters!" unless callback
-        "https://#{GRAPH_SERVER}/oauth/access_token?client_id=#{@app_id}&redirect_uri=#{callback}&client_secret=#{@app_secret}&code=#{code}"
-      end
-            
-      def get_access_token_info(code)
-        # convenience method to get a parsed token from Facebook for a given code
-        # should this require an OAuth callback URL?
-        get_token_from_server(:code => code, :redirect_uri => @oauth_callback_url)
-      end
-      
-      def get_access_token(code)
-        # upstream methods will throw errors if needed
-        if info = get_access_token_info(code) 
-          string = info["access_token"]        
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def get_app_access_token_info
-        # convenience method to get a the application's sessionless access token 
-        get_token_from_server({:type => 'client_cred'}, true)
-      end
-      
-      def get_app_access_token
-        if info = get_app_access_token_info
-          string = info["access_token"] 
-        end
-      end
-      
-      # signed_request
-      def parse_signed_request(request)
-        # Facebook's signed requests come in two parts -- the signature and the data payload
-        # see http://developers.facebook.com/docs/authentication/canvas
-        encoded_sig, payload = request.split(".")
-        
-        sig = base64_url_decode(encoded_sig)
-
-        # if the signature matches, return the data, decoded and parsed as JSON
-        if OpenSSL::HMAC.digest("sha256", @app_secret, payload) == sig
-          JSON.parse(base64_url_decode(payload))
-        else
-          nil
-        end
-      end
-
-      # from session keys
-      def get_token_info_from_session_keys(sessions)
-        # fetch the OAuth tokens from Facebook
-        response = fetch_token_string({
-          :type => 'client_cred',
-          :sessions => sessions.join(",")
-        }, true, "exchange_sessions")
-        
-        # Facebook returns an empty body in certain error conditions
-        if response == "" 
-          raise APIError.new("ArgumentError", "get_token_from_session_key received an error (empty response body) for sessions #{sessions.inspect}!")
-        end
-        
-        JSON.parse(response)
-      end
-  
-      def get_tokens_from_session_keys(sessions)
-        # get the original hash results
-        results = get_token_info_from_session_keys(sessions)
-        # now recollect them as just the access tokens
-        results.collect { |r| r ? r["access_token"] : nil }
-      end
-      
-      def get_token_from_session_key(session)
-        # convenience method for a single key
-        # gets the overlaoded strings automatically
-        get_tokens_from_session_keys([session])[0]
-      end
-      
-      protected
-      
-      def get_token_from_server(args, post = false)
-        # fetch the result from Facebook's servers
-        result = fetch_token_string(args, post)
-        
-        # if we have an error, parse the error JSON and raise an error
-        raise APIError.new((JSON.parse(result)["error"] rescue nil) || {}) if result =~ /error/
+  end
 
-        # otherwise, parse the access token
-        parse_access_token(result)       
-      end
-      
-      def parse_access_token(response_text)
-        components = response_text.split("&").inject({}) do |hash, bit|
-          key, value = bit.split("=")
-          hash.merge!(key => value)
-        end
-        components 
-      end
+  class KoalaError < StandardError; end
 
-      def fetch_token_string(args, post = false, endpoint = "access_token")
-        Koala.make_request("/oauth/#{endpoint}", {
-          :client_id => @app_id, 
-          :client_secret => @app_secret
-        }.merge!(args), post ? "post" : "get").body
-      end
-      
-      # base 64
-      def base64_url_decode(string)
-        # to properly decode what Facebook provides, we need to add == to the end
-        # and translate certain characters to others before running the actual decoding
-        # see http://developers.facebook.com/docs/authentication/canvas 
-        "#{string}==".tr("-_", "+/").unpack("m")[0]
-      end
-    end
+  # Make an api request using the provided api service or one passed by the caller
+  def self.make_request(path, args, verb, options = {})
+    http_service = options.delete(:http_service) || Koala.http_service
+    options = options.merge(:use_ssl => true) if @always_use_ssl
+    http_service.make_request(path, args, verb, options)
   end
-  
+
   # finally, set up the http service Koala methods used to make requests
   # you can use your own (for HTTParty, etc.) by calling Koala.http_service = YourModule
-  def self.http_service=(service)
-    self.send(:include, service)
+  class << self
+    attr_accessor :http_service
+    attr_accessor :always_use_ssl
+    attr_accessor :base_http_service
   end
+  Koala.base_http_service = NetHTTPService
 
