json 2.7.4 → 2.8.1

data/ext/json/ext/parser/parser.c

@@ -1,7 +1,321 @@
 /* This file is automatically generated from parser.rl by using ragel */
 #line 1 "parser.rl"
+#include "ruby.h"
 #include "../fbuffer/fbuffer.h"
-#include "parser.h"
+
+static VALUE mJSON, mExt, cParser, eNestingError, Encoding_UTF_8;
+static VALUE CNaN, CInfinity, CMinusInfinity;
+
+static ID i_json_creatable_p, i_json_create, i_create_id,
+          i_chr, i_deep_const_get, i_match, i_aset, i_aref,
+          i_leftshift, i_new, i_try_convert, i_uminus, i_encode;
+
+static VALUE sym_max_nesting, sym_allow_nan, sym_allow_trailing_comma, sym_symbolize_names, sym_freeze,
+             sym_create_additions, sym_create_id, sym_object_class, sym_array_class,
+             sym_decimal_class, sym_match_string;
+
+static int binary_encindex;
+static int utf8_encindex;
+
+#ifdef HAVE_RB_CATEGORY_WARN
+# define json_deprecated(message) rb_category_warn(RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEPRECATED, message)
+#else
+# define json_deprecated(message) rb_warn(message)
+#endif
+
+static const char deprecated_create_additions_warning[] =
+    "JSON.load implicit support for `create_additions: true` is deprecated "
+    "and will be removed in 3.0, use JSON.unsafe_load or explicitly "
+    "pass `create_additions: true`";
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_GC_MARK_LOCATIONS
+// For TruffleRuby
+void rb_gc_mark_locations(const VALUE *start, const VALUE *end)
+{
+    VALUE *value = start;
+
+    while (value < end) {
+        rb_gc_mark(*value);
+        value++;
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_HASH_BULK_INSERT
+// For TruffleRuby
+void rb_hash_bulk_insert(long count, const VALUE *pairs, VALUE hash)
+{
+    long index = 0;
+    while (index < count) {
+        VALUE name = pairs[index++];
+        VALUE value = pairs[index++];
+        rb_hash_aset(hash, name, value);
+    }
+    RB_GC_GUARD(hash);
+}
+#endif
+
+/* name cache */
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+// Object names are likely to be repeated, and are frozen.
+// As such we can re-use them if we keep a cache of the ones we've seen so far,
+// and save much more expensive lookups into the global fstring table.
+// This cache implementation is deliberately simple, as we're optimizing for compactness,
+// to be able to fit safely on the stack.
+// As such, binary search into a sorted array gives a good tradeoff between compactness and
+// performance.
+#define JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_CAPA 63
+typedef struct rvalue_cache_struct {
+    int length;
+    VALUE entries[JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_CAPA];
+} rvalue_cache;
+
+static rb_encoding *enc_utf8;
+
+#define JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_MAX_ENTRY_LENGTH 55
+
+static inline VALUE build_interned_string(const char *str, const long length)
+{
+# ifdef HAVE_RB_ENC_INTERNED_STR
+    return rb_enc_interned_str(str, length, enc_utf8);
+# else
+    VALUE rstring = rb_utf8_str_new(str, length);
+    return rb_funcall(rb_str_freeze(rstring), i_uminus, 0);
+# endif
+}
+
+static inline VALUE build_symbol(const char *str, const long length)
+{
+    return rb_str_intern(build_interned_string(str, length));
+}
+
+static void rvalue_cache_insert_at(rvalue_cache *cache, int index, VALUE rstring)
+{
+    MEMMOVE(&cache->entries[index + 1], &cache->entries[index], VALUE, cache->length - index);
+    cache->length++;
+    cache->entries[index] = rstring;
+}
+
+static inline int rstring_cache_cmp(const char *str, const long length, VALUE rstring)
+{
+    long rstring_length = RSTRING_LEN(rstring);
+    if (length == rstring_length) {
+        return memcmp(str, RSTRING_PTR(rstring), length);
+    } else {
+        return (int)(length - rstring_length);
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE rstring_cache_fetch(rvalue_cache *cache, const char *str, const long length)
+{
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(length > JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_MAX_ENTRY_LENGTH)) {
+        // Common names aren't likely to be very long. So we just don't
+        // cache names above an arbitrary threshold.
+        return Qfalse;
+    }
+
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(!isalpha(str[0]))) {
+        // Simple heuristic, if the first character isn't a letter,
+        // we're much less likely to see this string again.
+        // We mostly want to cache strings that are likely to be repeated.
+        return Qfalse;
+    }
+
+    int low = 0;
+    int high = cache->length - 1;
+    int mid = 0;
+    int last_cmp = 0;
+
+    while (low <= high) {
+        mid = (high + low) >> 1;
+        VALUE entry = cache->entries[mid];
+        last_cmp = rstring_cache_cmp(str, length, entry);
+
+        if (last_cmp == 0) {
+            return entry;
+        } else if (last_cmp > 0) {
+            low = mid + 1;
+        } else {
+            high = mid - 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(memchr(str, '\\', length))) {
+        // We assume the overwhelming majority of names don't need to be escaped.
+        // But if they do, we have to fallback to the slow path.
+        return Qfalse;
+    }
+
+    VALUE rstring = build_interned_string(str, length);
+
+    if (cache->length < JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_CAPA) {
+        if (last_cmp > 0) {
+            mid += 1;
+        }
+
+        rvalue_cache_insert_at(cache, mid, rstring);
+    }
+    return rstring;
+}
+
+static VALUE rsymbol_cache_fetch(rvalue_cache *cache, const char *str, const long length)
+{
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(length > JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_MAX_ENTRY_LENGTH)) {
+        // Common names aren't likely to be very long. So we just don't
+        // cache names above an arbitrary threshold.
+        return Qfalse;
+    }
+
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(!isalpha(str[0]))) {
+        // Simple heuristic, if the first character isn't a letter,
+        // we're much less likely to see this string again.
+        // We mostly want to cache strings that are likely to be repeated.
+        return Qfalse;
+    }
+
+    int low = 0;
+    int high = cache->length - 1;
+    int mid = 0;
+    int last_cmp = 0;
+
+    while (low <= high) {
+        mid = (high + low) >> 1;
+        VALUE entry = cache->entries[mid];
+        last_cmp = rstring_cache_cmp(str, length, rb_sym2str(entry));
+
+        if (last_cmp == 0) {
+            return entry;
+        } else if (last_cmp > 0) {
+            low = mid + 1;
+        } else {
+            high = mid - 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(memchr(str, '\\', length))) {
+        // We assume the overwhelming majority of names don't need to be escaped.
+        // But if they do, we have to fallback to the slow path.
+        return Qfalse;
+    }
+
+    VALUE rsymbol = build_symbol(str, length);
+
+    if (cache->length < JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_CAPA) {
+        if (last_cmp > 0) {
+            mid += 1;
+        }
+
+        rvalue_cache_insert_at(cache, mid, rsymbol);
+    }
+    return rsymbol;
+}
+
+/* rvalue stack */
+
+#define RVALUE_STACK_INITIAL_CAPA 128
+
+enum rvalue_stack_type {
+    RVALUE_STACK_HEAP_ALLOCATED = 0,
+    RVALUE_STACK_STACK_ALLOCATED = 1,
+};
+
+typedef struct rvalue_stack_struct {
+    enum rvalue_stack_type type;
+    long capa;
+    long head;
+    VALUE *ptr;
+} rvalue_stack;
+
+static rvalue_stack *rvalue_stack_spill(rvalue_stack *old_stack, VALUE *handle, rvalue_stack **stack_ref);
+
+static rvalue_stack *rvalue_stack_grow(rvalue_stack *stack, VALUE *handle, rvalue_stack **stack_ref)
+{
+    long required = stack->capa * 2;
+
+    if (stack->type == RVALUE_STACK_STACK_ALLOCATED) {
+        stack = rvalue_stack_spill(stack, handle, stack_ref);
+    } else {
+        REALLOC_N(stack->ptr, VALUE, required);
+        stack->capa = required;
+    }
+    return stack;
+}
+
+static void rvalue_stack_push(rvalue_stack *stack, VALUE value, VALUE *handle, rvalue_stack **stack_ref)
+{
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(stack->head >= stack->capa)) {
+        stack = rvalue_stack_grow(stack, handle, stack_ref);
+    }
+    stack->ptr[stack->head] = value;
+    stack->head++;
+}
+
+static inline VALUE *rvalue_stack_peek(rvalue_stack *stack, long count)
+{
+    return stack->ptr + (stack->head - count);
+}
+
+static inline void rvalue_stack_pop(rvalue_stack *stack, long count)
+{
+    stack->head -= count;
+}
+
+static void rvalue_stack_mark(void *ptr)
+{
+    rvalue_stack *stack = (rvalue_stack *)ptr;
+    rb_gc_mark_locations(stack->ptr, stack->ptr + stack->head);
+}
+
+static void rvalue_stack_free(void *ptr)
+{
+    rvalue_stack *stack = (rvalue_stack *)ptr;
+    if (stack) {
+        ruby_xfree(stack->ptr);
+        ruby_xfree(stack);
+    }
+}
+
+static size_t rvalue_stack_memsize(const void *ptr)
+{
+    const rvalue_stack *stack = (const rvalue_stack *)ptr;
+    return sizeof(rvalue_stack) + sizeof(VALUE) * stack->capa;
+}
+
+static const rb_data_type_t JSON_Parser_rvalue_stack_type = {
+    "JSON::Ext::Parser/rvalue_stack",
+    {
+        .dmark = rvalue_stack_mark,
+        .dfree = rvalue_stack_free,
+        .dsize = rvalue_stack_memsize,
+    },
+    0, 0,
+    RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+};
+
+static rvalue_stack *rvalue_stack_spill(rvalue_stack *old_stack, VALUE *handle, rvalue_stack **stack_ref)
+{
+    rvalue_stack *stack;
+    *handle = TypedData_Make_Struct(0, rvalue_stack, &JSON_Parser_rvalue_stack_type, stack);
+    *stack_ref = stack;
+    MEMCPY(stack, old_stack, rvalue_stack, 1);
+
+    stack->capa = old_stack->capa << 1;
+    stack->ptr = ALLOC_N(VALUE, stack->capa);
+    stack->type = RVALUE_STACK_HEAP_ALLOCATED;
+    MEMCPY(stack->ptr, old_stack->ptr, VALUE, old_stack->head);
+    return stack;
+}
+
+static void rvalue_stack_eagerly_release(VALUE handle)
+{
+    rvalue_stack *stack;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(handle, rvalue_stack, &JSON_Parser_rvalue_stack_type, stack);
+    RTYPEDDATA_DATA(handle) = NULL;
+    rvalue_stack_free(stack);
+}
 
