image_paradise 0.4.8

data/lib/image_paradise/gui/gtk3/image_editor/image_editor.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,2003 @@
+#!/usr/bin/ruby -w
+# Encoding: UTF-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+# =========================================================================== #
+# === ImageParadise::GUI::Gtk::ImageEditor
+# =========================================================================== #
+# require 'image_paradise/gui/gtk3/image_editor/image_editor.rb'
+# ImageParadise::GUI::Gtk::ImageEditor.run
+# =========================================================================== #
+require 'gtk_paradise/require_gtk3'
+
+module ImageParadise
+
+module GUI
+
+module Gtk
+
+class ImageEditor < ::Gtk::Box # === ImageParadise::GUI::Gtk::ImageEditor 
+
+  require 'fileutils'
+
+  require 'gtk_paradise/requires/require_the_base_module.rb'
+  include ::Gtk::BaseModule
+
+  require 'image_paradise/gui/gtk3/image_editor/connect_skeleton.rb'
+  require 'image_paradise/toplevel_methods/add_black_border_to_this_image.rb'
+  require 'image_paradise/toplevel_methods/flip_image_left_right.rb'
+  require 'image_paradise/toplevel_methods/greyscale_this_image.rb'
+  require 'image_paradise/toplevel_methods/make_this_image_transparent.rb'
+  require 'image_paradise/toplevel_methods/misc.rb'
+  require 'image_paradise/toplevel_methods/negate.rb'
+  require 'image_paradise/toplevel_methods/resized.rb'
+  require 'image_paradise/toplevel_methods/thumbnail.rb'
+  require 'image_paradise/rotate/rotate.rb'
+  require 'image_paradise/image_to_ascii/image_to_ascii.rb'
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === NAMESPACE
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  NAMESPACE = inspect
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === TITLE
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  TITLE = 'Image-related manipulations'
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === WIDTH
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  WIDTH = '100% or minimum 800px'
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === HEIGHT
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  HEIGHT = '88% or minimum 620px'
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === USE_THIS_FONT
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  USE_THIS_FONT = :dejavu_condensed_18
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === SMALLER_FONT
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  SMALLER_FONT = :dejavu_condensed_16
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === HINT_MAGIC_CARD_CORNER
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  HINT_MAGIC_CARD_CORNER = 'Create a magic rounded border effect.'
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === HINT_MESSAGE_FOR_ROTATING_THE_IMAGE
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  HINT_MESSAGE_FOR_ROTATING_THE_IMAGE =
+    'Click on this button in order to <b>rotate</b> the '\
+    'image by the specified rotation-value. A leading - means '\
+    'that the rotation will occur counter-clockwise.'
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === CLOCKWISE_ROTATION_SYMBOL
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  CLOCKWISE_ROTATION_SYMBOL = '↻'
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === HINT_FOR_BUTTON_OPEN_THE_IMAGE_IN_THE_BROWSER
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  HINT_FOR_BUTTON_OPEN_THE_IMAGE_IN_THE_BROWSER = 'Click on '\
+    'this icon to open the image in the browser.'
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === HINT_FOR_BUTTON_UNDO
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  HINT_FOR_BUTTON_UNDO = 'Click on this button '\
+    'in order to select the prior image in the '\
+    'image-chain.'
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === initialize
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def initialize(
+      commandline_arguments = ARGV,
+      run_already           = true
+    )
+    super(:vertical)
+    reset
+    set_commandline_arguments(
+      commandline_arguments
+    )
+    run if run_already
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === reset                                                     (reset tag)
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def reset
+    reset_the_internal_variables
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === @configuration
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @configuration = [true, __dir__, NAMESPACE]
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Set the title, width, height and the font in use.
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    title_width_height_font(TITLE, WIDTH, HEIGHT, USE_THIS_FONT)
+    use_gtk_paradise_project_css_file 
+    infer_the_size_automatically
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === @path_to_the_image
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @path_to_the_image = '/Depot/j/Unknown1.jpg'
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === @array_images
+    #
+    # This array will store the images the user has been working on.
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @array_images = []
+    button_hover_colour '#cef0ea; /* This is a very light blue. */'
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === padding?
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def padding?
+    2
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === border_size?
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def border_size?
+    0
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === work_on_this_image?
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def work_on_this_image?
+    @work_on_this_image
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_convert_the_image_to_an_ASCII_representation
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_convert_the_image_to_an_ASCII_representation(
+      i = @entry_work_on_the_following_image.text?
+    )
+    a = ::ImageParadise::ImageToAscii.new(i)
+    puts a.to_ascii(color: true)
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === current_file_extension?
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def current_file_extension?
+    File.extname(
+      @entry_work_on_the_following_image.text?
+    )
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === make_a_screenshot
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def make_a_screenshot
+    esystem 'import -window root screenshot.png'
+    this_file_is_the_new_image_file('screenshot.png')
+  end; alias do_make_a_screenshot make_a_screenshot # === do_make_a_screenshot
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === path_to_the_image?
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def path_to_the_image?
+    @path_to_the_image
+  end; alias main_image?             path_to_the_image? # === main_image?
+       alias main_file?              path_to_the_image? # === main_file?
+       alias work_on_which_image?    path_to_the_image? # === work_on_which_image?
+       alias path_to_the_main_image? path_to_the_image? # === path_to_the_main_image?
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === width_of_the_main_image?
+  #
+  # This method depends on ImageMagick "convert" binary. It will return
+  # the width of the main image, as Integer.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def width_of_the_main_image?(
+      main_image = main_image?
+    )
+    `convert #{main_image} -print "%w" /dev/nul`.strip.dup.to_i
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === handle_mouse_click_event_for_the_main_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def handle_mouse_click_event_for_the_main_image(widget, event)
+    x = event.x_coordinate?.round(0)
+    y = event.y_coordinate?.round(0)
+    # This does not work correctly yet; we need to find out how to
+    # get the x and y position from a sub-widget.
+    #    y = (width_of_the_main_image? - y)
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # Next sync it onto the correct entry.
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @entry_crop3.set_text(x.to_s)
+    @entry_crop4.set_text(y.to_s)
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === menu
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def menu(
+      i = @commandline_arguments
+    )
+    if i.is_a? Array
+      i.each {|entry| menu(entry) }
+    else
+      case i
+      when /help/
+        e 'No help option is documented so far.'
+      else
+        if i and i.start_with? 'file://'
+          i = i.to_s.dup
+          i.delete_prefix!('file://')
+        end
+        if i and File.exist?(i)
+          this_file_is_the_new_image_file(i)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_greyscale_the_main_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_greyscale_the_main_image(
+      i = @entry_work_on_the_following_image.text?
+    )
+    new_filename = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    # The old code in place was:
+    #   'greyscaled_image'+current_file_extension?
+    ::ImageParadise.grayscale_this_image(i, new_filename)
+    this_file_is_the_new_image_file(new_filename)
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_flip_the_main_image
+  #
+  # This will flip the image from left to right (or vice versa; is the
+  # same).
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_flip_the_main_image
+    _ = main_image?
+    hash = {
+      use_this_as_the_filepath: increment_the_name_of_this_image(work_on_which_image?)