   # by default, try requiring Typhoeus -- if that works, use it
+  # if you have Typheous and don't want to use it (or want another service),
+  # you can run Koala.http_service = NetHTTPService (or MyHTTPService)
   begin
-    require 'typhoeus'
+    require 'koala/http_services/typhoeus_service'
     Koala.http_service = TyphoeusService
   rescue LoadError
-    Koala.http_service = NetHTTPService
+    Koala.http_service = Koala.base_http_service
   end
 end

data/readme.md

@@ -1,28 +1,39 @@
 Koala
 ====
-Koala (<a href="http://github.com/arsduo/koala" target="_blank">http://github.com/arsduo/koala</a>) is a new Facebook library for Ruby, supporting the Graph API, the old REST API, realtime updates, and OAuth validation.  We wrote Koala with four goals: 
+[Koala](http://github.com/arsduo/koala) is a new Facebook library for Ruby, supporting the Graph API (including the batch requests and photo uploads), the REST API, realtime updates, test users, and OAuth validation.  We wrote Koala with four goals:
 
-* Lightweight: Koala should be as light and simple as Facebook’s own new libraries, providing API accessors and returning simple JSON.  (We clock in, with comments, just over 500 lines of code.)
-* Fast: Koala should, out of the box, be quick. In addition to supporting the vanilla Ruby networking libraries, it natively supports Typhoeus, our preferred gem for making fast HTTP requests. Of course, That brings us to our next topic:
-* Flexible: Koala should be useful to everyone, regardless of their current configuration.  (We have no dependencies beyond the JSON gem.  Koala also has a built-in mechanism for using whichever HTTP library you prefer to make requests against the graph.)
+* Lightweight: Koala should be as light and simple as Facebook’s own new libraries, providing API accessors and returning simple JSON.  (We clock in, with comments, at just over 750 lines of code.)
+* Fast: Koala should, out of the box, be quick. In addition to supporting the vanilla Ruby networking libraries, it natively supports Typhoeus, our preferred gem for making fast HTTP requests. Of course, that brings us to our next topic:
+* Flexible: Koala should be useful to everyone, regardless of their current configuration.  (In addition to vanilla Ruby, we support JRuby, Rubinius, and REE, and provide  built-in mechanism for using whichever HTTP library you prefer.)
 * Tested: Koala should have complete test coverage, so you can rely on it.  (Our complete test coverage can be run against either mocked responses or the live Facebook servers.)
 
+Installation
+---
+
+Easy:
+    
+    [sudo|rvm] gem install koala
+    
+Or in Bundler:
+  
+    gem "koala"
+  
 Graph API
 ----
-The Graph API is the simple, slick new interface to Facebook's data.  Using it with Koala is quite straightforward: 
+The Graph API is the simple, slick new interface to Facebook's data.  Using it with Koala is quite straightforward:
 
-    graph = Koala::Facebook::GraphAPI.new(oauth_access_token)
-    profile = graph.get_object("me")
-    friends = graph.get_connections("me", "friends")
-    graph.put_object("me", "feed", :message => "I am writing on my wall!")
+    @graph = Koala::Facebook::GraphAPI.new(oauth_access_token)
+    profile = @graph.get_object("me")
+    friends = @graph.get_connections("me", "friends")
+    @graph.put_object("me", "feed", :message => "I am writing on my wall!")
 
-The response of most requests is the JSON data returned from the Facebook servers as a Hash.  
+The response of most requests is the JSON data returned from the Facebook servers as a Hash.
 
 When retrieving data that returns an array of results (for example, when calling GraphAPI#get_connections or GraphAPI#search) a GraphCollection object (a sub-class of Array) will be returned, which contains added methods for getting the next and previous page of results:
-    
+
     # Returns the feed items for the currently logged-in user as a GraphCollection
-    feed = graph.get_connections("me", "feed")
-    
+    feed = @graph.get_connections("me", "feed")
+
     # GraphCollection is a sub-class of Array, so you can use it as a usual Array
     first_entry = feed[0]
     last_entry = feed.last
@@ -33,33 +44,43 @@ When retrieving data that returns an array of results (for example, when calling
     # Returns an array describing the URL for the next page: [path, arguments]
     # This is useful for paging across multiple requests
     next_path, next_args = feed.next_page_params
-    
-    # You can use those params to easily get the next (or prevous) page
-    page = graph.get_page(feed.next_page_params)
+
+    # You can use those params to easily get the next (or previous) page
+    page = @graph.get_page(feed.next_page_params)
+
+You can make multiple calls at once using Facebook's batch API:
+
+    # Returns an array of results as if they were called non-batch
+    @graph.batch do |batch_api|
+      batch_api.get_object('me')
+      batch_api.get_object('koppel')
+    end
 
 Check out the wiki for more examples.
 
-The old-school REST API
+The REST API
 -----
-Where the Graph API and the old REST API overlap, you should choose the Graph API.  Unfortunately, that overlap is far from complete, and there are many important API calls that can't yet be done via the Graph.  
+Where the Graph API and the old REST API overlap, you should choose the Graph API.  Unfortunately, that overlap is far from complete, and there are many important API calls that can't yet be done via the Graph.
 
