j1-template 2021.0.4 → 2021.0.9

data/lib/starter_web/collections/posts/public/featured/_posts/_includes/documents/unsplash-badge.asciidoc

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-++++
-<a style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);color:white;text-decoration:none;padding:4px 6px;font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;San Francisco&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Ubuntu, Roboto, Noto, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.2;display:inline-block;border-radius:3px" href="https://unsplash.com/@bel2000a?utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=photographer-credit&amp;utm_content=creditBadge" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" title="Download free do whatever you want high-resolution photos from Belinda Fewings">
-  <span style="display:inline-block;padding:2px 3px">
-    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="height:12px;width:auto;position:relative;vertical-align:middle;top:-2px;fill:white" viewBox="0 0 32 32">
-      <title>unsplash-logo</title>
-      <path d="M10 9V0h12v9H10zm12 5h10v18H0V14h10v9h12v-9z"></path>
-    </svg>
-  </span>
-  <span style="display:inline-block;padding:2px 3px">Belinda Fewings</span>
-</a>
-++++
-
-++++
-<div class="attic__badge">
-  <a class="attic__badge_unsplash"
-    href="https://unsplash.com/@bel2000a?utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=photographer-credit&amp;utm_content=creditBadge"
-    target="_blank"
-    rel="noopener noreferrer"
-    title="Download free do whatever you want high-resolution photos from Belinda Fewings">
-    <span class="attic__badge_unsplash_icon">
-      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
-    	  class="attic__badge_unsplash_icon-size"
-        viewBox="0 0 32 32">
-        <title>unsplash-logo</title>
-        <path d="M10 9V0h12v9H10zm12 5h10v18H0V14h10v9h12v-9z"></path>
-      </svg>
-    </span>
-    <span class="attic__badge_unsplash_text">Belinda Fewings</span>
-  </a>
-</div>
-++++

data/lib/starter_web/collections/posts/public/series/_posts/_includes/documents/100-docker-using-shared-folders.asciidoc

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-[[readmore]]
-== Docker smooth on Windows
-
-[role="mb-3"]
-image::{page-imagesdir}/windows_docker_banner.1280x500.png[{{page.title}}]
-
-In general, two incarnations of Docker for Windows are available:
-
-* Legacy solution: *Docker Toolbox*
-* Native solution: *Docker for Windows*
-
-Before the native version of Docker *Docker for Windows* was available,
-a *cross-platform* solution called *Docker Toolbox* could be used.
-*Docker Toolbox* is a bundle of *current* Docker software based on
-*Docker Machine* combined with the *Docker Engine* bundled with
-*VirtualBox* as a Hypervisor to run Linux boxes as virtual machines
-on Windows.
-
-What the Docker team recomments: Update to the newer package, if possible.
-This should be discussed, especially for Windows, in more detail ...
-
-[WARNING]
-====
-*The Docker Team mentions the following about Docker Toolbox:*
-
-Docker Toolbox is for *older Windows* systems (or *Apple MacOS* versions)
-that *does not meet* the requirements of the *native* Docker version.
-====
-
-Docker won't never run *natively* on Windows. The *Container Technology*
-used by Docker depends on *Linux* (at least on a Unix flavour of the host
-operating system). For all non-Linux (or Unix) platforms, a *Hypervisor* is
-needed to make it possible to run the needed *Linux OS* for Docker.
-
-Yes, Windows support a *native* Hypervisor layer: `Hyper-V`. Using the Windows
-component `Hyper-V`, any operating system can be run as *virtual machines* on
-Windows. But it should be kept in mind: the Hypervisor layer is *always* needed;
-as well as for the so-called the *native* Docker version on Windows. But:
-real *native* Docker versions does *not* need a Hypervisor layer; they run
-containers direcly on the host OS! This should be kept on mind.
-
-They are some pittfals using *Docker for Windows* if you go for:
-
-* Stability - found quite often issues running containers on *Docker for Windows*.
-If you're  not a Windows specialist, it is hard to findout issues for `Hyper-V`
-, the VM and|or both.
-* Flexibility - it is *NOT* possible to use the Hypervisor `Hyper-V` in
-parallel to *VirtualBox* as an alternative
-* Incompatibility - on some Windows installations, and for sure they met the
-requirements of the *native* Docker version, the installaton was *NOT*
-successful and Docker fails to start
-
-Again: the software included in the *Docker Toolbox* are *current* versions.
