grpc 1.47.0 → 1.53.0

data/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/dns/c_ares/dns_resolver_ares.cc

@@ -24,19 +24,17 @@
 #include <map>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
-#include <type_traits>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "absl/base/thread_annotations.h"
-#include "absl/memory/memory.h"
 #include "absl/status/status.h"
 #include "absl/status/statusor.h"
 #include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
 #include "absl/strings/strip.h"
+#include "absl/types/optional.h"
 
-#include <grpc/event_engine/event_engine.h>
-#include <grpc/impl/codegen/grpc_types.h>
+#include <grpc/grpc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 
@@ -47,6 +45,7 @@
 #include "src/core/lib/gprpp/memory.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/gprpp/orphanable.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/gprpp/ref_counted_ptr.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/gprpp/status_helper.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/gprpp/sync.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/gprpp/time.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/closure.h"
@@ -61,14 +60,12 @@
 
 #if GRPC_ARES == 1
 
-#include <limits.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
 #include <address_sorting/address_sorting.h>
 
 #include "absl/container/flat_hash_set.h"
-#include "absl/container/inlined_vector.h"
 #include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
 
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/grpclb_balancer_addresses.h"
@@ -82,7 +79,6 @@
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/gethostname.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/resolve_address.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/json/json.h"
-#include "src/core/lib/resolver/resolver_registry.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/resolver/server_address.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/service_config/service_config_impl.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/transport/error_utils.h"
@@ -99,7 +95,7 @@ namespace {
 class AresClientChannelDNSResolver : public PollingResolver {
  public:
   AresClientChannelDNSResolver(ResolverArgs args,
-                               const grpc_channel_args* channel_args);
+                               const ChannelArgs& channel_args);
 
   OrphanablePtr<Orphanable> StartRequest() override;
 
@@ -109,17 +105,43 @@ class AresClientChannelDNSResolver : public PollingResolver {
     explicit AresRequestWrapper(
         RefCountedPtr<AresClientChannelDNSResolver> resolver)
         : resolver_(std::move(resolver)) {
-      Ref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "OnResolved").release();
-      GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&on_resolved_, OnResolved, this, nullptr);
-      request_.reset(grpc_dns_lookup_ares(
+      // TODO(hork): replace this callback bookkeeping with promises.
+      // Locking to prevent completion before all records are queried
+      MutexLock lock(&on_resolved_mu_);
+      Ref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "OnHostnameResolved").release();
+      GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&on_hostname_resolved_, OnHostnameResolved, this,
+                        nullptr);
+      hostname_request_.reset(grpc_dns_lookup_hostname_ares(
           resolver_->authority().c_str(), resolver_->name_to_resolve().c_str(),
-          kDefaultSecurePort, resolver_->interested_parties(), &on_resolved_,
-          &addresses_,
-          resolver_->enable_srv_queries_ ? &balancer_addresses_ : nullptr,
-          resolver_->request_service_config_ ? &service_config_json_ : nullptr,
-          resolver_->query_timeout_ms_));
-      GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("resolver:%p Started resolving. request_:%p",
-                           resolver_.get(), request_.get());
+          kDefaultSecurePort, resolver_->interested_parties(),
+          &on_hostname_resolved_, &addresses_, resolver_->query_timeout_ms_));
+      GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG(
+          "resolver:%p Started resolving hostnames. hostname_request_:%p",
+          resolver_.get(), hostname_request_.get());
+      if (resolver_->enable_srv_queries_) {
+        Ref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "OnSRVResolved").release();
+        GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&on_srv_resolved_, OnSRVResolved, this, nullptr);
+        srv_request_.reset(grpc_dns_lookup_srv_ares(
+            resolver_->authority().c_str(),
+            resolver_->name_to_resolve().c_str(),
+            resolver_->interested_parties(), &on_srv_resolved_,
+            &balancer_addresses_, resolver_->query_timeout_ms_));
+        GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG(
+            "resolver:%p Started resolving SRV records. srv_request_:%p",
+            resolver_.get(), srv_request_.get());
+      }
+      if (resolver_->request_service_config_) {
+        Ref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "OnTXTResolved").release();
+        GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&on_txt_resolved_, OnTXTResolved, this, nullptr);
+        txt_request_.reset(grpc_dns_lookup_txt_ares(
+            resolver_->authority().c_str(),
+            resolver_->name_to_resolve().c_str(),
+            resolver_->interested_parties(), &on_txt_resolved_,
+            &service_config_json_, resolver_->query_timeout_ms_));
+        GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG(
+            "resolver:%p Started resolving TXT records. txt_request_:%p",
+            resolver_.get(), txt_request_.get());
+      }
     }
 
     ~AresRequestWrapper() override {
@@ -127,22 +149,49 @@ class AresClientChannelDNSResolver : public PollingResolver {
       resolver_.reset(DEBUG_LOCATION, "dns-resolving");
     }
 
