grpc 1.53.0 → 1.59.2

data/third_party/boringssl-with-bazel/src/crypto/asn1/tasn_dec.c

@@ -55,758 +55,771 @@
  * [including the GNU Public Licence.] */
 
 #include <openssl/asn1.h>
-
-#include <limits.h>
-#include <string.h>
-
 #include <openssl/asn1t.h>
+#include <openssl/bytestring.h>
 #include <openssl/err.h>
 #include <openssl/mem.h>
+#include <openssl/pool.h>
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <string.h>
 
+#include "../bytestring/internal.h"
 #include "../internal.h"
 #include "internal.h"
 
-/*
- * Constructed types with a recursive definition (such as can be found in PKCS7)
- * could eventually exceed the stack given malicious input with excessive
- * recursion. Therefore we limit the stack depth. This is the maximum number of
- * recursive invocations of asn1_item_embed_d2i().
- */
+// Constructed types with a recursive definition (such as can be found in PKCS7)
+// could eventually exceed the stack given malicious input with excessive
+// recursion. Therefore we limit the stack depth. This is the maximum number of
+// recursive invocations of asn1_item_embed_d2i().
 #define ASN1_MAX_CONSTRUCTED_NEST 30
 
-static int asn1_check_eoc(const unsigned char **in, long len);
-
 static int asn1_check_tlen(long *olen, int *otag, unsigned char *oclass,
                            char *cst, const unsigned char **in, long len,
-                           int exptag, int expclass, char opt, ASN1_TLC *ctx);
-
-static int asn1_template_ex_d2i(ASN1_VALUE **pval,
-                                const unsigned char **in, long len,
-                                const ASN1_TEMPLATE *tt, char opt,
-                                ASN1_TLC *ctx, int depth);
-static int asn1_template_noexp_d2i(ASN1_VALUE **val,
-                                   const unsigned char **in, long len,
-                                   const ASN1_TEMPLATE *tt, char opt,
-                                   ASN1_TLC *ctx, int depth);
-static int asn1_ex_c2i(ASN1_VALUE **pval, const unsigned char *cont, int len,
+                           int exptag, int expclass, char opt);
+
+static int asn1_template_ex_d2i(ASN1_VALUE **pval, const unsigned char **in,
+                                long len, const ASN1_TEMPLATE *tt, char opt,
+                                CRYPTO_BUFFER *buf, int depth);
+static int asn1_template_noexp_d2i(ASN1_VALUE **val, const unsigned char **in,
+                                   long len, const ASN1_TEMPLATE *tt, char opt,
+                                   CRYPTO_BUFFER *buf, int depth);
+static int asn1_ex_c2i(ASN1_VALUE **pval, const unsigned char *cont, long len,
                        int utype, const ASN1_ITEM *it);
-static int asn1_d2i_ex_primitive(ASN1_VALUE **pval,
-                                 const unsigned char **in, long len,
-                                 const ASN1_ITEM *it,
-                                 int tag, int aclass, char opt,
-                                 ASN1_TLC *ctx);
-
-/* Table to convert tags to bit values, used for MSTRING type */
-static const unsigned long tag2bit[32] = {
-    0, 0, 0, B_ASN1_BIT_STRING, /* tags 0 - 3 */
-    B_ASN1_OCTET_STRING, 0, 0, B_ASN1_UNKNOWN, /* tags 4- 7 */
-    B_ASN1_UNKNOWN, B_ASN1_UNKNOWN, B_ASN1_UNKNOWN, B_ASN1_UNKNOWN, /* tags
-                                                                     * 8-11 */
-    B_ASN1_UTF8STRING, B_ASN1_UNKNOWN, B_ASN1_UNKNOWN, B_ASN1_UNKNOWN, /* tags
-                                                                        * 12-15
-                                                                        */
-    B_ASN1_SEQUENCE, 0, B_ASN1_NUMERICSTRING, B_ASN1_PRINTABLESTRING, /* tags
-                                                                       * 16-19
-                                                                       */
-    B_ASN1_T61STRING, B_ASN1_VIDEOTEXSTRING, B_ASN1_IA5STRING, /* tags 20-22 */
-    B_ASN1_UTCTIME, B_ASN1_GENERALIZEDTIME, /* tags 23-24 */
-    B_ASN1_GRAPHICSTRING, B_ASN1_ISO64STRING, B_ASN1_GENERALSTRING, /* tags
-                                                                     * 25-27 */
-    B_ASN1_UNIVERSALSTRING, B_ASN1_UNKNOWN, B_ASN1_BMPSTRING, B_ASN1_UNKNOWN, /* tags
-                                                                               * 28-31
-                                                                               */
+static int asn1_d2i_ex_primitive(ASN1_VALUE **pval, const unsigned char **in,
+                                 long len, const ASN1_ITEM *it, int tag,
+                                 int aclass, char opt);
+static int asn1_item_ex_d2i(ASN1_VALUE **pval, const unsigned char **in,
+                            long len, const ASN1_ITEM *it, int tag, int aclass,
+                            char opt, CRYPTO_BUFFER *buf, int depth);
+
+// Table to convert tags to bit values, used for MSTRING type
+static const unsigned long tag2bit[31] = {
+    0,  // (reserved)
+    0,  // BOOLEAN
+    0,  // INTEGER
+    B_ASN1_BIT_STRING,
+    B_ASN1_OCTET_STRING,
+    0,               // NULL
+    0,               // OBJECT IDENTIFIER
+    B_ASN1_UNKNOWN,  // ObjectDescriptor
+    B_ASN1_UNKNOWN,  // EXTERNAL
+    B_ASN1_UNKNOWN,  // REAL
+    B_ASN1_UNKNOWN,  // ENUMERATED
+    B_ASN1_UNKNOWN,  // EMBEDDED PDV
+    B_ASN1_UTF8STRING,
+    B_ASN1_UNKNOWN,  // RELATIVE-OID
+    B_ASN1_UNKNOWN,  // TIME
+    B_ASN1_UNKNOWN,  // (reserved)
+    B_ASN1_SEQUENCE,
+    0,  // SET
+    B_ASN1_NUMERICSTRING,
+    B_ASN1_PRINTABLESTRING,
+    B_ASN1_T61STRING,
+    B_ASN1_VIDEOTEXSTRING,
+    B_ASN1_IA5STRING,
+    B_ASN1_UTCTIME,
+    B_ASN1_GENERALIZEDTIME,
+    B_ASN1_GRAPHICSTRING,
+    B_ASN1_ISO64STRING,
+    B_ASN1_GENERALSTRING,
+    B_ASN1_UNIVERSALSTRING,
+    B_ASN1_UNKNOWN,  // CHARACTER STRING
+    B_ASN1_BMPSTRING,
 };
 
-unsigned long ASN1_tag2bit(int tag)
-{
-    if ((tag < 0) || (tag > 30))
-        return 0;
-    return tag2bit[tag];
+unsigned long ASN1_tag2bit(int tag) {
+  if (tag < 0 || tag > 30) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return tag2bit[tag];
 }
 
