iso_1996 1.1.0 → 2.0.0

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data/README.md

@@ -1,14 +1,18 @@
 
-# ISO 1996 - Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise Ruby gem.
+# ISO 1996 - Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise Ruby library.
 
 [![Gem Version](https://badge.fury.io/rb/iso_1996.svg)](https://badge.fury.io/rb/iso_1996)
 [![Documentation](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-rdoc.info-blue)](https://rubydoc.info/gems/iso_1996)
 
-Ruby implementation of ISO 1996 - Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise.
+Ruby implementation of ISO 1996 - Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise. 
+Provides complete calculations for environmental noise assessment according to ISO 1996-1:2016 and ISO 1996-2:2017 standards.
 
 ## Features
 
-- Complete implementation of all three parts of ISO 1996
+- Complete implementation of ISO 1996-1:2016 and ISO 1996-2:2017
+- Calculation of all key acoustic metrics
+- Environmental corrections and uncertainty analysis
+- Day-evening-night level (L<sub>den</sub>) assessment
 - Fully documented with RDoc comments
 - Comprehensive test suite
 - MIT licensed
@@ -31,6 +35,168 @@ gem install iso_1996
 Full documentation available at:
 https://rubydoc.info/gems/iso_1996
 
+## Example Usage
+
+```ruby
+require 'iso_1996'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+# STEP 1: Data Collection - 6 measurements from sound level meter
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+measurements = [
+  # Continuous measurements (A-weighted, 1-min each)
+  { time: Time.now - 300, pressure: 0.08, weighting: 'A', duration: 60 },
+  { time: Time.now - 240, pressure: 0.12, weighting: 'A', duration: 60 },
+  { time: Time.now - 180, pressure: 0.15, weighting: 'A', duration: 60 },
+  { time: Time.now - 120, pressure: 0.10, weighting: 'A', duration: 60 },
+  { time: Time.now - 60,  pressure: 0.18, weighting: 'A', duration: 60 },
+  
+  # Impulse measurement (C-weighted, 100ms)
+  { time: Time.now,       pressure: 0.25, weighting: 'C', duration: 0.1 }
+]
+
+# Background measurement (5-min average)
+background = { pressure: 0.05, weighting: 'A', duration: 300 }
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+# STEP 2: Calculate Basic Sound Levels (ISO 1996-1:2016)
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Calculate SPL for each measurement
+measurements.each do |m|
+  m[:spl] = ISO_1996::Part_1_2016.sound_pressure_level(m[:pressure])
+end
+
+# Calculate equivalent continuous sound level (L_Aeq)
+a_weighted = measurements.select { |m| m[:weighting] == 'A' }
+l_aeq = ISO_1996::Part_1_2016.equivalent_continuous_sound_level(
+  a_weighted.map { |m| m[:spl] },
+  a_weighted.sum { |m| m[:duration] }
+)
+
+# Calculate peak sound pressure level (L_Cpeak)
+impulse = measurements.find { |m| m[:weighting] == 'C' }
+l_cpeak = ISO_1996::Part_1_2016.peak_sound_pressure_level(impulse[:pressure])
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+# STEP 3: Environmental Corrections (ISO 1996-2:2017)
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Calculate background noise correction
+background_spl = ISO_1996::Part_1_2016.sound_pressure_level(background[:pressure])
+background_correction = ISO_1996::Part_2_2017.background_noise_correction(l_aeq, background_spl)
+
+# Apply atmospheric absorption correction
+attenuation_coefficient = 0.005  # dB/m (from ISO 9613-1 based on temp/humidity)
+distance = 50.0  # meters
+atmospheric_correction = ISO_1996::Part_2_2017.atmospheric_absorption_correction(
+  attenuation_coefficient, distance
+)
+
+# Calculate total correction
+corrected_l_aeq = l_aeq - background_correction - atmospheric_correction
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+# STEP 4: Day-Evening-Night Level Calculation (L_den) (ISO 1996-1:2016)
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Normally collected separately for each period
+day_measurements = [65.2, 67.1, 66.5]   # 3-hour measurements
+evening_measurements = [63.8, 62.4]      # 2-hour measurements
+night_measurements = [58.7, 57.9, 59.3]  # 3-hour measurements
+
+# Calculate L_Aeq for each period
+l_day = ISO_1996::Part_1_2016.equivalent_continuous_sound_level(day_measurements, 3 * 3600)
+l_evening = ISO_1996::Part_1_2016.equivalent_continuous_sound_level(evening_measurements, 2 * 3600)
+l_night = ISO_1996::Part_1_2016.equivalent_continuous_sound_level(night_measurements, 3 * 3600)
+
+# Calculate L_den with standard penalties
+l_den = ISO_1996::Part_1_2016.day_evening_night_level(l_day, l_evening, l_night)
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+# STEP 5: Assessment Procedures (ISO 1996-1:2016)
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Determine adjustment factors (requires professional judgment)
+is_tonal_audible = true   # Based on spectral analysis
+is_tonal_prominent = false
+k_t = ISO_1996::Part_1_2016.tonal_adjustment_factor(
+  is_audible: is_tonal_audible, 
+  is_prominent: is_tonal_prominent
+)
+
+is_impulse_audible = true
+is_impulse_distinct = true
+k_i = ISO_1996::Part_1_2016.impulsive_adjustment_factor(
+  is_audible: is_impulse_audible,
+  is_distinct: is_impulse_distinct
+)
+
+# Calculate assessment level
+assessment_level = ISO_1996::Part_1_2016.assessment_level(corrected_l_aeq, k_t, k_i)
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+# STEP 6: Compliance Evaluation
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+noise_limit = 65.0  # dB(A) - local regulation
+uncertainty_components = [0.5, 1.0, 0.7]  # Instrument, position, environmental
+measurement_uncertainty = ISO_1996::Part_2_2017.measurement_uncertainty(uncertainty_components)
+
+is_compliant = !ISO_1996::Part_1_2016.compliance_evaluation(
+  assessment_level, 
+  noise_limit, 
+  measurement_uncertainty
+)
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+# STEP 7: Reporting
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+puts "Environmental Noise Assessment Report"
+puts "------------------------------------"
+puts "Measurement Period: #{measurements.first[:time]} to #{measurements.last[:time]}"
+puts "Equivalent Continuous Level (L_Aeq): #{l_aeq.round(1)} dB(A)"
+puts "Background Correction: #{background_correction.round(1)} dB"
+puts "Atmospheric Correction: #{atmospheric_correction.round(1)} dB"
+puts "Corrected L_Aeq: #{corrected_l_aeq.round(1)} dB(A)"
+puts "Tonal Adjustment (K_T): #{k_t} dB"
+puts "Impulsive Adjustment (K_I): #{k_i} dB"
+puts "Assessment Level (L_r): #{assessment_level.round(1)} dB(A)"
+puts "Day Level (L_day): #{l_day.round(1)} dB(A)"
+puts "Evening Level (L_evening): #{l_evening.round(1)} dB(A)"
+puts "Night Level (L_night): #{l_night.round(1)} dB(A)"
+puts "Day-Evening-Night Level (L_den): #{l_den.round(1)} dB(A)"
+puts "Peak Sound Level (L_Cpeak): #{l_cpeak.round(1)} dB(C)"
+puts "Noise Limit: #{noise_limit} dB(A)"
+puts "Measurement Uncertainty: ±#{measurement_uncertainty.round(1)} dB"
+puts "Compliance Status: #{is_compliant ? 'PASS' : 'FAIL'}"
+puts "------------------------------------"
+```
+
+## Handling Non-formula Aspects of the Standard
+The ISO 1996 standards contain important guidance that isn't expressed in formulas but requires professional judgment:
+
+1. Tonal and Impulsive Character Assessment:
+  - Use the tonal_adjustment_factor and impulsive_adjustment_factor methods with parameters based on:
+    * Spectral analysis (FFT) to identify prominent tones
+    * Auditory assessment by trained professionals
+    * Historical data and community complaints
+2. Meteorological Conditions:
+  - Measure and apply corrections for:
+    * Wind speed and direction (affects sound propagation)
+    * Temperature gradients (affects refraction)
+    * Humidity (affects high-frequency absorption)
+    * Use ISO 9613-1 for detailed atmospheric absorption coefficients
+3. Measurement Uncertainty:
+  - Calculate using the measurement_uncertainty method with components:
+    * Instrument calibration uncertainty
+    * Measurement position uncertainty
+    * Environmental conditions uncertainty
+4. Time Period Handling:
+  - For day-evening-night calculations:
+    * Collect separate measurements for each period
+    * Use local definitions for period boundaries (e.g., day: 7:00-19:00)
+    * Apply appropriate penalties (standard is 5 dB evening, 10 dB night)
+
 ## Contributing
 Bug reports and pull requests are welcome on GitHub at:
 https://github.com/ciembor/iso_1996

