isomorfeus-iodine 0.7.45 → 0.7.48

data/ext/iodine/iodine_caller.c

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 static pthread_key_t iodine_GVL_state_key;
 static pthread_once_t iodine_GVL_state_once = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;
 static void init_iodine_GVL_state_key(void) {
-  pthread_key_create(&iodine_GVL_state_key, NULL); 
+  pthread_key_create(&iodine_GVL_state_key, NULL);
 }
 static void init_iodine_GVL_state_init(void) {
   uint8_t *gvl = malloc(sizeof(uint8_t));
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ typedef struct {
   ID method;
   int exception;
   VALUE (*protected_task)(VALUE tsk_);
-  VALUE (*each_func)(VALUE block_arg, VALUE data, int argc, VALUE *argv);
+  rb_block_call_func_t each_func;
   VALUE each_udata;
 } iodine_rb_task_s;
 
@@ -158,9 +158,7 @@ static VALUE iodine_call2(VALUE obj, ID method, int argc, VALUE *argv) {
 
 /** Calls a Ruby method on a given object, protecting against exceptions. */
 static VALUE iodine_call_block(VALUE obj, ID method, int argc, VALUE *argv,
-                               VALUE udata,
-                               VALUE(each_func)(VALUE block_arg, VALUE udata,
-                                                int argc, VALUE *argv)) {
+                               VALUE udata, rb_block_call_func_t each_func) {
   iodine_rb_task_s task = {
       .obj = obj,
       .argc = argc,
@@ -186,7 +184,7 @@ static uint8_t iodine_in_GVL(void) {
 }
 
 /** Forces the GVL state flag. */
-static void iodine_set_GVL(uint8_t state) { 
+static void iodine_set_GVL(uint8_t state) {
   pthread_once(&iodine_GVL_state_once, init_iodine_GVL_state_key);
   uint8_t *iodine_GVL_state = pthread_getspecific(iodine_GVL_state_key);
   if (!iodine_GVL_state) {

data/ext/iodine/iodine_caller.h

@@ -1,27 +1,26 @@
-#ifndef H_IODINE_CALLER_H
-#define H_IODINE_CALLER_H
-
-#include "ruby.h"
-
-#include <stdint.h>
-
-extern struct IodineCaller_s {
-  /** Calls a C function within the GVL (unprotected). */
-  void *(*enterGVL)(void *(*func)(void *), void *arg);
-  /** Calls a C function outside the GVL (no Ruby API calls allowed). */
-  void *(*leaveGVL)(void *(*func)(void *), void *arg);
-  /** Calls a Ruby method on a given object, protecting against exceptions. */
-  VALUE (*call)(VALUE obj, ID method);
-  /** Calls a Ruby method on a given object, protecting against exceptions. */
-  VALUE (*call2)(VALUE obj, ID method, int argc, VALUE *argv);
-  /** Calls a Ruby method on a given object, protecting against exceptions. */
-  VALUE(*call_with_block)
-  (VALUE obj, ID method, int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE udata,
-   VALUE (*block_func)(VALUE block_argv1, VALUE udata, int argc, VALUE *argv));
-  /** Returns the GVL state flag. */
-  uint8_t (*in_GVL)(void);
-  /** Forces the GVL state flag. */
-  void (*set_GVL)(uint8_t state);
-} IodineCaller;
-
-#endif
+#ifndef H_IODINE_CALLER_H
+#define H_IODINE_CALLER_H
+
+#include "ruby.h"
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+extern struct IodineCaller_s {
+  /** Calls a C function within the GVL (unprotected). */
+  void *(*enterGVL)(void *(*func)(void *), void *arg);
+  /** Calls a C function outside the GVL (no Ruby API calls allowed). */
+  void *(*leaveGVL)(void *(*func)(void *), void *arg);
+  /** Calls a Ruby method on a given object, protecting against exceptions. */
+  VALUE (*call)(VALUE obj, ID method);
+  /** Calls a Ruby method on a given object, protecting against exceptions. */
+  VALUE (*call2)(VALUE obj, ID method, int argc, VALUE *argv);
+  /** Calls a Ruby method on a given object, protecting against exceptions. */
+  VALUE(*call_with_block)
+  (VALUE obj, ID method, int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE udata, rb_block_call_func_t block_func);
