gocr-ruby 0.0.1

data/ext/gocr/detect.c

@@ -0,0 +1,1003 @@
+/*
+This is a Optical-Character-Recognition program
+Copyright (C) 2000-2010 Joerg Schulenburg
+
+This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
+
+ check README for my email address
+*/
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ctype.h>   // toupper, tolower
+#include "pgm2asc.h"
+#include "unicode_defs.h" /* JS.Aug2010 PICTURE def */
+#include "gocr.h"
+
+// ----- detect lines ---------------
+/* suggestion: Fourier transform and set line frequency where the
+   amplitude has a maximum (JS: slow and not smarty enough).
+
+   option: range for line numbers 1..1000 or similar 
+   todo: look for thickest line, and divide if thickness=2*mean_thickness 
+   Set these elements of the box structs:
+
+   m1 <-- top of upper case letters and (bdfhkl) (may vary OCGA < HKXMNPDEF..)
+   m2 <-- top of letters  (acegmnopqrsuvwxyz) (round litle higher than flat)
+   m3 <-- baseline
+   m4 <-- bottom of hanging letters (gqpy)
+  
+  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cap_height = 0.70em(?) = 3..12..72pt
+   1pt = 0.0139 inch or 0.3528 mm
+   10pt-font at 72dpi = 10 pixel, 10pt at 96 dpi = 13 pixel (13 PPEm)
+    ascender heigh   (top of OAh = round or pointed letters, O=+..3%,A=+..5%)
+    cap high         (top of HI = flat capital letters)
+    median           (top of x,
+                      curved letters like "acemnor" may exceed x-height)
+    baseline         (base of x)
+    descender height (bottom of p)
+    x-heigh = 1ex (mostly 1ex=0.5em)
+    
+  
+  performance can be improved by working with a temporary
+  list of boxes of the special text line
+
+  - Jun23,00 more robustness of m3 (test liebfrau1)
+  - Feb01,02 more robustness of m4 (test s46_084.pgm) 
+  - Dec03,12 fix problems with footnotes
+ ToDo:
+  - generate lists of boxes per line (faster access)
+  - use statistics
+  - for each box look at it neighbours and set box-m1..m4
+  - m[1..4].max .min if m4.min-m3.max<1 probability lower
+ */
+int detect_lines1(pix * p, int x0, int y0, int dx, int dy)
+{
+  job_t *job=OCR_JOB; /* fixme global var */
+  int i, jj, j2, y, yy, my, mi, mc, i1, i2, i3, i4,
+      m1, m2, m3, m4, ma1, ma2, ma3, ma4, m3pre, m4pre;
+  struct box *box2, *box3;  /* box3 is for verbose / debugging */
+  struct tlines *lines = &job->res.lines;
+
+  /* ToDo: optional read line-data from external source??? */
+  if (lines->num == 0) { // initialize one dummy-line for pictures etc.
+      lines->m4[0] = 0;
+      lines->m3[0] = 0;
+      lines->m2[0] = 0;
+      lines->m1[0] = 0;
+      lines->x0[0] = p->x;  /* expand to left end during detection */
+      lines->x1[0] = 0;	    /* expand to right end */
+      lines->pitch[0] = job->cfg.spc; /* default word pitch */
+      lines->mono[0]  = 0;            /* default spacing, 0 = prop */
+      lines->num++;
+  }
+  i = lines->num;
+  if (dy < 4)
+    return 0;  /* image is to low for latin chars */
+  my = jj = 0;
+  // get the mean height of all hollow chars
+  // (better than mean value of everything including bg-pattern or dust?)
+  for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) {
+    box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+    if ( box2->c != PICTURE
+      && box2->num_frames>1 && box2->num_frames<4 /* 1 or 2 holes */
+      && box2->y0 >= y0 && box2->y1 <= y0 + dy
+      && box2->x0 >= x0 && box2->x1 <= x0 + dx 
+      && box2->frame_vol[0]>0
+      && box2->frame_vol[1]<0
+      ) {
+	jj++;
+	my += box2->y1 - box2->y0 + 1;
+    }
+  } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist));
+  if (jj==0) {
+    // get the mean height of all chars
+    for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) {
+      box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+      if ( box2->c != PICTURE
+        && box2->y1 - box2->y0 + 1 >= 4   /* 4x6 font */
+        && box2->y0 >= y0 && box2->y1 <= y0 + dy
+        && box2->x0 >= x0 && box2->x1 <= x0 + dx ) {
+          jj++;
+          my += box2->y1 - box2->y0 + 1;
+      }
+    } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist));
+  }
+  if (jj == 0)
+    return 0;  /* no chars detected */
+    
+    
+  /* ToDo: a better way could be to mark good boxes (of typical high a-zA-Z0-9)
+   *    first and handle only marked boxes for line scan, exclude ?!,.:;etc
+   *    but without setect the chars itself (using good statistics)
+   *    see adjust_text_lines()
+   * ToDo: check for monospaced dy ???
+   */
+  my /= jj;          /* we only care about chars with high arround my */
+  if (job->cfg.verbose & 16)
+    fprintf(stderr,"\n# detect_lines1(%d %d %d %d) vvv&16 chars=%d my=%d\n#  ",
+      x0, y0, dx, dy, jj, my);
+  // "my" is the average over the whole image (bad, if different fontsizes)
+
+  if (my < 4)
+    return 0;       /* mean high is to small => error */
+
+  m4pre=m3pre=y0;   /* lower bond of upper line */
+  // better function for scanning line around a letter ???
+  // or define lines around known chars "eaTmM"
+  for (j2 = y = y0; y < y0 + dy; y++) {
+    // look for max. of upper and lower bound of next line
+    m1 = y0 + dy;
+    jj = 0;
+#if 1
+    /* this is only for test runs */
+    if (job->cfg.verbose & 16)
+      fprintf(stderr,"searching new line %d\n#  ",i /* lines->num */);
+#endif
+
+    box3 = NULL; /* mark the most upper box starting next line */
+    // find highest point of next line => store to m1-min (m1>=y)
+    // only objects greater 2/3*my and smaller 3*my are allowed
+    // a higher "!" at end of line can result in a to low m1
+    for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) {
+      box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+      if (box2->line>0 || box2->c == PICTURE) continue;
+      if (lines->dx)
+        yy = lines->dy * box2->x0 / (lines->dx); /* correct crooked lines */
+      else yy=0;
+      if (   box2->y0 >= y + yy && box2->y1 < y0 + dy	// lower than y
+	  && box2->x0 >= x0     && box2->x1 < x0 + dx	// within box ?