+    }
+    ImageParadise.flip_image_left_right(
+      _, hash
+    )
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # Also designate it as the new main file in use.
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    if File.exist? hash[:use_this_as_the_filepath]
+      this_file_is_the_new_image_file(hash[:use_this_as_the_filepath])
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_resize_the_main_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_resize_the_main_image(
+      i            = @entry_work_on_the_following_image.text?,
+      by_n_percent = @entry_rotate_n_percent.text?
+    )
+    by_n_percent = by_n_percent.to_i 
+    new_filename = ::ImageParadise.resized(
+      i, by_n_percent, increment_the_name_of_this_image(work_on_which_image?)
+    )
+    this_file_is_the_new_image_file(new_filename)
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_rotate_the_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_rotate_the_image(
+      main_file = main_file?
+    )
+    _ = @entry_rotate_by_n_degrees.text?
+    new_filename = increment_the_name_of_this_image(main_file)
+    ::ImageParadise.rotate_this_image(
+      main_file,
+      _,
+      :default,
+      new_filename
+    )
+    if File.exist? new_filename
+      this_file_is_the_new_image_file(new_filename)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === increment_the_name_of_this_image
+  #
+  # This method will change a name such as "foobar.png" to
+  # "foobar1.png", or "foobar1.png" to "foobar2.png" and so
+  # forth.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def increment_the_name_of_this_image(
+      i = 'foobar.png'
+    )
+    new_name = ''.dup
+    extname = File.extname(i) # e. g. => ".png"
+    basename = File.basename(i).delete_suffix(extname) # This is now e. g. 'foobar'
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # In the past we just used the last character, but this will fail
+    # if we have something like "foobar_012.png". Thus, we must
+    # use a regex instead.
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    if basename =~ /\d+$/ # Ends with at the least one number. In this case, increment it by +1.
+      basename = ::ImageParadise.increment_this_number_by_one(basename)
+      new_name << basename
+    else # else append it
+      new_name << basename+'1'
+    end
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # And append the extname again, e. g. ".png".
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    new_name << extname
+    return File.absolute_path(new_name)
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === return_widget_with_more_buttons_starting_with_the_sharpen_button
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def return_widget_with_more_buttons_starting_with_the_sharpen_button
+    vbox = gtk_vbox
+    vbox.minimal(@button_sharpen_the_image,             1)
+    vbox.minimal(@button_solarize,                      1)
+    vbox.minimal(@button_apply_the_wave_transformation, 1)
+    vbox.minimal(@button_change_the_constrast,          1)
+    vbox.minimal(@button_normalize_the_image,           1)
+    return vbox
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === return_vbox_containing_the_colour_filled_image_button_and_other_buttons
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def return_vbox_containing_the_colour_filled_image_button_and_other_buttons
+    vbox = gtk_vbox
+    vbox.minimal(@button_colour_fill_this_image, 1)
+    vbox.minimal(@button_implode,                1)
+    vbox.minimal(@button_noise_up_the_image,     1)
+    vbox.minimal(@button_raise,                  1)
+    vbox.minimal(@button_sepia_tone,             1)
+    return vbox
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === return_vbox_containing_the_round_the_corner_button_and_other_buttons
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def return_vbox_containing_the_round_the_corner_button_and_other_buttons
+    vbox = gtk_vbox
+    vbox.minimal(@button_shear_effect,          1)
+    vbox.minimal(@button_create_a_thumbnail,    1)
+    vbox.minimal(@button_charcoal,              1)
+    vbox.minimal(@button_make_a_screenshot,     1)
+    return vbox
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === return_label_with_arrow_clock_wise_semi_circle
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def return_label_with_arrow_clock_wise_semi_circle
+    _ = gtk_label(::Gtk::Emojis::ARROW_CLOCK_WISE_SEMI_CIRCLE)
+    _.width_height(40, 40)
+    return _
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === create_the_headerbar                           (top tag, menubar tag)
+  #
+  # This is the top-bar.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def create_the_headerbar
+    @header_bar = gtk_header_bar { :with_close_button }
+    @header_bar.spacing = 5
+    # @header_bar.title = 'Image-manipulation via ruby-gtk3 and ImageMagick'
+    button = gtk_button
+    button.on_clicked { do_open_a_local_image_file }
+    button.add(image_document_open)
+    button.hint = 'Open a local (image) file.'
+    @header_bar.add(button)
+
+    button = gtk_button
+    button.on_clicked { do_revert_the_last_action }
+    button.hint = HINT_FOR_BUTTON_UNDO
+    button.add(image_document_revert)
+    @header_bar.add(button)
+
+    label_with_arrow = return_label_with_arrow_clock_wise_semi_circle
+    event_box = gtk_event_box(label_with_arrow)
+    event_box.hint = HINT_FOR_BUTTON_OPEN_THE_IMAGE_IN_THE_BROWSER
+    event_box.on_clicked {
+      do_open_the_current_image_in_the_browser
+    }
+    @header_bar.add(event_box)
+
+    button = gtk_button
+    button.on_clicked { do_create_a_magic_card_corner_effect }
+    button.hint = HINT_MAGIC_CARD_CORNER
+    button.add(image_document_revert)
+    @header_bar.add(button)
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === create_the_spin_button
+  #
+  # The high number of 5000 is mostly because we may also want to create
+  # large, new images, so this would be width and height. The start
+  # values are lower - 3 and 1, respectively.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def create_the_spin_button
+    @spin_button_for_the_first_argument = gtk_spin_button(0, 5000, 1)
+    @spin_button_for_the_first_argument.center
+    @spin_button_for_the_first_argument.start_value = 3
+    @spin_button_for_the_first_argument.hint = "This is the value "\
+      "for any of the first arguments to a method. For example, "\
+      "if you need to specify a border size of 3, simply set this "\
+      "widget's value to 3."
+    @spin_button_for_the_second_argument = gtk_spin_button(0, 5000, 1)
+    @spin_button_for_the_second_argument.center
+    @spin_button_for_the_second_argument.start_value = 1
+    @spin_button_for_the_second_argument.hint = "This is the value "\
+      "for any of the first arguments to a method. For example, "\
+      "if you need to specify a border size of 3, simply set this "\
+      "widget's value to 3."
+    # @spin_button_for_the_first_argument.on_value_changed {|widget|
+    # }
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === create_the_scrolled_window_and_associated_event_box_for_the_box_for_the_main_image
+  #
+  # This method will create the central scrolled window containing our
+  # image as well.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def create_the_scrolled_window_and_associated_event_box_for_the_box_for_the_main_image
+    @event_box_for_the_main_image = gtk_event_box(
+      @box_for_the_main_image
+    )
+    @scrolled_window_for_the_box_for_the_main_image = gtk_scrolled_window(
+      @event_box_for_the_main_image
+    ) { :always }
+    @scrolled_window_for_the_box_for_the_main_image.set_size_request(
+      680, 520
+    )
+    @event_box_for_the_main_image.signal_connect(:event) {|widget, event|
+      if is_mouse_button_event?(event)
+        case event.button
+        when 1,2,3 # These are all left-mouse-button events.