 /* unicode */
 
@@ -69,6 +383,50 @@ static int convert_UTF32_to_UTF8(char *buf, uint32_t ch)
     return len;
 }
 
+typedef struct JSON_ParserStruct {
+    VALUE Vsource;
+    char *source;
+    long len;
+    char *memo;
+    VALUE create_id;
+    VALUE object_class;
+    VALUE array_class;
+    VALUE decimal_class;
+    VALUE match_string;
+    FBuffer fbuffer;
+    int max_nesting;
+    bool allow_nan;
+    bool allow_trailing_comma;
+    bool parsing_name;
+    bool symbolize_names;
+    bool freeze;
+    bool create_additions;
+    bool deprecated_create_additions;
+    rvalue_cache name_cache;
+    rvalue_stack *stack;
+    VALUE stack_handle;
+} JSON_Parser;
+
+#define GET_PARSER                          \
+    GET_PARSER_INIT;                        \
+    if (!json->Vsource) rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "uninitialized instance")
+
+#define GET_PARSER_INIT                     \
+    JSON_Parser *json;                      \
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, JSON_Parser, &JSON_Parser_type, json)
+
+#define MinusInfinity "-Infinity"
+#define EVIL 0x666
+
+static const rb_data_type_t JSON_Parser_type;
+static char *JSON_parse_string(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result);
+static char *JSON_parse_object(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result, int current_nesting);
+static char *JSON_parse_value(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result, int current_nesting);
+static char *JSON_parse_integer(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result);
+static char *JSON_parse_float(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result);
+static char *JSON_parse_array(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result, int current_nesting);
+
+
 #define PARSE_ERROR_FRAGMENT_LEN 32
 #ifdef RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN
 RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
@@ -86,60 +444,49 @@ static void raise_parse_error(const char *format, const char *start)
         ptr = buffer;
     }
 
-    rb_enc_raise(rb_utf8_encoding(), rb_path2class("JSON::ParserError"), format, ptr);
+    rb_enc_raise(enc_utf8, rb_path2class("JSON::ParserError"), format, ptr);
 }
 
-static VALUE mJSON, mExt, cParser, eNestingError;
-static VALUE CNaN, CInfinity, CMinusInfinity;
-
-static ID i_json_creatable_p, i_json_create, i_create_id, i_create_additions,
-          i_chr, i_max_nesting, i_allow_nan, i_symbolize_names,
-          i_object_class, i_array_class, i_decimal_class,
-          i_deep_const_get, i_match, i_match_string, i_aset, i_aref,
-          i_leftshift, i_new, i_try_convert, i_freeze, i_uminus;
 
-static int binary_encindex;
-static int utf8_encindex;
 
+#line 475 "parser.rl"
 
 
-#line 129 "parser.rl"
 
-
-
-#line 111 "parser.c"
+#line 457 "parser.c"
 enum {JSON_object_start = 1};
-enum {JSON_object_first_final = 27};
+enum {JSON_object_first_final = 32};
 enum {JSON_object_error = 0};
 
 enum {JSON_object_en_main = 1};
 
 
-#line 171 "parser.rl"
+#line 515 "parser.rl"
 
 
+#define PUSH(result) rvalue_stack_push(json->stack, result, &json->stack_handle, &json->stack)
+
 static char *JSON_parse_object(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result, int current_nesting)
 {
     int cs = EVIL;
-    VALUE last_name = Qnil;
-    VALUE object_class = json->object_class;
 
     if (json->max_nesting && current_nesting > json->max_nesting) {
         rb_raise(eNestingError, "nesting of %d is too deep", current_nesting);
     }
 
-    *result = NIL_P(object_class) ? rb_hash_new() : rb_class_new_instance(0, 0, object_class);
+    long stack_head = json->stack->head;
 
 
-#line 135 "parser.c"
+#line 481 "parser.c"
 	{
 	cs = JSON_object_start;
 	}
 
-#line 186 "parser.rl"
+#line 530 "parser.rl"
 
