graphql 1.12.16 → 1.13.2

data/lib/graphql/schema/object.rb

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ module GraphQL
     class Object < GraphQL::Schema::Member
       extend GraphQL::Schema::Member::AcceptsDefinition
       extend GraphQL::Schema::Member::HasFields
+      extend GraphQL::Schema::Member::HasInterfaces
 
       # @return [Object] the application object this type is wrapping
       attr_reader :object
@@ -103,84 +104,16 @@ module GraphQL
           super
         end
 
-        def implements(*new_interfaces, **options)
-          new_memberships = []
-          new_interfaces.each do |int|
-            if int.is_a?(Module)
-              unless int.include?(GraphQL::Schema::Interface)
-                raise "#{int} cannot be implemented since it's not a GraphQL Interface. Use `include` for plain Ruby modules."
-              end
-
-              new_memberships << int.type_membership_class.new(int, self, **options)
-
-              # Include the methods here,
-              # `.fields` will use the inheritance chain
-              # to find inherited fields
-              include(int)
-            elsif int.is_a?(GraphQL::InterfaceType)
-              new_memberships << int.type_membership_class.new(int, self, **options)
-            elsif int.is_a?(String) || int.is_a?(GraphQL::Schema::LateBoundType)
-              if options.any?
-                raise ArgumentError, "`implements(...)` doesn't support options with late-loaded types yet. Remove #{options} and open an issue to request this feature."
-              end
-              new_memberships << int
-            else
-              raise ArgumentError, "Unexpected interface definition (expected module): #{int} (#{int.class})"
-            end
-          end
-
-          # Remove any interfaces which are being replaced (late-bound types are updated in place this way)
-          own_interface_type_memberships.reject! { |old_i_m|
-            old_int_type = old_i_m.respond_to?(:abstract_type) ? old_i_m.abstract_type : old_i_m
-            old_name = Schema::Member::BuildType.to_type_name(old_int_type)
-
-            new_memberships.any? { |new_i_m|
-              new_int_type = new_i_m.respond_to?(:abstract_type) ? new_i_m.abstract_type : new_i_m
-              new_name = Schema::Member::BuildType.to_type_name(new_int_type)
-
-              new_name == old_name
-            }
-          }
-          own_interface_type_memberships.concat(new_memberships)
-        end
-
-        def own_interface_type_memberships
-          @own_interface_type_memberships ||= []
-        end
-
-        def interface_type_memberships
-          own_interface_type_memberships + (superclass.respond_to?(:interface_type_memberships) ? superclass.interface_type_memberships : [])
-        end
-
-        # param context [Query::Context] If omitted, skip filtering.
-        def interfaces(context = GraphQL::Query::NullContext)
-          visible_interfaces = []
-          unfiltered = context == GraphQL::Query::NullContext
-          own_interface_type_memberships.each do |type_membership|
-            # During initialization, `type_memberships` can hold late-bound types
-            case type_membership
-            when String, Schema::LateBoundType
-              visible_interfaces << type_membership
-            when Schema::TypeMembership
-              if unfiltered || type_membership.visible?(context)
-                visible_interfaces << type_membership.abstract_type
-              end
-            else
-              raise "Invariant: Unexpected type_membership #{type_membership.class}: #{type_membership.inspect}"
-            end
-          end
-          visible_interfaces + (superclass <= GraphQL::Schema::Object ? superclass.interfaces(context) : [])
-        end
-
         # @return [Hash<String => GraphQL::Schema::Field>] All of this object's fields, indexed by name
         # @see get_field A faster way to find one field by name ({#fields} merges hashes of inherited fields; {#get_field} just looks up one field.)
-        def fields
+        def fields(context = GraphQL::Query::NullContext)
           all_fields = super
+          # This adds fields from legacy-style interfaces only.
+          # Multi-fields are not supported here.
           interfaces.each do |int|
-            # Include legacy-style interfaces, too
             if int.is_a?(GraphQL::InterfaceType)
               int_f = {}
-              int.fields.each do |name, legacy_field|
+              int.fields.each do |name, legacy_field| # rubocop:disable Development/ContextIsPassedCop -- legacy-related
                 int_f[name] = field_class.from_options(name, field: legacy_field)
               end
               all_fields = int_f.merge(all_fields)
@@ -189,6 +122,8 @@ module GraphQL
           all_fields
         end
 