+	  && box2->x1 - box2->x0 + 1 > 2 // 2010-10-01 
+	  && box2->c != PICTURE	// no picture
+	  && box2->num_boxes <= 1 // ignore 2 for "!?i" 3 for "&auml;"
+	  && 3 * (box2->y1 - box2->y0) > 2 * my	// not to small
+	  &&     (box2->y1 - box2->y0) < 3 * my // not to big
+	  &&     (box2->y1 - box2->y0) > 4)     // minimum absolute size
+       {
+	  if (box2->y0 < m1 + yy) {
+	    m1 = box2->y0 - yy;  /* highest upper boundary */
+	    box3 = box2;
+	  }
+	  // fprintf(stderr,"\n %3d %3d %+3d %d m1= %3d",
+          //   box2->x0, box2->y0, box2->y1 - box2->y0 + 1, box2->num_boxes, m1);
+       }
+    } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist));
+    if (!box3 || m1 >= y0+dy) break; /* no further line found */
+    if (job->cfg.verbose & 16)
+      fprintf(stderr," most upper box at new line xy= %4d %4d %+4d %+4d\n#  ",
+       box3->x0, box3->y0, box3->x1-box3->x0, box3->y1-box3->y0);
+
+    // at the moment values depend from single chars, which can 
+    //    result in bad values (ex: 4x6 /\=)
+    // ToDo: 2) mean size of next line (store list of y0,y1)
+    // ToDo: 3) count num0[(y0-m1)*16/my], num1[(y1-m1)*16/my]
+    // ToDo: or down-top search horizontal nerarest neighbours
+    lines->x0[i] = x0 + dx - 1; /* expand during operation to left end */
+    lines->x1[i] = x0;          /* expand to the right end of line */
+    m4=m2=m1; mi=m1+my; m3=m1+2*my; jj=0;
+    // find limits for upper bound, base line and ground line
+    //    m2-max m3-min m4-max
+    for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) {
+      box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+      if (box2->line>0 || box2->c == PICTURE) continue;
+      if (   box2->y0 < y0 || box2->y1 >= y0 + dy
+	  || box2->x0 < x0 || box2->x1 >= x0 + dx ) continue; // out of image
+      if (lines->dx) yy = lines->dy * box2->x0 / (lines->dx);
+                else yy = 0;
+      
+      if ( box2->y0 >= y + yy 	      // lower than y
+	&& box2->y1 <= y + yy + 3*my
+	&& box2->y1 <= m4 + 2*my/3) {  // 2010-10-08
+        if (lines->x1[i] < box2->x1) 
+            lines->x1[i] = box2->x1; /* right end */
+        if (lines->x0[i] > box2->x0) 
+            lines->x0[i] = box2->x0; /* left end */
+      }
+      /* check for ij-dots, used if chars of same high */
+      if ( box2->y1 - box2->y0 + 1 <= 2*my // ~ barcode or small images
+        && box2->y0 >= y + yy
+	// && box2->y0 >= y
+	&& box2->y1 < m1 + yy + my/4
+	&& box2->y0 < mi + yy  
+	) {
+	    mi = box2->y0 - yy;        /* highest upper boundary i-dot */
+      }
+      // fprintf(stderr,"\n check %3d %3d-%3d y=%d yy=%d m1=%d", box2->x0, box2->y0, box2->y1, y, yy, m1);
+      /* get m2-max m3-min m4-max */
+      if (      box2->y0 >= y + yy 			// lower than y
+	&& 3 * (box2->y1 - box2->y0 + 1) > 2 * my  // right size ?
+	&&     (box2->y1 - box2->y0 + 1) < 3 * my  // font mix, size = 2.6*my
+	&& (box2->y1 - box2->y0 + 1) > 3           // 4x6 lowercase=4
+        && box2->y0 >= m1 - my/4                     // in m1 range?
+        && box2->y0 <= m1 + yy + 9 * my / 8   // my can be to small if mixed
+        // ToDo: we need a better (local?) algorithm for big headlines > 2*my
+        && box2->y1 <= m1 + yy + 3 * my
+        && box2->y1 >= m1 + yy + my / 2
+        // lines can differ in high, my may be to small (smaller headlines)
+        && box2->y0+box2->y1 <= 2*(box3->y0+my) // box3 = highest box
+         )
+      {
+        jj++;  // count chars for debugging purpose
+        if (box2->y0 > m2 + yy) {
+          m2 = box2->y0 - yy;  /* highest upper boundary */
+          if (job->cfg.verbose & 16)
+            fprintf(stderr," set m2= %3d %+3d yy= %d  reason1 xy= %4d %4d\n#  ",
+                    m2, m2-m1, yy, box2->x0, box2->y0);
+        }
+        if (box2->y1 > m4 + yy && (my>6 || box2->y1 < m3+my)) {
+          m4 = box2->y1 - yy;  /* lowest lower boundary, small font lines can touch */
+          if (job->cfg.verbose & 16)
+            fprintf(stderr," set m4= %3d %+3d yy= %d  reason1 xy= %4d %4d\n#  ",
+                    m4, m4-m1, yy, box2->x0, box2->y0);
+        }
+        if (   box2->y1 < m3 + yy
+          && ( ( 2*box2->y1 > m2+  m4+yy && m2>m1)
+            || ( 4*box2->y1 > m1+3*m4+yy) ) )  // care for TeX: \(^1\)Footnote 2003
+        /* "'!?" could cause trouble here, therefore this lines */
+        /* ToDo: get_bw costs time, check pre and next */
+        if( get_bw(box2->x0,box2->x1,box2->y1+1   ,box2->y1+my/2,box2->p,job->cfg.cs,1) == 0
+         || get_bw(box2->x0,box2->x1,box2->y1+my/2,box2->y1+my/2,box2->p,job->cfg.cs,1) == 1
+         || num_cross(box2->x0,box2->x1,(box2->y0+box2->y1)/2,(box2->y0+box2->y1)/2,box2->p,job->cfg.cs)>2 )
+        {
+          m3 = box2->y1 - yy;  /* highest lower boundary */
+          if (job->cfg.verbose & 16)
+            fprintf(stderr," set m3= %3d %+3d yy= %d  reason1 xy= %4d %4d\n#  ",
+                    m3, m3-m1, yy, box2->x0, box2->y0);
+          // printf("\n# set1 m3 m=%3d %+2d %+2d %+2d",m1,m2-m1,m3-m1,m4-m1);
+          // out_x(box2);
+        }
+        if (box2->y0 + box2->y1 > 2*(m3 + yy)
+         && box2->y1 < m4 + yy - my/4 -1
+         && box2->y1 >= (m2 + m4)/2   // care for TeX: \(^1\)Footnote 2003
+         && m2 > m1 ) // be sure to not use ', m2 must be ok
+        {
+          m3 = box2->y1 - yy;  /* highest lower boundary */
+          if (job->cfg.verbose & 16)
+            fprintf(stderr," set m3= %3d %+3d yy= %d  reason2 xy= %4d %4d\n#  ",
+                    m3, m3-m1, yy, box2->x0, box2->y0);
+          // printf("\n# set2 m3 m=%3d %+2d %+2d %+2d",m1,m2-m1,m3-m1,m4-m1);
+          // out_x(box2);
+        }
+      } // good middle size char
+    } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist));
+
+    // ToDo: use holes for m1==m2 and m3==m4
+    if (m3==m4 && i>1) { // use predecessor 2010-10-01
+      if (m3-m1==lines->m3[i-1]-lines->m1[i-1])
+          m4= m1+lines->m4[i-1]-lines->m1[i-1];
+    }
+
+    if (m1==m2 && i>1) { // use predecessor 2010-10-01
+      if (m3-m1==lines->m3[i-1]-lines->m1[i-1])
+          m2= m1+lines->m2[i-1]-lines->m1[i-1];
+    }
+
+#if 1
+    /* this is only for test runs */
+    if (job->cfg.verbose & 16)
+      fprintf(stderr," L%02d step 1 y=%4d m= %4d %+3d %+3d %+3d x= %3d %+3d"
+                     " my=%2d chars=%3d\n#  ",
+                     i, y, m1, m2-m1, m3-m1, m4-m1, lines->x0[i], 
+                     lines->x1[i] - lines->x0[i], my, jj);
+#endif
+
+    if (m3 == m1)
+      break;
+#if 1         /* make averages about the line  */
+    // same again better estimation
+    mc = (3 * m3 + m1) / 4;	/* lower center ? */
+    ma1 = ma2 = ma3 = ma4 = i1 = i2 = i3 = i4 = jj = 0;
+    for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) {
+      box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+      if (box2->line>0 || box2->c == PICTURE) continue;
+      if (lines->dx) yy = lines->dy * box2->x0 / (lines->dx); else yy=0;
+      if (box2->y0 >= y + yy && box2->y1 < y0 + dy	// lower than y
+	  && box2->x0 >= x0 && box2->x1 < x0 + dx	// in box ?