-#line 142 "parser.c"
+#line 488 "parser.c"
 	{
+	short _widec;
 	if ( p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof;
 	switch ( cs )
@@ -159,27 +506,30 @@ case 2:
 		case 13: goto st2;
 		case 32: goto st2;
 		case 34: goto tr2;
-		case 47: goto st23;
+		case 47: goto st28;
 		case 125: goto tr4;
 	}
 	if ( 9 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 10 )
 		goto st2;
 	goto st0;
 tr2:
-#line 153 "parser.rl"
+#line 494 "parser.rl"
 	{
         char *np;
-        json->parsing_name = 1;
-        np = JSON_parse_string(json, p, pe, &last_name);
-        json->parsing_name = 0;
-        if (np == NULL) { p--; {p++; cs = 3; goto _out;} } else {p = (( np))-1;}
+        json->parsing_name = true;
+        np = JSON_parse_string(json, p, pe, result);
+        json->parsing_name = false;
+        if (np == NULL) { p--; {p++; cs = 3; goto _out;} } else {
+            PUSH(*result);
+            {p = (( np))-1;}
+         }
     }
 	goto st3;
 st3:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof3;
 case 3:
-#line 183 "parser.c"
+#line 533 "parser.c"
 	switch( (*p) ) {
 		case 13: goto st3;
 		case 32: goto st3;
@@ -230,7 +580,7 @@ case 8:
 		case 32: goto st8;
 		case 34: goto tr11;
 		case 45: goto tr11;
-		case 47: goto st19;
+		case 47: goto st24;
 		case 73: goto tr11;
 		case 78: goto tr11;
 		case 91: goto tr11;
@@ -246,19 +596,12 @@ case 8:
 		goto st8;
 	goto st0;
 tr11:
-#line 137 "parser.rl"
+#line 483 "parser.rl"
 	{
-        VALUE v = Qnil;
-        char *np = JSON_parse_value(json, p, pe, &v, current_nesting);
+        char *np = JSON_parse_value(json, p, pe, result, current_nesting);
         if (np == NULL) {
             p--; {p++; cs = 9; goto _out;}
         } else {
-            if (NIL_P(json->object_class)) {
-                OBJ_FREEZE(last_name);
-                rb_hash_aset(*result, last_name, v);
-            } else {
-                rb_funcall(*result, i_aset, 2, last_name, v);
-            }
             {p = (( np))-1;}
         }
     }
@@ -267,16 +610,75 @@ st9:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof9;
 case 9:
-#line 271 "parser.c"
-	switch( (*p) ) {
-		case 13: goto st9;
-		case 32: goto st9;
-		case 44: goto st10;
-		case 47: goto st15;
+#line 614 "parser.c"
+	_widec = (*p);
+	if ( (*p) < 13 ) {
+		if ( (*p) > 9 ) {
+			if ( 10 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 10 ) {
+				_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+				if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+			}
+		} else if ( (*p) >= 9 ) {
+			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else if ( (*p) > 13 ) {
+		if ( (*p) < 44 ) {
+			if ( 32 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 32 ) {
+				_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+				if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+			}
+		} else if ( (*p) > 44 ) {
+			if ( 47 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 47 ) {
+				_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+				if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+			}
+		} else {
+			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else {
+		_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+		if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+	}
+	switch( _widec ) {
 		case 125: goto tr4;
-	}
-	if ( 9 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 10 )
-		goto st9;
+		case 269: goto st10;
+		case 288: goto st10;
+		case 300: goto st11;
+		case 303: goto st16;
+		case 525: goto st9;
+		case 544: goto st9;
+		case 556: goto st2;
+		case 559: goto st20;
+	}
+	if ( _widec > 266 ) {
+		if ( 521 <= _widec && _widec <= 522 )
+			goto st9;
+	} else if ( _widec >= 265 )
+		goto st10;
+	goto st0;
+tr4:
+#line 505 "parser.rl"
+	{ p--; {p++; cs = 32; goto _out;} }
+	goto st32;
+st32:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof32;
+case 32:
+#line 682 "parser.c"
 	goto st0;
 st10:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
@@ -285,8 +687,9 @@ case 10:
 	switch( (*p) ) {
 		case 13: goto st10;
 		case 32: goto st10;
-		case 34: goto tr2;
-		case 47: goto st11;
+		case 44: goto st11;
+		case 47: goto st16;
+		case 125: goto tr4;
 	}
 	if ( 9 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 10 )
 		goto st10;
@@ -296,139 +699,288 @@ st11:
 		goto _test_eof11;
 case 11:
 	switch( (*p) ) {
-		case 42: goto st12;
-		case 47: goto st14;
+		case 13: goto st11;
+		case 32: goto st11;
+		case 34: goto tr2;
+		case 47: goto st12;
 	}
+	if ( 9 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 10 )
+		goto st11;
 	goto st0;
 st12:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof12;
 case 12:
-	if ( (*p) == 42 )
-		goto st13;
-	goto st12;
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st13;
+		case 47: goto st15;
+	}
+	goto st0;
 st13:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof13;
 case 13:
-	switch( (*p) ) {
-		case 42: goto st13;
-		case 47: goto st10;
-	}
-	goto st12;
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st14;
+	goto st13;
 st14:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof14;
 case 14:
-	if ( (*p) == 10 )
-		goto st10;
-	goto st14;
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st14;
+		case 47: goto st11;
+	}
+	goto st13;
 st15:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof15;
 case 15:
-	switch( (*p) ) {
-		case 42: goto st16;
-		case 47: goto st18;
-	}
-	goto st0;
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st11;
+	goto st15;
 st16:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof16;
 case 16:
-	if ( (*p) == 42 )
-		goto st17;
-	goto st16;
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st17;
+		case 47: goto st19;
+	}
+	goto st0;
 st17:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof17;
 case 17:
-	switch( (*p) ) {
-		case 42: goto st17;
-		case 47: goto st9;
-	}
-	goto st16;
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st18;
+	goto st17;
 st18:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof18;
 case 18:
-	if ( (*p) == 10 )
-		goto st9;
-	goto st18;
-tr4:
-#line 161 "parser.rl"
-	{ p--; {p++; cs = 27; goto _out;} }
-	goto st27;
-st27:
-	if ( ++p == pe )
-		goto _test_eof27;
-case 27:
-#line 367 "parser.c"
-	goto st0;
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st18;
+		case 47: goto st10;
+	}
+	goto st17;
 st19:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof19;
 case 19:
-	switch( (*p) ) {
-		case 42: goto st20;
-		case 47: goto st22;
-	}
-	goto st0;
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st10;
+	goto st19;
 st20:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof20;
 case 20:
-	if ( (*p) == 42 )
-		goto st21;
-	goto st20;
+	_widec = (*p);
+	if ( (*p) > 42 ) {
+		if ( 47 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 47 ) {
+			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else if ( (*p) >= 42 ) {
+		_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+		if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+	}
+	switch( _widec ) {
+		case 298: goto st17;
+		case 303: goto st19;
+		case 554: goto st21;
+		case 559: goto st23;
+	}
+	goto st0;
 st21:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof21;
 case 21:
-	switch( (*p) ) {
-		case 42: goto st21;
-		case 47: goto st8;
-	}
-	goto st20;
+	_widec = (*p);
+	if ( (*p) < 42 ) {
+		if ( (*p) <= 41 ) {
+			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else if ( (*p) > 42 ) {
+		if ( 43 <= (*p) )
+ {			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else {
+		_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+		if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+	}
+	switch( _widec ) {
+		case 298: goto st18;
+		case 554: goto st22;
+	}
+	if ( _widec > 383 ) {
+		if ( 384 <= _widec && _widec <= 639 )
+			goto st21;
+	} else if ( _widec >= 128 )
+		goto st17;
+	goto st0;
 st22:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof22;
 case 22:
-	if ( (*p) == 10 )
-		goto st8;
-	goto st22;
+	_widec = (*p);
+	if ( (*p) < 43 ) {
+		if ( (*p) > 41 ) {
+			if ( 42 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 42 ) {
+				_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+				if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+			}
+		} else {
+			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else if ( (*p) > 46 ) {
+		if ( (*p) > 47 ) {
+			if ( 48 <= (*p) )
+ {				_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+				if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+			}
+		} else if ( (*p) >= 47 ) {
+			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else {
+		_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+		if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+	}
+	switch( _widec ) {
+		case 298: goto st18;
+		case 303: goto st10;
+		case 554: goto st22;
+		case 559: goto st9;
+	}
+	if ( _widec > 383 ) {
+		if ( 384 <= _widec && _widec <= 639 )
+			goto st21;
+	} else if ( _widec >= 128 )
+		goto st17;
+	goto st0;
 st23:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof23;
 case 23:
-	switch( (*p) ) {
-		case 42: goto st24;
-		case 47: goto st26;
-	}
+	_widec = (*p);
+	if ( (*p) < 10 ) {
+		if ( (*p) <= 9 ) {
+			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else if ( (*p) > 10 ) {
+		if ( 11 <= (*p) )
+ {			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else {
+		_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+		if (
+#line 492 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+	}
+	switch( _widec ) {
+		case 266: goto st10;
+		case 522: goto st9;
+	}
+	if ( _widec > 383 ) {
+		if ( 384 <= _widec && _widec <= 639 )
+			goto st23;
+	} else if ( _widec >= 128 )
+		goto st19;
 	goto st0;
 st24:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof24;
 case 24:
-	if ( (*p) == 42 )
-		goto st25;
-	goto st24;
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st25;
+		case 47: goto st27;
+	}
+	goto st0;
 st25:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof25;
 case 25:
-	switch( (*p) ) {
-		case 42: goto st25;
-		case 47: goto st2;
-	}
-	goto st24;
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st26;
+	goto st25;
 st26:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof26;
 case 26:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st26;
+		case 47: goto st8;
+	}
+	goto st25;
+st27:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof27;
+case 27:
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st8;
+	goto st27;
+st28:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof28;
+case 28:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st29;
+		case 47: goto st31;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st29:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof29;
+case 29:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st30;
+	goto st29;
+st30:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof30;
+case 30:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st30;
+		case 47: goto st2;
+	}
+	goto st29;
+st31:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof31;
+case 31:
 	if ( (*p) == 10 )
 		goto st2;
-	goto st26;
+	goto st31;
 	}
 	_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
@@ -438,6 +990,7 @@ case 26:
 	_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof9: cs = 9; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof32: cs = 32; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof10: cs = 10; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof11: cs = 11; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof12: cs = 12; goto _test_eof;
@@ -447,7 +1000,6 @@ case 26:
 	_test_eof16: cs = 16; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof17: cs = 17; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof18: cs = 18; goto _test_eof;
-	_test_eof27: cs = 27; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof19: cs = 19; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof20: cs = 20; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof21: cs = 21; goto _test_eof;
@@ -456,24 +1008,56 @@ case 26:
 	_test_eof24: cs = 24; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof25: cs = 25; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof26: cs = 26; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof27: cs = 27; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof28: cs = 28; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof29: cs = 29; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof30: cs = 30; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof31: cs = 31; goto _test_eof;
 
 	_test_eof: {}
 	_out: {}
 	}
 
-#line 187 "parser.rl"
+#line 531 "parser.rl"
 
     if (cs >= JSON_object_first_final) {
-        if (json->create_additions) {
+        long count = json->stack->head - stack_head;
+
+        if (RB_UNLIKELY(json->object_class)) {
+            VALUE object = rb_class_new_instance(0, 0, json->object_class);
+            long index = 0;
+            VALUE *items = rvalue_stack_peek(json->stack, count);
+            while (index < count) {
+                VALUE name = items[index++];
+                VALUE value = items[index++];
+                rb_funcall(object, i_aset, 2, name, value);
+            }
+            *result = object;
+        } else {
+            VALUE hash;
+#ifdef HAVE_RB_HASH_NEW_CAPA
+            hash = rb_hash_new_capa(count >> 1);
+#else
+            hash = rb_hash_new();
+#endif
+            rb_hash_bulk_insert(count, rvalue_stack_peek(json->stack, count), hash);
+            *result = hash;
+        }
+        rvalue_stack_pop(json->stack, count);
+
+        if (RB_UNLIKELY(json->create_additions)) {
             VALUE klassname;
-            if (NIL_P(json->object_class)) {
-              klassname = rb_hash_aref(*result, json->create_id);
+            if (json->object_class) {
+                klassname = rb_funcall(*result, i_aref, 1, json->create_id);
             } else {
-              klassname = rb_funcall(*result, i_aref, 1, json->create_id);
+                klassname = rb_hash_aref(*result, json->create_id);
             }
             if (!NIL_P(klassname)) {
                 VALUE klass = rb_funcall(mJSON, i_deep_const_get, 1, klassname);
                 if (RTEST(rb_funcall(klass, i_json_creatable_p, 0))) {
+                    if (json->deprecated_create_additions) {
+                        json_deprecated(deprecated_create_additions_warning);
+                    }
                     *result = rb_funcall(klass, i_json_create, 1, *result);
                 }
             }
@@ -485,8 +1069,7 @@ case 26:
 }
 
 
-
-#line 490 "parser.c"
+#line 1073 "parser.c"
 enum {JSON_value_start = 1};
 enum {JSON_value_first_final = 29};
 enum {JSON_value_error = 0};
@@ -494,7 +1077,7 @@ enum {JSON_value_error = 0};
 enum {JSON_value_en_main = 1};
 
 
-#line 287 "parser.rl"
+#line 666 "parser.rl"
 
 
 static char *JSON_parse_value(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result, int current_nesting)
@@ -502,14 +1085,14 @@ static char *JSON_parse_value(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *resul
     int cs = EVIL;
 
 
-#line 506 "parser.c"
+#line 1089 "parser.c"
 	{
 	cs = JSON_value_start;
 	}
 
-#line 294 "parser.rl"
+#line 673 "parser.rl"
 
