grape 2.0.0 → 2.2.0

data/lib/grape/dsl/inside_route.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
-require 'grape/dsl/headers'
-
 module Grape
   module DSL
     module InsideRoute
@@ -31,11 +29,17 @@ module Grape
           options = options.reverse_merge(include_missing: true, include_parent_namespaces: true, evaluate_given: false)
           declared_params ||= optioned_declared_params(**options)
 
-          if passed_params.is_a?(Array)
-            declared_array(passed_params, options, declared_params, params_nested_path)
-          else
-            declared_hash(passed_params, options, declared_params, params_nested_path)
+          res = if passed_params.is_a?(Array)
+                  declared_array(passed_params, options, declared_params, params_nested_path)
+                else
+                  declared_hash(passed_params, options, declared_params, params_nested_path)
+                end
+
+          if (key_maps = namespace_stackable(:contract_key_map))
+            key_maps.each { |key_map| key_map.write(passed_params, res) }
           end
+
+          res
         end
 
         private
@@ -99,7 +103,7 @@ module Grape
 
           route_options_params = options[:route_options][:params] || {}
           type = route_options_params.dig(key, :type)
-          has_children = route_options_params.keys.any? { |k| k != key && k.start_with?(key) }
+          has_children = route_options_params.keys.any? { |k| k != key && k.start_with?("#{key}[") }
 
           if type == 'Hash' && !has_children
             {}
@@ -159,12 +163,37 @@ module Grape
       # end user with the specified message.
       #
       # @param message [String] The message to display.
-      # @param status [Integer] the HTTP Status Code. Defaults to default_error_status, 500 if not set.
+      # @param status [Integer] The HTTP Status Code. Defaults to default_error_status, 500 if not set.
       # @param additional_headers [Hash] Addtional headers for the response.
-      def error!(message, status = nil, additional_headers = nil)
-        self.status(status || namespace_inheritable(:default_error_status))
+      # @param backtrace [Array<String>] The backtrace of the exception that caused the error.
+      # @param original_exception [Exception] The original exception that caused the error.
+      def error!(message, status = nil, additional_headers = nil, backtrace = nil, original_exception = nil)
+        status = self.status(status || namespace_inheritable(:default_error_status))
         headers = additional_headers.present? ? header.merge(additional_headers) : header
-        throw :error, message: message, status: self.status, headers: headers
+        throw :error,
+              message: message,
+              status: status,
+              headers: headers,
+              backtrace: backtrace,
+              original_exception: original_exception
+      end
+
+      # Creates a Rack response based on the provided message, status, and headers.
+      # The content type in the headers is set to the default content type unless provided.
+      # The message is HTML-escaped if the content type is 'text/html'.
+      #
+      # @param message [String] The content of the response.
+      # @param status [Integer] The HTTP status code.
+      # @params headers [Hash] (optional) Headers for the response
+      #                      (default: {Rack::CONTENT_TYPE => content_type}).
+      #
+      # Returns:
+      # A Rack::Response object containing the specified message, status, and headers.
+      #
+      def rack_response(message, status = 200, headers = { Rack::CONTENT_TYPE => content_type })
+        Grape.deprecator.warn('The rack_response method has been deprecated, use error! instead.')
+        message = Rack::Utils.escape_html(message) if headers[Rack::CONTENT_TYPE] == 'text/html'
+        Rack::Response.new(Array.wrap(message), Rack::Utils.status_code(status), headers)
       end
 
       # Redirect to a new url.
@@ -178,7 +207,7 @@ module Grape
         if permanent
           status 301
           body_message ||= "This resource has been moved permanently to #{url}."
-        elsif env[Grape::Http::Headers::HTTP_VERSION] == 'HTTP/1.1' && request.request_method.to_s.upcase != Grape::Http::Headers::GET
+        elsif http_version == 'HTTP/1.1' && !request.get?
           status 303
           body_message ||= "An alternate resource is located at #{url}."
         else
@@ -204,10 +233,9 @@ module Grape
         when nil
           return @status if instance_variable_defined?(:@status) && @status
 
-          case request.request_method.to_s.upcase
-          when Grape::Http::Headers::POST
+          if request.post?
             201
-          when Grape::Http::Headers::DELETE
+          elsif request.delete?
             if instance_variable_defined?(:@body) && @body.present?
               200
             else
@@ -436,6 +464,14 @@ module Grape
         embeds[:version] = env[Grape::Env::API_VERSION] if env.key?(Grape::Env::API_VERSION)
         entity_class.represent(object, **embeds.merge(options))
       end
+
+      def http_version
+        env['HTTP_VERSION'] || env[Rack::SERVER_PROTOCOL]
+      end
+
+      def context
+        self
+      end
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/grape/dsl/parameters.rb