-/* Macro to initialize and invalidate the cache */
-
-#define asn1_tlc_clear(c)       if (c) (c)->valid = 0
-/* Version to avoid compiler warning about 'c' always non-NULL */
-#define asn1_tlc_clear_nc(c)    (c)->valid = 0
-
-/*
- * Decode an ASN1 item, this currently behaves just like a standard 'd2i'
- * function. 'in' points to a buffer to read the data from, in future we
- * will have more advanced versions that can input data a piece at a time and
- * this will simply be a special case.
- */
-
-ASN1_VALUE *ASN1_item_d2i(ASN1_VALUE **pval,
-                          const unsigned char **in, long len,
-                          const ASN1_ITEM *it)
-{
-    ASN1_TLC c;
-    ASN1_VALUE *ptmpval = NULL;
-    if (!pval)
-        pval = &ptmpval;
-    asn1_tlc_clear_nc(&c);
-    if (ASN1_item_ex_d2i(pval, in, len, it, -1, 0, 0, &c) > 0)
-        return *pval;
-    return NULL;
+static int is_supported_universal_type(int tag, int aclass) {
+  if (aclass != V_ASN1_UNIVERSAL) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return tag == V_ASN1_OBJECT || tag == V_ASN1_NULL || tag == V_ASN1_BOOLEAN ||
+         tag == V_ASN1_BIT_STRING || tag == V_ASN1_INTEGER ||
+         tag == V_ASN1_ENUMERATED || tag == V_ASN1_OCTET_STRING ||
+         tag == V_ASN1_NUMERICSTRING || tag == V_ASN1_PRINTABLESTRING ||
+         tag == V_ASN1_T61STRING || tag == V_ASN1_VIDEOTEXSTRING ||
+         tag == V_ASN1_IA5STRING || tag == V_ASN1_UTCTIME ||
+         tag == V_ASN1_GENERALIZEDTIME || tag == V_ASN1_GRAPHICSTRING ||
+         tag == V_ASN1_VISIBLESTRING || tag == V_ASN1_GENERALSTRING ||
+         tag == V_ASN1_UNIVERSALSTRING || tag == V_ASN1_BMPSTRING ||
+         tag == V_ASN1_UTF8STRING || tag == V_ASN1_SET ||
+         tag == V_ASN1_SEQUENCE;
 }
 
-/*
- * Decode an item, taking care of IMPLICIT tagging, if any. If 'opt' set and
- * tag mismatch return -1 to handle OPTIONAL
- */
+// Macro to initialize and invalidate the cache
+
+// Decode an ASN1 item, this currently behaves just like a standard 'd2i'
+// function. 'in' points to a buffer to read the data from, in future we
+// will have more advanced versions that can input data a piece at a time and
+// this will simply be a special case.
+
+ASN1_VALUE *ASN1_item_d2i(ASN1_VALUE **pval, const unsigned char **in, long len,
+                          const ASN1_ITEM *it) {
+  ASN1_VALUE *ret = NULL;
+  if (asn1_item_ex_d2i(&ret, in, len, it, /*tag=*/-1, /*aclass=*/0, /*opt=*/0,
+                       /*buf=*/NULL, /*depth=*/0) <= 0) {
+    // Clean up, in case the caller left a partial object.
+    //
+    // TODO(davidben): I don't think it can leave one, but the codepaths below
+    // are a bit inconsistent. Revisit this when rewriting this function.
+    ASN1_item_ex_free(&ret, it);
+  }
+
+  // If the caller supplied an output pointer, free the old one and replace it
+  // with |ret|. This differs from OpenSSL slightly in that we don't support
+  // object reuse. We run this on both success and failure. On failure, even
+  // with object reuse, OpenSSL destroys the previous object.
+  if (pval != NULL) {
+    ASN1_item_ex_free(pval, it);
+    *pval = ret;
+  }
+  return ret;
+}
+
+// Decode an item, taking care of IMPLICIT tagging, if any. If 'opt' set and
+// tag mismatch return -1 to handle OPTIONAL
+//
+// TODO(davidben): Historically, all functions in this file had to account for
+// |*pval| containing an arbitrary existing value. This is no longer the case
+// because |ASN1_item_d2i| now always starts from NULL. As part of rewriting
+// this function, take the simplified assumptions into account. Though we must
+// still account for the internal calls to |ASN1_item_ex_new|.
 
 static int asn1_item_ex_d2i(ASN1_VALUE **pval, const unsigned char **in,
                             long len, const ASN1_ITEM *it, int tag, int aclass,
-                            char opt, ASN1_TLC *ctx, int depth)
-{
-    const ASN1_TEMPLATE *tt, *errtt = NULL;
-    const ASN1_EXTERN_FUNCS *ef;
-    const unsigned char *p = NULL, *q;
-    unsigned char oclass;
-    char cst, isopt;
-    int i;
-    int otag;
-    int ret = 0;
-    ASN1_VALUE **pchptr;
-    int combine = aclass & ASN1_TFLG_COMBINE;
-    aclass &= ~ASN1_TFLG_COMBINE;
-    if (!pval)
-        return 0;
-
-    /*
-     * Bound |len| to comfortably fit in an int. Lengths in this module often
-     * switch between int and long without overflow checks.
-     */
-    if (len > INT_MAX/2) {
-        len = INT_MAX/2;
-    }
+                            char opt, CRYPTO_BUFFER *buf, int depth) {
+  const ASN1_TEMPLATE *tt, *errtt = NULL;
+  const unsigned char *p = NULL, *q;
+  unsigned char oclass;
+  char cst, isopt;
+  int i;
+  int otag;
+  int ret = 0;
+  ASN1_VALUE **pchptr;
+  if (!pval) {
+    return 0;
+  }
 
-    if (++depth > ASN1_MAX_CONSTRUCTED_NEST) {
-        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_TOO_DEEP);
-        goto err;
-    }
+  if (buf != NULL) {
+    assert(CRYPTO_BUFFER_data(buf) <= *in &&
+           *in + len <= CRYPTO_BUFFER_data(buf) + CRYPTO_BUFFER_len(buf));
+  }
 
-    switch (it->itype) {
+  // Bound |len| to comfortably fit in an int. Lengths in this module often
+  // switch between int and long without overflow checks.
+  if (len > INT_MAX / 2) {
+    len = INT_MAX / 2;
+  }
+
+  if (++depth > ASN1_MAX_CONSTRUCTED_NEST) {
+    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_TOO_DEEP);
+    goto err;
+  }
+
+  switch (it->itype) {
     case ASN1_ITYPE_PRIMITIVE:
-        if (it->templates) {
-            /*
-             * tagging or OPTIONAL is currently illegal on an item template
-             * because the flags can't get passed down. In practice this
-             * isn't a problem: we include the relevant flags from the item
-             * template in the template itself.
-             */
-            if ((tag != -1) || opt) {
-                OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1,
-                                  ASN1_R_ILLEGAL_OPTIONS_ON_ITEM_TEMPLATE);
-                goto err;
-            }
-            return asn1_template_ex_d2i(pval, in, len,
-                                        it->templates, opt, ctx, depth);
-        }
-        return asn1_d2i_ex_primitive(pval, in, len, it,
-                                     tag, aclass, opt, ctx);
-        break;
+      if (it->templates) {
+        // tagging or OPTIONAL is currently illegal on an item template
+        // because the flags can't get passed down. In practice this
+        // isn't a problem: we include the relevant flags from the item
+        // template in the template itself.
+        if ((tag != -1) || opt) {
+          OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_ILLEGAL_OPTIONS_ON_ITEM_TEMPLATE);
+          goto err;
+        }
+        return asn1_template_ex_d2i(pval, in, len, it->templates, opt, buf,
+                                    depth);
+      }
+      return asn1_d2i_ex_primitive(pval, in, len, it, tag, aclass, opt);
+      break;
 
     case ASN1_ITYPE_MSTRING:
-        /*
-         * It never makes sense for multi-strings to have implicit tagging, so
-         * if tag != -1, then this looks like an error in the template.
-         */
-        if (tag != -1) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_BAD_TEMPLATE);
-            goto err;
-        }
+      // It never makes sense for multi-strings to have implicit tagging, so
+      // if tag != -1, then this looks like an error in the template.
+      if (tag != -1) {
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_BAD_TEMPLATE);
+        goto err;
+      }
 
