jsoncons 0.1.0

data/lib/jsoncons/jsoncons/include/jsoncons/detail/parse_number.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,1133 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Daniel Parker
+// Distributed under the Boost license, Version 1.0.
+// (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+// See https://github.com/danielaparker/jsoncons for latest version
+
+#ifndef JSONCONS_DETAIL_PARSE_NUMBER_HPP
+#define JSONCONS_DETAIL_PARSE_NUMBER_HPP
+
+#include <system_error>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <locale>
+#include <string>
+#include <limits> // std::numeric_limits
+#include <type_traits> // std::enable_if
+#include <exception>
+#include <jsoncons/config/jsoncons_config.hpp>
+#include <jsoncons/json_exception.hpp>
+#include <cctype>
+
+namespace jsoncons { namespace detail {
+
+    enum class to_integer_errc : uint8_t {success=0, overflow, invalid_digit, invalid_number};
+
+    class to_integer_error_category_impl
+       : public std::error_category
+    {
+    public:
+        const char* name() const noexcept override
+        {
+            return "jsoncons/to_integer_unchecked";
+        }
+        std::string message(int ev) const override
+        {
+            switch (static_cast<to_integer_errc>(ev))
+            {
+                case to_integer_errc::overflow:
+                    return "Integer overflow";
+                case to_integer_errc::invalid_digit:
+                    return "Invalid digit";
+                case to_integer_errc::invalid_number:
+                    return "Invalid number";
+                default:
+                    return "Unknown to_integer_unchecked error";
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    inline
+    const std::error_category& to_integer_error_category()
+    {
+      static to_integer_error_category_impl instance;
+      return instance;
+    }
+
+    inline 
+    std::error_code make_error_code(to_integer_errc e)
+    {
+        return std::error_code(static_cast<int>(e),to_integer_error_category());
+    }
+
+} // namespace detail
+} // namespace jsoncons
+
+namespace std {
+    template<>
+    struct is_error_code_enum<jsoncons::detail::to_integer_errc> : public true_type
+    {
+    };
+}
+
+namespace jsoncons { namespace detail {
+
+template <class T,class CharT>
+struct to_integer_result
+{
+    const CharT* ptr;
+    to_integer_errc ec;
+    constexpr to_integer_result(const CharT* ptr_)
+        : ptr(ptr_), ec(to_integer_errc())
+    {
+    }
+    constexpr to_integer_result(const CharT* ptr_, to_integer_errc ec_)
+        : ptr(ptr_), ec(ec_)
+    {
+    }
+
+    to_integer_result(const to_integer_result&) = default;
+
+    to_integer_result& operator=(const to_integer_result&) = default;
+
+    constexpr explicit operator bool() const noexcept
+    {
+        return ec == to_integer_errc();
+    }
+    std::error_code error_code() const
+    {
+        return make_error_code(ec);
+    }
+};
+
+enum class integer_chars_format : uint8_t {decimal=1,hex};
+enum class integer_chars_state {initial,minus,integer,binary,octal,decimal,base16};
+
+template <class CharT>
+bool is_base10(const CharT* s, std::size_t length)
+{
+    integer_chars_state state = integer_chars_state::initial;
+
+    const CharT* end = s + length; 
+    for (;s < end; ++s)
+    {
+        switch(state)
+        {
+            case integer_chars_state::initial:
+            {
+                switch(*s)
+                {
+                    case '0':case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':case '5':case '6':case '7':case '8': case '9':
+                        state = integer_chars_state::decimal;
+                        break;
+                    case '-':
+                        state = integer_chars_state::minus;
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        return false;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            case integer_chars_state::minus:
+            {
+                switch(*s)
+                {
+                    case '0':case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':case '5':case '6':case '7':case '8': case '9':
+                        state = integer_chars_state::decimal;
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        return false;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            case integer_chars_state::decimal:
+            {
+                switch(*s)
+                {
+                    case '0':case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':case '5':case '6':case '7':case '8': case '9':
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        return false;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            default:
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+    return state == integer_chars_state::decimal ? true : false;
+}
+
+template <class T, class CharT>
+typename std::enable_if<traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_specialized && !traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_signed,to_integer_result<T,CharT>>::type
+to_integer_decimal(const CharT* s, std::size_t length, T& n)
+{
+    n = 0;
+
+    integer_chars_state state = integer_chars_state::initial;
+
+    const CharT* end = s + length; 
+    while (s < end)
+    {
+        switch(state)
+        {
+            case integer_chars_state::initial:
+            {
+                switch(*s)
+                {
+                    case '0':
+                        if (++s == end)
+                        {
+                            return (++s == end) ? to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s) : to_integer_result<T, CharT>(s, to_integer_errc());
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_digit);
+                        }
+                    case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':case '5':case '6':case '7':case '8': case '9': // Must be decimal
+                        state = integer_chars_state::decimal;
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_digit);
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            case integer_chars_state::decimal:
+            {