 Koala now supports the old-school REST API using OAuth access tokens; to use this, instantiate your class using the RestAPI class:
 
-	@rest = Koala::Facebook::RestAPI.new(oauth_access_token)
-	@rest.fql_query(my_fql_query) # convenience method
-	@rest.rest_call("stream.publish", arguments_hash) # generic version
-	
-We reserve the right to expand the built-in REST API coverage to additional convenience methods in the future, depending on how fast Facebook moves to fill in the gaps.  
+  	@rest = Koala::Facebook::RestAPI.new(oauth_access_token)
+  	@rest.fql_query(my_fql_query) # convenience method
+  	@rest.fql_multiquery(fql_query_hash) # convenience method
+  	@rest.rest_call("stream.publish", arguments_hash) # generic version
+
+We reserve the right to expand the built-in REST API coverage to additional convenience methods in the future, depending on how fast Facebook moves to fill in the gaps.
 
 (If you want the power of both APIs in the palm of your hand, try out the GraphAndRestAPI class.)
 
 OAuth
 -----
 You can use the Graph and REST APIs without an OAuth access token, but the real magic happens when you provide Facebook an OAuth token to prove you're authenticated.  Koala provides an OAuth class to make that process easy:
-    @oauth = Koala::Facebook::OAuth.new(app_id, code, callback_url)
+    @oauth = Koala::Facebook::OAuth.new(app_id, app_secret, callback_url)
 
 If your application uses Koala and the Facebook [JavaScript SDK](http://github.com/facebook/connect-js) (formerly Facebook Connect), you can use the OAuth class to parse the cookies:
-    @oauth.get_user_from_cookie(cookies)
+    @oauth.get_user_from_cookies(cookies) # gets the user's ID
+	  @oauth.get_user_info_from_cookies(cookies) # parses and returns the entire hash
 
 And if you have to use the more complicated [redirect-based OAuth process](http://developers.facebook.com/docs/authentication/), Koala helps out there, too:
 	  # generate authenticating URL
@@ -70,20 +91,18 @@ And if you have to use the more complicated [redirect-based OAuth process](http:
 You can also get your application's own access token, which can be used without a user session for subscriptions and certain other requests:
     @oauth.get_app_access_token
 
-That's it!  It's pretty simple once you get the hang of it.  If you're new to OAuth, though, check out the wiki and the OAuth Playground example site (see below).
-
-*Signed Requests:* Excited to try out the new signed request authentication scheme?  Good news!  Koala now supports parsing those parameters:
+For those building apps on Facebook, parsing signed requests is simple:
     @oauth.parse_signed_request(request)
 
-*Exchanging session keys:* Stuck building tab applications on Facebook?  Wishing you had an OAuth token so you could use the Graph API?  You're in luck! Koala now allows you to exchange session keys for OAuth access tokens:
+Or, if for some horrible reason, you're still using session keys, despair not!  It's easy to turn them into shiny, modern OAuth tokens:
     @oauth.get_token_from_session_key(session_key)
     @oauth.get_tokens_from_session_keys(array_of_session_keys)
 
+That's it!  It's pretty simple once you get the hang of it.  If you're new to OAuth, though, check out the wiki and the OAuth Playground example site (see below).
+
 Real-time Updates
 -----
-The Graph API now allows your application to subscribe to real-time updates for certain objects in the graph.
-
-Currently, Facebook only supports subscribing to users, permissions and errors.  On top of that, there are limitations on what attributes and connections for each of these objects you can subscribe to updates for.  Check the [official Facebook documentation](http://developers.facebook.com/docs/api/realtime) for more details.
+Sometimes, reaching out to Facebook is a pain -- let it reach out to you instead.  The Graph API allows your application to subscribe to real-time updates for certain objects in the graph; check the [official Facebook documentation](http://developers.facebook.com/docs/api/realtime) for more details on what objects you can subscribe to and what limitations may apply.
 
 Koala makes it easy to interact with your applications using the RealtimeUpdates class:
 
@@ -107,6 +126,17 @@ And to top it all off, RealtimeUpdates provides a static method to respond to Fa
 
 For more information about meet_challenge and the RealtimeUpdates class, check out the Real-Time Updates page on the wiki.
 