-        p = *in;
-        /* Just read in tag and class */
-        ret = asn1_check_tlen(NULL, &otag, &oclass, NULL,
-                              &p, len, -1, 0, 1, ctx);
-        if (!ret) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
-            goto err;
-        }
+      p = *in;
+      // Just read in tag and class
+      ret = asn1_check_tlen(NULL, &otag, &oclass, NULL, &p, len, -1, 0, 1);
+      if (!ret) {
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
+        goto err;
+      }
 
-        /* Must be UNIVERSAL class */
-        if (oclass != V_ASN1_UNIVERSAL) {
-            /* If OPTIONAL, assume this is OK */
-            if (opt)
-                return -1;
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_MSTRING_NOT_UNIVERSAL);
-            goto err;
+      // Must be UNIVERSAL class
+      if (oclass != V_ASN1_UNIVERSAL) {
+        // If OPTIONAL, assume this is OK
+        if (opt) {
+          return -1;
         }
-        /* Check tag matches bit map */
-        if (!(ASN1_tag2bit(otag) & it->utype)) {
-            /* If OPTIONAL, assume this is OK */
-            if (opt)
-                return -1;
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_MSTRING_WRONG_TAG);
-            goto err;
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_MSTRING_NOT_UNIVERSAL);
+        goto err;
+      }
+      // Check tag matches bit map
+      if (!(ASN1_tag2bit(otag) & it->utype)) {
+        // If OPTIONAL, assume this is OK
+        if (opt) {
+          return -1;
         }
-        return asn1_d2i_ex_primitive(pval, in, len, it, otag, 0, 0, ctx);
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_MSTRING_WRONG_TAG);
+        goto err;
+      }
+      return asn1_d2i_ex_primitive(pval, in, len, it, otag, 0, 0);
 
-    case ASN1_ITYPE_EXTERN:
-        /* Use new style d2i */
-        ef = it->funcs;
-        return ef->asn1_ex_d2i(pval, in, len, it, tag, aclass, opt, ctx);
+    case ASN1_ITYPE_EXTERN: {
+      // We don't support implicit tagging with external types.
+      if (tag != -1) {
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_BAD_TEMPLATE);
+        goto err;
+      }
+      const ASN1_EXTERN_FUNCS *ef = it->funcs;
+      return ef->asn1_ex_d2i(pval, in, len, it, opt, NULL);
+    }
 
     case ASN1_ITYPE_CHOICE: {
-        /*
-         * It never makes sense for CHOICE types to have implicit tagging, so if
-         * tag != -1, then this looks like an error in the template.
-         */
-        if (tag != -1) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_BAD_TEMPLATE);
-            goto err;
-        }
-
-        const ASN1_AUX *aux = it->funcs;
-        ASN1_aux_cb *asn1_cb = aux != NULL ? aux->asn1_cb : NULL;
-        if (asn1_cb && !asn1_cb(ASN1_OP_D2I_PRE, pval, it, NULL))
-            goto auxerr;
-
-        if (*pval) {
-            /* Free up and zero CHOICE value if initialised */
-            i = asn1_get_choice_selector(pval, it);
-            if ((i >= 0) && (i < it->tcount)) {
-                tt = it->templates + i;
-                pchptr = asn1_get_field_ptr(pval, tt);
-                ASN1_template_free(pchptr, tt);
-                asn1_set_choice_selector(pval, -1, it);
-            }
-        } else if (!ASN1_item_ex_new(pval, it)) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
-            goto err;
-        }
-        /* CHOICE type, try each possibility in turn */
-        p = *in;
-        for (i = 0, tt = it->templates; i < it->tcount; i++, tt++) {
-            pchptr = asn1_get_field_ptr(pval, tt);
-            /*
-             * We mark field as OPTIONAL so its absence can be recognised.
-             */
-            ret = asn1_template_ex_d2i(pchptr, &p, len, tt, 1, ctx, depth);
-            /* If field not present, try the next one */
-            if (ret == -1)
-                continue;
-            /* If positive return, read OK, break loop */
-            if (ret > 0)
-                break;
-            /* Otherwise must be an ASN1 parsing error */
-            errtt = tt;
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
-            goto err;
-        }
+      // It never makes sense for CHOICE types to have implicit tagging, so if
+      // tag != -1, then this looks like an error in the template.
+      if (tag != -1) {
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_BAD_TEMPLATE);
+        goto err;
+      }
+
+      const ASN1_AUX *aux = it->funcs;
+      ASN1_aux_cb *asn1_cb = aux != NULL ? aux->asn1_cb : NULL;
+      if (asn1_cb && !asn1_cb(ASN1_OP_D2I_PRE, pval, it, NULL)) {
+        goto auxerr;
+      }
+
+      if (*pval) {
+        // Free up and zero CHOICE value if initialised
+        i = asn1_get_choice_selector(pval, it);
+        if ((i >= 0) && (i < it->tcount)) {
+          tt = it->templates + i;
+          pchptr = asn1_get_field_ptr(pval, tt);
+          ASN1_template_free(pchptr, tt);
+          asn1_set_choice_selector(pval, -1, it);
+        }
+      } else if (!ASN1_item_ex_new(pval, it)) {
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
+        goto err;
+      }
+      // CHOICE type, try each possibility in turn
+      p = *in;
+      for (i = 0, tt = it->templates; i < it->tcount; i++, tt++) {
+        pchptr = asn1_get_field_ptr(pval, tt);
+        // We mark field as OPTIONAL so its absence can be recognised.
+        ret = asn1_template_ex_d2i(pchptr, &p, len, tt, 1, buf, depth);
+        // If field not present, try the next one
+        if (ret == -1) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        // If positive return, read OK, break loop
+        if (ret > 0) {
+          break;
+        }
+        // Otherwise must be an ASN1 parsing error
+        errtt = tt;
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
+        goto err;
+      }
 
-        /* Did we fall off the end without reading anything? */
-        if (i == it->tcount) {
-            /* If OPTIONAL, this is OK */
-            if (opt) {
-                /* Free and zero it */
-                ASN1_item_ex_free(pval, it);
-                return -1;
-            }
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NO_MATCHING_CHOICE_TYPE);
-            goto err;
+      // Did we fall off the end without reading anything?
+      if (i == it->tcount) {
+        // If OPTIONAL, this is OK
+        if (opt) {
+          // Free and zero it
+          ASN1_item_ex_free(pval, it);
+          return -1;
         }
-
-        asn1_set_choice_selector(pval, i, it);
-        if (asn1_cb && !asn1_cb(ASN1_OP_D2I_POST, pval, it, NULL))
-            goto auxerr;
-        *in = p;
-        return 1;
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NO_MATCHING_CHOICE_TYPE);
+        goto err;
+      }
+
+      asn1_set_choice_selector(pval, i, it);
+      if (asn1_cb && !asn1_cb(ASN1_OP_D2I_POST, pval, it, NULL)) {
+        goto auxerr;
+      }
+      *in = p;
+      return 1;
     }
 
     case ASN1_ITYPE_SEQUENCE: {
-        p = *in;
+      p = *in;
 
-        /* If no IMPLICIT tagging set to SEQUENCE, UNIVERSAL */
-        if (tag == -1) {
-            tag = V_ASN1_SEQUENCE;
-            aclass = V_ASN1_UNIVERSAL;
-        }
-        /* Get SEQUENCE length and update len, p */
-        ret = asn1_check_tlen(&len, NULL, NULL, &cst,
-                              &p, len, tag, aclass, opt, ctx);
-        if (!ret) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
-            goto err;
-        } else if (ret == -1)
-            return -1;
-        if (!cst) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_SEQUENCE_NOT_CONSTRUCTED);
-            goto err;
-        }
-
-        if (!*pval && !ASN1_item_ex_new(pval, it)) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
-            goto err;
-        }
+      // If no IMPLICIT tagging set to SEQUENCE, UNIVERSAL
+      if (tag == -1) {
+        tag = V_ASN1_SEQUENCE;
+        aclass = V_ASN1_UNIVERSAL;
+      }
+      // Get SEQUENCE length and update len, p
+      ret = asn1_check_tlen(&len, NULL, NULL, &cst, &p, len, tag, aclass, opt);
+      if (!ret) {
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
+        goto err;
+      } else if (ret == -1) {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      if (!cst) {
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_SEQUENCE_NOT_CONSTRUCTED);
+        goto err;
+      }
 