-#line 513 "parser.c"
+#line 1096 "parser.c"
 	{
 	if ( p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof;
@@ -543,14 +1126,19 @@ st0:
 cs = 0;
 	goto _out;
 tr2:
-#line 239 "parser.rl"
+#line 609 "parser.rl"
 	{
         char *np = JSON_parse_string(json, p, pe, result);
-        if (np == NULL) { p--; {p++; cs = 29; goto _out;} } else {p = (( np))-1;}
+        if (np == NULL) {
+            p--;
+            {p++; cs = 29; goto _out;}
+        } else {
+            {p = (( np))-1;}
+        }
     }
 	goto st29;
 tr3:
-#line 244 "parser.rl"
+#line 619 "parser.rl"
 	{
         char *np;
         if(pe > p + 8 && !strncmp(MinusInfinity, p, 9)) {
@@ -563,14 +1151,18 @@ tr3:
             }
         }
         np = JSON_parse_float(json, p, pe, result);
-        if (np != NULL) {p = (( np))-1;}
+        if (np != NULL) {
+            {p = (( np))-1;}
+        }
         np = JSON_parse_integer(json, p, pe, result);
-        if (np != NULL) {p = (( np))-1;}
+        if (np != NULL) {
+            {p = (( np))-1;}
+        }
         p--; {p++; cs = 29; goto _out;}
     }
 	goto st29;
 tr7:
-#line 262 "parser.rl"
+#line 641 "parser.rl"
 	{
         char *np;
         np = JSON_parse_array(json, p, pe, result, current_nesting + 1);
@@ -578,7 +1170,7 @@ tr7:
     }
 	goto st29;
 tr11:
-#line 268 "parser.rl"
+#line 647 "parser.rl"
 	{
         char *np;
         np =  JSON_parse_object(json, p, pe, result, current_nesting + 1);
@@ -586,7 +1178,7 @@ tr11:
     }
 	goto st29;
 tr25:
-#line 232 "parser.rl"
+#line 602 "parser.rl"
 	{
         if (json->allow_nan) {
             *result = CInfinity;
@@ -596,7 +1188,7 @@ tr25:
     }
 	goto st29;
 tr27:
-#line 225 "parser.rl"
+#line 595 "parser.rl"
 	{
         if (json->allow_nan) {
             *result = CNaN;
@@ -606,19 +1198,19 @@ tr27:
     }
 	goto st29;
 tr31:
-#line 219 "parser.rl"
+#line 589 "parser.rl"
 	{
         *result = Qfalse;
     }
 	goto st29;
 tr34:
-#line 216 "parser.rl"
+#line 586 "parser.rl"
 	{
         *result = Qnil;
     }
 	goto st29;
 tr37:
-#line 222 "parser.rl"
+#line 592 "parser.rl"
 	{
         *result = Qtrue;
     }
@@ -627,9 +1219,9 @@ st29:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof29;
 case 29:
-#line 274 "parser.rl"
+#line 653 "parser.rl"
 	{ p--; {p++; cs = 29; goto _out;} }
-#line 633 "parser.c"
+#line 1225 "parser.c"
 	switch( (*p) ) {
 		case 13: goto st29;
 		case 32: goto st29;
@@ -870,13 +1462,14 @@ case 28:
 	_out: {}
 	}
 
-#line 295 "parser.rl"
+#line 674 "parser.rl"
 
     if (json->freeze) {
         OBJ_FREEZE(*result);
     }
 
     if (cs >= JSON_value_first_final) {
+        PUSH(*result);
         return p;
     } else {
         return NULL;
@@ -884,7 +1477,7 @@ case 28:
 }
 
 
-#line 888 "parser.c"
+#line 1481 "parser.c"
 enum {JSON_integer_start = 1};
 enum {JSON_integer_first_final = 3};
 enum {JSON_integer_error = 0};
@@ -892,23 +1485,45 @@ enum {JSON_integer_error = 0};
 enum {JSON_integer_en_main = 1};
 
 
-#line 315 "parser.rl"
+#line 695 "parser.rl"
 
 
+#define MAX_FAST_INTEGER_SIZE 18
+static inline VALUE fast_parse_integer(char *p, char *pe)
+{
+    bool negative = false;
+    if (*p == '-') {
+        negative = true;
+        p++;
+    }
+
+    long long memo = 0;
+    while (p < pe) {
+        memo *= 10;
+        memo += *p - '0';
+        p++;
+    }
+
+    if (negative) {
+        memo = -memo;
+    }
+    return LL2NUM(memo);
+}
+
 static char *JSON_parse_integer(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result)
 {
     int cs = EVIL;
 
 
-#line 904 "parser.c"
+#line 1519 "parser.c"
 	{
 	cs = JSON_integer_start;
 	}
 
-#line 322 "parser.rl"
+#line 724 "parser.rl"
     json->memo = p;
 
-#line 912 "parser.c"
+#line 1527 "parser.c"
 	{
 	if ( p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof;
@@ -942,14 +1557,14 @@ case 3:
 		goto st0;
 	goto tr4;
 tr4:
-#line 312 "parser.rl"
+#line 692 "parser.rl"
 	{ p--; {p++; cs = 4; goto _out;} }
 	goto st4;
 st4:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof4;
 case 4:
-#line 953 "parser.c"
+#line 1568 "parser.c"
 	goto st0;
 st5:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
@@ -968,14 +1583,18 @@ case 5:
 	_out: {}
 	}
 
-#line 324 "parser.rl"
+#line 726 "parser.rl"
 
     if (cs >= JSON_integer_first_final) {
         long len = p - json->memo;
-        fbuffer_clear(json->fbuffer);
-        fbuffer_append(json->fbuffer, json->memo, len);
-        fbuffer_append_char(json->fbuffer, '\0');
-        *result = rb_cstr2inum(FBUFFER_PTR(json->fbuffer), 10);
+        if (RB_LIKELY(len < MAX_FAST_INTEGER_SIZE)) {
+            *result = fast_parse_integer(json->memo, p);
+        } else {
+            fbuffer_clear(&json->fbuffer);
+            fbuffer_append(&json->fbuffer, json->memo, len);
+            fbuffer_append_char(&json->fbuffer, '\0');
+            *result = rb_cstr2inum(FBUFFER_PTR(&json->fbuffer), 10);
+        }
         return p + 1;
     } else {
         return NULL;
@@ -983,7 +1602,7 @@ case 5:
 }
 
 
-#line 987 "parser.c"
+#line 1606 "parser.c"
 enum {JSON_float_start = 1};
 enum {JSON_float_first_final = 8};
 enum {JSON_float_error = 0};
@@ -991,7 +1610,7 @@ enum {JSON_float_error = 0};
 enum {JSON_float_en_main = 1};
 
 
-#line 349 "parser.rl"
+#line 755 "parser.rl"
 
 
 static char *JSON_parse_float(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result)
@@ -999,15 +1618,15 @@ static char *JSON_parse_float(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *resul
     int cs = EVIL;
 
 
-#line 1003 "parser.c"
+#line 1622 "parser.c"
 	{
 	cs = JSON_float_start;
 	}
 
-#line 356 "parser.rl"
+#line 762 "parser.rl"
     json->memo = p;
 
-#line 1011 "parser.c"
+#line 1630 "parser.c"
 	{
 	if ( p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof;
@@ -1065,14 +1684,14 @@ case 8:
 		goto st0;
 	goto tr9;
 tr9:
-#line 343 "parser.rl"
+#line 749 "parser.rl"
 	{ p--; {p++; cs = 9; goto _out;} }
 	goto st9;
 st9:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof9;
 case 9:
-#line 1076 "parser.c"
+#line 1695 "parser.c"
 	goto st0;
 st5:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
@@ -1133,12 +1752,12 @@ case 7:
 	_out: {}
 	}
 
-#line 358 "parser.rl"
+#line 764 "parser.rl"
 
     if (cs >= JSON_float_first_final) {
         VALUE mod = Qnil;
         ID method_id = 0;
-        if (!NIL_P(json->decimal_class)) {
+        if (json->decimal_class) {
             if (rb_respond_to(json->decimal_class, i_try_convert)) {
                 mod = json->decimal_class;
                 method_id = i_try_convert;
@@ -1167,15 +1786,15 @@ case 7:
         }
 
         long len = p - json->memo;
-        fbuffer_clear(json->fbuffer);
-        fbuffer_append(json->fbuffer, json->memo, len);
-        fbuffer_append_char(json->fbuffer, '\0');
+        fbuffer_clear(&json->fbuffer);
+        fbuffer_append(&json->fbuffer, json->memo, len);
+        fbuffer_append_char(&json->fbuffer, '\0');
 
         if (method_id) {
-            VALUE text = rb_str_new2(FBUFFER_PTR(json->fbuffer));
+            VALUE text = rb_str_new2(FBUFFER_PTR(&json->fbuffer));
             *result = rb_funcallv(mod, method_id, 1, &text);
         } else {
-            *result = DBL2NUM(rb_cstr_to_dbl(FBUFFER_PTR(json->fbuffer), 1));
+            *result = DBL2NUM(rb_cstr_to_dbl(FBUFFER_PTR(&json->fbuffer), 1));
         }
 
         return p + 1;
@@ -1186,37 +1805,37 @@ case 7:
 
 
 
-#line 1190 "parser.c"
+#line 1809 "parser.c"
 enum {JSON_array_start = 1};
-enum {JSON_array_first_final = 17};
+enum {JSON_array_first_final = 22};
 enum {JSON_array_error = 0};
 
 enum {JSON_array_en_main = 1};
 
 
-#line 438 "parser.rl"
+#line 841 "parser.rl"
 
 
 static char *JSON_parse_array(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result, int current_nesting)
 {
     int cs = EVIL;
-    VALUE array_class = json->array_class;
 
     if (json->max_nesting && current_nesting > json->max_nesting) {
         rb_raise(eNestingError, "nesting of %d is too deep", current_nesting);
     }
-    *result = NIL_P(array_class) ? rb_ary_new() : rb_class_new_instance(0, 0, array_class);
+    long stack_head = json->stack->head;
 