+          handle_mouse_click_event_for_the_main_image(widget, event)
+        end
+      end
+    }
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === return_draw_rectangle_widget
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def return_draw_rectangle_widget
+    outer_hbox = gtk_hbox
+    inner_vbox = gtk_vbox
+    inner_vbox.minimal(@entry_rectangle_start_position1, 1)
+    inner_vbox.minimal(@entry_rectangle_start_position2, 1)
+    inner_vbox.minimal(@entry_rectangle_start_position3, 1)
+    inner_vbox.minimal(@entry_rectangle_start_position4, 1)
+    outer_hbox.minimal(@button_draw_a_rectangle, 1)
+    outer_hbox.minimal(inner_vbox, 1)
+    return outer_hbox
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_create_a_thumbnail_from_the_main_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_create_a_thumbnail_from_the_main_image(
+      i = @entry_work_on_the_following_image.text?
+    )
+    new_filename = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.thumbnail(
+      i, :default_width_and_size, new_filename
+    )
+    if File.exist? new_filename
+      this_file_is_the_new_image_file(new_filename)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_make_the_main_image_transparent
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_make_the_main_image_transparent(
+      i = path_to_the_main_image?
+    )
+    new_filename = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    result = ::ImageParadise.make_this_image_transparent(i, new_filename)
+    if result.is_a? Array
+      result = result.first
+      if File.exist? result
+        this_file_is_the_new_image_file(result)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  require 'image_paradise/crop/crop.rb'
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_crop_the_image                                          (crop tag)
+  #
+  # This method can be used to crop the main image.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_crop_the_image(
+      main_file = main_file?
+    )
+    string_to_use = @entry_crop1.text?+
+                    'x'+
+                    @entry_crop2.text?+
+                    '+'+
+                    @entry_crop3.text?+
+                    '+'+
+                    @entry_crop4.text?
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # We must query the data-set points to use. Thus we need four entries
+    # as shown above.
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    new_filename = increment_the_name_of_this_image(main_file)
+    ::ImageParadise.crop(
+      main_file,
+      string_to_use,
+      new_filename
+    )
+    if File.exist? new_filename
+      this_file_is_the_new_image_file(new_filename)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === return_widget_containing_the_write_text_functionality
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def return_widget_containing_the_write_text_functionality
+    vbox = gtk_vbox
+    @entry_write_this_text = gtk_entry
+    @entry_write_this_text.center
+    @entry_write_this_text.on_enter { do_write_text }
+    @entry_write_this_text.highlight_on_focus
+    @entry_x_coordinate = gtk_entry('10')
+    @entry_x_coordinate.hint = 'The <b>x coordinate</b>.'
+    @entry_x_coordinate.center
+    @entry_x_coordinate.on_enter { do_write_text }
+    @entry_y_coordinate = gtk_entry('10')
+    @entry_y_coordinate.hint = 'The <b>x coordinate</b>.'
+    @entry_y_coordinate.center
+    @entry_y_coordinate.on_enter { do_write_text }
+    another_small_vbox = gtk_vbox
+    another_small_vbox.minimal(text('Use this colour:'))
+    another_small_vbox.minimal(@entry_use_this_colour)
+    vbox.minimal(another_small_vbox,     1)
+    vbox.minimal(@button_shade,          1)
+    vbox.minimal(@button_write_text,     1)
+    vbox.minimal(@entry_write_this_text, 1)
+    hbox = gtk_hbox
+    hbox.maximal(@entry_x_coordinate,    1)
+    hbox.maximal(@entry_y_coordinate,    1)
+    vbox.minimal(
+      hbox, 1
+    )
+    return vbox
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === return_the_widget_containing_the_crop_button_and_the_associated_entries
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def return_the_widget_containing_the_crop_button_and_the_associated_entries
+    vbox = gtk_vbox
+    vbox.minimal(@entry_crop1, 1)
+    vbox.minimal(@entry_crop2, 1)
+    vbox.minimal(@entry_crop3, 1)
+    vbox.minimal(@entry_crop4, 1)
+    vbox.minimal(@button_crop_the_image, 1)
+    return vbox
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_draw_a_line
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_draw_a_line(
+      main_file = main_file?
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(main_file)
+    _ = 'convert '+main_file.to_s+' '+
+        ::ImageParadise.return_draw_line(
+          [@entry_start_position1.text?, @entry_start_position2.text?],
+          [@entry_start_position3.text?, @entry_start_position4.text?],
+          return_colour_from_the_border_colour_entry,
+          strokewidth: @entry_strokewidth.text?
+        )+
+        ' '+
+        output_file
+    esystem _
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_file_is_the_new_image_file(output_file)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_draw_a_rectangle
+  #
+  # This method will draw a rectangle onto the main image.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_draw_a_rectangle(
+      main_file = main_file?
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(main_file)
+    _ = 'convert '+main_file.to_s+' '+
+        ::ImageParadise.return_draw_rectangle(
+          [@entry_rectangle_start_position1.text?, @entry_rectangle_start_position2.text?],
+          [@entry_rectangle_start_position3.text?, @entry_rectangle_start_position4.text?],
+          return_colour_from_the_border_colour_entry
+        )+
+        ' '+
+        output_file
+    esystem _
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_file_is_the_new_image_file(output_file)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === return_the_widget_containing_the_draw_line_functionality
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def return_the_widget_containing_the_draw_line_functionality
+    outer_hbox = gtk_hbox
+    inner_vbox = gtk_vbox
+    @entry_start_position1 = gtk_entry('10') { :do_center }
+    @entry_start_position2 = gtk_entry('10') { :do_center }
+    @entry_start_position3 = gtk_entry('70') { :do_center }
+    @entry_start_position4 = gtk_entry('90') { :do_center }
+    @entry_strokewidth     = gtk_entry('1') { :do_center }
+    @entry_strokewidth.hint = 'This entry specifies the '\
+      '<b>stroke-width</b> of the line in use.'
+    spinner_button = gtk_spinner_button {{ start_point: 1 }}
+    spinner_button.connect_to(@entry_strokewidth) # Connect it to this widget.
+    hbox_containing_entry_strokewidth_and_spinner_button = gtk_hbox
+    hbox_containing_entry_strokewidth_and_spinner_button.minimal(@entry_strokewidth)
+    hbox_containing_entry_strokewidth_and_spinner_button.minimal(spinner_button)
+    inner_vbox.minimal(@entry_start_position1, 1)
+    inner_vbox.minimal(@entry_start_position2, 1)
+    inner_vbox.minimal(@entry_start_position3, 1)
+    inner_vbox.minimal(@entry_start_position4, 1)
+    inner_vbox.minimal(hbox_containing_entry_strokewidth_and_spinner_button, 1)
+    outer_hbox.minimal(@button_draw_a_line, 1)
+    outer_hbox.minimal(inner_vbox, 1)
+    return outer_hbox
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === update_the_info_box
+  #
+  # This method can be used to specifically update the widget showing
+  # information about the image - be it the width, the size, or any
+  # additional meta-data that may be stored in the image at hand.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def update_the_info_box(
+      main_image = main_image?
