json 1.0.0 → 2.7.2

data/lib/json/common.rb

@@ -1,45 +1,66 @@
+#frozen_string_literal: false
 require 'json/version'
 
 module JSON
+  autoload :GenericObject, 'json/generic_object'
+
+  NOT_SET = Object.new.freeze
+  private_constant :NOT_SET
+
   class << self
-    # If object is string like parse the string and return the parsed result as a
-    # Ruby data structure. Otherwise generate a JSON text from the Ruby data
-    # structure object and return it.
-    def [](object)
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   JSON[object] -> new_array or new_string
+    #
+    # If +object+ is a \String,
+    # calls JSON.parse with +object+ and +opts+ (see method #parse):
+    #   json = '[0, 1, null]'
+    #   JSON[json]# => [0, 1, nil]
+    #
+    # Otherwise, calls JSON.generate with +object+ and +opts+ (see method #generate):
+    #   ruby = [0, 1, nil]
+    #   JSON[ruby] # => '[0,1,null]'
+    def [](object, opts = {})
       if object.respond_to? :to_str
-        JSON.parse(object.to_str)
+        JSON.parse(object.to_str, opts)
       else
-        JSON.generate(object)
+        JSON.generate(object, opts)
       end
     end
 
-    # Returns the JSON parser class, that is used by JSON. This might be either
-    # JSON::Ext::Parser or JSON::Pure::Parser.
+    # Returns the JSON parser class that is used by JSON. This is either
+    # JSON::Ext::Parser or JSON::Pure::Parser:
+    #   JSON.parser # => JSON::Ext::Parser
     attr_reader :parser
 
     # Set the JSON parser class _parser_ to be used by JSON.
     def parser=(parser) # :nodoc:
       @parser = parser
-      remove_const :Parser if const_defined? :Parser
+      remove_const :Parser if const_defined?(:Parser, false)
       const_set :Parser, parser
     end
 
     # Return the constant located at _path_. The format of _path_ has to be
-    # either ::A::B::C or A::B::C. In any case A has to be located at the top
+    # either ::A::B::C or A::B::C. In any case, A has to be located at the top
     # level (absolute namespace path?). If there doesn't exist a constant at
     # the given path, an ArgumentError is raised.
     def deep_const_get(path) # :nodoc:
-      path.split(/::/).inject(Object) do |p, c|
+      path.to_s.split(/::/).inject(Object) do |p, c|
         case
-        when c.empty?             then p
-        when p.const_defined?(c)  then p.const_get(c)
-        else                      raise ArgumentError, "can't find #{path}"
+        when c.empty?                  then p
+        when p.const_defined?(c, true) then p.const_get(c)
+        else
+          begin
+            p.const_missing(c)
+          rescue NameError => e
+            raise ArgumentError, "can't get const #{path}: #{e}"
+          end
         end
       end
     end
 
     # Set the module _generator_ to be used by JSON.
     def generator=(generator) # :nodoc:
+      old, $VERBOSE = $VERBOSE, nil
       @generator = generator
       generator_methods = generator::GeneratorMethods
       for const in generator_methods.constants
@@ -54,131 +75,624 @@ module JSON
       end
       self.state = generator::State
       const_set :State, self.state
+      const_set :SAFE_STATE_PROTOTYPE, State.new # for JRuby
+      const_set :FAST_STATE_PROTOTYPE, create_fast_state
+      const_set :PRETTY_STATE_PROTOTYPE, create_pretty_state
+    ensure
+      $VERBOSE = old
+    end
+
+    def create_fast_state
+      State.new(
+        :indent         => '',
+        :space          => '',
+        :object_nl      => "",
+        :array_nl       => "",
+        :max_nesting    => false
+      )
+    end
+
+    def create_pretty_state
+      State.new(
+        :indent         => '  ',
+        :space          => ' ',
+        :object_nl      => "\n",
+        :array_nl       => "\n"
+      )
     end
 