-        const ASN1_AUX *aux = it->funcs;
-        ASN1_aux_cb *asn1_cb = aux != NULL ? aux->asn1_cb : NULL;
-        if (asn1_cb && !asn1_cb(ASN1_OP_D2I_PRE, pval, it, NULL))
-            goto auxerr;
-
-        /* Free up and zero any ADB found */
-        for (i = 0, tt = it->templates; i < it->tcount; i++, tt++) {
-            if (tt->flags & ASN1_TFLG_ADB_MASK) {
-                const ASN1_TEMPLATE *seqtt;
-                ASN1_VALUE **pseqval;
-                seqtt = asn1_do_adb(pval, tt, 0);
-                if (seqtt == NULL)
-                    continue;
-                pseqval = asn1_get_field_ptr(pval, seqtt);
-                ASN1_template_free(pseqval, seqtt);
-            }
+      if (!*pval && !ASN1_item_ex_new(pval, it)) {
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
+        goto err;
+      }
+
+      const ASN1_AUX *aux = it->funcs;
+      ASN1_aux_cb *asn1_cb = aux != NULL ? aux->asn1_cb : NULL;
+      if (asn1_cb && !asn1_cb(ASN1_OP_D2I_PRE, pval, it, NULL)) {
+        goto auxerr;
+      }
+
+      // Free up and zero any ADB found
+      for (i = 0, tt = it->templates; i < it->tcount; i++, tt++) {
+        if (tt->flags & ASN1_TFLG_ADB_MASK) {
+          const ASN1_TEMPLATE *seqtt;
+          ASN1_VALUE **pseqval;
+          seqtt = asn1_do_adb(pval, tt, 0);
+          if (seqtt == NULL) {
+            continue;
+          }
+          pseqval = asn1_get_field_ptr(pval, seqtt);
+          ASN1_template_free(pseqval, seqtt);
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Get each field entry
+      for (i = 0, tt = it->templates; i < it->tcount; i++, tt++) {
+        const ASN1_TEMPLATE *seqtt;
+        ASN1_VALUE **pseqval;
+        seqtt = asn1_do_adb(pval, tt, 1);
+        if (seqtt == NULL) {
+          goto err;
+        }
+        pseqval = asn1_get_field_ptr(pval, seqtt);
+        // Have we ran out of data?
+        if (!len) {
+          break;
         }
-
-        /* Get each field entry */
-        for (i = 0, tt = it->templates; i < it->tcount; i++, tt++) {
-            const ASN1_TEMPLATE *seqtt;
-            ASN1_VALUE **pseqval;
-            seqtt = asn1_do_adb(pval, tt, 1);
-            if (seqtt == NULL)
-                goto err;
-            pseqval = asn1_get_field_ptr(pval, seqtt);
-            /* Have we ran out of data? */
-            if (!len)
-                break;
-            q = p;
-            /* TODO(https://crbug.com/boringssl/455): Although we've removed
-             * indefinite-length support, this check is not quite a no-op.
-             * Reject [UNIVERSAL 0] in the tag parsers themselves. */
-            if (asn1_check_eoc(&p, len)) {
-                OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_UNEXPECTED_EOC);
-                goto err;
-            }
-            /*
-             * This determines the OPTIONAL flag value. The field cannot be
-             * omitted if it is the last of a SEQUENCE and there is still
-             * data to be read. This isn't strictly necessary but it
-             * increases efficiency in some cases.
-             */
-            if (i == (it->tcount - 1))
-                isopt = 0;
-            else
-                isopt = (char)(seqtt->flags & ASN1_TFLG_OPTIONAL);
-            /*
-             * attempt to read in field, allowing each to be OPTIONAL
-             */
-
-            ret = asn1_template_ex_d2i(pseqval, &p, len, seqtt, isopt, ctx,
-                                       depth);
-            if (!ret) {
-                errtt = seqtt;
-                goto err;
-            } else if (ret == -1) {
-                /*
-                 * OPTIONAL component absent. Free and zero the field.
-                 */
-                ASN1_template_free(pseqval, seqtt);
-                continue;
-            }
-            /* Update length */
-            len -= p - q;
+        q = p;
+        // This determines the OPTIONAL flag value. The field cannot be
+        // omitted if it is the last of a SEQUENCE and there is still
+        // data to be read. This isn't strictly necessary but it
+        // increases efficiency in some cases.
+        if (i == (it->tcount - 1)) {
+          isopt = 0;
+        } else {
+          isopt = (seqtt->flags & ASN1_TFLG_OPTIONAL) != 0;
         }
+        // attempt to read in field, allowing each to be OPTIONAL
 
-        /* Check all data read */
-        if (len) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_SEQUENCE_LENGTH_MISMATCH);
-            goto err;
-        }
+        ret = asn1_template_ex_d2i(pseqval, &p, len, seqtt, isopt, buf, depth);
+        if (!ret) {
+          errtt = seqtt;
+          goto err;
+        } else if (ret == -1) {
+          // OPTIONAL component absent. Free and zero the field.
+          ASN1_template_free(pseqval, seqtt);
+          continue;
+        }
+        // Update length
+        len -= p - q;
+      }
 
-        /*
-         * If we get here we've got no more data in the SEQUENCE, however we
-         * may not have read all fields so check all remaining are OPTIONAL
-         * and clear any that are.
-         */
-        for (; i < it->tcount; tt++, i++) {
-            const ASN1_TEMPLATE *seqtt;
-            seqtt = asn1_do_adb(pval, tt, 1);
-            if (seqtt == NULL)
-                goto err;
-            if (seqtt->flags & ASN1_TFLG_OPTIONAL) {
-                ASN1_VALUE **pseqval;
-                pseqval = asn1_get_field_ptr(pval, seqtt);
-                ASN1_template_free(pseqval, seqtt);
-            } else {
-                errtt = seqtt;
-                OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_FIELD_MISSING);
-                goto err;
-            }
-        }
-        /* Save encoding */
-        if (!asn1_enc_save(pval, *in, p - *in, it))
-            goto auxerr;
-        if (asn1_cb && !asn1_cb(ASN1_OP_D2I_POST, pval, it, NULL))
-            goto auxerr;
-        *in = p;
-        return 1;
+      // Check all data read
+      if (len) {
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_SEQUENCE_LENGTH_MISMATCH);
+        goto err;
+      }
+
+      // If we get here we've got no more data in the SEQUENCE, however we
+      // may not have read all fields so check all remaining are OPTIONAL
+      // and clear any that are.
+      for (; i < it->tcount; tt++, i++) {
+        const ASN1_TEMPLATE *seqtt;
+        seqtt = asn1_do_adb(pval, tt, 1);
+        if (seqtt == NULL) {
+          goto err;
+        }
+        if (seqtt->flags & ASN1_TFLG_OPTIONAL) {
+          ASN1_VALUE **pseqval;
+          pseqval = asn1_get_field_ptr(pval, seqtt);
+          ASN1_template_free(pseqval, seqtt);
+        } else {
+          errtt = seqtt;
+          OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_FIELD_MISSING);
+          goto err;
+        }
+      }
+      // Save encoding
+      if (!asn1_enc_save(pval, *in, p - *in, it, buf)) {
+        goto auxerr;
+      }
+      if (asn1_cb && !asn1_cb(ASN1_OP_D2I_POST, pval, it, NULL)) {
+        goto auxerr;
+      }
+      *in = p;
+      return 1;
     }
 