data/lib/iso_1996/part_1_2016.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module ISO_1996
+
+  ##
+  # == ISO 1996-1:2016 Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - 
+  # Part 1: Basic quantities and assessment procedures
+  #
+  # Module implementing calculations defined in ISO 1996-1:2016
+  #
+  # Author:: Maciej Ciemborowicz
+  # Date:: July 13, 2025
+  #
+  module Part_1_2016
+    ##
+    # Constants defined in ISO 1996-1:2016 standard
+    module Constants
+      ##
+      # Reference sound pressure (p₀) as defined in Section 3.1.1
+      # Value: 20 μPa (20e-6 Pa)
+      REFERENCE_SOUND_PRESSURE = 20e-6 # Pa
+
+      ##
+      # Reference time (t₀) for sound exposure level as defined in Section 3.1.8
+      # Value: 1 second
+      REFERENCE_TIME = 1.0 # s
+
+      ##
+      # Standard durations for day, evening, night periods as defined in Annex C.2
+      DAY_DURATION = 12.0 # hours
+      EVENING_DURATION = 4.0 # hours
+      NIGHT_DURATION = 8.0 # hours
+
+      ##
+      # Penalties for evening and night periods as defined in Annex C.2
+      EVENING_PENALTY = 5.0 # dB
+      NIGHT_PENALTY = 10.0 # dB
+    end
+    include Constants
+
+    ##
+    # Calculate sound pressure level (L_p) as defined in Section 3.1.2
+    #
+    # L_p = 10 * log10(p² / p₀²) dB
+    #
+    # @param p [Float] Root-mean-square sound pressure (Pa)
+    # @return [Float] Sound pressure level in dB
+    #
+    # Example:
+    #   Part_1_2016.sound_pressure_level(0.1) # => 74.0 dB
+    #
+    def self.sound_pressure_level(p)
+      10 * Math.log10((p ** 2) / (Constants::REFERENCE_SOUND_PRESSURE ** 2))
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Calculate sound exposure level (L_AE) as defined in Section 3.1.8
+    #
+    # L_AE = 10 * log10( (1/t₀) * ∫(p_A²(t)/p₀²) dt ) dB
+    #
+    # @param p_a [Float] A-weighted sound pressure (Pa)
+    # @return [Float] Sound exposure level in dB
+    #
+    # Note: This method assumes a single value for simplicity. 
+    #       For time-varying signals, integration over time is required.
+    #
+    def self.sound_exposure_level(p_a)
+      10 * Math.log10((1.0 / Constants::REFERENCE_TIME) * (p_a ** 2) / (Constants::REFERENCE_SOUND_PRESSURE ** 2))
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Calculate equivalent continuous sound level (L_Aeq,T) as defined in Section 3.1.7
+    #
+    # L_Aeq,T = 10 * log10( (1/T) * Σ(10^(0.1*L_i)) ) dB
+    #
+    # @param levels [Array<Float>] Array of sound pressure levels (dB)
+    # @param measurement_time [Float] Total measurement time (seconds)
+    # @return [Float] Equivalent continuous sound level in dB
+    #
+    # Example:
+    #   levels = [65.0, 67.0, 63.0]
+    #   Part_1_2016.equivalent_continuous_sound_level(levels, 3.0) # => ~65.1 dB
+    #
+    def self.equivalent_continuous_sound_level(levels, measurement_time)
+      raise ArgumentError, "Measurement time must be positive" if measurement_time <= 0
+      
+      return -Float::INFINITY if levels.empty?
+
+      energy_sum = levels.sum { |l| 10 ** (l / 10.0) }
+      10 * Math.log10(energy_sum / measurement_time)
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Calculate peak sound pressure level (L_pC,peak) as defined in Section 3.1.10
+    #
+    # L_pC,peak = 20 * log10(p_Cmax / p₀) dB
+    #
+    # @param p_c_max [Float] Maximum C-weighted sound pressure (Pa)
+    # @return [Float] Peak sound pressure level in dB
+    #
+    def self.peak_sound_pressure_level(p_c_max)
+      20 * Math.log10(p_c_max / Constants::REFERENCE_SOUND_PRESSURE)
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Calculate day-evening-night level (L_den) as defined in Annex C.2
+    #
+    # L_den = 10 * log10( (1/24) * [t_d·10^(L_day/10) + t_e·10^((L_evening + P_e)/10) + t_n·10^((L_night + P_n)/10)] ) dB
+    #
+    # @param l_day [Float] Day-time equivalent sound level (dB)
+    # @param l_evening [Float] Evening-time equivalent sound level (dB)
+    # @param l_night [Float] Night-time equivalent sound level (dB)
+    # @param day_duration [Float] Duration of day period (hours)
+    # @param evening_duration [Float] Duration of evening period (hours)
+    # @param night_duration [Float] Duration of night period (hours)
+    # @param evening_penalty [Float] Penalty for evening period (dB)
+    # @param night_penalty [Float] Penalty for night period (dB)
+    # @return [Float] Day-evening-night level in dB
+    #
+    # Example:
+    #   Part_1_2016.day_evening_night_level(65.0, 62.0, 58.0) # => ~67.1 dB
+    #
+    def self.day_evening_night_level(l_day, l_evening, l_night,
+                                    day_duration: Constants::DAY_DURATION,
+                                    evening_duration: Constants::EVENING_DURATION,
+                                    night_duration: Constants::NIGHT_DURATION,
+                                    evening_penalty: Constants::EVENING_PENALTY,
+                                    night_penalty: Constants::NIGHT_PENALTY)
+      total_hours = day_duration + evening_duration + night_duration
+      
+      term_day = day_duration * 10 ** (l_day / 10.0)
+      term_evening = evening_duration * 10 ** ((l_evening + evening_penalty) / 10.0)
+      term_night = night_duration * 10 ** ((l_night + night_penalty) / 10.0)
+      
+      10 * Math.log10((term_day + term_evening + term_night) / total_hours)
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Determine tonal adjustment factor (K_T) as defined in Annex D.3
+    #
+    # @param is_audible [Boolean] Whether the tone is clearly audible
+    # @param is_prominent [Boolean] Whether the tone is prominent
+    # @return [Float] Tonal adjustment factor in dB (0.0, 3.0, 6.0)
+    #
+    # According to Annex D.3:
+    #   Prominent tone: 6 dB
+    #   Clearly audible but not prominent: 3 dB
+    #   Not clearly audible: 0 dB
+    #
+    def self.tonal_adjustment_factor(is_audible: false, is_prominent: false)
+      return 0.0 unless is_audible
+      return 6.0 if is_prominent
+      3.0
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Determine impulsive adjustment factor (K_I) as defined in Annex D.4
+    #
+    # @param is_audible [Boolean] Whether the impulsive sound is clearly audible
+    # @param is_distinct [Boolean] Whether the impulsive sound is distinct
+    # @return [Float] Impulsive adjustment factor in dB (0.0, 3.0, 6.0)
+    #
+    # According to Annex D.4:
+    #   Distinct impulsive sound: 6 dB
+    #   Clearly audible but not distinct: 3 dB
+    #   Not clearly audible: 0 dB
+    #
+    def self.impulsive_adjustment_factor(is_audible: false, is_distinct: false)
+      return 0.0 unless is_audible
+      return 6.0 if is_distinct
+      3.0
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Calculate assessment level (L_r) as defined in Section 3.6
+    #
+    # L_r = L_AeqT + K_T + K_I dB
+    #
+    # @param l_aeq_t [Float] Equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level (dB)
+    # @param k_t [Float] Tonal adjustment factor (dB)
+    # @param k_i [Float] Impulsive adjustment factor (dB)
+    # @return [Float] Assessment level in dB
+    #
+    def self.assessment_level(l_aeq_t, k_t, k_i)
+      l_aeq_t + k_t + k_i
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Evaluate compliance with noise limits as defined in Section 9.2
+    #
+    # @param assessment_level [Float] Calculated assessment level (dB)
+    # @param noise_limit [Float] Applicable noise limit (dB)
+    # @param measurement_uncertainty [Float] Measurement uncertainty (dB)
+    # @return [Boolean] True if limit is exceeded (assessment_level > noise_limit + measurement_uncertainty)
+    #
+    def self.compliance_evaluation(assessment_level, noise_limit, measurement_uncertainty)
+      assessment_level > noise_limit + measurement_uncertainty
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/iso_1996/{environmental_noise.rb → part_2_2017.rb}