+    )
+    if File.exist? main_image
+      analysed_string = `convert #{main_image} -print "Resolution: <b>%wx%h px</b>" /dev/nul`.strip.dup
+      # Assume a String like: "Size: 819x453"
+      analysed_string << "\nFile size: "\
+                         "<b>#{(File.size(main_image) / 1024.0).round(2)} kb</b>"
+      @label_resolution.set_text(analysed_string)
+      @label_resolution.do_markify
+      # ===================================================================== #
+      # Next, identify comments in the image at hand:
+      # ===================================================================== #
+      result = `identify -verbose #{main_image}`
+      if result.include?('Properties:') and result.include?('  comment: ')
+        scanned = result.scan(/    comment: (.+)$/).flatten
+        unless scanned.empty?
+          _ = scanned.first.to_s
+          if _.size > 15
+            _ = _[0 .. 15]+' [...]'
+          end
+          @label_comments_stored_in_the_image.set_text(
+            "Comment: \n<b>#{_}</b>"
+          )
+          @label_comments_stored_in_the_image.do_markify
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_negate_the_main_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_negate_the_main_image(
+      i = @entry_work_on_the_following_image.text?
+    )
+    new_filename = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i) 
+    ::ImageParadise.negate(i, new_filename)
+    this_file_is_the_new_image_file(new_filename)
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_write_text
+  #
+  # This method can be used to draw text onto the main image.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_write_text(
+      i            = main_file?,
+      x_coordinate = @entry_x_coordinate.text?,
+      y_coordinate = @entry_y_coordinate.text?
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    _ = @entry_write_this_text.text?
+    if _.empty?
+      e 'No text has been assigned.'
+      return_popover(
+        'Please assign some text.',
+        @entry_write_this_text,
+        10
+      )
+    else
+      cmd = 'convert '+i+' -fill '+main_colour?+' -pointsize 30 -draw '\
+            '"text '+x_coordinate.to_s+','+y_coordinate.to_s+' \''+_+'\'" '.dup
+      cmd << '-font computerfont '
+      cmd << output_file
+      esystem cmd
+      if File.exist? output_file
+        this_is_the_new_image(output_file)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_apply_a_circle_mask
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_apply_a_circle_mask(
+      i = main_file?
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.circle_masked(i, output_file)
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_apply_a_torn_paper_effect
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_apply_a_torn_paper_effect(
+      i = main_file?
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.torn_paper(i, :default, output_file)
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_apply_a_shadow_effect
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_apply_a_shadow_effect(
+      i             = main_file?,
+      colour_to_use = return_colour_from_the_border_colour_entry
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.shadow(i, colour_to_use, output_file)
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_chop_away_outer_pixels
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_chop_away_outer_pixels(
+      i = main_file?
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.chop_away_outer_pixels(
+      i,
+      @spin_button_for_the_first_argument.text?, # 5px
+      output_file
+    )
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_charcoal_the_main_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_charcoal_the_main_image(
+      i               = main_file?,
+      radius_to_apply = @spin_button_for_the_first_argument.text?
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.charcoal(
+      i,
+      radius_to_apply, # 5px
+      output_file
+    )
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_colour_fill_the_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_colour_fill_the_image(
+      i                   = main_file?,
+      percentage_to_apply = @spin_button_for_the_first_argument.text?
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.colour_fill_this_image(
+      i,
+      main_colour?,
+      percentage_to_apply,
+      output_file
+    )
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === return_colour_from_the_border_colour_entry
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def return_colour_from_the_border_colour_entry
+    @entry_use_this_colour.text?
+  end; alias main_colour? return_colour_from_the_border_colour_entry # === main_colour?
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_implode_the_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_implode_the_image(
+      i                   = main_file?,
+      percentage_to_apply = @spin_button_for_the_first_argument.text?
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.implode(
+      i,
+      percentage_to_apply,
+      output_file
+    )
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_noise_up_the_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_noise_up_the_image(
+      i             = main_file?,
+      noise_up_by_n = @spin_button_for_the_first_argument.text?
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.noise(
+      i,
+      noise_up_by_n,
+      output_file
+    )
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_raise_the_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_raise_the_image(
+      i             = main_file?,
+      noise_up_by_n = "#{@spin_button_for_the_first_argument.text?}x#{@spin_button_for_the_second_argument.text?}"
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.raise(
+      i,
+      noise_up_by_n,
+      output_file
+    )
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_apply_the_sepia_filter
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_apply_the_sepia_filter(
+      i       = main_file?,
+      up_by_n = "#{@spin_button_for_the_first_argument.text?}"
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.sepia_filter(
+      i,
+      up_by_n,
+      output_file
+    )
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === undo                                                       (undo tag)
+  #
+  # This is for the undo-operation.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def undo(
+      i = @array_images
+    )
+    if i.size > 0
+      i.pop
+      if i and i.last
+        this_is_the_new_image(i.last) if File.exist?(i.last)
+      end
+    else
+      e 'No image is stored in @array_images.'
+    end
+  end; alias do_revert_the_last_action undo # === do_revert_the_last_action
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_create_a_shade_effect
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_create_a_shade_effect(
+      i       = main_file?,
+      up_by_n = "#{@spin_button_for_the_first_argument.text?}x#{@spin_button_for_the_second_argument.text?}"
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.shade_effect(
+      i,
+      up_by_n,
+      output_file
+    )
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_sharpen_the_image_at_hand
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_sharpen_the_image_at_hand(
+      i       = main_file?,
+      up_by_n = "#{@spin_button_for_the_first_argument.text?}"
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.sharpen(
+      i,
+      up_by_n,
+      output_file
+    )
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_solarize_the_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_solarize_the_image(
+      i       = main_file?,
+      up_by_n = "#{@spin_button_for_the_first_argument.text?}"
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.solarize(
+      i,
+      up_by_n,
+      output_file
+    )
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_apply_the_wave_transformation
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_apply_the_wave_transformation(
+      i             = main_file?,
+      noise_up_by_n = "#{@spin_button_for_the_first_argument.text?}x#{@spin_button_for_the_second_argument.text?}"
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.wave(
+      i,
+      noise_up_by_n,
+      output_file
+    )
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_change_the_contrast
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_change_the_contrast(
+      i             = main_file?,
+      noise_up_by_n = "#{@spin_button_for_the_first_argument.text?}"
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.contrast(
+      i,
+      noise_up_by_n,
+      output_file
+    )
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_normalize_the_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_normalize_the_image(
+      i = main_file?
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.normalize(
+      i,
+      output_file
+    )
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_apply_a_shear_effect
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_apply_a_shear_effect(
+      i            = path_to_the_main_image?,
+      shear_factor = @spin_button_for_the_first_argument.value.to_s
+    )
+    new_filename = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    new_filename = ::ImageParadise.shear(
+      i, shear_factor.to_s+'x0', new_filename
+    )
+    if new_filename and File.exist? new_filename
+      this_file_is_the_new_image_file(new_filename)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_create_a_new_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_create_a_new_image(
+      new_filename = 'foobar.png',
+      width        = first_value?,
+      height       = second_value?
+    )
+    esystem 'convert -size '+width.to_s+'x'+height.to_s+
+            ' xc:'+@entry_background_colour_for_a_new_image.text?+
+            ' '+new_filename
+    if File.exist? new_filename
+      this_file_is_the_new_image_file(new_filename)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === first_value?
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def first_value? 
+    @spin_button_for_the_first_argument.text?.to_s
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === second_value?
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def second_value?