-    void Orphan() override {
-      grpc_cancel_ares_request(request_.get());
+    // Note that thread safety cannot be analyzed due to this being invoked from
+    // OrphanablePtr<>, and there's no way to pass the lock annotation through
+    // there.
+    void Orphan() override ABSL_NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
+      {
+        MutexLock lock(&on_resolved_mu_);
+        if (hostname_request_ != nullptr) {
+          grpc_cancel_ares_request(hostname_request_.get());
+        }
+        if (srv_request_ != nullptr) {
+          grpc_cancel_ares_request(srv_request_.get());
+        }
+        if (txt_request_ != nullptr) {
+          grpc_cancel_ares_request(txt_request_.get());
+        }
+      }
       Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "Orphan");
     }
 
    private:
-    static void OnResolved(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
-    void OnResolved(grpc_error_handle error);
+    static void OnHostnameResolved(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
+    static void OnSRVResolved(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
+    static void OnTXTResolved(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
+    absl::optional<Result> OnResolvedLocked(grpc_error_handle error)
+        ABSL_EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(on_resolved_mu_);
 
+    Mutex on_resolved_mu_;
     RefCountedPtr<AresClientChannelDNSResolver> resolver_;
-    std::unique_ptr<grpc_ares_request> request_;
-    grpc_closure on_resolved_;
+    grpc_closure on_hostname_resolved_;
+    std::unique_ptr<grpc_ares_request> hostname_request_
+        ABSL_GUARDED_BY(on_resolved_mu_);
+    grpc_closure on_srv_resolved_;
+    std::unique_ptr<grpc_ares_request> srv_request_
+        ABSL_GUARDED_BY(on_resolved_mu_);
+    grpc_closure on_txt_resolved_;
+    std::unique_ptr<grpc_ares_request> txt_request_
+        ABSL_GUARDED_BY(on_resolved_mu_);
     // Output fields from ares request.
-    std::unique_ptr<ServerAddressList> addresses_;
-    std::unique_ptr<ServerAddressList> balancer_addresses_;
-    char* service_config_json_ = nullptr;
+    std::unique_ptr<ServerAddressList> addresses_
+        ABSL_GUARDED_BY(on_resolved_mu_);
+    std::unique_ptr<ServerAddressList> balancer_addresses_
+        ABSL_GUARDED_BY(on_resolved_mu_);
+    char* service_config_json_ ABSL_GUARDED_BY(on_resolved_mu_) = nullptr;
   };
 
   ~AresClientChannelDNSResolver() override;
@@ -156,12 +205,14 @@ class AresClientChannelDNSResolver : public PollingResolver {
 };
 
 AresClientChannelDNSResolver::AresClientChannelDNSResolver(
-    ResolverArgs args, const grpc_channel_args* channel_args)
+    ResolverArgs args, const ChannelArgs& channel_args)
     : PollingResolver(
           std::move(args), channel_args,
-          Duration::Milliseconds(grpc_channel_args_find_integer(
-              channel_args, GRPC_ARG_DNS_MIN_TIME_BETWEEN_RESOLUTIONS_MS,
-              {1000 * 30, 0, INT_MAX})),
+          std::max(Duration::Zero(),
+                   channel_args
+                       .GetDurationFromIntMillis(
+                           GRPC_ARG_DNS_MIN_TIME_BETWEEN_RESOLUTIONS_MS)
+                       .value_or(Duration::Seconds(30))),
           BackOff::Options()
               .set_initial_backoff(Duration::Milliseconds(
                   GRPC_DNS_INITIAL_CONNECT_BACKOFF_SECONDS * 1000))
@@ -170,13 +221,14 @@ AresClientChannelDNSResolver::AresClientChannelDNSResolver(
               .set_max_backoff(Duration::Milliseconds(
                   GRPC_DNS_RECONNECT_MAX_BACKOFF_SECONDS * 1000)),
           &grpc_trace_cares_resolver),
-      request_service_config_(!grpc_channel_args_find_bool(
-          channel_args, GRPC_ARG_SERVICE_CONFIG_DISABLE_RESOLUTION, true)),
-      enable_srv_queries_(grpc_channel_args_find_bool(
-          channel_args, GRPC_ARG_DNS_ENABLE_SRV_QUERIES, false)),
-      query_timeout_ms_(grpc_channel_args_find_integer(
-          channel_args, GRPC_ARG_DNS_ARES_QUERY_TIMEOUT_MS,
-          {GRPC_DNS_ARES_DEFAULT_QUERY_TIMEOUT_MS, 0, INT_MAX})) {}
+      request_service_config_(
+          !channel_args.GetBool(GRPC_ARG_SERVICE_CONFIG_DISABLE_RESOLUTION)
+               .value_or(true)),
+      enable_srv_queries_(channel_args.GetBool(GRPC_ARG_DNS_ENABLE_SRV_QUERIES)
+                              .value_or(false)),
+      query_timeout_ms_(
+          std::max(0, channel_args.GetInt(GRPC_ARG_DNS_ARES_QUERY_TIMEOUT_MS)
+                          .value_or(GRPC_DNS_ARES_DEFAULT_QUERY_TIMEOUT_MS))) {}
 