@@ -3,18 +3,17 @@
 module ISO_1996
 
   ##
-  # == ISO 1996-2:2007 Determination of Sound Pressure Levels
+  # == ISO 1996-2:2017 Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - 
+  # Part 2: Determination of sound pressure levels
   #
-  # Module implementing calculations defined in ISO 1996-2:2007:
-  # "Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - 
-  # Part 2: Determination of sound pressure levels"
+  # Module implementing calculations defined in ISO 1996-2:2017
   #
   # Author:: Maciej Ciemborowicz
-  # Date:: July 11, 2025
+  # Date:: July 13, 2025
   #
-  module EnvironmentalNoise
+  module Part_2_2017
     ##
-    # Constants defined in ISO 1996-2:2007 standard
+    # Constants defined in ISO 1996-2:2017 standard
     module Constants
       ##
       # Minimum level difference for background correction (ΔL_min) as defined in Section 6.3
@@ -40,7 +39,7 @@ module ISO_1996
     # @raise [ArgumentError] if ΔL ≤ 3 dB (measurement uncertain)
     #
     # Example:
-    #   EnvironmentalNoise.background_noise_correction(65, 60) # => 1.7 dB
+    #   Part_2_2017.background_noise_correction(65, 60) # => 1.7 dB
     #
     def self.background_noise_correction(l_total, l_background)
       delta_l = l_total - l_background
@@ -76,10 +75,10 @@ module ISO_1996
     # @return [Float] Combined measurement uncertainty in dB
     #
     # Example:
-    #   EnvironmentalNoise.measurement_uncertainty([0.5, 1.0, 0.7]) # => 1.28 dB
+    #   Part_2_2017.measurement_uncertainty([0.5, 1.0, 0.7]) # => 1.28 dB
     #
     def self.measurement_uncertainty(uncertainty_components)
       Math.sqrt(uncertainty_components.sum { |c| c ** 2 })
     end
   end
-end
+end

