json 2.12.2 → 2.16.0

data/ext/json/ext/parser/parser.c

@@ -1,32 +1,6 @@
-#include "ruby.h"
-#include "ruby/encoding.h"
-
-/* shims */
-/* This is the fallback definition from Ruby 3.4 */
-
-#ifndef RBIMPL_STDBOOL_H
-#if defined(__cplusplus)
-# if defined(HAVE_STDBOOL_H) && (__cplusplus >= 201103L)
-#  include <cstdbool>
-# endif
-#elif defined(HAVE_STDBOOL_H)
-# include <stdbool.h>
-#elif !defined(HAVE__BOOL)
-typedef unsigned char _Bool;
-# define bool  _Bool
-# define true  ((_Bool)+1)
-# define false ((_Bool)+0)
-# define __bool_true_false_are_defined
-#endif
-#endif
-
-#ifndef RB_UNLIKELY
-#define RB_UNLIKELY(expr) expr
-#endif
-
-#ifndef RB_LIKELY
-#define RB_LIKELY(expr) expr
-#endif
+#include "../json.h"
+#include "../vendor/ryu.h"
+#include "../simd/simd.h"
 
 static VALUE mJSON, eNestingError, Encoding_UTF_8;
 static VALUE CNaN, CInfinity, CMinusInfinity;
@@ -35,14 +9,14 @@ static ID i_chr, i_aset, i_aref,
           i_leftshift, i_new, i_try_convert, i_uminus, i_encode;
 
 static VALUE sym_max_nesting, sym_allow_nan, sym_allow_trailing_comma, sym_symbolize_names, sym_freeze,
-             sym_decimal_class, sym_on_load;
+             sym_decimal_class, sym_on_load, sym_allow_duplicate_key;
 
 static int binary_encindex;
 static int utf8_encindex;
 
 #ifndef HAVE_RB_HASH_BULK_INSERT
 // For TruffleRuby
-void
+static void
 rb_hash_bulk_insert(long count, const VALUE *pairs, VALUE hash)
 {
     long index = 0;
@@ -59,6 +33,12 @@ rb_hash_bulk_insert(long count, const VALUE *pairs, VALUE hash)
 #define rb_hash_new_capa(n) rb_hash_new()
 #endif
 
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_STR_TO_INTERNED_STR
+static VALUE rb_str_to_interned_str(VALUE str)
+{
+    return rb_funcall(rb_str_freeze(str), i_uminus, 0);
+}
+#endif
 
 /* name cache */
 
@@ -104,116 +84,104 @@ static void rvalue_cache_insert_at(rvalue_cache *cache, int index, VALUE rstring
     cache->entries[index] = rstring;
 }
 
-static inline int rstring_cache_cmp(const char *str, const long length, VALUE rstring)
+#define rstring_cache_memcmp memcmp
+
+#if JSON_CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN_64BITS
+#if __has_builtin(__builtin_bswap64)
+#undef rstring_cache_memcmp
+static ALWAYS_INLINE() int rstring_cache_memcmp(const char *str, const char *rptr, const long length)
 {
-    long rstring_length = RSTRING_LEN(rstring);
-    if (length == rstring_length) {
-        return memcmp(str, RSTRING_PTR(rstring), length);
-    } else {
-        return (int)(length - rstring_length);
+    // The libc memcmp has numerous complex optimizations, but in this particular case,
+    // we know the string is small (JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_MAX_ENTRY_LENGTH), so being able to
+    // inline a simpler memcmp outperforms calling the libc version.
+    long i = 0;
+
+    for (; i + 8 <= length; i += 8) {
+        uint64_t a, b;
+        memcpy(&a, str + i, 8);
+        memcpy(&b, rptr + i, 8);
+        if (a != b) {
+            a = __builtin_bswap64(a);
+            b = __builtin_bswap64(b);
+            return (a < b) ? -1 : 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (; i < length; i++) {
+        if (str[i] != rptr[i]) {
+            return (str[i] < rptr[i]) ? -1 : 1;
+        }
     }
+
+    return 0;
 }
+#endif
+#endif
 
-static VALUE rstring_cache_fetch(rvalue_cache *cache, const char *str, const long length)
+static ALWAYS_INLINE() int rstring_cache_cmp(const char *str, const long length, VALUE rstring)
 {
-    if (RB_UNLIKELY(length > JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_MAX_ENTRY_LENGTH)) {
-        // Common names aren't likely to be very long. So we just don't
-        // cache names above an arbitrary threshold.
-        return Qfalse;
-    }
+    const char *rstring_ptr;
+    long rstring_length;
+
+    RSTRING_GETMEM(rstring, rstring_ptr, rstring_length);
 
-    if (RB_UNLIKELY(!isalpha((unsigned char)str[0]))) {
-        // Simple heuristic, if the first character isn't a letter,
-        // we're much less likely to see this string again.
-        // We mostly want to cache strings that are likely to be repeated.
-        return Qfalse;
+    if (length == rstring_length) {
+        return rstring_cache_memcmp(str, rstring_ptr, length);
+    } else {
+        return (int)(length - rstring_length);
     }
+}
 
+static ALWAYS_INLINE() VALUE rstring_cache_fetch(rvalue_cache *cache, const char *str, const long length)
+{
     int low = 0;
     int high = cache->length - 1;
-    int mid = 0;
-    int last_cmp = 0;
 
     while (low <= high) {
-        mid = (high + low) >> 1;
+        int mid = (high + low) >> 1;
         VALUE entry = cache->entries[mid];
-        last_cmp = rstring_cache_cmp(str, length, entry);
+        int cmp = rstring_cache_cmp(str, length, entry);
 
