gosu 0.7.7.2-universal-darwin-8

data/LICENSE

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+Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Julian Raschke, Jan Lücker and all contributors.
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+Julian Raschke julian@raschke.de
+Jan Lücker jan.luecker@gmx.de
+http://code.google.com/p/gosu/
+
+***
+
+Does NOT apply to fmod.dll shipped with the Windows version of Gosu,
+or the bytecode of FMOD contained in Gosu.framework on OS X.
+FMOD is a property of Firelight Technologies Pty, Ltd., see www.fmod.org.

data/README

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+Moin moin, dear Gosu user!
+
+* The latest documentation on how to install/set up Gosu can be found on:
+    http://code.google.com/p/gosu/wiki/DocsOverview
+
+* Try doing to the tutorial there if you don't know how to start out!
+
+* If you have any questions or feedback,
+    leave a comment on one of Gosu's wiki page,
+    mail me at julian@raschke.de,
+    or try your luck in #gosu on irc.freenode.org.
+
+We hope you'll enjoy using Gosu!

data/examples/ChipmunkIntegration.rb

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+## File: ChipmunkIntegration.rb
+## Author: Dirk Johnson
+## Version: 1.0.0
+## Date: 2007-10-05
+## License: Same as for Gosu (MIT)
+## Comments: Based on the Gosu Ruby Tutorial, but incorporating the Chipmunk Physics Engine
+
+require 'rubygems'
+require 'gosu'
+require 'chipmunk'
+
+SCREEN_WIDTH = 640
+SCREEN_HEIGHT = 480
+
+# The number of steps to process every Gosu update
+# The Player ship can get going so fast as to "move through" a
+# star without triggering a collision; an increased number of
+# Chipmunk step calls per update will effectively avoid this issue
+SUBSTEPS = 6
+
+# Convenience methods for converting between Gosu degrees, radians, and Vec2 vectors
+class Numeric 
+  def gosu_to_radians
+    (self - 90) * Math::PI / 180.0
+  end
+  
+  def radians_to_gosu
+    self * 180.0 / Math::PI + 90
+  end
+  
+  def radians_to_vec2
+    CP::Vec2.new(Math::cos(self), Math::sin(self))
+  end
+end
+
+# Layering of sprites
+module ZOrder
+  Background, Stars, Player, UI = *0..3
+end
+
+# This game will have one Player in the form of a ship
+class Player
+  attr_reader :shape
+
+  def initialize(window, shape)
+    @image = Gosu::Image.new(window, "media/Starfighter.bmp", false)
+    @shape = shape
+    @shape.body.p = CP::Vec2.new(0.0, 0.0) # position
+    @shape.body.v = CP::Vec2.new(0.0, 0.0) # velocity
+    
+    # Keep in mind that down the screen is positive y, which means that PI/2 radians,
+    # which you might consider the top in the traditional Trig unit circle sense is actually
+    # the bottom; thus 3PI/2 is the top
+    @shape.body.a = (3*Math::PI/2.0) # angle in radians; faces towards top of screen
+  end
+  
+  # Directly set the position of our Player
+  def warp(vect)
+    @shape.body.p = vect
+  end
+  
+  # Apply negative Torque; Chipmunk will do the rest
+  # SUBSTEPS is used as a divisor to keep turning rate constant
+  # even if the number of steps per update are adjusted
+  def turn_left
+    @shape.body.t -= 400.0/SUBSTEPS
+  end
+  
+  # Apply positive Torque; Chipmunk will do the rest
+  # SUBSTEPS is used as a divisor to keep turning rate constant
+  # even if the number of steps per update are adjusted
+  def turn_right
+    @shape.body.t += 400.0/SUBSTEPS
+  end
+  
+  # Apply forward force; Chipmunk will do the rest
+  # SUBSTEPS is used as a divisor to keep acceleration rate constant
+  # even if the number of steps per update are adjusted
+  # Here we must convert the angle (facing) of the body into
+  # forward momentum by creating a vector in the direction of the facing
+  # and with a magnitude representing the force we want to apply
+  def accelerate
+    @shape.body.apply_force((@shape.body.a.radians_to_vec2 * (3000.0/SUBSTEPS)), CP::Vec2.new(0.0, 0.0))
+  end
+  
+  # Apply even more forward force
+  # See accelerate for more details
