grpc 1.28.0.pre2 → 1.31.0.pre1

data/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/time/internal/cctz/src/civil_time_detail.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+// Copyright 2016 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+//   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+//   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+//   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+//   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+//   limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/time/internal/cctz/include/cctz/civil_time_detail.h"
+
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <sstream>
+
+#include "absl/base/config.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+ABSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace time_internal {
+namespace cctz {
+namespace detail {
+
+// Output stream operators output a format matching YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss,
+// while omitting fields inferior to the type's alignment. For example,
+// civil_day is formatted only as YYYY-MM-DD.
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const civil_year& y) {
+  std::stringstream ss;
+  ss << y.year();  // No padding.
+  return os << ss.str();
+}
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const civil_month& m) {
+  std::stringstream ss;
+  ss << civil_year(m) << '-';
+  ss << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << m.month();
+  return os << ss.str();
+}
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const civil_day& d) {
+  std::stringstream ss;
+  ss << civil_month(d) << '-';
+  ss << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << d.day();
+  return os << ss.str();
+}
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const civil_hour& h) {
+  std::stringstream ss;
+  ss << civil_day(h) << 'T';
+  ss << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << h.hour();
+  return os << ss.str();
+}
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const civil_minute& m) {
+  std::stringstream ss;
+  ss << civil_hour(m) << ':';
+  ss << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << m.minute();
+  return os << ss.str();
+}
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const civil_second& s) {
+  std::stringstream ss;
+  ss << civil_minute(s) << ':';
+  ss << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << s.second();
+  return os << ss.str();
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, weekday wd) {
+  switch (wd) {
+    case weekday::monday:
+      return os << "Monday";
+    case weekday::tuesday:
+      return os << "Tuesday";
+    case weekday::wednesday:
+      return os << "Wednesday";
+    case weekday::thursday:
+      return os << "Thursday";
+    case weekday::friday:
+      return os << "Friday";
+    case weekday::saturday:
+      return os << "Saturday";
+    case weekday::sunday:
+      return os << "Sunday";
+  }
+  return os;  // Should never get here, but -Wreturn-type may warn without this.
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+}  // namespace cctz
+}  // namespace time_internal
+ABSL_NAMESPACE_END
+}  // namespace absl

data/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/time/internal/cctz/src/time_zone_fixed.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+// Copyright 2016 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+//   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+//   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+//   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+//   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+//   limitations under the License.
+
+#include "time_zone_fixed.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "absl/base/config.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+ABSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace time_internal {
+namespace cctz {
+
+namespace {
+
+// The prefix used for the internal names of fixed-offset zones.
+const char kFixedZonePrefix[] = "Fixed/UTC";
+
+const char kDigits[] = "0123456789";
+
+char* Format02d(char* p, int v) {
+  *p++ = kDigits[(v / 10) % 10];
+  *p++ = kDigits[v % 10];
+  return p;
+}
+
+int Parse02d(const char* p) {
+  if (const char* ap = std::strchr(kDigits, *p)) {
+    int v = static_cast<int>(ap - kDigits);
+    if (const char* bp = std::strchr(kDigits, *++p)) {
+      return (v * 10) + static_cast<int>(bp - kDigits);
+    }
+  }
+  return -1;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+bool FixedOffsetFromName(const std::string& name, seconds* offset) {
+  if (name.compare(0, std::string::npos, "UTC", 3) == 0) {
+    *offset = seconds::zero();
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  const std::size_t prefix_len = sizeof(kFixedZonePrefix) - 1;
+  const char* const ep = kFixedZonePrefix + prefix_len;
+  if (name.size() != prefix_len + 9)  // <prefix>+99:99:99
+    return false;
+  if (!std::equal(kFixedZonePrefix, ep, name.begin())) return false;
+  const char* np = name.data() + prefix_len;
+  if (np[0] != '+' && np[0] != '-') return false;
+  if (np[3] != ':' || np[6] != ':')  // see note below about large offsets
+    return false;
+
+  int hours = Parse02d(np + 1);
+  if (hours == -1) return false;
+  int mins = Parse02d(np + 4);
+  if (mins == -1) return false;
+  int secs = Parse02d(np + 7);
+  if (secs == -1) return false;
+
+  secs += ((hours * 60) + mins) * 60;
+  if (secs > 24 * 60 * 60) return false;  // outside supported offset range
+  *offset = seconds(secs * (np[0] == '-' ? -1 : 1));  // "-" means west
+  return true;
+}
+
+std::string FixedOffsetToName(const seconds& offset) {
+  if (offset == seconds::zero()) return "UTC";
+  if (offset < std::chrono::hours(-24) || offset > std::chrono::hours(24)) {
+    // We don't support fixed-offset zones more than 24 hours
+    // away from UTC to avoid complications in rendering such
+    // offsets and to (somewhat) limit the total number of zones.