-        if (last_cmp == 0) {
+        if (cmp == 0) {
             return entry;
-        } else if (last_cmp > 0) {
+        } else if (cmp > 0) {
             low = mid + 1;
         } else {
             high = mid - 1;
         }
     }
 
-    if (RB_UNLIKELY(memchr(str, '\\', length))) {
-        // We assume the overwhelming majority of names don't need to be escaped.
-        // But if they do, we have to fallback to the slow path.
-        return Qfalse;
-    }
-
     VALUE rstring = build_interned_string(str, length);
 
     if (cache->length < JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_CAPA) {
-        if (last_cmp > 0) {
-            mid += 1;
-        }
-
-        rvalue_cache_insert_at(cache, mid, rstring);
+        rvalue_cache_insert_at(cache, low, rstring);
     }
     return rstring;
 }
 
 static VALUE rsymbol_cache_fetch(rvalue_cache *cache, const char *str, const long length)
 {
-    if (RB_UNLIKELY(length > JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_MAX_ENTRY_LENGTH)) {
-        // Common names aren't likely to be very long. So we just don't
-        // cache names above an arbitrary threshold.
-        return Qfalse;
-    }
-
-    if (RB_UNLIKELY(!isalpha((unsigned char)str[0]))) {
-        // Simple heuristic, if the first character isn't a letter,
-        // we're much less likely to see this string again.
-        // We mostly want to cache strings that are likely to be repeated.
-        return Qfalse;
-    }
-
     int low = 0;
     int high = cache->length - 1;
-    int mid = 0;
-    int last_cmp = 0;
 
     while (low <= high) {
-        mid = (high + low) >> 1;
+        int mid = (high + low) >> 1;
         VALUE entry = cache->entries[mid];
-        last_cmp = rstring_cache_cmp(str, length, rb_sym2str(entry));
+        int cmp = rstring_cache_cmp(str, length, rb_sym2str(entry));
 
-        if (last_cmp == 0) {
+        if (cmp == 0) {
             return entry;
-        } else if (last_cmp > 0) {
+        } else if (cmp > 0) {
             low = mid + 1;
         } else {
             high = mid - 1;
         }
     }
 
-    if (RB_UNLIKELY(memchr(str, '\\', length))) {
-        // We assume the overwhelming majority of names don't need to be escaped.
-        // But if they do, we have to fallback to the slow path.
-        return Qfalse;
-    }
-
     VALUE rsymbol = build_symbol(str, length);
 
     if (cache->length < JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_CAPA) {
-        if (last_cmp > 0) {
-            mid += 1;
-        }
-
-        rvalue_cache_insert_at(cache, mid, rsymbol);
+        rvalue_cache_insert_at(cache, low, rsymbol);
     }
     return rsymbol;
 }
@@ -363,10 +331,17 @@ static int convert_UTF32_to_UTF8(char *buf, uint32_t ch)
     return len;
 }
 
+enum duplicate_key_action {
+    JSON_DEPRECATED = 0,
+    JSON_IGNORE,
+    JSON_RAISE,
+};
+
 typedef struct JSON_ParserStruct {
     VALUE on_load_proc;
     VALUE decimal_class;
     ID decimal_method_id;
+    enum duplicate_key_action on_duplicate_key;
     int max_nesting;
     bool allow_nan;
     bool allow_trailing_comma;
@@ -386,15 +361,24 @@ typedef struct JSON_ParserStateStruct {
     int current_nesting;
 } JSON_ParserState;
 
+static inline size_t rest(JSON_ParserState *state) {
+    return state->end - state->cursor;
+}
 
-#define PARSE_ERROR_FRAGMENT_LEN 32
-#ifdef RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN
-RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
-#endif
-static void raise_parse_error(const char *format, JSON_ParserState *state)
+static inline bool eos(JSON_ParserState *state) {
+    return state->cursor >= state->end;
+}
+
+static inline char peek(JSON_ParserState *state)
 {
-    unsigned char buffer[PARSE_ERROR_FRAGMENT_LEN + 3];
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(eos(state))) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return *state->cursor;
+}
 
+static void cursor_position(JSON_ParserState *state, long *line_out, long *column_out)
+{
     const char *cursor = state->cursor;
     long column = 0;
     long line = 1;
@@ -411,6 +395,29 @@ static void raise_parse_error(const char *format, JSON_ParserState *state)
             line++;
         }
     }
+    *line_out = line;
+    *column_out = column;
+}
+
+static void emit_parse_warning(const char *message, JSON_ParserState *state)
+{
+    long line, column;
+    cursor_position(state, &line, &column);
+
+    VALUE warning = rb_sprintf("%s at line %ld column %ld", message, line, column);
+    rb_funcall(mJSON, rb_intern("deprecation_warning"), 1, warning);
+}
+
+#define PARSE_ERROR_FRAGMENT_LEN 32
+
+#ifdef RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+#endif
+static void raise_parse_error(const char *format, JSON_ParserState *state)
+{
+    unsigned char buffer[PARSE_ERROR_FRAGMENT_LEN + 3];
+    long line, column;
+    cursor_position(state, &line, &column);
 
     const char *ptr = "EOF";
     if (state->cursor && state->cursor < state->end) {
@@ -505,61 +512,82 @@ static uint32_t unescape_unicode(JSON_ParserState *state, const unsigned char *p
 
 static const rb_data_type_t JSON_ParserConfig_type;
 