-The latest Toolbox contains:
-
-* the Docker Engine Docker, version 18.03.0-ce, build 0520e24302
-* the Docker Machine, version 0.14.0, build 89b8332
-* the Docker Composer, version 1.20.1, build 5d8c71b2
-* a current MINGW64-based GNU bash, version 4.4.19(2)-release (x86_64-pc-msys)
-
-For all the people having their (IT) roots on Unix respectively Linux, the
-*Docker Toolbox* is the better solution on Windows (for now). No need to go
-for the Windows Hypervisor `Hyper-V` - Oracle *VirtualBox* can be used
-instead; as quite often used for testing and development.
-
-Let's have a look how to *Manage Linux on Windows*, to use Docker on the
-Windows platform.
-
-== Installing Docker Toolbox
-
-As discussed ealier, *Docker Toolbox* is using *VirtualBox* for the
-Hypervisor to create the Linux VMs needed. To get the latest version,
-install VirtualBox first (Docker Toolbox includes a installer package
-for VBox but not nessesarily at their latets version).
-
-Go for the link:{virtualbox-install-on-windows}[VirtualBox Download Page]
-and select under *VirtualBox 5.x.y platform packages* the latest version
-for Windows (Windows hosts). Install the package - the installation process
-is quite simple supported by an build in installer wizard.
-
-If done, go for the installation of the Toolbox. A current package can be
-retrieved from link:{docker-install-toolbox-on-windows}[Docker Documents].
-The page includes all the info needed to install the software.
-
-NOTE: For the installation of the *Docker Toolbox*, please deselect the
-installation of *VirtualBox* included as the software has been already
-installed.
-
-NOTE: The commandline interface used by *Docker Toolbox* is based on
-*Git MSYS-git UNIX tools*. If you have *Git* installed already for your
-Windows host, please deselect the installation of *Git* included.
-
-*Docker Toolbox* comes with *NO* graphical user interface (GUI). To manage
-Docker, the included GNU bash of the *Git MSYS-git UNIX tools* shoud be used.
-A very first version of a (native) Docker UI on Windows is *Kitematic*,
-currently in a alpha version included.
-
-ifdef::backend-html5[]
-.Docker UI Kinematic on Windows
-lightbox::docker-windows-kinematic-alpha[ 800, {docker-windows-kinematic-alpha-data} ]
-endif::[]
-
-TIP: You should check *Kitematic*. If started for *Docker Toolbox* on Windows,
-change (the Hypervisor) to Virtualbox.
-
-For Windows users a commandline interface to manage a complex system like
-Docker may sound a bit stone age. It's not for good reasons:
-
-* the knowlegde of the base Docker commands is essential to understand the
-Container Technology better
-
-* Blalal blaaa
-
-
-
-== Manage Linux on Windows
-
-VirtualBox is a greate piece of software for desktop and workstation
-virtualization. A huge number of IT specialist and developers are using VB
-for: testing and development environments. Sometimes for production
-environments – if it's applicable.
-
-One good idea for VirtualBox is, if you are Web|App developer for Linux you
-can keep *Windows* as your primary OS - yeah, yeah those people are living on
-our planet! One can install a Linux distribution of choice in VirtualBox VM
-and reap both benefits of Windows as primary OS and Linux as a server
-platform for good reasons.
-
-=== Create a Linux VM
-
-lorem:sentences[5]
-
-lorem:sentences[3]
-
-
-=== Sharing Data
-
-For (real) native Docker installations, it is easy to share data between then
-host OS and containers managed by Docker. It is simple this:
-
-[source, sh]
-----
-docker run --rm \
-  --volume=$PWD:/srv/jekyll \
-  -p 35729:35729 -p 40000:40000 \
-  -it jekyll-one/j1:latest \
-  j1 serve --incremental --livereload
-----
-
-The container, instructed by `--volume=$PWD:/srv/jekyll` shares the
-filesystem of the host - the *native* way to bring in data into a
-container for processing. In the example a static Jekyll Web is created
-by J1 Template (j1), served by the ports 35729 for livereload and 40000
-serving the web.
-
-For the Windows platform, using a virtual Linux Box for Docker containers,
-this is *NOT* possible. The virtual system is managed by Virtualbox and no
-direct relationship is in between the VBox and the host operating system
-Windows! No (direct) access to the host filesystem is possible. Bad luck so
-far.
