knu-mechanize 0.9.3.20090623142847

data/EXAMPLES.rdoc

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+= WWW::Mechanize examples
+
+== Google
+  require 'rubygems'
+  require 'mechanize'
+  
+  a = WWW::Mechanize.new { |agent|
+    agent.user_agent_alias = 'Mac Safari'
+  }
+  
+  a.get('http://google.com/') do |page|
+    search_result = page.form_with(:name => 'f') do |search|
+      search.q = 'Hello world'
+    end.submit
+  
+    search_result.links.each do |link|
+      puts link.text
+    end
+  end
+
+== Rubyforge
+
+  a = WWW::Mechanize.new
+  a.get('http://rubyforge.org/') do |page|
+    # Click the login link
+    login_page = a.click(page.links.text(/Log In/))
+  
+    # Submit the login form
+    my_page = login_page.form_with(:action => '/account/login.php') do |f|
+      f.form_loginname  = ARGV[0]
+      f.form_pw         = ARGV[1]
+    end.click_button
+  
+    my_page.links.each do |link|
+      text = link.text.strip
+      next unless text.length > 0
+      puts text
+    end
+  end
+
+== File Upload
+Upload a file to flickr.
+  
+  a = WWW::Mechanize.new { |agent|
+    # Flickr refreshes after login
+    agent.follow_meta_refresh = true
+  }
+  
+  a.get('http://flickr.com/') do |home_page|
+    signin_page = a.click(home_page.links.text(/Sign In/))
+  
+    my_page = signin_page.form_with(:name => 'login_form') do |form|
+      form.login  = ARGV[0]
+      form.passwd = ARGV[1]
+    end.submit
+  
+    # Click the upload link
+    upload_page = a.click(my_page.links.text(/Upload/))
+  
+    # We want the basic upload page.
+    upload_page = a.click(upload_page.links.text(/basic Uploader/))
+  
+    # Upload the file
+    upload_page.form_with(:method => 'POST') do |upload_form|
+      upload_form.file_uploads.first.file_name = ARGV[2]
+    end.submit
+  end
+
+== Pluggable Parsers
+Lets say you want html pages to automatically be parsed with Rubyful Soup.
+This example shows you how:
+
+  require 'rubygems'
+  require 'mechanize'
+  require 'rubyful_soup'
+
+  class SoupParser < WWW::Mechanize::Page
+    attr_reader :soup
+    def initialize(uri = nil, response = nil, body = nil, code = nil)
+      @soup = BeautifulSoup.new(body)
+      super(uri, response, body, code)
+    end
+  end
+
+  agent = WWW::Mechanize.new
+  agent.pluggable_parser.html = SoupParser
+
+Now all HTML pages will be parsed with the SoupParser class, and automatically
+give you access to a method called 'soup' where you can get access to the
+Beautiful Soup for that page.
+
+== Using a proxy
+
+  require 'rubygems'
+  require 'mechanize'
+  
+  agent = WWW::Mechanize.new
+  agent.set_proxy('localhost', '8000')
+  page = agent.get(ARGV[0])
+  puts page.body
+
+== The transact method
+
+transact runs the given block and then resets the page history. I.e. after the
+block has been executed, you're back at the original page; no need count how
+many times to call the back method at the end of a loop (while accounting for
+possible exceptions).
+
+This example also demonstrates subclassing Mechanize.
+
+  require 'mechanize'
+
+  class TestMech < WWW::Mechanize
+    def process
+      get 'http://rubyforge.org/'
+      search_form = page.forms.first
+      search_form.words = 'WWW'
+      submit search_form
+
+      page.links_with(:href => %r{/projects/} ).each do |link|
+        next if link.href =~ %r{/projects/support/}
+
+        puts 'Loading %-30s %s' % [link.href, link.text]
+        begin
+          transact do
+            click link
+            # Do stuff, maybe click more links.
+          end
+          # Now we're back at the original page.
+
+        rescue => e
+          $stderr.puts "#{e.class}: #{e.message}"
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  TestMech.new.process
+
+== Client Certificate Authentication (Mutual Auth)
+
+In most cases a client certificate is created as an additional layer of security
+for certain websites.  The specific case that this was initially tested on was
+for automating the download of archived images from a banks (Wachovia) lockbox 
+system.  Once the certificate is installed into your browser you will have to 
+export it and split the certificate and private key into separate files. Exported
+files are usually in .p12 format (IE 7 & Firefox 2.0) which stands for PKCS #12.
+You can convert them from p12 to pem format by using the following commands:
+
+openssl.exe pkcs12 -in input_file.p12 -clcerts -out example.key -nocerts -nodes
+openssl.exe pkcs12 -in input_file.p12 -clcerts -out example.cer -nokeys
+
+  require 'rubygems'
+  require 'mechanize'
+
+  # create Mechanize instance
+  agent = WWW::Mechanize.new
+  
+  # set the path of the certificate file
+  agent.cert = 'example.cer'
+  
+  # set the path of the private key file
+  agent.key = 'example.key'
+
+  # get the login form & fill it out with the username/password
+  login_form = @agent.get("http://example.com/login_page").form('Login')
+  login_form.Userid = 'TestUser'
+  login_form.Password = 'TestPassword'
+  
+  # submit login form
+  agent.submit(login_form, login_form.buttons.first)

data/FAQ.rdoc

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+Q: I keep getting an EOFError:
+  protocol.rb:133:in `sysread': end of file reached (EOFError)
+
+A:  Some people have experienced an EOFError during normal mechanize usage.
+    Most of the time this occurs because the remote website claims to support
+    keep alives, but does not implement them correctly.  Try turning off
+    keep alives on your mechanize object:
+
+      mech.keep_alive = false
+
+

