hexdump 0.3.0 → 1.0.0

data/benchmark.rb

@@ -5,43 +5,50 @@ $LOAD_PATH.unshift(File.expand_path('../lib',__FILE__))
 require 'hexdump'
 require 'benchmark'
 
-DATA = ((0..255).map { |b| b.chr }.join) * (1024 * 100)
-OUTPUT = Class.new { def <<(data); end }.new
+class NullOutput
+  def <<(data)
+  end
+end
+
+size_mb = 1
+puts "Generating #{size_mb}Mb of random data ..."
+data = Array.new(size_mb * 1024 * 1024) { rand(255).chr }.join
+output = NullOutput.new
 
-Benchmark.bm(33) do |b|
-  b.report('Hexdump.dump (output)') do
-    Hexdump.dump(DATA, :output => OUTPUT)
+types = Hexdump::TYPES.values.uniq.map(&Hexdump::TYPES.method(:key))
+
+Benchmark.bm(42) do |b|
+  b.report('Hexdump.hexdump(data)') do
+    Hexdump.hexdump(data, output: output)
   end
 
-  b.report('Hexdump.dump width=256 (output)') do
-    Hexdump.dump(DATA, width: 256, output: OUTPUT)
+  b.report("Hexdump.hexdump(data, repeating: false)") do
+    Hexdump.hexdump(data, repeating: false, output: output)
   end
 
-  b.report('Hexdump.dump ascii=true (output)') do
-    Hexdump.dump(DATA, ascii: true, output: OUTPUT)
+  b.report("Hexdump.hexdump(data, chars_column: false)") do
+    Hexdump.hexdump(data, chars_column: false, output: output)
   end
 
-  [2, 4, 8].each do |word_size|
-    b.report("Hexdump.dump word_size=#{word_size} (output)") do
-      Hexdump.dump(DATA, word_size: word_size, output: OUTPUT)
-    end
+  b.report('Hexdump.hexdump(data, columns: 256)') do
+    Hexdump.hexdump(data, columns: 256, output: output)
   end
 
-  b.report('Hexdump.dump (block)') do
-    Hexdump.dump(DATA) { |index,hex,print| }
+  b.report('Hexdump.hexdump(data, group_columns: 4)') do
+    Hexdump.hexdump(data, group_columns: 4, output: output)
   end
 
-  b.report('Hexdump.dump width=256 (block)') do
-    Hexdump.dump(DATA, width: 256) { |index,hex,print| }
+  b.report('Hexdump.hexdump(data, group_chars: 4)') do
+    Hexdump.hexdump(data, group_chars: 4, output: output)
   end
 
-  b.report('Hexdump.dump ascii=true (block)') do
-    Hexdump.dump(DATA, ascii: true) { |index,hex,print| }
+  b.report('Hexdump.hexdump(data, encoding: :utf8)') do
+    Hexdump.hexdump(data, encoding: :utf8, output: output)
   end
 
-  [2, 4, 8].each do |word_size|
-    b.report("Hexdump.dump word_size=#{word_size} (block)") do
-      Hexdump.dump(DATA, word_size: word_size) { |index,hex,print| }
+  types.each do |type|
+    b.report("Hexdump.hexdump(data, type: #{type.inspect})") do
+      Hexdump.hexdump(data, type: type, output: output)
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/hexdump/chars.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+module Hexdump
+  #
+  # @api private
+  #
+  # @since 1.0.0
+  #
+  class Chars
+
+    # The encoding to convert the characters to.
+    #
+    # @return [Encoding, nil]
+    attr_reader :encoding
+
+    #
+    # Initializes the chars formatter.
+    #
+    # @param [Encoding, nil] encoding
+    #   The encoding to convert characters to.
+    #
+    def initialize(encoding=nil)
+      @encoding = encoding
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Formats a string of characters.
+    #
+    # @param [String] chars
+    #   The input string of raw characters.
+    #
+    # @return [String]
+    #   The formatted string of raw characters.
+    #
+    def scrub(chars)
+      if @encoding
+        chars.force_encoding(@encoding)
+        chars.scrub!('.')
+        chars.gsub!(/[^[:print:]]/u,'.')
+      else
+        chars.tr!("^\x20-\x7e",'.')
+      end
+
+      chars
+    end
+
+  end
+end

