grpc 1.30.2 → 1.32.0

data/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/flow_control.cc

@@ -25,9 +25,12 @@
 #include <math.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
+#include <string>
+
+#include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
+
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
-#include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
 
 #include "src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/internal.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/gpr/string.h"
@@ -43,27 +46,23 @@ static constexpr const int kTracePadding = 30;
 static constexpr const uint32_t kMaxWindowUpdateSize = (1u << 31) - 1;
 
 static char* fmt_int64_diff_str(int64_t old_val, int64_t new_val) {
-  char* str;
+  std::string str;
   if (old_val != new_val) {
-    gpr_asprintf(&str, "%" PRId64 " -> %" PRId64 "", old_val, new_val);
+    str = absl::StrFormat("%" PRId64 " -> %" PRId64 "", old_val, new_val);
   } else {
-    gpr_asprintf(&str, "%" PRId64 "", old_val);
+    str = absl::StrFormat("%" PRId64 "", old_val);
   }
-  char* str_lp = gpr_leftpad(str, ' ', kTracePadding);
-  gpr_free(str);
-  return str_lp;
+  return gpr_leftpad(str.c_str(), ' ', kTracePadding);
 }
 
 static char* fmt_uint32_diff_str(uint32_t old_val, uint32_t new_val) {
-  char* str;
+  std::string str;
   if (old_val != new_val) {
-    gpr_asprintf(&str, "%" PRIu32 " -> %" PRIu32 "", old_val, new_val);
+    str = absl::StrFormat("%" PRIu32 " -> %" PRIu32 "", old_val, new_val);
   } else {
-    gpr_asprintf(&str, "%" PRIu32 "", old_val);
+    str = absl::StrFormat("%" PRIu32 "", old_val);
   }
-  char* str_lp = gpr_leftpad(str, ' ', kTracePadding);
-  gpr_free(str);
-  return str_lp;
+  return gpr_leftpad(str.c_str(), ' ', kTracePadding);
 }
 }  // namespace
 
@@ -176,7 +175,7 @@ TransportFlowControl::TransportFlowControl(const grpc_chttp2_transport* t,
                                            bool enable_bdp_probe)
     : t_(t),
       enable_bdp_probe_(enable_bdp_probe),
-      bdp_estimator_(t->peer_string),
+      bdp_estimator_(t->peer_string.c_str()),
       pid_controller_(grpc_core::PidController::Args()
                           .set_gain_p(4)
                           .set_gain_i(8)
@@ -204,13 +203,11 @@ uint32_t TransportFlowControl::MaybeSendUpdate(bool writing_anyway) {
 grpc_error* TransportFlowControl::ValidateRecvData(
     int64_t incoming_frame_size) {
   if (incoming_frame_size > announced_window_) {
-    char* msg;
-    gpr_asprintf(&msg,
-                 "frame of size %" PRId64 " overflows local window of %" PRId64,
-                 incoming_frame_size, announced_window_);
-    grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(msg);
-    gpr_free(msg);
-    return err;
+    return GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(
+        absl::StrFormat("frame of size %" PRId64
+                        " overflows local window of %" PRId64,
+                        incoming_frame_size, announced_window_)
+            .c_str());
   }
   return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
 }
@@ -248,13 +245,11 @@ grpc_error* StreamFlowControl::RecvData(int64_t incoming_frame_size) {
               "See (for example) https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/6520.",
               incoming_frame_size, acked_stream_window, sent_stream_window);
     } else {
-      char* msg;
-      gpr_asprintf(
-          &msg, "frame of size %" PRId64 " overflows local window of %" PRId64,
-          incoming_frame_size, acked_stream_window);
-      grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(msg);
-      gpr_free(msg);
-      return err;
+      return GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(
+          absl::StrFormat("frame of size %" PRId64
+                          " overflows local window of %" PRId64,
+                          incoming_frame_size, acked_stream_window)
+              .c_str());
     }
   }
 

data/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/flow_control.h

@@ -140,8 +140,7 @@ class FlowControlTrace {
 };
 
 // Fat interface with all methods a flow control implementation needs to
-// support. gRPC C Core does not support pure virtual functions, so instead
-// we abort in any methods which require implementation in the base class.
+// support.
 class TransportFlowControlBase {
  public:
   TransportFlowControlBase() {}
@@ -149,30 +148,30 @@ class TransportFlowControlBase {
 