 
-#line 1212 "parser.c"
+#line 1830 "parser.c"
 	{
 	cs = JSON_array_start;
 	}
 
-#line 451 "parser.rl"
+#line 853 "parser.rl"
 
-#line 1219 "parser.c"
+#line 1837 "parser.c"
 	{
+	short _widec;
 	if ( p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof;
 	switch ( cs )
@@ -1237,7 +1856,7 @@ case 2:
 		case 32: goto st2;
 		case 34: goto tr2;
 		case 45: goto tr2;
-		case 47: goto st13;
+		case 47: goto st18;
 		case 73: goto tr2;
 		case 78: goto tr2;
 		case 91: goto tr2;
@@ -1254,18 +1873,13 @@ case 2:
 		goto st2;
 	goto st0;
 tr2:
-#line 415 "parser.rl"
+#line 821 "parser.rl"
 	{
         VALUE v = Qnil;
         char *np = JSON_parse_value(json, p, pe, &v, current_nesting);
         if (np == NULL) {
             p--; {p++; cs = 3; goto _out;}
         } else {
-            if (NIL_P(json->array_class)) {
-                rb_ary_push(*result, v);
-            } else {
-                rb_funcall(*result, i_leftshift, 1, v);
-            }
             {p = (( np))-1;}
         }
     }
@@ -1274,15 +1888,23 @@ st3:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof3;
 case 3:
-#line 1278 "parser.c"
-	switch( (*p) ) {
+#line 1892 "parser.c"
+	_widec = (*p);
+	if ( 44 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 44 ) {
+		_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+		if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+	}
+	switch( _widec ) {
 		case 13: goto st3;
 		case 32: goto st3;
-		case 44: goto st4;
-		case 47: goto st9;
+		case 47: goto st4;
 		case 93: goto tr4;
+		case 300: goto st8;
+		case 556: goto st13;
 	}
-	if ( 9 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 10 )
+	if ( 9 <= _widec && _widec <= 10 )
 		goto st3;
 	goto st0;
 st4:
@@ -1290,57 +1912,67 @@ st4:
 		goto _test_eof4;
 case 4:
 	switch( (*p) ) {
-		case 13: goto st4;
-		case 32: goto st4;
-		case 34: goto tr2;
-		case 45: goto tr2;
-		case 47: goto st5;
-		case 73: goto tr2;
-		case 78: goto tr2;
-		case 91: goto tr2;
-		case 102: goto tr2;
-		case 110: goto tr2;
-		case 116: goto tr2;
-		case 123: goto tr2;
+		case 42: goto st5;
+		case 47: goto st7;
 	}
-	if ( (*p) > 10 ) {
-		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
-			goto tr2;
-	} else if ( (*p) >= 9 )
-		goto st4;
 	goto st0;
 st5:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof5;
 case 5:
-	switch( (*p) ) {
-		case 42: goto st6;
-		case 47: goto st8;
-	}
-	goto st0;
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st6;
+	goto st5;
 st6:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof6;
 case 6:
-	if ( (*p) == 42 )
-		goto st7;
-	goto st6;
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st6;
+		case 47: goto st3;
+	}
+	goto st5;
 st7:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof7;
 case 7:
-	switch( (*p) ) {
-		case 42: goto st7;
-		case 47: goto st4;
-	}
-	goto st6;
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st3;
+	goto st7;
+tr4:
+#line 833 "parser.rl"
+	{ p--; {p++; cs = 22; goto _out;} }
+	goto st22;
+st22:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof22;
+case 22:
+#line 1951 "parser.c"
+	goto st0;
 st8:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof8;
 case 8:
-	if ( (*p) == 10 )
-		goto st4;
-	goto st8;
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 13: goto st8;
+		case 32: goto st8;
+		case 34: goto tr2;
+		case 45: goto tr2;
+		case 47: goto st9;
+		case 73: goto tr2;
+		case 78: goto tr2;
+		case 91: goto tr2;
+		case 102: goto tr2;
+		case 110: goto tr2;
+		case 116: goto tr2;
+		case 123: goto tr2;
+	}
+	if ( (*p) > 10 ) {
+		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+			goto tr2;
+	} else if ( (*p) >= 9 )
+		goto st8;
+	goto st0;
 st9:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof9;
@@ -1363,7 +1995,7 @@ st11:
 case 11:
 	switch( (*p) ) {
 		case 42: goto st11;
-		case 47: goto st3;
+		case 47: goto st8;
 	}
 	goto st10;
 st12:
@@ -1371,50 +2003,252 @@ st12:
 		goto _test_eof12;
 case 12:
 	if ( (*p) == 10 )
-		goto st3;
+		goto st8;
 	goto st12;
-tr4:
-#line 430 "parser.rl"
-	{ p--; {p++; cs = 17; goto _out;} }
-	goto st17;
-st17:
-	if ( ++p == pe )
-		goto _test_eof17;
-case 17:
-#line 1385 "parser.c"
-	goto st0;
 st13:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof13;
 case 13:
-	switch( (*p) ) {
-		case 42: goto st14;
-		case 47: goto st16;
-	}
+	_widec = (*p);
+	if ( (*p) < 13 ) {
+		if ( (*p) > 9 ) {
+			if ( 10 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 10 ) {
+				_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+				if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+			}
+		} else if ( (*p) >= 9 ) {
+			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else if ( (*p) > 13 ) {
+		if ( (*p) > 32 ) {
+			if ( 47 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 47 ) {
+				_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+				if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+			}
+		} else if ( (*p) >= 32 ) {
+			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else {
+		_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+		if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+	}
+	switch( _widec ) {
+		case 34: goto tr2;
+		case 45: goto tr2;
+		case 73: goto tr2;
+		case 78: goto tr2;
+		case 91: goto tr2;
+		case 93: goto tr4;
+		case 102: goto tr2;
+		case 110: goto tr2;
+		case 116: goto tr2;
+		case 123: goto tr2;
+		case 269: goto st8;
+		case 288: goto st8;
+		case 303: goto st9;
+		case 525: goto st13;
+		case 544: goto st13;
+		case 559: goto st14;
+	}
+	if ( _widec < 265 ) {
+		if ( 48 <= _widec && _widec <= 57 )
+			goto tr2;
+	} else if ( _widec > 266 ) {
+		if ( 521 <= _widec && _widec <= 522 )
+			goto st13;
+	} else
+		goto st8;
 	goto st0;
 st14:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof14;
 case 14:
-	if ( (*p) == 42 )
-		goto st15;
-	goto st14;
+	_widec = (*p);
+	if ( (*p) > 42 ) {
+		if ( 47 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 47 ) {
+			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else if ( (*p) >= 42 ) {
+		_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+		if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+	}
+	switch( _widec ) {
+		case 298: goto st10;
+		case 303: goto st12;
+		case 554: goto st15;
+		case 559: goto st17;
+	}
+	goto st0;
 st15:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof15;
 case 15:
-	switch( (*p) ) {
-		case 42: goto st15;
-		case 47: goto st2;
-	}
-	goto st14;
+	_widec = (*p);
+	if ( (*p) < 42 ) {
+		if ( (*p) <= 41 ) {
+			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else if ( (*p) > 42 ) {
+		if ( 43 <= (*p) )
+ {			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else {
+		_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+		if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+	}
+	switch( _widec ) {
+		case 298: goto st11;
+		case 554: goto st16;
+	}
+	if ( _widec > 383 ) {
+		if ( 384 <= _widec && _widec <= 639 )
+			goto st15;
+	} else if ( _widec >= 128 )
+		goto st10;
+	goto st0;
 st16:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof16;
 case 16:
+	_widec = (*p);
+	if ( (*p) < 43 ) {
+		if ( (*p) > 41 ) {
+			if ( 42 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 42 ) {
+				_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+				if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+			}
+		} else {
+			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else if ( (*p) > 46 ) {
+		if ( (*p) > 47 ) {
+			if ( 48 <= (*p) )
+ {				_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+				if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+			}
+		} else if ( (*p) >= 47 ) {
+			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else {
+		_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+		if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+	}
+	switch( _widec ) {
+		case 298: goto st11;
+		case 303: goto st8;
+		case 554: goto st16;
+		case 559: goto st13;
+	}
+	if ( _widec > 383 ) {
+		if ( 384 <= _widec && _widec <= 639 )
+			goto st15;
+	} else if ( _widec >= 128 )
+		goto st10;
+	goto st0;
+st17:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof17;
+case 17:
+	_widec = (*p);
+	if ( (*p) < 10 ) {
+		if ( (*p) <= 9 ) {
+			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else if ( (*p) > 10 ) {
+		if ( 11 <= (*p) )
+ {			_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+			if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+		}
+	} else {
+		_widec = (short)(128 + ((*p) - -128));
+		if (
+#line 831 "parser.rl"
+ json->allow_trailing_comma  ) _widec += 256;
+	}
+	switch( _widec ) {
+		case 266: goto st8;
+		case 522: goto st13;
+	}
+	if ( _widec > 383 ) {
+		if ( 384 <= _widec && _widec <= 639 )
+			goto st17;
+	} else if ( _widec >= 128 )
+		goto st12;
+	goto st0;
+st18:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof18;
+case 18:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st19;
+		case 47: goto st21;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st19:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof19;
+case 19:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st20;
+	goto st19;
+st20:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof20;
+case 20:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st20;
+		case 47: goto st2;
+	}
+	goto st19;
+st21:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof21;
+case 21:
 	if ( (*p) == 10 )
 		goto st2;
-	goto st16;
+	goto st21;
 	}
 	_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
@@ -1422,24 +2256,45 @@ case 16:
 	_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof6: cs = 6; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof22: cs = 22; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof9: cs = 9; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof10: cs = 10; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof11: cs = 11; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof12: cs = 12; goto _test_eof;
-	_test_eof17: cs = 17; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof13: cs = 13; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof14: cs = 14; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof15: cs = 15; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof16: cs = 16; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof17: cs = 17; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof18: cs = 18; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof19: cs = 19; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof20: cs = 20; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof21: cs = 21; goto _test_eof;
 