+  def boost
+    @shape.body.apply_force((@shape.body.a.radians_to_vec2 * (3000.0)), CP::Vec2.new(0.0, 0.0))
+  end
+  
+  # Apply reverse force
+  # See accelerate for more details
+  def reverse
+    @shape.body.apply_force(-(@shape.body.a.radians_to_vec2 * (1000.0/SUBSTEPS)), CP::Vec2.new(0.0, 0.0))
+  end
+  
+  # Wrap to the other side of the screen when we fly off the edge
+  def validate_position
+    l_position = CP::Vec2.new(@shape.body.p.x % SCREEN_WIDTH, @shape.body.p.y % SCREEN_HEIGHT)
+    @shape.body.p = l_position
+  end
+  
+  def draw
+    @image.draw_rot(@shape.body.p.x, @shape.body.p.y, ZOrder::Player, @shape.body.a.radians_to_gosu)
+  end
+end
+
+# See how simple our Star is?
+# Of course... it just sits around and looks good...
+class Star
+  attr_reader :shape
+  
+  def initialize(animation, shape)
+    @animation = animation
+    @color = Gosu::Color.new(0xff000000)
+    @color.red = rand(255 - 40) + 40
+    @color.green = rand(255 - 40) + 40
+    @color.blue = rand(255 - 40) + 40
+    @shape = shape
+    @shape.body.p = CP::Vec2.new(rand * SCREEN_WIDTH, rand * SCREEN_HEIGHT) # position
+    @shape.body.v = CP::Vec2.new(0.0, 0.0) # velocity
+    @shape.body.a = (3*Math::PI/2.0) # angle in radians; faces towards top of screen
+  end
+
+  def draw  
+    img = @animation[Gosu::milliseconds / 100 % @animation.size];
+    img.draw(@shape.body.p.x - img.width / 2.0, @shape.body.p.y - img.height / 2.0, ZOrder::Stars, 1, 1, @color, :additive)
+  end
+end
+
+# The Gosu::Window is always the "environment" of our game
+# It also provides the pulse of our game
+class GameWindow < Gosu::Window
+  def initialize
+    super(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, false, 16)
+    self.caption = "Gosu & Chipmunk Integration Demo"
+    @background_image = Gosu::Image.new(self, "media/Space.png", true)
+
+    # Put the beep here, as it is the environment now that determines collision
+    @beep = Gosu::Sample.new(self, "media/Beep.wav")
+    
+    # Put the score here, as it is the environment that tracks this now
+    @score = 0
+    @font = Gosu::Font.new(self, Gosu::default_font_name, 20)
+    
+    # Time increment over which to apply a physics "step" ("delta t")
+    @dt = (1.0/60.0)
+    
+    # Create our Space and set its damping
+    # A damping of 0.8 causes the ship bleed off its force and torque over time
+    # This is not realistic behavior in a vacuum of space, but it gives the game
+    # the feel I'd like in this situation
+    @space = CP::Space.new
+    @space.damping = 0.8    
+    
+    # Create the Body for the Player
+    body = CP::Body.new(10.0, 150.0)
+    
+    # In order to create a shape, we must first define it
+    # Chipmunk defines 3 types of Shapes: Segments, Circles and Polys
+    # We'll use s simple, 4 sided Poly for our Player (ship)
+    # You need to define the vectors so that the "top" of the Shape is towards 0 radians (the right)
+    shape_array = [CP::Vec2.new(-25.0, -25.0), CP::Vec2.new(-25.0, 25.0), CP::Vec2.new(25.0, 1.0), CP::Vec2.new(25.0, -1.0)]
+    shape = CP::Shape::Poly.new(body, shape_array, CP::Vec2.new(0,0))
+    
+    # The collision_type of a shape allows us to set up special collision behavior
+    # based on these types.  The actual value for the collision_type is arbitrary
+    # and, as long as it is consistent, will work for us; of course, it helps to have it make sense
+    shape.collision_type = :ship
+    
+    @space.add_body(body)
+    @space.add_shape(shape)
+
+    @player = Player.new(self, shape)
+    @player.warp(CP::Vec2.new(320, 240)) # move to the center of the window
+    
+    @star_anim = Gosu::Image::load_tiles(self, "media/Star.png", 25, 25, false)
+    @stars = Array.new
+        
+    # Here we define what is supposed to happen when a Player (ship) collides with a Star
+    # I create a @remove_shapes array because we cannot remove either Shapes or Bodies
+    # from Space within a collision closure, rather, we have to wait till the closure