data/lib/hexdump/core_ext/file.rb

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'hexdump/hexdump'
+require 'hexdump/core_ext/io'
 
 class File
 
@@ -8,14 +8,76 @@ class File
   # @param [String] path
   #   The path of the file.
   #
-  # @param [Hash] options
-  #   Additional options.
+  # @param [Hash{Symbol => Object}] kwargs
+  #   Additional keyword arguments for {Format#initialize}.
   #
-  # @see Hexdump.dump
+  # @option kwargs [#print] :output ($stdout)
+  #   The output to print the hexdump to.
   #
-  def self.hexdump(path,options={},&block)
+  # @option kwargs [:int8, :uint8, :char, :uchar, :byte, :int16, :int16_le, :int16_be, :int16_ne, :uint16, :uint16_le, :uint16_be, :uint16_ne, :short, :short_le, :short_be, :short_ne, :ushort, :ushort_le, :ushort_be, :ushort_ne, :int32, :int32_le, :int32_be, :int32_ne, :uint32, :uint32_le, :uint32_be, :uint32_ne, :int, :long, :long_le, :long_be, :long_ne, :uint, :ulong, :ulong_le, :ulong_be, :ulong_ne, :int64, :int64_le, :int64_be, :int64_ne, :uint64, :uint64_le, :uint64_be, :uint64_ne, :long_long, :long_long_le, :long_long_be, :long_long_ne, :ulong_long, :ulong_long_le, :ulong_long_be, :ulong_long_ne, :float, :float_le, :float_be, :float_ne, :double, :double_le, :double_be, :double_ne] :type (:byte)
+  #   The type to decode the data as.
+  #
+  # @option kwargs [Integer, nil] :offset
+  #   Controls whether to skip N number of bytes before starting to read data.
+  #
+  # @option kwargs [Integer, nil] :length
+  #   Controls control many bytes to read.
+  #
+  # @option kwargs [Boolean] :zero_pad (false)
+  #   Enables or disables zero padding of data, so that the remaining bytes
+  #   can be decoded as a uint, int, or float.
+  #
+  # @option kwargs [Integer] :columns (16)
+  #   The number of bytes to dump for each line.
+  #
+  # @option kwargs [Integer, nil] :group_columns
+  #   Separate groups of columns with an additional space.
+  #
+  # @option kwargs [Integer, :type, nil] :group_chars
+  #   Group chars into columns.
+  #   If `:type`, then the chars will be grouped by the `type`'s size.
+  #
+  # @option kwargs [Boolean] :repeating
+  #   Controls whether to omit repeating duplicate rows data with a `*`.
+  #
+  # @option kwargs [16, 10, 8, 2] :base (16)
+  #   The base to print bytes in.
+  #
+  # @option kwargs [16, 10, 8, 2] :index_base (16)
+  #   Control the base that the index is displayed in.
+  #
+  # @option kwargs [Integer, nil] :index_offset
+  #   The offset to start the index at.
+  #
+  # @option kwargs [Boolean] :chars_column (true)
+  #   Controls whether to display the characters column.
+  #
+  # @option kwargs [:ascii, :utf8, Encoding, nil] :encoding
+  #   The encoding to display the characters in.
+  #
+  # @option kwargs [Boolean, Hash{:index,:numeric,:chars => Symbol,Array<Symbol>}] :style
+  #   Enables theming of index, numeric, or chars columns.
+  #
+  # @option kwargs [Boolean, Hash{:index,:numeric,:chars => Hash{String,Regexp => Symbol,Array<Symbol>}}] :highlights
+  #   Enables selective highlighting of index, numeric, or chars columns.
+  #
+  # @yield [hexdump]
+  #   If a block is given, it will be passed the newly initialized hexdump
+  #   instance.
+  #
+  # @yieldparam [Hexdump::Hexdump] hexdump
+  #   The newly initialized hexdump instance.
+  #
+  # @see IO#hexdump
+  #
+  # @example
+  #   File.hexdump("/bin/ls")
+  #   # 00000000  7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |.ELF............|
+  #   # ...
+  #
+  def self.hexdump(path,**kwargs,&block)
     self.open(path,'rb') do |file|
-      Hexdump.dump(file,options,&block)
+      file.hexdump(**kwargs,&block)
     end
   end
 

data/lib/hexdump/core_ext/io.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-require 'hexdump/hexdump'
+require 'hexdump/mixin'
 
