i18n 1.0.0 → 1.14.7

data/lib/i18n/backend/simple.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'i18n/backend/base'
+
 module I18n
   module Backend
     # A simple backend that reads translations from YAML files and stores them in
@@ -6,19 +10,20 @@ module I18n
     # The implementation is provided by a Implementation module allowing to easily
     # extend Simple backend's behavior by including modules. E.g.:
     #
-    # module I18n::Backend::Pluralization
-    #   def pluralize(*args)
-    #     # extended pluralization logic
-    #     super
-    #   end
-    # end
-    #
-    # I18n::Backend::Simple.include(I18n::Backend::Pluralization)
+    #     module I18n::Backend::Pluralization
+    #       def pluralize(*args)
+    #         # extended pluralization logic
+    #         super
+    #       end
+    #     end
+    #     
+    #     I18n::Backend::Simple.include(I18n::Backend::Pluralization)
     class Simple
-      (class << self; self; end).class_eval { public :include }
-
       module Implementation
         include Base
+        
+        # Mutex to ensure that concurrent translations loading will be thread-safe
+        MUTEX = Mutex.new
 
         def initialized?
           @initialized ||= false
@@ -28,17 +33,16 @@ module I18n
         # This uses a deep merge for the translations hash, so existing
         # translations will be overwritten by new ones only at the deepest
         # level of the hash.
-        def store_translations(locale, data, options = {})
+        def store_translations(locale, data, options = EMPTY_HASH)
           if I18n.enforce_available_locales &&
             I18n.available_locales_initialized? &&
-            !I18n.available_locales.include?(locale.to_sym) &&
-            !I18n.available_locales.include?(locale.to_s)
+            !I18n.locale_available?(locale)
             return data
           end
           locale = locale.to_sym
-          translations[locale] ||= {}
-          data = data.deep_symbolize_keys
-          translations[locale].deep_merge!(data)
+          translations[locale] ||= Concurrent::Hash.new
+          data = Utils.deep_symbolize_keys(data) unless options.fetch(:skip_symbolize_keys, false)
+          Utils.deep_merge!(translations[locale], data)
         end
 
         # Get available locales from the translations hash
@@ -57,6 +61,23 @@ module I18n
           super
         end
 
+        def eager_load!
+          init_translations unless initialized?
+          super
+        end
+
+        def translations(do_init: false)
+          # To avoid returning empty translations,
+          # call `init_translations`
+          init_translations if do_init && !initialized?
+
+          @translations ||= Concurrent::Hash.new do |h, k|
+            MUTEX.synchronize do
+              h[k] = Concurrent::Hash.new
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
       protected
 
         def init_translations
@@ -64,24 +85,23 @@ module I18n
           @initialized = true
         end
 
-        def translations
-          @translations ||= {}
-        end
-
         # Looks up a translation from the translations hash. Returns nil if
         # either key is nil, or locale, scope or key do not exist as a key in the
         # nested translations hash. Splits keys or scopes containing dots
         # into multiple keys, i.e. <tt>currency.format</tt> is regarded the same as
         # <tt>%w(currency format)</tt>.
-        def lookup(locale, key, scope = [], options = {})
+        def lookup(locale, key, scope = [], options = EMPTY_HASH)
           init_translations unless initialized?
           keys = I18n.normalize_keys(locale, key, scope, options[:separator])
 
           keys.inject(translations) do |result, _key|
-            _key = _key.to_sym
-            return nil unless result.is_a?(Hash) && result.has_key?(_key)
+            return nil unless result.is_a?(Hash)
+            unless result.has_key?(_key)
+              _key = _key.to_s.to_sym
+              return nil unless result.has_key?(_key)
+            end
             result = result[_key]
-            result = resolve(locale, _key, result, options.merge(:scope => nil)) if result.is_a?(Symbol)
+            result = resolve_entry(locale, _key, result, Utils.except(options.merge(:scope => nil), :count)) if result.is_a?(Symbol)
             result
           end
         end