 AresClientChannelDNSResolver::~AresClientChannelDNSResolver() {
   GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("resolver:%p destroying AresClientChannelDNSResolver",
@@ -199,18 +251,21 @@ bool ValueInJsonArray(const Json::Array& array, const char* value) {
 
 std::string ChooseServiceConfig(char* service_config_choice_json,
                                 grpc_error_handle* error) {
-  Json json = Json::Parse(service_config_choice_json, error);
-  if (*error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) return "";
-  if (json.type() != Json::Type::ARRAY) {
-    *error = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
+  auto json = Json::Parse(service_config_choice_json);
+  if (!json.ok()) {
+    *error = absl_status_to_grpc_error(json.status());
+    return "";
+  }
+  if (json->type() != Json::Type::ARRAY) {
+    *error = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE(
         "Service Config Choices, error: should be of type array");
     return "";
   }
   const Json* service_config = nullptr;
-  absl::InlinedVector<grpc_error_handle, 4> error_list;
-  for (const Json& choice : json.array_value()) {
+  std::vector<grpc_error_handle> error_list;
+  for (const Json& choice : json->array_value()) {
     if (choice.type() != Json::Type::OBJECT) {
-      error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
+      error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE(
           "Service Config Choice, error: should be of type object"));
       continue;
     }
@@ -218,7 +273,7 @@ std::string ChooseServiceConfig(char* service_config_choice_json,
     auto it = choice.object_value().find("clientLanguage");
     if (it != choice.object_value().end()) {
       if (it->second.type() != Json::Type::ARRAY) {
-        error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
+        error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE(
             "field:clientLanguage error:should be of type array"));
       } else if (!ValueInJsonArray(it->second.array_value(), "c++")) {
         continue;
@@ -228,7 +283,7 @@ std::string ChooseServiceConfig(char* service_config_choice_json,
     it = choice.object_value().find("clientHostname");
     if (it != choice.object_value().end()) {
       if (it->second.type() != Json::Type::ARRAY) {
-        error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
+        error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE(
             "field:clientHostname error:should be of type array"));
       } else {
         char* hostname = grpc_gethostname();
@@ -242,13 +297,13 @@ std::string ChooseServiceConfig(char* service_config_choice_json,
     it = choice.object_value().find("percentage");
     if (it != choice.object_value().end()) {
       if (it->second.type() != Json::Type::NUMBER) {
-        error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
+        error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE(
             "field:percentage error:should be of type number"));
       } else {
         int random_pct = rand() % 100;
         int percentage;
         if (sscanf(it->second.string_value().c_str(), "%d", &percentage) != 1) {
-          error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
+          error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE(
               "field:percentage error:should be of type integer"));
         } else if (random_pct > percentage || percentage == 0) {
           continue;
@@ -258,10 +313,10 @@ std::string ChooseServiceConfig(char* service_config_choice_json,
     // Found service config.
     it = choice.object_value().find("serviceConfig");
     if (it == choice.object_value().end()) {
-      error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
+      error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE(
           "field:serviceConfig error:required field missing"));
     } else if (it->second.type() != Json::Type::OBJECT) {
-      error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
+      error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE(
           "field:serviceConfig error:should be of type object"));
     } else if (service_config == nullptr) {
       service_config = &it->second;
@@ -276,17 +331,71 @@ std::string ChooseServiceConfig(char* service_config_choice_json,
   return service_config->Dump();
 }
 
-void AresClientChannelDNSResolver::AresRequestWrapper::OnResolved(
+void AresClientChannelDNSResolver::AresRequestWrapper::OnHostnameResolved(
+    void* arg, grpc_error_handle error) {
+  auto* self = static_cast<AresRequestWrapper*>(arg);
+  absl::optional<Result> result;
+  {
+    MutexLock lock(&self->on_resolved_mu_);
+    self->hostname_request_.reset();
+    result = self->OnResolvedLocked(error);
+  }
+  if (result.has_value()) {
+    self->resolver_->OnRequestComplete(std::move(*result));
+  }
+  self->Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "OnHostnameResolved");
+}
+
+void AresClientChannelDNSResolver::AresRequestWrapper::OnSRVResolved(
     void* arg, grpc_error_handle error) {
   auto* self = static_cast<AresRequestWrapper*>(arg);
-  self->OnResolved(error);
+  absl::optional<Result> result;
+  {
+    MutexLock lock(&self->on_resolved_mu_);
+    self->srv_request_.reset();
+    result = self->OnResolvedLocked(error);
+  }
+  if (result.has_value()) {
+    self->resolver_->OnRequestComplete(std::move(*result));
+  }
+  self->Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "OnSRVResolved");
 }
 