+    return "UTC";
+  }
+  int offset_seconds = static_cast<int>(offset.count());
+  const char sign = (offset_seconds < 0 ? '-' : '+');
+  int offset_minutes = offset_seconds / 60;
+  offset_seconds %= 60;
+  if (sign == '-') {
+    if (offset_seconds > 0) {
+      offset_seconds -= 60;
+      offset_minutes += 1;
+    }
+    offset_seconds = -offset_seconds;
+    offset_minutes = -offset_minutes;
+  }
+  int offset_hours = offset_minutes / 60;
+  offset_minutes %= 60;
+  const std::size_t prefix_len = sizeof(kFixedZonePrefix) - 1;
+  char buf[prefix_len + sizeof("-24:00:00")];
+  char* ep = std::copy(kFixedZonePrefix, kFixedZonePrefix + prefix_len, buf);
+  *ep++ = sign;
+  ep = Format02d(ep, offset_hours);
+  *ep++ = ':';
+  ep = Format02d(ep, offset_minutes);
+  *ep++ = ':';
+  ep = Format02d(ep, offset_seconds);
+  *ep++ = '\0';
+  assert(ep == buf + sizeof(buf));
+  return buf;
+}
+
+std::string FixedOffsetToAbbr(const seconds& offset) {
+  std::string abbr = FixedOffsetToName(offset);
+  const std::size_t prefix_len = sizeof(kFixedZonePrefix) - 1;
+  if (abbr.size() == prefix_len + 9) {         // <prefix>+99:99:99
+    abbr.erase(0, prefix_len);                 // +99:99:99
+    abbr.erase(6, 1);                          // +99:9999
+    abbr.erase(3, 1);                          // +999999
+    if (abbr[5] == '0' && abbr[6] == '0') {    // +999900
+      abbr.erase(5, 2);                        // +9999
+      if (abbr[3] == '0' && abbr[4] == '0') {  // +9900
+        abbr.erase(3, 2);                      // +99
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return abbr;
+}
+
+}  // namespace cctz
+}  // namespace time_internal
+ABSL_NAMESPACE_END
+}  // namespace absl

data/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/time/internal/cctz/src/time_zone_fixed.h

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// Copyright 2016 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+//   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+//   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+//   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+//   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+//   limitations under the License.
+
+#ifndef ABSL_TIME_INTERNAL_CCTZ_TIME_ZONE_FIXED_H_
+#define ABSL_TIME_INTERNAL_CCTZ_TIME_ZONE_FIXED_H_
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "absl/base/config.h"
+#include "absl/time/internal/cctz/include/cctz/time_zone.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+ABSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace time_internal {
+namespace cctz {
+
+// Helper functions for dealing with the names and abbreviations
+// of time zones that are a fixed offset (seconds east) from UTC.
+// FixedOffsetFromName() extracts the offset from a valid fixed-offset
+// name, while FixedOffsetToName() and FixedOffsetToAbbr() generate
+// the canonical zone name and abbreviation respectively for the given
+// offset.
+//
+// A fixed-offset name looks like "Fixed/UTC<+-><hours>:<mins>:<secs>".
+// Its abbreviation is of the form "UTC(<+->H?H(MM(SS)?)?)?" where the
+// optional pieces are omitted when their values are zero.  (Note that
+// the sign is the opposite of that used in a POSIX TZ specification.)
+//
+// Note: FixedOffsetFromName() fails on syntax errors or when the parsed
+// offset exceeds 24 hours.  FixedOffsetToName() and FixedOffsetToAbbr()
+// both produce "UTC" when the argument offset exceeds 24 hours.
+bool FixedOffsetFromName(const std::string& name, seconds* offset);
+std::string FixedOffsetToName(const seconds& offset);
+std::string FixedOffsetToAbbr(const seconds& offset);
+
+}  // namespace cctz
+}  // namespace time_internal
+ABSL_NAMESPACE_END
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_TIME_INTERNAL_CCTZ_TIME_ZONE_FIXED_H_

data/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/time/internal/cctz/src/time_zone_format.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,922 @@
+// Copyright 2016 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+//   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+//   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+//   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+//   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+//   limitations under the License.
+
+#if !defined(HAS_STRPTIME)
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
+#define HAS_STRPTIME 1  // assume everyone has strptime() except windows
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(HAS_STRPTIME) && HAS_STRPTIME
+#if !defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE)
+#define _XOPEN_SOURCE  // Definedness suffices for strptime.
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#include "absl/base/config.h"
+#include "absl/time/internal/cctz/include/cctz/time_zone.h"
+
+// Include time.h directly since, by C++ standards, ctime doesn't have to
+// declare strptime.
+#include <time.h>
+
+#include <cctype>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <ctime>
+#include <limits>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#if !HAS_STRPTIME
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <sstream>
+#endif
+
+#include "absl/time/internal/cctz/include/cctz/civil_time.h"
+#include "time_zone_if.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+ABSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace time_internal {
+namespace cctz {
+namespace detail {
+
+namespace {
+
+#if !HAS_STRPTIME
+// Build a strptime() using C++11's std::get_time().