-    # Returns the JSON generator modul, that is used by JSON. This might be
-    # either JSON::Ext::Generator or JSON::Pure::Generator.
+    # Returns the JSON generator module that is used by JSON. This is
+    # either JSON::Ext::Generator or JSON::Pure::Generator:
+    #   JSON.generator # => JSON::Ext::Generator
     attr_reader :generator
 
-    # Returns the JSON generator state class, that is used by JSON. This might
-    # be either JSON::Ext::Generator::State or JSON::Pure::Generator::State.
+    # Sets or Returns the JSON generator state class that is used by JSON. This is
+    # either JSON::Ext::Generator::State or JSON::Pure::Generator::State:
+    #   JSON.state # => JSON::Ext::Generator::State
     attr_accessor :state
+  end
 
-    # This is create identifier, that is used to decide, if the _json_create_
-    # hook of a class should be called. It defaults to 'json_class'.
-    attr_accessor :create_id
+  DEFAULT_CREATE_ID = 'json_class'.freeze
+  private_constant :DEFAULT_CREATE_ID
+
+  CREATE_ID_TLS_KEY = "JSON.create_id".freeze
+  private_constant :CREATE_ID_TLS_KEY
+
+  # Sets create identifier, which is used to decide if the _json_create_
+  # hook of a class should be called; initial value is +json_class+:
+  #   JSON.create_id # => 'json_class'
+  def self.create_id=(new_value)
+    Thread.current[CREATE_ID_TLS_KEY] = new_value.dup.freeze
+  end
+
+  # Returns the current create identifier.
+  # See also JSON.create_id=.
+  def self.create_id
+    Thread.current[CREATE_ID_TLS_KEY] || DEFAULT_CREATE_ID
   end
-  self.create_id = 'json_class'
+
+  NaN           = 0.0/0
+
+  Infinity      = 1.0/0
+
+  MinusInfinity = -Infinity
 
   # The base exception for JSON errors.
-  class JSONError < StandardError; end
+  class JSONError < StandardError
+    def self.wrap(exception)
+      obj = new("Wrapped(#{exception.class}): #{exception.message.inspect}")
+      obj.set_backtrace exception.backtrace
+      obj
+    end
+  end
 
-  # This exception is raised, if a parser error occurs.
+  # This exception is raised if a parser error occurs.
   class ParserError < JSONError; end
 
-  # This exception is raised, if a generator or unparser error occurs.
+  # This exception is raised if the nesting of parsed data structures is too
+  # deep.
+  class NestingError < ParserError; end
+
+  # :stopdoc:
+  class CircularDatastructure < NestingError; end
+  # :startdoc:
+
+  # This exception is raised if a generator or unparser error occurs.
   class GeneratorError < JSONError; end
   # For backwards compatibility
-  UnparserError = GeneratorError
+  UnparserError = GeneratorError # :nodoc:
 
-  # If a circular data structure is encountered while unparsing
-  # this exception is raised.
-  class CircularDatastructure < GeneratorError; end
-
-  # This exception is raised, if the required unicode support is missing on the
-  # system. Usually this means, that the iconv library is not installed.
+  # This exception is raised if the required unicode support is missing on the
+  # system. Usually this means that the iconv library is not installed.
   class MissingUnicodeSupport < JSONError; end
 