-static const bool whitespace[256] = {
-    [' '] = 1,
-    ['\t'] = 1,
-    ['\n'] = 1,
-    ['\r'] = 1,
-    ['/'] = 1,
-};
-
 static void
 json_eat_comments(JSON_ParserState *state)
 {
-    if (state->cursor + 1 < state->end) {
-        switch(state->cursor[1]) {
-            case '/': {
-                state->cursor = memchr(state->cursor, '\n', state->end - state->cursor);
-                if (!state->cursor) {
-                    state->cursor = state->end;
-                } else {
-                    state->cursor++;
-                }
-                break;
+    const char *start = state->cursor;
+    state->cursor++;
+
+    switch (peek(state)) {
+        case '/': {
+            state->cursor = memchr(state->cursor, '\n', state->end - state->cursor);
+            if (!state->cursor) {
+                state->cursor = state->end;
+            } else {
+                state->cursor++;
             }
-            case '*': {
-                state->cursor += 2;
-                while (true) {
-                    state->cursor = memchr(state->cursor, '*', state->end - state->cursor);
-                    if (!state->cursor) {
-                        raise_parse_error_at("unexpected end of input, expected closing '*/'", state, state->end);
-                    } else {
-                        state->cursor++;
-                        if (state->cursor < state->end && *state->cursor == '/') {
-                            state->cursor++;
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
+            break;
+        }
+        case '*': {
+            state->cursor++;
+
+            while (true) {
+                const char *next_match = memchr(state->cursor, '*', state->end - state->cursor);
+                if (!next_match) {
+                    raise_parse_error_at("unterminated comment, expected closing '*/'", state, start);
+                }
+
+                state->cursor = next_match + 1;
+                if (peek(state) == '/') {
+                    state->cursor++;
+                    break;
                 }
-                break;
             }
-            default:
-                raise_parse_error("unexpected token %s", state);
-                break;
+            break;
         }
-    } else {
-        raise_parse_error("unexpected token %s", state);
+        default:
+            raise_parse_error_at("unexpected token %s", state, start);
+            break;
     }
 }
 
-static inline void
+static ALWAYS_INLINE() void
 json_eat_whitespace(JSON_ParserState *state)
 {
-    while (state->cursor < state->end && RB_UNLIKELY(whitespace[(unsigned char)*state->cursor])) {
-        if (RB_LIKELY(*state->cursor != '/')) {
-            state->cursor++;
-        } else {
-            json_eat_comments(state);
+    while (true) {
+        switch (peek(state)) {
+            case ' ':
+                state->cursor++;
+                break;
+            case '\n':
+                state->cursor++;
+
+                // Heuristic: if we see a newline, there is likely consecutive spaces after it.
+#if JSON_CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN_64BITS
+                while (rest(state) > 8) {
+                    uint64_t chunk;
+                    memcpy(&chunk, state->cursor, sizeof(uint64_t));
+                    if (chunk == 0x2020202020202020) {
+                        state->cursor += 8;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    uint32_t consecutive_spaces = trailing_zeros64(chunk ^ 0x2020202020202020) / CHAR_BIT;
+                    state->cursor += consecutive_spaces;
+                    break;
+                }
+#endif
+                break;
+            case '\t':
+            case '\r':
+                state->cursor++;
+                break;
+            case '/':
+                json_eat_comments(state);
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                return;
         }
     }
 }
@@ -590,11 +618,20 @@ static inline VALUE build_string(const char *start, const char *end, bool intern
     return result;
 }
 
+static inline bool json_string_cacheable_p(const char *string, size_t length)
+{
+    //  We mostly want to cache strings that are likely to be repeated.
+    // Simple heuristics:
+    //  - Common names aren't likely to be very long. So we just don't cache names above an arbitrary threshold.
+    //  - If the first character isn't a letter, we're much less likely to see this string again.
+    return length <= JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_MAX_ENTRY_LENGTH && rb_isalpha(string[0]);
+}
+
 static inline VALUE json_string_fastpath(JSON_ParserState *state, const char *string, const char *stringEnd, bool is_name, bool intern, bool symbolize)
 {
     size_t bufferSize = stringEnd - string;
 
-    if (is_name && state->in_array) {
+    if (is_name && state->in_array && RB_LIKELY(json_string_cacheable_p(string, bufferSize))) {
         VALUE cached_key;
         if (RB_UNLIKELY(symbolize)) {
             cached_key = rsymbol_cache_fetch(&state->name_cache, string, bufferSize);
@@ -618,19 +655,6 @@ static VALUE json_string_unescape(JSON_ParserState *state, const char *string, c
     int unescape_len;
     char buf[4];
 
-    if (is_name && state->in_array) {
-        VALUE cached_key;
-        if (RB_UNLIKELY(symbolize)) {
-            cached_key = rsymbol_cache_fetch(&state->name_cache, string, bufferSize);
-        } else {
-            cached_key = rstring_cache_fetch(&state->name_cache, string, bufferSize);
-        }
-
-        if (RB_LIKELY(cached_key)) {
-            return cached_key;
-        }
-    }
-
     VALUE result = rb_str_buf_new(bufferSize);
     rb_enc_associate_index(result, utf8_encindex);
     buffer = RSTRING_PTR(result);
@@ -688,11 +712,16 @@ static VALUE json_string_unescape(JSON_ParserState *state, const char *string, c
                         }
                         if (pe[0] == '\\' && pe[1] == 'u') {
                             uint32_t sur = unescape_unicode(state, (unsigned char *) pe + 2);
+
+                            if ((sur & 0xFC00) != 0xDC00) {
+                                raise_parse_error_at("invalid surrogate pair at %s", state, p);
+                            }
+
                             ch = (((ch & 0x3F) << 10) | ((((ch >> 6) & 0xF) + 1) << 16)
                                     | (sur & 0x3FF));
                             pe += 5;
                         } else {
-                            unescape = (char *) "?";
+                            raise_parse_error_at("incomplete surrogate pair at %s", state, p);
                             break;
                         }
                     }
@@ -718,33 +747,13 @@ static VALUE json_string_unescape(JSON_ParserState *state, const char *string, c
     if (symbolize) {
         result = rb_str_intern(result);
     } else if (intern) {
-        result = rb_funcall(rb_str_freeze(result), i_uminus, 0);
+        result = rb_str_to_interned_str(result);
     }
 