-void AresClientChannelDNSResolver::AresRequestWrapper::OnResolved(
-    grpc_error_handle error) {
-  GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("resolver:%p OnResolved()", this);
+void AresClientChannelDNSResolver::AresRequestWrapper::OnTXTResolved(
+    void* arg, grpc_error_handle error) {
+  auto* self = static_cast<AresRequestWrapper*>(arg);
+  absl::optional<Result> result;
+  {
+    MutexLock lock(&self->on_resolved_mu_);
+    self->txt_request_.reset();
+    result = self->OnResolvedLocked(error);
+  }
+  if (result.has_value()) {
+    self->resolver_->OnRequestComplete(std::move(*result));
+  }
+  self->Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "OnTXTResolved");
+}
+
+// Returns a Result if resolution is complete.
+// callers must release the lock and call OnRequestComplete if a Result is
+// returned. This is because OnRequestComplete may Orphan the resolver, which
+// requires taking the lock.
+absl::optional<AresClientChannelDNSResolver::Result>
+AresClientChannelDNSResolver::AresRequestWrapper::OnResolvedLocked(
+    grpc_error_handle error) ABSL_EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(on_resolved_mu_) {
+  if (hostname_request_ != nullptr || srv_request_ != nullptr ||
+      txt_request_ != nullptr) {
+    GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG(
+        "resolver:%p OnResolved() waiting for results (hostname: %s, srv: %s, "
+        "txt: %s)",
+        this, hostname_request_ != nullptr ? "waiting" : "done",
+        srv_request_ != nullptr ? "waiting" : "done",
+        txt_request_ != nullptr ? "waiting" : "done");
+    return absl::nullopt;
+  }
+  GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("resolver:%p OnResolved() proceeding", this);
   Result result;
-  absl::InlinedVector<grpc_arg, 1> new_args;
+  result.args = resolver_->channel_args();
   // TODO(roth): Change logic to be able to report failures for addresses
   // and service config independently of each other.
   if (addresses_ != nullptr || balancer_addresses_ != nullptr) {
@@ -296,46 +405,42 @@ void AresClientChannelDNSResolver::AresRequestWrapper::OnResolved(
       result.addresses = ServerAddressList();
     }
     if (service_config_json_ != nullptr) {
-      grpc_error_handle service_config_error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
+      grpc_error_handle service_config_error;
       std::string service_config_string =
           ChooseServiceConfig(service_config_json_, &service_config_error);
-      RefCountedPtr<ServiceConfig> service_config;
-      if (service_config_error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE &&
-          !service_config_string.empty()) {
-        GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("resolver:%p selected service config choice: %s",
-                             this, service_config_string.c_str());
-        service_config = ServiceConfigImpl::Create(resolver_->channel_args(),
-                                                   service_config_string,
-                                                   &service_config_error);
-      }
-      if (service_config_error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
+      if (!service_config_error.ok()) {
         result.service_config = absl::UnavailableError(
             absl::StrCat("failed to parse service config: ",
-                         grpc_error_std_string(service_config_error)));
-        GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(service_config_error);
-      } else {
-        result.service_config = std::move(service_config);
+                         StatusToString(service_config_error)));
+      } else if (!service_config_string.empty()) {
+        GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("resolver:%p selected service config choice: %s",
+                             this, service_config_string.c_str());
+        result.service_config = ServiceConfigImpl::Create(
+            resolver_->channel_args(), service_config_string);
+        if (!result.service_config.ok()) {
+          result.service_config = absl::UnavailableError(
+              absl::StrCat("failed to parse service config: ",
+                           result.service_config.status().message()));
+        }
       }
     }
     if (balancer_addresses_ != nullptr) {
-      new_args.push_back(
-          CreateGrpclbBalancerAddressesArg(balancer_addresses_.get()));
+      result.args = SetGrpcLbBalancerAddresses(
+          result.args, ServerAddressList(*balancer_addresses_));
     }
   } else {
     GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("resolver:%p dns resolution failed: %s", this,
-                         grpc_error_std_string(error).c_str());
+                         StatusToString(error).c_str());
     std::string error_message;
-    grpc_error_get_str(error, GRPC_ERROR_STR_DESCRIPTION, &error_message);
+    grpc_error_get_str(error, StatusStrProperty::kDescription, &error_message);
     absl::Status status = absl::UnavailableError(
         absl::StrCat("DNS resolution failed for ", resolver_->name_to_resolve(),
                      ": ", error_message));
     result.addresses = status;
     result.service_config = status;
   }
-  result.args = grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add(
-      resolver_->channel_args(), new_args.data(), new_args.size());
-  resolver_->OnRequestComplete(std::move(result));
-  Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "OnResolved");
+
+  return std::move(result);
 }
 
 //
@@ -355,7 +460,7 @@ class AresClientChannelDNSResolverFactory : public ResolverFactory {
   }
 