   // Is flow control enabled? This is needed in other codepaths like the checks
   // in parsing and in writing.
-  virtual bool flow_control_enabled() const { abort(); }
+  virtual bool flow_control_enabled() const = 0;
 
   // Called to check if the transport needs to send a WINDOW_UPDATE frame
-  virtual uint32_t MaybeSendUpdate(bool /* writing_anyway */) { abort(); }
+  virtual uint32_t MaybeSendUpdate(bool /* writing_anyway */) = 0;
 
   // Using the protected members, returns and Action to be taken by the
   // tranport.
-  virtual FlowControlAction MakeAction() { abort(); }
+  virtual FlowControlAction MakeAction() = 0;
 
   // Using the protected members, returns and Action to be taken by the
   // tranport. Also checks for updates to our BDP estimate and acts
   // accordingly.
-  virtual FlowControlAction PeriodicUpdate() { abort(); }
+  virtual FlowControlAction PeriodicUpdate() = 0;
 
   // Called to do bookkeeping when a stream owned by this transport sends
   // data on the wire
-  virtual void StreamSentData(int64_t /* size */) { abort(); }
+  virtual void StreamSentData(int64_t /* size */) = 0;
 
   // Called to do bookkeeping when a stream owned by this transport receives
   // data from the wire. Also does error checking for frame size.
-  virtual grpc_error* RecvData(int64_t /* incoming_frame_size */) { abort(); }
+  virtual grpc_error* RecvData(int64_t /* incoming_frame_size */) = 0;
 
   // Called to do bookkeeping when we receive a WINDOW_UPDATE frame.
-  virtual void RecvUpdate(uint32_t /* size */) { abort(); }
+  virtual void RecvUpdate(uint32_t /* size */) = 0;
 
   // Returns the BdpEstimator held by this object. Caller is responsible for
   // checking for nullptr. TODO(ncteisen): consider fully encapsulating all
@@ -334,8 +333,7 @@ class TransportFlowControl final : public TransportFlowControlBase {
 };
 
 // Fat interface with all methods a stream flow control implementation needs
-// to support. gRPC C Core does not support pure virtual functions, so instead
-// we abort in any methods which require implementation in the base class.
+// to support.
 class StreamFlowControlBase {
  public:
   StreamFlowControlBase() {}
@@ -348,19 +346,19 @@ class StreamFlowControlBase {
 
   // Using the protected members, returns an Action for this stream to be
   // taken by the tranport.
-  virtual FlowControlAction MakeAction() { abort(); }
+  virtual FlowControlAction MakeAction() = 0;
 
   // Bookkeeping for when data is sent on this stream.
-  virtual void SentData(int64_t /* outgoing_frame_size */) { abort(); }
+  virtual void SentData(int64_t /* outgoing_frame_size */) = 0;
 
   // Bookkeeping and error checking for when data is received by this stream.
-  virtual grpc_error* RecvData(int64_t /* incoming_frame_size */) { abort(); }
+  virtual grpc_error* RecvData(int64_t /* incoming_frame_size */) = 0;
 
   // Called to check if this stream needs to send a WINDOW_UPDATE frame.
-  virtual uint32_t MaybeSendUpdate() { abort(); }
+  virtual uint32_t MaybeSendUpdate() = 0;
 
   // Bookkeeping for receiving a WINDOW_UPDATE from for this stream.
-  virtual void RecvUpdate(uint32_t /* size */) { abort(); }
+  virtual void RecvUpdate(uint32_t /* size */) = 0;
 
   // Bookkeeping for when a call pulls bytes out of the transport. At this
   // point we consider the data 'used' and can thus let out peer know we are

data/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_data.cc

@@ -22,9 +22,10 @@
 
 #include <string.h>
 
+#include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
+
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
-#include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
 #include "src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/internal.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/gpr/string.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/gprpp/memory.h"
@@ -44,13 +45,10 @@ grpc_error* grpc_chttp2_data_parser_begin_frame(
     grpc_chttp2_data_parser* /*parser*/, uint8_t flags, uint32_t stream_id,
     grpc_chttp2_stream* s) {
   if (flags & ~GRPC_CHTTP2_DATA_FLAG_END_STREAM) {
-    char* msg;
-    gpr_asprintf(&msg, "unsupported data flags: 0x%02x", flags);
-    grpc_error* err = grpc_error_set_int(
-        GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(msg), GRPC_ERROR_INT_STREAM_ID,
-        static_cast<intptr_t>(stream_id));
-    gpr_free(msg);
-    return err;
+    return grpc_error_set_int(
+        GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(
+            absl::StrFormat("unsupported data flags: 0x%02x", flags).c_str()),
+        GRPC_ERROR_INT_STREAM_ID, static_cast<intptr_t>(stream_id));
   }
 