     default:
-        return 0;
-    }
- auxerr:
-    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_AUX_ERROR);
- err:
-    if (combine == 0)
-        ASN1_item_ex_free(pval, it);
-    if (errtt)
-        ERR_add_error_data(4, "Field=", errtt->field_name,
-                           ", Type=", it->sname);
-    else
-        ERR_add_error_data(2, "Type=", it->sname);
-    return 0;
+      return 0;
+  }
+auxerr:
+  OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_AUX_ERROR);
+err:
+  ASN1_item_ex_free(pval, it);
+  if (errtt) {
+    ERR_add_error_data(4, "Field=", errtt->field_name, ", Type=", it->sname);
+  } else {
+    ERR_add_error_data(2, "Type=", it->sname);
+  }
+  return 0;
 }
 
 int ASN1_item_ex_d2i(ASN1_VALUE **pval, const unsigned char **in, long len,
-                     const ASN1_ITEM *it,
-                     int tag, int aclass, char opt, ASN1_TLC *ctx)
-{
-    return asn1_item_ex_d2i(pval, in, len, it, tag, aclass, opt, ctx, 0);
+                     const ASN1_ITEM *it, int tag, int aclass, char opt,
+                     CRYPTO_BUFFER *buf) {
+  return asn1_item_ex_d2i(pval, in, len, it, tag, aclass, opt, buf,
+                          /*depth=*/0);
 }
 
-/*
- * Templates are handled with two separate functions. One handles any
- * EXPLICIT tag and the other handles the rest.
- */
-
-static int asn1_template_ex_d2i(ASN1_VALUE **val,
-                                const unsigned char **in, long inlen,
-                                const ASN1_TEMPLATE *tt, char opt,
-                                ASN1_TLC *ctx, int depth)
-{
-    int flags, aclass;
-    int ret;
-    long len;
-    const unsigned char *p, *q;
-    if (!val)
-        return 0;
-    flags = tt->flags;
-    aclass = flags & ASN1_TFLG_TAG_CLASS;
+// Templates are handled with two separate functions. One handles any
+// EXPLICIT tag and the other handles the rest.
+
+static int asn1_template_ex_d2i(ASN1_VALUE **val, const unsigned char **in,
+                                long inlen, const ASN1_TEMPLATE *tt, char opt,
+                                CRYPTO_BUFFER *buf, int depth) {
+  int aclass;
+  int ret;
+  long len;
+  const unsigned char *p, *q;
+  if (!val) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  uint32_t flags = tt->flags;
+  aclass = flags & ASN1_TFLG_TAG_CLASS;
 
-    p = *in;
+  p = *in;
 
-    /* Check if EXPLICIT tag expected */
-    if (flags & ASN1_TFLG_EXPTAG) {
-        char cst;
-        /*
-         * Need to work out amount of data available to the inner content and
-         * where it starts: so read in EXPLICIT header to get the info.
-         */
-        ret = asn1_check_tlen(&len, NULL, NULL, &cst,
-                              &p, inlen, tt->tag, aclass, opt, ctx);
-        q = p;
-        if (!ret) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
-            return 0;
-        } else if (ret == -1)
-            return -1;
-        if (!cst) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_EXPLICIT_TAG_NOT_CONSTRUCTED);
-            return 0;
-        }
-        /* We've found the field so it can't be OPTIONAL now */
-        ret = asn1_template_noexp_d2i(val, &p, len, tt, 0, ctx, depth);
-        if (!ret) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
-            return 0;
-        }
-        /* We read the field in OK so update length */
-        len -= p - q;
-        /* Check for trailing data. */
-        if (len) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_EXPLICIT_LENGTH_MISMATCH);
-            goto err;
-        }
-    } else
-        return asn1_template_noexp_d2i(val, in, inlen, tt, opt, ctx, depth);
+  // Check if EXPLICIT tag expected
+  if (flags & ASN1_TFLG_EXPTAG) {
+    char cst;
+    // Need to work out amount of data available to the inner content and
+    // where it starts: so read in EXPLICIT header to get the info.
+    ret = asn1_check_tlen(&len, NULL, NULL, &cst, &p, inlen, tt->tag, aclass,
+                          opt);
+    q = p;
+    if (!ret) {
+      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
+      return 0;
+    } else if (ret == -1) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+    if (!cst) {
+      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_EXPLICIT_TAG_NOT_CONSTRUCTED);
+      return 0;
+    }
+    // We've found the field so it can't be OPTIONAL now
+    ret = asn1_template_noexp_d2i(val, &p, len, tt, /*opt=*/0, buf, depth);
+    if (!ret) {
+      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
+      return 0;
+    }
+    // We read the field in OK so update length
+    len -= p - q;
+    // Check for trailing data.
+    if (len) {
+      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_EXPLICIT_LENGTH_MISMATCH);
+      goto err;
+    }
+  } else {
+    return asn1_template_noexp_d2i(val, in, inlen, tt, opt, buf, depth);
+  }
 
-    *in = p;
-    return 1;
+  *in = p;
+  return 1;
 
- err:
-    ASN1_template_free(val, tt);
-    return 0;
+err:
+  ASN1_template_free(val, tt);
+  return 0;
 }
 
-static int asn1_template_noexp_d2i(ASN1_VALUE **val,
-                                   const unsigned char **in, long len,
-                                   const ASN1_TEMPLATE *tt, char opt,
-                                   ASN1_TLC *ctx, int depth)
-{
-    int flags, aclass;
-    int ret;
-    const unsigned char *p;
-    if (!val)
-        return 0;
-    flags = tt->flags;
-    aclass = flags & ASN1_TFLG_TAG_CLASS;
-
-    p = *in;
-
-    if (flags & ASN1_TFLG_SK_MASK) {
-        /* SET OF, SEQUENCE OF */
-        int sktag, skaclass;
-        /* First work out expected inner tag value */
-        if (flags & ASN1_TFLG_IMPTAG) {
-            sktag = tt->tag;
-            skaclass = aclass;
-        } else {
-            skaclass = V_ASN1_UNIVERSAL;
-            if (flags & ASN1_TFLG_SET_OF)
-                sktag = V_ASN1_SET;
-            else
-                sktag = V_ASN1_SEQUENCE;
-        }
-        /* Get the tag */
-        ret = asn1_check_tlen(&len, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                              &p, len, sktag, skaclass, opt, ctx);
-        if (!ret) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
-            return 0;
-        } else if (ret == -1)
-            return -1;
-        if (!*val)
-            *val = (ASN1_VALUE *)sk_ASN1_VALUE_new_null();
-        else {
-            /*
-             * We've got a valid STACK: free up any items present
-             */
-            STACK_OF(ASN1_VALUE) *sktmp = (STACK_OF(ASN1_VALUE) *)*val;
-            ASN1_VALUE *vtmp;
-            while (sk_ASN1_VALUE_num(sktmp) > 0) {
-                vtmp = sk_ASN1_VALUE_pop(sktmp);
-                ASN1_item_ex_free(&vtmp, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item));
-            }
-        }
+static int asn1_template_noexp_d2i(ASN1_VALUE **val, const unsigned char **in,
+                                   long len, const ASN1_TEMPLATE *tt, char opt,
+                                   CRYPTO_BUFFER *buf, int depth) {
+  int aclass;
+  int ret;
+  const unsigned char *p;
+  if (!val) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  uint32_t flags = tt->flags;
+  aclass = flags & ASN1_TFLG_TAG_CLASS;
+
+  p = *in;
+
+  if (flags & ASN1_TFLG_SK_MASK) {
+    // SET OF, SEQUENCE OF
+    int sktag, skaclass;
+    // First work out expected inner tag value
+    if (flags & ASN1_TFLG_IMPTAG) {
+      sktag = tt->tag;
+      skaclass = aclass;
+    } else {
+      skaclass = V_ASN1_UNIVERSAL;
+      if (flags & ASN1_TFLG_SET_OF) {
+        sktag = V_ASN1_SET;
+      } else {
+        sktag = V_ASN1_SEQUENCE;
+      }
+    }
+    // Get the tag
+    ret =
+        asn1_check_tlen(&len, NULL, NULL, NULL, &p, len, sktag, skaclass, opt);
+    if (!ret) {
+      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
+      return 0;
+    } else if (ret == -1) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+    if (!*val) {
+      *val = (ASN1_VALUE *)sk_ASN1_VALUE_new_null();
+    } else {
+      // We've got a valid STACK: free up any items present
+      STACK_OF(ASN1_VALUE) *sktmp = (STACK_OF(ASN1_VALUE) *)*val;
+      ASN1_VALUE *vtmp;
+      while (sk_ASN1_VALUE_num(sktmp) > 0) {
+        vtmp = sk_ASN1_VALUE_pop(sktmp);
+        ASN1_item_ex_free(&vtmp, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item));
+      }
+    }
 