@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ module Grape
 
         opts = attrs.extract_options!.clone
         opts[:presence] = { value: true, message: opts[:message] }
-        opts = @group.merge(opts) if instance_variable_defined?(:@group) && @group
+        opts = @group.deep_merge(opts) if instance_variable_defined?(:@group) && @group
 
         if opts[:using]
           require_required_and_optional_fields(attrs.first, opts)
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ module Grape
 
         opts = attrs.extract_options!.clone
         type = opts[:type]
-        opts = @group.merge(opts) if instance_variable_defined?(:@group) && @group
+        opts = @group.deep_merge(opts) if instance_variable_defined?(:@group) && @group
 
         # check type for optional parameter group
         if attrs && block
@@ -170,7 +170,8 @@ module Grape
       # @param (see #requires)
       # @option (see #requires)
       def with(*attrs, &block)
-        new_group_scope(attrs.clone, &block)
+        new_group_attrs = [@group, attrs.clone.first].compact.reduce(&:deep_merge)
+        new_group_scope([new_group_attrs], &block)
       end
 
       # Disallow the given parameters to be present in the same request.
@@ -230,7 +231,7 @@ module Grape
 
       alias group requires
 
-      class EmptyOptionalValue; end
+      class EmptyOptionalValue; end # rubocop:disable Lint/EmptyClass
 
       def map_params(params, element, is_array = false)
         if params.is_a?(Array)

data/lib/grape/dsl/request_response.rb

@@ -17,18 +17,16 @@ module Grape
         # Specify the format for the API's serializers.
         # May be `:json`, `:xml`, `:txt`, etc.
         def format(new_format = nil)
-          if new_format
-            namespace_inheritable(:format, new_format.to_sym)
-            # define the default error formatters
-            namespace_inheritable(:default_error_formatter, Grape::ErrorFormatter.formatter_for(new_format, **{}))
-            # define a single mime type
-            mime_type = content_types[new_format.to_sym]
-            raise Grape::Exceptions::MissingMimeType.new(new_format) unless mime_type
-
-            namespace_stackable(:content_types, new_format.to_sym => mime_type)
-          else
-            namespace_inheritable(:format)
-          end
+          return namespace_inheritable(:format) unless new_format
+
+          symbolic_new_format = new_format.to_sym
+          namespace_inheritable(:format, symbolic_new_format)
+          namespace_inheritable(:default_error_formatter, Grape::ErrorFormatter.formatter_for(symbolic_new_format))
+
+          content_type = content_types[symbolic_new_format]
+          raise Grape::Exceptions::MissingMimeType.new(new_format) unless content_type
+
+          namespace_stackable(:content_types, symbolic_new_format => content_type)
         end
 
         # Specify a custom formatter for a content-type.
@@ -43,12 +41,10 @@ module Grape
 
         # Specify a default error formatter.
         def default_error_formatter(new_formatter_name = nil)
-          if new_formatter_name
-            new_formatter = Grape::ErrorFormatter.formatter_for(new_formatter_name, **{})
-            namespace_inheritable(:default_error_formatter, new_formatter)
-          else
-            namespace_inheritable(:default_error_formatter)
-          end
+          return namespace_inheritable(:default_error_formatter) unless new_formatter_name
+
+          new_formatter = Grape::ErrorFormatter.formatter_for(new_formatter_name)
+          namespace_inheritable(:default_error_formatter, new_formatter)
         end
 
         def error_formatter(format, options)

data/lib/grape/dsl/routing.rb

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ module Grape
           if args.any?
             options = args.extract_options!
             options = options.reverse_merge(using: :path)
-            requested_versions = args.flatten
+            requested_versions = args.flatten.map(&:to_s)
 
             raise Grape::Exceptions::MissingVendorOption.new if options[:using] == :header && !options.key?(:vendor)
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ module Grape
 
         # Define a root URL prefix for your entire API.
         def prefix(prefix = nil)
-          namespace_inheritable(:root_prefix, prefix)
+          namespace_inheritable(:root_prefix, prefix&.to_s)
         end
 