+char* strptime(const char* s, const char* fmt, std::tm* tm) {
+  std::istringstream input(s);
+  input >> std::get_time(tm, fmt);
+  if (input.fail()) return nullptr;
+  return const_cast<char*>(s) +
+         (input.eof() ? strlen(s) : static_cast<std::size_t>(input.tellg()));
+}
+#endif
+
+std::tm ToTM(const time_zone::absolute_lookup& al) {
+  std::tm tm{};
+  tm.tm_sec = al.cs.second();
+  tm.tm_min = al.cs.minute();
+  tm.tm_hour = al.cs.hour();
+  tm.tm_mday = al.cs.day();
+  tm.tm_mon = al.cs.month() - 1;
+
+  // Saturate tm.tm_year is cases of over/underflow.
+  if (al.cs.year() < std::numeric_limits<int>::min() + 1900) {
+    tm.tm_year = std::numeric_limits<int>::min();
+  } else if (al.cs.year() - 1900 > std::numeric_limits<int>::max()) {
+    tm.tm_year = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
+  } else {
+    tm.tm_year = static_cast<int>(al.cs.year() - 1900);
+  }
+
+  switch (get_weekday(al.cs)) {
+    case weekday::sunday:
+      tm.tm_wday = 0;
+      break;
+    case weekday::monday:
+      tm.tm_wday = 1;
+      break;
+    case weekday::tuesday:
+      tm.tm_wday = 2;
+      break;
+    case weekday::wednesday:
+      tm.tm_wday = 3;
+      break;
+    case weekday::thursday:
+      tm.tm_wday = 4;
+      break;
+    case weekday::friday:
+      tm.tm_wday = 5;
+      break;
+    case weekday::saturday:
+      tm.tm_wday = 6;
+      break;
+  }
+  tm.tm_yday = get_yearday(al.cs) - 1;
+  tm.tm_isdst = al.is_dst ? 1 : 0;
+  return tm;
+}
+
+const char kDigits[] = "0123456789";
+
+// Formats a 64-bit integer in the given field width.  Note that it is up
+// to the caller of Format64() [and Format02d()/FormatOffset()] to ensure
+// that there is sufficient space before ep to hold the conversion.
+char* Format64(char* ep, int width, std::int_fast64_t v) {
+  bool neg = false;
+  if (v < 0) {
+    --width;
+    neg = true;
+    if (v == std::numeric_limits<std::int_fast64_t>::min()) {
+      // Avoid negating minimum value.
+      std::int_fast64_t last_digit = -(v % 10);
+      v /= 10;
+      if (last_digit < 0) {
+        ++v;
+        last_digit += 10;
+      }
+      --width;
+      *--ep = kDigits[last_digit];
+    }
+    v = -v;
+  }
+  do {
+    --width;
+    *--ep = kDigits[v % 10];
+  } while (v /= 10);
+  while (--width >= 0) *--ep = '0';  // zero pad
+  if (neg) *--ep = '-';
+  return ep;
+}
+
+// Formats [0 .. 99] as %02d.
+char* Format02d(char* ep, int v) {
+  *--ep = kDigits[v % 10];
+  *--ep = kDigits[(v / 10) % 10];
+  return ep;
+}
+
+// Formats a UTC offset, like +00:00.
+char* FormatOffset(char* ep, int offset, const char* mode) {
+  // TODO: Follow the RFC3339 "Unknown Local Offset Convention" and
+  // generate a "negative zero" when we're formatting a zero offset
+  // as the result of a failed load_time_zone().
+  char sign = '+';
+  if (offset < 0) {
+    offset = -offset;  // bounded by 24h so no overflow
+    sign = '-';
+  }
+  const int seconds = offset % 60;
+  const int minutes = (offset /= 60) % 60;
+  const int hours = offset /= 60;
+  const char sep = mode[0];
+  const bool ext = (sep != '\0' && mode[1] == '*');
+  const bool ccc = (ext && mode[2] == ':');
+  if (ext && (!ccc || seconds != 0)) {
+    ep = Format02d(ep, seconds);
+    *--ep = sep;
+  } else {
+    // If we're not rendering seconds, sub-minute negative offsets
+    // should get a positive sign (e.g., offset=-10s => "+00:00").
+    if (hours == 0 && minutes == 0) sign = '+';
+  }
+  if (!ccc || minutes != 0 || seconds != 0) {
+    ep = Format02d(ep, minutes);
+    if (sep != '\0') *--ep = sep;
+  }
+  ep = Format02d(ep, hours);
+  *--ep = sign;
+  return ep;
+}
+
+// Formats a std::tm using strftime(3).
+void FormatTM(std::string* out, const std::string& fmt, const std::tm& tm) {
+  // strftime(3) returns the number of characters placed in the output
+  // array (which may be 0 characters).  It also returns 0 to indicate
+  // an error, like the array wasn't large enough.  To accommodate this,
+  // the following code grows the buffer size from 2x the format std::string
+  // length up to 32x.