     return result;
 }
 
 #define MAX_FAST_INTEGER_SIZE 18
-static inline VALUE fast_decode_integer(const char *p, const char *pe)
-{
-    bool negative = false;
-    if (*p == '-') {
-        negative = true;
-        p++;
-    }
-
-    long long memo = 0;
-    while (p < pe) {
-        memo *= 10;
-        memo += *p - '0';
-        p++;
-    }
-
-    if (negative) {
-        memo = -memo;
-    }
-    return LL2NUM(memo);
-}
 
 static VALUE json_decode_large_integer(const char *start, long len)
 {
@@ -758,17 +767,27 @@ static VALUE json_decode_large_integer(const char *start, long len)
 }
 
 static inline VALUE
-json_decode_integer(const char *start, const char *end)
+json_decode_integer(uint64_t mantissa, int mantissa_digits, bool negative, const char *start, const char *end)
 {
-        long len = end - start;
-        if (RB_LIKELY(len < MAX_FAST_INTEGER_SIZE)) {
-            return fast_decode_integer(start, end);
+    if (RB_LIKELY(mantissa_digits < MAX_FAST_INTEGER_SIZE)) {
+        if (negative) {
+            return INT64T2NUM(-((int64_t)mantissa));
         }
-        return json_decode_large_integer(start, len);
+        return UINT64T2NUM(mantissa);
+    }
+
+    return json_decode_large_integer(start, end - start);
 }
 
 static VALUE json_decode_large_float(const char *start, long len)
 {
+    if (RB_LIKELY(len < 64)) {
+        char buffer[64];
+        MEMCPY(buffer, start, char, len);
+        buffer[len] = '\0';
+        return DBL2NUM(rb_cstr_to_dbl(buffer, 1));
+    }
+
     VALUE buffer_v;
     char *buffer = RB_ALLOCV_N(char, buffer_v, len + 1);
     MEMCPY(buffer, start, char, len);
@@ -778,21 +797,24 @@ static VALUE json_decode_large_float(const char *start, long len)
     return number;
 }
 
-static VALUE json_decode_float(JSON_ParserConfig *config, const char *start, const char *end)
+/* Ruby JSON optimized float decoder using vendored Ryu algorithm
+ * Accepts pre-extracted mantissa and exponent from first-pass validation
+ */
+static inline VALUE json_decode_float(JSON_ParserConfig *config, uint64_t mantissa, int mantissa_digits, int32_t exponent, bool negative,
+                                          const char *start, const char *end)
 {
-    long len = end - start;
-
     if (RB_UNLIKELY(config->decimal_class)) {
-        VALUE text = rb_str_new(start, len);
+        VALUE text = rb_str_new(start, end - start);
         return rb_funcallv(config->decimal_class, config->decimal_method_id, 1, &text);
-    } else if (RB_LIKELY(len < 64)) {
-        char buffer[64];
-        MEMCPY(buffer, start, char, len);
-        buffer[len] = '\0';
-        return DBL2NUM(rb_cstr_to_dbl(buffer, 1));
-    } else {
-        return json_decode_large_float(start, len);
     }
+
+    // Fall back to rb_cstr_to_dbl for potential subnormals (rare edge case)
+    // Ryu has rounding issues with subnormals around 1e-310 (< 2.225e-308)
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(mantissa_digits > 17 || mantissa_digits + exponent < -307)) {
+        return json_decode_large_float(start, end - start);
+    }
+
+    return DBL2NUM(ryu_s2d_from_parts(mantissa, mantissa_digits, exponent, negative));
 }
 
 static inline VALUE json_decode_array(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config, long count)
@@ -807,10 +829,67 @@ static inline VALUE json_decode_array(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig
     return array;
 }
 
-static inline VALUE json_decode_object(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config, long count)
+static VALUE json_find_duplicated_key(size_t count, const VALUE *pairs)
+{
+    VALUE set = rb_hash_new_capa(count / 2);
+    for (size_t index = 0; index < count; index += 2) {
+        size_t before = RHASH_SIZE(set);
+        VALUE key = pairs[index];
+        rb_hash_aset(set, key, Qtrue);
+        if (RHASH_SIZE(set) == before) {
+            if (RB_SYMBOL_P(key)) {
+                return rb_sym2str(key);
+            }
+            return key;
+        }
+    }
+    return Qfalse;
+}
+
+static void emit_duplicate_key_warning(JSON_ParserState *state, VALUE duplicate_key)
+{
+    VALUE message = rb_sprintf(
+        "detected duplicate key %"PRIsVALUE" in JSON object. This will raise an error in json 3.0 unless enabled via `allow_duplicate_key: true`",
+        rb_inspect(duplicate_key)
+    );
+
+    emit_parse_warning(RSTRING_PTR(message), state);
+    RB_GC_GUARD(message);
+}
+
+#ifdef RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+#endif
+static void raise_duplicate_key_error(JSON_ParserState *state, VALUE duplicate_key)
 {
-    VALUE object = rb_hash_new_capa(count);
-    rb_hash_bulk_insert(count, rvalue_stack_peek(state->stack, count), object);
+    VALUE message = rb_sprintf(
+        "duplicate key %"PRIsVALUE,
+        rb_inspect(duplicate_key)
+    );
+
+    raise_parse_error(RSTRING_PTR(message), state);
+    RB_GC_GUARD(message);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE json_decode_object(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config, size_t count)
+{
+    size_t entries_count = count / 2;
+    VALUE object = rb_hash_new_capa(entries_count);
+    const VALUE *pairs = rvalue_stack_peek(state->stack, count);
+    rb_hash_bulk_insert(count, pairs, object);
+
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(RHASH_SIZE(object) < entries_count)) {
+        switch (config->on_duplicate_key) {
+            case JSON_IGNORE:
+                break;
+            case JSON_DEPRECATED:
+                emit_duplicate_key_warning(state, json_find_duplicated_key(count, pairs));
+                break;
+            case JSON_RAISE:
+                raise_duplicate_key_error(state, json_find_duplicated_key(count, pairs));
+                break;
+        }
+    }
 