+    @spin_button_for_the_second_argument.text?.to_s
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === return_widget_containing_the_undo_button
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def return_widget_containing_the_undo_button
+    vbox = gtk_vbox
+    hbox = gtk_hbox
+    hbox.minimal(@button_open_file,             2)
+    hbox.minimal(@button_create_a_new_image,    2)
+    hbox.minimal(@button_convert_to_png_format, 2)
+    vbox.minimal(hbox, 1)
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # The undo-button will be in a hbox that is minimal, and centered.
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    hbox1 = gtk_hbox
+    hbox1.minimal(@button_undo, 1)
+    hbox1.centered_container
+    vbox.minimal(hbox1, 2)
+    _ = text("Background-colour \nfor a new image")
+    _.use_this_font = :hack_16
+    vbox.minimal(_, 1)
+    vbox.minimal(@entry_background_colour_for_a_new_image, 1)
+    return vbox
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_create_a_border_around_the_image
+  #
+  # The third argument defines which colour is to be used for the
+  # border.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_create_a_border_around_the_image(
+      i               = path_to_the_main_image?,
+      border_size     = @spin_button_for_the_first_argument.value.to_s,
+      use_this_colour = @entry_use_this_colour.text?
+    )
+    new_filename = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    new_filename = ::ImageParadise.add_border_to_this_image(
+      i, border_size, use_this_colour, new_filename
+    )
+    if new_filename and File.exist? new_filename
+      this_file_is_the_new_image_file(new_filename)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_round_the_corner
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_round_the_corner(
+      i = main_file?
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.rounded_corner(i, output_file)
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(output_file)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_create_a_magic_card_corner_effect
+  #
+  # This combines two other effects.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_create_a_magic_card_corner_effect(
+      i = main_file?
+    )
+    do_create_a_border_around_the_image(i, 10, :black)
+    do_round_the_corner
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_randomly_change_the_colour_of_the_entry_keeping_track_of_the_colour
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_randomly_change_the_colour_of_the_entry_keeping_track_of_the_colour(
+      modify_this_entry = @entry_use_this_colour
+    )
+    modify_this_entry.set_text(
+      random_html_colour.to_s
+    )
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_create_a_drop_shadow_effect
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_create_a_drop_shadow_effect(
+      i               = path_to_the_main_image?,
+      use_this_colour = @entry_use_this_colour.text?
+    )
+    new_filename = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    new_filename = ::ImageParadise.drop_shadow_effect(
+      i, use_this_colour, new_filename
+    )
+    if new_filename and File.exist? new_filename
+      this_file_is_the_new_image_file(new_filename)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === return_rotate_the_image_widget
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def return_rotate_the_image_widget
+    button_rotate_the_image_with_a_symbol = gtk_button(CLOCKWISE_ROTATION_SYMBOL)
+    button_rotate_the_image_with_a_symbol.bblack1
+    button_rotate_the_image_with_a_symbol.hint = HINT_MESSAGE_FOR_ROTATING_THE_IMAGE
+    button_rotate_the_image_with_a_symbol.on_clicked {
+      do_rotate_the_image
+    }
+    vbox = gtk_vbox
+    vbox.minimal(@entry_rotate_by_n_degrees, 1)
+    vbox.minimal(button_rotate_the_image_with_a_symbol, 1)
+    vbox.maximal(@button_rotate_the_image, 1)
+    return vbox
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === return_the_widget_containing_the_button_create_border
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def return_the_widget_containing_the_button_create_border
+    vbox = gtk_vbox
+    vbox.maximal(@button_create_border,            1)
+    vbox.maximal(@button_round_the_corner,         1)
+    vbox.maximal(@button_create_magic_card_corner, 1)
+    return vbox
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === create_the_main_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def create_the_main_image
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # Load up the image from a file. @work_on_this_image will be an
+    # instance of Gtk::Image.
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @work_on_this_image = image_from_file(@path_to_the_image)
+    @work_on_this_image.bblack2
+    @work_on_this_image.css_class('pad5px')
+    this_file_is_the_new_image_file(@path_to_the_image)
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === create_the_button_boxes
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def create_the_button_boxes
+    @button_box1 = gtk_hbox
+    @button_box2 = gtk_hbox
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_open_the_current_image_in_the_browser
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_open_the_current_image_in_the_browser(
+      i = @entry_work_on_the_following_image.text?
+    )
+    require 'open'
+    Open.in_browser(i.to_s)
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_open_a_local_image_file                                 (open tag)
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_open_a_local_image_file
+    create_a_new_file_chooser_dialog(self) {{
+      start_dir:               (Dir.pwd+'/').squeeze('/'),
+      additional_directories: %w(
+                                /home/x/data/images/
+                                /home/x/data/images/NJOY/,
+                                /Depot/j/
+                                /Depot/jj/
+                                /Depot/jjj/
+                              )
+    }}
+    _ = ::Gtk.main_file?
+    if _ and File.exist?(_)
+      this_is_the_new_image(_)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === create_skeleton                            (create tag, skeleton tag)
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def create_skeleton
+    @box_for_the_main_image = gtk_hbox
+    create_the_button_boxes
+    create_the_buttons
+    create_the_entries
+    create_the_main_image
+    create_the_headerbar
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === smaller_font?
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def smaller_font?
+    SMALLER_FONT
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === return_widget_containing_information_about_an_image
+  #
+  # This is the widget that contains information about the image at hand.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def return_widget_containing_information_about_an_image(
+      main_image = main_image?
+    )
+    frame = gtk_frame
+    frame.set_label('Information about the image: ')
+    frame.set_border_width(8)
+    frame.use_this_font = smaller_font?
+    vbox = gtk_vbox
+    @label_resolution = label('Resolution: ')
+    @label_comments_stored_in_the_image = label
+    vbox << @label_resolution
+    vbox << @label_comments_stored_in_the_image
+    vbox.use_this_font = smaller_font?
+    frame << vbox
+    return frame
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === create_the_entries                           (entries tag, entry tag)
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def create_the_entries(
+      length_of_the_selection = 300
+    )
+
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === @entry_work_on_the_following_image
+    #
+    # This entry contains the path to our current image.
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @entry_work_on_the_following_image = gtk_entry
+    @entry_work_on_the_following_image.set_max_length(150)
+    @entry_work_on_the_following_image.center
+    @entry_work_on_the_following_image.yellow_background
+    @entry_work_on_the_following_image.read_only
+    @entry_work_on_the_following_image.select_region(0, 1)
+    @entry_work_on_the_following_image.css_class('border_steelblue_2px')
+    @entry_work_on_the_following_image.on_enter_key {
+      _ = @entry_work_on_the_following_image.text?
+      if _ and File.exist?(_)
+        this_file_is_the_new_image_file(_)
+      end
+    }
+    @entry_work_on_the_following_image.make_scrollable
+    @entry_work_on_the_following_image.on_scrolled {|widget, event|
+      _ = widget.text?
+      if    scroll_up_event?(event) and !_.empty? and _.include?('.') and _.include?('/')
+        # =================================================================== #
+        # Scroll-up event:
+        # =================================================================== #
+        try_to_assign_a_new_random_image_from_the_base_directory_of_entry_work_on_the_following_image
+      elsif scroll_down_event?(event) and !_.empty? and _.include?('.') and _.include?('/')
+        # =================================================================== #
+        # Scroll-down event:
+        # =================================================================== #
+        try_to_assign_a_new_random_image_from_the_base_directory_of_entry_work_on_the_following_image
+      end
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === @entry_rotate_by_n_degrees
+    #
+    # This is the entry associated with the rotate-image functionality.