+                static constexpr T max_value = (traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::max)();
+                static constexpr T max_value_div_10 = max_value / 10;
+                for (; s < end; ++s)
+                {
+                    T x = 0;
+                    switch(*s)
+                    {
+                        case '0':case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':case '5':case '6':case '7':case '8': case '9':
+                            x = static_cast<T>(*s) - static_cast<T>('0');
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_digit);
+                    }
+                    if (n > max_value_div_10)
+                    {
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+                    }
+                    n = n * 10;
+                    if (n > max_value - x)
+                    {
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+                    }
+                    n += x;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            default:
+                JSONCONS_UNREACHABLE();
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+    return (state == integer_chars_state::initial) ? to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_number) : to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc());
+}
+
+template <class T, class CharT>
+typename std::enable_if<traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_specialized && traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_signed,to_integer_result<T,CharT>>::type
+to_integer_decimal(const CharT* s, std::size_t length, T& n)
+{
+    n = 0;
+
+    if (length == 0)
+    {
+        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_number);
+    }
+
+    bool is_negative = *s == '-' ? true : false;
+    if (is_negative)
+    {
+        ++s;
+        --length;
+    }
+
+    using U = typename traits_extension::make_unsigned<T>::type;
+
+    U u;
+    auto ru = to_integer_decimal(s, length, u);
+    if (ru.ec != to_integer_errc())
+    {
+        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(ru.ptr, ru.ec);
+    }
+    if (is_negative)
+    {
+        if (u > static_cast<U>(-((traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::lowest)()+T(1))) + U(1))
+        {
+            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(ru.ptr, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            n = static_cast<T>(U(0) - u);
+            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(ru.ptr, to_integer_errc());
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (u > static_cast<U>((traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::max)()))
+        {
+            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(ru.ptr, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            n = static_cast<T>(u);
+            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(ru.ptr, to_integer_errc());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template <class T, class CharT>
+typename std::enable_if<traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_specialized && !traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_signed,to_integer_result<T,CharT>>::type
+to_integer_base16(const CharT* s, std::size_t length, T& n)
+{
+    n = 0;
+
+    integer_chars_state state = integer_chars_state::initial;
+
+    const CharT* end = s + length; 
+    while (s < end)
+    {
+        switch(state)
+        {
+            case integer_chars_state::initial:
+            {
+                switch(*s)
+                {
+                    case '0':
+                        if (++s == end)
+                        {
+                            return (++s == end) ? to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s) : to_integer_result<T, CharT>(s, to_integer_errc());
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_digit);
+                        }
+                    case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':case '5':case '6':case '7':case '8': case '9': // Must be base16
+                    case 'a':case 'b':case 'c':case 'd':case 'e':case 'f':
+                    case 'A':case 'B':case 'C':case 'D':case 'E':case 'F':
+                        state = integer_chars_state::base16;
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_digit);
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            case integer_chars_state::base16:
+            {
+                static constexpr T max_value = (traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::max)();
+                static constexpr T max_value_div_16 = max_value / 16;
+                for (; s < end; ++s)
+                {
+                    CharT c = *s;
+                    T x = 0;
+                    switch(*s)
+                    {
+                        case '0':case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':case '5':case '6':case '7':case '8': case '9':
+                            x = c - '0';
+                            break;
+                        case 'a':case 'b':case 'c':case 'd':case 'e':case 'f':
+                            x = c - ('a' - 10);
+                            break;
+                        case 'A':case 'B':case 'C':case 'D':case 'E':case 'F':
+                            x = c - ('A' - 10);
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_digit);
+                    }
+                    if (n > max_value_div_16)
+                    {
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+                    }
+                    n = n * 16;
+                    if (n > max_value - x)
+                    {
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+                    }
+                    n += x;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            default:
+                JSONCONS_UNREACHABLE();
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+    return (state == integer_chars_state::initial) ? to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_number) : to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc());
+}
+
+template <class T, class CharT>