 class IO
 
-  include Hexdump
+  include Hexdump::Mixin
 
 end

data/lib/hexdump/core_ext/kernel.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+require 'hexdump/module_methods'
+
+module ::Kernel
+  private
+
+  include Hexdump::ModuleMethods
+end

data/lib/hexdump/core_ext/string.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-require 'hexdump/hexdump'
+require 'hexdump/mixin'
 
 class String
 
-  include Hexdump
+  include Hexdump::Mixin
 
 end

data/lib/hexdump/core_ext/string_io.rb

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-require 'hexdump/hexdump'
+require 'hexdump/mixin'
 
 require 'stringio'
 
 class StringIO
 
-  include Hexdump
+  include Hexdump::Mixin
 
 end

data/lib/hexdump/core_ext.rb

@@ -2,3 +2,4 @@ require 'hexdump/core_ext/string'
 require 'hexdump/core_ext/string_io'
 require 'hexdump/core_ext/io'
 require 'hexdump/core_ext/file'
+require 'hexdump/core_ext/kernel'

data/lib/hexdump/format_string.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+module Hexdump
+  #
+  # @api private
+  #
+  # @since 1.0.0
+  #
+  class FormatString
+
+    #
+    # Initializes the format string.
+    #
+    # @param [String] fmt
+    #   The format string.
+    #
+    def initialize(fmt)
+      @fmt = fmt
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Formats the given value.
+    #
+    # @param [Integer, Float] value
+    #   The given value.
+    #
+    # @return [String]
+    #   The formatted value.
+    #
+    def %(value)
+      sprintf(@fmt,value)
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Converts the format string back into a String.
+    #
+    # @return [String]
+    #   The raw format string.
+    #
+    def to_s
+      @fmt
+    end
+
+  end
+end