data/lib/i18n/backend/transliterator.rb

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 # encoding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module I18n
   module Backend
     module Transliterator
@@ -43,30 +45,30 @@ module I18n
           "Ç"=>"C", "È"=>"E", "É"=>"E", "Ê"=>"E", "Ë"=>"E", "Ì"=>"I", "Í"=>"I",
           "Î"=>"I", "Ï"=>"I", "Ð"=>"D", "Ñ"=>"N", "Ò"=>"O", "Ó"=>"O", "Ô"=>"O",
           "Õ"=>"O", "Ö"=>"O", "×"=>"x", "Ø"=>"O", "Ù"=>"U", "Ú"=>"U", "Û"=>"U",
-          "Ü"=>"U", "Ý"=>"Y", "Þ"=>"Th", "ß"=>"ss", "à"=>"a", "á"=>"a", "â"=>"a",
-          "ã"=>"a", "ä"=>"a", "å"=>"a", "æ"=>"ae", "ç"=>"c", "è"=>"e", "é"=>"e",
-          "ê"=>"e", "ë"=>"e", "ì"=>"i", "í"=>"i", "î"=>"i", "ï"=>"i", "ð"=>"d",
-          "ñ"=>"n", "ò"=>"o", "ó"=>"o", "ô"=>"o", "õ"=>"o", "ö"=>"o", "ø"=>"o",
-          "ù"=>"u", "ú"=>"u", "û"=>"u", "ü"=>"u", "ý"=>"y", "þ"=>"th", "ÿ"=>"y",
-          "Ā"=>"A", "ā"=>"a", "Ă"=>"A", "ă"=>"a", "Ą"=>"A", "ą"=>"a", "Ć"=>"C",
-          "ć"=>"c", "Ĉ"=>"C", "ĉ"=>"c", "Ċ"=>"C", "ċ"=>"c", "Č"=>"C", "č"=>"c",
-          "Ď"=>"D", "ď"=>"d", "Đ"=>"D", "đ"=>"d", "Ē"=>"E", "ē"=>"e", "Ĕ"=>"E",
-          "ĕ"=>"e", "Ė"=>"E", "ė"=>"e", "Ę"=>"E", "ę"=>"e", "Ě"=>"E", "ě"=>"e",
-          "Ĝ"=>"G", "ĝ"=>"g", "Ğ"=>"G", "ğ"=>"g", "Ġ"=>"G", "ġ"=>"g", "Ģ"=>"G",
-          "ģ"=>"g", "Ĥ"=>"H", "ĥ"=>"h", "Ħ"=>"H", "ħ"=>"h", "Ĩ"=>"I", "ĩ"=>"i",
-          "Ī"=>"I", "ī"=>"i", "Ĭ"=>"I", "ĭ"=>"i", "Į"=>"I", "į"=>"i", "İ"=>"I",
-          "ı"=>"i", "IJ"=>"IJ", "ij"=>"ij", "Ĵ"=>"J", "ĵ"=>"j", "Ķ"=>"K", "ķ"=>"k",
-          "ĸ"=>"k", "Ĺ"=>"L", "ĺ"=>"l", "Ļ"=>"L", "ļ"=>"l", "Ľ"=>"L", "ľ"=>"l",
-          "Ŀ"=>"L", "ŀ"=>"l", "Ł"=>"L", "ł"=>"l", "Ń"=>"N", "ń"=>"n", "Ņ"=>"N",
-          "ņ"=>"n", "Ň"=>"N", "ň"=>"n", "ʼn"=>"'n", "Ŋ"=>"NG", "ŋ"=>"ng",
-          "Ō"=>"O", "ō"=>"o", "Ŏ"=>"O", "ŏ"=>"o", "Ő"=>"O", "ő"=>"o", "Œ"=>"OE",
-          "œ"=>"oe", "Ŕ"=>"R", "ŕ"=>"r", "Ŗ"=>"R", "ŗ"=>"r", "Ř"=>"R", "ř"=>"r",
-          "Ś"=>"S", "ś"=>"s", "Ŝ"=>"S", "ŝ"=>"s", "Ş"=>"S", "ş"=>"s", "Š"=>"S",
-          "š"=>"s", "Ţ"=>"T", "ţ"=>"t", "Ť"=>"T", "ť"=>"t", "Ŧ"=>"T", "ŧ"=>"t",
-          "Ũ"=>"U", "ũ"=>"u", "Ū"=>"U", "ū"=>"u", "Ŭ"=>"U", "ŭ"=>"u", "Ů"=>"U",