+	  && box2->c != PICTURE	// no picture
+	  && 2 * (box2->y1 - box2->y0) > my	// right size ?
+	  && (box2->y1 - box2->y0) < 4 * my) {
+        if ( box2->y0 - yy >= m1-my/4
+          && box2->y0 - yy <= m2+my/4
+          && box2->y1 - yy >= m3-my/4
+          && box2->y1 - yy <= m4+my/4 ) { /* its within allowed range! */
+	    // jj++; // not used
+	    if (abs(box2->y0 - yy - m1) <= abs(box2->y0 - yy - m2))
+	         { i1++; ma1 += box2->y0 - yy; }
+	    else { i2++; ma2 += box2->y0 - yy; }
+	    if (abs(box2->y1 - yy - m3) < abs(box2->y1 - yy - m4))
+	         { i3++; ma3 += box2->y1 - yy; }
+	    else { i4++; ma4 += box2->y1 - yy; }
+          if (box2->x1>lines->x1[i]) lines->x1[i] = box2->x1; /* right end */
+          if (box2->x0<lines->x0[i]) lines->x0[i] = box2->x0; /* left end */
+	}
+      }
+    } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist));
+
+    if (i1)  m1 = (ma1+i1/2) / i1; /* best rounded */
+    if (i2)  m2 = (ma2+i2/2) / i2;
+    if (i3)  m3 = (ma3+i3-1) / i3; /* round up */
+    if (i4)  m4 = (ma4+i4-1) / i4;
+    // printf("\n# .. set3 m3 m=%3d %+2d %+2d %+2d",m1,m2-m1,m3-m1,m4-m1);
+
+#endif
+
+    /* expand right and left end of line */
+    for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) {
+      box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+      if (box2->line>0 || box2->c == PICTURE) continue;
+      if (lines->dx) yy = lines->dy * box2->x0 / (lines->dx);
+                else yy = 0;
+      if ( 1
+//        && box2->y1 >= m1-1 && box2->y0 <= m3+2  // 0811qemu2 2010-10-01
+//	  && box2->x1 >= lines->x0[i] - 6 -   job->res.avX
+//	  && box2->x0 <= lines->x1[i] + 6 + 4*job->res.avX // in box ?
+          && box2->x0 >= x0 && box2->x1 < x0 + dx       // in box ?
+          && box2->y1 - box2->y0 <= 3*(m4 - m1)/2       // ~ vert. lines
+          && box2->c != PICTURE	// no picture
+          && box2->y0 >= m1-(m4-m1+4)/4 // `` in 0811qemu2 2010-10-01 
+          && box2->y0 <= m4+2
+          && box2->y1 >= m1-1  // -1 for `` in 0811qemu2
+          && box2->y1 <= m4+(m4-m1+4)/4 ) { /* its within line */
+           if (box2->x1>lines->x1[i]) lines->x1[i] = box2->x1; /* right end */
+           if (box2->x0<lines->x0[i]) lines->x0[i] = box2->x0; /* left end */
+     }
+    } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist));
+
+#if 1
+    /* this is only for test runs */
+    if (job->cfg.verbose & 16)
+      fprintf(stderr," L%02d step 2 y=%4d m= %4d %+3d %+3d %+3d x= %3d %+3d\n#  ",
+        i, y, m1, m2-m1, m3-m1, m4-m1,
+        lines->x0[i], lines->x1[i]-lines->x0[i]);
+#endif
+
+    if (m4 == m1) {
+      if(m3+m4>2*y) y = (m4+m3)/2; /* lower end may overlap the next line */
+      continue;
+    }
+    jj=0;
+    lines->wt[i] = 100;
+    if (5 * (m2 - m1 +1) < m3 - m2 || (m2 - m1) < 2) jj|=1; /* same high */
+    if (5 * (m4 - m3 +1) < m3 - m2 || (m4 - m3) < 1) jj|=2; /* same base */
+    if (jj&1) lines->wt[i] = 75*lines->wt[i]/100;
+    if (jj&2) lines->wt[i] = 75*lines->wt[i]/100;
+    if (jj>0 && job->cfg.verbose) {
+      fprintf(stderr," L%02d w= %3d y= %3d m= %4d %+3d %+3d %+3d\n#  ",i,lines->wt[i],y,m1,m2-m1,m3-m1,m4-m1);
+      fprintf(stderr," L%02d        y= %3d i=  %3d %3d %3d %3d (counts)\n#  ",i,y,i1,i2,i3,i4);
+      if (jj==3) fprintf(stderr," all boxes of same high! mi=%d\n#  ",mi-m1);
+      if (jj==1) fprintf(stderr," all boxes of same upper bound!\n#  ");
+      if (jj==2) fprintf(stderr," all boxes of same lower bound!\n#  ");
+     }
+    /* ToDo: check for dots ij,. to get the missing information */
+#if 1
+    // ToDo: do this after all lines are detected using info of other lines?