         # Create a scope without affecting the URL.
@@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ module Grape
           mounts = { mounts => '/' } unless mounts.respond_to?(:each_pair)
           mounts.each_pair do |app, path|
             if app.respond_to?(:mount_instance)
-              opts_with = opts.any? ? opts.shift[:with] : {}
-              mount({ app.mount_instance(configuration: opts_with) => path })
+              opts_with = opts.any? ? opts.first[:with] : {}
+              mount({ app.mount_instance(configuration: opts_with) => path }, *opts)
               next
             end
             in_setting = inheritable_setting
@@ -103,6 +103,15 @@ module Grape
               change!
             end
 
+            # When trying to mount multiple times the same endpoint, remove the previous ones
+            # from the list of endpoints if refresh_already_mounted parameter is true
+            refresh_already_mounted = opts.any? ? opts.first[:refresh_already_mounted] : false
+            if refresh_already_mounted && !endpoints.empty?
+              endpoints.delete_if do |endpoint|
+                endpoint.options[:app].to_s == app.to_s
+              end
+            end
+
             endpoints << Grape::Endpoint.new(
               in_setting,
               method: :any,
@@ -225,6 +234,13 @@ module Grape
         def versions
           @versions ||= []
         end
+
+        private
+
+        def refresh_mounted_api(mounts, *opts)
+          opts << { refresh_already_mounted: true }
+          mount(mounts, *opts)
+        end
       end
     end
   end

data/lib/grape/dsl/validations.rb

@@ -38,6 +38,19 @@ module Grape
         def params(&block)
           Grape::Validations::ParamsScope.new(api: self, type: Hash, &block)
         end
+
+        # Declare the contract to be used for the endpoint's parameters.
+        # @param contract [Class<Dry::Validation::Contract> | Dry::Schema::Processor]
+        #   The contract or schema to be used for validation. Optional.
+        # @yield a block yielding a new instance of Dry::Schema::Params
+        #   subclass, allowing to define the schema inline. When the
+        #   +contract+ parameter is a schema, it will be used as a parent. Optional.
+        def contract(contract = nil, &block)
+          raise ArgumentError, 'Either contract or block must be provided' unless contract || block
+          raise ArgumentError, 'Cannot inherit from contract, only schema' if block && contract.respond_to?(:schema)
+
+          Grape::Validations::ContractScope.new(self, contract, &block)
+        end
       end
     end
   end

data/lib/grape/endpoint.rb

@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ module Grape
     attr_reader :env, :request, :headers, :params
 
     class << self
-      def new(*args, &block)
-        self == Endpoint ? Class.new(Endpoint).new(*args, &block) : super
+      def new(...)
+        self == Endpoint ? Class.new(Endpoint).new(...) : super
       end
 
       def before_each(new_setup = false, &block)
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ module Grape
 
         proc do |endpoint_instance|
           ActiveSupport::Notifications.instrument('endpoint_render.grape', endpoint: endpoint_instance) do
-            method.bind(endpoint_instance).call
+            method.bind_call(endpoint_instance)
           end
         end
       end
@@ -114,10 +114,10 @@ module Grape
     # Update our settings from a given set of stackable parameters. Used when
     # the endpoint's API is mounted under another one.
     def inherit_settings(namespace_stackable)
-      inheritable_setting.route[:saved_validations] += namespace_stackable[:validations]
+      parent_validations = namespace_stackable[:validations]
+      inheritable_setting.route[:saved_validations].concat(parent_validations) if parent_validations.any?
       parent_declared_params = namespace_stackable[:declared_params]
-
-      inheritable_setting.route[:declared_params].concat(parent_declared_params.flatten) if parent_declared_params
+      inheritable_setting.route[:declared_params].concat(parent_declared_params.flatten) if parent_declared_params.any?
 
       endpoints&.each { |e| e.inherit_settings(namespace_stackable) }
     end
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ module Grape
         reset_routes!
         routes.each do |route|
           methods = [route.request_method]
-          methods << Grape::Http::Headers::HEAD if !namespace_inheritable(:do_not_route_head) && route.request_method == Grape::Http::Headers::GET
+          methods << Rack::HEAD if !namespace_inheritable(:do_not_route_head) && route.request_method == Rack::GET
           methods.each do |method|
             route = Grape::Router::Route.new(method, route.origin, **route.attributes.to_h) unless route.request_method == method
             router.append(route.apply(self))
@@ -190,10 +190,10 @@ module Grape
     end
 
     def prepare_version
-      version = namespace_inheritable(:version) || []
-      return if version.empty?
+      version = namespace_inheritable(:version)
+      return if version.blank?
 