data/lib/hexdump/hexdump.rb

@@ -1,86 +1,779 @@
-require 'hexdump/dumper'
-
-#
-# Provides the {Hexdump.dump} method and can add hexdumping to other classes
-# by including the {Hexdump} module.
-#
-#     class AbstractData
-#     
-#       include Hexdump
-#       
-#       def each_byte
-#         # ...
-#       end
-#     
-#     end
-#     
-#     data = AbstractData.new
-#     data.hexdump
-#
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'hexdump/types'
+require 'hexdump/reader'
+require 'hexdump/numeric'
+require 'hexdump/chars'
+require 'hexdump/theme'
+
 module Hexdump
   #
-  # Hexdumps the given data.
-  #
-  # @param [#each_byte] data
-  #   The data to be hexdumped.
-  #
-  # @param [Integer] width (16)
-  #   The number of bytes to dump for each line.
-  #
-  # @param [Integer] endian (:little)
-  #   The endianness that the bytes are organized in. Supported endianness
-  #   include `:little` and `:big`.
-  #
-  # @param [Integer] word_size (1)
-  #   The number of bytes within a word.
-  #
-  # @param [Symbol, Integer] base (:hexadecimal)
-  #   The base to print bytes in. Supported bases include, `:hexadecimal`,
-  #   `:hex`, `16, `:decimal`, `:dec`, `10, `:octal`, `:oct`, `8`,
-  #   `:binary`, `:bin` and `2`.
-  #
-  # @param [Boolean] ascii (false)
-  #   Print ascii characters when possible.
+  # Handles the parsing of data and formatting of the hexdump.
   #
-  # @param [#<<] output ($stdout)
-  #   The output to print the hexdump to.
+  # @since 1.0.0
   #
-  # @yield [index,numeric,printable]
-  #   The given block will be passed the hexdump break-down of each
-  #   segment.
+  # @api semipublic
   #
-  # @yieldparam [Integer] index
-  #   The index of the hexdumped segment.
-  #
-  # @yieldparam [Array<String>] numeric
-  #   The numeric representation of the segment.
-  #
-  # @yieldparam [Array<String>] printable
-  #   The printable representation of the segment.
-  #
-  # @return [nil]
-  #
-  # @raise [ArgumentError]
-  #   The given data does not define the `#each_byte` method,
-  #   the `:output` value does not support the `#<<` method or
-  #   the `:base` value was unknown.
-  #
-  def self.dump(data, output: $stdout, **options,&block)
-    dumper = Dumper.new(**options)
+  class Hexdump
+
+    # Default number of columns
+    #
+    # @since 1.0.0
+    DEFAULT_COLUMNS = 16
+
+    # Numeric bases and their formatting classes.
+    BASES = {
+      16 => Numeric::Hexadecimal,
+      10 => Numeric::Decimal,
+      8  => Numeric::Octal,
+      2  => Numeric::Binary
+    }
+
+    # The reader object.
+    #
+    # @return [Reader]
+    attr_reader :reader
+
+    # The format of the index number.
+    #
+    # @return [Numeric::Hexadecimal,
+    #          Numeric::Decimal,
+    #          Numeric::Octal,
+    #          Numeric::Binary]
+    attr_reader :index
+
+    # The numeric base format.
+    #
+    # @return [Numeric::Hexadecimal,
+    #          Numeric::Decimal,
+    #          Numeric::Octal,
+    #          Numeric::Binary]
+    attr_reader :numeric
+
+    # The characters formatter.
+    #
+    # @return [Chars, nil]
+    attr_reader :chars
+
+    #
+    # Initializes a hexdump format.
+    #
+    # @param [:int8, :uint8, :char, :uchar, :byte, :int16, :int16_le, :int16_be, :int16_ne, :uint16, :uint16_le, :uint16_be, :uint16_ne, :short, :short_le, :short_be, :short_ne, :ushort, :ushort_le, :ushort_be, :ushort_ne, :int32, :int32_le, :int32_be, :int32_ne, :uint32, :uint32_le, :uint32_be, :uint32_ne, :int, :long, :long_le, :long_be, :long_ne, :uint, :ulong, :ulong_le, :ulong_be, :ulong_ne, :int64, :int64_le, :int64_be, :int64_ne, :uint64, :uint64_le, :uint64_be, :uint64_ne, :long_long, :long_long_le, :long_long_be, :long_long_ne, :ulong_long, :ulong_long_le, :ulong_long_be, :ulong_long_ne, :float, :float_le, :float_be, :float_ne, :double, :double_le, :double_be, :double_ne] type (:byte)
+    #   The type to decode the data as.
+    #
+    # @param [Integer, nil] offset
+    #   Controls whether to skip N number of bytes before starting to read data.
+    #
+    # @param [Integer, nil] length
+    #   Controls control many bytes to read.
+    #
+    # @param [Boolean] zero_pad
+    #   Enables or disables zero padding of data, so that the remaining bytes