   if (flags & GRPC_CHTTP2_DATA_FLAG_END_STREAM) {
@@ -130,12 +128,11 @@ grpc_error* grpc_deframe_unprocessed_incoming_frames(
             p->is_frame_compressed = true; /* GPR_TRUE */
             break;
           default:
-            char* msg;
-            gpr_asprintf(&msg, "Bad GRPC frame type 0x%02x", p->frame_type);
-            p->error = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(msg);
+            p->error = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(
+                absl::StrFormat("Bad GRPC frame type 0x%02x", p->frame_type)
+                    .c_str());
             p->error = grpc_error_set_int(p->error, GRPC_ERROR_INT_STREAM_ID,
                                           static_cast<intptr_t>(s->id));
-            gpr_free(msg);
             p->error = grpc_error_set_str(
                 p->error, GRPC_ERROR_STR_RAW_BYTES,
                 grpc_slice_from_moved_string(grpc_core::UniquePtr<char>(

data/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_goaway.cc

@@ -23,9 +23,10 @@
 
 #include <string.h>
 
+#include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
+
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
-#include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
 
 void grpc_chttp2_goaway_parser_init(grpc_chttp2_goaway_parser* p) {
   p->debug_data = nullptr;
@@ -39,11 +40,8 @@ grpc_error* grpc_chttp2_goaway_parser_begin_frame(grpc_chttp2_goaway_parser* p,
                                                   uint32_t length,
                                                   uint8_t /*flags*/) {
   if (length < 8) {
-    char* msg;
-    gpr_asprintf(&msg, "goaway frame too short (%d bytes)", length);
-    grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(msg);
-    gpr_free(msg);
-    return err;
+    return GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(
+        absl::StrFormat("goaway frame too short (%d bytes)", length).c_str());
   }
 
   gpr_free(p->debug_data);

data/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_ping.cc

@@ -23,9 +23,10 @@
 
 #include <string.h>
 
+#include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
+
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
-#include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
 
 static bool g_disable_ping_ack = false;
 
@@ -58,11 +59,9 @@ grpc_error* grpc_chttp2_ping_parser_begin_frame(grpc_chttp2_ping_parser* parser,
                                                 uint32_t length,
                                                 uint8_t flags) {
   if (flags & 0xfe || length != 8) {
-    char* msg;
-    gpr_asprintf(&msg, "invalid ping: length=%d, flags=%02x", length, flags);
-    grpc_error* error = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(msg);
-    gpr_free(msg);
-    return error;
+    return GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(
+        absl::StrFormat("invalid ping: length=%d, flags=%02x", length, flags)
+            .c_str());
   }
   parser->byte = 0;
   parser->is_ack = flags;

data/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_rst_stream.cc

@@ -21,9 +21,11 @@
 #include "src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_rst_stream.h"
 #include "src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/internal.h"
 
+#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
+
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
-#include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
 
 #include "src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/gprpp/memory.h"
@@ -69,12 +71,10 @@ void grpc_chttp2_add_rst_stream_to_next_write(
 grpc_error* grpc_chttp2_rst_stream_parser_begin_frame(
     grpc_chttp2_rst_stream_parser* parser, uint32_t length, uint8_t flags) {
   if (length != 4) {
-    char* msg;
-    gpr_asprintf(&msg, "invalid rst_stream: length=%d, flags=%02x", length,
-                 flags);
-    grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(msg);
-    gpr_free(msg);
-    return err;
+    return GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(
+        absl::StrFormat("invalid rst_stream: length=%d, flags=%02x", length,
+                        flags)
+            .c_str());
   }
   parser->byte = 0;
   return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
@@ -106,13 +106,12 @@ grpc_error* grpc_chttp2_rst_stream_parser_parse(void* parser,
                       ((static_cast<uint32_t>(p->reason_bytes[3])));
     grpc_error* error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
     if (reason != GRPC_HTTP2_NO_ERROR || s->metadata_buffer[1].size == 0) {
-      char* message;
-      gpr_asprintf(&message, "Received RST_STREAM with error code %d", reason);
       error = grpc_error_set_int(
-          grpc_error_set_str(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("RST_STREAM"),
-                             GRPC_ERROR_STR_GRPC_MESSAGE,
-                             grpc_slice_from_moved_string(
-                                 grpc_core::UniquePtr<char>(message))),
+          grpc_error_set_str(
+              GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("RST_STREAM"),
+              GRPC_ERROR_STR_GRPC_MESSAGE,
+              grpc_slice_from_cpp_string(absl::StrCat(
+                  "Received RST_STREAM with error code ", reason))),
           GRPC_ERROR_INT_HTTP2_ERROR, static_cast<intptr_t>(reason));
     }
     grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_closed(t, s, true, true, error);