-        if (!*val) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
-            goto err;
-        }
+    if (!*val) {
+      goto err;
+    }
 
-        /* Read as many items as we can */
-        while (len > 0) {
-            ASN1_VALUE *skfield;
-            const unsigned char *q = p;
-            /* TODO(https://crbug.com/boringssl/455): Although we've removed
-             * indefinite-length support, this check is not quite a no-op.
-             * Reject [UNIVERSAL 0] in the tag parsers themselves. */
-            if (asn1_check_eoc(&p, len)) {
-                OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_UNEXPECTED_EOC);
-                goto err;
-            }
-            skfield = NULL;
-             if (!asn1_item_ex_d2i(&skfield, &p, len, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item),
-                                   -1, 0, 0, ctx, depth)) {
-                OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
-                goto err;
-            }
-            len -= p - q;
-            if (!sk_ASN1_VALUE_push((STACK_OF(ASN1_VALUE) *)*val, skfield)) {
-                ASN1_item_ex_free(&skfield, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item));
-                OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
-                goto err;
-            }
-        }
-    } else if (flags & ASN1_TFLG_IMPTAG) {
-        /* IMPLICIT tagging */
-        ret = asn1_item_ex_d2i(val, &p, len, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item), tt->tag,
-                               aclass, opt, ctx, depth);
-        if (!ret) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
-            goto err;
-        } else if (ret == -1)
-            return -1;
-    } else {
-        /* Nothing special */
-        ret = asn1_item_ex_d2i(val, &p, len, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item),
-                               -1, tt->flags & ASN1_TFLG_COMBINE, opt, ctx,
-                               depth);
-        if (!ret) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
-            goto err;
-        } else if (ret == -1)
-            return -1;
+    // Read as many items as we can
+    while (len > 0) {
+      ASN1_VALUE *skfield;
+      const unsigned char *q = p;
+      skfield = NULL;
+      if (!asn1_item_ex_d2i(&skfield, &p, len, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item),
+                            /*tag=*/-1, /*aclass=*/0, /*opt=*/0, buf, depth)) {
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
+        goto err;
+      }
+      len -= p - q;
+      if (!sk_ASN1_VALUE_push((STACK_OF(ASN1_VALUE) *)*val, skfield)) {
+        ASN1_item_ex_free(&skfield, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item));
+        goto err;
+      }
+    }
+  } else if (flags & ASN1_TFLG_IMPTAG) {
+    // IMPLICIT tagging
+    ret = asn1_item_ex_d2i(val, &p, len, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item), tt->tag,
+                           aclass, opt, buf, depth);
+    if (!ret) {
+      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
+      goto err;
+    } else if (ret == -1) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+  } else {
+    // Nothing special
+    ret = asn1_item_ex_d2i(val, &p, len, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item), /*tag=*/-1,
+                           /*aclass=*/0, opt, buf, depth);
+    if (!ret) {
+      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
+      goto err;
+    } else if (ret == -1) {
+      return -1;
     }
+  }
 
-    *in = p;
-    return 1;
+  *in = p;
+  return 1;
 
- err:
-    ASN1_template_free(val, tt);
-    return 0;
+err:
+  ASN1_template_free(val, tt);
+  return 0;
 }
 
-static int asn1_d2i_ex_primitive(ASN1_VALUE **pval,
-                                 const unsigned char **in, long inlen,
-                                 const ASN1_ITEM *it,
-                                 int tag, int aclass, char opt, ASN1_TLC *ctx)
-{
-    int ret = 0, utype;
-    long plen;
-    char cst;
-    const unsigned char *p;
-    const unsigned char *cont = NULL;
-    long len;
-    if (!pval) {
-        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_ILLEGAL_NULL);
-        return 0;               /* Should never happen */
-    }
-
-    if (it->itype == ASN1_ITYPE_MSTRING) {
-        utype = tag;
-        tag = -1;
-    } else
-        utype = it->utype;
-
-    if (utype == V_ASN1_ANY) {
-        /* If type is ANY need to figure out type from tag */
-        unsigned char oclass;
-        if (tag >= 0) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_ILLEGAL_TAGGED_ANY);
-            return 0;
-        }
-        if (opt) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_ILLEGAL_OPTIONAL_ANY);
-            return 0;
-        }
-        p = *in;
-        ret = asn1_check_tlen(NULL, &utype, &oclass, NULL,
-                              &p, inlen, -1, 0, 0, ctx);
-        if (!ret) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
-            return 0;
-        }
-        if (oclass != V_ASN1_UNIVERSAL)
-            utype = V_ASN1_OTHER;
+static int asn1_d2i_ex_primitive(ASN1_VALUE **pval, const unsigned char **in,
+                                 long inlen, const ASN1_ITEM *it, int tag,
+                                 int aclass, char opt) {
+  int ret = 0, utype;
+  long plen;
+  char cst;
+  const unsigned char *p;
+  const unsigned char *cont = NULL;
+  long len;
+  if (!pval) {
+    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_ILLEGAL_NULL);
+    return 0;  // Should never happen
+  }
+
+  if (it->itype == ASN1_ITYPE_MSTRING) {
+    utype = tag;
+    tag = -1;
+  } else {
+    utype = it->utype;
+  }
+
+  if (utype == V_ASN1_ANY) {
+    // If type is ANY need to figure out type from tag
+    unsigned char oclass;
+    if (tag >= 0) {
+      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_ILLEGAL_TAGGED_ANY);
+      return 0;
     }
-    if (tag == -1) {
-        tag = utype;
-        aclass = V_ASN1_UNIVERSAL;
+    if (opt) {
+      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_ILLEGAL_OPTIONAL_ANY);
+      return 0;
     }
     p = *in;
-    /* Check header */
-    ret = asn1_check_tlen(&plen, NULL, NULL, &cst,
-                          &p, inlen, tag, aclass, opt, ctx);
+    ret = asn1_check_tlen(NULL, &utype, &oclass, NULL, &p, inlen, -1, 0, 0);
     if (!ret) {
-        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
-        return 0;
-    } else if (ret == -1)
-        return -1;
-    ret = 0;
-    /* SEQUENCE, SET and "OTHER" are left in encoded form */
-    if ((utype == V_ASN1_SEQUENCE)
-        || (utype == V_ASN1_SET) || (utype == V_ASN1_OTHER)) {
-        /*
-         * Clear context cache for type OTHER because the auto clear when we
-         * have a exact match wont work
-         */
-        if (utype == V_ASN1_OTHER) {
-            asn1_tlc_clear(ctx);
-        }
-        /* SEQUENCE and SET must be constructed */
-        else if (!cst) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_TYPE_NOT_CONSTRUCTED);
-            return 0;
-        }
-
-        cont = *in;
-        len = p - cont + plen;
-        p += plen;
-    } else if (cst) {
-        /* This parser historically supported BER constructed strings. We no
-         * longer do and will gradually tighten this parser into a DER
-         * parser. BER types should use |CBS_asn1_ber_to_der|. */
-        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_TYPE_NOT_PRIMITIVE);
-        return 0;
-    } else {
-        cont = p;
-        len = plen;
-        p += plen;
+      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
+      return 0;
+    }
+    if (!is_supported_universal_type(utype, oclass)) {
+      utype = V_ASN1_OTHER;
+    }
+  }
+  if (tag == -1) {
+    tag = utype;
+    aclass = V_ASN1_UNIVERSAL;
+  }
+  p = *in;
+  // Check header
+  ret = asn1_check_tlen(&plen, NULL, NULL, &cst, &p, inlen, tag, aclass, opt);
+  if (!ret) {
+    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR);
+    return 0;
+  } else if (ret == -1) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+  ret = 0;
+  // SEQUENCE, SET and "OTHER" are left in encoded form
+  if ((utype == V_ASN1_SEQUENCE) || (utype == V_ASN1_SET) ||
+      (utype == V_ASN1_OTHER)) {
+    // SEQUENCE and SET must be constructed
+    if (utype != V_ASN1_OTHER && !cst) {
+      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_TYPE_NOT_CONSTRUCTED);
+      return 0;
     }
 