     rvalue_stack_pop(state->stack, count);
 
@@ -844,7 +923,7 @@ static inline VALUE json_push_value(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *
     return value;
 }
 
-static const bool string_scan[256] = {
+static const bool string_scan_table[256] = {
     // ASCII Control Characters
      1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
      1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
@@ -857,32 +936,65 @@ static const bool string_scan[256] = {
      0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 };
 
+#ifdef HAVE_SIMD
+static SIMD_Implementation simd_impl = SIMD_NONE;
+#endif /* HAVE_SIMD */
+
+static ALWAYS_INLINE() bool string_scan(JSON_ParserState *state)
+{
+#ifdef HAVE_SIMD
+#if defined(HAVE_SIMD_NEON)
+
+    uint64_t mask = 0;
+    if (string_scan_simd_neon(&state->cursor, state->end, &mask)) {
+        state->cursor += trailing_zeros64(mask) >> 2;
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+#elif defined(HAVE_SIMD_SSE2)
+    if (simd_impl == SIMD_SSE2) {
+        int mask = 0;
+        if (string_scan_simd_sse2(&state->cursor, state->end, &mask)) {
+            state->cursor += trailing_zeros(mask);
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+#endif /* HAVE_SIMD_NEON or HAVE_SIMD_SSE2 */
+#endif /* HAVE_SIMD */
+
+    while (!eos(state)) {
+        if (RB_UNLIKELY(string_scan_table[(unsigned char)*state->cursor])) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+        state->cursor++;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
 static inline VALUE json_parse_string(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config, bool is_name)
 {
     state->cursor++;
     const char *start = state->cursor;
     bool escaped = false;
 
-    while (state->cursor < state->end) {
-        if (RB_UNLIKELY(string_scan[(unsigned char)*state->cursor])) {
-            switch (*state->cursor) {
-                case '"': {
-                    VALUE string = json_decode_string(state, config, start, state->cursor, escaped, is_name);
-                    state->cursor++;
-                    return json_push_value(state, config, string);
-                }
-                case '\\': {
-                    state->cursor++;
-                    escaped = true;
-                    if ((unsigned char)*state->cursor < 0x20) {
-                        raise_parse_error("invalid ASCII control character in string: %s", state);
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
-                default:
+    while (RB_UNLIKELY(string_scan(state))) {
+        switch (*state->cursor) {
+            case '"': {
+                VALUE string = json_decode_string(state, config, start, state->cursor, escaped, is_name);
+                state->cursor++;
+                return json_push_value(state, config, string);
+            }
+            case '\\': {
+                state->cursor++;
+                escaped = true;
+                if ((unsigned char)*state->cursor < 0x20) {
                     raise_parse_error("invalid ASCII control character in string: %s", state);
-                    break;
+                }
+                break;
             }
+            default:
+                raise_parse_error("invalid ASCII control character in string: %s", state);
+                break;
         }
 
         state->cursor++;
@@ -892,16 +1004,160 @@ static inline VALUE json_parse_string(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig
     return Qfalse;
 }
 