+typename std::enable_if<traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_specialized && traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_signed,to_integer_result<T,CharT>>::type
+to_integer_base16(const CharT* s, std::size_t length, T& n)
+{
+    n = 0;
+
+    if (length == 0)
+    {
+        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_number);
+    }
+
+    bool is_negative = *s == '-' ? true : false;
+    if (is_negative)
+    {
+        ++s;
+        --length;
+    }
+
+    using U = typename traits_extension::make_unsigned<T>::type;
+
+    U u;
+    auto ru = to_integer_base16(s, length, u);
+    if (ru.ec != to_integer_errc())
+    {
+        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(ru.ptr, ru.ec);
+    }
+    if (is_negative)
+    {
+        if (u > static_cast<U>(-((traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::lowest)()+T(1))) + U(1))
+        {
+            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(ru.ptr, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            n = static_cast<T>(U(0) - u);
+            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(ru.ptr, to_integer_errc());
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (u > static_cast<U>((traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::max)()))
+        {
+            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(ru.ptr, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            n = static_cast<T>(u);
+            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(ru.ptr, to_integer_errc());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template <class T, class CharT>
+typename std::enable_if<traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_specialized && !traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_signed,to_integer_result<T,CharT>>::type
+to_integer(const CharT* s, std::size_t length, T& n)
+{
+    n = 0;
+
+    integer_chars_state state = integer_chars_state::initial;
+
+    const CharT* end = s + length; 
+    while (s < end)
+    {
+        switch(state)
+        {
+            case integer_chars_state::initial:
+            {
+                switch(*s)
+                {
+                    case '0':
+                        state = integer_chars_state::integer; // Could be binary, octal, hex 
+                        ++s;
+                        break;
+                    case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':case '5':case '6':case '7':case '8': case '9': // Must be decimal
+                        state = integer_chars_state::decimal;
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_digit);
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            case integer_chars_state::integer:
+            {
+                switch(*s)
+                {
+                    case 'b':case 'B':
+                    {
+                        state = integer_chars_state::binary;
+                        ++s;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    case 'x':case 'X':
+                    {
+                        state = integer_chars_state::base16;
+                        ++s;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    case '0':case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':case '5':case '6':case '7':case '8': case '9':
+                    {
+                        state = integer_chars_state::octal;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    default:
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_digit);
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            case integer_chars_state::binary:
+            {
+                static constexpr T max_value = (traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::max)();
+                static constexpr T max_value_div_2 = max_value / 2;
+                for (; s < end; ++s)
+                {
+                    T x = 0;
+                    switch(*s)
+                    {
+                        case '0':case '1':
+                            x = static_cast<T>(*s) - static_cast<T>('0');
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_digit);
+                    }
+                    if (n > max_value_div_2)
+                    {
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+                    }
+                    n = n * 2;
+                    if (n > max_value - x)
+                    {
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+                    }
+                    n += x;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            case integer_chars_state::octal:
+            {
+                static constexpr T max_value = (traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::max)();
+                static constexpr T max_value_div_8 = max_value / 8;
+                for (; s < end; ++s)
+                {
+                    T x = 0;
+                    switch(*s)
+                    {
+                        case '0':case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':case '5':case '6':case '7':
+                            x = static_cast<T>(*s) - static_cast<T>('0');
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_digit);
+                    }
+                    if (n > max_value_div_8)
+                    {
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+                    }
+                    n = n * 8;
+                    if (n > max_value - x)
+                    {
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+                    }
+                    n += x;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            case integer_chars_state::decimal:
+            {
+                static constexpr T max_value = (traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::max)();
+                static constexpr T max_value_div_10 = max_value / 10;
+                for (; s < end; ++s)
+                {
+                    T x = 0;
+                    switch(*s)
+                    {
+                        case '0':case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':case '5':case '6':case '7':case '8': case '9':
+                            x = static_cast<T>(*s) - static_cast<T>('0');