-          "ů"=>"u", "Ű"=>"U", "ű"=>"u", "Ų"=>"U", "ų"=>"u", "Ŵ"=>"W", "ŵ"=>"w",
-          "Ŷ"=>"Y", "ŷ"=>"y", "Ÿ"=>"Y", "Ź"=>"Z", "ź"=>"z", "Ż"=>"Z", "ż"=>"z",
-          "Ž"=>"Z", "ž"=>"z"
+          "Ü"=>"U", "Ý"=>"Y", "Þ"=>"Th", "ß"=>"ss", "ẞ"=>"SS", "à"=>"a",
+          "á"=>"a", "â"=>"a", "ã"=>"a", "ä"=>"a", "å"=>"a", "æ"=>"ae", "ç"=>"c",
+          "è"=>"e", "é"=>"e", "ê"=>"e", "ë"=>"e", "ì"=>"i", "í"=>"i", "î"=>"i",
+          "ï"=>"i", "ð"=>"d", "ñ"=>"n", "ò"=>"o", "ó"=>"o", "ô"=>"o", "õ"=>"o",
+          "ö"=>"o", "ø"=>"o", "ù"=>"u", "ú"=>"u", "û"=>"u", "ü"=>"u", "ý"=>"y",
+          "þ"=>"th", "ÿ"=>"y", "Ā"=>"A", "ā"=>"a", "Ă"=>"A", "ă"=>"a", "Ą"=>"A",
+          "ą"=>"a", "Ć"=>"C", "ć"=>"c", "Ĉ"=>"C", "ĉ"=>"c", "Ċ"=>"C", "ċ"=>"c",
+          "Č"=>"C", "č"=>"c", "Ď"=>"D", "ď"=>"d", "Đ"=>"D", "đ"=>"d", "Ē"=>"E",
+          "ē"=>"e", "Ĕ"=>"E", "ĕ"=>"e", "Ė"=>"E", "ė"=>"e", "Ę"=>"E", "ę"=>"e",
+          "Ě"=>"E", "ě"=>"e", "Ĝ"=>"G", "ĝ"=>"g", "Ğ"=>"G", "ğ"=>"g", "Ġ"=>"G",
+          "ġ"=>"g", "Ģ"=>"G", "ģ"=>"g", "Ĥ"=>"H", "ĥ"=>"h", "Ħ"=>"H", "ħ"=>"h",
+          "Ĩ"=>"I", "ĩ"=>"i", "Ī"=>"I", "ī"=>"i", "Ĭ"=>"I", "ĭ"=>"i", "Į"=>"I",
+          "į"=>"i", "İ"=>"I", "ı"=>"i", "IJ"=>"IJ", "ij"=>"ij", "Ĵ"=>"J", "ĵ"=>"j",
+          "Ķ"=>"K", "ķ"=>"k", "ĸ"=>"k", "Ĺ"=>"L", "ĺ"=>"l", "Ļ"=>"L", "ļ"=>"l",
+          "Ľ"=>"L", "ľ"=>"l", "Ŀ"=>"L", "ŀ"=>"l", "Ł"=>"L", "ł"=>"l", "Ń"=>"N",
+          "ń"=>"n", "Ņ"=>"N", "ņ"=>"n", "Ň"=>"N", "ň"=>"n", "ʼn"=>"'n", "Ŋ"=>"NG",
+          "ŋ"=>"ng", "Ō"=>"O", "ō"=>"o", "Ŏ"=>"O", "ŏ"=>"o", "Ő"=>"O", "ő"=>"o",
+          "Œ"=>"OE", "œ"=>"oe", "Ŕ"=>"R", "ŕ"=>"r", "Ŗ"=>"R", "ŗ"=>"r", "Ř"=>"R",
+          "ř"=>"r", "Ś"=>"S", "ś"=>"s", "Ŝ"=>"S", "ŝ"=>"s", "Ş"=>"S", "ş"=>"s",
+          "Š"=>"S", "š"=>"s", "Ţ"=>"T", "ţ"=>"t", "Ť"=>"T", "ť"=>"t", "Ŧ"=>"T",
+          "ŧ"=>"t", "Ũ"=>"U", "ũ"=>"u", "Ū"=>"U", "ū"=>"u", "Ŭ"=>"U", "ŭ"=>"u",
+          "Ů"=>"U", "ů"=>"u", "Ű"=>"U", "ű"=>"u", "Ų"=>"U", "ų"=>"u", "Ŵ"=>"W",
+          "ŵ"=>"w", "Ŷ"=>"Y", "ŷ"=>"y", "Ÿ"=>"Y", "Ź"=>"Z", "ź"=>"z", "Ż"=>"Z",
+          "ż"=>"z", "Ž"=>"Z", "ž"=>"z"
         }.freeze
 