+  for (std::size_t i = 2; i != 32; i *= 2) {
+    std::size_t buf_size = fmt.size() * i;
+    std::vector<char> buf(buf_size);
+    if (std::size_t len = strftime(&buf[0], buf_size, fmt.c_str(), &tm)) {
+      out->append(&buf[0], len);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// Used for %E#S/%E#f specifiers and for data values in parse().
+template <typename T>
+const char* ParseInt(const char* dp, int width, T min, T max, T* vp) {
+  if (dp != nullptr) {
+    const T kmin = std::numeric_limits<T>::min();
+    bool erange = false;
+    bool neg = false;
+    T value = 0;
+    if (*dp == '-') {
+      neg = true;
+      if (width <= 0 || --width != 0) {
+        ++dp;
+      } else {
+        dp = nullptr;  // width was 1
+      }
+    }
+    if (const char* const bp = dp) {
+      while (const char* cp = strchr(kDigits, *dp)) {
+        int d = static_cast<int>(cp - kDigits);
+        if (d >= 10) break;
+        if (value < kmin / 10) {
+          erange = true;
+          break;
+        }
+        value *= 10;
+        if (value < kmin + d) {
+          erange = true;
+          break;
+        }
+        value -= d;
+        dp += 1;
+        if (width > 0 && --width == 0) break;
+      }
+      if (dp != bp && !erange && (neg || value != kmin)) {
+        if (!neg || value != 0) {
+          if (!neg) value = -value;  // make positive
+          if (min <= value && value <= max) {
+            *vp = value;
+          } else {
+            dp = nullptr;
+          }
+        } else {
+          dp = nullptr;
+        }
+      } else {
+        dp = nullptr;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return dp;
+}
+
+// The number of base-10 digits that can be represented by a signed 64-bit
+// integer.  That is, 10^kDigits10_64 <= 2^63 - 1 < 10^(kDigits10_64 + 1).
+const int kDigits10_64 = 18;
+
+// 10^n for everything that can be represented by a signed 64-bit integer.
+const std::int_fast64_t kExp10[kDigits10_64 + 1] = {
+    1,
+    10,
+    100,
+    1000,
+    10000,
+    100000,
+    1000000,
+    10000000,
+    100000000,
+    1000000000,
+    10000000000,
+    100000000000,
+    1000000000000,
+    10000000000000,
+    100000000000000,
+    1000000000000000,
+    10000000000000000,
+    100000000000000000,
+    1000000000000000000,
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+// Uses strftime(3) to format the given Time.  The following extended format
+// specifiers are also supported:
+//
+//   - %Ez  - RFC3339-compatible numeric UTC offset (+hh:mm or -hh:mm)
+//   - %E*z - Full-resolution numeric UTC offset (+hh:mm:ss or -hh:mm:ss)
+//   - %E#S - Seconds with # digits of fractional precision
+//   - %E*S - Seconds with full fractional precision (a literal '*')
+//   - %E4Y - Four-character years (-999 ... -001, 0000, 0001 ... 9999)
+//
+// The standard specifiers from RFC3339_* (%Y, %m, %d, %H, %M, and %S) are
+// handled internally for performance reasons.  strftime(3) is slow due to
+// a POSIX requirement to respect changes to ${TZ}.
+//
+// The TZ/GNU %s extension is handled internally because strftime() has
+// to use mktime() to generate it, and that assumes the local time zone.
+//
+// We also handle the %z and %Z specifiers to accommodate platforms that do
+// not support the tm_gmtoff and tm_zone extensions to std::tm.
+//
+// Requires that zero() <= fs < seconds(1).
+std::string format(const std::string& format, const time_point<seconds>& tp,
+                   const detail::femtoseconds& fs, const time_zone& tz) {
+  std::string result;
+  result.reserve(format.size());  // A reasonable guess for the result size.
+  const time_zone::absolute_lookup al = tz.lookup(tp);
+  const std::tm tm = ToTM(al);
+
+  // Scratch buffer for internal conversions.
+  char buf[3 + kDigits10_64];  // enough for longest conversion
+  char* const ep = buf + sizeof(buf);
+  char* bp;  // works back from ep
+
+  // Maintain three, disjoint subsequences that span format.
+  //   [format.begin() ... pending) : already formatted into result
+  //   [pending ... cur) : formatting pending, but no special cases
+  //   [cur ... format.end()) : unexamined
+  // Initially, everything is in the unexamined part.
+  const char* pending = format.c_str();  // NUL terminated
+  const char* cur = pending;
+  const char* end = pending + format.length();
+
+  while (cur != end) {  // while something is unexamined
+    // Moves cur to the next percent sign.
+    const char* start = cur;
+    while (cur != end && *cur != '%') ++cur;
+
+    // If the new pending text is all ordinary, copy it out.
+    if (cur != start && pending == start) {
+      result.append(pending, static_cast<std::size_t>(cur - pending));
+      pending = start = cur;
+    }
+
+    // Span the sequential percent signs.
+    const char* percent = cur;
+    while (cur != end && *cur == '%') ++cur;
+
+    // If the new pending text is all percents, copy out one
+    // percent for every matched pair, then skip those pairs.