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_digit);
+                    }
+                    if (n > max_value_div_10)
+                    {
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+                    }
+                    n = n * 10;
+                    if (n > max_value - x)
+                    {
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+                    }
+                    n += x;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            case integer_chars_state::base16:
+            {
+                static constexpr T max_value = (traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::max)();
+                static constexpr T max_value_div_16 = max_value / 16;
+                for (; s < end; ++s)
+                {
+                    CharT c = *s;
+                    T x = 0;
+                    switch (c)
+                    {
+                        case '0':case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':case '5':case '6':case '7':case '8': case '9':
+                            x = c - '0';
+                            break;
+                        case 'a':case 'b':case 'c':case 'd':case 'e':case 'f':
+                            x = c - ('a' - 10);
+                            break;
+                        case 'A':case 'B':case 'C':case 'D':case 'E':case 'F':
+                            x = c - ('A' - 10);
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_digit);
+                    }
+                    if (n > max_value_div_16)
+                    {
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+                    }
+                    n = n * 16;
+                    if (n > max_value - x)
+                    {
+                        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+                    }
+
+                    n += x;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            default:
+                JSONCONS_UNREACHABLE();
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+    return (state == integer_chars_state::initial) ? to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_number) : to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc());
+}
+
+template <class T, class CharT>
+typename std::enable_if<traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_specialized && traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_signed,to_integer_result<T,CharT>>::type
+to_integer(const CharT* s, std::size_t length, T& n)
+{
+    n = 0;
+
+    if (length == 0)
+    {
+        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_number);
+    }
+
+    bool is_negative = *s == '-' ? true : false;
+    if (is_negative)
+    {
+        ++s;
+        --length;
+    }
+
+    using U = typename traits_extension::make_unsigned<T>::type;
+
+    U u;
+    auto ru = to_integer(s, length, u);
+    if (ru.ec != to_integer_errc())
+    {
+        return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(ru.ptr, ru.ec);
+    }
+    if (is_negative)
+    {
+        if (u > static_cast<U>(-((traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::lowest)()+T(1))) + U(1))
+        {
+            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(ru.ptr, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            n = static_cast<T>(U(0) - u);
+            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(ru.ptr, to_integer_errc());
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (u > static_cast<U>((traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::max)()))
+        {
+            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(ru.ptr, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            n = static_cast<T>(u);
+            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(ru.ptr, to_integer_errc());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template <class T, class CharT>
+typename std::enable_if<traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_specialized,to_integer_result<T,CharT>>::type
+to_integer(const CharT* s, T& n)
+{
+    return to_integer<T,CharT>(s, std::char_traits<CharT>::length(s), n);
+}
+
+// Precondition: s satisfies
+
+// digit
+// digit1-digits 
+// - digit
+// - digit1-digits
+
+template <class T, class CharT>
+typename std::enable_if<traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_specialized && !traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_signed,to_integer_result<T,CharT>>::type
+to_integer_unchecked(const CharT* s, std::size_t length, T& n)
+{
+    static_assert(traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_specialized, "Integer type not specialized");
+    JSONCONS_ASSERT(length > 0);
+
+    n = 0;
+    const CharT* end = s + length; 
+    if (*s == '-')
+    {
+        static constexpr T min_value = (traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::lowest)();
+        static constexpr T min_value_div_10 = min_value / 10;
+        ++s;
+        for (; s < end; ++s)
+        {
+            T x = (T)*s - (T)('0');
+            if (n < min_value_div_10)
+            {
+                return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+            }
+            n = n * 10;
+            if (n < min_value + x)
+            {
+                return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+            }
+
+            n -= x;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        static constexpr T max_value = (traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::max)();
+        static constexpr T max_value_div_10 = max_value / 10;
+        for (; s < end; ++s)
+        {
+            T x = static_cast<T>(*s) - static_cast<T>('0');
+            if (n > max_value_div_10)
+            {
+                return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+            }
+            n = n * 10;
+            if (n > max_value - x)
+            {
+                return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+            }
+
+            n += x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc());
+}
+
+// Precondition: s satisfies
+
+// digit
+// digit1-digits 
+// - digit