+        prepend Schema::Member::CachedGraphQLDefinition::DeprecatedToGraphQL
+
         # @return [GraphQL::ObjectType]
         def to_graphql
           obj_type = GraphQL::ObjectType.new
@@ -198,9 +133,9 @@ module GraphQL
           obj_type.introspection = introspection
           obj_type.mutation = mutation
           obj_type.ast_node = ast_node
-          fields.each do |field_name, field_inst|
-            field_defn = field_inst.to_graphql
-            obj_type.fields[field_defn.name] = field_defn
+          fields.each do |field_name, field_inst| # rubocop:disable Development/ContextIsPassedCop -- legacy-related
+            field_defn = field_inst.to_graphql(silence_deprecation_warning: true)
+            obj_type.fields[field_defn.name] = field_defn # rubocop:disable Development/ContextIsPassedCop -- legacy-related
           end
 
           obj_type.metadata[:type_class] = self

data/lib/graphql/schema/printer.rb

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ module GraphQL
       def self.print_introspection_schema
         query_root = Class.new(GraphQL::Schema::Object) do
           graphql_name "Root"
-          field :throwaway_field, String, null: true
+          field :throwaway_field, String
         end
         schema = Class.new(GraphQL::Schema) { query(query_root) }
 

data/lib/graphql/schema/relay_classic_mutation.rb

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ module GraphQL
     #
     class RelayClassicMutation < GraphQL::Schema::Mutation
       # The payload should always include this field
-      field(:client_mutation_id, String, "A unique identifier for the client performing the mutation.", null: true)
+      field(:client_mutation_id, String, "A unique identifier for the client performing the mutation.")
       # Relay classic default:
       null(true)
 
@@ -81,6 +81,31 @@ module GraphQL
       end
 
       class << self
+
+        # Also apply this argument to the input type:
+        def argument(*args, **kwargs, &block)
+          it = input_type # make sure any inherited arguments are already added to it
+          arg = super
+
+          # This definition might be overriding something inherited;
+          # if it is, remove the inherited definition so it's not confused at runtime as having multiple definitions
+          prev_args = it.own_arguments[arg.graphql_name]
+          case prev_args
+          when GraphQL::Schema::Argument
+            if prev_args.owner != self
+              it.own_arguments.delete(arg.graphql_name)
+            end
+          when Array
+            prev_args.reject! { |a| a.owner != self }
+            if prev_args.empty?
+              it.own_arguments.delete(arg.graphql_name)
+            end
+          end
+
+          it.add_argument(arg)
+          arg
+        end
+
         # The base class for generated input object types
         # @param new_class [Class] The base class to use for generating input object definitions
         # @return [Class] The base class for this mutation's generated input object (default is {GraphQL::Schema::InputObject})
@@ -115,20 +140,29 @@ module GraphQL
         # To customize how input objects are generated, override this method
         # @return [Class] a subclass of {.input_object_class}
         def generate_input_type
-          mutation_args = arguments
+          mutation_args = all_argument_definitions
           mutation_name = graphql_name
           mutation_class = self
           Class.new(input_object_class) do
             graphql_name("#{mutation_name}Input")
             description("Autogenerated input type of #{mutation_name}")
             mutation(mutation_class)
-            mutation_args.each do |_name, arg|
+            # these might be inherited:
+            mutation_args.each do |arg|
               add_argument(arg)
             end
             argument :client_mutation_id, String, "A unique identifier for the client performing the mutation.", required: false
           end
         end
       end
+
+      private
+
+      def authorize_arguments(args, values)
+        # remove the `input` wrapper to match values
+        input_args = args["input"].type.unwrap.arguments(context)
+        super(input_args, values)
+      end
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/graphql/schema/resolver/has_payload_type.rb

@@ -38,6 +38,9 @@ module GraphQL
         # @return [Class]
         def object_class(new_class = nil)
           if new_class
+            if defined?(@payload_type)
+              raise "Can't configure `object_class(...)` after the payload type has already been initialized. Move this configuration higher up the class definition."
+            end
             @object_class = new_class
           else
             @object_class || find_inherited_value(:object_class, GraphQL::Schema::Object)
@@ -46,6 +49,28 @@ module GraphQL
 