-    /* We now have content length and type: translate into a structure */
-    if (!asn1_ex_c2i(pval, cont, len, utype, it))
-        goto err;
-
-    *in = p;
-    ret = 1;
- err:
-    return ret;
+    cont = *in;
+    len = p - cont + plen;
+    p += plen;
+  } else if (cst) {
+    // This parser historically supported BER constructed strings. We no
+    // longer do and will gradually tighten this parser into a DER
+    // parser. BER types should use |CBS_asn1_ber_to_der|.
+    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_TYPE_NOT_PRIMITIVE);
+    return 0;
+  } else {
+    cont = p;
+    len = plen;
+    p += plen;
+  }
+
+  // We now have content length and type: translate into a structure
+  if (!asn1_ex_c2i(pval, cont, len, utype, it)) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+
+  *in = p;
+  ret = 1;
+err:
+  return ret;
 }
 
-/* Translate ASN1 content octets into a structure */
-
-static int asn1_ex_c2i(ASN1_VALUE **pval, const unsigned char *cont, int len,
-                       int utype, const ASN1_ITEM *it)
-{
-    ASN1_VALUE **opval = NULL;
-    ASN1_STRING *stmp;
-    ASN1_TYPE *typ = NULL;
-    int ret = 0;
-    ASN1_INTEGER **tint;
-
-    /* Historically, |it->funcs| for primitive types contained an
-     * |ASN1_PRIMITIVE_FUNCS| table of callbacks. */
-    assert(it->funcs == NULL);
-
-    /* If ANY type clear type and set pointer to internal value */
-    if (it->utype == V_ASN1_ANY) {
-        if (!*pval) {
-            typ = ASN1_TYPE_new();
-            if (typ == NULL)
-                goto err;
-            *pval = (ASN1_VALUE *)typ;
-        } else
-            typ = (ASN1_TYPE *)*pval;
-
-        if (utype != typ->type)
-            ASN1_TYPE_set(typ, utype, NULL);
-        opval = pval;
-        pval = &typ->value.asn1_value;
+// Translate ASN1 content octets into a structure
+
+static int asn1_ex_c2i(ASN1_VALUE **pval, const unsigned char *cont, long len,
+                       int utype, const ASN1_ITEM *it) {
+  ASN1_VALUE **opval = NULL;
+  ASN1_STRING *stmp;
+  ASN1_TYPE *typ = NULL;
+  int ret = 0;
+  ASN1_INTEGER **tint;
+
+  // Historically, |it->funcs| for primitive types contained an
+  // |ASN1_PRIMITIVE_FUNCS| table of callbacks.
+  assert(it->funcs == NULL);
+
+  // If ANY type clear type and set pointer to internal value
+  if (it->utype == V_ASN1_ANY) {
+    if (!*pval) {
+      typ = ASN1_TYPE_new();
+      if (typ == NULL) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+      *pval = (ASN1_VALUE *)typ;
+    } else {
+      typ = (ASN1_TYPE *)*pval;
+    }
+
+    if (utype != typ->type) {
+      ASN1_TYPE_set(typ, utype, NULL);
     }
-    switch (utype) {
+    opval = pval;
+    pval = &typ->value.asn1_value;
+  }
+  switch (utype) {
     case V_ASN1_OBJECT:
-        if (!c2i_ASN1_OBJECT((ASN1_OBJECT **)pval, &cont, len))
-            goto err;
-        break;
+      if (!c2i_ASN1_OBJECT((ASN1_OBJECT **)pval, &cont, len)) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+      break;
 
     case V_ASN1_NULL:
-        if (len) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NULL_IS_WRONG_LENGTH);
-            goto err;
-        }
-        *pval = (ASN1_VALUE *)1;
-        break;
+      if (len) {
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_NULL_IS_WRONG_LENGTH);
+        goto err;
+      }
+      *pval = (ASN1_VALUE *)1;
+      break;
 
     case V_ASN1_BOOLEAN:
-        if (len != 1) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_BOOLEAN_IS_WRONG_LENGTH);
-            goto err;
-        } else {
-            ASN1_BOOLEAN *tbool;
-            tbool = (ASN1_BOOLEAN *)pval;
-            *tbool = *cont;
-        }
-        break;
+      if (len != 1) {
+        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_BOOLEAN_IS_WRONG_LENGTH);
+        goto err;
+      } else {
+        ASN1_BOOLEAN *tbool;
+        tbool = (ASN1_BOOLEAN *)pval;
+        *tbool = *cont;
+      }
+      break;
 
     case V_ASN1_BIT_STRING:
-        if (!c2i_ASN1_BIT_STRING((ASN1_BIT_STRING **)pval, &cont, len))
-            goto err;
-        break;
+      if (!c2i_ASN1_BIT_STRING((ASN1_BIT_STRING **)pval, &cont, len)) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+      break;
 
     case V_ASN1_INTEGER:
     case V_ASN1_ENUMERATED:
-        tint = (ASN1_INTEGER **)pval;
-        if (!c2i_ASN1_INTEGER(tint, &cont, len))
-            goto err;
-        /* Fixup type to match the expected form */
-        (*tint)->type = utype | ((*tint)->type & V_ASN1_NEG);
-        break;
+      tint = (ASN1_INTEGER **)pval;
+      if (!c2i_ASN1_INTEGER(tint, &cont, len)) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+      // Fixup type to match the expected form
+      (*tint)->type = utype | ((*tint)->type & V_ASN1_NEG);
+      break;
 