+  /** Returns the GVL state flag. */
+  uint8_t (*in_GVL)(void);
+  /** Forces the GVL state flag. */
+  void (*set_GVL)(uint8_t state);
+} IodineCaller;
+
+#endif

data/ext/iodine/iodine_connection.c

@@ -900,7 +900,7 @@ void iodine_connection_init(void) {
   IodineStore.add(RAWSymbol);
 
   // define the Connection Class and it's methods
-  ConnectionKlass = rb_define_class_under(IodineModule, "Connection", rb_cData);
+  ConnectionKlass = rb_define_class_under(IodineModule, "Connection", rb_cObject);
   rb_define_alloc_func(ConnectionKlass, iodine_connection_data_alloc_c);
   rb_define_method(ConnectionKlass, "write", iodine_connection_write, 1);
   rb_define_method(ConnectionKlass, "close", iodine_connection_close, 0);

data/ext/iodine/iodine_helpers.c

@@ -1,282 +1,282 @@
-/*
-Copyright: Boaz segev, 2016-2017
-License: MIT
-
-Feel free to copy, use and enjoy according to the license provided.
-*/
-#include "iodine.h"
-
-#include "http.h"
-#include <ruby/encoding.h>
-
-/*
-Add all sorts of useless stuff here.
-*/
-
-static ID iodine_to_i_func_id;
-static rb_encoding *IodineUTF8Encoding;
-
-/* *****************************************************************************
-URL Decoding
-***************************************************************************** */
-/**
-Decodes a URL encoded String in place.
-
-Raises an exception on error... but this might result in a partially decoded
-String.
-*/
-static VALUE url_decode_inplace(VALUE self, VALUE str) {
-  Check_Type(str, T_STRING);
-  ssize_t len =
-      http_decode_url(RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
-  if (len < 0)
-    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Malformed URL string - couldn't decode (String "
-                               "might have been partially altered).");
-  rb_str_set_len(str, len);
-  return str;
-  (void)self;
-}
-
-/**
-Decodes a URL encoded String, returning a new String with the decoded data.
-*/
-static VALUE url_decode(VALUE self, VALUE str) {
-  Check_Type(str, T_STRING);
-  VALUE str2 = rb_str_buf_new(RSTRING_LEN(str));
-  ssize_t len =
-      http_decode_url(RSTRING_PTR(str2), RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
-  if (len < 0)
-    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Malformed URL string - couldn't decode.");
-  rb_str_set_len(str2, len);
-  return str2;
-  (void)self;
-}
-
-/**
-Decodes a percent encoded String (normally the "path" of a request), editing the
-String in place.
-
-Raises an exception on error... but this might result in a partially decoded
-String.
-*/
-static VALUE path_decode_inplace(VALUE self, VALUE str) {
-  Check_Type(str, T_STRING);
-  ssize_t len =
-      http_decode_path(RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
-  if (len < 0)
-    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError,
-             "Malformed URL path string - couldn't decode (String "
-             "might have been partially altered).");
-  rb_str_set_len(str, len);
-  return str;
-  (void)self;
-}
-
-/**
-Decodes a percent encoded String (normally the "path" of a request), returning a
-new String with the decoded data.
-*/
-static VALUE path_decode(VALUE self, VALUE str) {
-  Check_Type(str, T_STRING);
-  VALUE str2 = rb_str_buf_new(RSTRING_LEN(str));
-  ssize_t len =
-      http_decode_path(RSTRING_PTR(str2), RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
-  if (len < 0)
-    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Malformed URL path string - couldn't decode.");
-  rb_str_set_len(str2, len);
-  return str2;
-  (void)self;
-}
-
-/**
-Decodes a URL encoded String, returning a new String with the decoded data.
-
-This variation matches the Rack::Utils.unescape signature by accepting and
-mostly ignoring an optional Encoding argument.