         NO_INTERFACES = [].freeze
 
+        def field(*args, **kwargs, &block)
+          pt = payload_type # make sure it's initialized with any inherited fields
+          field_defn = super
+
+          # Remove any inherited fields to avoid false conflicts at runtime
+          prev_fields = pt.own_fields[field_defn.graphql_name]
+          case prev_fields
+          when GraphQL::Schema::Field
+            if prev_fields.owner != self
+              pt.own_fields.delete(field_defn.graphql_name)
+            end
+          when Array
+            prev_fields.reject! { |f| f.owner != self }
+            if prev_fields.empty?
+              pt.own_fields.delete(field_defn.graphql_name)
+            end
+          end
+
+          pt.add_field(field_defn, method_conflict_warning: false)
+          field_defn
+        end
+
         private
 
         # Build a subclass of {.object_class} based on `self`.
@@ -53,11 +78,11 @@ module GraphQL
         # Override this hook to customize return type generation.
         def generate_payload_type
           resolver_name = graphql_name
-          resolver_fields = fields
+          resolver_fields = all_field_definitions
           Class.new(object_class) do
             graphql_name("#{resolver_name}Payload")
             description("Autogenerated return type of #{resolver_name}")
-            resolver_fields.each do |name, f|
+            resolver_fields.each do |f|
               # Reattach the already-defined field here
               # (The field's `.owner` will still point to the mutation, not the object type, I think)
               # Don't re-warn about a method conflict. Since this type is generated, it should be fixed in the resolver instead.

data/lib/graphql/schema/resolver.rb

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ module GraphQL
       include Schema::Member::HasPath
       extend Schema::Member::HasPath
 
-      # @param object [Object] the initialize object, pass to {Query.initialize} as `root_value`
+      # @param object [Object] The application object that this field is being resolved on
       # @param context [GraphQL::Query::Context]
       # @param field [GraphQL::Schema::Field]
       def initialize(object:, context:, field:)
@@ -37,10 +37,9 @@ module GraphQL
         @field = field
         # Since this hash is constantly rebuilt, cache it for this call
         @arguments_by_keyword = {}
-        self.class.arguments.each do |name, arg|
+        self.class.arguments(context).each do |name, arg|
           @arguments_by_keyword[arg.keyword] = arg
         end
-        @arguments_loads_as_type = self.class.arguments_loads_as_type
         @prepared_arguments = nil
       end
 
@@ -110,7 +109,7 @@ module GraphQL
                     public_send(self.class.resolve_method)
                   end
                 else
-                  nil
+                  raise GraphQL::UnauthorizedFieldError.new(context: context, object: object, type: field.owner, field: field)
                 end
               end
             end
@@ -146,7 +145,25 @@ module GraphQL
       # @raise [GraphQL::UnauthorizedError] To signal an authorization failure
       # @return [Boolean, early_return_data] If `false`, execution will stop (and `early_return_data` will be returned instead, if present.)
       def authorized?(**inputs)
-        self.class.arguments.each_value do |argument|
+        arg_owner = @field # || self.class
+        args = arg_owner.arguments(context)
+        authorize_arguments(args, inputs)
+      end
+
+      # Called when an object loaded by `loads:` fails the `.authorized?` check for its resolved GraphQL object type.
+      #
+      # By default, the error is re-raised and passed along to {{Schema.unauthorized_object}}.
+      #
+      # Any value returned here will be used _instead of_ of the loaded object.
+      # @param err [GraphQL::UnauthorizedError]
+      def unauthorized_object(err)
+        raise err
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def authorize_arguments(args, inputs)
+        args.each_value do |argument|
           arg_keyword = argument.keyword
           if inputs.key?(arg_keyword) && !(arg_value = inputs[arg_keyword]).nil? && (arg_value != argument.default_value)
             arg_auth, err = argument.authorized?(self, arg_value, context)
@@ -161,8 +178,6 @@ module GraphQL
         end
       end
 