+// - digit1-digits
+
+template <class T, class CharT>
+typename std::enable_if<traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_specialized && traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_signed,to_integer_result<T,CharT>>::type
+to_integer_unchecked(const CharT* s, std::size_t length, T& n)
+{
+    static_assert(traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_specialized, "Integer type not specialized");
+    JSONCONS_ASSERT(length > 0);
+
+    n = 0;
+
+    const CharT* end = s + length; 
+    if (*s == '-')
+    {
+        static constexpr T min_value = (traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::lowest)();
+        static constexpr T min_value_div_10 = min_value / 10;
+        ++s;
+        for (; s < end; ++s)
+        {
+            T x = (T)*s - (T)('0');
+            if (n < min_value_div_10)
+            {
+                return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+            }
+            n = n * 10;
+            if (n < min_value + x)
+            {
+                return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+            }
+
+            n -= x;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        static constexpr T max_value = (traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::max)();
+        static constexpr T max_value_div_10 = max_value / 10;
+        for (; s < end; ++s)
+        {
+            T x = static_cast<T>(*s) - static_cast<T>('0');
+            if (n > max_value_div_10)
+            {
+                return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+            }
+            n = n * 10;
+            if (n > max_value - x)
+            {
+                return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+            }
+
+            n += x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc());
+}
+
+// base16_to_integer
+
+template <class T, class CharT>
+typename std::enable_if<traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_specialized && traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_signed,to_integer_result<T,CharT>>::type
+base16_to_integer(const CharT* s, std::size_t length, T& n)
+{
+    static_assert(traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_specialized, "Integer type not specialized");
+    JSONCONS_ASSERT(length > 0);
+
+    n = 0;
+
+    const CharT* end = s + length; 
+    if (*s == '-')
+    {
+        static constexpr T min_value = (traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::lowest)();
+        static constexpr T min_value_div_16 = min_value / 16;
+        ++s;
+        for (; s < end; ++s)
+        {
+            CharT c = *s;
+            T x = 0;
+            switch (c)
+            {
+                case '0':case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':case '5':case '6':case '7':case '8': case '9':
+                    x = c - '0';
+                    break;
+                case 'a':case 'b':case 'c':case 'd':case 'e':case 'f':
+                    x = c - ('a' - 10);
+                    break;
+                case 'A':case 'B':case 'C':case 'D':case 'E':case 'F':
+                    x = c - ('A' - 10);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_digit);
+            }
+            if (n < min_value_div_16)
+            {
+                return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+            }
+            n = n * 16;
+            if (n < min_value + x)
+            {
+                return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+            }
+            n -= x;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        static constexpr T max_value = (traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::max)();
+        static constexpr T max_value_div_16 = max_value / 16;
+        for (; s < end; ++s)
+        {
+            CharT c = *s;
+            T x = 0;
+            switch (c)
+            {
+                case '0':case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':case '5':case '6':case '7':case '8': case '9':
+                    x = c - '0';
+                    break;
+                case 'a':case 'b':case 'c':case 'd':case 'e':case 'f':
+                    x = c - ('a' - 10);
+                    break;
+                case 'A':case 'B':case 'C':case 'D':case 'E':case 'F':
+                    x = c - ('A' - 10);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_digit);
+            }
+            if (n > max_value_div_16)
+            {
+                return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+            }
+            n = n * 16;
+            if (n > max_value - x)
+            {
+                return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+            }
+
+            n += x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc());
+}
+
+template <class T, class CharT>
+typename std::enable_if<traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_specialized && !traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_signed,to_integer_result<T,CharT>>::type
+base16_to_integer(const CharT* s, std::size_t length, T& n)
+{
+    static_assert(traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::is_specialized, "Integer type not specialized");
+    JSONCONS_ASSERT(length > 0);
+
+    n = 0;
+    const CharT* end = s + length; 
+
+    static constexpr T max_value = (traits_extension::integer_limits<T>::max)();
+    static constexpr T max_value_div_16 = max_value / 16;
+    for (; s < end; ++s)
+    {
+        CharT c = *s;
+        T x = *s;
+        switch (c)
+        {
+            case '0':case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':case '5':case '6':case '7':case '8': case '9':
+                x = c - '0';
+                break;
+            case 'a':case 'b':case 'c':case 'd':case 'e':case 'f':
+                x = c - ('a' - 10);
+                break;
+            case 'A':case 'B':case 'C':case 'D':case 'E':case 'F':
+                x = c - ('A' - 10);
+                break;
+            default:
+                return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::invalid_digit);
+        }
+        if (n > max_value_div_16)
