jekyll-theme-gaeblogx 0.1.0

data/assets/my-cat.c

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+/*
+ * simple program implementing cat
+ */
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	pid_t my_id;
+	char buffer[4096];
+
+	my_id = getpid();
+	fprintf(stderr,"pid: %d -- I am my-cat and I have started\n",my_id);
+
+	memset(buffer,0,sizeof(buffer));
+
+	while(read(0,buffer,sizeof(buffer)) > 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr,"pid: %d read some data\n",getpid());
+		buffer[4095] = 0; /* safety first */
+		write(1,buffer,strlen(buffer));
+		fprintf(stderr,"pid: %d wrote some data\n",getpid());
+		memset(buffer,0,sizeof(buffer));
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stderr,"pid: %d -- I am my-cat and I am exiting\n",my_id);
+
+	exit(0);
+
+}
+
+

data/assets/pipe-1.c

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+/*
+ * simple program to create and use a pipe
+ */
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	int pipe_desc[2];
+	int err;
+	char *string;
+	char read_buffer[4096];
+
+	err = pipe(pipe_desc);
+	if(err < 0) {
+		printf("error creating pipe\n");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	string = "a string";
+
+	printf("writing %s to pipe_desc[1] which is %d\n",
+			string,pipe_desc[1]);
+
+	write(pipe_desc[1],string,strlen(string));
+
+	memset(read_buffer,0,sizeof(read_buffer));
+	printf("attempting to read pipe_desc[0] which is %d\n",pipe_desc[0]);
+	read(pipe_desc[0], read_buffer, sizeof(read_buffer));
+
+	printf("read %s from pipe_desc[0]\n",read_buffer);
+
+	close(pipe_desc[0]);
+	close(pipe_desc[1]);
+
+	return(0);
+
+}
+
+	
+
+

data/assets/pipe-2.c

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+
+/*
+ * simple program creating a pipe between two processes
+ */
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	pid_t child_id;
+	pid_t my_id;
+	int pipe_desc[2];
+	char *string;
+	char read_buffer[4096];
+	int child_status;
+	int err;
+
+	/*
+	 * create the pipe
+	 */
+	err = pipe(pipe_desc);
+	if(err < 0) {
+		printf("error creating pipe\n");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * then fork
+	 */
+	child_id = fork();
+	if(child_id != 0) {
+		/*
+		 * parent will be the writer
+		 * doesn't need the read end
+		 */
+		my_id = getpid();
+		close(pipe_desc[0]);
+		/*
+		 * send the child a string
+		 */
+		string = "a string made by the parent\n";
+		printf("pid: %d -- writing %s to pipe_desc[1]\n",
+			(int)my_id,
+			string);
+		write(pipe_desc[1],string,strlen(string));
+		/*
+		 * close the pipe to let the read end know we are
+		 * done
+		 */
+		close(pipe_desc[1]);
+		/*
+		 * wait for the child to exit
+		 */
+		wait(&child_status);
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * child reads the read end
+		 */
+		my_id = getpid();
+		/*
+		 * doesn't need the write end
+		 */
+		close(pipe_desc[1]);
+		memset(read_buffer,0,sizeof(read_buffer));
+		read(pipe_desc[0],read_buffer,sizeof(read_buffer));
+		printf("pid: %d -- received %s from parent\n",
+				(int)my_id,
+				read_buffer);
+		close(pipe_desc[0]);
+	}
+
+	printf("pid: %d -- I am exiting\n",my_id);
+	exit(0);
+
+}
+
+

data/assets/pipe-3.c

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+/*
+ * simple program creating a pipe between two processes
+ */
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	pid_t child_id;
+	pid_t my_id;
+	int pipe_desc[2];
+	char *string;
+	char read_buffer[4096];
+	int err;
+
+	/*
+	 * create the pipe
+	 */
+	err = pipe(pipe_desc);
+	if(err < 0) {
+		printf("error creating pipe\n");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * then fork
+	 */
+	child_id = fork();
+	if(child_id != 0) {
+		/*
+		 * parent will be the writer
+		 * doesn't need the read end
+		 */
+		my_id = getpid();
+		close(pipe_desc[0]);
+		/*
+		 * send the child a string
+		 */
+		string = "a string made by the parent\n";
+		printf("pid: %d -- writing %s to pipe_desc[1]\n",
+			(int)my_id,
+			string);
+		write(pipe_desc[1],string,strlen(string));
+		/*
+		 * and another string
+		 */
+		string = "and another string";
+		printf("pid: %d -- writing %s to pipe_desc[1]\n",
+			(int)my_id,
+			string);
+		write(pipe_desc[1],string,strlen(string));
+		/*
+		 * close the pipe to let the read end know we are
+		 * done
+		 */
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * child will read until pipe closes
+		 * close the write end
+		 */
+		my_id = getpid();
+		close(pipe_desc[1]);
+		memset(read_buffer,0,sizeof(read_buffer));
+		while(read(pipe_desc[0],read_buffer,sizeof(read_buffer))) {
+			printf("pid: %d -- received %s from parent\n",
+				(int)my_id,
+				read_buffer);
+			memset(read_buffer,0,sizeof(read_buffer));
+		}
+		printf("pid: %d -- child detects write end closed\n",
+			(int)my_id);
+		close(pipe_desc[0]);
+	}
+
+	printf("pid: %d -- I am exiting\n",my_id);
+	exit(0);
+
+}
+
+