data/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_settings.cc

@@ -23,9 +23,10 @@
 
 #include <string.h>
 
+#include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
+
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
-#include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
 
 #include "src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/chttp2_transport.h"
 #include "src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame.h"
@@ -117,7 +118,6 @@ grpc_error* grpc_chttp2_settings_parser_parse(void* p, grpc_chttp2_transport* t,
       static_cast<grpc_chttp2_settings_parser*>(p);
   const uint8_t* cur = GRPC_SLICE_START_PTR(slice);
   const uint8_t* end = GRPC_SLICE_END_PTR(slice);
-  char* msg;
   grpc_chttp2_setting_id id;
 
   if (parser->is_ack) {
@@ -208,11 +208,10 @@ grpc_error* grpc_chttp2_settings_parser_parse(void* p, grpc_chttp2_transport* t,
                     t->last_new_stream_id, sp->error_value,
                     grpc_slice_from_static_string("HTTP2 settings error"),
                     &t->qbuf);
-                gpr_asprintf(&msg, "invalid value %u passed for %s",
-                             parser->value, sp->name);
-                grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(msg);
-                gpr_free(msg);
-                return err;
+                return GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(
+                    absl::StrFormat("invalid value %u passed for %s",
+                                    parser->value, sp->name)
+                        .c_str());
             }
           }
           if (id == GRPC_CHTTP2_SETTINGS_INITIAL_WINDOW_SIZE &&
@@ -229,8 +228,8 @@ grpc_error* grpc_chttp2_settings_parser_parse(void* p, grpc_chttp2_transport* t,
           parser->incoming_settings[id] = parser->value;
           if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_http_trace)) {
             gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "CHTTP2:%s:%s: got setting %s = %d",
-                    t->is_client ? "CLI" : "SVR", t->peer_string, sp->name,
-                    parser->value);
+                    t->is_client ? "CLI" : "SVR", t->peer_string.c_str(),
+                    sp->name, parser->value);
           }
         } else if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_http_trace)) {
           gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "CHTTP2: Ignoring unknown setting %d (value %d)",

data/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_window_update.cc

@@ -21,9 +21,11 @@
 #include "src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_window_update.h"
 #include "src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/internal.h"
 
+#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
+
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
-#include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
 
 grpc_slice grpc_chttp2_window_update_create(
     uint32_t id, uint32_t window_update, grpc_transport_one_way_stats* stats) {
@@ -54,12 +56,10 @@ grpc_slice grpc_chttp2_window_update_create(
 grpc_error* grpc_chttp2_window_update_parser_begin_frame(
     grpc_chttp2_window_update_parser* parser, uint32_t length, uint8_t flags) {
   if (flags || length != 4) {
-    char* msg;
-    gpr_asprintf(&msg, "invalid window update: length=%d, flags=%02x", length,
-                 flags);
-    grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(msg);
-    gpr_free(msg);
-    return err;
+    return GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(
+        absl::StrFormat("invalid window update: length=%d, flags=%02x", length,
+                        flags)
+            .c_str());
   }
   parser->byte = 0;
   parser->amount = 0;
@@ -91,11 +91,8 @@ grpc_error* grpc_chttp2_window_update_parser_parse(void* parser,
     // top bit is reserved and must be ignored.
     uint32_t received_update = p->amount & 0x7fffffffu;
     if (received_update == 0) {
-      char* msg;
-      gpr_asprintf(&msg, "invalid window update bytes: %d", p->amount);
-      grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(msg);
-      gpr_free(msg);
-      return err;
+      return GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(
+          absl::StrCat("invalid window update bytes: ", p->amount).c_str());
     }
     GPR_ASSERT(is_last);
 

data/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/hpack_parser.cc

@@ -25,9 +25,11 @@
 #include <stddef.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
+#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
+
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
-#include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
 