-*/
-static VALUE unescape(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self) {
-  if (argc < 1 || argc > 2)
-    rb_raise(rb_eArgError,
-             "wrong number of arguments (given %d, expected 1..2).", argc);
-  VALUE str = argv[0];
-  Check_Type(str, T_STRING);
-  VALUE str2 = rb_str_buf_new(RSTRING_LEN(str));
-  ssize_t len =
-      http_decode_url(RSTRING_PTR(str2), RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
-  if (len < 0)
-    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Malformed URL path string - couldn't decode.");
-  rb_str_set_len(str2, len);
-  rb_encoding *enc = IodineUTF8Encoding;
-  if (argc == 2 && argv[1] != Qnil && argv[1] != Qfalse) {
-    enc = rb_enc_get(argv[1]);
-    if (!enc)
-      enc = IodineUTF8Encoding;
-  }
-  rb_enc_associate(str2, enc);
-  return str2;
-  (void)self;
-}
-
-/* *****************************************************************************
-HTTP Dates
-***************************************************************************** */
-
-/**
-Takes an optional Integer for Unix Time and returns a faster (though less
-localized) HTTP Date formatted String.
-
-
-        Iodine::Rack.time2str => "Sun, 11 Jun 2017 06:14:08 GMT"
-
-        Iodine::Rack.time2str(Time.now.to_i) => "Wed, 15 Nov 1995 06:25:24 GMT"
-
-Since Iodine uses time caching within it's reactor, using the default value
-(now) will be faster than providing an explicit time using `Time.now.to_i`.
-
-*/
-static VALUE date_str(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self) {
-  if (argc > 1)
-    rb_raise(rb_eArgError,
-             "wrong number of arguments (given %d, expected 0..1).", argc);
-  time_t last_tick;
-  if (argc) {
-    if (TYPE(argv[0]) != T_FIXNUM)
-      argv[0] = rb_funcallv(argv[0], iodine_to_i_func_id, 0, NULL);
-    Check_Type(argv[0], T_FIXNUM);
-    last_tick =
-        FIX2ULONG(argv[0]) ? FIX2ULONG(argv[0]) : fio_last_tick().tv_sec;
-  } else
-    last_tick = fio_last_tick().tv_sec;
-  VALUE str = rb_str_buf_new(32);
-  struct tm tm;
-
-  http_gmtime(last_tick, &tm);
-  size_t len = http_date2str(RSTRING_PTR(str), &tm);
-  rb_str_set_len(str, len);
-  return str;
-  (void)self;
-}
-
-/**
-Takes `time` and returns a faster (though less localized) HTTP Date formatted
-String.
-
-
-        Iodine::Rack.rfc2822(Time.now) => "Sun, 11 Jun 2017 06:14:08 -0000"
-
-        Iodine::Rack.rfc2822(0)      => "Sun, 11 Jun 2017 06:14:08 -0000"
-
-Since Iodine uses time caching within it's reactor, using the default value
-(by passing 0) will be faster than providing an explicit time using `Time.now`.
-*/
-static VALUE iodine_rfc2822(VALUE self, VALUE rtm) {
-  time_t last_tick;
-  rtm = rb_funcallv(rtm, iodine_to_i_func_id, 0, NULL);
-  last_tick = FIX2ULONG(rtm) ? FIX2ULONG(rtm) : fio_last_tick().tv_sec;
-  VALUE str = rb_str_buf_new(34);
-  struct tm tm;
-
-  http_gmtime(last_tick, &tm);
-  size_t len = http_date2rfc2822(RSTRING_PTR(str), &tm);
-  rb_str_set_len(str, len);
-  return str;
-  (void)self;
-}
-
-/**
-Takes `time` and returns a faster (though less localized) HTTP Date formatted
-String.
-
-
-        Iodine::Rack.rfc2109(Time.now) => "Sun, 11-Jun-2017 06:14:08 GMT"
-
-        Iodine::Rack.rfc2109(0)      => "Sun, 11-Jun-2017 06:14:08 GMT"
-
-Since Iodine uses time caching within it's reactor, using the default value
-(by passing 0) will be faster than providing an explicit time using `Time.now`.