-      private
-
       def load_arguments(args)
         prepared_args = {}
         prepare_lazies = []
@@ -170,18 +185,14 @@ module GraphQL
         args.each do |key, value|
           arg_defn = @arguments_by_keyword[key]
           if arg_defn
-            if value.nil?
-              prepared_args[key] = value
-            else
-              prepped_value = prepared_args[key] = load_argument(key, value)
-              if context.schema.lazy?(prepped_value)
-                prepare_lazies << context.schema.after_lazy(prepped_value) do |finished_prepped_value|
-                  prepared_args[key] = finished_prepped_value
-                end
+            prepped_value = prepared_args[key] = arg_defn.load_and_authorize_value(self, value, context)
+            if context.schema.lazy?(prepped_value)
+              prepare_lazies << context.schema.after_lazy(prepped_value) do |finished_prepped_value|
+                prepared_args[key] = finished_prepped_value
               end
             end
           else
-            # These are `extras: [...]`
+            # these are `extras:`
             prepared_args[key] = value
           end
         end
@@ -194,8 +205,8 @@ module GraphQL
         end
       end
 
-      def load_argument(name, value)
-        public_send("load_#{name}", value)
+      def get_argument(name, context = GraphQL::Query::NullContext)
+        self.class.get_argument(name, context)
       end
 
       class << self
@@ -218,8 +229,10 @@ module GraphQL
           own_extras + (superclass.respond_to?(:extras) ? superclass.extras : [])
         end
 
-        # Specifies whether or not the field is nullable. Defaults to `true`
-        # TODO unify with {#type}
+        # If `true` (default), then the return type for this resolver will be nullable.
+        # If `false`, then the return type is non-null.
+        #
+        # @see #type which sets the return type of this field and accepts a `null:` option
         # @param allow_null [Boolean] Whether or not the response can be null
         def null(allow_null = nil)
           if !allow_null.nil?
@@ -298,13 +311,27 @@ module GraphQL
         end
 
         def field_options
+
+          all_args = {}
+          all_argument_definitions.each do |arg|
+            if (prev_entry = all_args[arg.graphql_name])
+              if prev_entry.is_a?(Array)
+                prev_entry << arg
+              else
+                all_args[arg.graphql_name] = [prev_entry, arg]
+              end
+            else
+              all_args[arg.graphql_name] = arg
+            end
+          end
+
           field_opts = {
             type: type_expr,
             description: description,
             extras: extras,
             resolver_method: :resolve_with_support,
             resolver_class: self,
-            arguments: arguments,
+            arguments: all_args,
             null: null,
             complexity: complexity,
             broadcastable: broadcastable?,
@@ -332,47 +359,9 @@ module GraphQL
         # also add some preparation hook methods which will be used for this argument
         # @see {GraphQL::Schema::Argument#initialize} for the signature
         def argument(*args, **kwargs, &block)
-          loads = kwargs[:loads]
           # Use `from_resolver: true` to short-circuit the InputObject's own `loads:` implementation
           # so that we can support `#load_{x}` methods below.
-          arg_defn = super(*args, from_resolver: true, **kwargs)
-          own_arguments_loads_as_type[arg_defn.keyword] = loads if loads
-
-          if !method_defined?(:"load_#{arg_defn.keyword}")
-            if loads && arg_defn.type.list?
-              class_eval <<-RUBY, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
-              def load_#{arg_defn.keyword}(values)
-                argument = @arguments_by_keyword[:#{arg_defn.keyword}]
-                lookup_as_type = @arguments_loads_as_type[:#{arg_defn.keyword}]
-                context.schema.after_lazy(values) do |values2|
-                  GraphQL::Execution::Lazy.all(values2.map { |value| load_application_object(argument, lookup_as_type, value, context) })
-                end
-              end
-              RUBY
-            elsif loads
-              class_eval <<-RUBY, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
-              def load_#{arg_defn.keyword}(value)
-                argument = @arguments_by_keyword[:#{arg_defn.keyword}]
-                lookup_as_type = @arguments_loads_as_type[:#{arg_defn.keyword}]
-                load_application_object(argument, lookup_as_type, value, context)
-              end
-              RUBY
-            else
-              class_eval <<-RUBY, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
-              def load_#{arg_defn.keyword}(value)
-                value
-              end
-              RUBY
-            end
-          end
-
-          arg_defn
-        end
-
-        # @api private
-        def arguments_loads_as_type
-          inherited_lookups = superclass.respond_to?(:arguments_loads_as_type) ? superclass.arguments_loads_as_type : {}
-          inherited_lookups.merge(own_arguments_loads_as_type)
+          super(*args, from_resolver: true, **kwargs)
         end
 