+    #   can be decoded as a uint, int, or float.
+    #
+    # @param [Boolean] repeating
+    #   Controls whether to omit repeating duplicate rows data with a `*`.
+    #
+    # @param [Integer] columns
+    #   The number of columns per hexdump line. Defaults to `16 / sizeof(type)`.
+    #
+    # @param [Integer, nil] group_columns
+    #   Separate groups of columns with an additional space.
+    #
+    # @param [Integer, :type, nil] group_chars
+    #   Group chars into columns.
+    #   If `:type`, then the chars will be grouped by the `type`'s size.
+    #
+    # @param [16, 10, 8, 2] base
+    #   The base to print bytes in. Defaults to 16, or to 10 if printing floats.
+    #
+    # @param [16, 10, 8, 2] index_base
+    #   Control the base that the index is displayed in. Defaults to base 16.
+    #
+    # @param [Integer] index_offset
+    #   The offset to start the index at.
+    #
+    # @param [Boolean] chars
+    #   Controls whether to display the characters column.
+    #
+    # @param [:ascii, :utf8, Encoding, nil] encoding
+    #   The encoding to display the characters in.
+    #
+    # @param [Boolean, Hash{:index,:numeric,:chars => Symbol,Array<Symbol>}] style
+    #   Enables theming of index, numeric, or chars columns.
+    #
+    # @param [Boolean, Hash{:index,:numeric,:chars => Hash{String,Regexp => Symbol,Array<Symbol>}}] highlights
+    #   Enables selective highlighting of index, numeric, or chars columns.
+    #
+    # @yield [self]
+    #   If a block is given, it will be passed the newly initialized hexdump
+    #   instance.
+    #
+    # @raise [ArgumentError]
+    #   The values for `:base` or `:endian` were unknown.
+    #
+    # @example Initializing styling:
+    #   Hexdump::Hexdump.new(style: {index: :white, numeric: :green, chars: :cyan})
+    #
+    # @example Initializing highlighting:
+    #   Hexdump::Hexdump.new(
+    #     highlights: {
+    #       index: {/00$/ => [:white, :bold]},
+    #       numeric: {
+    #         /^[8-f][0-9a-f]$/ => :faint,
+    #         /f/  => :cyan,
+    #         '00' => [:black, :on_red]
+    #       },
+    #       chars: {/[^\.]+/ => :green}
+    #     }
+    #   )
+    #
+    # @example Initializing with a block:
+    #   Hexdump::Hexdump.new do |hexdump|
+    #     hexdump.type = :uint16
+    #     # ...
+    #   
+    #     hexdump.theme do |theme|
+    #       theme.index.highlight(/00$/, [:white, :bold])
+    #       theme.numeric.highlight(/^[8-f][0-9a-f]$/, :faint)
+    #       # ...
+    #     end
+    #   end
+    #
+    def initialize(type: :byte, offset: nil, length: nil, zero_pad: false, repeating: false, columns: nil, group_columns: nil, group_chars: nil, base: nil, index_base: 16, index_offset: nil, chars_column: true, encoding: nil, style: nil, highlights: nil)
+      # reader options
+      self.type      = type
+      self.offset    = offset
+      self.length    = length
+      self.zero_pad  = zero_pad
+      self.repeating = repeating
+
+      # numeric formatting options
+      self.base          = base if base
+      self.columns       = columns
+      self.group_columns = group_columns
+
+      # index options
+      self.index_base   = index_base
+      self.index_offset = index_offset || offset
+
+      # chars formatting options
+      self.encoding     = encoding
+      self.chars_column = chars_column
+      self.group_chars  = group_chars
+
+      @theme = if (style.kind_of?(Hash) || highlights.kind_of?(Hash))
+                 Theme.new(
+                   style:      style || {},
+                   highlights: highlights || {}
+                 )
+               end
+
+      yield self if block_given?
+
+      @reader = Reader.new(@type, offset:   @offset,
+                                  length:   @length,
+                                  zero_pad: @zero_pad)
+
+      # default the numeric base
+      @base ||= case @type
+                when Type::Float, Type::Char, Type::UChar then 10
+                else                                           16
+                end
+
+      # default the number of columns based on the type's size
+      @columns ||= (DEFAULT_COLUMNS / @type.size)
+
+      @index   = BASES.fetch(@index_base).new(TYPES[:uint32])
+      @numeric = BASES.fetch(@base).new(@type)
 