data/GUIDE.rdoc

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+= Getting Started With WWW::Mechanize
+This guide is meant to get you started using Mechanize.  By the end of this
+guide, you should be able to fetch pages, click links, fill out and submit
+forms, scrape data, and many other hopefully useful things.  This guide
+really just scratches the surface of what is available, but should be enough
+information to get you really going!
+
+== Let's Fetch a Page!
+First thing is first.  Make sure that you've required mechanize and that you
+instantiate a new mechanize object:
+ require 'rubygems'
+ require 'mechanize'
+
+ agent = WWW::Mechanize.new
+Now we'll use the agent we've created to fetch a page.  Let's fetch google
+with our mechanize agent:
+ page = agent.get('http://google.com/')
+What just happened?  We told mechanize to go pick up google's main page.
+Mechanize stored any cookies that were set, and followed any redirects that
+google may have sent.  The agent gave us back a page that we can use to
+scrape data, find links to click, or find forms to fill out.
+
+Next, lets try finding some links to click.
+
+== Finding Links
+Mechanize returns a page object whenever you get a page, post, or submit a
+form.  When a page is fetched, the agent will parse the page and put a list
+of links on the page object.
+
+Now that we've fetched google's homepage, lets try listing all of the links:
+ page.links.each do |link|
+   puts link.text
+ end
+We can list the links, but Mechanize gives a few shortcuts to help us find a
+link to click on.  Lets say we wanted to click the link whose text is 'News'.
+Normally, we would have to do this:
+ page = agent.click page.links.find { |l| l.text == 'News' }
+But Mechanize gives us a shortcut.  Instead we can say this:
+ page = agent.click page.link_with(:text => 'News')
+That shortcut says "find all links with the name 'News'".  You're probably
+thinking "there could be multiple links with that text!", and you would be
+correct!  If you use the plural form, you can access the list.
+If you wanted to click on the second news link, you could do this:
+ agent.click page.links_with(:text => 'News')[1]
+We can even find a link with a certain href like so:
+ page.links_with(:href => '/something')
+Or chain them together to find a link with certain text and certain href:
+ page.links_with(:text => 'News', :href => '/something')
+
+These shortcuts that mechanize provides are available on any list that you
+can fetch like frames, iframes, or forms.  Now that we know how to find and
+click links, lets try something more complicated like filling out a form.
+
+== Filling Out Forms
+Lets continue with our google example.  Here's the code we have so far:
+ require 'rubygems'
+ require 'mechanize'
+
+ agent = WWW::Mechanize.new
+ page = agent.get('http://google.com/')
+If we pretty print the page, we can see that there is one form named 'f',
+that has a couple buttons and a few fields:
+ pp page
+Now that we know the name of the form, lets fetch it off the page:
+ google_form = page.form('f')
+Mechanize lets you access form input fields in a few different ways, but the
+most convenient is that you can access input fields as accessors on the
+object.  So lets set the form field named 'q' on the form to 'ruby mechanize':
+ google_form.q = 'ruby mechanize'
+To make sure that we set the value, lets pretty print the form, and you should
+see a line similar to this:
+ #<WWW::Mechanize::Field:0x1403488 @name="q", @value="ruby mechanize">
+If you saw that the value of 'q' changed, you're on the right track!  Now we
+can submit the form and 'press' the submit button and print the results:
+ page = agent.submit(google_form, google_form.buttons.first)
+ pp page
+What we just did was equivalent to putting text in the search field and
+clicking the 'Google Search' button.  If we had submitted the form without
+a button, it would be like typing in the text field and hitting the return
+button.
+
+Lets take a look at the code all together:
+ require 'rubygems'
+ require 'mechanize'
+
+ agent = WWW::Mechanize.new
+ page = agent.get('http://google.com/')
+ google_form = page.form('f')
+ google_form.q = 'ruby mechanize'
+ page = agent.submit(google_form)
+ pp page
+
+Before we go on to screen scraping, lets take a look at forms a little more
+in depth.  Unless you want to skip ahead!
+
+== Advanced Form Techniques
+In this section, I want to touch on using the different types in input fields
+possible with a form.  Password and textarea fields can be treated just like
+text input fields.  Select fields are very similar to text fields, but they
+have many options associated with them.  If you select one option, mechanize
+will deselect the other options (unless it is a multi select!).
+
+For example, lets select an option on a list:
+ form.field_with(:name => 'list').options[0].select
+
+Now lets take a look at checkboxes and radio buttons.  To select a checkbox,
+just check it like this:
+ form.checkbox_with(:name => 'box').check
+Radio buttons are very similar to checkboxes, but they know how to uncheck
+other radio buttons of the same name.  Just check a radio button like you
+would a checkbox:
+ form.radiobuttons_with(:name => 'box')[1].check
+Mechanize also makes file uploads easy!  Just find the file upload field, and
+tell it what file name you want to upload:
+  form.file_uploads.first.file_name = "somefile.jpg"
+
+== Scraping Data
+Mechanize uses nokogiri[http://nokogiri.rubyforge.org/] to parse
+html.  What does this mean for you?  You can treat a mechanize page like
+an nokogiri object.  After you have used Mechanize to navigate to the page
+that you need to scrape, then scrape it using nokogiri methods:
+  agent.get('http://someurl.com/').search(".//p[@class='posted']")

data/LICENSE.rdoc

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+    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
+
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
+when it starts in an interactive mode:
+
+    Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
+    Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+
+The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
+parts of the General Public License.  Of course, the commands you use may
+be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
+mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
+
+You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
+school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
+necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:
+
+  Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
+  `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
+
+  <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
+  Ty Coon, President of Vice
+
+This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
+proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you may
+consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
+library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
+Public License instead of this License.