         # Registers new extension
@@ -408,10 +397,6 @@ module GraphQL
         def own_extensions
           @own_extensions
         end
-
-        def own_arguments_loads_as_type
-          @own_arguments_loads_as_type ||= {}
-        end
       end
     end
   end

data/lib/graphql/schema/scalar.rb

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ module GraphQL
           val
         end
 
+        prepend Schema::Member::CachedGraphQLDefinition::DeprecatedToGraphQL
+
         def to_graphql
           type_defn = GraphQL::ScalarType.new
           type_defn.name = graphql_name

data/lib/graphql/schema/subscription.rb

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ module GraphQL
     class Subscription < GraphQL::Schema::Resolver
       extend GraphQL::Schema::Resolver::HasPayloadType
       extend GraphQL::Schema::Member::HasFields
-
+      NO_UPDATE = :no_update
       # The generated payload type is required; If there's no payload,
       # propagate null.
       null false
@@ -58,11 +58,9 @@ module GraphQL
         end
       end
 
-      # Default implementation returns the root object.
+      # The default implementation returns nothing on subscribe.
       # Override it to return an object or
-      # `:no_response` to return nothing.
-      #
-      # The default is `:no_response`.
+      # `:no_response` to (explicitly) return nothing.
       def subscribe(args = {})
         :no_response
       end
@@ -70,7 +68,7 @@ module GraphQL
       # Wrap the user-provided `#update` hook
       def resolve_update(**args)
         ret_val = args.any? ? update(**args) : update
-        if ret_val == :no_update
+        if ret_val == NO_UPDATE
           context.namespace(:subscriptions)[:no_update] = true
           context.skip
         else
@@ -79,7 +77,7 @@ module GraphQL
       end
 
       # The default implementation returns the root object.
-      # Override it to return `:no_update` if you want to
+      # Override it to return {NO_UPDATE} if you want to
       # skip updates sometimes. Or override it to return a different object.
       def update(args = {})
         object
@@ -105,10 +103,12 @@ module GraphQL
       # Call this method to provide a new subscription_scope; OR
       # call it without an argument to get the subscription_scope
       # @param new_scope [Symbol]
+      # @param optional [Boolean] If true, then don't require `scope:` to be provided to updates to this subscription.
       # @return [Symbol]
-      def self.subscription_scope(new_scope = READING_SCOPE)
+      def self.subscription_scope(new_scope = READING_SCOPE, optional: false)
         if new_scope != READING_SCOPE
           @subscription_scope = new_scope
+          @subscription_scope_optional = optional
         elsif defined?(@subscription_scope)
           @subscription_scope
         else
@@ -116,6 +116,14 @@ module GraphQL
         end
       end
 
+      def self.subscription_scope_optional?
+        if defined?(@subscription_scope_optional)
+          @subscription_scope_optional
+        else
+          find_inherited_value(:subscription_scope_optional, false)
+        end
+      end
+
       # This is called during initial subscription to get a "name" for this subscription.
       # Later, when `.trigger` is called, this will be called again to build another "name".
       # Any subscribers with matching topic will begin the update flow.
@@ -124,7 +132,7 @@ module GraphQL
       # In that implementation, only `.trigger` calls with _exact matches_ result in updates to subscribers.
       #
       # To implement a filtered stream-type subscription flow, override this method to return a string with field name and subscription scope.
-      # Then, implement {#update} to compare its arguments to the current `object` and return `:no_update` when an
+      # Then, implement {#update} to compare its arguments to the current `object` and return {NO_UPDATE} when an
       # update should be filtered out.
       #
       # @see {#update} for how to skip updates when an event comes with a matching topic.