         def initialize(rule = nil)

data/lib/i18n/backend.rb

@@ -1,14 +1,18 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module I18n
   module Backend
     autoload :Base,                  'i18n/backend/base'
-    autoload :InterpolationCompiler, 'i18n/backend/interpolation_compiler'
     autoload :Cache,                 'i18n/backend/cache'
+    autoload :CacheFile,             'i18n/backend/cache_file'
     autoload :Cascade,               'i18n/backend/cascade'
     autoload :Chain,                 'i18n/backend/chain'
     autoload :Fallbacks,             'i18n/backend/fallbacks'
     autoload :Flatten,               'i18n/backend/flatten'
     autoload :Gettext,               'i18n/backend/gettext'
+    autoload :InterpolationCompiler, 'i18n/backend/interpolation_compiler'
     autoload :KeyValue,              'i18n/backend/key_value'
+    autoload :LazyLoadable,          'i18n/backend/lazy_loadable'
     autoload :Memoize,               'i18n/backend/memoize'
     autoload :Metadata,              'i18n/backend/metadata'
     autoload :Pluralization,         'i18n/backend/pluralization'

data/lib/i18n/config.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'set'
 
 module I18n
@@ -5,7 +7,7 @@ module I18n
     # The only configuration value that is not global and scoped to thread is :locale.
     # It defaults to the default_locale.
     def locale
-      defined?(@locale) && @locale ? @locale : default_locale
+      defined?(@locale) && @locale != nil ? @locale : default_locale
     end
 
     # Sets the current locale pseudo-globally, i.e. in the Thread.current hash.
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ module I18n
     end
 
     # Returns an array of locales for which translations are available.
-    # Unless you explicitely set these through I18n.available_locales=
+    # Unless you explicitly set these through I18n.available_locales=
     # the call will be delegated to the backend.
     def available_locales
       @@available_locales ||= nil
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ module I18n
       @@available_locales = nil if @@available_locales.empty?
       @@available_locales_set = nil
     end
-    
+
     # Returns true if the available_locales have been initialized
     def available_locales_initialized?
       ( !!defined?(@@available_locales) && !!@@available_locales )
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ module I18n
     # if you don't care about arity.
     #
     # == Example:
-    # You can supress raising an exception and return string instead:
+    # You can suppress raising an exception and return string instead:
     #
     #   I18n.config.missing_interpolation_argument_handler = Proc.new do |key|
     #     "#{key} is missing"
@@ -143,5 +145,21 @@ module I18n
     def enforce_available_locales=(enforce_available_locales)
       @@enforce_available_locales = enforce_available_locales
     end
+
+    # Returns the current interpolation patterns. Defaults to
+    # I18n::DEFAULT_INTERPOLATION_PATTERNS.
+    def interpolation_patterns
+      @@interpolation_patterns ||= I18n::DEFAULT_INTERPOLATION_PATTERNS.dup
+    end
+
+    # Sets the current interpolation patterns. Used to set a interpolation
+    # patterns.
+    #
+    # E.g. using {{}} as a placeholder like "{{hello}}, world!":
+    #
+    #   I18n.config.interpolation_patterns << /\{\{(\w+)\}\}/
+    def interpolation_patterns=(interpolation_patterns)
+      @@interpolation_patterns = interpolation_patterns
+    end
   end
 end

data/lib/i18n/exceptions.rb

@@ -1,27 +1,34 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'cgi'
 