+    if (cur != start && pending == start) {
+      std::size_t escaped = static_cast<std::size_t>(cur - pending) / 2;
+      result.append(pending, escaped);
+      pending += escaped * 2;
+      // Also copy out a single trailing percent.
+      if (pending != cur && cur == end) {
+        result.push_back(*pending++);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Loop unless we have an unescaped percent.
+    if (cur == end || (cur - percent) % 2 == 0) continue;
+
+    // Simple specifiers that we handle ourselves.
+    if (strchr("YmdeHMSzZs%", *cur)) {
+      if (cur - 1 != pending) {
+        FormatTM(&result, std::string(pending, cur - 1), tm);
+      }
+      switch (*cur) {
+        case 'Y':
+          // This avoids the tm.tm_year overflow problem for %Y, however
+          // tm.tm_year will still be used by other specifiers like %D.
+          bp = Format64(ep, 0, al.cs.year());
+          result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(ep - bp));
+          break;
+        case 'm':
+          bp = Format02d(ep, al.cs.month());
+          result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(ep - bp));
+          break;
+        case 'd':
+        case 'e':
+          bp = Format02d(ep, al.cs.day());
+          if (*cur == 'e' && *bp == '0') *bp = ' ';  // for Windows
+          result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(ep - bp));
+          break;
+        case 'H':
+          bp = Format02d(ep, al.cs.hour());
+          result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(ep - bp));
+          break;
+        case 'M':
+          bp = Format02d(ep, al.cs.minute());
+          result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(ep - bp));
+          break;
+        case 'S':
+          bp = Format02d(ep, al.cs.second());
+          result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(ep - bp));
+          break;
+        case 'z':
+          bp = FormatOffset(ep, al.offset, "");
+          result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(ep - bp));
+          break;
+        case 'Z':
+          result.append(al.abbr);
+          break;
+        case 's':
+          bp = Format64(ep, 0, ToUnixSeconds(tp));
+          result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(ep - bp));
+          break;
+        case '%':
+          result.push_back('%');
+          break;
+      }
+      pending = ++cur;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    // More complex specifiers that we handle ourselves.
+    if (*cur == ':' && cur + 1 != end) {
+      if (*(cur + 1) == 'z') {
+        // Formats %:z.
+        if (cur - 1 != pending) {
+          FormatTM(&result, std::string(pending, cur - 1), tm);
+        }
+        bp = FormatOffset(ep, al.offset, ":");
+        result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(ep - bp));
+        pending = cur += 2;
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (*(cur + 1) == ':' && cur + 2 != end) {
+        if (*(cur + 2) == 'z') {
+          // Formats %::z.
+          if (cur - 1 != pending) {
+            FormatTM(&result, std::string(pending, cur - 1), tm);
+          }
+          bp = FormatOffset(ep, al.offset, ":*");
+          result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(ep - bp));
+          pending = cur += 3;
+          continue;
+        }
+        if (*(cur + 2) == ':' && cur + 3 != end) {
+          if (*(cur + 3) == 'z') {
+            // Formats %:::z.
+            if (cur - 1 != pending) {
+              FormatTM(&result, std::string(pending, cur - 1), tm);
+            }
+            bp = FormatOffset(ep, al.offset, ":*:");
+            result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(ep - bp));
+            pending = cur += 4;
+            continue;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Loop if there is no E modifier.
+    if (*cur != 'E' || ++cur == end) continue;
+
+    // Format our extensions.
+    if (*cur == 'z') {
+      // Formats %Ez.
+      if (cur - 2 != pending) {
+        FormatTM(&result, std::string(pending, cur - 2), tm);
+      }
+      bp = FormatOffset(ep, al.offset, ":");
+      result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(ep - bp));
+      pending = ++cur;
+    } else if (*cur == '*' && cur + 1 != end && *(cur + 1) == 'z') {
+      // Formats %E*z.
+      if (cur - 2 != pending) {
+        FormatTM(&result, std::string(pending, cur - 2), tm);
+      }
+      bp = FormatOffset(ep, al.offset, ":*");
+      result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(ep - bp));
+      pending = cur += 2;
+    } else if (*cur == '*' && cur + 1 != end &&
+               (*(cur + 1) == 'S' || *(cur + 1) == 'f')) {
+      // Formats %E*S or %E*F.
+      if (cur - 2 != pending) {
+        FormatTM(&result, std::string(pending, cur - 2), tm);
+      }
+      char* cp = ep;
+      bp = Format64(cp, 15, fs.count());
+      while (cp != bp && cp[-1] == '0') --cp;
+      switch (*(cur + 1)) {
+        case 'S':
+          if (cp != bp) *--bp = '.';
+          bp = Format02d(bp, al.cs.second());
+          break;
+        case 'f':
+          if (cp == bp) *--bp = '0';
+          break;
+      }
+      result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(cp - bp));
+      pending = cur += 2;
+    } else if (*cur == '4' && cur + 1 != end && *(cur + 1) == 'Y') {
+      // Formats %E4Y.