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @entry_rotate_by_n_degrees = gtk_entry('+90')
+    @entry_rotate_by_n_degrees.on_enter {
+      do_rotate_the_image
+    }
+    @entry_rotate_by_n_degrees.hint = 'Rotate by n degrees. You can use '\
+      'leading + or - to indicate forward-rotation or backwards '\
+      'rotation. Forward rotation means clock-wise rotation. Backwards '\
+      'rotation refers to counter-clock-wise rotation.'
+    @entry_rotate_by_n_degrees.center
+    
+    @entry_crop1 = gtk_entry(length_of_the_selection.to_s) {{ max_length: 8 }}
+    @entry_crop1.center
+    @entry_crop1.hint = 'Width of the new image'
+
+    @entry_crop2 = gtk_entry(length_of_the_selection.to_s) {{ max_length: 8 }}
+    @entry_crop2.center
+    @entry_crop2.hint = 'Height of the new image'
+
+    @entry_crop3 = gtk_entry('15')  {{ max_length: 8 }}
+    @entry_crop3.center
+    @entry_crop3.hint = 'Left-start of the crop-rectangle'
+
+    @entry_crop4 = gtk_entry('15')  {{ max_length: 8 }}
+    @entry_crop4.center
+    @entry_crop4.hint = 'Right-start of the crop-rectangle'
+
+    @entry_rectangle_start_position1 = gtk_entry('0')
+    @entry_rectangle_start_position1.center
+    @entry_rectangle_start_position1.hint =
+      'start-position of the x-axis'
+    @entry_rectangle_start_position2 = gtk_entry('0')
+    @entry_rectangle_start_position2.center
+    @entry_rectangle_start_position2.hint =
+      'start-position of the y-axis'
+    @entry_rectangle_start_position3 = gtk_entry('40')
+    @entry_rectangle_start_position3.center
+    @entry_rectangle_start_position3.hint =
+      'This designates the <b>width</b> of the rectangle.'
+    @entry_rectangle_start_position4 = gtk_entry('140')
+    @entry_rectangle_start_position4.center
+    @entry_rectangle_start_position4.hint =
+      'This designates the <b>height</b> of the rectangle.'
+
+    @entry_background_colour_for_a_new_image = gtk_entry('white')
+    @entry_background_colour_for_a_new_image.select_everything_on_click
+    @entry_background_colour_for_a_new_image.center
+    @entry_background_colour_for_a_new_image.hint =
+      'This entry designates the <b>background-color</b> '\
+       'for a new image.'
+    @entry_background_colour_for_a_new_image.enable_scroll_events
+    @entry_background_colour_for_a_new_image.on_scrolled {
+      do_randomly_change_the_colour_of_the_entry_keeping_track_of_the_colour(
+        @entry_background_colour_for_a_new_image
+      )
+    }
+
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # Next create the entry that contains which colour we should use, when 
+    # making a border.
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @entry_use_this_colour = gtk_entry('black')
+    @entry_use_this_colour.hint = 'This specifies the colour to use for '\
+      'any particular operation, if it makes sense in that context. The '\
+      'default will be black, so if you make a border, that border '\
+      'will be black. You can use the scrollwheel of the mouse '\
+      'to randomly pick another colour here.'
+    @entry_use_this_colour.center
+    @entry_use_this_colour.on_click_select_everything
+    @entry_use_this_colour.enable_scroll_events
+    @entry_use_this_colour.on_scrolled {
+      do_randomly_change_the_colour_of_the_entry_keeping_track_of_the_colour
+    }
+    # @entry_use_this_colour.on_clicked {
+    #   do_create_a_border_around_the_image
+    #}
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === cd_to_the_log_directory
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def cd_to_the_log_directory(
+      log_dir = ImageParadise.log_dir?
+    )
+    FileUtils.mkdir_p(log_dir) unless File.directory?(log_dir)
+    cd log_dir
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === is_an_image_file?
+  #
+  # Note that this does not work on .gif files, as some of them may be
+  # animated .gif files. One day this should be changed, if we can
+  # find out which .gif file is animated - but for now this is not
+  # the case.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def is_an_image_file?(i)
+    %w( .png .jpg ).include?(File.extname(i))
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === try_to_assign_a_new_random_image_from_the_base_directory_of_entry_work_on_the_following_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def try_to_assign_a_new_random_image_from_the_base_directory_of_entry_work_on_the_following_image
+    _ = @entry_work_on_the_following_image.text?
+    if _.include?('/')
+      basedir = File.dirname(_)+'/'
+      if File.directory? basedir
+        random_file = Dir[basedir+'*'].select {|entry| is_an_image_file?(entry) }.sample
+        if File.exist? random_file
+          this_is_the_new_image(random_file) { :be_verbose }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_convert_to_png_format
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_convert_to_png_format(
+      i = main_file?
+    )
+    if i.end_with? '.png'
+      e 'Can not convert as it is already a .png file.'
+    else
+      # ===================================================================== #
+      # We prefer the absolute path, as it is easier to find out where
+      # the new image file will reside at.
+      # ===================================================================== #
+      output_file = File.absolute_path(
+        File.basename(i).delete_suffix(File.extname(i))+'.png'
+      )
+      esystem "convert #{i} #{output_file}"
+      if output_file and File.exist?(output_file)
+        this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === this_file_is_the_new_image_file
+  #
+  # This method is used to designate the current main image file in use.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def this_file_is_the_new_image_file(i, &block)
+    i = i.to_s
+    @path_to_the_image = File.absolute_path(i)
+    if @path_to_the_image and File.exist?(@path_to_the_image)
+      if block_given?
+        yielded = yield
+        case yielded
+        # =================================================================== #
+        # === :be_verbose
+        # =================================================================== #
+        when :be_verbose
+          e "Assigning the image #{i} next."
+        end
+      end
+      @work_on_this_image.set_file(
+        @path_to_the_image
+      )
+      unless (@array_images.last == @path_to_the_image)
+        @array_images << @path_to_the_image
+      end
+      @entry_work_on_the_following_image.set_text(@path_to_the_image)
+      update_the_info_box(@path_to_the_image)
+    end
+  end; alias this_is_the_new_image this_file_is_the_new_image_file # === this_is_the_new_image
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === create_the_buttons                          (buttons tag, button tag)
+  #
+  # All buttons will have bblack1, aka a black border.
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def create_the_buttons
+    create_the_spin_button
+    @button_colour_button = gtk_colour_button
+    @button_colour_button.bblack1
+    @button_colour_button.pad2px
+    @button_colour_button.signal_connect(:color_set) {
+      # ===================================================================== #
+      # When a colour is chosen by the user, we must sync it downwards.
+      # ===================================================================== #
+      @entry_use_this_colour.set_text(
+        @button_colour_button.color.to_s
+      )
+    }
+    @button_colour_button.color = '#616135358383' # Use a starting-colour.
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the solarize button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_solarize = gtk_button('Solarize')
+    @button_solarize.hint = 'This button will '\
+      '"solarize", aka lighten-up, the given image at hand.'