+#if JSON_CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN_64BITS
+// From: https://lemire.me/blog/2022/01/21/swar-explained-parsing-eight-digits/
+// Additional References:
+// https://johnnylee-sde.github.io/Fast-numeric-string-to-int/
+// http://0x80.pl/notesen/2014-10-12-parsing-decimal-numbers-part-1-swar.html
+static inline uint64_t decode_8digits_unrolled(uint64_t val) {
+    const uint64_t mask = 0x000000FF000000FF;
+    const uint64_t mul1 = 0x000F424000000064; // 100 + (1000000ULL << 32)
+    const uint64_t mul2 = 0x0000271000000001; // 1 + (10000ULL << 32)
+    val -= 0x3030303030303030;
+    val = (val * 10) + (val >> 8); // val = (val * 2561) >> 8;
+    val = (((val & mask) * mul1) + (((val >> 16) & mask) * mul2)) >> 32;
+    return val;
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t decode_4digits_unrolled(uint32_t val) {
+    const uint32_t mask = 0x000000FF;
+    const uint32_t mul1 = 100;
+    val -= 0x30303030;
+    val = (val * 10) + (val >> 8); // val = (val * 2561) >> 8;
+    val = ((val & mask) * mul1) + (((val >> 16) & mask));
+    return val;
+}
+#endif
+
+static inline int json_parse_digits(JSON_ParserState *state, uint64_t *accumulator)
+{
+    const char *start = state->cursor;
+
+#if JSON_CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN_64BITS
+    while (rest(state) >= sizeof(uint64_t)) {
+        uint64_t next_8bytes;
+        memcpy(&next_8bytes, state->cursor, sizeof(uint64_t));
+
+        // From: https://github.com/simdjson/simdjson/blob/32b301893c13d058095a07d9868edaaa42ee07aa/include/simdjson/generic/numberparsing.h#L333
+        // Branchless version of: http://0x80.pl/articles/swar-digits-validate.html
+        uint64_t match = (next_8bytes & 0xF0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0) | (((next_8bytes + 0x0606060606060606) & 0xF0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0) >> 4);
+
+        if (match == 0x3333333333333333) { // 8 consecutive digits
+            *accumulator = (*accumulator * 100000000) + decode_8digits_unrolled(next_8bytes);
+            state->cursor += 8;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        uint32_t consecutive_digits = trailing_zeros64(match ^ 0x3333333333333333) / CHAR_BIT;
+
+        if (consecutive_digits >= 4) {
+            *accumulator = (*accumulator * 10000) + decode_4digits_unrolled((uint32_t)next_8bytes);
+            state->cursor += 4;
+            consecutive_digits -= 4;
+        }
+
+        while (consecutive_digits) {
+            *accumulator = *accumulator * 10 + (*state->cursor - '0');
+            consecutive_digits--;
+            state->cursor++;
+        }
+
+        return (int)(state->cursor - start);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    char next_char;
+    while (rb_isdigit(next_char = peek(state))) {
+        *accumulator = *accumulator * 10 + (next_char - '0');
+        state->cursor++;
+    }
+    return (int)(state->cursor - start);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE json_parse_number(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config, bool negative, const char *start)
+{
+    bool integer = true;
+    const char first_digit = *state->cursor;
+
+    // Variables for Ryu optimization - extract digits during parsing
+    int32_t exponent = 0;
+    int decimal_point_pos = -1;
+    uint64_t mantissa = 0;
+
+    // Parse integer part and extract mantissa digits
+    int mantissa_digits = json_parse_digits(state, &mantissa);
+
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY((first_digit == '0' && mantissa_digits > 1) || (negative && mantissa_digits == 0))) {
+        raise_parse_error_at("invalid number: %s", state, start);
+    }
+
+    // Parse fractional part
+    if (peek(state) == '.') {
+        integer = false;
+        decimal_point_pos = mantissa_digits;  // Remember position of decimal point
+        state->cursor++;
+
+        int fractional_digits = json_parse_digits(state, &mantissa);
+        mantissa_digits += fractional_digits;
+
+        if (RB_UNLIKELY(!fractional_digits)) {
+            raise_parse_error_at("invalid number: %s", state, start);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Parse exponent
+    if (rb_tolower(peek(state)) == 'e') {
+        integer = false;
+        state->cursor++;
+
+        bool negative_exponent = false;
+        const char next_char = peek(state);
+        if (next_char == '-' || next_char == '+') {
+            negative_exponent = next_char == '-';
+            state->cursor++;
+        }
+
+        uint64_t abs_exponent = 0;
+        int exponent_digits = json_parse_digits(state, &abs_exponent);
+
+        if (RB_UNLIKELY(!exponent_digits)) {
+            raise_parse_error_at("invalid number: %s", state, start);
+        }
+
+        exponent = negative_exponent ? -((int32_t)abs_exponent) : ((int32_t)abs_exponent);
+    }
+
+    if (integer) {
+        return json_decode_integer(mantissa, mantissa_digits, negative, start, state->cursor);
+    }
+
+    // Adjust exponent based on decimal point position
+    if (decimal_point_pos >= 0) {
+        exponent -= (mantissa_digits - decimal_point_pos);
+    }
+
+    return json_decode_float(config, mantissa, mantissa_digits, exponent, negative, start, state->cursor);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE json_parse_positive_number(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
+{
+    return json_parse_number(state, config, false, state->cursor);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE json_parse_negative_number(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
+{
+    const char *start = state->cursor;
+    state->cursor++;
+    return json_parse_number(state, config, true, start);
+}
+
 static VALUE json_parse_any(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
 {
     json_eat_whitespace(state);
-    if (state->cursor >= state->end) {
-        raise_parse_error("unexpected end of input", state);
-    }
 
-    switch (*state->cursor) {
+    switch (peek(state)) {
         case 'n':
-            if ((state->end - state->cursor >= 4) && (memcmp(state->cursor, "null", 4) == 0)) {
+            if (rest(state) >= 4 && (memcmp(state->cursor, "null", 4) == 0)) {
                 state->cursor += 4;
                 return json_push_value(state, config, Qnil);
             }
@@ -909,7 +1165,7 @@ static VALUE json_parse_any(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
             raise_parse_error("unexpected token %s", state);
             break;
         case 't':
-            if ((state->end - state->cursor >= 4) && (memcmp(state->cursor, "true", 4) == 0)) {
+            if (rest(state) >= 4 && (memcmp(state->cursor, "true", 4) == 0)) {
                 state->cursor += 4;
                 return json_push_value(state, config, Qtrue);
             }
@@ -918,7 +1174,7 @@ static VALUE json_parse_any(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
             break;
         case 'f':
             // Note: memcmp with a small power of two compile to an integer comparison
-            if ((state->end - state->cursor >= 5) && (memcmp(state->cursor + 1, "alse", 4) == 0)) {
+            if (rest(state) >= 5 && (memcmp(state->cursor + 1, "alse", 4) == 0)) {
                 state->cursor += 5;
                 return json_push_value(state, config, Qfalse);
             }
@@ -927,7 +1183,7 @@ static VALUE json_parse_any(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
             break;
         case 'N':
             // Note: memcmp with a small power of two compile to an integer comparison
-            if (config->allow_nan && (state->end - state->cursor >= 3) && (memcmp(state->cursor + 1, "aN", 2) == 0)) {
+            if (config->allow_nan && rest(state) >= 3 && (memcmp(state->cursor + 1, "aN", 2) == 0)) {
                 state->cursor += 3;
                 return json_push_value(state, config, CNaN);
             }
@@ -935,16 +1191,16 @@ static VALUE json_parse_any(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
             raise_parse_error("unexpected token %s", state);
             break;
         case 'I':
-            if (config->allow_nan && (state->end - state->cursor >= 8) && (memcmp(state->cursor, "Infinity", 8) == 0)) {
+            if (config->allow_nan && rest(state) >= 8 && (memcmp(state->cursor, "Infinity", 8) == 0)) {
                 state->cursor += 8;
                 return json_push_value(state, config, CInfinity);
             }
 