data/lib/iso_1996/withdrawn/part_1_2003.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module ISO_1996
+  module Withdrawn
+
+    ##
+    # == ISO 1996-1:2003 Basic Quantities and Assessment Procedures
+    #
+    # Module implementing calculations defined in ISO 1996-1:2003:
+    # "Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - 
+    # Part 1: Basic quantities and assessment procedures"
+    #
+    # Author:: Maciej Ciemborowicz
+    # Date:: July 11, 2025
+    #
+    module Part_1_2003
+      ##
+      # Constants defined in ISO 1996-1:2003 standard
+      module Constants
+        ##
+        # Reference sound pressure (p₀) as defined in Section 3.1
+        # Value: 20 μPa (20e-6 Pa)
+        REFERENCE_SOUND_PRESSURE = 20e-6 # Pa
+
+        ##
+        # Reference time (t₀) for sound exposure level as defined in Section 3.9
+        # Value: 1 second
+        REFERENCE_TIME = 1.0 # s
+      end
+      include Constants
+
+      ##
+      # Calculate sound pressure level (L_p) as defined in Section 3.2
+      #
+      # L_p = 10 * log10(p² / p₀²) dB
+      #
+      # @param p [Float] Root-mean-square sound pressure (Pa)
+      # @return [Float] Sound pressure level in dB
+      #
+      # Example:
+      #   Basic.sound_pressure_level(0.1) # => 74.0 dB
+      #
+      def self.sound_pressure_level(p)
+        10 * Math.log10((p ** 2) / (Constants::REFERENCE_SOUND_PRESSURE ** 2))
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Calculate A-weighted sound pressure level (L_A) as defined in Section 3.2
+      #
+      # L_A = 10 * log10( (1/T) * ∫(p_A²(t)/p₀²) dt ) dB
+      #
+      # @param p_a [Float] A-weighted sound pressure (Pa)
+      # @param measurement_time [Float] Measurement time interval (seconds)
+      # @return [Float] A-weighted sound pressure level in dB
+      #
+      def self.a_weighted_sound_pressure_level(p_a, measurement_time: 1.0)
+        10 * Math.log10((1.0 / measurement_time) * (p_a ** 2) / (Constants::REFERENCE_SOUND_PRESSURE ** 2))
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Calculate sound exposure level (L_AE) as defined in Section 3.9
+      #
+      # L_AE = 10 * log10( (1/t₀) * ∫(p_A²(t)/p₀²) dt ) dB
+      #
+      # @param p_a [Float] A-weighted sound pressure (Pa)
+      # @return [Float] Sound exposure level in dB
+      #
+      def self.sound_exposure_level(p_a)
+        10 * Math.log10((1.0 / Constants::REFERENCE_TIME) * (p_a ** 2) / (Constants::REFERENCE_SOUND_PRESSURE ** 2))
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Calculate equivalent continuous sound level (L_Aeq,T) as defined in Section 3.7
+      #
+      # L_Aeq,T = 10 * log10( (1/T) * Σ(10^(0.1*L_i)) ) dB
+      #
+      # @param levels [Array<Float>] Array of sound pressure levels (dB)
+      # @param measurement_time [Float] Total measurement time (seconds)
+      # @return [Float] Equivalent continuous sound level in dB
+      #
+      # Example:
+      #   levels = [65.0, 67.0, 63.0]
+      #   Basic.equivalent_continuous_sound_level(levels, 3.0) # => ~65.1 dB
+      #
+      def self.equivalent_continuous_sound_level(levels, measurement_time)
+        raise ArgumentError, "Measurement time must be positive" if measurement_time <= 0
+        
+        return -Float::INFINITY if levels.empty?
+
+        energy_sum = levels.sum { |l| 10 ** (l / 10.0) }
+        10 * Math.log10(energy_sum / measurement_time)
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Calculate C-weighted peak sound pressure level (L_Cpeak) as defined in Section 3.10
+      #
+      # L_Cpeak = 20 * log10(p_Cmax / p₀) dB
+      #
+      # @param p_c_max [Float] Maximum C-weighted sound pressure (Pa)
+      # @return [Float] C-weighted peak sound pressure level in dB
+      #
+      def self.peak_sound_pressure_level(p_c_max)
+        20 * Math.log10(p_c_max / Constants::REFERENCE_SOUND_PRESSURE)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/iso_1996/withdrawn/part_2_2007.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module ISO_1996
+  module Withdrawn
+
+    ##
+    # == ISO 1996-2:2007 Determination of Sound Pressure Levels
+    #
+    # Module implementing calculations defined in ISO 1996-2:2007:
+    # "Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - 
+    # Part 2: Determination of sound pressure levels"
+    #
+    # Author:: Maciej Ciemborowicz
+    # Date:: July 11, 2025
+    #
+    module Part_2_2007
+      ##
+      # Constants defined in ISO 1996-2:2007 standard
+      module Constants
+        ##
+        # Minimum level difference for background correction (ΔL_min) as defined in Section 6.3
+        # Value: 3 dB
+        MIN_BACKGROUND_LEVEL_DIFFERENCE = 3.0 # dB
+
+        ##
+        # Threshold for background correction (ΔL_threshold) as defined in Section 6.3
+        # Value: 10 dB
+        BACKGROUND_CORRECTION_THRESHOLD = 10.0 # dB
+      end
+      include Constants
+
+      ##
+      # Calculate background noise correction (K₁) as defined in Section 6.3 and Annex D
+      #
+      # K₁ = -10 * log10(1 - 10^(-0.1 * ΔL)) dB
+      # where ΔL = L_total - L_background
+      #
+      # @param l_total [Float] Total sound pressure level (dB)
+      # @param l_background [Float] Background sound pressure level (dB)
+      # @return [Float] Background noise correction in dB
+      # @raise [ArgumentError] if ΔL ≤ 3 dB (measurement uncertain)
+      #
+      # Example:
+      #   EnvironmentalNoise.background_noise_correction(65, 60) # => 1.7 dB
+      #
+      def self.background_noise_correction(l_total, l_background)
+        delta_l = l_total - l_background
+
+        if delta_l <= Constants::MIN_BACKGROUND_LEVEL_DIFFERENCE
+          raise ArgumentError, "Measurement uncertain: ΔL ≤ #{Constants::MIN_BACKGROUND_LEVEL_DIFFERENCE} dB"