+      if (cur - 2 != pending) {
+        FormatTM(&result, std::string(pending, cur - 2), tm);
+      }
+      bp = Format64(ep, 4, al.cs.year());
+      result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(ep - bp));
+      pending = cur += 2;
+    } else if (std::isdigit(*cur)) {
+      // Possibly found %E#S or %E#f.
+      int n = 0;
+      if (const char* np = ParseInt(cur, 0, 0, 1024, &n)) {
+        if (*np == 'S' || *np == 'f') {
+          // Formats %E#S or %E#f.
+          if (cur - 2 != pending) {
+            FormatTM(&result, std::string(pending, cur - 2), tm);
+          }
+          bp = ep;
+          if (n > 0) {
+            if (n > kDigits10_64) n = kDigits10_64;
+            bp = Format64(bp, n,
+                          (n > 15) ? fs.count() * kExp10[n - 15]
+                                   : fs.count() / kExp10[15 - n]);
+            if (*np == 'S') *--bp = '.';
+          }
+          if (*np == 'S') bp = Format02d(bp, al.cs.second());
+          result.append(bp, static_cast<std::size_t>(ep - bp));
+          pending = cur = ++np;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Formats any remaining data.
+  if (end != pending) {
+    FormatTM(&result, std::string(pending, end), tm);
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+const char* ParseOffset(const char* dp, const char* mode, int* offset) {
+  if (dp != nullptr) {
+    const char first = *dp++;
+    if (first == '+' || first == '-') {
+      char sep = mode[0];
+      int hours = 0;
+      int minutes = 0;
+      int seconds = 0;
+      const char* ap = ParseInt(dp, 2, 0, 23, &hours);
+      if (ap != nullptr && ap - dp == 2) {
+        dp = ap;
+        if (sep != '\0' && *ap == sep) ++ap;
+        const char* bp = ParseInt(ap, 2, 0, 59, &minutes);
+        if (bp != nullptr && bp - ap == 2) {
+          dp = bp;
+          if (sep != '\0' && *bp == sep) ++bp;
+          const char* cp = ParseInt(bp, 2, 0, 59, &seconds);
+          if (cp != nullptr && cp - bp == 2) dp = cp;
+        }
+        *offset = ((hours * 60 + minutes) * 60) + seconds;
+        if (first == '-') *offset = -*offset;
+      } else {
+        dp = nullptr;
+      }
+    } else if (first == 'Z') {  // Zulu
+      *offset = 0;
+    } else {
+      dp = nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+  return dp;
+}
+
+const char* ParseZone(const char* dp, std::string* zone) {
+  zone->clear();
+  if (dp != nullptr) {
+    while (*dp != '\0' && !std::isspace(*dp)) zone->push_back(*dp++);
+    if (zone->empty()) dp = nullptr;
+  }
+  return dp;
+}
+
+const char* ParseSubSeconds(const char* dp, detail::femtoseconds* subseconds) {
+  if (dp != nullptr) {
+    std::int_fast64_t v = 0;
+    std::int_fast64_t exp = 0;
+    const char* const bp = dp;
+    while (const char* cp = strchr(kDigits, *dp)) {
+      int d = static_cast<int>(cp - kDigits);
+      if (d >= 10) break;
+      if (exp < 15) {
+        exp += 1;
+        v *= 10;
+        v += d;
+      }
+      ++dp;
+    }
+    if (dp != bp) {
+      v *= kExp10[15 - exp];
+      *subseconds = detail::femtoseconds(v);
+    } else {
+      dp = nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+  return dp;
+}
+
+// Parses a string into a std::tm using strptime(3).
+const char* ParseTM(const char* dp, const char* fmt, std::tm* tm) {
+  if (dp != nullptr) {
+    dp = strptime(dp, fmt, tm);
+  }
+  return dp;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+// Uses strptime(3) to parse the given input.  Supports the same extended
+// format specifiers as format(), although %E#S and %E*S are treated
+// identically (and similarly for %E#f and %E*f).  %Ez and %E*z also accept
+// the same inputs.
+//
+// The standard specifiers from RFC3339_* (%Y, %m, %d, %H, %M, and %S) are
+// handled internally so that we can normally avoid strptime() altogether
+// (which is particularly helpful when the native implementation is broken).
+//
+// The TZ/GNU %s extension is handled internally because strptime() has to
+// use localtime_r() to generate it, and that assumes the local time zone.
+//
+// We also handle the %z specifier to accommodate platforms that do not
+// support the tm_gmtoff extension to std::tm.  %Z is parsed but ignored.
+bool parse(const std::string& format, const std::string& input,
+           const time_zone& tz, time_point<seconds>* sec,
+           detail::femtoseconds* fs, std::string* err) {
+  // The unparsed input.
+  const char* data = input.c_str();  // NUL terminated
+
+  // Skips leading whitespace.
+  while (std::isspace(*data)) ++data;
+
+  const year_t kyearmax = std::numeric_limits<year_t>::max();
+  const year_t kyearmin = std::numeric_limits<year_t>::min();
+
+  // Sets default values for unspecified fields.
+  bool saw_year = false;
+  year_t year = 1970;
+  std::tm tm{};
+  tm.tm_year = 1970 - 1900;
+  tm.tm_mon = 1 - 1;  // Jan
+  tm.tm_mday = 1;
+  tm.tm_hour = 0;
+  tm.tm_min = 0;
+  tm.tm_sec = 0;
+  tm.tm_wday = 4;  // Thu
+  tm.tm_yday = 0;
+  tm.tm_isdst = 0;
+  auto subseconds = detail::femtoseconds::zero();
+  bool saw_offset = false;
+  int offset = 0;  // No offset from passed tz.
+  std::string zone = "UTC";
+
+  const char* fmt = format.c_str();  // NUL terminated
+  bool twelve_hour = false;
+  bool afternoon = false;
+
+  bool saw_percent_s = false;
+  std::int_fast64_t percent_s = 0;
+
+  // Steps through format, one specifier at a time.
+  while (data != nullptr && *fmt != '\0') {
+    if (std::isspace(*fmt)) {
+      while (std::isspace(*data)) ++data;
+      while (std::isspace(*++fmt)) continue;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (*fmt != '%') {
+      if (*data == *fmt) {
+        ++data;
+        ++fmt;
+      } else {
+        data = nullptr;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    const char* percent = fmt;
+    if (*++fmt == '\0') {
+      data = nullptr;
+      continue;
+    }
+    switch (*fmt++) {
+      case 'Y':
+        // Symmetrically with FormatTime(), directly handing %Y avoids the
+        // tm.tm_year overflow problem.  However, tm.tm_year will still be
+        // used by other specifiers like %D.
+        data = ParseInt(data, 0, kyearmin, kyearmax, &year);
+        if (data != nullptr) saw_year = true;
+        continue;
+      case 'm':
+        data = ParseInt(data, 2, 1, 12, &tm.tm_mon);
+        if (data != nullptr) tm.tm_mon -= 1;
+        continue;
+      case 'd':
+      case 'e':
+        data = ParseInt(data, 2, 1, 31, &tm.tm_mday);
+        continue;
+      case 'H':
+        data = ParseInt(data, 2, 0, 23, &tm.tm_hour);
+        twelve_hour = false;
+        continue;
+      case 'M':
+        data = ParseInt(data, 2, 0, 59, &tm.tm_min);
+        continue;
+      case 'S':
+        data = ParseInt(data, 2, 0, 60, &tm.tm_sec);
+        continue;
+      case 'I':
+      case 'l':
+      case 'r':  // probably uses %I
+        twelve_hour = true;
+        break;
+      case 'R':  // uses %H
+      case 'T':  // uses %H
+      case 'c':  // probably uses %H
+      case 'X':  // probably uses %H
+        twelve_hour = false;
+        break;
+      case 'z':
+        data = ParseOffset(data, "", &offset);
+        if (data != nullptr) saw_offset = true;
+        continue;
+      case 'Z':  // ignored; zone abbreviations are ambiguous
+        data = ParseZone(data, &zone);
+        continue;
+      case 's':
+        data =
+            ParseInt(data, 0, std::numeric_limits<std::int_fast64_t>::min(),
+                     std::numeric_limits<std::int_fast64_t>::max(), &percent_s);
+        if (data != nullptr) saw_percent_s = true;
+        continue;
+      case ':':
+        if (fmt[0] == 'z' ||
+            (fmt[0] == ':' &&
+             (fmt[1] == 'z' || (fmt[1] == ':' && fmt[2] == 'z')))) {
+          data = ParseOffset(data, ":", &offset);
+          if (data != nullptr) saw_offset = true;
+          fmt += (fmt[0] == 'z') ? 1 : (fmt[1] == 'z') ? 2 : 3;
+          continue;
+        }
+        break;
+      case '%':
+        data = (*data == '%' ? data + 1 : nullptr);
+        continue;
+      case 'E':
+        if (fmt[0] == 'z' || (fmt[0] == '*' && fmt[1] == 'z')) {
+          data = ParseOffset(data, ":", &offset);
+          if (data != nullptr) saw_offset = true;
+          fmt += (fmt[0] == 'z') ? 1 : 2;
+          continue;
+        }
+        if (fmt[0] == '*' && fmt[1] == 'S') {
+          data = ParseInt(data, 2, 0, 60, &tm.tm_sec);
+          if (data != nullptr && *data == '.') {
+            data = ParseSubSeconds(data + 1, &subseconds);
+          }
+          fmt += 2;
+          continue;
+        }
+        if (fmt[0] == '*' && fmt[1] == 'f') {
+          if (data != nullptr && std::isdigit(*data)) {
+            data = ParseSubSeconds(data, &subseconds);
+          }
+          fmt += 2;
+          continue;
+        }
+        if (fmt[0] == '4' && fmt[1] == 'Y') {
+          const char* bp = data;
+          data = ParseInt(data, 4, year_t{-999}, year_t{9999}, &year);
+          if (data != nullptr) {
+            if (data - bp == 4) {
+              saw_year = true;
+            } else {
+              data = nullptr;  // stopped too soon
+            }
+          }
+          fmt += 2;
+          continue;
+        }
+        if (std::isdigit(*fmt)) {
+          int n = 0;  // value ignored
+          if (const char* np = ParseInt(fmt, 0, 0, 1024, &n)) {
+            if (*np == 'S') {
+              data = ParseInt(data, 2, 0, 60, &tm.tm_sec);
+              if (data != nullptr && *data == '.') {
+                data = ParseSubSeconds(data + 1, &subseconds);
+              }
+              fmt = ++np;
+              continue;
+            }
+            if (*np == 'f') {
+              if (data != nullptr && std::isdigit(*data)) {
+                data = ParseSubSeconds(data, &subseconds);
+              }
+              fmt = ++np;
+              continue;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        if (*fmt == 'c') twelve_hour = false;  // probably uses %H
+        if (*fmt == 'X') twelve_hour = false;  // probably uses %H
+        if (*fmt != '\0') ++fmt;
+        break;
+      case 'O':
+        if (*fmt == 'H') twelve_hour = false;
+        if (*fmt == 'I') twelve_hour = true;
+        if (*fmt != '\0') ++fmt;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    // Parses the current specifier.
+    const char* orig_data = data;
+    std::string spec(percent, static_cast<std::size_t>(fmt - percent));
+    data = ParseTM(data, spec.c_str(), &tm);
+
+    // If we successfully parsed %p we need to remember whether the result
+    // was AM or PM so that we can adjust tm_hour before time_zone::lookup().
+    // So reparse the input with a known AM hour, and check if it is shifted
+    // to a PM hour.
+    if (spec == "%p" && data != nullptr) {
+      std::string test_input = "1";
+      test_input.append(orig_data, static_cast<std::size_t>(data - orig_data));
+      const char* test_data = test_input.c_str();
+      std::tm tmp{};
+      ParseTM(test_data, "%I%p", &tmp);
+      afternoon = (tmp.tm_hour == 13);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Adjust a 12-hour tm_hour value if it should be in the afternoon.
+  if (twelve_hour && afternoon && tm.tm_hour < 12) {
+    tm.tm_hour += 12;
+  }
+
+  if (data == nullptr) {
+    if (err != nullptr) *err = "Failed to parse input";
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Skip any remaining whitespace.
+  while (std::isspace(*data)) ++data;
+
+  // parse() must consume the entire input std::string.
+  if (*data != '\0') {
+    if (err != nullptr) *err = "Illegal trailing data in input string";
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // If we saw %s then we ignore anything else and return that time.
+  if (saw_percent_s) {
+    *sec = FromUnixSeconds(percent_s);
+    *fs = detail::femtoseconds::zero();
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // If we saw %z, %Ez, or %E*z then we want to interpret the parsed fields
+  // in UTC and then shift by that offset.  Otherwise we want to interpret
+  // the fields directly in the passed time_zone.
+  time_zone ptz = saw_offset ? utc_time_zone() : tz;
+
+  // Allows a leap second of 60 to normalize forward to the following ":00".
+  if (tm.tm_sec == 60) {
+    tm.tm_sec -= 1;
+    offset -= 1;
+    subseconds = detail::femtoseconds::zero();
+  }
+
+  if (!saw_year) {
+    year = year_t{tm.tm_year};
+    if (year > kyearmax - 1900) {
+      // Platform-dependent, maybe unreachable.
+      if (err != nullptr) *err = "Out-of-range year";
+      return false;
+    }
+    year += 1900;
+  }
+
+  const int month = tm.tm_mon + 1;
+  civil_second cs(year, month, tm.tm_mday, tm.tm_hour, tm.tm_min, tm.tm_sec);
+
+  // parse() should not allow normalization. Due to the restricted field
+  // ranges above (see ParseInt()), the only possibility is for days to roll
+  // into months. That is, parsing "Sep 31" should not produce "Oct 1".
+  if (cs.month() != month || cs.day() != tm.tm_mday) {
+    if (err != nullptr) *err = "Out-of-range field";
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Accounts for the offset adjustment before converting to absolute time.
+  if ((offset < 0 && cs > civil_second::max() + offset) ||
+      (offset > 0 && cs < civil_second::min() + offset)) {
+    if (err != nullptr) *err = "Out-of-range field";
+    return false;
+  }
+  cs -= offset;
+
+  const auto tp = ptz.lookup(cs).pre;
+  // Checks for overflow/underflow and returns an error as necessary.
+  if (tp == time_point<seconds>::max()) {
+    const auto al = ptz.lookup(time_point<seconds>::max());
+    if (cs > al.cs) {
+      if (err != nullptr) *err = "Out-of-range field";
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  if (tp == time_point<seconds>::min()) {
+    const auto al = ptz.lookup(time_point<seconds>::min());
+    if (cs < al.cs) {
+      if (err != nullptr) *err = "Out-of-range field";
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  *sec = tp;
+  *fs = subseconds;
+  return true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+}  // namespace cctz
+}  // namespace time_internal
+ABSL_NAMESPACE_END
+}  // namespace absl