 	_test_eof: {}
 	_out: {}
 	}
 
-#line 452 "parser.rl"
+#line 854 "parser.rl"
 
     if(cs >= JSON_array_first_final) {
+        long count = json->stack->head - stack_head;
+
+        if (RB_UNLIKELY(json->array_class)) {
+            VALUE array = rb_class_new_instance(0, 0, json->array_class);
+            VALUE *items = rvalue_stack_peek(json->stack, count);
+            long index;
+            for (index = 0; index < count; index++) {
+                rb_funcall(array, i_leftshift, 1, items[index]);
+            }
+            *result = array;
+        } else {
+            VALUE array = rb_ary_new_from_values(count, rvalue_stack_peek(json->stack, count));
+            *result = array;
+        }
+        rvalue_stack_pop(json->stack, count);
+
         return p + 1;
     } else {
         raise_parse_error("unexpected token at '%s'", p);
@@ -1447,29 +2302,81 @@ case 16:
     }
 }
 
-static const size_t MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE = 128;
-static VALUE json_string_unescape(char *string, char *stringEnd, int intern, int symbolize)
+static inline VALUE build_string(const char *start, const char *end, bool intern, bool symbolize)
+{
+    if (symbolize) {
+        intern = true;
+    }
+    VALUE result;
+# ifdef HAVE_RB_ENC_INTERNED_STR
+    if (intern) {
+      result = rb_enc_interned_str(start, (long)(end - start), enc_utf8);
+    } else {
+      result = rb_utf8_str_new(start, (long)(end - start));
+    }
+# else
+    result = rb_utf8_str_new(start, (long)(end - start));
+    if (intern) {
+        result = rb_funcall(rb_str_freeze(result), i_uminus, 0);
+    }
+# endif
+
+    if (symbolize) {
+      result = rb_str_intern(result);
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static VALUE json_string_fastpath(JSON_Parser *json, char *string, char *stringEnd, bool is_name, bool intern, bool symbolize)
+{
+    size_t bufferSize = stringEnd - string;
+
+    if (is_name) {
+        VALUE cached_key;
+        if (RB_UNLIKELY(symbolize)) {
+            cached_key = rsymbol_cache_fetch(&json->name_cache, string, bufferSize);
+        } else {
+            cached_key = rstring_cache_fetch(&json->name_cache, string, bufferSize);
+        }
+
+        if (RB_LIKELY(cached_key)) {
+            return cached_key;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return build_string(string, stringEnd, intern, symbolize);
+}
+
+static VALUE json_string_unescape(JSON_Parser *json, char *string, char *stringEnd, bool is_name, bool intern, bool symbolize)
 {
-    VALUE result = Qnil;
     size_t bufferSize = stringEnd - string;
     char *p = string, *pe = string, *unescape, *bufferStart, *buffer;
     int unescape_len;
     char buf[4];
 
-    if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-# ifdef HAVE_RB_ENC_INTERNED_STR
-      bufferStart = buffer = ALLOC_N(char, bufferSize ? bufferSize : 1);
-# else
-      bufferStart = buffer = ALLOC_N(char, bufferSize);
-# endif
-    } else {
-# ifdef HAVE_RB_ENC_INTERNED_STR
-      bufferStart = buffer = ALLOCA_N(char, bufferSize ? bufferSize : 1);
-# else
-      bufferStart = buffer = ALLOCA_N(char, bufferSize);
-# endif
+    if (is_name) {
+        VALUE cached_key;
+        if (RB_UNLIKELY(symbolize)) {
+            cached_key = rsymbol_cache_fetch(&json->name_cache, string, bufferSize);
+        } else {
+            cached_key = rstring_cache_fetch(&json->name_cache, string, bufferSize);
+        }
+
+        if (RB_LIKELY(cached_key)) {
+            return cached_key;
+        }
+    }
+
+    pe = memchr(p, '\\', bufferSize);
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(pe == NULL)) {
+        return build_string(string, stringEnd, intern, symbolize);
     }
 
+    VALUE result = rb_str_buf_new(bufferSize);
+    rb_enc_associate_index(result, utf8_encindex);
+    buffer = bufferStart = RSTRING_PTR(result);
+
     while (pe < stringEnd) {
         if (*pe == '\\') {
             unescape = (char *) "?";
@@ -1502,9 +2409,6 @@ static VALUE json_string_unescape(char *string, char *stringEnd, int intern, int
                     break;
                 case 'u':
                     if (pe > stringEnd - 4) {
-                      if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-                        ruby_xfree(bufferStart);
-                      }
                       raise_parse_error("incomplete unicode character escape sequence at '%s'", p);
                     } else {
                         uint32_t ch = unescape_unicode((unsigned char *) ++pe);
@@ -1522,9 +2426,6 @@ static VALUE json_string_unescape(char *string, char *stringEnd, int intern, int
                         if ((ch & 0xFC00) == 0xD800) {
                             pe++;
                             if (pe > stringEnd - 6) {
-                              if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-                                ruby_xfree(bufferStart);
-                              }
                               raise_parse_error("incomplete surrogate pair at '%s'", p);
                             }
                             if (pe[0] == '\\' && pe[1] == 'u') {
@@ -1557,56 +2458,27 @@ static VALUE json_string_unescape(char *string, char *stringEnd, int intern, int
       MEMCPY(buffer, p, char, pe - p);
       buffer += pe - p;
     }
-
-# ifdef HAVE_RB_ENC_INTERNED_STR
-      if (intern) {
-        result = rb_enc_interned_str(bufferStart, (long)(buffer - bufferStart), rb_utf8_encoding());
-      } else {
-        result = rb_utf8_str_new(bufferStart, (long)(buffer - bufferStart));
-      }
-      if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-        ruby_xfree(bufferStart);
-      }
-# else
-      result = rb_utf8_str_new(bufferStart, (long)(buffer - bufferStart));
-
-      if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-        ruby_xfree(bufferStart);
-      }
-
-      if (intern) {
-  # if STR_UMINUS_DEDUPE_FROZEN
-        // Starting from MRI 2.8 it is preferable to freeze the string
-        // before deduplication so that it can be interned directly
-        // otherwise it would be duplicated first which is wasteful.
-        result = rb_funcall(rb_str_freeze(result), i_uminus, 0);
-  # elif STR_UMINUS_DEDUPE
-        // MRI 2.5 and older do not deduplicate strings that are already
-        // frozen.
-        result = rb_funcall(result, i_uminus, 0);
-  # else
-        result = rb_str_freeze(result);
-  # endif
-      }
-# endif
+    rb_str_set_len(result, buffer - bufferStart);
 
     if (symbolize) {
-      result = rb_str_intern(result);
+        result = rb_str_intern(result);
+    } else if (intern) {
+        result = rb_funcall(rb_str_freeze(result), i_uminus, 0);
     }
 
     return result;
 }
 
 
-#line 1602 "parser.c"
+#line 2474 "parser.c"
 enum {JSON_string_start = 1};
-enum {JSON_string_first_final = 8};
+enum {JSON_string_first_final = 9};
 enum {JSON_string_error = 0};
 
 enum {JSON_string_en_main = 1};
 
 
-#line 630 "parser.rl"
+#line 1077 "parser.rl"
 
 
 static int
@@ -1627,15 +2499,15 @@ static char *JSON_parse_string(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *resu
     VALUE match_string;
 
 
-#line 1631 "parser.c"
+#line 2503 "parser.c"
 	{
 	cs = JSON_string_start;
 	}
 
-#line 650 "parser.rl"
+#line 1097 "parser.rl"
     json->memo = p;
 