+        elsif delta_l >= Constants::BACKGROUND_CORRECTION_THRESHOLD
+          0.0
+        else
+          -10 * Math.log10(1 - 10 ** (-0.1 * delta_l))
+        end
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Calculate atmospheric absorption correction (A_atm) as defined in Section 7.3 and Annex A
+      #
+      # A_atm = α * d dB
+      #
+      # @param attenuation_coefficient [Float] Atmospheric attenuation coefficient (dB/m)
+      # @param propagation_distance [Float] Sound propagation distance (m)
+      # @return [Float] Atmospheric absorption correction in dB
+      #
+      def self.atmospheric_absorption_correction(attenuation_coefficient, propagation_distance)
+        attenuation_coefficient * propagation_distance
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Calculate combined measurement uncertainty as defined in Section 9
+      #
+      # u_total = √(Σ(u_i²)) dB
+      #
+      # @param uncertainty_components [Array<Float>] Array of uncertainty components (dB)
+      # @return [Float] Combined measurement uncertainty in dB
+      #
+      # Example:
+      #   EnvironmentalNoise.measurement_uncertainty([0.5, 1.0, 0.7]) # => 1.28 dB
+      #
+      def self.measurement_uncertainty(uncertainty_components)
+        Math.sqrt(uncertainty_components.sum { |c| c ** 2 })
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/iso_1996/withdrawn/part_3_1987.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module ISO_1996
+  module Withdrawn
+
+    ##
+    # == ISO 1996-3:1987 Application to Noise Limits
+    #
+    # Module implementing calculations defined in ISO 1996-3:1987:
+    # "Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - 
+    # Part 3: Application to noise limits"
+    #
+    # Author:: Maciej Ciemborowicz
+    # Date:: July 11, 2025
+    #
+    module Part_3_1987
+      ##
+      # Constants defined in ISO 1996-3:1987 standard
+      module Constants
+        ##
+        # Impulse correction threshold (L_Cpeak,min) as defined in Section 7.2
+        # Value: 130 dB
+        IMPULSE_CORRECTION_THRESHOLD = 130.0 # dB
+
+        ##
+        # Standard 24-hour period as defined in Annex A
+        # Value: 24 hours
+        STANDARD_24H_PERIOD = 24.0 # hours
+      end
+      include Constants
+
+      ##
+      # Determine tonal adjustment factor (K_T) as defined in Section 6 and Table 1
+      #
+      # @param delta_l [Float] Difference between tone level and background level (dB)
+      # @return [Float] Tonal adjustment factor in dB
+      #
+      # According to Table 1:
+      #   ΔL ≥ 15 dB → 6 dB
+      #   10 ≤ ΔL ≤ 14 dB → 4-6 dB (default 5 dB)
+      #   5 ≤ ΔL ≤ 9 dB → 0-3 dB (default 2 dB)
+      #   ΔL < 5 dB → 0 dB
+      #
+      def self.tonal_adjustment_factor(delta_l)
+        case delta_l
+        when 15..Float::INFINITY then 6.0
+        when 10..14 then 5.0
+        when 5..9  then 2.0
+        else 0.0
+        end
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Determine impulsive adjustment factor (K_I) as defined in Section 7.2
+      #
+      # @param l_cpeak [Float] C-weighted peak sound pressure level (dB)
+      # @param is_highly_annoying [Boolean] Whether noise is subjectively assessed as highly annoying
+      # @return [Float] Impulsive adjustment factor in dB
+      #
+      # According to version:
+      #   K_I = 6 dB if L_Cpeak ≥ 130 dB OR noise is highly annoying
+      #   K_I = 0 dB otherwise
+      #
+      def self.impulsive_adjustment_factor(l_cpeak, is_highly_annoying: false)
+        (l_cpeak >= Constants::IMPULSE_CORRECTION_THRESHOLD || is_highly_annoying) ? 6.0 : 0.0
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Calculate assessment level (L_r) as defined in Section 8
+      #
+      # L_r = L_AeqT + K_T + K_I dB
+      #
+      # @param l_aeq_t [Float] Equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level (dB)
+      # @param k_t [Float] Tonal adjustment factor (dB)
+      # @param k_i [Float] Impulsive adjustment factor (dB)
+      # @return [Float] Assessment level in dB
+      #
+      def self.assessment_level(l_aeq_t, k_t, k_i)
+        l_aeq_t + k_t + k_i
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Evaluate compliance with noise limits as defined in Section 9
+      #
+      # @param l_r [Float] Assessment level (dB)
+      # @param noise_limit [Float] Noise limit value (dB)
+      # @param measurement_uncertainty [Float] Measurement uncertainty (dB)
+      # @return [Boolean] True if limit is exceeded (L_r > L_lim + uncertainty)
+      #
+      def self.compliance_evaluation(l_r, noise_limit, measurement_uncertainty)
+        l_r > noise_limit + measurement_uncertainty
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Convert sound levels between time periods as defined in Annex A
+      #
+      # L_total = 10 * log10( [Σ(t_i * 10^(0.1*L_i)] / T_total ) dB
+      #
+      # @param period_levels [Array<Hash>] Array of hashes with :level (dB) and :duration (hours)
+      # @param total_period [Float] Total time period for normalization (hours)
+      # @return [Float] Equivalent sound level for total period in dB
+      #
+      # Example:
+      #   periods = [
+      #     {level: 65.0, duration: 16}, # Day
+      #     {level: 55.0, duration: 8}   # Night
+      #   ]
+      #   NoiseLimits.time_period_conversion(periods) # => ~62.1 dB
+      #
+      def self.time_period_conversion(period_levels, total_period: Constants::STANDARD_24H_PERIOD)
+        energy_sum = period_levels.sum { |period| period[:duration] * (10 ** (period[:level] / 10.0)) }
+        10 * Math.log10(energy_sum / total_period)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/iso_1996.rb