+    //  or use all chars to solve problem cases
+    if (mi<m1-(m4-m1)) mi=0; // mi failed
+    /* jj=3: ABCDEF123456 or mnmno or gqpy or lkhfdtb => we are in trouble */
+    /* 2010-10-06 my/8 to my/5, see examples/ocr-b */
+    if (jj==3 && (m4-m1)>=my) { jj=0; m2=m1+my/5+1; m4=m3+my/5+1; } /* ABC123 */
+    /* using idots, may fail on "ABCDEFG&Auml;&Uuml;&Ouml;" */
+    if (jj==3 && mi>0 && mi<m1 && mi>m4pre) { jj=2; m1=mi; } /* use ij dots */
+    if (jj==1 && m2-(m3-m2)/4>m3pre ) {      /* expect: acegmnopqrsuvwxyz */
+      if (m1-m4pre<m4-m1)               /* fails for 0123ABCD+Q$ */
+        m1 = ( m2 + m4pre ) / 2 ;
+      else
+        m1 = ( m2 - (m3 - m2) / 4 );
+    }
+    if (jj==3)
+      m2 = m1 + (m3 - m1) / 4 + 1;	/* expect: 0123456789ABCDEF */
+    if ( (m2 - m1) < 2)
+      m2 = m1 + 2;                      /* font hight < 8 pixel ? */
+    if (jj&2)
+      m4 = m3 + (m4 - m1) / 4 + 1;	/* chars have same lower base */
+    if (jj>0 && job->cfg.verbose & 16) {
+      fprintf(stderr," L%02d jj %3d y= %3d m= %4d %+3d %+3d %+3d  my= %4d\n#  ",
+              i, jj, y, m1, m2-m1, m3-m1, m4-m1, my);
+     }
+#endif
+
+    
+    {				// empty space between lines
+      lines->m4[i] = m4;
+      lines->m3[i] = m3;
+      lines->m2[i] = m2;
+      lines->m1[i] = m1;
+      lines->pitch[i] = job->cfg.spc; /* default word pitch */
+      lines->mono[i] = 0;             /* default spacing, 0=prop, 1=mono */
+      if (job->cfg.verbose & 16)
+	fprintf(stderr, " L%02d final  y= %3d m= %4d %+3d %+3d %+3d x= %3d %+3d w= %d\n#  ",
+		i, y, m1, m2 - m1, m3 - m1, m4 - m1, lines->x0[i],
+		lines->x1[i] - lines->x0[i], lines->wt[i]);
+      if (i < MAXlines && m4 - m1 > 4)
+	i++;
+      if (i >= MAXlines) {
+	fprintf(stderr, "Warning: lines>MAXlines\n");
+	break;
+      }
+    }
+    if (m3+m4>2*y) y = (m3+m4)/2;  /* lower end may overlap the next line */
+    if (m3>m3pre) m3pre = m3; else m3=y0; /* set for next-line scan */
+    if (m4>m4pre) m4pre = m4; else m4=y0; /* set for next-line scan */
+  }
+  lines->num = i;
+  if (job->cfg.verbose)
+    fprintf(stderr, " num_lines= %d", lines->num-1);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+// ----- layout analyzis of dx*dy region at x0,y0 -----
+// ----- detect lines via recursive division (new version) ---------------
+//   what about text in frames???
+//  ToDo: change to bottom-top analyse or/and take rotation into account
+int detect_lines2(pix *p,int x0,int y0,int dx,int dy,int r){
+    int i,x2,y2,x3,y3,x4,y4,x5,y5,y6,mx,my,x30,x31,y30,y31;
+    struct box *box2,*box3;
+    job_t *job=OCR_JOB; /* fixme */
+    // shrink box
+    if(dx<=0 || dy<=0) return 0;
+    if(y0+dy<  p->y/128 && y0==0) return 0;       /* looks like dust */
+    if(y0>p->y-p->y/128 && y0+dy==p->y) return 0; /* looks like dust */
+    
+    if(r>1000){ return -1;} // something is wrong
+    if(job->cfg.verbose)fprintf(stderr,"\n# r=%2d ",r);
+
+    mx=my=i=0; // mean thickness
+    // remove border, shrink size
+    x2=x0+dx-1;  // min x
+    y2=y0+dy-1;  // min y
+    x3=x0;	// max x
+    y3=y0;	// max y
+    for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) {
+      box3 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+      if(box3->y0>=y0  && box3->y1<y0+dy &&
+         box3->x0>=x0  && box3->x1<x0+dx)
+      {
+    	if( box3->x1 > x3 ) x3=box3->x1; // max x
+        if( box3->x0 < x2 ) x2=box3->x0; // min x
+        if( box3->y1 > y3 ) y3=box3->y1; // max y
+        if( box3->y0 < y2 ) y2=box3->y0; // min y
+        if(box3->c!=PICTURE)
+        if( box3->y1 - box3->y0 > 4 )
+        {
+          i++;
+      	  mx+=box3->x1-box3->x0+1; // mean x
+          my+=box3->y1-box3->y0+1; // mean y
+        }
+      }
+    } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist));
+    x0=x2; dx=x3-x2+1;
+    y0=y2; dy=y3-y2+1;
+
+    if(i==0 || dx<=0 || dy<=0) return 0;
+    mx/=i;my/=i;
+    // better look for widest h/v-gap, ToDo: vertical lines?
+    if(r<8){ // max. depth
+
+      // detect widest horizontal gap
+      y2=y3=y4=y5=y6=0;
+      x2=x3=x4=x5=y5=0;// min. 3 lines
+      // position and thickness of gap, y6=num_gaps, nbox^2 ops
+      for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) { // not very efficient, sorry
+	box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+        if( box2->c!=PICTURE ) /* ToDo: not sure, that this is a good idea */
+        if( box2->y0>=y0  && box2->y1<y0+dy
+         && box2->x0>=x0  && box2->x1<x0+dx
+         && box2->y1-box2->y0>my/2 ){ // no pictures & dust???
+
+      	  y4=y0+dy-1;  // nearest vert. box
+          x4=x0+dx-1;
+          // ToDo: rotate back box2->x1,y1 to x21,y21
+          // look for nearest lowest (y4) and right (x4) neighbour
+          //   of every box (box2)
+	  for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) {
+	    box3 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+	    if(box3!=box2)
+            if(box3->y0>=y0  && box3->y1<y0+dy)
+            if(box3->x0>=x0  && box3->x1<x0+dx)
+     	    if(box3->c!=PICTURE) /* ToDo: not sure, that this is a good idea */
+       	    if(box3->y1-box3->y0>my/2 ){
+       	      // ToDo: here we need the rotation around box2
+       	      x30=box3->x0;
+       	      x31=box3->x1;
+       	      y30=box3->y0;
+       	      y31=box3->y1;
+       	      // get min. distances to lower and to right direction
+              if( y31 > box2->y1  &&  y30 < y4 ) y4=y30-1;
+              if( x31 > box2->x1  &&  x30 < x4 ) x4=x30-1;
+            }
+      	  } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist));
+      	  // set the witdht and position of largest hor./vert. gap
+          // largest gap:          width           position
+          if( y4-box2->y1 > y3 ) { y3=y4-box2->y1; y2=(y4+box2->y1)/2; }
+          if( x4-box2->x1 > x3 ) { x3=x4-box2->x1; x2=(x4+box2->x1)/2; }
+	}
+      } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist)); 
+      // fprintf(stderr,"\n widest y-gap= %4d %4d",y2,y3);
+      // fprintf(stderr,"\n widest x-gap= %4d %4d",x2,x3);
+
+      i=0; // i=1 at x, i=2 at y
+      // this is the critical point
+      // is this a good decision or not???