+    # is through executing, then we can remove the Shapes and Bodies
+    # In this case, the Shapes and the Bodies they own are removed in the Gosu::Window.update phase
+    # by iterating over the @remove_shapes array
+    # Also note that both Shapes involved in the collision are passed into the closure
+    # in the same order that their collision_types are defined in the add_collision_func call
+    @remove_shapes = []
+    @space.add_collision_func(:ship, :star) do |ship_shape, star_shape|
+      @score += 10
+      @beep.play
+      @remove_shapes << star_shape
+    end
+    
+    # Here we tell Space that we don't want one star bumping into another
+    # The reason we need to do this is because when the Player hits a Star,
+    # the Star will travel until it is removed in the update cycle below
+    # which means it may collide and therefore push other Stars
+    # To see the effect, remove this line and play the game, every once in a while
+    # you'll see a Star moving
+    @space.add_collision_func(:star, :star, &nil)
+  end
+
+  def update
+    # Step the physics environment SUBSTEPS times each update
+    SUBSTEPS.times do
+      # This iterator makes an assumption of one Shape per Star making it safe to remove
+      # each Shape's Body as it comes up
+      # If our Stars had multiple Shapes, as would be required if we were to meticulously
+      # define their true boundaries, we couldn't do this as we would remove the Body
+      # multiple times
+      # We would probably solve this by creating a separate @remove_bodies array to remove the Bodies
+      # of the Stars that were gathered by the Player
+      @remove_shapes.each do |shape|
+        @stars.delete_if { |star| star.shape == shape }
+        @space.remove_body(shape.body)
+        @space.remove_shape(shape)
+      end
+      @remove_shapes.clear # clear out the shapes for next pass
+      
+      # When a force or torque is set on a Body, it is cumulative
+      # This means that the force you applied last SUBSTEP will compound with the
+      # force applied this SUBSTEP; which is probably not the behavior you want
+      # We reset the forces on the Player each SUBSTEP for this reason
+      @player.shape.body.reset_forces
+      
+      # Wrap around the screen to the other side
+      @player.validate_position
+      
+      # Check keyboard
+      if button_down? Gosu::Button::KbLeft
+        @player.turn_left
+      end
+      if button_down? Gosu::Button::KbRight
+        @player.turn_right
+      end
+      
+      if button_down? Gosu::Button::KbUp
+        if ( (button_down? Gosu::Button::KbRightShift) || (button_down? Gosu::Button::KbLeftShift) )
+          @player.boost
+        else
+          @player.accelerate
+        end
+      elsif button_down? Gosu::Button::KbDown
+        @player.reverse
+      end
+      
+      # Perform the step over @dt period of time
+      # For best performance @dt should remain consistent for the game
+      @space.step(@dt)
+    end
+    
+    # Each update (not SUBSTEP) we see if we need to add more Stars
+    if rand(100) < 4 and @stars.size < 25 then
+      body = CP::Body.new(0.0001, 0.0001)
+      shape = CP::Shape::Circle.new(body, 25/2, CP::Vec2.new(0.0, 0.0))
+      shape.collision_type = :star
+      
+      @space.add_body(body)
+      @space.add_shape(shape)
+      
+      @stars.push(Star.new(@star_anim, shape))
+    end
+  end
+
+  def draw
+    @background_image.draw(0, 0, ZOrder::Background)
+    @player.draw
+    @stars.each { |star| star.draw }
+    @font.draw("Score: #{@score}", 10, 10, ZOrder::UI, 1.0, 1.0, 0xffffff00)
+  end
+
+  def button_down(id)
+    if id == Gosu::Button::KbEscape
+      close
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+window = GameWindow.new
+window.show

data/examples/CptnRuby.rb

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+# Basically, the tutorial game taken to a jump'n'run perspective.