data/lib/graphql/schema/traversal.rb

@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ Some late-bound types couldn't be resolved:
           end
         when Class
           if member.respond_to?(:graphql_definition)
-            graphql_member = member.graphql_definition
+            graphql_member = member.graphql_definition(silence_deprecation_warning: true)
             visit(schema, graphql_member, context_description)
           else
             raise GraphQL::Schema::InvalidTypeError.new("Unexpected traversal member: #{member} (#{member.class.name})")

data/lib/graphql/schema/type_expression.rb

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ module GraphQL
       def self.build_type(type_owner, ast_node)
         case ast_node
         when GraphQL::Language::Nodes::TypeName
-          type_owner.get_type(ast_node.name)
+          type_owner.get_type(ast_node.name) # rubocop:disable Development/ContextIsPassedCop -- this is a `context` or `warden`, it's already query-aware
         when GraphQL::Language::Nodes::NonNullType
           ast_inner_type = ast_node.of_type
           inner_type = build_type(type_owner, ast_inner_type)

data/lib/graphql/schema/type_membership.rb

@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ module GraphQL
   class Schema
     # This class joins an object type to an abstract type (interface or union) of which
     # it is a member.
-    #
-    # TODO: Not yet implemented for interfaces.
     class TypeMembership
       # @return [Class<GraphQL::Schema::Object>]
       attr_accessor :object_type
@@ -26,9 +24,25 @@ module GraphQL
       end
 
       # @return [Boolean] if false, {#object_type} will be treated as _not_ a member of {#abstract_type}
-      def visible?(_ctx)
-        true
+      def visible?(ctx)
+        warden = Warden.from_context(ctx)
+        (@object_type.respond_to?(:visible?) ? warden.visible_type?(@object_type, ctx) : true) &&
+          (@abstract_type.respond_to?(:visible?) ? warden.visible_type?(@abstract_type, ctx) : true)
       end
+
+      def graphql_name
+        "#{@object_type.graphql_name}.#{@abstract_type.kind.interface? ? "implements" : "belongsTo" }.#{@abstract_type.graphql_name}"
+      end
+
+      def path
+        graphql_name
+      end
+
+      def inspect
+        "#<#{self.class} #{@object_type.inspect} => #{@abstract_type.inspect}>"
+      end
+
+      alias :type_class :itself
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/graphql/schema/union.rb

@@ -19,8 +19,9 @@ module GraphQL
             end
           else
             visible_types = []
+            warden = Warden.from_context(context)
             type_memberships.each do |type_membership|
-              if type_membership.visible?(context)
+              if warden.visible_type_membership?(type_membership, context)
                 visible_types << type_membership.object_type
               end
             end
@@ -28,6 +29,12 @@ module GraphQL
           end
         end
 
+        def all_possible_types
+          type_memberships.map(&:object_type)
+        end
+
+        prepend GraphQL::Schema::Member::CachedGraphQLDefinition::DeprecatedToGraphQL
+
         def to_graphql
           type_defn = GraphQL::UnionType.new
           type_defn.name = graphql_name

data/lib/graphql/schema/validator/allow_blank_validator.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module GraphQL
+  class Schema
+    class Validator
+      # Use this to specifically reject values that respond to `.blank?` and respond truthy for that method.
+      #
+      # @example Require a non-empty string for an argument
+      #   argument :name, String, required: true, validate: { allow_blank: false }
+      class AllowBlankValidator < Validator
+        def initialize(allow_blank_positional, allow_blank: nil, message: "%{validated} can't be blank", **default_options)
+          @message = message
+          super(**default_options)
+          @allow_blank = allow_blank.nil? ? allow_blank_positional : allow_blank
+        end
+
+        def validate(_object, _context, value)
+          if value.respond_to?(:blank?) && value.blank?
+            if (value.nil? && @allow_null) || @allow_blank
+              # pass
+            else
+              @message
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/graphql/schema/validator/allow_null_validator.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module GraphQL
+  class Schema
+    class Validator
+      # Use this to specifically reject or permit `nil` values (given as `null` from GraphQL).
+      #
+      # @example require a non-null value for an argument if it is provided
+      #   argument :name, String, required: false, validates: { allow_null: false }
+      class AllowNullValidator < Validator
+        MESSAGE = "%{validated} can't be null"
+        def initialize(allow_null_positional, allow_null: nil, message: MESSAGE, **default_options)
+          @message = message
+          super(**default_options)
+          @allow_null = allow_null.nil? ? allow_null_positional : allow_null
+        end
+
+        def validate(_object, _context, value)
+          if value.nil? && !@allow_null
+            @message
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end