-
-Generally spoken, there are 3 ways of sharing files between a Windows host
-and Linux guest boxes; keep files:
-
-* in the guest (Linux) and share them with host through Samba
-* on host (Windows) and use VirtualBox *Shared Folders*
-* on host (Windows) and mount Windows *Public Folders* via CIFS
-from within guest (Linux)
-
-For all people experienced on the Linux platform, the first option is
-probably the easiest. But it has it’s drawbacks. In most cases for testing,
-it's *NOT* wanted to keep files in a VM. In case of corruption of the VM,
-reinstallation needs, or whatever yor data is *lost* in most cases. Truly,
-not an option.
-
-Typically developers want them kept on native Windows *disks* as they are
-expected as more safely stored on physical devices and easier to backup.
-So first option is clearly out.
-
-*Shared Folders* are really a great idea. After installing the *VirtualBox
-Guest Additions* (which brings the mount.vboxsf binary and vboxsf kernel
-module) the guest can mount automatically a Windows OS folder inside the VM.
-Some klicks further the guest start's, mount the *shared folder* in guest and
-voila: you're done! Sounds really great.
-
-But there's a catch – performance. Shared Folders are really, really horrible
-slow. Which in turn kills the idea of programming and testing code without
-loosing hair because of the slowness. You can find tons of articles around
-slow shared folders on the Internet; both for the Big Dogs: VMware and
-VirtualBox. But no solution. Since decades.
-
-Analyzing the performance, it's obvious that kernel spends really large
-amount of time in IO mode – so the vboxsf CIFS emulation of VirtualBoxis
-behaving something like a slug. Birds love slugs but IT professionals don’t
-like that, do they?
-
-It seems that the only viable solution is sharing folders though Windows and
-mounting them via CIFS on the guest, the virtual Linux box. This way, a
-similiar flexible solution for sharing folders can be achived but at a much
-better performance.
-
-
-=== Performance tests
-
-Anyway, *shared folders* will be always slow as the are of type *NAS* - network
-attached storage. For a local network nowadays, typically at Gigabit level and
-quite low in latency, an acceptable performance cab be achived.
-
-I did some simple tests to show the performance differences. There are three
-directories I did for my tests:
-
-* /mnt/media/repo1, data on a physical (local) disk on the host
-* /mnt/media/repo2, data on a physical (local) disk in the guest
-* /mnt/media/repo3, data on a Windows share mounted via cifs in the guest
-
-I've been using simple (bash) script based on *dd* commands for testing.
-The *dd* commands used as a base are shown below. For sure not a quite
-sophisticated test scenario but it's giving a general impression what can
-achived in real world.
-
-NOTE: For multi-platform testing, on Windows the `dd` command is used as well.
-For *Docker Toolbox*, beside the GNU bash, a full set of *GNU CoreUtils* are
-available as well (accessible out of the *Docker Quickstart Terminal*). The
-used (bash) test script needs to be run out of *Docker Quickstart Terminal*.
-Download the tester script from here.
-
-The test script *docker_perf_test.sh* supports a test scenario for
-*General System Performance*. This is focussing on pure CPU|Memory power.
-On both systems (host and guest) these tests are using pure *kernel services*
-for creating input and output data. One is creating random input data as
-fast as possible, the other discards everything it gets as fast as it can.
-
-.General System Performance
-[source, sh]
-----
-dd if=/dev/urandom of=/dev/null bs=1M count=10000
-----
-
-Please see those tests for *General System Performance* for the background
-*What could be achived in therory*. These tests may helpful to compare your
-current setup for the host and the guest same way.
-
-As mentioned, all tests for *docker_perf_test.sh* are based on the `dd`
-command. For *real world* measures, standard *dd tests* are used. You'll
-find a lot of those on the Internet. All tests for *docker_perf_test.sh* are
-changed (from `/dev/zero`) to `/dev/urandom` for the input to put some
-*pressure* on the CPU while processing data for reading or writing from the
-filesystem to be checked. All the tests are *rules of thumb*, no technical
-measures.
-
-NOTE: Zum Messen der Schreibperformance liest man die zu Schreibenden
-Daten am besten aus /dev/zero und schreibt eine normale Datei im Filesystem
-(z.B. mit of=/root/testfile). Die folgenden Beispiele verwenden ein Testdatei,
-um irrtümlichen Datenverlust zu vermeiden. Die dabei erzielbare Performance
-Werte sind etwas geringer (da dadurch auch Metadaten im Filesystem geschrieben
-werden).
-
-Find the base `dd` commands for read an write performance tests below. The
-exported shared folder on Windows is *C:\Users\Public* mapped to the Unix
-(POSIX) folder scheme of */c/Users/Public* on the guest OS.