+
+# Shows how to
+#  * implement jumping/gravity
+#  * implement scrolling
+#  * implement a simple tile-based map
+#  * load levels from primitive text files
+
+# Some exercises, starting at the real basics:
+#  0) understand the existing code!
+# As shown in the tutorial:
+#  1) change it use Gosu's Z-ordering
+#  2) add gamepad support
+#  3) add a score as in the tutorial game
+#  4) similarly, add sound effects for various events
+# Exploring this game's code and Gosu:
+#  5) make the player wider, so he doesn't fall off edges as easily
+#  6) add background music (check if playing in Window#update to implement 
+#     looping)
+#  7) implement parallax scrolling for the star background!
+# Getting tricky:
+#  8) optimize Map#draw so only tiles on screen are drawn (needs modulo, a pen
+#     and paper to figure out)
+#  9) add loading of next level when all gems are collected
+# ...Enemies, a more sophisticated object system, weapons, title and credits
+# screens...
+
+begin
+  # In case you use Gosu via rubygems.
+  require 'rubygems'
+rescue LoadError
+  # In case you don't.
+end
+
+require 'gosu'
+include Gosu
+
+module Tiles
+  Grass = 0
+  Earth = 1
+end
+
+class CollectibleGem
+  attr_reader :x, :y
+
+  def initialize(image, x, y)
+    @image = image
+    @x, @y = x, y
+  end
+  
+  def draw(screen_x, screen_y)
+    # Draw, slowly rotating
+    @image.draw_rot(@x - screen_x, @y - screen_y, 0,
+      25 * Math.sin(milliseconds / 133.7))
+  end
+end
+
+# Player class.
+class CptnRuby
+  attr_reader :x, :y
+
+  def initialize(window, x, y)
+    @x, @y = x, y
+    @dir = :left
+    @vy = 0 # Vertical velocity
+    @map = window.map
+    # Load all animation frames
+    @standing, @walk1, @walk2, @jump =
+      *Image.load_tiles(window, "media/CptnRuby.png", 50, 50, false)
+    # This always points to the frame that is currently drawn.
+    # This is set in update, and used in draw.
+    @cur_image = @standing    
+  end
+  
+  def draw(screen_x, screen_y)
+    # Flip vertically when facing to the left.
+    if @dir == :left then
+      offs_x = -25
+      factor = 1.0
+    else
+      offs_x = 25
+      factor = -1.0
+    end
+    @cur_image.draw(@x - screen_x + offs_x, @y - screen_y - 49, 0, factor, 1.0)
+  end
+  
+  # Could the object be placed at x + offs_x/y + offs_y without being stuck?
+  def would_fit(offs_x, offs_y)
+    # Check at the center/top and center/bottom for map collisions
+    not @map.solid?(@x + offs_x, @y + offs_y) and
+      not @map.solid?(@x + offs_x, @y + offs_y - 45)
+  end
+  
+  def update(move_x)
+    # Select image depending on action
+    if (move_x == 0)
+      @cur_image = @standing
+    else
+      @cur_image = (milliseconds / 175 % 2 == 0) ? @walk1 : @walk2
+    end
+    if (@vy < 0)
+      @cur_image = @jump
+    end
+    
+    # Directional walking, horizontal movement
+    if move_x > 0 then
+      @dir = :right
+      move_x.times { if would_fit(1, 0) then @x += 1 end }
+    end
+    if move_x < 0 then
+      @dir = :left
+      (-move_x).times { if would_fit(-1, 0) then @x -= 1 end }
+    end
+
+    # Acceleration/gravity
+    # By adding 1 each frame, and (ideally) adding vy to y, the player's
+    # jumping curve will be the parabole we want it to be.