   module_function
 
-  # Parse the JSON string _source_ into a Ruby data structure and return it.
-  def parse(source)
-    JSON.parser.new(source).parse
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   JSON.parse(source, opts) -> object
+  #
+  # Returns the Ruby objects created by parsing the given +source+.
+  #
+  # Argument +source+ contains the \String to be parsed.
+  #
+  # Argument +opts+, if given, contains a \Hash of options for the parsing.
+  # See {Parsing Options}[#module-JSON-label-Parsing+Options].
+  #
+  # ---
+  #
+  # When +source+ is a \JSON array, returns a Ruby \Array:
+  #   source = '["foo", 1.0, true, false, null]'
+  #   ruby = JSON.parse(source)
+  #   ruby # => ["foo", 1.0, true, false, nil]
+  #   ruby.class # => Array
+  #
+  # When +source+ is a \JSON object, returns a Ruby \Hash:
+  #   source = '{"a": "foo", "b": 1.0, "c": true, "d": false, "e": null}'
+  #   ruby = JSON.parse(source)
+  #   ruby # => {"a"=>"foo", "b"=>1.0, "c"=>true, "d"=>false, "e"=>nil}
+  #   ruby.class # => Hash
+  #
+  # For examples of parsing for all \JSON data types, see
+  # {Parsing \JSON}[#module-JSON-label-Parsing+JSON].
+  #
+  # Parses nested JSON objects:
+  #   source = <<-EOT
+  #   {
+  #   "name": "Dave",
+  #     "age" :40,
+  #     "hats": [
+  #       "Cattleman's",
+  #       "Panama",
+  #       "Tophat"
+  #     ]
+  #   }
+  #   EOT
+  #   ruby = JSON.parse(source)
+  #   ruby # => {"name"=>"Dave", "age"=>40, "hats"=>["Cattleman's", "Panama", "Tophat"]}
+  #
+  # ---
+  #
+  # Raises an exception if +source+ is not valid JSON:
+  #   # Raises JSON::ParserError (783: unexpected token at ''):
+  #   JSON.parse('')
+  #
+  def parse(source, opts = {})
+    Parser.new(source, **(opts||{})).parse
+  end
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   JSON.parse!(source, opts) -> object
+  #
+  # Calls
+  #   parse(source, opts)
+  # with +source+ and possibly modified +opts+.
+  #
+  # Differences from JSON.parse:
+  # - Option +max_nesting+, if not provided, defaults to +false+,
+  #   which disables checking for nesting depth.
+  # - Option +allow_nan+, if not provided, defaults to +true+.
+  def parse!(source, opts = {})
+    opts = {
+      :max_nesting  => false,
+      :allow_nan    => true
+    }.merge(opts)
+    Parser.new(source, **(opts||{})).parse
   end
 
-  # Unparse the Ruby data structure _obj_ into a single line JSON string and
-  # return it. _state_ is a JSON::State object, that can be used to configure
-  # the output further.
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   JSON.load_file(path, opts={}) -> object
+  #
+  # Calls:
+  #   parse(File.read(path), opts)
   #
-  # It defaults to a state object, that creates the shortest possible JSON text
-  # in one line and only checks for circular data structures. If you are sure,
-  # that the objects don't contain any circles, you can set _state_ to nil, to
-  # disable these checks in order to create the JSON text faster. See also
-  # fast_generate.
-  def generate(obj, state = JSON.state.new)
-    obj.to_json(state)
+  # See method #parse.
+  def load_file(filespec, opts = {})
+    parse(File.read(filespec), opts)
   end
 
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   JSON.load_file!(path, opts = {})
+  #
+  # Calls:
+  #   JSON.parse!(File.read(path, opts))
+  #
+  # See method #parse!
+  def load_file!(filespec, opts = {})
+    parse!(File.read(filespec), opts)
+  end
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   JSON.generate(obj, opts = nil) -> new_string
+  #
+  # Returns a \String containing the generated \JSON data.
+  #
+  # See also JSON.fast_generate, JSON.pretty_generate.
+  #
+  # Argument +obj+ is the Ruby object to be converted to \JSON.
+  #
+  # Argument +opts+, if given, contains a \Hash of options for the generation.
+  # See {Generating Options}[#module-JSON-label-Generating+Options].
+  #
+  # ---
+  #
+  # When +obj+ is an \Array, returns a \String containing a \JSON array:
+  #   obj = ["foo", 1.0, true, false, nil]
+  #   json = JSON.generate(obj)
+  #   json # => '["foo",1.0,true,false,null]'
+  #
+  # When +obj+ is a \Hash, returns a \String containing a \JSON object:
+  #   obj = {foo: 0, bar: 's', baz: :bat}
+  #   json = JSON.generate(obj)
+  #   json # => '{"foo":0,"bar":"s","baz":"bat"}'
+  #
+  # For examples of generating from other Ruby objects, see
+  # {Generating \JSON from Other Objects}[#module-JSON-label-Generating+JSON+from+Other+Objects].
+  #
+  # ---
+  #
+  # Raises an exception if any formatting option is not a \String.
+  #
+  # Raises an exception if +obj+ contains circular references:
+  #   a = []; b = []; a.push(b); b.push(a)
+  #   # Raises JSON::NestingError (nesting of 100 is too deep):
+  #   JSON.generate(a)
+  #
+  def generate(obj, opts = nil)
+    if State === opts
+      state = opts
+    else
+      state = State.new(opts)
+    end
+    state.generate(obj)
+  end
+
+  # :stopdoc:
+  # I want to deprecate these later, so I'll first be silent about them, and
+  # later delete them.
   alias unparse generate
   module_function :unparse
+  # :startdoc:
 