-      version.length == 1 ? version.first.to_s : version
+      version.length == 1 ? version.first : version
     end
 
     def merge_route_options(**default)
@@ -205,8 +205,10 @@ module Grape
     end
 
     def prepare_path(path)
-      path_settings = inheritable_setting.to_hash[:namespace_stackable].merge(inheritable_setting.to_hash[:namespace_inheritable])
-      Path.prepare(path, namespace, path_settings)
+      namespace_stackable_hash = inheritable_setting.namespace_stackable.to_hash
+      namespace_inheritable_hash = inheritable_setting.namespace_inheritable.to_hash
+      path_settings = namespace_stackable_hash.merge!(namespace_inheritable_hash)
+      Path.new(path, namespace, path_settings)
     end
 
     def namespace
@@ -230,15 +232,24 @@ module Grape
       options[:app].endpoints if options[:app].respond_to?(:endpoints)
     end
 
-    def equals?(e)
-      (options == e.options) && (inheritable_setting.to_hash == e.inheritable_setting.to_hash)
+    def equals?(endpoint)
+      (options == endpoint.options) && (inheritable_setting.to_hash == endpoint.inheritable_setting.to_hash)
+    end
+
+    # The purpose of this override is solely for stripping internals when an error occurs while calling
+    # an endpoint through an api. See https://github.com/ruby-grape/grape/issues/2398
+    # Otherwise, it calls super.
+    def inspect
+      return super unless env
+
+      "#{self.class} in '#{route.origin}' endpoint"
     end
 
     protected
 
     def run
       ActiveSupport::Notifications.instrument('endpoint_run.grape', endpoint: self, env: env) do
-        @header = {}
+        @header = Grape::Util::Header.new
         @request = Grape::Request.new(env, build_params_with: namespace_inheritable(:build_params_with))
         @params = @request.params
         @headers = @request.headers
@@ -279,36 +290,39 @@ module Grape
     def build_stack(helpers)
       stack = Grape::Middleware::Stack.new
 
+      content_types = namespace_stackable_with_hash(:content_types)
+      format = namespace_inheritable(:format)
+
       stack.use Rack::Head
       stack.use Class.new(Grape::Middleware::Error),
                 helpers: helpers,
-                format: namespace_inheritable(:format),
-                content_types: namespace_stackable_with_hash(:content_types),
+                format: format,
+                content_types: content_types,
                 default_status: namespace_inheritable(:default_error_status),
                 rescue_all: namespace_inheritable(:rescue_all),
                 rescue_grape_exceptions: namespace_inheritable(:rescue_grape_exceptions),
                 default_error_formatter: namespace_inheritable(:default_error_formatter),
                 error_formatters: namespace_stackable_with_hash(:error_formatters),
-                rescue_options: namespace_stackable_with_hash(:rescue_options) || {},
-                rescue_handlers: namespace_reverse_stackable_with_hash(:rescue_handlers) || {},
-                base_only_rescue_handlers: namespace_stackable_with_hash(:base_only_rescue_handlers) || {},
+                rescue_options: namespace_stackable_with_hash(:rescue_options),
+                rescue_handlers: namespace_reverse_stackable_with_hash(:rescue_handlers),
+                base_only_rescue_handlers: namespace_stackable_with_hash(:base_only_rescue_handlers),
                 all_rescue_handler: namespace_inheritable(:all_rescue_handler),
                 grape_exceptions_rescue_handler: namespace_inheritable(:grape_exceptions_rescue_handler)
 
       stack.concat namespace_stackable(:middleware)
 
-      if namespace_inheritable(:version)
+      if namespace_inheritable(:version).present?
         stack.use Grape::Middleware::Versioner.using(namespace_inheritable(:version_options)[:using]),
-                  versions: namespace_inheritable(:version)&.flatten,
+                  versions: namespace_inheritable(:version).flatten,
                   version_options: namespace_inheritable(:version_options),
                   prefix: namespace_inheritable(:root_prefix),
                   mount_path: namespace_stackable(:mount_path).first
       end
 
       stack.use Grape::Middleware::Formatter,
-                format: namespace_inheritable(:format),
+                format: format,
                 default_format: namespace_inheritable(:default_format) || :txt,
-                content_types: namespace_stackable_with_hash(:content_types),
+                content_types: content_types,
                 formatters: namespace_stackable_with_hash(:formatters),
                 parsers: namespace_stackable_with_hash(:parsers)
 