+      if(x3>0 || y3>0){
+        if(x3>mx && x3>2*y3 && (dy>5*x3 || (x3>10*y3 && y3>0))) i=1; else
+        if(dx>5*y3 && y3>my) i=2;
+      }
+
+      // compare with largest box???
+      for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) { // not very efficient, sorry
+	box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+        if( box2->c == PICTURE )
+        if( box2->y0>=y0  && box2->y1<y0+dy
+         && box2->x0>=x0  && box2->x1<x0+dx )
+        { // hline ???
+          // largest gap:                  width position
+          if( box2->x1-box2->x0+4 > dx && box2->y1+4<y0+dy ) { y3=1; y2=box2->y1+1; i=2; break; }
+          if( box2->x1-box2->x0+4 > dx && box2->y0-4>y0    ) { y3=1; y2=box2->y0-1; i=2; break; }
+          if( box2->y1-box2->y0+4 > dy && box2->x1+4<x0+dx ) { x3=1; x2=box2->x1+1; i=1; break; }
+          if( box2->y1-box2->y0+4 > dy && box2->x0-4>x0    ) { x3=1; x2=box2->x0-1; i=1; break; }
+	}
+      } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist)); 
+      if(job->cfg.verbose)fprintf(stderr," i=%d",i);
+
+      if(job->cfg.verbose && i) fprintf(stderr," divide at %s x=%4d y=%4d dx=%4d dy=%4d",
+        ((i)?( (i==1)?"x":"y" ):"?"),x2,y2,x3,y3);
+      // divide horizontally if v-gap is thicker than h-gap
+      // and length is larger 5*width
+      if(i==1){        detect_lines2(p,x0,y0,x2-x0+1,dy,r+1);
+                return detect_lines2(p,x2,y0,x0+dx-x2+1,dy,r+1); }
+      // divide vertically
+      if(i==2){        detect_lines2(p,x0,y0,dx,y2-y0+1,r+1);
+                return detect_lines2(p,x0,y2,dx,y0+dy-y2+1,r+1);  
+      }
+    }
+
+
+    if(job->cfg.verbose) if(dx<5 || dy<7)fprintf(stderr," empty box");
+    if(dx<5 || dy<7) return 0; // do not care about dust
+    if(job->cfg.verbose)fprintf(stderr, " box detected at %4d %4d %4d %4d",x0,y0,dx,dy);
+    if(job->tmp.ppo.p){
+        for(i=0;i<dx;i++)put(&job->tmp.ppo,x0+i   ,y0     ,255,16);
+        for(i=0;i<dx;i++)put(&job->tmp.ppo,x0+i   ,y0+dy-1,255,16);
+        for(i=0;i<dy;i++)put(&job->tmp.ppo,x0     ,y0+i   ,255,16);
+        for(i=0;i<dy;i++)put(&job->tmp.ppo,x0+dx-1,y0+i   ,255,16);
+        // writebmp("out10.bmp",p2,job->cfg.verbose); // colored should be better
+    }
+    return detect_lines1(p,x0-0*1,y0-0*2,dx+0*2,dy+0*3);
+
+/*
+    struct tlines *lines = &job->res.lines;
+    i=lines->num; lines->num++;
+    lines->m1[i]=y0;          lines->m2[i]=y0+5*dy/16;
+    lines->m3[i]=y0+12*dy/16; lines->m4[i]=y0+dy-1;
+    lines->x0[i]=x0;          lines->x1[i]=x0+dx-1;
+    if(job->cfg.verbose)fprintf(stderr," - line= %d",lines->num);
+    return 0;
+ */
+}
+
+/* ToDo: herons algorithm for square root x=(x+y/x)/2 is more efficient
+ *       than interval subdivision (?) (germ.: Intervallschachtelung)
+ *       without using matlib
+ *  see http://www.math.vt.edu/people/brown/doc/sqrts.pdf
+ */
+int my_sqrt(int x){
+  int y0=0,y1=x,ym;
+  for (;y0<y1-1;){
+    ym=(y0+y1)/2;
+    if (ym*ym<x) y0=ym; else y1=ym;
+  }
+  return y0;
+}
+
+/*
+** Detect rotation angle (one for whole image)
+** old: longest text-line and determining the angle of this line.
+ *
+ * search right nearest neighbour of each box and average vectors
+ * to get the text orientation,
+ * upside down decision is not made here (I dont know how to do it)
+ *  ToDo: set job->res.lines.{dx,dy}
+ * pass 1: get mean vector to nearest char
+ * pass 2: get mean vector to nearest char without outriders to pass 1
+ * extimate direction as (dx,dy,num)[pass]
+ * ToDo: estimate an error, boxes only work fine for zero-rotation
+ *       for 45 degree use vectors, not boxes to get base line
+ */
+#define INorm 1024   /* integer unit 1.0 */
+int detect_rotation_angle(job_t *job){
+  struct box *box2, *box3,
+        *box_nn;  /* nearest neighbour box */
+  int x2, y2, x3, y3, dist, mindist, pass,
+      rx=0, ry=0, re=0,  // final result
+      /* to avoid 2nd run, wie store pairs in 2 different categories */
+      nn[4]={0,0,0,0}, /* num_pairs used for estimation [(pass-1)%2,pass%2] */ 
+      dx[4]={0,0,0,0}, /* x-component of rotation vector per pass */
+      dy[4]={0,0,0,0}, /* y-component of rotation vector per pass */ 
+      er[4]={INorm/4,0,0,0}; /* mean angle deviation to pass-1 (radius^2) */
+      // de;         /* ToDo: absolute maximum error (dx^2+dy^2) */ 
+      // ToDo: next pass: go to bigger distances and reduce max error
+      // error is diff between passes? or diff of bottoms and top borders (?)
+
+  rx=1024; ry=0;  // default
+  for (pass=0;pass<4;pass++) {
+    for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) {
+      box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+      if (box2->c==PICTURE) continue;
+      /* subfunction probability of char */
+      // i?
+      // if  (box2->x1 - box2->x0 < 3) continue; /* smallest font is 4x6 */
+      if  (box2->y1 - box2->y0 < 4) continue;
+      /* set maximum possible distance */
+      box_nn=box2; // initial box to compare with
+
+      // ToDo: clustering or majority
+      // the algorithm is far from being perfect, pitfalls are likely
+      // but its better than the old algorithm, ToDo: database-rotated-images
+      mindist = job->src.p.x * job->src.p.x + job->src.p.y * job->src.p.y;
+      /* get middle point of the box */
+      x2 = (box2->x0 + box2->x1)/2;
+      y2 = (box2->y0 + box2->y1)/2;
+      re=0;
+      /* search for nearest neighbour box_nn[pass+1] of box_nn[pass] */
+      for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) {
+        box3 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+        /* try to select only potential neighbouring chars */
+        /* select out all senseless combinations */ 
+        if (box3->c==PICTURE || box3==box2) continue;
+        x3 = (box3->x0 + box3->x1)/2;
+        y3 = (box3->y0 + box3->y1)/2; /* get middle point of the box */
+        if (x3<x2) continue; /* simplify by going right only */
+        // through-away deviation of angles if > pass-1?