+    @button_solarize.on_clicked {
+      do_solarize_the_image
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the to-png button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_convert_to_png_format = gtk_button('to_png')
+    @button_convert_to_png_format.hint = 'This button will '\
+      'convert the file into a .png file (unless it already '\
+      'is a .png file).'
+    @button_convert_to_png_format.on_clicked {
+      do_convert_to_png_format
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the colour-fill button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_colour_fill_this_image = gtk_button('Colour fill the image')
+    @button_colour_fill_this_image.hint = 'Click this button to '\
+      'fill the image with the designated colour.'
+    @button_colour_fill_this_image.on_clicked {
+      do_colour_fill_the_image
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the shade button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_shade = gtk_button('Create a shade-effect')
+    @button_shade.hint = 'Click this button to '\
+      'create a shade effect onto the image at hand.'
+    @button_shade.on_clicked {
+      do_create_a_shade_effect
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the sharpen-image button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_sharpen_the_image = gtk_button('Sharpen the image')
+    @button_sharpen_the_image.hint = 'Click this button to '\
+      'sharpen the image at hand.'
+    @button_sharpen_the_image.on_clicked {
+      do_sharpen_the_image_at_hand
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the implode button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_implode = gtk_button('Implode the image')
+    @button_implode.hint = 'Click this button to '\
+      'implode onto the center of the image.'
+    @button_implode.on_clicked {
+      do_implode_the_image
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the change-contrast button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_change_the_constrast = gtk_button('Change the contrast')
+    @button_change_the_constrast.hint = 'Click this button to '\
+      'change the contrast (increase or decrease) '\
+      'of the image.'
+    @button_change_the_constrast.on_clicked {
+      do_change_the_contrast
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the noise button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_noise_up_the_image = gtk_button('Noise-up the image')
+    @button_noise_up_the_image.hint = 'Click this button to '\
+      'noise-up the image. This will either add or remove '\
+      'noise to an image. It can be used to smooth out an '\
+      'image, if these have slight imperfections - a bit '\
+      'like a blur-filter.'
+    @button_noise_up_the_image.on_clicked {
+      do_noise_up_the_image
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the round-the-corner button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_round_the_corner = gtk_button('Round the corner')
+    @button_round_the_corner.hint = 'Click this to '\
+      'round the corner. This currently does not work for '\
+      '<b>.jpg</b> files.'
+    @button_round_the_corner.on_clicked {
+      do_round_the_corner
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the write-text button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_write_text = gtk_button('Write text')
+    @button_write_text.hint = 'This button commits the text stored below '\
+      'onto the main image.'
+    @button_write_text.on_clicked {
+      do_write_text
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the sepia-tone button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_sepia_tone = gtk_button('Sepia tone')
+    @button_sepia_tone.hint = 'This button will sepia-change the image. '\
+      'This will look a bit like in old photographs.'
+    @button_sepia_tone.on_clicked {
+      do_apply_the_sepia_filter
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the open-file-button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_open_file = gtk_button('Open File')
+    @button_open_file.hint = 'Click on this button '\
+      'in order to select a local .cfdg file to open.'
+    @button_open_file.on_clicked {
+      do_open_a_local_image_file
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the undo-button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_undo = gtk_bold_button('Undo')
+    @button_undo.css_class 'clear_background'
+    @button_undo.css_class('BG_lightsteelblue')
+    @button_undo.hint = HINT_FOR_BUTTON_UNDO
+    @button_undo.on_clicked {
+      undo
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Button for the "draw-rectangle" functionality
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_draw_a_rectangle = gtk_button("Draw a\nrectangle")
+    @button_draw_a_rectangle.hint = 'Click on this button to draw '\
+      'a rectangle, specified via the start points to the right '\
+      'side.'
+    @button_draw_a_rectangle.on_clicked {
+      do_draw_a_rectangle
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Button for the "draw-line" functionality
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_draw_a_line = gtk_button("Draw a\nline")
+    @button_draw_a_line.hint = 'Click on this '\
+      'button to draw a line, specified via the '\
+      'start points to the right side.'
+    @button_draw_a_line.on_clicked {
+      do_draw_a_line
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Button for the "wave-transformation" functionality
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_apply_the_wave_transformation = gtk_button('_Wave')
+    @button_apply_the_wave_transformation.hint = 'Click on this '\
+      'button to apply a wave-transformation onto the image.'
+    @button_apply_the_wave_transformation.on_clicked {
+      do_apply_the_wave_transformation
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Button for the "normalize" functionality
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_normalize_the_image = gtk_button('_Normalize')
+    @button_normalize_the_image.hint = 'Click on this '\
+      'button to normalize the given image. This will often make an '\
+      'image "prettier". Give it a try!'
+    @button_normalize_the_image.on_clicked {
+      do_normalize_the_image
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the crop-button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_crop_the_image = gtk_button('Crop')
+    @button_crop_the_image.hint = 'Click on this '\
+      'to crop the image.'
+    @button_crop_the_image.on_clicked {
+      do_crop_the_image
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the make-screenshot button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_make_a_screenshot = gtk_button('Screenshot')
+    @button_make_a_screenshot.hint = 'This button will '\
+      'make a screenshot of what is currently shown on '\
+      'the screen.'
+    @button_make_a_screenshot.on_clicked {
+      do_make_a_screenshot
+    }
+    @button_make_a_screenshot.width_height(20, 20)
+
+    @button_greyscale_this_image = gtk_button('Grayscale the image')
+    @button_greyscale_this_image.hint = 'This button will '\
+      'remove all colours from the image. It will thus be a '\
+      'grey, white and black image.'
+    @button_greyscale_this_image.on_clicked {
+      do_greyscale_the_main_image
+    }
+    #@button_to_ascii = gtk_button('Convert to ASCII')
+    #@button_to_ascii.hint = 'This button will convert the image '\
+    #  'to an ASCII approximation of said image.'
+    #@button_to_ascii.on_clicked {
+    #  do_convert_the_image_to_an_ASCII_representation
+    #}
+    @button_flip_the_image = gtk_button('Flip horizontally')
+    @button_flip_the_image.hint = 'Click on this button if '\
+      'you wish to flip the image at hand 180°.'
+    @button_flip_the_image.on_clicked {
+      do_flip_the_main_image
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the "Make transparent" button next
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_make_the_image_transparent = gtk_button('Make transparent')
+    @button_make_the_image_transparent.hint = 'Click on this button '\
+      'to make the image transparent.'
+    @button_make_the_image_transparent.on_clicked {
+      do_make_the_main_image_transparent
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the "circle mask" button next
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_circle_mask = gtk_button('Circle mask')
+    @button_circle_mask.hint = 'Click on this button '\
+      'to change the image to a roundish shap.'
+    @button_circle_mask.on_clicked {
+      do_apply_a_circle_mask
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the "raise" button next
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_raise = gtk_button('Raise')
+    @button_raise.hint = 'Click on this button '\
+      'to raise the image.'
+    @button_raise.on_clicked {
+      do_raise_the_image
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the "torn paper" button next
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_torn_paper_effect = gtk_button('Torn paper effect')
+    @button_torn_paper_effect.hint = 'Click on this button '\
+      'to change the image to display a torn-paper effect.'