@@ -319,7 +333,9 @@ module Grape
 
     def build_helpers
       helpers = namespace_stackable(:helpers)
-      Module.new { helpers&.each { |mod_to_include| include mod_to_include } }
+      return if helpers.empty?
+
+      Module.new { helpers.each { |mod_to_include| include mod_to_include } }
     end
 
     private :build_stack, :build_helpers
@@ -338,7 +354,7 @@ module Grape
       @lazy_initialize_lock.synchronize do
         return true if @lazy_initialized
 
-        @helpers = build_helpers.tap { |mod| self.class.send(:include, mod) }
+        @helpers = build_helpers&.tap { |mod| self.class.include mod }
         @app = options[:app] || build_stack(@helpers)
 
         @lazy_initialized = true
@@ -401,15 +417,7 @@ module Grape
 
     def options?
       options[:options_route_enabled] &&
-        env[Grape::Http::Headers::REQUEST_METHOD] == Grape::Http::Headers::OPTIONS
-    end
-
-    def method_missing(name, *_args)
-      raise NoMethodError.new("undefined method `#{name}' for #{self.class} in `#{route.origin}' endpoint")
-    end
-
-    def respond_to_missing?(method_name, include_private = false)
-      super
+        env[Rack::REQUEST_METHOD] == Rack::OPTIONS
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/grape/{util/env.rb → env.rb}

@@ -11,11 +11,6 @@ module Grape
     API_VENDOR = 'api.vendor'
     API_FORMAT = 'api.format'
 
-    RACK_INPUT = 'rack.input'
-    RACK_REQUEST_QUERY_HASH = 'rack.request.query_hash'
-    RACK_REQUEST_FORM_HASH = 'rack.request.form_hash'
-    RACK_REQUEST_FORM_INPUT = 'rack.request.form_input'
-
     GRAPE_REQUEST = 'grape.request'
     GRAPE_REQUEST_HEADERS = 'grape.request.headers'
     GRAPE_REQUEST_PARAMS = 'grape.request.params'

data/lib/grape/error_formatter/json.rb

@@ -9,17 +9,18 @@ module Grape
         def call(message, backtrace, options = {}, env = nil, original_exception = nil)
           result = wrap_message(present(message, env))
 
-          rescue_options = options[:rescue_options] || {}
-          result = result.merge(backtrace: backtrace) if rescue_options[:backtrace] && backtrace && !backtrace.empty?
-          result = result.merge(original_exception: original_exception.inspect) if rescue_options[:original_exception] && original_exception
+          result = merge_rescue_options(result, backtrace, options, original_exception) if result.is_a?(Hash)
+
           ::Grape::Json.dump(result)
         end
 
         private
 
         def wrap_message(message)
-          if message.is_a?(Exceptions::ValidationErrors) || message.is_a?(Hash)
+          if message.is_a?(Hash)
             message
+          elsif message.is_a?(Exceptions::ValidationErrors)
+            message.as_json
           else
             { error: ensure_utf8(message) }
           end
@@ -30,6 +31,14 @@ module Grape
 
           message.encode('UTF-8', invalid: :replace, undef: :replace)
         end
+
+        def merge_rescue_options(result, backtrace, options, original_exception)
+          rescue_options = options[:rescue_options] || {}
+          result = result.merge(backtrace: backtrace) if rescue_options[:backtrace] && backtrace && !backtrace.empty?
+          result = result.merge(original_exception: original_exception.inspect) if rescue_options[:original_exception] && original_exception
+
+          result
+        end
       end
     end
   end

data/lib/grape/error_formatter/txt.rb

@@ -10,16 +10,17 @@ module Grape
           message = present(message, env)
 
           result = message.is_a?(Hash) ? ::Grape::Json.dump(message) : message
-          rescue_options = options[:rescue_options] || {}
-          if rescue_options[:backtrace] && backtrace && !backtrace.empty?
-            result += "\r\n backtrace:"
-            result += backtrace.join("\r\n ")
-          end
-          if rescue_options[:original_exception] && original_exception
-            result += "\r\n original exception:"
-            result += "\r\n #{original_exception.inspect}"
-          end
-          result
+          Array.wrap(result).tap do |final_result|
+            rescue_options = options[:rescue_options] || {}
+            if rescue_options[:backtrace] && backtrace.present?
+              final_result << 'backtrace:'
+              final_result.concat(backtrace)
+            end
+            if rescue_options[:original_exception] && original_exception
+              final_result << 'original exception:'
+              final_result << original_exception.inspect
+            end
+          end.join("\r\n ")
         end
       end
     end

data/lib/grape/error_formatter.rb

@@ -2,34 +2,22 @@
 
 module Grape
   module ErrorFormatter
-    extend Util::Registrable
+    module_function
 