             raise_parse_error("unexpected token %s", state);
             break;
-        case '-':
+        case '-': {
             // Note: memcmp with a small power of two compile to an integer comparison
-            if ((state->end - state->cursor >= 9) && (memcmp(state->cursor + 1, "Infinity", 8) == 0)) {
+            if (rest(state) >= 9 && (memcmp(state->cursor + 1, "Infinity", 8) == 0)) {
                 if (config->allow_nan) {
                     state->cursor += 9;
                     return json_push_value(state, config, CMinusInfinity);
@@ -952,62 +1208,12 @@ static VALUE json_parse_any(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
                     raise_parse_error("unexpected token %s", state);
                 }
             }
-            // Fallthrough
-        case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': {
-            bool integer = true;
-
-            // /\A-?(0|[1-9]\d*)(\.\d+)?([Ee][-+]?\d+)?/
-            const char *start = state->cursor;
-            state->cursor++;
-
-            while ((state->cursor < state->end) && (*state->cursor >= '0') && (*state->cursor <= '9')) {
-                state->cursor++;
-            }
-
-            long integer_length = state->cursor - start;
-
-            if (RB_UNLIKELY(start[0] == '0' && integer_length > 1)) {
-                raise_parse_error_at("invalid number: %s", state, start);
-            } else if (RB_UNLIKELY(integer_length > 2 && start[0] == '-' && start[1] == '0')) {
-                raise_parse_error_at("invalid number: %s", state, start);
-            } else if (RB_UNLIKELY(integer_length == 1 && start[0] == '-')) {
-                raise_parse_error_at("invalid number: %s", state, start);
-            }
-
-            if ((state->cursor < state->end) && (*state->cursor == '.')) {
-                integer = false;
-                state->cursor++;
-
-                if (state->cursor == state->end || *state->cursor < '0' || *state->cursor > '9') {
-                    raise_parse_error("invalid number: %s", state);
-                }
-
-                while ((state->cursor < state->end) && (*state->cursor >= '0') && (*state->cursor <= '9')) {
-                    state->cursor++;
-                }
-            }
-
-            if ((state->cursor < state->end) && ((*state->cursor == 'e') || (*state->cursor == 'E'))) {
-                integer = false;
-                state->cursor++;
-                if ((state->cursor < state->end) && ((*state->cursor == '+') || (*state->cursor == '-'))) {
-                    state->cursor++;
-                }
-
-                if (state->cursor == state->end || *state->cursor < '0' || *state->cursor > '9') {
-                    raise_parse_error("invalid number: %s", state);
-                }
-
-                while ((state->cursor < state->end) && (*state->cursor >= '0') && (*state->cursor <= '9')) {
-                    state->cursor++;
-                }
-            }
-
-            if (integer) {
-                return json_push_value(state, config, json_decode_integer(start, state->cursor));
-            }
-            return json_push_value(state, config, json_decode_float(config, start, state->cursor));
+            return json_push_value(state, config, json_parse_negative_number(state, config));
+            break;
         }
+        case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
+            return json_push_value(state, config, json_parse_positive_number(state, config));
+            break;
         case '"': {
             // %r{\A"[^"\\\t\n\x00]*(?:\\[bfnrtu\\/"][^"\\]*)*"}
             return json_parse_string(state, config, false);
@@ -1018,7 +1224,7 @@ static VALUE json_parse_any(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
             json_eat_whitespace(state);
             long stack_head = state->stack->head;
 
-            if ((state->cursor < state->end) && (*state->cursor == ']')) {
+            if (peek(state) == ']') {
                 state->cursor++;
                 return json_push_value(state, config, json_decode_array(state, config, 0));
             } else {
@@ -1033,26 +1239,26 @@ static VALUE json_parse_any(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
             while (true) {
                 json_eat_whitespace(state);
 
-                if (state->cursor < state->end) {
-                    if (*state->cursor == ']') {
-                        state->cursor++;
-                        long count = state->stack->head - stack_head;
-                        state->current_nesting--;
-                        state->in_array--;
-                        return json_push_value(state, config, json_decode_array(state, config, count));
-                    }
+                const char next_char = peek(state);
 
-                    if (*state->cursor == ',') {
-                        state->cursor++;
-                        if (config->allow_trailing_comma) {
-                            json_eat_whitespace(state);
-                            if ((state->cursor < state->end) && (*state->cursor == ']')) {
-                                continue;
-                            }
+                if (RB_LIKELY(next_char == ',')) {
+                    state->cursor++;
+                    if (config->allow_trailing_comma) {
+                        json_eat_whitespace(state);
+                        if (peek(state) == ']') {
+                            continue;
                         }
-                        json_parse_any(state, config);
-                        continue;
                     }
+                    json_parse_any(state, config);
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if (next_char == ']') {
+                    state->cursor++;
+                    long count = state->stack->head - stack_head;
+                    state->current_nesting--;
+                    state->in_array--;
+                    return json_push_value(state, config, json_decode_array(state, config, count));
                 }
 
                 raise_parse_error("expected ',' or ']' after array value", state);
@@ -1060,11 +1266,13 @@ static VALUE json_parse_any(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
             break;
         }
         case '{': {
+            const char *object_start_cursor = state->cursor;
+
             state->cursor++;
             json_eat_whitespace(state);
             long stack_head = state->stack->head;
 