@@ -4,14 +4,17 @@
 # = ISO 1996 - Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise
 #
 # Ruby implementation of ISO 1996 - Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise.
-# Includes all three parts:
+# Includes current parts:
+# - ISO 1996-1:2016: Basic quantities and assessment procedures
+# - ISO 1996-2:2017: Determination of sound pressure levels
+# As well as some legacy norms:
 # - ISO 1996-1:2003: Basic quantities and assessment procedures
 # - ISO 1996-2:2007: Determination of sound pressure levels
 # - ISO 1996-3:1987: Application to noise limits
 #
 # Author:: Maciej Ciemborowicz
 # Date:: July 11, 2025
-# Version:: 1.1.0
+# Version:: 2.0.0
 # License:: MIT
 #
 # == Usage
@@ -26,16 +29,21 @@
 #   # Noise limits assessment
 #   assessment = ISO_1996::NoiseLimits.assessment_level(65, 2, 3)
 #
+# @see https://www.iso.org/standard/59765.html ISO 1996-1:2016
+# @see https://www.iso.org/standard/59766.html ISO 1996-2:2017
+#
 # @see https://www.iso.org/standard/28633.html ISO 1996-1:2003
 # @see https://www.iso.org/standard/23776.html ISO 1996-2:2007
 # @see https://www.iso.org/standard/6750.html ISO 1996-3:1987
 