-    if block then dumper.each(data,&block)
-    else          dumper.dump(data,output)
+      case @type
+      when Type::Char, Type::UChar
+        # display characters inline for the :char and :uchar type, and disable
+        # the characters column
+        @numeric = Numeric::CharOrInt.new(@numeric,@encoding)
+
+        @chars        = nil
+        @chars_column = false
+      else
+        @chars = Chars.new(@encoding) if @chars_column
+      end
     end
 
-    return nil
-  end
+    #
+    # @group Reader Configuration
+    #
+
+    # The word type to decode the byte stream as.
+    #
+    # @return [Type]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    attr_reader :type
+
+    # The optional offset to start the index at.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer, nil]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    attr_accessor :offset
+
+    # The optional length of data to read.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer, nil]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    attr_accessor :length
+
+    # Controls whether to zero-pad the data so it aligns with the type's size.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    attr_accessor :zero_pad
+
+    alias zero_pad? zero_pad
+
+    # Controls whether repeating duplicate rows will be omitted with a `*`.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    attr_accessor :repeating
+
+    alias repeating? repeating
+
+    #
+    # Sets the hexdump type.
+    #
+    # @param [:int8, :uint8, :char, :uchar, :byte, :int16, :int16_le, :int16_be, :int16_ne, :uint16, :uint16_le, :uint16_be, :uint16_ne, :short, :short_le, :short_be, :short_ne, :ushort, :ushort_le, :ushort_be, :ushort_ne, :int32, :int32_le, :int32_be, :int32_ne, :uint32, :uint32_le, :uint32_be, :uint32_ne, :int, :long, :long_le, :long_be, :long_ne, :uint, :ulong, :ulong_le, :ulong_be, :ulong_ne, :int64, :int64_le, :int64_be, :int64_ne, :uint64, :uint64_le, :uint64_be, :uint64_ne, :long_long, :long_long_le, :long_long_be, :long_long_ne, :ulong_long, :ulong_long_le, :ulong_long_be, :ulong_long_ne, :float, :float_le, :float_be, :float_ne, :double, :double_le, :double_be, :double_ne] value
+    #
+    # @return [Type]
+    #
+    # @raise [ArgumentError]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    #
+    def type=(value)
+      @type = TYPES.fetch(value) do
+                raise(ArgumentError,"unsupported type: #{value.inspect}")
+              end
+    end
+
+    #
+    # @group Numeric Configuration
+    #
+
+    # The base to dump words as.
+    #
+    # @return [16, 10, 8, 2]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    attr_accessor :base
+
+    #
+    # Sets the numeric column base.
+    #
+    # @param [16, 10, 8, 2] value
+    # 
+    # @return [16, 10, 8, 2]
+    #
+    # @raise [ArgumentError]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    #
+    def base=(value)
+      case value
+      when 16, 10, 8, 2
+        @base = value
+      else
+        raise(ArgumentError,"unsupported base: #{value.inspect}")
+      end
+    end
+
+    # The number of columns per hexdump line.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    attr_accessor :columns
+
+    # The number of columns to group together.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer, nil]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    attr_accessor :group_columns
+
+    #
+    # @group Index Configuration
+    #
+
+    # The base to format the index column as.
+    #
+    # @return [16, 10, 8, 2]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    attr_reader :index_base
+
+    #
+    # Sets the index column base.
+    #
+    # @param [16, 10, 8, 2] value
+    # 
+    # @return [16, 10, 8, 2]
+    #
+    # @raise [ArgumentError]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    #
+    def index_base=(value)
+      case value
+      when 16, 10, 8, 2
+        @index_base = value
+      else
+        raise(ArgumentError,"unsupported index base: #{value.inspect}")
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Starts the index at the given offset.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer, nil]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    attr_accessor :index_offset
+
+    #
+    # @group Characters Configuration
+    #
+
+    # The encoding to use when decoding characters.
+    #
+    # @return [Encoding, nil]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    attr_reader :encoding
+
+    #
+    # Sets the encoding.
+    #
+    # @param [:ascii, :utf8, Encoding, nil] value
+    #
+    # @return [Encoding, nil]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    #
+    def encoding=(value)
+      @encoding = case value
+                  when :ascii   then nil
+                  when :utf8    then Encoding::UTF_8
+                  when Encoding then value
+                  when nil      then nil
+                  else
+                    raise(ArgumentError,"encoding must be nil, :ascii, :utf8, or an Encoding object")
+                  end
+    end
+
+    # Controls whether to display the characters column.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    attr_accessor :chars_column
+
+    alias chars_column? chars_column
+
+    # Groups the characters together into groups.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer, nil]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    attr_reader :group_chars
+
+    #
+    # Sets the character grouping.