+        // scalprod max in direction, cross prod min in direction
+        //  a,b (vectors): <a,b>^2/(|a|*|b|)^2 = 0(90deg)..0.5(45deg).. 1(0deg)
+        //   * 1024 ??
+        if (pass>0) {  // new variant = scalar product
+          // danger of int overflow, ToDo: use int fraction
+          re =(int) ((1.*(x3-x2)*dx[pass-1]+(y3-y2)*dy[pass-1])
+              *(1.*(x3-x2)*dx[pass-1]+(y3-y2)*dy[pass-1])*INorm
+              /(1.*((x3-x2)*(x3-x2)+(y3-y2)*(y3-y2))
+               *(1.*dx[pass-1]*dx[pass-1]+dy[pass-1]*dy[pass-1])));
+          if (INorm-re>er[pass-1]) continue; // hits mean deviation
+        }
+        /* neighbours should have same order of size (?) */
+        if (3*(box3->y1-box3->y0+4) < 2*(box2->y1-box2->y0+1)) continue;
+        if (2*(box3->y1-box3->y0+1) > 3*(box2->y1-box2->y0+4)) continue;
+        if (2*(box3->x1-box3->x0+1) > 5*(box2->x1-box2->x0+4)) continue;
+        if (5*(box3->x1-box3->x0+4) < 2*(box2->x1-box2->x0+1)) continue;
+        /* should be in right range, Idea: center3 outside box2? noholes */
+        if ((x3<box2->x1-1) && (x3>box2->x0+1)
+         && (y3<box2->y1-1) && (y3>box2->y0+1)) continue;
+        // if chars are of different size, connect careful 
+        if (  abs(x3-x2) > 2*(box2->x1 - box2->x0 + box3->x1 - box3 ->x0 + 2)) continue;
+        if (  abs(y3-y2) >   (box2->x1 - box2->x0 + box3->x1 - box3 ->x0 + 2)) continue;
+        dist = (y3-y2)*(y3-y2) + (x3-x2)*(x3-x2);
+        // make distances in pass-1 directions shorter or continue if not in pass-1 range?
+        if (dist<9) continue; /* minimum distance^2 is 3^2 */
+        if (dist<mindist) { mindist=dist; box_nn=box3;}
+        // fprintf(stderr,"x y %d %d  %d %d dist %d min %d\n",
+        //         x2,y2,x3,y3,dist,mindist);
+      } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist));
+      
+      if (box_nn==box2) continue; /* has no neighbour, next box */
+      
+      box3=box_nn; dist=mindist;
+      x3 = (box3->x0 + box3->x1)/2;
+      y3 = (box3->y0 + box3->y1)/2; /* get middle point of the box */
+      // dist = my_sqrt(1024*((x3-x2)*(x3-x2)+(y3-y2)*(y3-y2)));
+      // compare with first box
+      x2 = (box2->x0 + box2->x1)/2;
+      y2 = (box2->y0 + box2->y1)/2;
+      // if the high of neighbouring boxes differ, use min diff (y0,y1)
+      if (pass>0 && 16*abs(dy[pass-1]) < dx[pass-1]) // dont work for strong rot.
+      if (abs(box2->y1-box2->y0-box3->y1+box3->y0)>(box2->y1-box2->y0)/8) {
+        // ad eh ck ...
+        if (abs(box2->y1-box3->y1)<abs(y3-y2)) { y2=box2->y1; y3=box3->y1; }
+        // ag ep qu ...
+        if (abs(box2->y0-box3->y0)<abs(y3-y2)) { y2=box2->y0; y3=box3->y0; }
+      }
+      if (abs(x3-x2)<4) continue;
+      dx[pass]+=(x3-x2)*1024; /* normalized before averaging */
+      dy[pass]+=(y3-y2)*1024; /* 1024 is for the precision */
+      nn[pass]++;
+      if (pass>0) { // set error = mean deviation from pass -1
+        re = INorm-(int)((1.*(x3-x2)*dx[pass-1]+(y3-y2)*dy[pass-1])
+                    *(1.*(x3-x2)*dx[pass-1]+(y3-y2)*dy[pass-1])*INorm
+                    /((1.*(x3-x2)*(x3-x2)+(y3-y2)*(y3-y2))
+                     *(1.*dx[pass-1]*dx[pass-1]+dy[pass-1]*dy[pass-1]))
+                    );
+        er[pass]+=re;
+      }
+#if 0
+      if(job->cfg.verbose)
+        fprintf(stderr,"# next nb (x,y,dx,dy,re) %6d %6d %5d %5d %5d pass %d\n",
+                x2, y2, x3-x2, y3-y2, re, pass+1);
+#endif      
+    } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist));
+    if (!nn[pass]) break;
+    if (nn[pass]) {
+      /* meanvalues */
+      rx=dx[pass]/=nn[pass];
+      ry=dy[pass]/=nn[pass];
+      if (pass>0) er[pass]/=nn[pass];
+    }
+    if(job->cfg.verbose)
+      fprintf(stderr,"# rotation angle (x,y,maxr,num)"
+                     " %6d %6d %6d %4d pass %d\n",
+              rx, ry, er[pass], nn[pass], pass+1);
+  }
+  if (abs(ry*100)>abs(rx*50))
+    fprintf(stderr,"<!-- gocr will fail, strong rotation angle detected -->\n");
+  /* ToDo: normalize to 2^10 bit (square fits to 32 it) */
+  job->res.lines.dx=rx;
+  job->res.lines.dy=ry;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* ----- detect lines --------------- */
+int detect_text_lines(pix * pp, int mo) {
+  int vvv=OCR_JOB->cfg.verbose; /* fixme (global var) */
+
+  if (vvv)
+    fprintf(stderr, "# detect.c detect_text_lines (vvv=16 for more info)\n");
+  if (mo & 4){
+    if (vvv) fprintf(stderr, "# zoning\n# ... ");
+    detect_lines2(pp, 0, 0, pp->x, pp->y, 0);	// later replaced by better algo
+  } else 
+    detect_lines1(pp, 0, 0, pp->x, pp->y);	// old algo
+
+  if (vvv) fprintf(stderr,"\n");
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+/* ----- adjust lines --------------- */
+// rotation angle? OCR_JOB->res.lines.dy, .x0  removed later
+// this is for cases, where m1..m4 is not very sure detected before 
+//  chars are recognized
+int adjust_text_lines(pix * pp, int mo) {
+  job_t *job=OCR_JOB; /* fixme */
+  struct box *box2;
+  int *m, /* summ m1..m4, num_chars for m1..m4, min m1..m4, max. m1..m4 */
+      l, i, dy, dx, diff=0, y0, y1;
+
+  if ((l=job->res.lines.num)<2) return 0;  // ???