-  # Unparse the Ruby data structure _obj_ into a single line JSON string and
-  # return it. This method disables the checks for circles in Ruby objects.
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   JSON.fast_generate(obj, opts) -> new_string
   #
-  # *WARNING*: Be careful not to pass any Ruby data structures with circles as
-  # _obj_ argument, because this will cause JSON to go into an infinite loop.
-  def fast_generate(obj)
-    obj.to_json(nil)
+  # Arguments +obj+ and +opts+ here are the same as
+  # arguments +obj+ and +opts+ in JSON.generate.
+  #
+  # By default, generates \JSON data without checking
+  # for circular references in +obj+ (option +max_nesting+ set to +false+, disabled).
+  #
+  # Raises an exception if +obj+ contains circular references:
+  #   a = []; b = []; a.push(b); b.push(a)
+  #   # Raises SystemStackError (stack level too deep):
+  #   JSON.fast_generate(a)
+  def fast_generate(obj, opts = nil)
+    if State === opts
+      state = opts
+    else
+      state = JSON.create_fast_state.configure(opts)
+    end
+    state.generate(obj)
   end
 
+  # :stopdoc:
+  # I want to deprecate these later, so I'll first be silent about them, and later delete them.
   alias fast_unparse fast_generate
   module_function :fast_unparse
+  # :startdoc:
 
-  # Unparse the Ruby data structure _obj_ into a JSON string and return it. The
-  # returned string is a prettier form of the string returned by #unparse.
-  def pretty_generate(obj)
-    state = JSON.state.new(
-      :indent     => '  ',
-      :space      => ' ',
-      :object_nl  => "\n",
-      :array_nl   => "\n",
-      :check_circular => true
-    )
-    obj.to_json(state)
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   JSON.pretty_generate(obj, opts = nil) -> new_string
+  #
+  # Arguments +obj+ and +opts+ here are the same as
+  # arguments +obj+ and +opts+ in JSON.generate.
+  #
+  # Default options are:
+  #   {
+  #     indent: '  ',   # Two spaces
+  #     space: ' ',     # One space
+  #     array_nl: "\n", # Newline
+  #     object_nl: "\n" # Newline
+  #   }
+  #
+  # Example:
+  #   obj = {foo: [:bar, :baz], bat: {bam: 0, bad: 1}}
+  #   json = JSON.pretty_generate(obj)
+  #   puts json
+  # Output:
+  #   {
+  #     "foo": [
+  #       "bar",
+  #       "baz"
+  #     ],
+  #     "bat": {
+  #       "bam": 0,
+  #       "bad": 1
+  #     }
+  #   }
+  #
+  def pretty_generate(obj, opts = nil)
+    if State === opts
+      state, opts = opts, nil
+    else
+      state = JSON.create_pretty_state
+    end
+    if opts
+      if opts.respond_to? :to_hash
+        opts = opts.to_hash
+      elsif opts.respond_to? :to_h
+        opts = opts.to_h
+      else
+        raise TypeError, "can't convert #{opts.class} into Hash"
+      end
+      state.configure(opts)
+    end
+    state.generate(obj)
   end
 