+    @vy += 1
+    # Vertical movement
+    if @vy > 0 then
+      @vy.times { if would_fit(0, 1) then @y += 1 else @vy = 0 end }
+    end
+    if @vy < 0 then
+      (-@vy).times { if would_fit(0, -1) then @y -= 1 else @vy = 0 end }
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def try_to_jump
+    if @map.solid?(@x, @y + 1) then
+      @vy = -20
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def collect_gems(gems)
+    # Same as in the tutorial game.
+    gems.reject! do |c|
+      (c.x - @x).abs < 50 and (c.y - @y).abs < 50
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# Map class holds and draws tiles and gems.
+class Map
+  attr_reader :width, :height, :gems
+  
+  def initialize(window, filename)
+    # Load 60x60 tiles, 5px overlap in all four directions.
+    @tileset = Image.load_tiles(window, "media/CptnRuby Tileset.png", 60, 60, true)
+    @sky = Image.new(window, "media/Space.png", true)
+
+    gem_img = Image.new(window, "media/CptnRuby Gem.png", false)
+    @gems = []
+
+    lines = File.readlines(filename).map { |line| line.chop }
+    @height = lines.size
+    @width = lines[0].size
+    @tiles = Array.new(@width) do |x|
+      Array.new(@height) do |y|
+        case lines[y][x, 1]
+        when '"'
+          Tiles::Grass
+        when '#'
+          Tiles::Earth
+        when 'x'
+          @gems.push(CollectibleGem.new(gem_img, x * 50 + 25, y * 50 + 25))
+          nil
+        else
+          nil
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def draw(screen_x, screen_y)
+    # Sigh, stars!
+    @sky.draw(0, 0, 0)
+    
+
+    # Very primitive drawing function:
+    # Draws all the tiles, some off-screen, some on-screen.
+    @height.times do |y|
+      @width.times do |x|
+        tile = @tiles[x][y]
+        if tile
+          # Draw the tile with an offset (tile images have some overlap)
+          # Scrolling is implemented here just as in the game objects.
+          @tileset[tile].draw(x * 50 - screen_x - 5, y * 50 - screen_y - 5, 0)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    @gems.each { |c| c.draw(screen_x, screen_y) }
+  end
+  
+  # Solid at a given pixel position?
+  def solid?(x, y)
+    y < 0 || @tiles[x / 50][y / 50]
+  end
+end
+
+class Game < Window
+  attr_reader :map
+
+  def initialize
+    super(640, 480, false)
+    self.caption = "Cptn. Ruby"
+    @map = Map.new(self, "media/CptnRuby Map.txt")
+    @cptn = CptnRuby.new(self, 400, 100)
+    # Scrolling is stored as the position of the top left corner of the screen.
+    @screen_x = @screen_y = 0
+  end
+  def update
+    move_x = 0
+    move_x -= 5 if button_down? Button::KbLeft
+    move_x += 5 if button_down? Button::KbRight
+    @cptn.update(move_x)
+    @cptn.collect_gems(@map.gems)
+    # Scrolling follows player
+    @screen_x = [[@cptn.x - 320, 0].max, @map.width * 50 - 640].min
+    @screen_y = [[@cptn.y - 240, 0].max, @map.height * 50 - 480].min
+  end
+  def draw
+    @map.draw @screen_x, @screen_y
+    @cptn.draw @screen_x, @screen_y
+  end
+  def button_down(id)
+    if id == Button::KbUp then @cptn.try_to_jump end
+    if id == Button::KbEscape then close end
+  end
+end
+
+Game.new.show