+Test Users
+-----
+
+We also support the test users API, allowing you to conjure up fake users and command them to do your bidding using the Graph or REST API:
+    
+    @test_users = Koala::Facebook::TestUsers.new(:app_id => id, :secret => secret)
+    user = @test_users.create(is_app_installed, desired_permissions)
+    user_graph_api = Koala::Facebook::GraphAPI.new(user["access_token"])
+    # or, if you want to make a whole community:
+    @test_users.create_network(network_size, is_app_installed, common_permissions)
+
 See examples, ask questions
 -----
 Some resources to help you as you play with Koala and the Graph API:
@@ -118,12 +148,15 @@ Some resources to help you as you play with Koala and the Graph API:
 Testing
 -----
 
-Unit tests are provided for all of Koala's methods.  By default, these tests run against mock responses and hence are ready out of the box: 
-    # From the spec directory
-    spec koala_spec.rb
+Unit tests are provided for all of Koala's methods.  By default, these tests run against mock responses and hence are ready out of the box:
+    
+    # From anywhere in the project directory:
+    bundle exec rake spec
+    
 
 You can also run live tests against Facebook's servers:
-    # Again from the spec directory
-    spec koala_spec_without_mocks.rb
+    
+    # Again from anywhere in the project directory:
+    LIVE=true bundle exec rake spec
 
-Important Note: to run the live tests, you have to provide some of your own data: a valid OAuth access token with publish\_stream and read\_stream permissions and an OAuth code that can be used to generate an access token.  You can get these data at the OAuth Playground; if you want to use your own app, remember to swap out the app ID, secret, and other values.  (The file also provides valid values for other tests, which you're welcome to swap out for data specific to your own application.)
+Important Note: to run the live tests, you have to provide some of your own data in spec/fixtures/facebook_data.yml: a valid OAuth access token with publish\_stream, read\_stream, and user\_photos permissions and an OAuth code that can be used to generate an access token.  You can get this data at the OAuth Playground; if you want to use your own app, remember to swap out the app ID, secret, and other values.  (The file also provides valid values for other tests, which you're welcome to swap out for data specific to your own application.)

data/spec/cases/api_base_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "Koala::Facebook::API" do
+  before(:each) do
+    @service = Koala::Facebook::API.new
+  end
+
+  it "should not include an access token if none was given" do
+    Koala.should_receive(:make_request).with(
+      anything,
+      hash_not_including('access_token' => 1),
+      anything,
+      anything
+    ).and_return(Koala::Response.new(200, "", ""))
+
+    @service.api('anything')
+  end
+
+  it "should include an access token if given" do
+    token = 'adfadf'
+    service = Koala::Facebook::API.new token
+
+    Koala.should_receive(:make_request).with(
+      anything,
+      hash_including('access_token' => token),
+      anything,
+      anything
+    ).and_return(Koala::Response.new(200, "", ""))
+
+    service.api('anything')
+  end
+
+  it "should have an attr_reader for access token" do
+    token = 'adfadf'
+    service = Koala::Facebook::API.new token
+    service.access_token.should == token
+  end
+
+  it "should get the attribute of a Koala::Response given by the http_component parameter" do
+    http_component = :method_name
+
+    response = mock('Mock KoalaResponse', :body => '', :status => 200)
+    response.should_receive(http_component).and_return('')
+
+    Koala.stub(:make_request).and_return(response)
+
+    @service.api('anything', 'get', {}, :http_component => http_component)
+  end
+
+  it "should return the body of the request as JSON if no http_component is given" do
+    response = stub('response', :body => 'body', :status => 200)
+    Koala.stub(:make_request).and_return(response)
+
+    json_body = mock('JSON body')
+    MultiJson.stub(:decode).and_return([json_body])
+
+    @service.api('anything').should == json_body
+  end
+
+  it "should execute an error checking block if provided" do
+    body = '{}'
+    Koala.stub(:make_request).and_return(Koala::Response.new(200, body, {}))
+
+    yield_test = mock('Yield Tester')
+    yield_test.should_receive(:pass)
+
+    @service.api('anything', {}, "get") do |arg|
+      yield_test.pass
+      arg.should == MultiJson.decode(body)
+    end
+  end
+
+  it "should raise an API error if the HTTP response code is greater than or equal to 500" do
+    Koala.stub(:make_request).and_return(Koala::Response.new(500, 'response body', {}))
+
+    lambda { @service.api('anything') }.should raise_exception(Koala::Facebook::APIError)
+  end
+
+  it "should handle rogue true/false as responses" do
+    Koala.should_receive(:make_request).and_return(Koala::Response.new(200, 'true', {}))
+    @service.api('anything').should be_true
+
+    Koala.should_receive(:make_request).and_return(Koala::Response.new(200, 'false', {}))
+    @service.api('anything').should be_false
+  end
+
+  describe "with regard to leading slashes" do
+    it "should add a leading / to the path if not present" do
+      path = "anything"
+      Koala.should_receive(:make_request).with("/#{path}", anything, anything, anything).and_return(Koala::Response.new(200, 'true', {}))
+      @service.api(path)
+    end
+
+    it "shouldn't change the path if a leading / is present" do
+      path = "/anything"
+      Koala.should_receive(:make_request).with(path, anything, anything, anything).and_return(Koala::Response.new(200, 'true', {}))
+      @service.api(path)
+    end
+  end
+
+end