     case V_ASN1_OCTET_STRING:
     case V_ASN1_NUMERICSTRING:
@@ -825,145 +838,136 @@ static int asn1_ex_c2i(ASN1_VALUE **pval, const unsigned char *cont, int len,
     case V_ASN1_OTHER:
     case V_ASN1_SET:
     case V_ASN1_SEQUENCE:
-    default:
-        if (utype == V_ASN1_BMPSTRING && (len & 1)) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_BMPSTRING_IS_WRONG_LENGTH);
+    // TODO(crbug.com/boringssl/412): This default case should be removed, now
+    // that we've resolved https://crbug.com/boringssl/561. However, it is still
+    // needed to support some edge cases in |ASN1_PRINTABLE|. |ASN1_PRINTABLE|
+    // broadly doesn't tolerate unrecognized universal tags, but except for
+    // eight values that map to |B_ASN1_UNKNOWN| instead of zero. See the
+    // X509Test.NameAttributeValues test.
+    default: {
+      CBS cbs;
+      CBS_init(&cbs, cont, (size_t)len);
+      if (utype == V_ASN1_BMPSTRING) {
+        while (CBS_len(&cbs) != 0) {
+          uint32_t c;
+          if (!cbs_get_ucs2_be(&cbs, &c)) {
+            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_INVALID_BMPSTRING);
             goto err;
-        }
-        if (utype == V_ASN1_UNIVERSALSTRING && (len & 3)) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_UNIVERSALSTRING_IS_WRONG_LENGTH);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if (utype == V_ASN1_UNIVERSALSTRING) {
+        while (CBS_len(&cbs) != 0) {
+          uint32_t c;
+          if (!cbs_get_utf32_be(&cbs, &c)) {
+            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_INVALID_UNIVERSALSTRING);
             goto err;
-        }
-        /* All based on ASN1_STRING and handled the same */
-        if (!*pval) {
-            stmp = ASN1_STRING_type_new(utype);
-            if (!stmp) {
-                OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
-                goto err;
-            }
-            *pval = (ASN1_VALUE *)stmp;
-        } else {
-            stmp = (ASN1_STRING *)*pval;
-            stmp->type = utype;
-        }
-        if (!ASN1_STRING_set(stmp, cont, len)) {
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
-            ASN1_STRING_free(stmp);
-            *pval = NULL;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if (utype == V_ASN1_UTF8STRING) {
+        while (CBS_len(&cbs) != 0) {
+          uint32_t c;
+          if (!cbs_get_utf8(&cbs, &c)) {
+            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_INVALID_UTF8STRING);
             goto err;
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-    /* If ASN1_ANY and NULL type fix up value */
-    if (typ && (utype == V_ASN1_NULL))
-        typ->value.ptr = NULL;
-
-    ret = 1;
- err:
-    if (!ret) {
-        ASN1_TYPE_free(typ);
-        if (opval)
-            *opval = NULL;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if (utype == V_ASN1_UTCTIME) {
+        if (!CBS_parse_utc_time(&cbs, NULL, /*allow_timezone_offset=*/1)) {
+          OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_INVALID_TIME_FORMAT);
+          goto err;
+        }
+      }
+      if (utype == V_ASN1_GENERALIZEDTIME) {
+        if (!CBS_parse_generalized_time(&cbs, NULL,
+                                        /*allow_timezone_offset=*/0)) {
+          OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_INVALID_TIME_FORMAT);
+          goto err;
+        }
+      }
+      // TODO(https://crbug.com/boringssl/427): Check other string types.
+
+      // All based on ASN1_STRING and handled the same
+      if (!*pval) {
+        stmp = ASN1_STRING_type_new(utype);
+        if (!stmp) {
+          goto err;
+        }
+        *pval = (ASN1_VALUE *)stmp;
+      } else {
+        stmp = (ASN1_STRING *)*pval;
+        stmp->type = utype;
+      }
+      if (!ASN1_STRING_set(stmp, cont, len)) {
+        ASN1_STRING_free(stmp);
+        *pval = NULL;
+        goto err;
+      }
+      break;
     }
-    return ret;
-}
-
-/* Check for ASN1 EOC and swallow it if found */
-
-static int asn1_check_eoc(const unsigned char **in, long len)
-{
-    const unsigned char *p;
-    if (len < 2)
-        return 0;
-    p = *in;
-    if (!p[0] && !p[1]) {
-        *in += 2;
-        return 1;
+  }
+  // If ASN1_ANY and NULL type fix up value
+  if (typ && (utype == V_ASN1_NULL)) {
+    typ->value.ptr = NULL;
+  }
+
+  ret = 1;
+err:
+  if (!ret) {
+    ASN1_TYPE_free(typ);
+    if (opval) {
+      *opval = NULL;
     }
-    return 0;
+  }
+  return ret;
 }
 
-/*
- * Check an ASN1 tag and length: a bit like ASN1_get_object but it handles
- * the ASN1_TLC cache and checks the expected tag.
- */
+// Check an ASN1 tag and length: a bit like ASN1_get_object but it
+// checks the expected tag.
 
 static int asn1_check_tlen(long *olen, int *otag, unsigned char *oclass,
                            char *cst, const unsigned char **in, long len,
-                           int exptag, int expclass, char opt, ASN1_TLC *ctx)
-{
-    int i;
-    int ptag, pclass;
-    long plen;
-    const unsigned char *p, *q;
-    p = *in;
-    q = p;
-
-    if (ctx && ctx->valid) {
-        i = ctx->ret;
-        plen = ctx->plen;
-        pclass = ctx->pclass;
-        ptag = ctx->ptag;
-        p += ctx->hdrlen;
-    } else {
-        i = ASN1_get_object(&p, &plen, &ptag, &pclass, len);
-        if (ctx) {
-            ctx->ret = i;
-            ctx->plen = plen;
-            ctx->pclass = pclass;
-            ctx->ptag = ptag;
-            ctx->hdrlen = p - q;
-            ctx->valid = 1;
-            /*
-             * If no error, length + header can't exceed total amount of data
-             * available.
-             *
-             * TODO(davidben): Is this check necessary? |ASN1_get_object|
-             * should already guarantee this.
-             */
-            if (!(i & 0x80) && ((plen + ctx->hdrlen) > len)) {
-                OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_TOO_LONG);
-                asn1_tlc_clear(ctx);
-                return 0;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (i & 0x80) {
-        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_BAD_OBJECT_HEADER);
-        asn1_tlc_clear(ctx);
-        return 0;
-    }
-    if (exptag >= 0) {
-        if ((exptag != ptag) || (expclass != pclass)) {
-            /*
-             * If type is OPTIONAL, not an error: indicate missing type.
-             */
-            if (opt)
-                return -1;
-            asn1_tlc_clear(ctx);
-            OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_WRONG_TAG);
-            return 0;
-        }
-        /*
-         * We have a tag and class match: assume we are going to do something
-         * with it
-         */
-        asn1_tlc_clear(ctx);
+                           int exptag, int expclass, char opt) {
+  int i;
+  int ptag, pclass;
+  long plen;
+  const unsigned char *p;
+  p = *in;
+
+  i = ASN1_get_object(&p, &plen, &ptag, &pclass, len);
+  if (i & 0x80) {
+    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_BAD_OBJECT_HEADER);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (exptag >= 0) {
+    if ((exptag != ptag) || (expclass != pclass)) {
+      // If type is OPTIONAL, not an error: indicate missing type.
+      if (opt) {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(ASN1, ASN1_R_WRONG_TAG);
+      return 0;
     }
+  }
 
-    if (cst)
-        *cst = i & V_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED;
+  if (cst) {
+    *cst = i & V_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED;
+  }
 
-    if (olen)
-        *olen = plen;
+  if (olen) {
+    *olen = plen;
+  }
 
-    if (oclass)
-        *oclass = pclass;
+  if (oclass) {
+    *oclass = pclass;
+  }
 
-    if (otag)
-        *otag = ptag;
+  if (otag) {
+    *otag = ptag;
+  }
 
-    *in = p;
-    return 1;
+  *in = p;
+  return 1;
 }