+  if (job->cfg.verbose)
+    fprintf(stderr, "# detect.c adjust_text_lines() ");
+  m=(int *)malloc(l*16*sizeof(int));
+  if (!m) { fprintf(stderr," malloc failed\n"); return 0;}
+  for (i=0;i<16*l;i++) m[i]=0; /* initialize */
+  dy=job->res.lines.dy;  /* tan(alpha) of skewing */
+  dx=job->res.lines.dx;  /* old: width of image */
+  // js: later skewing is replaced by one transformation of vectorized image 
+
+  if (dx)
+  for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) {
+    box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+    if (box2->line<=0) continue;
+    if (box2->num_ac<1) continue;
+    // if (box2->wac[0]<95) continue;
+    if (box2->wac[0]<98) continue; // 2010-10-08 95 is to bad, '' as bad r
+    if (box2->m2==0 || box2->y1<box2->m2) continue; // char outside line
+    if (box2->m3==4 || box2->y0>box2->m3) continue; // char outside line
+    y0=box2->y0-((box2->x1)*dy/dx); /* corrected by page skewing */
+    y1=box2->y1-((box2->x1)*dy/dx);
+    if (strchr("aemnr",(char)box2->tac[0])) {  // cC vV sS oO ... is unsure!
+      m[box2->line*16+1]+=y0; m[box2->line*16+5]++; // num m2
+      m[box2->line*16+2]+=y1; m[box2->line*16+6]++; // num m3
+      if (m[box2->line*16+ 9]>y0) m[box2->line*16+ 9]=y0; /* min m2 */
+      if (m[box2->line*16+13]<y0) m[box2->line*16+13]=y0; /* max m2 */
+      if (m[box2->line*16+10]>y1) m[box2->line*16+10]=y1; /* min m3 */
+      if (m[box2->line*16+14]<y1) m[box2->line*16+14]=y1; /* max m3 */
+    }
+    if (strchr("bdhklABDEFGHIKLMNRT12346789",(char)box2->tac[0])) { // ~oO s5
+      m[box2->line*16+0]+=y0; m[box2->line*16+4]++; // num m1
+      m[box2->line*16+2]+=y1; m[box2->line*16+6]++; // num m3
+      if (m[box2->line*16+ 8]>y0) m[box2->line*16+ 8]=y0; /* min m1 */
+      if (m[box2->line*16+12]<y0) m[box2->line*16+12]=y0; /* max m1 */
+      if (m[box2->line*16+10]>y1) m[box2->line*16+10]=y1; /* min m3 */
+      if (m[box2->line*16+14]<y1) m[box2->line*16+14]=y1; /* max m3 */
+    }
+    if (strchr("gq",(char)box2->tac[0])) {  // pP is unsure
+      m[box2->line*16+1]+=y0; m[box2->line*16+5]++; // num m2
+      m[box2->line*16+3]+=y1; m[box2->line*16+7]++; // num m4
+      if (m[box2->line*16+ 9]>y0) m[box2->line*16+ 9]=y0; /* min m2 */
+      if (m[box2->line*16+13]<y0) m[box2->line*16+13]=y0; /* max m2 */
+      if (m[box2->line*16+11]>y1) m[box2->line*16+11]=y1; /* min m4 */
+      if (m[box2->line*16+15]<y1) m[box2->line*16+15]=y1; /* max m4 */
+    }
+  } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist));
+  
+  for (i=1;i<l;i++) {
+    diff=0; // show diff per line
+    if (m[i*16+4]) diff+=abs(job->res.lines.m1[i]-m[i*16+0]/m[i*16+4]);
+    if (m[i*16+5]) diff+=abs(job->res.lines.m2[i]-m[i*16+1]/m[i*16+5]);
+    if (m[i*16+6]) diff+=abs(job->res.lines.m3[i]-m[i*16+2]/m[i*16+6]);
+    if (m[i*16+7]) diff+=abs(job->res.lines.m4[i]-m[i*16+3]/m[i*16+7]);
+    /* recalculate sureness, empirically */
+    if (m[i*16+4]*m[i*16+5]*m[i*16+6]*m[i*16+7] > 0)
+      job->res.lines.wt[i]=(job->res.lines.wt[i]+100)/2;
+    else 
+      job->res.lines.wt[i]=(job->res.lines.wt[i]*90)/100;
+    // set mean values of sure detected bounds (rounded precisely)
+    if ( m[i*16+4]) job->res.lines.m1[i]=(m[i*16+0]+m[i*16+4]/2)/m[i*16+4];
+    if ( m[i*16+5]) job->res.lines.m2[i]=(m[i*16+1]+m[i*16+5]/2)/m[i*16+5];
+    if ( m[i*16+6]) job->res.lines.m3[i]=(m[i*16+2]+m[i*16+6]/2)/m[i*16+6];
+    if ( m[i*16+7]) job->res.lines.m4[i]=(m[i*16+3]+m[i*16+7]/2)/m[i*16+7];
+    // care about very small fonts
+    if (job->res.lines.m2[i]-job->res.lines.m1[i]<=1 && m[i*16+5]==0 && m[i*16+4])
+        job->res.lines.m2[i]=job->res.lines.m1[i]+2;
+    if (job->res.lines.m2[i]-job->res.lines.m1[i]<=1 && m[i*16+4]==0 && m[i*16+5])
+        job->res.lines.m1[i]=job->res.lines.m2[i]-2;
+    if (job->res.lines.m4[i]-job->res.lines.m3[i]<=1 && m[i*16+7]==0 && m[i*16+6])
+        job->res.lines.m4[i]=job->res.lines.m3[i]+2;
+    if (job->res.lines.m4[i]-job->res.lines.m3[i]<=1 && m[i*16+6]==0 && m[i*16+7])
+        job->res.lines.m3[i]=job->res.lines.m4[i]-2;
+    if ( m[i*16+7]<1 &&
+        job->res.lines.m4[i]
+      <=job->res.lines.m3[i]+(job->res.lines.m3[i]-job->res.lines.m2[i])/4 )
+        job->res.lines.m4[i]=
+        job->res.lines.m3[i]+(job->res.lines.m3[i]-job->res.lines.m2[i])/4;
+    if ( m[i*16+7]<1 && m[i*16+12+2]>0 &&   // m4 < max.m3+..