-
-.Write Performance - Windows host (local disk), Linux guest (shared disk)
-[source, sh]
-----
-dd if=/dev/urandom bs=1M count=1024 | split -b 1M - name.
-----
-.Write Performance (local disk), Linux guest
-[source, sh]
-----
-dd if=/dev/urandom of=/var/tmp/test/samplefile bs=1M count=1024
-----
-
-.Read Performance - Windows host (local disk), Linux guest (shared disk)
-[source, sh]
-----
-dd if=/c/Users/Public/test/samplefile of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1024 iflag=direct
-----
-.Read Performance (local disk), Linux guest
-[source, sh]
-----
-dd if=/var/tmp/test/samplefile of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1024 iflag=direct
-----
-
-Have a look at the table below for the measures found on a *Windows 10*
-desktop host (Intel Core Quad Q9550) using a *SATA-300* disk for the local
-physical disk and a Gigabit network interface (*Realtek PCIe GBE* familiy)
-running a *CentOS 7 Linux* (version 3.10.0-862) as a guest:
-
-.Data transfer rates for 1 GB of data
-[cols="2,2,4,3, options="header", role="table-responsive, full-width"]
-|===============================================================================
-|direction |mountpoint |source |througput [MB/s]
-
-|`read`
-|/mnt/media/repo1
-|physical (local) disk on the *host*
-|85.20
-
-|`read`
-|/mnt/media/repo2
-|physical (local) disk on the *guest*
-|147.00
-
-|`read`
-|/mnt/media/repo3
-|shared disk on the *guest*
-|30.3
-
-|`write`
-|/mnt/media/repo1
-|physical (local) disk on the *host*
-|234.00
-
-|`write`
-|/mnt/media/repo2
-|physical (local) disk on the *guest*
-|34.00
-
-|`write`
-|/mnt/media/repo3
-|shared disk on the *guest*
-|39.9
-
-|===============================================================================
-
-WARNING: Bei Verwendung von if=/dev/zero und bs=1G benötigt das Linuxsystem
-1GB freien Platz im RAM. Falls Ihr Testsystem nicht ausreichend RAM ...
-
-NOTE: Um praxisnahe Ergebnisse zu erhalten empfehlen wir die beschrieben Tests
-mehrmals (z.B. 3 bis 10x) durchzuführen. Damit können Sie Ausreißer rechtzeitig
-erkennen.
-
-
-lorem:sentences[5]
-
-== Publish a Shared Folder
-
-lorem:sentences[5]
-
-lorem:sentences[3]
-
-
-== Mount Shared Folders on Linux
-
-lorem:sentences[5]
-
-=== Installing CIFS
-
-For the Linux VM, a current Ubunt Server of version 18.06 is used. To mount
-CIFS shares, the package `cifs-utils` needs to be installed:
-
-[source, bash]
-----
-sudo apt-get -y install cifs-utils
-----
-
-Mounting filesystems in general, therefor the same to the CIFS share, are
-done as root. This ends up in the situation this folder cannot (accessed??)
-written as normal user.
-
-. Create the `cifs` group
-+
-[source, bash]
-----
-sudo groupadd cifs
-----
-
-[start=2]
-.  Add your user to the `cifs` group
-+
-[source, bash]
-----
-sudo usermod -aG cifs $USER
-----
-
-[start=3]
-.  Create the mountpoint (to be used by Docker) as root
-+
-[source, bash]
-----
-mkdir -p /c/Users/Public
-----
-
-[start=4]
-.  Change the ownership of the mountpoint
-+
-[source, bash]
-----
-chown -R root:cifs  /c/Users/Public
-----
-
-[start=5]
-.  Create a credentials file to place user|password data safe.
-+
-[source, bash]
-----
-touch ~/.smbcredentials
-----
-
-.smbcredentials
-----
-username=<your_windows_user>
-password=<windows_user_password>
-----
-
-=== Mount the share manually
-
-To enable non-authorized users to read and write the shared files, specify
-user and group ID that the mounted shares folders should use. This would
-allow particular users and group members to read|write to the share.
-
-To do so, the following options are used for a public mount:
-
-* username
-* password
-* uid
-* gid
-
-Add the Windows host IP address to the hosts file
-
-./etc/hosts
-<ip_v4_address>  <name_of_the windows_box>  <alias_name>
-
-
-=== Mount the share at boot-time
-
-lorem:sentences[3]
-
-./etc/fstab
-&#47;&#47;win10pc/Public /c/Users/Public cifs uid=1000,gid=5555,credentials=/home/jadams/.smbcredentials,iocharset=utf8,rw  0 0