-require_relative 'iso_1996/basic'
-require_relative 'iso_1996/environmental_noise'
-require_relative 'iso_1996/noise_limits'
+require_relative 'iso_1996/withdrawn/part_1_2003'
+require_relative 'iso_1996/withdrawn/part_2_2007'
+require_relative 'iso_1996/withdrawn/part_3_1987'
+require_relative 'iso_1996/part_1_2016'
+require_relative 'iso_1996/part_2_2017'
 
 module ISO_1996
   ##
   # Current version of the gem
-  VERSION = "1.1.0"
+  VERSION = "2.0.0"
 end

metadata

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 --- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
 name: iso_1996
 version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-  version: 1.1.0
+  version: 2.0.0
 platform: ruby
 authors:
 - Maciej Ciemborowicz
@@ -66,9 +66,11 @@ extra_rdoc_files: []
 files:
 - README.md
 - lib/iso_1996.rb
-- lib/iso_1996/basic.rb
-- lib/iso_1996/environmental_noise.rb
-- lib/iso_1996/noise_limits.rb
+- lib/iso_1996/part_1_2016.rb
+- lib/iso_1996/part_2_2017.rb
+- lib/iso_1996/withdrawn/part_1_2003.rb
+- lib/iso_1996/withdrawn/part_2_2007.rb
+- lib/iso_1996/withdrawn/part_3_1987.rb
 homepage: https://github.com/ciembor/iso_1996
 licenses:
 - MIT

data/lib/iso_1996/basic.rb

@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module ISO_1996
-
-  ##
-  # == ISO 1996-1:2003 Basic Quantities and Assessment Procedures
-  #
-  # Module implementing calculations defined in ISO 1996-1:2003:
-  # "Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - 
-  # Part 1: Basic quantities and assessment procedures"
-  #
-  # Author:: Maciej Ciemborowicz
-  # Date:: July 11, 2025
-  #
-  module Basic
-    ##
-    # Constants defined in ISO 1996-1:2003 standard
-    module Constants
-      ##
-      # Reference sound pressure (p₀) as defined in Section 3.1
-      # Value: 20 μPa (20e-6 Pa)
-      REFERENCE_SOUND_PRESSURE = 20e-6 # Pa
-
-      ##
-      # Reference time (t₀) for sound exposure level as defined in Section 3.9
-      # Value: 1 second
-      REFERENCE_TIME = 1.0 # s
-    end
-    include Constants
-
-    ##
-    # Calculate sound pressure level (L_p) as defined in Section 3.2
-    #
-    # L_p = 10 * log10(p² / p₀²) dB
-    #
-    # @param p [Float] Root-mean-square sound pressure (Pa)
-    # @return [Float] Sound pressure level in dB
-    #
-    # Example:
-    #   Basic.sound_pressure_level(0.1) # => 74.0 dB
-    #
-    def self.sound_pressure_level(p)
-      10 * Math.log10((p ** 2) / (Constants::REFERENCE_SOUND_PRESSURE ** 2))
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Calculate A-weighted sound pressure level (L_A) as defined in Section 3.2
-    #
-    # L_A = 10 * log10( (1/T) * ∫(p_A²(t)/p₀²) dt ) dB
-    #
-    # @param p_a [Float] A-weighted sound pressure (Pa)
-    # @param measurement_time [Float] Measurement time interval (seconds)
-    # @return [Float] A-weighted sound pressure level in dB
-    #
-    def self.a_weighted_sound_pressure_level(p_a, measurement_time: 1.0)
-      10 * Math.log10((1.0 / measurement_time) * (p_a ** 2) / (Constants::REFERENCE_SOUND_PRESSURE ** 2))
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Calculate sound exposure level (L_AE) as defined in Section 3.9
-    #
-    # L_AE = 10 * log10( (1/t₀) * ∫(p_A²(t)/p₀²) dt ) dB
-    #
-    # @param p_a [Float] A-weighted sound pressure (Pa)
-    # @return [Float] Sound exposure level in dB
-    #
-    def self.sound_exposure_level(p_a)
-      10 * Math.log10((1.0 / Constants::REFERENCE_TIME) * (p_a ** 2) / (Constants::REFERENCE_SOUND_PRESSURE ** 2))
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Calculate equivalent continuous sound level (L_Aeq,T) as defined in Section 3.7
-    #
-    # L_Aeq,T = 10 * log10( (1/T) * Σ(10^(0.1*L_i)) ) dB
-    #
-    # @param levels [Array<Float>] Array of sound pressure levels (dB)
-    # @param measurement_time [Float] Total measurement time (seconds)
-    # @return [Float] Equivalent continuous sound level in dB
-    #
-    # Example:
-    #   levels = [65.0, 67.0, 63.0]
-    #   Basic.equivalent_continuous_sound_level(levels, 3.0) # => ~65.1 dB
-    #
-    def self.equivalent_continuous_sound_level(levels, measurement_time)
-      raise ArgumentError, "Measurement time must be positive" if measurement_time <= 0
-      
-      return -Float::INFINITY if levels.empty?
-
-      energy_sum = levels.sum { |l| 10 ** (l / 10.0) }
-      10 * Math.log10(energy_sum / measurement_time)
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Calculate C-weighted peak sound pressure level (L_Cpeak) as defined in Section 3.10
-    #
-    # L_Cpeak = 20 * log10(p_Cmax / p₀) dB
-    #
-    # @param p_c_max [Float] Maximum C-weighted sound pressure (Pa)
-    # @return [Float] C-weighted peak sound pressure level in dB
-    #
-    def self.peak_sound_pressure_level(p_c_max)
-      20 * Math.log10(p_c_max / Constants::REFERENCE_SOUND_PRESSURE)
-    end
-  end
-end