   OrphanablePtr<Resolver> CreateResolver(ResolverArgs args) const override {
-    const grpc_channel_args* channel_args = args.args;
+    ChannelArgs channel_args = args.args;
     return MakeOrphanable<AresClientChannelDNSResolver>(std::move(args),
                                                         channel_args);
   }
@@ -363,51 +468,45 @@ class AresClientChannelDNSResolverFactory : public ResolverFactory {
 
 class AresDNSResolver : public DNSResolver {
  public:
+  // Abstract class that centralizes common request handling logic via the
+  // template method pattern.
+  // This requires a two-phase initialization, where 1) a request is created via
+  // a subclass constructor, and 2) the request is initiated via Run()
   class AresRequest {
    public:
-    AresRequest(
-        absl::string_view name, absl::string_view default_port,
-        grpc_pollset_set* interested_parties,
-        std::function<void(absl::StatusOr<std::vector<grpc_resolved_address>>)>
-            on_resolve_address_done,
-        AresDNSResolver* resolver, intptr_t aba_token)
-        : name_(std::string(name)),
-          default_port_(std::string(default_port)),
-          interested_parties_(interested_parties),
-          pollset_set_(grpc_pollset_set_create()),
-          on_resolve_address_done_(std::move(on_resolve_address_done)),
-          completed_(false),
-          resolver_(resolver),
-          aba_token_(aba_token) {
-      GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("AresRequest:%p ctor", this);
-      GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&on_dns_lookup_done_, OnDnsLookupDone, this,
-                        grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
-      MutexLock lock(&mu_);
-      grpc_pollset_set_add_pollset_set(pollset_set_, interested_parties);
-      ares_request_ = std::unique_ptr<grpc_ares_request>(grpc_dns_lookup_ares(
-          /*dns_server=*/"", name_.c_str(), default_port_.c_str(), pollset_set_,
-          &on_dns_lookup_done_, &addresses_,
-          /*balancer_addresses=*/nullptr, /*service_config_json=*/nullptr,
-          GRPC_DNS_ARES_DEFAULT_QUERY_TIMEOUT_MS));
-      GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("AresRequest:%p Start ares_request_:%p", this,
-                           ares_request_.get());
-    }
-
-    ~AresRequest() {
+    virtual ~AresRequest() {
       GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("AresRequest:%p dtor ares_request_:%p", this,
-                           ares_request_.get());
+                           grpc_ares_request_.get());
       resolver_->UnregisterRequest(task_handle());
       grpc_pollset_set_destroy(pollset_set_);
     }
 
+    // Initiates the low-level c-ares request and returns its handle.
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<grpc_ares_request> MakeRequestLocked() = 0;
+    // Called on ares resolution, but not upon cancellation.
+    // After execution, the AresRequest will perform any final cleanup and
+    // delete itself.
+    virtual void OnComplete(grpc_error_handle error) = 0;
+
+    // Called to initiate the request.
+    void Run() {
+      MutexLock lock(&mu_);
+      grpc_ares_request_ = MakeRequestLocked();
+    }
+
     bool Cancel() {
       MutexLock lock(&mu_);
-      GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("AresRequest:%p Cancel ares_request_:%p", this,
-                           ares_request_.get());
-      if (completed_) return false;
-      // OnDnsLookupDone will still be run
-      grpc_cancel_ares_request(ares_request_.get());
-      completed_ = true;
+      if (grpc_ares_request_ != nullptr) {
+        GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("AresRequest:%p Cancel ares_request_:%p", this,
+                             grpc_ares_request_.get());
+        if (completed_) return false;
+        // OnDnsLookupDone will still be run
+        completed_ = true;
+        grpc_cancel_ares_request(grpc_ares_request_.get());
+      } else {
+        completed_ = true;
+        OnDnsLookupDone(this, absl::CancelledError());
+      }
       grpc_pollset_set_del_pollset_set(pollset_set_, interested_parties_);
       return true;
     }
@@ -416,93 +515,271 @@ class AresDNSResolver : public DNSResolver {
       return {reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(this), aba_token_};
     }
 