 module I18n
-  # Handles exceptions raised in the backend. All exceptions except for
-  # MissingTranslationData exceptions are re-thrown. When a MissingTranslationData
-  # was caught the handler returns an error message string containing the key/scope.
-  # Note that the exception handler is not called when the option :throw was given.
   class ExceptionHandler
-    include Module.new {
-      def call(exception, locale, key, options)
-        case exception
-        when MissingTranslation
-          exception.message
-        when Exception
-          raise exception
-        else
-          throw :exception, exception
-        end
+    def call(exception, _locale, _key, _options)
+      if exception.is_a?(MissingTranslation)
+        exception.message
+      else
+        raise exception
       end
-    }
+    end
   end
 
   class ArgumentError < ::ArgumentError; end
 
+  class Disabled < ArgumentError
+    def initialize(method)
+      super(<<~MESSAGE)
+        I18n.#{method} is currently disabled, likely because your application is still in its loading phase.
+
+        This method is meant to display text in the user locale, so calling it before the user locale has
+        been set is likely to display text from the wrong locale to some users.
+
+        If you have a legitimate reason to access i18n data outside of the user flow, you can do so by passing
+        the desired locale explicitly with the `locale` argument, e.g. `I18n.#{method}(..., locale: :en)`
+      MESSAGE
+    end
+  end
+
   class InvalidLocale < ArgumentError
     attr_reader :locale
     def initialize(locale)
@@ -40,10 +47,12 @@ module I18n
 
   class MissingTranslation < ArgumentError
     module Base
+      PERMITTED_KEYS = [:scope, :default].freeze
+
       attr_reader :locale, :key, :options
 
-      def initialize(locale, key, options = {})
-        @key, @locale, @options = key, locale, options.dup
+      def initialize(locale, key, options = EMPTY_HASH)
+        @key, @locale, @options = key, locale, options.slice(*PERMITTED_KEYS)
         options.each { |k, v| self.options[k] = v.inspect if v.is_a?(Proc) }
       end
 
@@ -54,8 +63,18 @@ module I18n
       end
 
       def message
-        "translation missing: #{keys.join('.')}"
+        if (default = options[:default]).is_a?(Array) && default.any?
+          other_options = ([key, *default]).map { |k| normalized_option(k).prepend('- ') }.join("\n")
+          "Translation missing. Options considered were:\n#{other_options}"
+        else
+          "Translation missing: #{keys.join('.')}"
+        end
       end
+
+      def normalized_option(key)
+        I18n.normalize_keys(locale, key, options[:scope]).join('.')
+      end
+
       alias :to_s :message
 
       def to_exception
@@ -101,4 +120,38 @@ module I18n
       super "can not load translations from #{filename}, the file type #{type} is not known"
     end
   end
+
+  class UnsupportedMethod < ArgumentError
+    attr_reader :method, :backend_klass, :msg
+    def initialize(method, backend_klass, msg)
+      @method = method
+      @backend_klass = backend_klass
+      @msg = msg
+      super "#{backend_klass} does not support the ##{method} method. #{msg}"
+    end
+  end
+
+  class InvalidFilenames < ArgumentError
+    NUMBER_OF_ERRORS_SHOWN = 20
+    def initialize(file_errors)
+      super <<~MSG
+        Found #{file_errors.count} error(s).
+        The first #{[file_errors.count, NUMBER_OF_ERRORS_SHOWN].min} error(s):
+        #{file_errors.map(&:message).first(NUMBER_OF_ERRORS_SHOWN).join("\n")}
+
+        To use the LazyLoadable backend:
+        1. Filenames must start with the locale.
+        2. An underscore must separate the locale with any optional text that follows.
+        3. The file must only contain translation data for the single locale.
+
+        Example:
+        "/config/locales/fr.yml" which contains:
+        ```yml
+          fr:
+            dog:
+              chien
+        ```
+      MSG
+    end
+  end
 end

data/lib/i18n/gettext/helpers.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'i18n/gettext'
 
 module I18n
@@ -16,8 +18,8 @@ module I18n
         msgsid
       end
 
-      def gettext(msgid, options = {})
-        I18n.t(msgid, { :default => msgid, :separator => '|' }.merge(options))
+      def gettext(msgid, options = EMPTY_HASH)
+        I18n.t(msgid, **{:default => msgid, :separator => '|'}.merge(options))
       end
       alias _ gettext
 