-*/
-static VALUE iodine_rfc2109(VALUE self, VALUE rtm) {
-  time_t last_tick;
-  rtm = rb_funcallv(rtm, iodine_to_i_func_id, 0, NULL);
-  last_tick = FIX2ULONG(rtm) ? FIX2ULONG(rtm) : fio_last_tick().tv_sec;
-  VALUE str = rb_str_buf_new(32);
-  struct tm tm;
-
-  http_gmtime(last_tick, &tm);
-  size_t len = http_date2rfc2109(RSTRING_PTR(str), &tm);
-  rb_str_set_len(str, len);
-  return str;
-  (void)self;
-}
-
-/* *****************************************************************************
-Ruby Initialization
-***************************************************************************** */
-
-void iodine_init_helpers(void) {
-  iodine_to_i_func_id = rb_intern("to_i");
-  IodineUTF8Encoding = rb_enc_find("UTF-8");
-  VALUE tmp = rb_define_module_under(IodineModule, "Rack");
-  // clang-format off
-  /*
-Iodine does NOT monkey patch Rack automatically. However, it's possible and recommended to moneky patch Rack::Utils to use the methods in this module.
-
-Choosing to monkey patch Rack::Utils could offer significant performance gains for some applications. i.e. (on my machine):
-
-      require 'iodine'
-      require 'rack'
-      # a String in need of decoding
-      s = '%E3%83%AB%E3%83%93%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%81%A8'
-      Benchmark.bm do |bm|
-        # Pre-Patch
-        bm.report("   Rack.unescape")    {1_000_000.times { Rack::Utils.unescape s } }
-        bm.report("    Rack.rfc2822")    {1_000_000.times { Rack::Utils.rfc2822(Time.now) } }
-        bm.report("    Rack.rfc2109")    {1_000_000.times { Rack::Utils.rfc2109(Time.now) } }
-        # Perform Patch
-        Iodine.patch_rack
-        puts "            --- Monkey Patching Rack ---"
-        # Post Patch
-        bm.report("Patched.unescape")    {1_000_000.times { Rack::Utils.unescape s } }
-        bm.report(" Patched.rfc2822")    {1_000_000.times { Rack::Utils.rfc2822(Time.now) } }
-        bm.report(" Patched.rfc2109")    {1_000_000.times { Rack::Utils.rfc2109(Time.now) } }
-      end && nil
-
-Results:
-        user     system      total        real
-        Rack.unescape  8.706881   0.019995   8.726876 (  8.740530)
-        Rack.rfc2822  3.270305   0.007519   3.277824 (  3.279416)
-        Rack.rfc2109  3.152188   0.003852   3.156040 (  3.157975)
-                   --- Monkey Patching Rack ---
-        Patched.unescape  0.327231   0.003125   0.330356 (  0.337090)
-        Patched.rfc2822  0.691304   0.003330   0.694634 (  0.701172)
-        Patched.rfc2109  0.685029   0.001956   0.686985 (  0.687607)
-
-  */
-  tmp = rb_define_module_under(tmp, "Utils");
-  // clang-format on
-  rb_define_module_function(tmp, "decode_url!", url_decode_inplace, 1);
-  rb_define_module_function(tmp, "decode_url", url_decode, 1);
-  rb_define_module_function(tmp, "decode_path!", path_decode_inplace, 1);
-  rb_define_module_function(tmp, "decode_path", path_decode, 1);
-  rb_define_module_function(tmp, "time2str", date_str, -1);
-  rb_define_module_function(tmp, "rfc2109", iodine_rfc2109, 1);
-  rb_define_module_function(tmp, "rfc2822", iodine_rfc2822, 1);
-
-  /*
-The monkey-patched methods are in this module, allowing Iodine::Rack::Utils to
-include non-patched methods as well.