+   protected:
+    AresRequest(absl::string_view name, absl::string_view name_server,
+                Duration timeout, grpc_pollset_set* interested_parties,
+                AresDNSResolver* resolver, intptr_t aba_token)
+        : name_(name),
+          name_server_(name_server),
+          timeout_(timeout),
+          interested_parties_(interested_parties),
+          completed_(false),
+          resolver_(resolver),
+          aba_token_(aba_token),
+          pollset_set_(grpc_pollset_set_create()) {
+      GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&on_dns_lookup_done_, OnDnsLookupDone, this,
+                        grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+      grpc_pollset_set_add_pollset_set(pollset_set_, interested_parties_);
+    }
+
+    grpc_pollset_set* pollset_set() { return pollset_set_; };
+    grpc_closure* on_dns_lookup_done() { return &on_dns_lookup_done_; };
+    const std::string& name() { return name_; }
+    const std::string& name_server() { return name_server_; }
+    const Duration& timeout() { return timeout_; }
+
    private:
     // Called by ares when lookup has completed or when cancelled. It is always
-    // called exactly once.
+    // called exactly once, and it triggers self-deletion.
     static void OnDnsLookupDone(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error) {
-      AresRequest* request = static_cast<AresRequest*>(arg);
-      GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("AresRequest:%p OnDnsLookupDone", request);
-      // This request is deleted and unregistered upon any exit.
-      std::unique_ptr<AresRequest> deleter(request);
-      std::vector<grpc_resolved_address> resolved_addresses;
+      AresRequest* r = static_cast<AresRequest*>(arg);
+      auto deleter = std::unique_ptr<AresRequest>(r);
       {
-        MutexLock lock(&request->mu_);
-        if (request->completed_) return;
-        request->completed_ = true;
-        if (request->addresses_ != nullptr) {
-          resolved_addresses.reserve(request->addresses_->size());
-          for (const auto& server_address : *request->addresses_) {
-            resolved_addresses.push_back(server_address.address());
-          }
+        MutexLock lock(&r->mu_);
+        grpc_pollset_set_del_pollset_set(r->pollset_set_,
+                                         r->interested_parties_);
+        if (r->completed_) {
+          return;
         }
+        r->completed_ = true;
       }
-      grpc_pollset_set_del_pollset_set(request->pollset_set_,
-                                       request->interested_parties_);
-      if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
-        request->on_resolve_address_done_(grpc_error_to_absl_status(error));
-        return;
-      }
-      request->on_resolve_address_done_(std::move(resolved_addresses));
+      r->OnComplete(error);
     }
 
+    // the name to resolve
+    const std::string name_;
+    // the name server to query
+    const std::string name_server_;
+    // request-specific timeout
+    Duration timeout_;
     // mutex to synchronize access to this object (but not to the ares_request
     // object itself).
     Mutex mu_;
-    // the name to resolve
-    const std::string name_;
-    // the default port to use if name doesn't have one
-    const std::string default_port_;
     // parties interested in our I/O
     grpc_pollset_set* const interested_parties_;
+    // underlying cares_request that the query is performed on
+    std::unique_ptr<grpc_ares_request> grpc_ares_request_ ABSL_GUARDED_BY(mu_);
+    // Set when the callback is either cancelled or executed.
+    // It is not the subclasses' responsibility to set this flag.
+    bool completed_ ABSL_GUARDED_BY(mu_);
+    // Parent resolver that created this request
+    AresDNSResolver* resolver_;
+    // Unique token to help distinguish this request from others that may later
+    // be created in the same memory location.
+    intptr_t aba_token_;
+    // closure to call when the ares resolution request completes. Subclasses
+    // should use this as the ares callback in MakeRequestLocked()
+    grpc_closure on_dns_lookup_done_ ABSL_GUARDED_BY(mu_);
     // locally owned pollset_set, required to support cancellation of requests
-    // while ares still needs a valid pollset_set.
+    // while ares still needs a valid pollset_set. Subclasses should give this
+    // pollset to ares in MakeRequestLocked();
     grpc_pollset_set* pollset_set_;
+  };
+
+  class AresHostnameRequest : public AresRequest {
+   public:
+    AresHostnameRequest(
+        absl::string_view name, absl::string_view default_port,
+        absl::string_view name_server, Duration timeout,
+        grpc_pollset_set* interested_parties,
+        std::function<void(absl::StatusOr<std::vector<grpc_resolved_address>>)>
+            on_resolve_address_done,
+        AresDNSResolver* resolver, intptr_t aba_token)
+        : AresRequest(name, name_server, timeout, interested_parties, resolver,
+                      aba_token),
+          default_port_(default_port),
+          on_resolve_address_done_(std::move(on_resolve_address_done)) {
+      GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("AresHostnameRequest:%p ctor", this);
+    }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<grpc_ares_request> MakeRequestLocked() override {
+      auto ares_request =
+          std::unique_ptr<grpc_ares_request>(grpc_dns_lookup_hostname_ares(
+              name_server().c_str(), name().c_str(), default_port_.c_str(),
+              pollset_set(), on_dns_lookup_done(), &addresses_,
+              timeout().millis()));
+      GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("AresHostnameRequest:%p Start ares_request_:%p",
+                           this, ares_request.get());
+      return ares_request;
+    }
+
+    void OnComplete(grpc_error_handle error) override {
+      GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("AresHostnameRequest:%p OnComplete", this);
+      if (!error.ok()) {
+        on_resolve_address_done_(grpc_error_to_absl_status(error));
+        return;
+      }
+      std::vector<grpc_resolved_address> resolved_addresses;
+      if (addresses_ != nullptr) {
+        resolved_addresses.reserve(addresses_->size());
+        for (const auto& server_address : *addresses_) {
+          resolved_addresses.push_back(server_address.address());
+        }
+      }
+      on_resolve_address_done_(std::move(resolved_addresses));
+    }
+
+    // the default port to use if name doesn't have one
+    const std::string default_port_;
     // user-provided completion callback
     const std::function<void(
         absl::StatusOr<std::vector<grpc_resolved_address>>)>
         on_resolve_address_done_;
     // currently resolving addresses
-    std::unique_ptr<ServerAddressList> addresses_ ABSL_GUARDED_BY(mu_);
-    // closure to call when the resolve_address_ares request completes
-    // a closure wrapping on_resolve_address_done, which should be invoked
-    // when the grpc_dns_lookup_ares operation is done.
-    grpc_closure on_dns_lookup_done_ ABSL_GUARDED_BY(mu_);
-    // underlying ares_request that the query is performed on
-    std::unique_ptr<grpc_ares_request> ares_request_ ABSL_GUARDED_BY(mu_);
-    bool completed_ ABSL_GUARDED_BY(mu_);
-    // Parent resolver that created this request
-    AresDNSResolver* resolver_;
-    // Unique token to help distinguish this request from others that may later
-    // be created in the same memory location.
-    intptr_t aba_token_;
+    std::unique_ptr<ServerAddressList> addresses_;
   };
 