data/lib/i18n/gettext/po_parser.rb

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ module_eval <<'..end src/poparser.ry modeval..id7a99570e05', 'src/poparser.ry',
     ret.gsub!(/\\"/, "\"")
     ret
   end
-  
+
   def parse(str, data, ignore_fuzzy = true)
     @comments = []
     @data = data
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ module_eval <<'..end src/poparser.ry modeval..id7a99570e05', 'src/poparser.ry',
 	str = $'
       when /\A\#(.*)/
 	@q.push [:COMMENT, $&]
-	str = $'      
+	str = $'
       when /\A\"(.*)\"/
 	@q.push [:STRING, $1]
 	str = $'
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ module_eval <<'..end src/poparser.ry modeval..id7a99570e05', 'src/poparser.ry',
 	#@q.push [:STRING, c]
 	str = str[1..-1]
       end
-    end 
+    end
     @q.push [false, '$end']
     if $DEBUG
       @q.each do |a,b|
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ module_eval <<'..end src/poparser.ry modeval..id7a99570e05', 'src/poparser.ry',
     end
     @data
   end
-  
+
   def next_token
     @q.shift
   end
@@ -101,11 +101,11 @@ module_eval <<'..end src/poparser.ry modeval..id7a99570e05', 'src/poparser.ry',
     @comments.clear
     @msgctxt = ""
   end
-      
+
   def on_comment(comment)
     @fuzzy = true if (/fuzzy/ =~ comment)
     @comments << comment
-  end 
+  end
 
 
 ..end src/poparser.ry modeval..id7a99570e05
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ module_eval <<'.,.,', 'src/poparser.ry', 25
 
 module_eval <<'.,.,', 'src/poparser.ry', 48
   def _reduce_8( val, _values, result )
-    if @fuzzy and $ignore_fuzzy 
+    if @fuzzy and $ignore_fuzzy
       if val[1] != ""
         $stderr.print _("Warning: fuzzy message was ignored.\n")
         $stderr.print "         msgid '#{val[1]}'\n"

data/lib/i18n/gettext.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module I18n
   module Gettext
     PLURAL_SEPARATOR  = "\001"

data/lib/i18n/interpolate/ruby.rb

@@ -1,24 +1,38 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # heavily based on Masao Mutoh's gettext String interpolation extension
 # http://github.com/mutoh/gettext/blob/f6566738b981fe0952548c421042ad1e0cdfb31e/lib/gettext/core_ext/string.rb
 
 module I18n
-  INTERPOLATION_PATTERN = Regexp.union(
+  DEFAULT_INTERPOLATION_PATTERNS = [
     /%%/,
-    /%\{(\w+)\}/,                               # matches placeholders like "%{foo}"
-    /%<(\w+)>(.*?\d*\.?\d*[bBdiouxXeEfgGcps])/  # matches placeholders like "%<foo>.d"
-  )
+    /%\{([\w|]+)\}/,                            # matches placeholders like "%{foo} or %{foo|word}"
+    /%<(\w+)>([^\d]*?\d*\.?\d*[bBdiouxXeEfgGcps])/  # matches placeholders like "%<foo>.d"
+  ].freeze
+  INTERPOLATION_PATTERN = Regexp.union(DEFAULT_INTERPOLATION_PATTERNS)
+  deprecate_constant :INTERPOLATION_PATTERN
+
+  INTERPOLATION_PATTERNS_CACHE = Hash.new do |hash, patterns|
+    hash[patterns] = Regexp.union(patterns)
+  end
+  private_constant :INTERPOLATION_PATTERNS_CACHE
 
   class << self
     # Return String or raises MissingInterpolationArgument exception.
     # Missing argument's logic is handled by I18n.config.missing_interpolation_argument_handler.
     def interpolate(string, values)
-      raise ReservedInterpolationKey.new($1.to_sym, string) if string =~ RESERVED_KEYS_PATTERN
+      raise ReservedInterpolationKey.new($1.to_sym, string) if string =~ I18n.reserved_keys_pattern
       raise ArgumentError.new('Interpolation values must be a Hash.') unless values.kind_of?(Hash)
       interpolate_hash(string, values)
     end
 
     def interpolate_hash(string, values)
-      string.gsub(INTERPOLATION_PATTERN) do |match|
+      pattern = INTERPOLATION_PATTERNS_CACHE[config.interpolation_patterns]
+      interpolated = false
+
+      interpolated_string = string.gsub(pattern) do |match|
+        interpolated = true
+
         if match == '%%'
           '%'
         else
@@ -32,6 +46,8 @@ module I18n
           $3 ? sprintf("%#{$3}", value) : value
         end
       end
+
+      interpolated ? interpolated_string : string
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/i18n/locale/fallbacks.rb