-#line 1639 "parser.c"
+#line 2511 "parser.c"
 	{
 	if ( p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof;
@@ -1660,47 +2532,56 @@ case 2:
 		goto st0;
 	goto st2;
 tr2:
-#line 617 "parser.rl"
+#line 1059 "parser.rl"
 	{
-        *result = json_string_unescape(json->memo + 1, p, json->parsing_name || json-> freeze, json->parsing_name && json->symbolize_names);
-        if (NIL_P(*result)) {
-            p--;
-            {p++; cs = 8; goto _out;}
-        } else {
-            {p = (( p + 1))-1;}
-        }
+        *result = json_string_fastpath(json, json->memo + 1, p, json->parsing_name, json->parsing_name || json-> freeze, json->parsing_name && json->symbolize_names);
+        {p = (( p + 1))-1;}
+        p--;
+        {p++; cs = 9; goto _out;}
     }
-#line 627 "parser.rl"
-	{ p--; {p++; cs = 8; goto _out;} }
-	goto st8;
-st8:
+#line 1052 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        *result = json_string_unescape(json, json->memo + 1, p, json->parsing_name, json->parsing_name || json-> freeze, json->parsing_name && json->symbolize_names);
+        {p = (( p + 1))-1;}
+        p--;
+        {p++; cs = 9; goto _out;}
+    }
+	goto st9;
+tr6:
+#line 1052 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        *result = json_string_unescape(json, json->memo + 1, p, json->parsing_name, json->parsing_name || json-> freeze, json->parsing_name && json->symbolize_names);
+        {p = (( p + 1))-1;}
+        p--;
+        {p++; cs = 9; goto _out;}
+    }
+	goto st9;
+st9:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
-		goto _test_eof8;
-case 8:
-#line 1681 "parser.c"
+		goto _test_eof9;
+case 9:
+#line 2564 "parser.c"
 	goto st0;
 st3:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof3;
 case 3:
 	if ( (*p) == 117 )
-		goto st4;
+		goto st5;
 	if ( 0 <= (signed char)(*(p)) && (*(p)) <= 31 )
 		goto st0;
-	goto st2;
+	goto st4;
 st4:
-	if ( ++p == pe )
-		goto _test_eof4;
-case 4:
-	if ( (*p) < 65 ) {
-		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
-			goto st5;
-	} else if ( (*p) > 70 ) {
-		if ( 97 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 102 )
-			goto st5;
-	} else
-		goto st5;
-	goto st0;
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof4;
+case 4:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 34: goto tr6;
+		case 92: goto st3;
+	}
+	if ( 0 <= (signed char)(*(p)) && (*(p)) <= 31 )
+		goto st0;
+	goto st4;
 st5:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof5;
@@ -1733,27 +2614,41 @@ st7:
 case 7:
 	if ( (*p) < 65 ) {
 		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
-			goto st2;
+			goto st8;
 	} else if ( (*p) > 70 ) {
 		if ( 97 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 102 )
-			goto st2;
+			goto st8;
 	} else
-		goto st2;
+		goto st8;
+	goto st0;
+st8:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof8;
+case 8:
+	if ( (*p) < 65 ) {
+		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+			goto st4;
+	} else if ( (*p) > 70 ) {
+		if ( 97 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 102 )
+			goto st4;
+	} else
+		goto st4;
 	goto st0;
 	}
 	_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
-	_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof9: cs = 9; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof6: cs = 6; goto _test_eof;
 	_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
 
 	_test_eof: {}
 	_out: {}
 	}
 
-#line 652 "parser.rl"
+#line 1099 "parser.rl"
 
     if (json->create_additions && RTEST(match_string = json->match_string)) {
           VALUE klass;
@@ -1789,18 +2684,78 @@ static VALUE convert_encoding(VALUE source)
 {
   int encindex = RB_ENCODING_GET(source);
 
-  if (encindex == utf8_encindex) {
+  if (RB_LIKELY(encindex == utf8_encindex)) {
     return source;
   }
 
  if (encindex == binary_encindex) {
-    // For historical reason, we silently reinterpret binary strings as UTF-8 if it would work.
-    // TODO: Deprecate in 2.8.0
-    // TODO: Remove in 3.0.0
+    // For historical reason, we silently reinterpret binary strings as UTF-8
     return rb_enc_associate_index(rb_str_dup(source), utf8_encindex);
   }
 
-  return rb_str_conv_enc(source, rb_enc_from_index(encindex), rb_utf8_encoding());
+  return rb_funcall(source, i_encode, 1, Encoding_UTF_8);
+}
+
+static int configure_parser_i(VALUE key, VALUE val, VALUE data)
+{
+    JSON_Parser *json = (JSON_Parser *)data;
+
+         if (key == sym_max_nesting)          { json->max_nesting = RTEST(val) ? FIX2INT(val) : 0; }
+    else if (key == sym_allow_nan)            { json->allow_nan = RTEST(val); }
+    else if (key == sym_allow_trailing_comma) { json->allow_trailing_comma = RTEST(val); }
+    else if (key == sym_symbolize_names)      { json->symbolize_names = RTEST(val); }
+    else if (key == sym_freeze)               { json->freeze = RTEST(val); }
+    else if (key == sym_create_id)            { json->create_id = RTEST(val) ? val : Qfalse; }
+    else if (key == sym_object_class)         { json->object_class = RTEST(val) ? val : Qfalse; }
+    else if (key == sym_array_class)          { json->array_class = RTEST(val) ? val : Qfalse; }
+    else if (key == sym_decimal_class)        { json->decimal_class = RTEST(val) ? val : Qfalse; }
+    else if (key == sym_match_string)         { json->match_string = RTEST(val) ? val : Qfalse; }
+    else if (key == sym_create_additions)     {
+        if (NIL_P(val)) {
+            json->create_additions = true;
+            json->deprecated_create_additions = true;
+        } else {
+            json->create_additions = RTEST(val);
+            json->deprecated_create_additions = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ST_CONTINUE;
+}
+
+static void parser_init(JSON_Parser *json, VALUE source, VALUE opts)
+{
+    if (json->Vsource) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "already initialized instance");
+    }
+
+    json->fbuffer.initial_length = FBUFFER_INITIAL_LENGTH_DEFAULT;
+    json->max_nesting = 100;
+
+    if (!NIL_P(opts)) {
+        Check_Type(opts, T_HASH);
+        if (RHASH_SIZE(opts) > 0) {
+            // We assume in most cases few keys are set so it's faster to go over
+            // the provided keys than to check all possible keys.
+            rb_hash_foreach(opts, configure_parser_i, (VALUE)json);
+
+            if (json->symbolize_names && json->create_additions) {
+                rb_raise(rb_eArgError,
+                    "options :symbolize_names and :create_additions cannot be "
+                    " used in conjunction");
+            }
+
+            if (json->create_additions && !json->create_id) {
+                json->create_id = rb_funcall(mJSON, i_create_id, 0);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+    source = convert_encoding(StringValue(source));
+    StringValue(source);
+    json->len = RSTRING_LEN(source);
+    json->source = RSTRING_PTR(source);
+    json->Vsource = source;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1837,116 +2792,16 @@ static VALUE convert_encoding(VALUE source)
  */
 static VALUE cParser_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-    VALUE source, opts;
     GET_PARSER_INIT;
 
-    if (json->Vsource) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "already initialized instance");
-    }
-
     rb_check_arity(argc, 1, 2);
-    source = argv[0];
-    opts = Qnil;
-    if (argc == 2) {
-        opts = argv[1];
-        Check_Type(argv[1], T_HASH);
-        if (RHASH_SIZE(argv[1]) > 0) {
-            opts = argv[1];
-        }
-    }
 
-    if (!NIL_P(opts)) {
-        VALUE tmp = ID2SYM(i_max_nesting);
-        if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-            VALUE max_nesting = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-            if (RTEST(max_nesting)) {
-                Check_Type(max_nesting, T_FIXNUM);
-                json->max_nesting = FIX2INT(max_nesting);
-            } else {
-                json->max_nesting = 0;
-            }
-        } else {
-            json->max_nesting = 100;
-        }
-        tmp = ID2SYM(i_allow_nan);
-        if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-            json->allow_nan = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp)) ? 1 : 0;
-        } else {
-            json->allow_nan = 0;
-        }
-        tmp = ID2SYM(i_symbolize_names);
-        if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-            json->symbolize_names = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp)) ? 1 : 0;
-        } else {
-            json->symbolize_names = 0;
-        }
-        tmp = ID2SYM(i_freeze);
-        if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-            json->freeze = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp)) ? 1 : 0;
-        } else {
-            json->freeze = 0;
-        }
-        tmp = ID2SYM(i_create_additions);
-        if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-            json->create_additions = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp));
-        } else {
-            json->create_additions = 0;
-        }
-        if (json->symbolize_names && json->create_additions) {
-            rb_raise(rb_eArgError,
-                "options :symbolize_names and :create_additions cannot be "
-                " used in conjunction");
-        }
-        tmp = ID2SYM(i_create_id);
-        if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-            json->create_id = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-        } else {
-            json->create_id = rb_funcall(mJSON, i_create_id, 0);
-        }
-        tmp = ID2SYM(i_object_class);
-        if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-            json->object_class = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-        } else {
-            json->object_class = Qnil;
-        }
-        tmp = ID2SYM(i_array_class);
-        if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-            json->array_class = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-        } else {
-            json->array_class = Qnil;
-        }
-        tmp = ID2SYM(i_decimal_class);
-        if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-            json->decimal_class = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-        } else {
-            json->decimal_class = Qnil;
-        }
-        tmp = ID2SYM(i_match_string);
-        if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-            VALUE match_string = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-            json->match_string = RTEST(match_string) ? match_string : Qnil;
-        } else {
-            json->match_string = Qnil;
-        }
-    } else {
-        json->max_nesting = 100;
-        json->allow_nan = 0;
-        json->create_additions = 0;
-        json->create_id = Qnil;
-        json->object_class = Qnil;
-        json->array_class = Qnil;
-        json->decimal_class = Qnil;
-    }
-    source = convert_encoding(StringValue(source));
-    StringValue(source);
-    json->len = RSTRING_LEN(source);
-    json->source = RSTRING_PTR(source);;
-    json->Vsource = source;
+    parser_init(json, argv[0], argc == 2 ? argv[1] : Qnil);
     return self;
 }
 
 
-#line 1950 "parser.c"
+#line 2805 "parser.c"
 enum {JSON_start = 1};
 enum {JSON_first_final = 10};
 enum {JSON_error = 0};
@@ -1954,7 +2809,7 @@ enum {JSON_error = 0};
 enum {JSON_en_main = 1};
 
 
-#line 858 "parser.rl"
+#line 1265 "parser.rl"
 
 
 /*
@@ -1971,17 +2826,206 @@ static VALUE cParser_parse(VALUE self)
     VALUE result = Qnil;
     GET_PARSER;
 