-  */
-  tmp = rb_define_module_under(IodineBaseModule, "MonkeyPatch");
-  tmp = rb_define_module_under(tmp, "RackUtils");
-  // clang-format on
-  /* we define it all twice for easier monkey patching */
-  rb_define_method(tmp, "unescape", unescape, -1);
-  rb_define_method(tmp, "unescape_path", path_decode, 1);
-  rb_define_method(tmp, "rfc2109", iodine_rfc2109, 1);
-  rb_define_method(tmp, "rfc2822", iodine_rfc2822, 1);
-  rb_define_singleton_method(tmp, "unescape", unescape, -1);
-  rb_define_singleton_method(tmp, "unescape_path", path_decode, 1);
-  rb_define_singleton_method(tmp, "rfc2109", iodine_rfc2109, 1);
-  rb_define_singleton_method(tmp, "rfc2822", iodine_rfc2822, 1);
-  // rb_define_module_function(IodineUtils, "time2str", date_str, -1);
-}
+/*
+Copyright: Boaz segev, 2016-2017
+License: MIT
+
+Feel free to copy, use and enjoy according to the license provided.
+*/
+#include "iodine.h"
+
+#include "http.h"
+#include <ruby/encoding.h>
+
+/*
+Add all sorts of useless stuff here.
+*/
+
+static ID iodine_to_i_func_id;
+static rb_encoding *IodineUTF8Encoding;
+
+/* *****************************************************************************
+URL Decoding
+***************************************************************************** */
+/**
+Decodes a URL encoded String in place.
+
+Raises an exception on error... but this might result in a partially decoded
+String.
+*/
+static VALUE url_decode_inplace(VALUE self, VALUE str) {
+  Check_Type(str, T_STRING);
+  ssize_t len =
+      http_decode_url(RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
+  if (len < 0)
+    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Malformed URL string - couldn't decode (String "
+                               "might have been partially altered).");
+  rb_str_set_len(str, len);
+  return str;
+  (void)self;
+}
+
+/**
+Decodes a URL encoded String, returning a new String with the decoded data.
+*/
+static VALUE url_decode(VALUE self, VALUE str) {
+  Check_Type(str, T_STRING);
+  VALUE str2 = rb_str_buf_new(RSTRING_LEN(str));
+  ssize_t len =
+      http_decode_url(RSTRING_PTR(str2), RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
+  if (len < 0)
+    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Malformed URL string - couldn't decode.");
+  rb_str_set_len(str2, len);
+  return str2;
+  (void)self;
+}
+
+/**
+Decodes a percent encoded String (normally the "path" of a request), editing the
+String in place.
+
+Raises an exception on error... but this might result in a partially decoded
+String.
+*/
+static VALUE path_decode_inplace(VALUE self, VALUE str) {
+  Check_Type(str, T_STRING);
+  ssize_t len =
+      http_decode_path(RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
+  if (len < 0)
+    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError,
+             "Malformed URL path string - couldn't decode (String "
+             "might have been partially altered).");
+  rb_str_set_len(str, len);
+  return str;
+  (void)self;
+}
+
+/**
+Decodes a percent encoded String (normally the "path" of a request), returning a
+new String with the decoded data.
+*/
+static VALUE path_decode(VALUE self, VALUE str) {
+  Check_Type(str, T_STRING);
+  VALUE str2 = rb_str_buf_new(RSTRING_LEN(str));
+  ssize_t len =
+      http_decode_path(RSTRING_PTR(str2), RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
+  if (len < 0)
+    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Malformed URL path string - couldn't decode.");
+  rb_str_set_len(str2, len);
+  return str2;
+  (void)self;
+}
+
+/**
+Decodes a URL encoded String, returning a new String with the decoded data.
+
+This variation matches the Rack::Utils.unescape signature by accepting and
+mostly ignoring an optional Encoding argument.
+*/
+static VALUE unescape(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self) {
+  if (argc < 1 || argc > 2)
+    rb_raise(rb_eArgError,
+             "wrong number of arguments (given %d, expected 1..2).", argc);
+  VALUE str = argv[0];
+  Check_Type(str, T_STRING);
+  VALUE str2 = rb_str_buf_new(RSTRING_LEN(str));
+  ssize_t len =
+      http_decode_url(RSTRING_PTR(str2), RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
+  if (len < 0)
+    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Malformed URL path string - couldn't decode.");
+  rb_str_set_len(str2, len);
+  rb_encoding *enc = IodineUTF8Encoding;
+  if (argc == 2 && argv[1] != Qnil && argv[1] != Qfalse) {
+    enc = rb_enc_get(argv[1]);
+    if (!enc)
+      enc = IodineUTF8Encoding;
+  }
+  rb_enc_associate(str2, enc);
+  return str2;
+  (void)self;
+}
+
+/* *****************************************************************************
+HTTP Dates
+***************************************************************************** */
+
+/**
+Takes an optional Integer for Unix Time and returns a faster (though less
+localized) HTTP Date formatted String.