+    #
+    # @param [Integer, :type] value
+    #
+    # @return [Integer, nil]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    #
+    def group_chars=(value)
+      @group_chars = case value
+                     when Integer then value
+                     when :type   then @type.size
+                     when nil     then nil
+                     else
+                       raise(ArgumentError,"invalid group_chars value: #{value.inspect}")
+                     end
+    end
+
+    #
+    # @group Theme Configuration
+    #
+
+    #
+    # Determines if hexdump styling/highlighting has been enabled.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    #
+    # @api public
+    #
+    def theme?
+      !@theme.nil?
+    end
+
+    #
+    # The hexdump theme.
+    #
+    # @yield [theme]
+    #   If a block is given, the theme will be auto-initialized and yielded.
+    #
+    # @yieldparam [Theme] theme
+    #   The hexdump theme.
+    #
+    # @return [Theme, nil]
+    #   The initialized hexdump theme.
+    #
+    # @api public
+    #
+    def theme(&block)
+      if block
+        @theme ||= Theme.new
+        @theme.tap(&block)
+      else
+        @theme
+      end
+    end
+
+    #
+    # @group Formatting Methods
+    #
+
+    #
+    # Enumerates over each slice of read values.
+    #
+    # @param [#each_byte] data
+    #   The data to be hexdumped.
+    #
+    # @yield [slice]
+    #   The given block will be passed the hexdump break-down of each
+    #   row.
+    #
+    # @yieldparam [Array<(String, Integer)>, Array<(String, Float)>] slice
+    #   The decoded values.
+    #
+    # @return [Enumerator]
+    #   If no block is given, an Enumerator will be returned.
+    #
+    def each_slice(data,&block)
+      @reader.each(data).each_slice(@columns,&block)
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Enumerates each row of values read from the given data.
+    #
+    # @param [#each_byte] data
+    #   The data to be hexdumped.
+    #
+    # @yield [index, values, chars]
+    #   The given block will be passed the hexdump break-down of each
+    #   row.
+    #
+    # @yieldparam [Integer, '*'] index
+    #   The index of the hexdumped row.
+    #   If the index is `'*'`, then it indicates the beginning of repeating
+    #   rows of data.
+    #
+    # @yieldparam [Array<Integer>, Array<Float>] values
+    #   The decoded values.
+    #
+    # @yieldparam [String] chars
+    #   A raw characters that were read.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer, Enumerator]
+    #   If a block is given, then the final number of bytes read is returned.
+    #   If no block is given, an Enumerator will be returned.
+    #
+    def each_row(data,&block)
+      return enum_for(__method__,data) unless block_given?
+
+      index = @index_offset || 0
+      chars = nil
+
+      each_slice(data) do |slice|
+        numeric = []
+        chars   = [] if @chars
+
+        next_index = index
+
+        slice.each do |(raw,value)|
+          numeric << value
+          chars   << raw if @chars
+
+          next_index += raw.length
+        end
+
+        yield index, numeric, chars
+        index = next_index
+      end
+
+      return index
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Enumerates each non-repeating row of hexdumped data.
+    #
+    # @param [#each_byte] data
+    #   The data to be hexdumped.
+    #
+    # @yield [index, numeric, chars]
+    #   The given block will be passed the hexdump break-down of each
+    #   row.
+    #
+    # @yieldparam [Integer, '*'] index
+    #   The index of the hexdumped row.
+    #   If the index is `'*'`, then it indicates the beginning of repeating
+    #   rows of data.
+    #
+    # @yieldparam [Array<Integer>, Array<Float>, nil] values
+    #   The decoded values.
+    #
+    # @yieldparam [String, nil] chars
+    #   A raw characters that were read.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer, Enumerator]
+    #   If a block is given, the final number of bytes read will be returned.
+    #   If no block is given, an Enumerator will be returned.
+    #
+    def each_non_repeating_row(data)
+      return enum_for(__method__,data) unless block_given?
+
+      previous_row = nil
+      is_repeating = false
+
+      each_row(data) do |index,*row|
+        if row == previous_row
+          unless is_repeating
+            yield '*'
+            is_repeating = true
+          end
+        else
+          if is_repeating
+            previous_row = nil
+            is_repeating = false
+          end
+
+          yield index, *row
+          previous_row = row
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Enumerates each formatted row of hexdumped data.
+    #
+    # @param [#each_byte] data
+    #   The data to be hexdumped.
+    #
+    # @param [Boolean] ansi
+    #   Whether to enable styling/highlighting.
+    #
+    # @yield [index, numeric, chars]
+    #   The given block will be passed the hexdump break-down of each
+    #   row.
+    #
+    # @yieldparam [Integer, '*'] index
+    #   The index of the hexdumped row.
+    #   If the index is `'*'`, then it indicates the beginning of repeating
+    #   rows of data.
+    #
+    # @yieldparam [Array<String>, nil] numeric
+    #   The numeric representation of the row.
+    #
+    # @yieldparam [Array<String>, nil] chars
+    #   The printable representation of the row.
+    #
+    # @return [String, Enumerator]