+  # :stopdoc:
+  # I want to deprecate these later, so I'll first be silent about them, and later delete them.
   alias pretty_unparse pretty_generate
   module_function :pretty_unparse
+  # :startdoc:
+
+  class << self
+    # Sets or returns default options for the JSON.load method.
+    # Initially:
+    #   opts = JSON.load_default_options
+    #   opts # => {:max_nesting=>false, :allow_nan=>true, :allow_blank=>true, :create_additions=>true}
+    attr_accessor :load_default_options
+  end
+  self.load_default_options = {
+    :max_nesting      => false,
+    :allow_nan        => true,
+    :allow_blank       => true,
+    :create_additions => true,
+  }
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   JSON.load(source, proc = nil, options = {}) -> object
+  #
+  # Returns the Ruby objects created by parsing the given +source+.
+  #
+  # - Argument +source+ must be, or be convertible to, a \String:
+  #   - If +source+ responds to instance method +to_str+,
+  #     <tt>source.to_str</tt> becomes the source.
+  #   - If +source+ responds to instance method +to_io+,
+  #     <tt>source.to_io.read</tt> becomes the source.
+  #   - If +source+ responds to instance method +read+,
+  #     <tt>source.read</tt> becomes the source.
+  #   - If both of the following are true, source becomes the \String <tt>'null'</tt>:
+  #     - Option +allow_blank+ specifies a truthy value.
+  #     - The source, as defined above, is +nil+ or the empty \String <tt>''</tt>.
+  #   - Otherwise, +source+ remains the source.
+  # - Argument +proc+, if given, must be a \Proc that accepts one argument.
+  #   It will be called recursively with each result (depth-first order).
+  #   See details below.
+  #   BEWARE: This method is meant to serialise data from trusted user input,
+  #   like from your own database server or clients under your control, it could
+  #   be dangerous to allow untrusted users to pass JSON sources into it.
+  # - Argument +opts+, if given, contains a \Hash of options for the parsing.
+  #   See {Parsing Options}[#module-JSON-label-Parsing+Options].
+  #   The default options can be changed via method JSON.load_default_options=.
+  #
+  # ---
+  #
+  # When no +proc+ is given, modifies +source+ as above and returns the result of
+  # <tt>parse(source, opts)</tt>;  see #parse.
+  #
+  # Source for following examples:
+  #   source = <<-EOT
+  #   {
+  #   "name": "Dave",
+  #     "age" :40,
+  #     "hats": [
+  #       "Cattleman's",
+  #       "Panama",
+  #       "Tophat"
+  #     ]
+  #   }
+  #   EOT
+  #
+  # Load a \String:
+  #   ruby = JSON.load(source)
+  #   ruby # => {"name"=>"Dave", "age"=>40, "hats"=>["Cattleman's", "Panama", "Tophat"]}
+  #
+  # Load an \IO object:
+  #   require 'stringio'
+  #   object = JSON.load(StringIO.new(source))
+  #   object # => {"name"=>"Dave", "age"=>40, "hats"=>["Cattleman's", "Panama", "Tophat"]}
+  #
+  # Load a \File object:
+  #   path = 't.json'
+  #   File.write(path, source)
+  #   File.open(path) do |file|
+  #     JSON.load(file)
+  #   end # => {"name"=>"Dave", "age"=>40, "hats"=>["Cattleman's", "Panama", "Tophat"]}
+  #
+  # ---
+  #
+  # When +proc+ is given:
+  # - Modifies +source+ as above.
+  # - Gets the +result+ from calling <tt>parse(source, opts)</tt>.
+  # - Recursively calls <tt>proc(result)</tt>.
+  # - Returns the final result.
+  #
+  # Example:
+  #   require 'json'
+  #
+  #   # Some classes for the example.
+  #   class Base
+  #     def initialize(attributes)
+  #       @attributes = attributes
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  #   class User    < Base; end
+  #   class Account < Base; end
+  #   class Admin   < Base; end
+  #   # The JSON source.
+  #   json = <<-EOF
+  #   {
+  #     "users": [
+  #         {"type": "User", "username": "jane", "email": "jane@example.com"},
+  #         {"type": "User", "username": "john", "email": "john@example.com"}
+  #     ],
+  #     "accounts": [
+  #         {"account": {"type": "Account", "paid": true, "account_id": "1234"}},
+  #         {"account": {"type": "Account", "paid": false, "account_id": "1235"}}
+  #     ],
+  #     "admins": {"type": "Admin", "password": "0wn3d"}
+  #   }
+  #   EOF
+  #   # Deserializer method.
+  #   def deserialize_obj(obj, safe_types = %w(User Account Admin))
+  #     type = obj.is_a?(Hash) && obj["type"]
+  #     safe_types.include?(type) ? Object.const_get(type).new(obj) : obj
+  #   end
+  #   # Call to JSON.load
+  #   ruby = JSON.load(json, proc {|obj|