+
+
+        Iodine::Rack.time2str => "Sun, 11 Jun 2017 06:14:08 GMT"
+
+        Iodine::Rack.time2str(Time.now.to_i) => "Wed, 15 Nov 1995 06:25:24 GMT"
+
+Since Iodine uses time caching within it's reactor, using the default value
+(now) will be faster than providing an explicit time using `Time.now.to_i`.
+
+*/
+static VALUE date_str(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self) {
+  if (argc > 1)
+    rb_raise(rb_eArgError,
+             "wrong number of arguments (given %d, expected 0..1).", argc);
+  time_t last_tick;
+  if (argc) {
+    if (TYPE(argv[0]) != T_FIXNUM)
+      argv[0] = rb_funcallv(argv[0], iodine_to_i_func_id, 0, NULL);
+    Check_Type(argv[0], T_FIXNUM);
+    last_tick =
+        FIX2ULONG(argv[0]) ? FIX2ULONG(argv[0]) : fio_last_tick().tv_sec;
+  } else
+    last_tick = fio_last_tick().tv_sec;
+  VALUE str = rb_str_buf_new(32);
+  struct tm tm;
+
+  http_gmtime(last_tick, &tm);
+  size_t len = http_date2str(RSTRING_PTR(str), &tm);
+  rb_str_set_len(str, len);
+  return str;
+  (void)self;
+}
+
+/**
+Takes `time` and returns a faster (though less localized) HTTP Date formatted
+String.
+
+
+        Iodine::Rack.rfc2822(Time.now) => "Sun, 11 Jun 2017 06:14:08 -0000"
+
+        Iodine::Rack.rfc2822(0)      => "Sun, 11 Jun 2017 06:14:08 -0000"
+
+Since Iodine uses time caching within it's reactor, using the default value
+(by passing 0) will be faster than providing an explicit time using `Time.now`.
+*/
+static VALUE iodine_rfc2822(VALUE self, VALUE rtm) {
+  time_t last_tick;
+  rtm = rb_funcallv(rtm, iodine_to_i_func_id, 0, NULL);
+  last_tick = FIX2ULONG(rtm) ? FIX2ULONG(rtm) : fio_last_tick().tv_sec;
+  VALUE str = rb_str_buf_new(34);
+  struct tm tm;
+
+  http_gmtime(last_tick, &tm);
+  size_t len = http_date2rfc2822(RSTRING_PTR(str), &tm);
+  rb_str_set_len(str, len);
+  return str;
+  (void)self;
+}
+
+/**
+Takes `time` and returns a faster (though less localized) HTTP Date formatted
+String.
+
+
+        Iodine::Rack.rfc2109(Time.now) => "Sun, 11-Jun-2017 06:14:08 GMT"
+
+        Iodine::Rack.rfc2109(0)      => "Sun, 11-Jun-2017 06:14:08 GMT"
+
+Since Iodine uses time caching within it's reactor, using the default value
+(by passing 0) will be faster than providing an explicit time using `Time.now`.
+*/
+static VALUE iodine_rfc2109(VALUE self, VALUE rtm) {
+  time_t last_tick;
+  rtm = rb_funcallv(rtm, iodine_to_i_func_id, 0, NULL);
+  last_tick = FIX2ULONG(rtm) ? FIX2ULONG(rtm) : fio_last_tick().tv_sec;
+  VALUE str = rb_str_buf_new(32);
+  struct tm tm;
+
+  http_gmtime(last_tick, &tm);
+  size_t len = http_date2rfc2109(RSTRING_PTR(str), &tm);
+  rb_str_set_len(str, len);
+  return str;
+  (void)self;
+}
+
+/* *****************************************************************************
+Ruby Initialization
+***************************************************************************** */
+
+void iodine_init_helpers(void) {
+  iodine_to_i_func_id = rb_intern("to_i");
+  IodineUTF8Encoding = rb_enc_find("UTF-8");
+  VALUE tmp = rb_define_module_under(IodineModule, "Rack");
+  // clang-format off
+  /*
+Iodine does NOT monkey patch Rack automatically. However, it's possible and recommended to moneky patch Rack::Utils to use the methods in this module.