+    @button_torn_paper_effect.on_clicked {
+      do_apply_a_torn_paper_effect
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the "shadow effect" button next
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_shadow_effect = gtk_button('Shadow effect')
+    @button_shadow_effect.hint = 'Click on this button '\
+      'to create a shadow-effect on the main image.'
+    @button_shadow_effect.on_clicked {
+      do_apply_a_shadow_effect
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the "shear effect" button next
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_shear_effect = gtk_button('Shear effect')
+    @button_shear_effect.hint = 'Click on this button '\
+      'to shear the main image.'
+    @button_shear_effect.on_clicked {
+      do_apply_a_shear_effect
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the "chop away n pixel" button next
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_chop_away_n_pixel = gtk_button('Chop away n pixel')
+    @button_chop_away_n_pixel.hint = 'Click on this button '\
+      'to chop away n pixel. n is determined by the entry '\
+      'for the border-size (in px).'
+    @button_chop_away_n_pixel.on_clicked {
+      do_chop_away_outer_pixels
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the negate-button next
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_negate = gtk_button('_Negate')
+    @button_negate.do_use_underline
+    @button_negate.hint = 'Colour-flip the image (negate).'
+    @button_negate.on_clicked {
+      do_negate_the_main_image
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the drop-shadow effect
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_create_drop_shadow_effect = gtk_button('Drop-shadow effect')
+    @button_create_drop_shadow_effect.hint = 'Create a drop-shadow effect.'
+    @button_create_drop_shadow_effect.on_clicked {
+      do_create_a_drop_shadow_effect
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === @button_rotate_the_image
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_rotate_the_image = gtk_button('Rotate the image')
+    @button_rotate_the_image.bblack1
+    @button_rotate_the_image.hint = HINT_MESSAGE_FOR_ROTATING_THE_IMAGE
+    @button_rotate_the_image.on_clicked {
+      do_rotate_the_image
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the create-new-image-button next
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_create_a_new_image = gtk_button('New Image')
+    @button_create_a_new_image.hint = 'Create a new image. This will take '\
+      'width and height supplied by the two entries that allow you '\
+      'to input numbers, on the right hand side of this widget. The '\
+      'first value will become the width, the second value will become '\
+      'the height.'
+    @button_create_a_new_image.on_clicked {
+      do_create_a_new_image
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the create-border button next
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_create_border = gtk_button('Create a _border')
+    @button_create_border.apply_mnemonic
+    @button_create_border.hint = 'Create a border '\
+      'around the image. The colour of this border '\
+      'defaults to black, but you can designate '\
+      'another colour in the entry that designates which colour '\
+      'will be used (on the right side of the main widget).'
+    @button_create_border.on_clicked {
+      do_create_a_border_around_the_image
+    }
+    @button_create_magic_card_corner = gtk_button('Magic card corner')
+    @button_create_magic_card_corner.apply_mnemonic
+    @button_create_magic_card_corner.hint = HINT_MAGIC_CARD_CORNER
+    @button_create_magic_card_corner.on_clicked {
+      do_create_a_magic_card_corner_effect
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the resize-image button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_resize_the_image = gtk_button('Resize the image')
+    @button_resize_the_image.hint = 'Resize the image via '\
+      'this button.'
+    @button_resize_the_image.on_clicked {
+      do_resize_the_main_image
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the thumbnail-button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_create_a_thumbnail = gtk_button('Create a thumbnail')
+    @button_create_a_thumbnail.disallow_resizing
+    @button_create_a_thumbnail.width_height(80, 25)
+    @button_create_a_thumbnail.hint = 'This will create '\
+      'a thumbnail from the image.'
+    @button_create_a_thumbnail.on_clicked {
+      do_create_a_thumbnail_from_the_main_image
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the charcoal-button
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_charcoal = gtk_button('Charcoal')
+    @button_charcoal.disallow_resizing
+    @button_charcoal.width_height(80, 25)
+    @button_charcoal.hint = 'This will '\
+      'apply a charcoal effect on the image.'
+    @button_charcoal.on_clicked {
+      do_charcoal_the_main_image
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # === Create the blur button next
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    @button_blur = gtk_button('Blur the image')
+    @button_blur.hint = "Click on this button to apply a gaussian blur "\
+      "onto the image at hand.\n"\
+      "The number of pixels for this is "\
+      "#{@spin_button_for_the_first_argument.text?}, at the least initially."
+    @button_blur.on_clicked {
+      do_blur_the_image
+    }
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    # Uniformly style all buttons in this application.
+    # ======================================================================= #
+    return_all_buttons.each {|this_button|
+      this_button.bblack1
+      this_button.use_this_font = :dejavu_15
+    }
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === do_blur_the_image
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def do_blur_the_image(
+      i = main_file?
+    )
+    output_file = increment_the_name_of_this_image(i)
+    ::ImageParadise.blur(
+      i,
+      @spin_button_for_the_first_argument.text?, # 5px
+      output_file
+    )
+    if File.exist? output_file
+      this_is_the_new_image(File.absolute_path(output_file))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === run                                                         (run tag)
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def run
+    super()
+    apply_the_css_string
+    Thread.new { # This is a small hack. We avoid the "select everything" problem.
+      sleep 0.001
+      @entry_work_on_the_following_image.set_editable(true)
+      cd_to_the_log_directory
+      menu # Process the commandline arguments next.
+      update_the_info_box
+    }
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === return_hbox_containing_the_entry_work_on_the_following_image_and_the_open_in_browser_event_box
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def return_hbox_containing_the_entry_work_on_the_following_image_and_the_open_in_browser_event_box
+    hbox_containing_the_entry_work_on_the_following_image_and_the_open_in_browser_event_box = gtk_hbox
+    _ = text('Work on the following image:')
+    _.use_this_font = :deja_vu_15
+    hbox_containing_the_entry_work_on_the_following_image_and_the_open_in_browser_event_box.minimal(
+      _, 2
+    )
+    hbox_containing_the_entry_work_on_the_following_image_and_the_open_in_browser_event_box.maximal(
+      @entry_work_on_the_following_image, 2
+    )
+    label_with_arrow = return_label_with_arrow_clock_wise_semi_circle
+    event_box = gtk_event_box(label_with_arrow)
+    event_box.hint = HINT_FOR_BUTTON_OPEN_THE_IMAGE_IN_THE_BROWSER
+    event_box.on_clicked {
+      do_open_the_current_image_in_the_browser
+    }
+    hbox_containing_the_entry_work_on_the_following_image_and_the_open_in_browser_event_box.minimal(
+      event_box, 2
+    )
+    return hbox_containing_the_entry_work_on_the_following_image_and_the_open_in_browser_event_box
+  end
+
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  # === ImageParadise::GUI::Gtk::ImageEditor.run
+  # ========================================================================= #
+  def self.run(
+      i = ARGV
+    )
+    require 'gtk_paradise/app/app.rb'
+    _ = ::ImageParadise::GUI::Gtk::ImageEditor.new(i)
+    r = ::Gtk.run
+    r << _
+    r.automatic_size_then_automatic_title
+    r.enable_quick_exit
+    r.top_left_then_run
+  end
+
+end; end; end; end
+
+if __FILE__ == $PROGRAM_NAME
+  ImageParadise::GUI::Gtk::ImageEditor.run(ARGV)
+end