+  #     case obj
+  #     when Hash
+  #       obj.each {|k, v| obj[k] = deserialize_obj v }
+  #     when Array
+  #       obj.map! {|v| deserialize_obj v }
+  #     end
+  #   })
+  #   pp ruby
+  # Output:
+  #   {"users"=>
+  #      [#<User:0x00000000064c4c98
+  #        @attributes=
+  #          {"type"=>"User", "username"=>"jane", "email"=>"jane@example.com"}>,
+  #        #<User:0x00000000064c4bd0
+  #        @attributes=
+  #          {"type"=>"User", "username"=>"john", "email"=>"john@example.com"}>],
+  #    "accounts"=>
+  #      [{"account"=>
+  #          #<Account:0x00000000064c4928
+  #          @attributes={"type"=>"Account", "paid"=>true, "account_id"=>"1234"}>},
+  #       {"account"=>
+  #          #<Account:0x00000000064c4680
+  #          @attributes={"type"=>"Account", "paid"=>false, "account_id"=>"1235"}>}],
+  #    "admins"=>
+  #      #<Admin:0x00000000064c41f8
+  #      @attributes={"type"=>"Admin", "password"=>"0wn3d"}>}
+  #
+  def load(source, proc = nil, options = {})
+    opts = load_default_options.merge options
+    if source.respond_to? :to_str
+      source = source.to_str
+    elsif source.respond_to? :to_io
+      source = source.to_io.read
+    elsif source.respond_to?(:read)
+      source = source.read
+    end
+    if opts[:allow_blank] && (source.nil? || source.empty?)
+      source = 'null'
+    end
+    result = parse(source, opts)
+    recurse_proc(result, &proc) if proc
+    result
+  end
+
+  # Recursively calls passed _Proc_ if the parsed data structure is an _Array_ or _Hash_
+  def recurse_proc(result, &proc) # :nodoc:
+    case result
+    when Array
+      result.each { |x| recurse_proc x, &proc }
+      proc.call result
+    when Hash
+      result.each { |x, y| recurse_proc x, &proc; recurse_proc y, &proc }
+      proc.call result
+    else
+      proc.call result
+    end
+  end
+
+  alias restore load
+  module_function :restore
+
+  class << self
+    # Sets or returns the default options for the JSON.dump method.
+    # Initially:
+    #   opts = JSON.dump_default_options
+    #   opts # => {:max_nesting=>false, :allow_nan=>true, :script_safe=>false}
+    attr_accessor :dump_default_options
+  end
+  self.dump_default_options = {
+    :max_nesting => false,
+    :allow_nan   => true,
+    :script_safe => false,
+  }
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   JSON.dump(obj, io = nil, limit = nil)
+  #
+  # Dumps +obj+ as a \JSON string, i.e. calls generate on the object and returns the result.
+  #
+  # The default options can be changed via method JSON.dump_default_options.
+  #
+  # - Argument +io+, if given, should respond to method +write+;
+  #   the \JSON \String is written to +io+, and +io+ is returned.
+  #   If +io+ is not given, the \JSON \String is returned.
+  # - Argument +limit+, if given, is passed to JSON.generate as option +max_nesting+.
+  #
+  # ---
+  #
+  # When argument +io+ is not given, returns the \JSON \String generated from +obj+:
+  #   obj = {foo: [0, 1], bar: {baz: 2, bat: 3}, bam: :bad}
+  #   json = JSON.dump(obj)
+  #   json # => "{\"foo\":[0,1],\"bar\":{\"baz\":2,\"bat\":3},\"bam\":\"bad\"}"
+  #
+  # When argument +io+ is given, writes the \JSON \String to +io+ and returns +io+:
+  #   path = 't.json'
+  #   File.open(path, 'w') do |file|
+  #     JSON.dump(obj, file)
+  #   end # => #<File:t.json (closed)>
+  #   puts File.read(path)
+  # Output:
+  #   {"foo":[0,1],"bar":{"baz":2,"bat":3},"bam":"bad"}
+  def dump(obj, anIO = nil, limit = nil, kwargs = nil)
+    io_limit_opt = [anIO, limit, kwargs].compact
+    kwargs = io_limit_opt.pop if io_limit_opt.last.is_a?(Hash)
+    anIO, limit = io_limit_opt
+    if anIO.respond_to?(:to_io)
+      anIO = anIO.to_io
+    elsif limit.nil? && !anIO.respond_to?(:write)
+      anIO, limit = nil, anIO
+    end
+    opts = JSON.dump_default_options
+    opts = opts.merge(:max_nesting => limit) if limit
+    opts = merge_dump_options(opts, **kwargs) if kwargs
+    result = generate(obj, opts)
+    if anIO
+      anIO.write result
+      anIO
+    else
+      result
+    end
+  rescue JSON::NestingError
+    raise ArgumentError, "exceed depth limit"
+  end
+
+  # Encodes string using String.encode.
+  def self.iconv(to, from, string)
+    string.encode(to, from)
+  end
+
+  def merge_dump_options(opts, strict: NOT_SET)
+    opts = opts.merge(strict: strict) if NOT_SET != strict
+    opts
+  end
+
+  class << self
+    private :merge_dump_options
+  end
 end
 