-            if ((state->cursor < state->end) && (*state->cursor == '}')) {
+            if (peek(state) == '}') {
                 state->cursor++;
                 return json_push_value(state, config, json_decode_object(state, config, 0));
             } else {
@@ -1073,13 +1281,13 @@ static VALUE json_parse_any(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
                     rb_raise(eNestingError, "nesting of %d is too deep", state->current_nesting);
                 }
 
-                if (*state->cursor != '"') {
+                if (peek(state) != '"') {
                     raise_parse_error("expected object key, got %s", state);
                 }
                 json_parse_string(state, config, true);
 
                 json_eat_whitespace(state);
-                if ((state->cursor >= state->end) || (*state->cursor != ':')) {
+                if (peek(state) != ':') {
                     raise_parse_error("expected ':' after object key", state);
                 }
                 state->cursor++;
@@ -1090,39 +1298,45 @@ static VALUE json_parse_any(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
             while (true) {
                 json_eat_whitespace(state);
 
-                if (state->cursor < state->end) {
-                    if (*state->cursor == '}') {
-                        state->cursor++;
-                        state->current_nesting--;
-                        long count = state->stack->head - stack_head;
-                        return json_push_value(state, config, json_decode_object(state, config, count));
-                    }
+                const char next_char = peek(state);
+                if (next_char == '}') {
+                    state->cursor++;
+                    state->current_nesting--;
+                    size_t count = state->stack->head - stack_head;
 
-                    if (*state->cursor == ',') {
-                        state->cursor++;
-                        json_eat_whitespace(state);
+                    // Temporary rewind cursor in case an error is raised
+                    const char *final_cursor = state->cursor;
+                    state->cursor = object_start_cursor;
+                    VALUE object = json_decode_object(state, config, count);
+                    state->cursor = final_cursor;
 
-                        if (config->allow_trailing_comma) {
-                            if ((state->cursor < state->end) && (*state->cursor == '}')) {
-                                continue;
-                            }
-                        }
+                    return json_push_value(state, config, object);
+                }
 
-                        if (*state->cursor != '"') {
-                            raise_parse_error("expected object key, got: %s", state);
-                        }
-                        json_parse_string(state, config, true);
+                if (next_char == ',') {
+                    state->cursor++;
+                    json_eat_whitespace(state);
 
-                        json_eat_whitespace(state);
-                        if ((state->cursor >= state->end) || (*state->cursor != ':')) {
-                            raise_parse_error("expected ':' after object key, got: %s", state);
+                    if (config->allow_trailing_comma) {
+                        if (peek(state) == '}') {
+                            continue;
                         }
-                        state->cursor++;
+                    }
 
-                        json_parse_any(state, config);
+                    if (RB_UNLIKELY(peek(state) != '"')) {
+                        raise_parse_error("expected object key, got: %s", state);
+                    }
+                    json_parse_string(state, config, true);
 
-                        continue;
+                    json_eat_whitespace(state);
+                    if (RB_UNLIKELY(peek(state) != ':')) {
+                        raise_parse_error("expected ':' after object key, got: %s", state);
                     }
+                    state->cursor++;
+
+                    json_parse_any(state, config);
+
+                    continue;
                 }
 
                 raise_parse_error("expected ',' or '}' after object value, got: %s", state);
@@ -1130,18 +1344,23 @@ static VALUE json_parse_any(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
             break;
         }
 
+        case 0:
+            raise_parse_error("unexpected end of input", state);
+            break;
+
         default:
             raise_parse_error("unexpected character: %s", state);
             break;
     }
 
-    raise_parse_error("unreacheable: %s", state);
+    raise_parse_error("unreachable: %s", state);
+    return Qundef;
 }
 
 static void json_ensure_eof(JSON_ParserState *state)
 {
     json_eat_whitespace(state);
-    if (state->cursor != state->end) {
+    if (!eos(state)) {
         raise_parse_error("unexpected token at end of stream %s", state);
     }
 }
@@ -1184,6 +1403,7 @@ static int parser_config_init_i(VALUE key, VALUE val, VALUE data)
     else if (key == sym_symbolize_names)      { config->symbolize_names = RTEST(val); }
     else if (key == sym_freeze)               { config->freeze = RTEST(val); }
     else if (key == sym_on_load)              { config->on_load_proc = RTEST(val) ? val : Qfalse; }
+    else if (key == sym_allow_duplicate_key)  { config->on_duplicate_key = RTEST(val) ? JSON_IGNORE : JSON_RAISE; }
     else if (key == sym_decimal_class)        {
         if (RTEST(val)) {
             if (rb_respond_to(val, i_try_convert)) {
@@ -1400,6 +1620,7 @@ void Init_parser(void)
     sym_freeze = ID2SYM(rb_intern("freeze"));
     sym_on_load = ID2SYM(rb_intern("on_load"));
     sym_decimal_class = ID2SYM(rb_intern("decimal_class"));
+    sym_allow_duplicate_key = ID2SYM(rb_intern("allow_duplicate_key"));
 
     i_chr = rb_intern("chr");
     i_aset = rb_intern("[]=");
@@ -1413,4 +1634,8 @@ void Init_parser(void)
     binary_encindex = rb_ascii8bit_encindex();
     utf8_encindex = rb_utf8_encindex();
     enc_utf8 = rb_utf8_encoding();
+
+#ifdef HAVE_SIMD
+    simd_impl = find_simd_implementation();
+#endif
 }