data/lib/iso_1996/noise_limits.rb

@@ -1,114 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module ISO_1996
-
-  ##
-  # == ISO 1996-3:1987 Application to Noise Limits
-  #
-  # Module implementing calculations defined in ISO 1996-3:1987:
-  # "Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - 
-  # Part 3: Application to noise limits"
-  #
-  # Author:: Maciej Ciemborowicz
-  # Date:: July 11, 2025
-  #
-  module NoiseLimits
-    ##
-    # Constants defined in ISO 1996-3:1987 standard
-    module Constants
-      ##
-      # Impulse correction threshold (L_Cpeak,min) as defined in Section 7.2
-      # Value: 130 dB
-      IMPULSE_CORRECTION_THRESHOLD = 130.0 # dB
-
-      ##
-      # Standard 24-hour period as defined in Annex A
-      # Value: 24 hours
-      STANDARD_24H_PERIOD = 24.0 # hours
-    end
-    include Constants
-
-    ##
-    # Determine tonal adjustment factor (K_T) as defined in Section 6 and Table 1
-    #
-    # @param delta_l [Float] Difference between tone level and background level (dB)
-    # @return [Float] Tonal adjustment factor in dB
-    #
-    # According to Table 1:
-    #   ΔL ≥ 15 dB → 6 dB
-    #   10 ≤ ΔL ≤ 14 dB → 4-6 dB (default 5 dB)
-    #   5 ≤ ΔL ≤ 9 dB → 0-3 dB (default 2 dB)
-    #   ΔL < 5 dB → 0 dB
-    #
-    def self.tonal_adjustment_factor(delta_l)
-      case delta_l
-      when 15..Float::INFINITY then 6.0
-      when 10..14 then 5.0
-      when 5..9  then 2.0
-      else 0.0
-      end
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Determine impulsive adjustment factor (K_I) as defined in Section 7.2
-    #
-    # @param l_cpeak [Float] C-weighted peak sound pressure level (dB)
-    # @param is_highly_annoying [Boolean] Whether noise is subjectively assessed as highly annoying
-    # @return [Float] Impulsive adjustment factor in dB
-    #
-    # According to version:
-    #   K_I = 6 dB if L_Cpeak ≥ 130 dB OR noise is highly annoying
-    #   K_I = 0 dB otherwise
-    #
-    def self.impulsive_adjustment_factor(l_cpeak, is_highly_annoying: false)
-      (l_cpeak >= Constants::IMPULSE_CORRECTION_THRESHOLD || is_highly_annoying) ? 6.0 : 0.0
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Calculate assessment level (L_r) as defined in Section 8
-    #
-    # L_r = L_AeqT + K_T + K_I dB
-    #
-    # @param l_aeq_t [Float] Equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level (dB)
-    # @param k_t [Float] Tonal adjustment factor (dB)
-    # @param k_i [Float] Impulsive adjustment factor (dB)
-    # @return [Float] Assessment level in dB
-    #
-    def self.assessment_level(l_aeq_t, k_t, k_i)
-      l_aeq_t + k_t + k_i
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Evaluate compliance with noise limits as defined in Section 9
-    #
-    # @param l_r [Float] Assessment level (dB)
-    # @param noise_limit [Float] Noise limit value (dB)
-    # @param measurement_uncertainty [Float] Measurement uncertainty (dB)
-    # @return [Boolean] True if limit is exceeded (L_r > L_lim + uncertainty)
-    #
-    def self.compliance_evaluation(l_r, noise_limit, measurement_uncertainty)
-      l_r > noise_limit + measurement_uncertainty
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Convert sound levels between time periods as defined in Annex A
-    #
-    # L_total = 10 * log10( [Σ(t_i * 10^(0.1*L_i)] / T_total ) dB
-    #
-    # @param period_levels [Array<Hash>] Array of hashes with :level (dB) and :duration (hours)
-    # @param total_period [Float] Total time period for normalization (hours)
-    # @return [Float] Equivalent sound level for total period in dB
-    #
-    # Example:
-    #   periods = [
-    #     {level: 65.0, duration: 16}, # Day
-    #     {level: 55.0, duration: 8}   # Night
-    #   ]
-    #   NoiseLimits.time_period_conversion(periods) # => ~62.1 dB
-    #
-    def self.time_period_conversion(period_levels, total_period: Constants::STANDARD_24H_PERIOD)
-      energy_sum = period_levels.sum { |period| period[:duration] * (10 ** (period[:level] / 10.0)) }
-      10 * Math.log10(energy_sum / total_period)
-    end
-  end
-end