data/assets/pipe-4.c

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+
+/*
+ * simple program creating a pipe between a set of processes
+ * that read and write stdin and stdout
+ * first child get stdin of parent
+ * last child gets stdout of parent
+ */
+int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp)
+{
+	pid_t child_id;
+	int child_status;
+	int pipe_desc[2];
+	char read_buffer[4096];
+	int err;
+	char file_name[4096];
+	int proc_count;
+	int i;
+	int last_stdout;
+
+	if(argc < 3) {
+		printf("usage: pipe-4 executable-file number-of-procs\n");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * get the arguments
+	 */
+	memset(file_name,0,sizeof(file_name));
+	strncpy(file_name,argv[1],sizeof(file_name));
+	proc_count = atoi(argv[2]);
+
+	/*
+	 * save the parent stdout for the last child
+	 */
+	last_stdout = dup(1);
+
+	/*
+	 * create pipes, fork and exec the processes
+	 */
+	for(i=0; i < proc_count; i++) {
+		/*
+	 	 * create the pipe
+	 	 */
+		err = pipe(pipe_desc);
+		if(err < 0) {
+			printf("error creating pipe\n");
+			exit(1);
+		}
+
+		/*
+	 	 * then fork
+	 	 */
+		child_id = fork();
+		if(child_id == 0) {
+			/*
+			 * child closes standard out
+			 */
+			close(1);
+			/*
+			 * child dups the write end of the pipe
+			 * if it is not the last child, otherwise
+			 * it dups the last_stdout it got from the parent
+			 * the closed stdout will be chosen as the
+			 * target
+			 */
+			if(i < (proc_count - 1)) {
+				dup2(pipe_desc[1],1);
+			} else {
+				dup2(last_stdout,1);
+				close(pipe_desc[1]);
+			}
+			/*
+		 	 * child runs the program
+		 	 */
+			err = execve(file_name,&argv[1],envp);
+			printf("parent error: %s didn't exec\n",
+				file_name);
+			exit(1);
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * parent closes standard in
+			 */
+			close(0);
+			/*
+			 * parent dups the read end of the pipe for the
+			 * next child
+			 */
+			if(i < (proc_count - 1)) {
+				dup2(pipe_desc[0],0);
+			}
+			close(pipe_desc[0]);
+			close(pipe_desc[1]);
+		}
+	}
+
+	close(1);
+	dup2(last_stdout,1);
+	/*
+	 * parent now waits for the children to exit
+	 */
+	for(i=0; i < proc_count; i++) {
+		child_id = wait(&child_status);
+	}
+		
+
+	exit(0);
+
+}
+
+

data/assets/race1.c

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+ * CS170: race1.c
+ * adapted from code by Jim Plank
+ */
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+typedef struct {
+	int id; 
+	int size;
+	int iterations;
+	char *s;
+} Thread_struct;
+
+void *infloop(void *x)
+{
+	int i, j;
+	Thread_struct *t;
+ 
+	t = (Thread_struct *) x;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < t->iterations; i++) 
+	{
+		for (j = 0; j < t->size-1; j++) 
+		{
+			t->s[j] = 'A'+t->id;
+    		}
+		t->s[j] = '\0';
+		printf("Thread %d: %s\n", t->id, t->s);
+	}
+
+	pthread_exit(NULL);
+}
+
+int
+main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	pthread_t *tid;
+	Thread_struct *t;
+	void *retval;
+	int nthreads, size, iterations, i;
+	char *s;
+
+	if (argc != 4) 
+	{
+		fprintf(stderr, "usage: race nthreads stringsize iterations\n");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	nthreads = atoi(argv[1]);
+	size = atoi(argv[2])+1;
+	iterations = atoi(argv[3]);
+
+	tid = (pthread_t *) malloc(sizeof(pthread_t) * nthreads);
+	t = (Thread_struct *) malloc(sizeof(Thread_struct) * nthreads);
+	s = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char) * size);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nthreads; i++) 
+	{
+		t[i].id = i;
+		t[i].size = size;
+		t[i].iterations = iterations;
+		t[i].s = s;
+		pthread_create(&(tid[i]), NULL, infloop, &(t[i]));
+  	}
+	for (i = 0; i < nthreads; i++) 
+	{
+		pthread_join(tid[i], &retval);
+	}
+
+	return(0);
+}

data/assets/race2.c

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * CS170: race2.c
+ * adapted from code by Jim Plank
+ */
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+typedef struct {
+	int id; 
+	int size;
+	int iterations;
+	char *s;
+} Thread_struct;
+
+void *infloop(void *x)
+{
+	int i, j, k;
+	Thread_struct *t;
+ 
+	t = (Thread_struct *) x;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < t->iterations; i++) 
+	{
+		for (j = 0; j < t->size-1; j++) 
+		{
+			t->s[j] = 'A'+t->id;
+			/* needed because machines are so darn fast */
+			for(k=0; k < 80000; k++); 
+    		}
+		t->s[j] = '\0';
+		printf("Thread %d: %s\n", t->id, t->s);
+	}
+
+	pthread_exit(NULL);
+}
+
+int
+main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	pthread_t *tid;
+	Thread_struct *t;
+	void *retval;
+	int nthreads, size, iterations, i;
+	char *s;
+
+	if (argc != 4) 
+	{
+		fprintf(stderr, "usage: race nthreads stringsize iterations\n");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	nthreads = atoi(argv[1]);
+	size = atoi(argv[2])+1;
+	iterations = atoi(argv[3]);
+
+	tid = (pthread_t *) malloc(sizeof(pthread_t) * nthreads);
+	t = (Thread_struct *) malloc(sizeof(Thread_struct) * nthreads);
+	s = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char) * size);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nthreads; i++) 
+	{
+		t[i].id = i;
+		t[i].size = size;
+		t[i].iterations = iterations;
+		t[i].s = s;
+		pthread_create(&(tid[i]), NULL, infloop, &(t[i]));
+  	}
+	for (i = 0; i < nthreads; i++) 
+	{
+		pthread_join(tid[i], &retval);
+	}
+
+	return(0);
+}