+        {
+            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+        }
+        n = n * 16;
+        if (n > max_value - x)
+        {
+            return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc::overflow);
+        }
+
+        n += x;
+    }
+
+    return to_integer_result<T,CharT>(s, to_integer_errc());
+}
+
+
+#if defined(JSONCONS_HAS_STD_FROM_CHARS) && JSONCONS_HAS_STD_FROM_CHARS
+
+class chars_to
+{
+public:
+
+    char get_decimal_point() const
+    {
+        return '.';
+    }
+
+    template <class CharT>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<CharT,char>::value,double>::type
+    operator()(const CharT* s, std::size_t len) const
+    {
+        double val = 0;
+        const auto res = std::from_chars(s, s+len, val);
+        if (res.ec != std::errc())
+        {
+            JSONCONS_THROW(json_runtime_error<std::invalid_argument>("Convert chars to double failed"));
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    template <class CharT>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<CharT,wchar_t>::value,double>::type
+    operator()(const CharT* s, std::size_t len) const
+    {
+        std::string input(len,'0');
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+        {
+            input[i] = static_cast<char>(s[i]);
+        }
+
+        double val = 0;
+        const auto res = std::from_chars(input.data(), input.data() + len, val);
+        if (res.ec != std::errc())
+        {
+            JSONCONS_THROW(json_runtime_error<std::invalid_argument>("Convert chars to double failed"));
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+};
+#elif defined(JSONCONS_HAS_MSC_STRTOD_L)
+
+class chars_to
+{
+private:
+    _locale_t locale_;
+public:
+    chars_to()
+    {
+        locale_ = _create_locale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
+    }
+    ~chars_to() noexcept
+    {
+        _free_locale(locale_);
+    }
+
+    chars_to(const chars_to&)
+    {
+        locale_ = _create_locale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
+    }
+
+    chars_to& operator=(const chars_to&) 
+    {
+        // Don't assign locale
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    char get_decimal_point() const
+    {
+        return '.';
+    }
+
+    template <class CharT>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<CharT,char>::value,double>::type
+    operator()(const CharT* s, std::size_t) const
+    {
+        CharT *end = nullptr;
+        double val = _strtod_l(s, &end, locale_);
+        if (s == end)
+        {
+            JSONCONS_THROW(json_runtime_error<std::invalid_argument>("Convert string to double failed"));
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    template <class CharT>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<CharT,wchar_t>::value,double>::type
+    operator()(const CharT* s, std::size_t) const
+    {
+        CharT *end = nullptr;
+        double val = _wcstod_l(s, &end, locale_);
+        if (s == end)
+        {
+            JSONCONS_THROW(json_runtime_error<std::invalid_argument>("Convert string to double failed"));
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+};
+
+#elif defined(JSONCONS_HAS_STRTOLD_L)
+
+class chars_to
+{
+private:
+    locale_t locale_;
+public:
+    chars_to()
+    {
+        locale_ = newlocale(LC_ALL_MASK, "C", (locale_t) 0);
+    }
+    ~chars_to() noexcept
+    {
+        freelocale(locale_);
+    }
+
+    chars_to(const chars_to&)
+    {
+        locale_ = newlocale(LC_ALL_MASK, "C", (locale_t) 0);
+    }
+
+    chars_to& operator=(const chars_to&) 
+    {
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    char get_decimal_point() const
+    {
+        return '.';
+    }
+
+    template <class CharT>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<CharT,char>::value,double>::type
+    operator()(const CharT* s, std::size_t) const
+    {
+        char *end = nullptr;
+        double val = strtold_l(s, &end, locale_);
+        if (s == end)
+        {
+            JSONCONS_THROW(json_runtime_error<std::invalid_argument>("Convert string to double failed"));
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    template <class CharT>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<CharT,wchar_t>::value,double>::type
+    operator()(const CharT* s, std::size_t) const
+    {
+        CharT *end = nullptr;
+        double val = wcstold_l(s, &end, locale_);
+        if (s == end)
+        {
+            JSONCONS_THROW(json_runtime_error<std::invalid_argument>("Convert string to double failed"));
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+};
+
+#else
+class chars_to
+{
+private:
+    std::vector<char> buffer_;
+    char decimal_point_;
+public:
+    chars_to()
+        : buffer_()
+    {
+        struct lconv * lc = localeconv();
+        if (lc != nullptr && lc->decimal_point[0] != 0)
+        {
+            decimal_point_ = lc->decimal_point[0];    
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            decimal_point_ = '.'; 
+        }
+        buffer_.reserve(100);
+    }
+
+    chars_to(const chars_to&) = default;
+    chars_to& operator=(const chars_to&) = default;
+
+    char get_decimal_point() const
+    {
+        return decimal_point_;
+    }
+
+    template <class CharT>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<CharT,char>::value,double>::type
+    operator()(const CharT* s, std::size_t /*length*/) const
+    {
+        CharT *end = nullptr;
+        double val = strtod(s, &end);
+        if (s == end)
+        {
+            JSONCONS_THROW(json_runtime_error<std::invalid_argument>("Convert string to double failed"));
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    template <class CharT>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<CharT,wchar_t>::value,double>::type
+    operator()(const CharT* s, std::size_t /*length*/) const
+    {
+        CharT *end = nullptr;
+        double val = wcstod(s, &end);
+        if (s == end)
+        {
+            JSONCONS_THROW(json_runtime_error<std::invalid_argument>("Convert string to double failed"));
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+};
+#endif
+
+}}
+
+#endif