+        job->res.lines.m4[i] < 2*m[i*16+12+2]-job->res.lines.m3[i]+2 )
+        job->res.lines.m4[i] = 2*m[i*16+12+2]-job->res.lines.m3[i]+2;
+    if (job->res.lines.m4[i]<=job->res.lines.m3[i])
+        job->res.lines.m4[i]= job->res.lines.m3[i]+1; /* 4x6 */
+                   
+    if (job->cfg.verbose & 17)
+      fprintf(stderr, "\n#  line= %3d m= %4d %+3d %+3d %+3d "
+                         " n= %2d %2d %2d %2d  w= %3d diff= %d",
+	i, job->res.lines.m1[i],
+	   job->res.lines.m2[i] - job->res.lines.m1[i],
+	   job->res.lines.m3[i] - job->res.lines.m1[i],
+	   job->res.lines.m4[i] - job->res.lines.m1[i],
+	   m[i*16+4],m[i*16+5],m[i*16+6],m[i*16+7],
+	   job->res.lines.wt[i], diff);
+  }
+  diff=0; // count adjusted chars
+#if 1
+  if (dx)
+  for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) {
+    box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+    if (box2->line<=0) continue;
+    /* check if box was on the wrong line, ToDo: search a better line */
+    if (2*box2->y0<2*job->res.lines.m1[box2->line]
+                    -job->res.lines.m4[box2->line]
+                    +job->res.lines.m1[box2->line]) box2->line=0;
+    if (2*box2->y1>2*job->res.lines.m4[box2->line]
+                    +job->res.lines.m4[box2->line]
+                    -job->res.lines.m1[box2->line]) box2->line=0;
+    /* do adjustments */
+    if (box2->num_ac>0
+     && box2->num_ac > 31 && box2->tac[0] < 127 /* islower(>256) may SIGSEGV */
+     && strchr("cCoOpPsSuUvVwWxXyYzZ",(char)box2->tac[0])) { // no_wchar
+      if (box2->y0-((box2->x1)*dy/dx)
+       < (job->res.lines.m1[box2->line]+job->res.lines.m2[box2->line])/2
+      && islower(box2->tac[0])
+      ) { setac(box2,toupper((char)box2->tac[0]),(box2->wac[0]+101)/2); diff++; }
+      if (box2->y0-((box2->x1)*dy/dx)
+       > (job->res.lines.m1[box2->line]+job->res.lines.m2[box2->line]+1)/2
+      && isupper(box2->tac[0])
+      ){ setac(box2,tolower((char)box2->tac[0]),(box2->wac[0]+101)/2); diff++; }
+    }
+    box2->m1=job->res.lines.m1[box2->line]+((box2->x1)*dy/dx);
+    box2->m2=job->res.lines.m2[box2->line]+((box2->x1)*dy/dx);
+    box2->m3=job->res.lines.m3[box2->line]+((box2->x1)*dy/dx);
+    box2->m4=job->res.lines.m4[box2->line]+((box2->x1)*dy/dx);
+  } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist));
+#endif
+
+  free(m);
+  if(job->cfg.verbose) fprintf(stderr,"\n#  changed_chars= %d\n",diff);
+  return(diff);
+}
+
+/* ---- measure mean character
+ * recalculate mean width and high after changes in boxlist
+ * ToDo: only within a Range?
+ */
+int calc_average() {
+  int i = 0, x0, y0, x1, y1;
+  struct box *box4;
+  job_t *job=OCR_JOB; /* fixme */
+
+  job->res.numC = 0;
+  job->res.sumY = 0;
+  job->res.sumX = 0;
+  for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) {
+    box4 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+    if( box4->c != PICTURE ){
+      x0 = box4->x0;    x1 = box4->x1;
+      y0 = box4->y0;    y1 = box4->y1;
+      i++;
+      if (job->res.avX * job->res.avY > 0) {
+        if (x1 - x0 + 1 > 4 * job->res.avX
+         && y1 - y0 + 1 > 4 * job->res.avY) continue; /* small picture */
+        if (4 * (y1 - y0 + 1) < job->res.avY || y1 - y0 < 2) 
+          continue;	// dots .,-_ etc.
+      }
+      if (x1 - x0 + 1 < 4 
+       && y1 - y0 + 1 < 6 ) continue; /* dots etc */
+      job->res.sumX += x1 - x0 + 1;
+      job->res.sumY += y1 - y0 + 1;
+      job->res.numC++;
+    }
+  } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist));
+  if ( job->res.numC ) {		/* avoid div 0 */
+    job->res.avY = (job->res.sumY+job->res.numC/2) / job->res.numC;
+    job->res.avX = (job->res.sumX+job->res.numC/2) / job->res.numC;
+  }
+  if (job->cfg.verbose){
+    fprintf(stderr, "# averages: mXmY= %d %d nC= %d n= %d\n",
+  	    job->res.avX, job->res.avY, job->res.numC, i);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+/* ---- analyse boxes, find pictures and mark (do this first!!!)
+ */
+int detect_pictures(job_t *job) {
+  int i = 0, x0, y0, x1, y1, num_h;
+  struct box *box2, *box4;
+
+  if ( job->res.numC == 0 ) {
+    if (job->cfg.verbose) fprintf(stderr,
+      "# detect.c L%d Warning: numC=0\n", __LINE__);
+   return -1;
+  }
+  /* ToDo: set Y to uppercase mean value? */
+  job->res.avY = (job->res.sumY+job->res.numC/2) / job->res.numC;
+  job->res.avX = (job->res.sumX+job->res.numC/2) / job->res.numC;
+  /* ToDo: two highest volumes? crosses, on extreme volume + on border */
+  if (job->cfg.verbose)
+    fprintf(stderr, "# detect.c L%d pictures, frames, mXmY= %d %d ... ",
+  	    __LINE__, job->res.avX, job->res.avY);
+  for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) {
+    box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+    if (box2->c == PICTURE) continue;
+    x0 = box2->x0;    x1 = box2->x1;
+    y0 = box2->y0;    y1 = box2->y1;
+
+    /* pictures could be of unusual size */ 
+    if (x1 - x0 + 1 > 4 * job->res.avX || y1 - y0 + 1 > 4 * job->res.avY) {
+      /* count objects on same baseline which could be chars */
+      /* else: big headlines could be misinterpreted as pictures */
+      num_h=0;
+      for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) {
+        box4 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist));
+        if (box4->c == PICTURE) continue;
+        if (box4->y1-box4->y0 > 2*(y1-y0)) continue;
+        if (2*(box4->y1-box4->y0) < y1-y0) continue;
+        if (box4->y0 > y0 + (y1-y0+1)/2
+         || box4->y0 < y0 - (y1-y0+1)/2
+         || box4->y1 > y1 + (y1-y0+1)/2
+         || box4->y1 < y1 - (y1-y0+1)/2)  continue;
+        // ToDo: continue if numcross() only 1, example: |||IIIll|||
+        num_h++;
+      } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist));
+      if (num_h>4) continue;
+      box2->c = PICTURE;
+      i++;
+    }
+    /* ToDo: pictures could have low contrast=Sum((pixel(p,x,y)-160)^2) */
+  } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist));
+  // start second iteration
+  if (job->cfg.verbose) {
+    fprintf(stderr, " %d - boxes %d\n", i, job->res.numC-i);
+  }
+  calc_average();
+  return 0;
+}