-  // gets the singleton instance, possibly creating it first
-  static AresDNSResolver* GetOrCreate() {
-    static AresDNSResolver* instance = new AresDNSResolver();
-    return instance;
-  }
+  class AresSRVRequest : public AresRequest {
+   public:
+    AresSRVRequest(
+        absl::string_view name, absl::string_view name_server, Duration timeout,
+        grpc_pollset_set* interested_parties,
+        std::function<void(absl::StatusOr<std::vector<grpc_resolved_address>>)>
+            on_resolve_address_done,
+        AresDNSResolver* resolver, intptr_t aba_token)
+        : AresRequest(name, name_server, timeout, interested_parties, resolver,
+                      aba_token),
+          on_resolve_address_done_(std::move(on_resolve_address_done)) {
+      GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("AresSRVRequest:%p ctor", this);
+    }
 
-  TaskHandle ResolveName(
-      absl::string_view name, absl::string_view default_port,
-      grpc_pollset_set* interested_parties,
+    std::unique_ptr<grpc_ares_request> MakeRequestLocked() override {
+      auto ares_request =
+          std::unique_ptr<grpc_ares_request>(grpc_dns_lookup_srv_ares(
+              name_server().c_str(), name().c_str(), pollset_set(),
+              on_dns_lookup_done(), &balancer_addresses_, timeout().millis()));
+      GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("AresSRVRequest:%p Start ares_request_:%p", this,
+                           ares_request.get());
+      return ares_request;
+    }
+
+    void OnComplete(grpc_error_handle error) override {
+      GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("AresSRVRequest:%p OnComplete", this);
+      if (!error.ok()) {
+        on_resolve_address_done_(grpc_error_to_absl_status(error));
+        return;
+      }
+      std::vector<grpc_resolved_address> resolved_addresses;
+      if (balancer_addresses_ != nullptr) {
+        resolved_addresses.reserve(balancer_addresses_->size());
+        for (const auto& server_address : *balancer_addresses_) {
+          resolved_addresses.push_back(server_address.address());
+        }
+      }
+      on_resolve_address_done_(std::move(resolved_addresses));
+    }
+
+    // user-provided completion callback
+    const std::function<void(
+        absl::StatusOr<std::vector<grpc_resolved_address>>)>
+        on_resolve_address_done_;
+    // currently resolving addresses
+    std::unique_ptr<ServerAddressList> balancer_addresses_;
+  };
+
+  class AresTXTRequest : public AresRequest {
+   public:
+    AresTXTRequest(absl::string_view name, absl::string_view name_server,
+                   Duration timeout, grpc_pollset_set* interested_parties,
+                   std::function<void(absl::StatusOr<std::string>)> on_resolved,
+                   AresDNSResolver* resolver, intptr_t aba_token)
+        : AresRequest(name, name_server, timeout, interested_parties, resolver,
+                      aba_token),
+          on_resolved_(std::move(on_resolved)) {
+      GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("AresTXTRequest:%p ctor", this);
+    }
+
+    ~AresTXTRequest() override { gpr_free(service_config_json_); }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<grpc_ares_request> MakeRequestLocked() override {
+      auto ares_request =
+          std::unique_ptr<grpc_ares_request>(grpc_dns_lookup_txt_ares(
+              name_server().c_str(), name().c_str(), pollset_set(),
+              on_dns_lookup_done(), &service_config_json_, timeout().millis()));
+      GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("AresSRVRequest:%p Start ares_request_:%p", this,
+                           ares_request.get());
+      return ares_request;
+    }
+
+    void OnComplete(grpc_error_handle error) override {
+      GRPC_CARES_TRACE_LOG("AresSRVRequest:%p OnComplete", this);
+      if (!error.ok()) {
+        on_resolved_(grpc_error_to_absl_status(error));
+        return;
+      }
+      on_resolved_(service_config_json_);
+    }
+
+    // service config from the TXT record
+    char* service_config_json_ = nullptr;
+    // user-provided completion callback
+    const std::function<void(absl::StatusOr<std::string>)> on_resolved_;
+  };
+
+  TaskHandle LookupHostname(
       std::function<void(absl::StatusOr<std::vector<grpc_resolved_address>>)>
-          on_done) override {
+          on_resolved,
+      absl::string_view name, absl::string_view default_port, Duration timeout,
+      grpc_pollset_set* interested_parties,
+      absl::string_view name_server) override {
     MutexLock lock(&mu_);
-    auto* request = new AresRequest(name, default_port, interested_parties,
-                                    std::move(on_done), this, aba_token_++);
+    auto* request = new AresHostnameRequest(
+        name, default_port, name_server, timeout, interested_parties,
+        std::move(on_resolved), this, aba_token_++);
+    request->Run();
     auto handle = request->task_handle();
     open_requests_.insert(handle);
     return handle;
   }
 