 #include "src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/bin_encoder.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/debug/stats.h"
@@ -1087,10 +1089,8 @@ static grpc_error* still_parse_error(grpc_chttp2_hpack_parser* p,
 static grpc_error* parse_illegal_op(grpc_chttp2_hpack_parser* p,
                                     const uint8_t* cur, const uint8_t* end) {
   GPR_ASSERT(cur != end);
-  char* msg;
-  gpr_asprintf(&msg, "Illegal hpack op code %d", *cur);
-  grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(msg);
-  gpr_free(msg);
+  grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(
+      absl::StrCat("Illegal hpack op code ", *cur).c_str());
   return parse_error(p, cur, end, err);
 }
 
@@ -1173,7 +1173,6 @@ static grpc_error* parse_value4(grpc_chttp2_hpack_parser* p, const uint8_t* cur,
   uint8_t c;
   uint32_t cur_value;
   uint32_t add_value;
-  char* msg;
 
   if (cur == end) {
     p->state = parse_value4;
@@ -1200,12 +1199,12 @@ static grpc_error* parse_value4(grpc_chttp2_hpack_parser* p, const uint8_t* cur,
   }
 
 error:
-  gpr_asprintf(&msg,
-               "integer overflow in hpack integer decoding: have 0x%08x, "
-               "got byte 0x%02x on byte 5",
-               *p->parsing.value, *cur);
-  grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(msg);
-  gpr_free(msg);
+  grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(
+      absl::StrFormat(
+          "integer overflow in hpack integer decoding: have 0x%08x, "
+          "got byte 0x%02x on byte 5",
+          *p->parsing.value, *cur)
+          .c_str());
   return parse_error(p, cur, end, err);
 }
 
@@ -1227,13 +1226,12 @@ static grpc_error* parse_value5up(grpc_chttp2_hpack_parser* p,
     return parse_next(p, cur + 1, end);
   }
 
-  char* msg;
-  gpr_asprintf(&msg,
-               "integer overflow in hpack integer decoding: have 0x%08x, "
-               "got byte 0x%02x sometime after byte 5",
-               *p->parsing.value, *cur);
-  grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(msg);
-  gpr_free(msg);
+  grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(
+      absl::StrFormat(
+          "integer overflow in hpack integer decoding: have 0x%08x, "
+          "got byte 0x%02x sometime after byte 5",
+          *p->parsing.value, *cur)
+          .c_str());
   return parse_error(p, cur, end, err);
 }
 
@@ -1389,11 +1387,10 @@ static grpc_error* finish_str(grpc_chttp2_hpack_parser* p, const uint8_t* cur,
     case B64_BYTE2:
       bits = p->base64_buffer;
       if (bits & 0xffff) {
-        char* msg;
-        gpr_asprintf(&msg, "trailing bits in base64 encoding: 0x%04x",
-                     bits & 0xffff);
-        grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(msg);
-        gpr_free(msg);
+        grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(
+            absl::StrFormat("trailing bits in base64 encoding: 0x%04x",
+                            bits & 0xffff)
+                .c_str());
         return parse_error(p, cur, end, err);
       }
       decoded[0] = static_cast<uint8_t>(bits >> 16);
@@ -1402,11 +1399,10 @@ static grpc_error* finish_str(grpc_chttp2_hpack_parser* p, const uint8_t* cur,
     case B64_BYTE3:
       bits = p->base64_buffer;
       if (bits & 0xff) {
-        char* msg;
-        gpr_asprintf(&msg, "trailing bits in base64 encoding: 0x%02x",
-                     bits & 0xff);
-        grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(msg);
-        gpr_free(msg);
+        grpc_error* err = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(
+            absl::StrFormat("trailing bits in base64 encoding: 0x%02x",
+                            bits & 0xff)
+                .c_str());
         return parse_error(p, cur, end, err);
       }
       decoded[0] = static_cast<uint8_t>(bits >> 16);