+    char stack_buffer[FBUFFER_STACK_SIZE];
+    fbuffer_stack_init(&json->fbuffer, FBUFFER_INITIAL_LENGTH_DEFAULT, stack_buffer, FBUFFER_STACK_SIZE);
+
+    VALUE rvalue_stack_buffer[RVALUE_STACK_INITIAL_CAPA];
+    rvalue_stack stack = {
+        .type = RVALUE_STACK_STACK_ALLOCATED,
+        .ptr = rvalue_stack_buffer,
+        .capa = RVALUE_STACK_INITIAL_CAPA,
+    };
+    json->stack = &stack;
+
+
+#line 2842 "parser.c"
+	{
+	cs = JSON_start;
+	}
+
+#line 1293 "parser.rl"
+    p = json->source;
+    pe = p + json->len;
+
+#line 2851 "parser.c"
+	{
+	if ( p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof;
+	switch ( cs )
+	{
+st1:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof1;
+case 1:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 13: goto st1;
+		case 32: goto st1;
+		case 34: goto tr2;
+		case 45: goto tr2;
+		case 47: goto st6;
+		case 73: goto tr2;
+		case 78: goto tr2;
+		case 91: goto tr2;
+		case 102: goto tr2;
+		case 110: goto tr2;
+		case 116: goto tr2;
+		case 123: goto tr2;
+	}
+	if ( (*p) > 10 ) {
+		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+			goto tr2;
+	} else if ( (*p) >= 9 )
+		goto st1;
+	goto st0;
+st0:
+cs = 0;
+	goto _out;
+tr2:
+#line 1257 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        char *np = JSON_parse_value(json, p, pe, &result, 0);
+        if (np == NULL) { p--; {p++; cs = 10; goto _out;} } else {p = (( np))-1;}
+    }
+	goto st10;
+st10:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof10;
+case 10:
+#line 2895 "parser.c"
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 13: goto st10;
+		case 32: goto st10;
+		case 47: goto st2;
+	}
+	if ( 9 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 10 )
+		goto st10;
+	goto st0;
+st2:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof2;
+case 2:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st3;
+		case 47: goto st5;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st3:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof3;
+case 3:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st4;
+	goto st3;
+st4:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof4;
+case 4:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st4;
+		case 47: goto st10;
+	}
+	goto st3;
+st5:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof5;
+case 5:
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st10;
+	goto st5;
+st6:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof6;
+case 6:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st7;
+		case 47: goto st9;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st7:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof7;
+case 7:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st8;
+	goto st7;
+st8:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof8;
+case 8:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st8;
+		case 47: goto st1;
+	}
+	goto st7;
+st9:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof9;
+case 9:
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st1;
+	goto st9;
+	}
+	_test_eof1: cs = 1; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof10: cs = 10; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof6: cs = 6; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof9: cs = 9; goto _test_eof;
+
+	_test_eof: {}
+	_out: {}
+	}
+
+#line 1296 "parser.rl"
+
+    if (json->stack_handle) {
+        rvalue_stack_eagerly_release(json->stack_handle);
+    }
+
+    if (cs >= JSON_first_final && p == pe) {
+        return result;
+    } else {
+        raise_parse_error("unexpected token at '%s'", p);
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE cParser_m_parse(VALUE klass, VALUE source, VALUE opts)
+{
+    char *p, *pe;
+    int cs = EVIL;
+    VALUE result = Qnil;
+
+    JSON_Parser _parser = {0};
+    JSON_Parser *json = &_parser;
+    parser_init(json, source, opts);
+
+    char stack_buffer[FBUFFER_STACK_SIZE];
+    fbuffer_stack_init(&json->fbuffer, FBUFFER_INITIAL_LENGTH_DEFAULT, stack_buffer, FBUFFER_STACK_SIZE);
+
+    VALUE rvalue_stack_buffer[RVALUE_STACK_INITIAL_CAPA];
+    rvalue_stack stack = {
+        .type = RVALUE_STACK_STACK_ALLOCATED,
+        .ptr = rvalue_stack_buffer,
+        .capa = RVALUE_STACK_INITIAL_CAPA,
+    };
+    json->stack = &stack;
 
-#line 1976 "parser.c"
+
+#line 3020 "parser.c"
 	{
 	cs = JSON_start;
 	}
 
-#line 875 "parser.rl"
+#line 1331 "parser.rl"
     p = json->source;
     pe = p + json->len;
 
-#line 1985 "parser.c"
+#line 3029 "parser.c"
 	{
 	if ( p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof;
@@ -2015,7 +3059,7 @@ st0:
 cs = 0;
 	goto _out;
 tr2:
-#line 850 "parser.rl"
+#line 1257 "parser.rl"
 	{
         char *np = JSON_parse_value(json, p, pe, &result, 0);
         if (np == NULL) { p--; {p++; cs = 10; goto _out;} } else {p = (( np))-1;}
@@ -2025,7 +3069,7 @@ st10:
 	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof10;
 case 10:
-#line 2029 "parser.c"
+#line 3073 "parser.c"
 	switch( (*p) ) {
 		case 13: goto st10;
 		case 32: goto st10;
@@ -2114,7 +3158,11 @@ case 9:
 	_out: {}
 	}
 
-#line 878 "parser.rl"
+#line 1334 "parser.rl"
+
+    if (json->stack_handle) {
+        rvalue_stack_eagerly_release(json->stack_handle);
+    }
 
     if (cs >= JSON_first_final && p == pe) {
         return result;
@@ -2133,19 +3181,23 @@ static void JSON_mark(void *ptr)
     rb_gc_mark(json->array_class);
     rb_gc_mark(json->decimal_class);
     rb_gc_mark(json->match_string);
+    rb_gc_mark(json->stack_handle);
+
+    const VALUE *name_cache_entries = &json->name_cache.entries[0];
+    rb_gc_mark_locations(name_cache_entries, name_cache_entries + json->name_cache.length);
 }
 
 static void JSON_free(void *ptr)
 {
     JSON_Parser *json = ptr;
-    fbuffer_free(json->fbuffer);
+    fbuffer_free(&json->fbuffer);
     ruby_xfree(json);
 }
 
 static size_t JSON_memsize(const void *ptr)
 {
     const JSON_Parser *json = ptr;
-    return sizeof(*json) + FBUFFER_CAPA(json->fbuffer);
+    return sizeof(*json) + FBUFFER_CAPA(&json->fbuffer);
 }
 
 static const rb_data_type_t JSON_Parser_type = {
@@ -2159,7 +3211,7 @@ static VALUE cJSON_parser_s_allocate(VALUE klass)
 {
     JSON_Parser *json;
     VALUE obj = TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, JSON_Parser, &JSON_Parser_type, json);
-    json->fbuffer = fbuffer_alloc(0);
+    fbuffer_stack_init(&json->fbuffer, 0, NULL, 0);
     return obj;
 }
 
@@ -2193,6 +3245,8 @@ void Init_parser(void)
     rb_define_method(cParser, "parse", cParser_parse, 0);
     rb_define_method(cParser, "source", cParser_source, 0);
 
+    rb_define_singleton_method(cParser, "parse", cParser_m_parse, 2);
+
     CNaN = rb_const_get(mJSON, rb_intern("NaN"));
     rb_gc_register_mark_object(CNaN);
 
@@ -2202,30 +3256,38 @@ void Init_parser(void)
     CMinusInfinity = rb_const_get(mJSON, rb_intern("MinusInfinity"));
     rb_gc_register_mark_object(CMinusInfinity);
 
+    rb_global_variable(&Encoding_UTF_8);
+    Encoding_UTF_8 = rb_const_get(rb_path2class("Encoding"), rb_intern("UTF_8"));
+
+    sym_max_nesting = ID2SYM(rb_intern("max_nesting"));
+    sym_allow_nan = ID2SYM(rb_intern("allow_nan"));
+    sym_allow_trailing_comma = ID2SYM(rb_intern("allow_trailing_comma"));
+    sym_symbolize_names = ID2SYM(rb_intern("symbolize_names"));
+    sym_freeze = ID2SYM(rb_intern("freeze"));
+    sym_create_additions = ID2SYM(rb_intern("create_additions"));
+    sym_create_id = ID2SYM(rb_intern("create_id"));
+    sym_object_class = ID2SYM(rb_intern("object_class"));
+    sym_array_class = ID2SYM(rb_intern("array_class"));
+    sym_decimal_class = ID2SYM(rb_intern("decimal_class"));
+    sym_match_string = ID2SYM(rb_intern("match_string"));
+
+    i_create_id = rb_intern("create_id");
     i_json_creatable_p = rb_intern("json_creatable?");
     i_json_create = rb_intern("json_create");
-    i_create_id = rb_intern("create_id");
-    i_create_additions = rb_intern("create_additions");
     i_chr = rb_intern("chr");
-    i_max_nesting = rb_intern("max_nesting");
-    i_allow_nan = rb_intern("allow_nan");
-    i_symbolize_names = rb_intern("symbolize_names");
-    i_object_class = rb_intern("object_class");
-    i_array_class = rb_intern("array_class");
-    i_decimal_class = rb_intern("decimal_class");
     i_match = rb_intern("match");
-    i_match_string = rb_intern("match_string");
     i_deep_const_get = rb_intern("deep_const_get");
     i_aset = rb_intern("[]=");
     i_aref = rb_intern("[]");
     i_leftshift = rb_intern("<<");
     i_new = rb_intern("new");
     i_try_convert = rb_intern("try_convert");
-    i_freeze = rb_intern("freeze");
     i_uminus = rb_intern("-@");
+    i_encode = rb_intern("encode");
 
     binary_encindex = rb_ascii8bit_encindex();
     utf8_encindex = rb_utf8_encindex();
+    enc_utf8 = rb_utf8_encoding();
 }
 
 /*