-    class << self
-      def builtin_formatters
-        @builtin_formatters ||= {
-          serializable_hash: Grape::ErrorFormatter::Json,
-          json: Grape::ErrorFormatter::Json,
-          jsonapi: Grape::ErrorFormatter::Json,
-          txt: Grape::ErrorFormatter::Txt,
-          xml: Grape::ErrorFormatter::Xml
-        }
-      end
+    DEFAULTS = {
+      serializable_hash: Grape::ErrorFormatter::Json,
+      json: Grape::ErrorFormatter::Json,
+      jsonapi: Grape::ErrorFormatter::Json,
+      txt: Grape::ErrorFormatter::Txt,
+      xml: Grape::ErrorFormatter::Xml
+    }.freeze
 
-      def formatters(**options)
-        builtin_formatters.merge(default_elements).merge!(options[:error_formatters] || {})
-      end
+    def formatter_for(format, error_formatters = nil, default_error_formatter = nil)
+      select_formatter(error_formatters, format) || default_error_formatter || DEFAULTS[:txt]
+    end
 
-      def formatter_for(api_format, **options)
-        spec = formatters(**options)[api_format]
-        case spec
-        when nil
-          options[:default_error_formatter] || Grape::ErrorFormatter::Txt
-        when Symbol
-          method(spec)
-        else
-          spec
-        end
-      end
+    def select_formatter(error_formatters, format)
+      error_formatters&.key?(format) ? error_formatters[format] : DEFAULTS[format]
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/grape/exceptions/base.rb

@@ -41,15 +41,15 @@ module Grape
       end
 
       def problem(key, **attributes)
-        translate_message("#{key}.problem".to_sym, **attributes)
+        translate_message(:"#{key}.problem", **attributes)
       end
 
       def summary(key, **attributes)
-        translate_message("#{key}.summary".to_sym, **attributes)
+        translate_message(:"#{key}.summary", **attributes)
       end
 
       def resolution(key, **attributes)
-        translate_message("#{key}.resolution".to_sym, **attributes)
+        translate_message(:"#{key}.resolution", **attributes)
       end
 
       def translate_attributes(keys, **options)

data/lib/grape/exceptions/validation.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
-require 'grape/exceptions/base'
-
 module Grape
   module Exceptions
     class Validation < Grape::Exceptions::Base

data/lib/grape/exceptions/validation_array_errors.rb

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ module Grape
       attr_reader :errors
 
       def initialize(errors)
+        super()
         @errors = errors
       end
     end

data/lib/grape/exceptions/validation_errors.rb

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
-require 'grape/exceptions/base'
-
 module Grape
   module Exceptions
     class ValidationErrors < Grape::Exceptions::Base
       ERRORS_FORMAT_KEY = 'grape.errors.format'
-      DEFAULT_ERRORS_FORMAT = '%{attributes} %{message}'
+      DEFAULT_ERRORS_FORMAT = '%<attributes>s %<message>s'
 
       include Enumerable
 
@@ -14,7 +12,7 @@ module Grape
 
       def initialize(errors: [], headers: {}, **_options)
         @errors = errors.group_by(&:params)
-        super message: full_messages.join(', '), status: 400, headers: headers
+        super(message: full_messages.join(', '), status: 400, headers: headers)
       end
 
       def each

data/lib/grape/extensions/hash.rb

@@ -12,8 +12,12 @@ module Grape
 
         def build_params
           rack_params.deep_dup.tap do |params|
-            params.deep_merge!(grape_routing_args) if env.key?(Grape::Env::GRAPE_ROUTING_ARGS)
             params.deep_symbolize_keys!
+
+            if env.key?(Grape::Env::GRAPE_ROUTING_ARGS)
+              grape_routing_args.deep_symbolize_keys!
+              params.deep_merge!(grape_routing_args)
+            end
           end
         end
       end