+
+Choosing to monkey patch Rack::Utils could offer significant performance gains for some applications. i.e. (on my machine):
+
+      require 'iodine'
+      require 'rack'
+      # a String in need of decoding
+      s = '%E3%83%AB%E3%83%93%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%81%A8'
+      Benchmark.bm do |bm|
+        # Pre-Patch
+        bm.report("   Rack.unescape")    {1_000_000.times { Rack::Utils.unescape s } }
+        bm.report("    Rack.rfc2822")    {1_000_000.times { Rack::Utils.rfc2822(Time.now) } }
+        bm.report("    Rack.rfc2109")    {1_000_000.times { Rack::Utils.rfc2109(Time.now) } }
+        # Perform Patch
+        Iodine.patch_rack
+        puts "            --- Monkey Patching Rack ---"
+        # Post Patch
+        bm.report("Patched.unescape")    {1_000_000.times { Rack::Utils.unescape s } }
+        bm.report(" Patched.rfc2822")    {1_000_000.times { Rack::Utils.rfc2822(Time.now) } }
+        bm.report(" Patched.rfc2109")    {1_000_000.times { Rack::Utils.rfc2109(Time.now) } }
+      end && nil
+
+Results:
+        user     system      total        real
+        Rack.unescape  8.706881   0.019995   8.726876 (  8.740530)
+        Rack.rfc2822  3.270305   0.007519   3.277824 (  3.279416)
+        Rack.rfc2109  3.152188   0.003852   3.156040 (  3.157975)
+                   --- Monkey Patching Rack ---
+        Patched.unescape  0.327231   0.003125   0.330356 (  0.337090)
+        Patched.rfc2822  0.691304   0.003330   0.694634 (  0.701172)
+        Patched.rfc2109  0.685029   0.001956   0.686985 (  0.687607)
+
+  */
+  tmp = rb_define_module_under(tmp, "Utils");
+  // clang-format on
+  rb_define_module_function(tmp, "decode_url!", url_decode_inplace, 1);
+  rb_define_module_function(tmp, "decode_url", url_decode, 1);
+  rb_define_module_function(tmp, "decode_path!", path_decode_inplace, 1);
+  rb_define_module_function(tmp, "decode_path", path_decode, 1);
+  rb_define_module_function(tmp, "time2str", date_str, -1);
+  rb_define_module_function(tmp, "rfc2109", iodine_rfc2109, 1);
+  rb_define_module_function(tmp, "rfc2822", iodine_rfc2822, 1);
+
+  /*
+The monkey-patched methods are in this module, allowing Iodine::Rack::Utils to
+include non-patched methods as well.
+  */
+  tmp = rb_define_module_under(IodineBaseModule, "MonkeyPatch");
+  tmp = rb_define_module_under(tmp, "RackUtils");
+  // clang-format on
+  /* we define it all twice for easier monkey patching */
+  rb_define_method(tmp, "unescape", unescape, -1);
+  rb_define_method(tmp, "unescape_path", path_decode, 1);
+  rb_define_method(tmp, "rfc2109", iodine_rfc2109, 1);
+  rb_define_method(tmp, "rfc2822", iodine_rfc2822, 1);
+  rb_define_singleton_method(tmp, "unescape", unescape, -1);
+  rb_define_singleton_method(tmp, "unescape_path", path_decode, 1);
+  rb_define_singleton_method(tmp, "rfc2109", iodine_rfc2109, 1);
+  rb_define_singleton_method(tmp, "rfc2822", iodine_rfc2822, 1);
+  // rb_define_module_function(IodineUtils, "time2str", date_str, -1);
+}