-  absl::StatusOr<std::vector<grpc_resolved_address>> ResolveNameBlocking(
+  absl::StatusOr<std::vector<grpc_resolved_address>> LookupHostnameBlocking(
       absl::string_view name, absl::string_view default_port) override {
     // TODO(apolcyn): change this to wrap the async version of the c-ares
     // API with a promise, and remove the reference to the previous resolver.
-    return default_resolver_->ResolveNameBlocking(name, default_port);
+    return default_resolver_->LookupHostnameBlocking(name, default_port);
   }
 
+  TaskHandle LookupSRV(
+      std::function<void(absl::StatusOr<std::vector<grpc_resolved_address>>)>
+          on_resolved,
+      absl::string_view name, Duration timeout,
+      grpc_pollset_set* interested_parties,
+      absl::string_view name_server) override {
+    MutexLock lock(&mu_);
+    auto* request =
+        new AresSRVRequest(name, name_server, timeout, interested_parties,
+                           std::move(on_resolved), this, aba_token_++);
+    request->Run();
+    auto handle = request->task_handle();
+    open_requests_.insert(handle);
+    return handle;
+  };
+
+  TaskHandle LookupTXT(
+      std::function<void(absl::StatusOr<std::string>)> on_resolved,
+      absl::string_view name, Duration timeout,
+      grpc_pollset_set* interested_parties,
+      absl::string_view name_server) override {
+    MutexLock lock(&mu_);
+    auto* request =
+        new AresTXTRequest(name, name_server, timeout, interested_parties,
+                           std::move(on_resolved), this, aba_token_++);
+    request->Run();
+    auto handle = request->task_handle();
+    open_requests_.insert(handle);
+    return handle;
+  };
+
   bool Cancel(TaskHandle handle) override {
     MutexLock lock(&mu_);
     if (!open_requests_.contains(handle)) {
@@ -526,7 +803,7 @@ class AresDNSResolver : public DNSResolver {
   }
 
   // the previous default DNS resolver, used to delegate blocking DNS calls to
-  DNSResolver* default_resolver_ = GetDNSResolver();
+  std::shared_ptr<DNSResolver> default_resolver_ = GetDNSResolver();
   Mutex mu_;
   grpc_event_engine::experimental::LookupTaskHandleSet open_requests_
       ABSL_GUARDED_BY(mu_);
@@ -553,7 +830,7 @@ bool UseAresDnsResolver() {
 void RegisterAresDnsResolver(CoreConfiguration::Builder* builder) {
   if (UseAresDnsResolver()) {
     builder->resolver_registry()->RegisterResolverFactory(
-        absl::make_unique<AresClientChannelDNSResolverFactory>());
+        std::make_unique<AresClientChannelDNSResolverFactory>());
   }
 }
 
@@ -563,11 +840,11 @@ void grpc_resolver_dns_ares_init() {
   if (grpc_core::UseAresDnsResolver()) {
     address_sorting_init();
     grpc_error_handle error = grpc_ares_init();
-    if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
+    if (!error.ok()) {
       GRPC_LOG_IF_ERROR("grpc_ares_init() failed", error);
       return;
     }
-    grpc_core::SetDNSResolver(grpc_core::AresDNSResolver::GetOrCreate());
+    grpc_core::ResetDNSResolver(std::make_unique<grpc_core::AresDNSResolver>());
   }
 }
 
@@ -578,7 +855,7 @@ void grpc_resolver_dns_ares_shutdown() {
   }
 }
 
-#else /* GRPC_ARES == 1 */
+#else  // GRPC_ARES == 1
 
 namespace grpc_core {
 void RegisterAresDnsResolver(CoreConfiguration::Builder*) {}
@@ -588,4 +865,4 @@ void grpc_resolver_dns_ares_init() {}
 
 void grpc_resolver_dns_ares_shutdown() {}
 
-#endif /* GRPC_ARES == 1 */
+#endif  // GRPC_ARES == 1