 module ::Kernel
+  private
+
   # Outputs _objs_ to STDOUT as JSON strings in the shortest form, that is in
   # one line.
   def j(*objs)
     objs.each do |obj|
-      puts JSON::generate(obj)
+      puts JSON::generate(obj, :allow_nan => true, :max_nesting => false)
     end
     nil
   end
 
-  # Ouputs _objs_ to STDOUT as JSON strings in a pretty format, with
+  # Outputs _objs_ to STDOUT as JSON strings in a pretty format, with
   # indentation and over many lines.
   def jj(*objs)
     objs.each do |obj|
-      puts JSON::pretty_generate(obj)
+      puts JSON::pretty_generate(obj, :allow_nan => true, :max_nesting => false)
     end
     nil
   end
 
-  # If object is string like parse the string and return the parsed result as a
-  # Ruby data structure. Otherwise generate a JSON text from the Ruby data
+  # If _object_ is string-like, parse the string and return the parsed result as
+  # a Ruby data structure. Otherwise, generate a JSON text from the Ruby data
   # structure object and return it.
-  def JSON(object)
+  #
+  # The _opts_ argument is passed through to generate/parse respectively. See
+  # generate and parse for their documentation.
+  def JSON(object, *args)
     if object.respond_to? :to_str
-      JSON.parse(object.to_str)
+      JSON.parse(object.to_str, args.first)
     else
-      JSON.generate(object)
+      JSON.generate(object, args.first)
     end
   end
 end
 
+# Extends any Class to include _json_creatable?_ method.
 class ::Class
-  # Returns true, if this class can be used to create an instance
+  # Returns true if this class can be used to create an instance
   # from a serialised JSON string. The class has to implement a class
-  # method _json_create_ that expects a hash as first parameter, which includes
-  # the required data.
+  # method _json_create_ that expects a hash as first parameter. The hash
+  # should include the required data.
   def json_creatable?
     respond_to?(:json_create)
   end
 end
-  # vim: set et sw=2 ts=2: