graphql 2.5.11 → 2.6.10

data/lib/graphql/execution/field_resolve_step.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,804 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+module GraphQL
+  module Execution
+    class FieldResolveStep
+      def initialize(parent_type:, runner:, key:, selections_step:)
+        @selections_step = selections_step
+        @key = key
+        @parent_type = parent_type
+        @ast_node = @ast_nodes = nil
+        @runner = runner
+        @field_definition = nil
+        @arguments = nil
+        @field_results = nil
+        @path = nil
+        @enqueued_authorization = false
+        @all_next_objects = nil
+        @all_next_results = nil
+        @static_type = nil
+        @next_selections = nil
+        @results = nil
+        @finish_extension_idx = nil
+        @was_scoped = nil
+        @pending_steps = nil
+        @arguments_without_loads = @post_processors = @directive_finalizers = nil
+      end
+
+      attr_reader :ast_node, :key, :parent_type, :selections_step, :runner,
+        :field_definition, :object_is_authorized, :was_scoped, :field_results
+
+      attr_accessor :pending_steps, :arguments, :static_type
+
+      def path
+        @path ||= [*@selections_step.path, @key].freeze
+      end
+
+      def ast_nodes
+        @ast_nodes ||= [@ast_node]
+      end
+
+      def append_selection(ast_node)
+        if @ast_node.nil?
+          @ast_node = ast_node
+        elsif @ast_nodes.nil?
+          @ast_nodes = [@ast_node, ast_node]
+        else
+          @ast_nodes << ast_node
+        end
+        nil
+      end
+
+      def value
+        return nil if @selections_step.killed
+        query = @selections_step.query
+        set_current_field
+        query.current_trace.begin_execute_field(@field_definition, @field_results, @arguments, query)
+        sync(@field_results)
+        query.current_trace.end_execute_field(@field_definition, @field_results, @arguments, query, @field_results)
+        @runner.add_step(self)
+        true
+      ensure
+        set_current_field(nil)
+      end
+
+      def sync(lazy)
+        if lazy.is_a?(Array)
+          lazy.map! { |l| sync(l)}
+        else
+          @runner.schema.sync_lazy(lazy)
+        end
+      rescue GraphQL::UnauthorizedError => auth_err
+        @runner.schema.unauthorized_object(auth_err)
+      rescue GraphQL::ExecutionError => err
+        err
+      rescue StandardError => stderr
+        begin
+          @selections_step.query.handle_or_reraise(stderr, field: @field_definition, arguments: @arguments, object: nil)
+        rescue GraphQL::ExecutionError => ex_err
+          ex_err
+        end
+      end
+
+      def call
+        return nil if @selections_step.killed
+        set_current_field if @field_definition
+
+        if @enqueued_authorization
+          enqueue_next_steps
+        elsif @finish_extension_idx
+          finish_extensions
+        elsif @field_results
+          build_results
+        elsif @arguments
+          execute_field
+        else
+          build_arguments
+        end
+      rescue StandardError => err
+        if @field_definition && !err.message.start_with?("Resolving ")
+          # TODO remove this check ^^^^^^ when NullDataloader isn't recursive
+          raise err, "Resolving #{@field_definition.path}: #{err.message}", err.backtrace
+        else
+          raise
+        end
+      ensure
+        set_current_field(nil)
+      end
+
+      def add_graphql_error(result, key, err, return_type: @field_definition.type)
+        err.path = path
+        if err.ast_node.nil?
+          err.ast_nodes = ast_nodes
+        end
+        @runner.add_finalizer(@selections_step.query, result, key, err)
+        if !err.is_a?(GraphQL::Execution::Skip)
+          field_type = return_type
+          should_propagate_null = field_type.non_null?
+          while (should_propagate_null == false && field_type.kind.wraps?)
+            field_type = field_type.of_type
+            should_propagate_null = field_type.non_null?
+          end
+          if should_propagate_null
+            propagate_nulls
+          end
+        end
+        err
+      end
+
+      def propagate_nulls
+        propagating_null = true
+        highest_nulled_depth = path.size
+        highest_list_depth = nil
+        current_field_step = self
+        while current_field_step && current_field_step.field_definition
+          return_type = current_field_step.field_definition.type
+          if propagating_null && return_type.non_null?
+            highest_nulled_depth = current_field_step.path.size
+          else
+            propagating_null = false
+          end
+
+          if return_type.list?
+            highest_list_depth = current_field_step.path.size
+          end
+
+          current_field_step = current_field_step.selections_step.field_resolve_step
+        end
+
+        if highest_list_depth.nil? || highest_nulled_depth <= highest_list_depth
+          kill_field_step = self
+          while kill_field_step && kill_field_step.field_definition && highest_nulled_depth <= kill_field_step.path.size
+            kill_field_step.selections_step.killed = true
+            kill_field_step = kill_field_step.selections_step.field_resolve_step
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def build_errors_result(errors, single_error)
+        first_error = errors.nil? ? single_error : errors.pop
+        @field_results = [first_error]
+        @results = [@selections_step.results.first]
+        if errors
+          errors.each do |e|
+            add_graphql_error(@results.first, key, e)
+          end
+        end
+        build_results
+      end
+
+      def build_arguments
+        query = @selections_step.query
+        field_name = @ast_node.name
+        @field_definition = query.types.field(@parent_type, field_name) || raise(GraphQL::Error, "No field definition found for #{@parent_type.to_type_signature}.#{ast_node.name} (at #{@ast_node.position})")
+        set_current_field
+        @arguments, errors = @runner.input_values[query].argument_values(@field_definition, @ast_node.arguments, self) # rubocop:disable Development/ContextIsPassedCop
+        if errors
+          build_errors_result(errors, nil)
+          return
+        end
+
+        if (@pending_steps.nil? || @pending_steps.size == 0) &&
+            @field_results.nil? # Make sure the arguments flow didn't already call through
+          execute_field
+        end
+      ensure
+        set_current_field(nil)
+      end
+
+      # Used for compatibility in Schema::Subscription
+      def arguments_without_loads
+        if @arguments_without_loads.nil?
+          @arguments_without_loads, _errors = @runner.input_values[@selections_step.query].argument_values(@field_definition, ast_node.arguments, nil)
+        end
+        @arguments_without_loads
+      end
+
+      def execute_field
+        objects = @selections_step.objects
+        if @arguments.is_a?(GraphQL::RuntimeError)
+          build_errors_result(nil, @arguments)
+          return
+        end
+
+        @results = @selections_step.results
+        query = @selections_step.query
+        ctx = query.context
+        if (v = @field_definition.validators).any?  # rubocop:disable Development/NoneWithoutBlockCop
+          begin
+            Schema::Validator.validate!(v, nil, ctx, @arguments)
+          rescue GraphQL::RuntimeError => err
+            build_errors_result(nil, err)
+            return
+          end
+        end
+
+        @field_definition.extras.each do |extra|
+          case extra
+          when :lookahead
+            if @arguments.frozen?
+              @arguments = @arguments.dup
+            end
+            @arguments[:lookahead] = Execution::Lookahead.new(
+              query: query,
+              ast_nodes: ast_nodes,
+              field: @field_definition,
+            )
+          when :ast_node
+            if @arguments.frozen?
+              @arguments = @arguments.dup
+            end
+            @arguments[:ast_node] = ast_node
+          else
+            raise ArgumentError, "This `extra` isn't supported yet: #{extra.inspect}. Open an issue on GraphQL-Ruby to add compatibility for it."
+          end
+        end
+
+        if @field_definition.dynamic_introspection
+          objects = @selections_step.graphql_objects.map { |o| @field_definition.owner.wrap(o, ctx) }
+        end
+
+        if @runner.authorizes?(@field_definition, ctx)
+          authorized_objects = []
+          authorized_results = []
+          l = objects.size
+          i = 0
+          while i < l
+            o = objects[i]
+            err = nil
+            begin
+              field_authed = @field_definition.authorized?(o, @arguments, ctx)
+              if @runner.resolves_lazies && @runner.lazy?(field_authed)
+                # TODO batch this properly...
+                field_authed = sync(field_authed)
+              end
+            rescue GraphQL::UnauthorizedFieldError => field_auth_err
+              err = field_auth_err
+              err.field ||= @field_definition
+              field_authed = false
+            end
+
+            if field_authed
+              authorized_results << @results[i]
+              authorized_objects << o
+            else
+              begin
+                err ||= GraphQL::UnauthorizedFieldError.new(object: o, type: @parent_type, context: ctx, field: @field_definition)
+                new_obj = query.schema.unauthorized_field(err)
+                if !new_obj.nil?
+                  authorized_objects << new_obj
+                  authorized_results << @results[i]
+                end
+              rescue GraphQL::ExecutionError => exec_err
+                add_graphql_error(@results[i], key, exec_err)
+              end
+            end
+            i += 1
+          end
+
+          if authorized_objects.size == 0
+            return
+          end
+          @results = authorized_results
+        else
+          authorized_objects = objects
+        end
+
+        if @parent_type.default_relay? && authorized_objects.all? { |o| o.respond_to?(:was_authorized_by_scope_items?) && o.was_authorized_by_scope_items? }
+          @was_scoped = true
+        end
+
+        query.current_trace.begin_execute_field(@field_definition, authorized_objects, @arguments, query)
+
+        if @runner.uses_runtime_directives
+          if @ast_nodes.nil? || @ast_nodes.size == 1
+            directives = if !@ast_node.directives.empty?
+              @ast_node.directives
+            else
+              nil
+            end
+          else
+            directives = nil
+            @ast_nodes.each do |n|
+              if (d = n.directives).any? # rubocop:disable Development/NoneWithoutBlockCop
+                directives ||= []
+                directives.concat(d)
+              end
+            end
+          end
+
+          if directives
+            directives.each do |dir_node|
+              if (dir_defn = @runner.runtime_directives[dir_node.name])
+                dir_args, errors = @runner.input_values[query].argument_values(dir_defn, dir_node.arguments, self)  # rubocop:disable Development/ContextIsPassedCop
+                if errors
+                  @results.each { |r| r.delete(@key) }
+                  errors.each { |e| e.ast_node = dir_node }
+                  build_errors_result(errors, nil)
+                  return
+                else
+                  begin
+                    dir_defn.validate!(dir_args, query.context)
+                    if !(result = dir_defn.resolve_field(ast_nodes, @parent_type, field_definition, authorized_objects, dir_args, ctx)).nil?
+                      if result.is_a?(Finalizer)
+                        result.path = path
+                        @directive_finalizers ||= []
+                        @directive_finalizers << result
+                      end
+
+                      if result.is_a?(PostProcessor)
+                        @post_processors ||= []
+                        @post_processors << result
+                      end
+
+                      if result.is_a?(HaltExecution)
+                        @directive_finalizers&.each { |f|
+                          @selections_step.results.each { |r|  @runner.add_finalizer(query, r, key, f) }
+                        }
+                        return
+                      end
+                    end
+                  rescue GraphQL::RuntimeError => err
+                    err.ast_node = dir_node
+                    raise
+                  end
+                end
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        has_extensions = @field_definition.extensions.size > 0
+        if has_extensions
+          @extended = GraphQL::Schema::Field::ExtendedState.new(@arguments, authorized_objects)
+          @field_results = @field_definition.run_next_extensions_before_resolve(authorized_objects, @arguments, ctx, @extended) do |objs, args|
+            if (added_extras = @extended.added_extras)
+              args = args.dup
+              added_extras.each { |e| args.delete(e) }
+            end
+            resolve_batch(objs, ctx, args)
+          end
+          @finish_extension_idx = 0
+        else
+          @field_results = resolve_batch(authorized_objects, ctx, @arguments)
+        end
+
+        query.current_trace.end_execute_field(@field_definition, authorized_objects, @arguments, query, @field_results)
+
+        if any_lazy_results?
+          @runner.dataloader.lazy_at_depth(path.size, self)
+        elsif @pending_steps.nil? || @pending_steps.empty?
+          if has_extensions
+            finish_extensions
+          else
+            build_results
+          end
+        end
+      rescue GraphQL::ExecutionError => err
+        build_errors_result(nil, err)
+      rescue StandardError => stderr
+        begin
+          @selections_step.query.handle_or_reraise(stderr, field: @field_definition, arguments: @arguments, object: nil)
+        rescue GraphQL::ExecutionError => err
+          add_graphql_error(@results[0], key, err)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def any_lazy_results?
+        lazies = false
+        if @runner.resolves_lazies # TODO extract this
+          @field_results.each do |field_result|
+            if @runner.lazy?(field_result)
+              lazies = true
+              break
+            elsif field_result.is_a?(Array)
+              field_result.each do |inner_fr|
+                if @runner.lazy?(inner_fr)
+                  break lazies = true
+                end
+              end
+              if lazies
+                break
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        lazies
+      end
+
+      def finish_extensions
+        ctx = @selections_step.query.context
+        memos = @extended.memos || EmptyObjects::EMPTY_HASH
+        while ext = @field_definition.extensions[@finish_extension_idx]
+          # These two are hardcoded here because of how they need to interact with runtime metadata.
+          # It would probably be better
+          case ext
+          when Schema::Field::ConnectionExtension
+            conns = ctx.schema.connections
+            @field_results.map!.each_with_index do |value, idx|
+              object = @extended.object[idx]
+              conn = conns.populate_connection(@field_definition, object, value, @arguments, ctx)
+              if conn
+                conn.was_authorized_by_scope_items = @was_scoped
+              end
+              conn
+            rescue GraphQL::RuntimeError => err
+              err
+            end
+          when Schema::Field::ScopeExtension
+            if @was_scoped.nil?
+              if (rt = @field_definition.type.unwrap).respond_to?(:scope_items)
+                @was_scoped = true
+                @field_results.map! { |v| v.nil? ? v : rt.scope_items(v, ctx) }
+              else
+                @was_scoped = false
+              end
+            end
+          else
+            memo = memos[@finish_extension_idx]
+            @field_results = ext.after_resolve(objects: @extended.object, arguments: @extended.arguments, context: ctx, values: @field_results, memo: memo) # rubocop:disable Development/ContextIsPassedCop
+          end
+          @finish_extension_idx += 1
+          if any_lazy_results?
+            @runner.dataloader.lazy_at_depth(path.size, self)
+            return
+          end
+        end
+
+        @finish_extension_idx = nil
+        build_results
+      end
+
+      def build_results
+        return_type = @field_definition.type
+        return_result_type = return_type.unwrap
+
+        @post_processors&.each do |post_processor|
+          @field_results = post_processor.after_resolve(@field_results)
+        end
+
+        if return_result_type.kind.composite?
+          @static_type = return_result_type
+          if @ast_nodes
+            @next_selections = []
+            @ast_nodes.each do |ast_node|
+              @next_selections.concat(ast_node.selections)
+            end
+          else
+            @next_selections = @ast_node.selections
+          end
+
+          @all_next_objects = []
+          @all_next_results = []
+
+          is_list = return_type.list?
+          is_non_null = return_type.non_null?
+          i = 0
+          s = @results.size
+          while i < s do
+            result_h = @results[i]
+            result = @field_results[i]
+            i += 1
+            build_graphql_result(result_h, @key, result, return_type, is_non_null, is_list, false)
+          end
+          @enqueued_authorization = true
+
+          if @pending_steps.nil? || @pending_steps.size == 0
+            enqueue_next_steps
+          else
+            # Do nothing -- it will enqueue itself later
+          end
+        else
+          ctx = @selections_step.query.context
+          i = 0
+          s = @results.size
+          while i < s do
+            result_h = @results[i]
+            field_result = @field_results[i]
+            i += 1
+            finish_leaf_result(result_h, @key, field_result, return_type, ctx)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def finish_leaf_result(result_h, key, field_result, return_type, ctx)
+        final_field_result = build_leaf_result(result_h, key, field_result, return_type, ctx, false)
+
+        @directive_finalizers&.each { |f| @runner.add_finalizer(ctx.query, result_h, key, f) }
+        result_h[@key] = final_field_result
+      end
+
+      def build_leaf_result(result_h, result_key, field_result, return_type, ctx, is_from_array)
+        if field_result.nil?
+          if return_type.non_null?
+            add_non_null_error(is_from_array)
+          else
+            nil
+          end
+        elsif field_result.is_a?(Finalizer)
+          if field_result.is_a?(GraphQL::RuntimeError)
+            add_graphql_error(result_h, result_key, field_result, return_type: return_type)
+          else
+            field_result.path = path
+            @runner.add_finalizer(ctx.query, result_h, key, field_result)
+          end
+        elsif return_type.list?
+          if return_type.non_null?
+            return_type = return_type.of_type
+          end
+
+          inner_type = return_type.of_type
+          result_a = Array.new(field_result.size)
+          field_result.each_with_index do |item, idx|
+            result_a[idx] = build_leaf_result(result_a, idx, item, inner_type, ctx, true)
+          end
+          result_a
+        else
+          return_type.coerce_result(field_result, ctx)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def enqueue_next_steps
+        if !@all_next_results.empty?
+          @all_next_objects.compact!
+
+          query = @selections_step.query
+          ctx = query.context
+          if @static_type.kind.abstract?
+            next_objects_by_type = Hash.new { |h, obj_t| h[obj_t] = [] }.compare_by_identity
+            next_results_by_type = Hash.new { |h, obj_t| h[obj_t] = [] }.compare_by_identity
+
+            @all_next_objects.each_with_index do |next_object, i|
+              result = @all_next_results[i]
+              if (object_type = @runner.runtime_type_at[result])
+                # OK
+              else
+                query.current_trace.begin_resolve_type(@static_type, next_object, query.context)
+                object_type = ResolveTypeStep.resolve_type(@static_type, next_object, query)
+                if object_type.is_a?(Array)
+                  object_type, next_object = object_type
+                end
+                if @runner.resolves_lazies && @runner.lazy?(object_type)
+                  # TODO batch this
+                  object_type, next_object = sync(object_type)
+                end
+                ResolveTypeStep.assert_valid_resolved_type(@static_type, object_type, next_object, self)
+                query.current_trace.end_resolve_type(@static_type, next_object, query.context, object_type)
+                @runner.runtime_type_at[result] = object_type
+              end
+              next_objects_by_type[object_type] << next_object
+              next_results_by_type[object_type] << result
+            end
+
+            next_objects_by_type.each do |obj_type, next_objects|
+              query.current_trace.objects(obj_type, next_objects, ctx)
+              @runner.add_step(SelectionsStep.new(
+                path: path,
+                field_resolve_step: self,
+                parent_type: obj_type,
+                selections: @next_selections,
+                objects: next_objects,
+                results: next_results_by_type[obj_type],
+                runner: @runner,
+                query: query,
+              ))
+            end
+          else
+            query.current_trace.objects(@static_type, @all_next_objects, ctx)
+            @runner.add_step(SelectionsStep.new(
+              path: path,
+              field_resolve_step: self,
+              parent_type: @static_type,
+              selections: @next_selections,
+              objects: @all_next_objects,
+              results: @all_next_results,
+              runner: @runner,
+              query: query,
+            ))
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def authorized_finished(step)
+        @pending_steps.delete(step)
+        if @enqueued_authorization && @pending_steps.size == 0
+          @runner.add_step(self)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def add_non_null_error(is_from_array)
+        err = @parent_type::InvalidNullError.new(@parent_type, @field_definition, ast_nodes, is_from_array: is_from_array, path: path)
+        nn_result = @runner.schema.type_error(err, @selections_step.query.context)
+        if nn_result.nil?
+          propagate_nulls
+        end
+        nn_result
+      end
+
+      def set_current_field(new_value = @field_definition)
+        Fiber[:__graphql_current_field] = new_value
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def build_graphql_result(graphql_result, key, field_result, return_type, is_nn, is_list, is_from_array) # rubocop:disable Metrics/ParameterLists
+        if field_result.nil?
+          if is_nn
+            graphql_result[key] = add_non_null_error(is_from_array)
+          else
+            graphql_result[key] = nil
+          end
+        elsif field_result.is_a?(Finalizer)
+          graphql_result[key] = if field_result.is_a?(GraphQL::RuntimeError)
+            add_graphql_error(graphql_result, key, field_result)
+          else
+            field_result.path = path
+            @runner.add_finalizer(@selections_step.query, graphql_result, key, field_result)
+            field_result
+          end
+        elsif is_list
+          if is_nn
+            return_type = return_type.of_type
+          end
+          inner_type = return_type.of_type
+          inner_type_nn = inner_type.non_null?
+          inner_type_l = inner_type.list?
+          list_result = graphql_result[key] = []
+          @directive_finalizers&.each { |f| @runner.add_finalizer(@selections_step.query, list_result, nil, f) }
+          i = 0
+          s = field_result.size
+          while i < s
+            inner_f_r = field_result[i]
+            build_graphql_result(list_result, i, inner_f_r, inner_type, inner_type_nn, inner_type_l, true)
+            i += 1
+          end
+        elsif @runner.resolves_lazies || (
+                @static_type.kind.object? ?
+                  @runner.authorizes?(@static_type, @selections_step.query.context) :
+                  (
+                    (runtime_type, _ignored_new_value = ResolveTypeStep.resolve_type(@static_type, field_result, @selections_step.query)) &&
+                    (@runner.runtime_type_at[graphql_result] = runtime_type) &&
+                    @runner.authorizes?(runtime_type, @selections_step.query.context)
+                  ))
+          obj_step = PrepareObjectStep.new(
+            object: field_result,
+            runner: @runner,
+            field_resolve_step: self,
+            graphql_result: graphql_result,
+            next_objects: @all_next_objects,
+            next_results: @all_next_results,
+            is_non_null: is_nn,
+            key: key,
+            is_from_array: is_from_array,
+          )
+          ps = @pending_steps ||= []
+          ps << obj_step
+          @runner.add_step(obj_step)
+        else
+          next_result_h = {}.compare_by_identity
+          @all_next_results << next_result_h
+          @directive_finalizers&.each { |f| @runner.add_finalizer(@selections_step.query, next_result_h, nil, f) }
+          @all_next_objects << field_result
+          @runner.static_type_at[next_result_h] = @static_type
+          graphql_result[key] = next_result_h
+        end
+      end
+
+      def resolve_batch(objects, context, args_hash)
+        dyn_ins = @field_definition.dynamic_introspection
+        method_receiver = dyn_ins ? @field_definition.owner : @parent_type
+        case @field_definition.execution_mode
+        when :resolve_batch
+          begin
+            method_receiver.public_send(@field_definition.execution_mode_key, objects, context, **args_hash)
+          rescue GraphQL::ExecutionError => exec_err
+            error_instance_array(objects.size, exec_err)
+          rescue StandardError => stderr
+            begin
+              context.query.handle_or_reraise(stderr, field: @field_definition, arguments: @arguments, object: nil)
+            rescue GraphQL::ExecutionError => exec_err
+              error_instance_array(objects.size, exec_err)
+            end
+          end
+        when :resolve_static
+          result = begin
+            method_receiver.public_send(@field_definition.execution_mode_key, context, **args_hash)
+          rescue GraphQL::ExecutionError => err
+            err
+          rescue StandardError => stderr
+            begin
+              context.query.handle_or_reraise(stderr, field: @field_definition, arguments: @arguments, object: nil)
+            rescue GraphQL::ExecutionError => err
+              err
+            end
+          end
+          Array.new(objects.size, result)
+        when :resolve_each
+          objects.map do |o|
+            passed_in_obj = dyn_ins ? o.object : o
+            method_receiver.public_send(@field_definition.execution_mode_key, passed_in_obj, context, **args_hash)
+          rescue GraphQL::ExecutionError => err
+            err
+          rescue StandardError => stderr
+            begin
+              context.query.handle_or_reraise(stderr, field: @field_definition, arguments: @arguments, object: o)
+            rescue GraphQL::ExecutionError => err
+              err
+            end
+          end
+        when :hash_key
+          k = @field_definition.execution_mode_key
+          objects.map { |o| o[k] }
+        when :direct_send
+          m = @field_definition.execution_mode_key
+          objects.map do |o|
+            o.public_send(m, **args_hash)
+          rescue GraphQL::ExecutionError => err
+            err
+          rescue StandardError => stderr
+            begin
+              @selections_step.query.handle_or_reraise(stderr, object: o, field: @field_definition, arguments: args_hash)
+            rescue GraphQL::ExecutionError => ex_err
+              ex_err
+            end
+          end
+        when :dig
+          objects.map { |o| o.dig(*@field_definition.execution_mode_key) }
+        when :dataload
+          k = @field_definition.execution_mode_key
+          results = if k.is_a?(Class)
+            context.dataload_all(k, objects)
+          elsif (source_class = k[:with])
+            if (batch_args = k[:by])
+              context.dataload_all(source_class, *batch_args, objects)
+            else
+              context.dataload_all(source_class, objects)
+            end
+          elsif (model = k[:model])
+            value_method = k[:using]
+            values = objects.map(&value_method)
+            context.dataload_all_records(model, values, find_by: k[:find_by])
+          elsif (assoc = k[:association])
+            if assoc == true
+              assoc = @field_definition.original_name
+            end
+            context.dataload_all_associations(objects, assoc, scope: k[:scope])
+          else
+            raise ArgumentError, "Unexpected `dataload: ...` configuration: #{k.inspect}"
+          end
+          method = k.is_a?(Hash) ? k[:method] : nil
+          if method
+            results.map { |r| r&.public_send(method) }
+          else
+            results
+          end
+        when :resolver_class
+          results = Array.new(objects.size, nil)
+          ps = @pending_steps ||= []
+          objects.each_with_index do |o, idx|
+            resolver_inst = @field_definition.resolver.new(object: o, context: context, field: @field_definition)
+            ps << resolver_inst
+            resolver_inst.field_resolve_step = self
+            resolver_inst.prepared_arguments = args_hash
+            resolver_inst.exec_result = results
+            resolver_inst.exec_index = idx
+            @runner.add_step(resolver_inst)
+            resolver_inst
+          end
+          results
+        when :resolve_legacy_instance_method
+          @selections_step.graphql_objects.map do |obj_inst|
+            obj_inst.public_send(@field_definition.execution_mode_key, **args_hash)
+          rescue GraphQL::ExecutionError => exec_err
+            exec_err
+          end
+        else
+          raise "Batching execution for #{path} not implemented (execution_mode: #{@execution_mode.inspect}); provide `resolve_static:`, `resolve_batch:`, `hash_key:`, `method:`, or use a compatibility plug-in"
+        end
+      end
+
+      def error_instance_array(size, err_prototype)
+        Array.new(size) { err_prototype.dup }
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end