+    #   If a block is given, the final number of bytes read will be returned.
+    #   If no block is given, an Enumerator will be returned.
+    #
+    def each_formatted_row(data, ansi: theme?, **kwargs)
+      return enum_for(__method__,data, ansi: ansi) unless block_given?
+
+      format_index = lambda { |index|
+        formatted = @index % index
+        formatted = @theme.index.apply(formatted) if ansi
+        formatted
+      }
+
+      blank = ' ' * @numeric.width
+
+      format_numeric = lambda { |value|
+        if value
+          formatted = @numeric % value
+          formatted = @theme.numeric.apply(formatted) if ansi
+          formatted
+        else
+          blank
+        end
+      }
+
+      # cache the formatted numbers for 8bit and 16bit values
+      numeric_cache = if @type.size <= 2
+                        Hash.new do |hash,value|
+                          hash[value] = format_numeric.call(value)
+                        end
+                      else
+                        format_numeric
+                      end
+
+      if @chars
+        format_chars = lambda { |chars|
+          formatted = @chars.scrub(chars.join)
+          formatted = @theme.chars.apply(formatted) if ansi
+          formatted
+        }
+      end
+
+      enum = if @repeating then each_row(data)
+             else               each_non_repeating_row(data)
+             end
+
+      index = enum.each do |index,numeric,chars=nil|
+        if index == '*'
+          yield index
+        else
+          formatted_index   = format_index[index]
+          formatted_numbers = numeric.map { |value| numeric_cache[value] }
+
+          formatted_chars = if @chars
+                              if @group_chars
+                                chars.join.chars.each_slice(@group_chars).map(&format_chars)
+                              else
+                                format_chars.call(chars)
+                              end
+                            end
+
+          yield formatted_index, formatted_numbers, formatted_chars
+        end
+      end
+
+      return format_index[index]
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Enumerates over each line in the hexdump.
+    #
+    # @param [#each_byte] data
+    #   The data to be hexdumped.
+    #
+    # @param [Hash{Symbol => Object}] kwargs
+    #   Additional keyword arguments for {#each_formatted_row}.
+    #
+    # @yield [line]
+    #   The given block will be passed each line from the hexdump.
+    #
+    # @yieldparam [String] line
+    #   Each line from the hexdump output, terminated with a newline character.
+    #
+    # @return [Enumerator]
+    #   If no block is given, an Enumerator object will be returned
+    #
+    # @return [nil]
+    #
+    def each_line(data,**kwargs)
+      return enum_for(__method__,data,**kwargs) unless block_given?
+
+      join_numeric = if @group_columns
+                       lambda { |numeric|
+                         numeric.each_slice(@group_columns).map { |numbers|
+                           numbers.join(' ')
+                         }.join('  ')
+                       }
+                     else
+                       lambda { |numeric| numeric.join(' ') }
+                     end
+
+      index = each_formatted_row(data,**kwargs) do |index,numeric,chars=nil|
+        if index == '*'
+          yield "#{index}#{$/}"
+        else
+          numeric_column = join_numeric.call(numeric)
+
+          if numeric.length < @columns
+            missing_columns = (@columns - numeric.length)
+            column_width    = @numeric.width + 1
+
+            spaces = (missing_columns * column_width)
+            spaces += ((missing_columns / @group_columns) - 1) if @group_columns
+
+            numeric_column << ' ' * spaces
+          end
+
+          line = if @chars
+                   if @group_chars
+                     chars = chars.join('|')
+                   end
+
+                   "#{index}  #{numeric_column}  |#{chars}|#{$/}"
+                 else
+                   "#{index}  #{numeric_column}#{$/}"
+                 end
+
+          yield line
+        end
+      end
+
+      yield "#{index}#{$/}"
+      return nil
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Prints the hexdump.
+    #
+    # @param [#each_byte] data
+    #   The data to be hexdumped.
+    #
+    # @param [#print] output
+    #   The output to dump the hexdump to.
+    #
+    # @return [nil]
+    #
+    # @raise [ArgumentError]
+    #   The output value does not support the `#<<` method.
+    #
+    def hexdump(data, output: $stdout)
+      unless output.respond_to?(:<<)
+        raise(ArgumentError,"output must support the #<< method")
+      end
+
+      ansi = theme? && $stdout.tty?
+
+      each_line(data, ansi: ansi) do |line|
+        output << line
+      end
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Outputs the hexdump to a String.
+    #
+    # @param [#each_byte] data
+    #   The data to be hexdumped.
+    #
+    # @return [String]
+    #   The output of the hexdump.
+    #
+    # @note
+    #   **Caution:** this method appends each line of the hexdump to a String,
+    #   and that String can grow quite large and consume a lot of memory.
+    #
+    def dump(data)
+      String.new.tap do |string|
+        hexdump(data, output: string)
+      end
+    end
 
-  #
-  # Hexdumps the object.
-  #
-  # @see Hexdump.dump
-  #
-  def hexdump(**options,&block)
-    Hexdump.dump(self,**options,&block)
   end
 end