@@ -15,19 +15,12 @@
 #   * all parent locales of a given locale (e.g. :es for :"es-MX") first,
 #   * the current default locales and all of their parents second
 #
-# The default locales are set to [I18n.default_locale] by default but can be
-# set to something else.
+# The default locales are set to [] by default but can be set to something else.
 #
 # One can additionally add any number of additional fallback locales manually.
 # These will be added before the default locales to the fallback chain. For
 # example:
 #
-#   # using the default locale as default fallback locale
-#
-#   I18n.default_locale = :"en-US"
-#   I18n.fallbacks = I18n::Locale::Fallbacks.new(:"de-AT" => :"de-DE")
-#   I18n.fallbacks[:"de-AT"] # => [:"de-AT", :"de-DE", :de, :"en-US", :en]
-#
 #   # using a custom locale as default fallback locale
 #
 #   I18n.fallbacks = I18n::Locale::Fallbacks.new(:"en-GB", :"de-AT" => :de, :"de-CH" => :de)
@@ -46,7 +39,7 @@
 #   fallbacks[:"ar-PS"] # => [:"ar-PS", :ar, :"he-IL", :he, :"en-US", :en]
 #   fallbacks[:"ar-EG"] # => [:"ar-EG", :ar, :"en-US", :en]
 #
-#   # people speaking Sami as spoken in Finnland also speak Swedish and Finnish as spoken in Finnland
+#   # people speaking Sami as spoken in Finland also speak Swedish and Finnish as spoken in Finland
 #   fallbacks.map(:sms => [:"se-FI", :"fi-FI"])
 #   fallbacks[:sms] # => [:sms, :"se-FI", :se, :"fi-FI", :fi, :"en-US", :en]
 
@@ -56,40 +49,58 @@ module I18n
       def initialize(*mappings)
         @map = {}
         map(mappings.pop) if mappings.last.is_a?(Hash)
-        self.defaults = mappings.empty? ? [I18n.default_locale.to_sym] : mappings
+        self.defaults = mappings.empty? ? [] : mappings
       end
 
       def defaults=(defaults)
-        @defaults = defaults.map { |default| compute(default, false) }.flatten
+        @defaults = defaults.flat_map { |default| compute(default, false) }
       end
       attr_reader :defaults
 
       def [](locale)
         raise InvalidLocale.new(locale) if locale.nil?
+        raise Disabled.new('fallback#[]') if locale == false
         locale = locale.to_sym
         super || store(locale, compute(locale))
       end
 
-      def map(mappings)
-        mappings.each do |from, to|
-          from, to = from.to_sym, Array(to)
-          to.each do |_to|
-            @map[from] ||= []
-            @map[from] << _to.to_sym
+      def map(*args, &block)
+        if args.count == 1 && !block_given?
+          mappings = args.first
+          mappings.each do |from, to|
+            from, to = from.to_sym, Array(to)
+            to.each do |_to|
+              @map[from] ||= []
+              @map[from] << _to.to_sym
+            end
           end
+        else
+          @map.map(*args, &block)
         end
       end
 
+      def empty?
+        @map.empty? && @defaults.empty?
+      end
+
+      def inspect
+       "#<#{self.class.name} @map=#{@map.inspect} @defaults=#{@defaults.inspect}>"
+      end
+
       protected
 
       def compute(tags, include_defaults = true, exclude = [])
-        result = Array(tags).collect do |tag|
+        result = []
+        Array(tags).each do |tag|
           tags = I18n::Locale::Tag.tag(tag).self_and_parents.map! { |t| t.to_sym } - exclude
-          tags.each { |_tag| tags += compute(@map[_tag], false, exclude + tags) if @map[_tag] }
-          tags
-        end.flatten
+          result += tags
+          tags.each { |_tag| result += compute(@map[_tag], false, exclude + result) if @map[_tag] }
+        end
+
         result.push(*defaults) if include_defaults
-        result.uniq.compact
+        result.uniq!
+        result.compact!
+        result
       end
     end
   end