gimme_wikidata 0.4.2
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- checksums.yaml +7 -0
- data/.gitignore +18 -0
- data/.travis.yml +4 -0
- data/Gemfile +4 -0
- data/LICENSE.txt +21 -0
- data/README.md +138 -0
- data/Rakefile +15 -0
- data/bin/console +16 -0
- data/bin/setup +7 -0
- data/gimme_wikidata.gemspec +48 -0
- data/img/gimme_wikidata_logo.png +0 -0
- data/lib/gimme_wikidata.rb +143 -0
- data/lib/gimme_wikidata/claim.rb +65 -0
- data/lib/gimme_wikidata/entity.rb +157 -0
- data/lib/gimme_wikidata/entity_result.rb +37 -0
- data/lib/gimme_wikidata/enums.rb +61 -0
- data/lib/gimme_wikidata/extensions.rb +42 -0
- data/lib/gimme_wikidata/item.rb +18 -0
- data/lib/gimme_wikidata/parser.rb +211 -0
- data/lib/gimme_wikidata/printer.rb +29 -0
- data/lib/gimme_wikidata/property.rb +18 -0
- data/lib/gimme_wikidata/search.rb +55 -0
- data/lib/gimme_wikidata/version.rb +3 -0
- data/lib/gimme_wikidata/wikidata_api.rb +123 -0
- metadata +384 -0
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module GimmeWikidata
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##
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# Models an Entity on Wikidata.
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#
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# An Entity is suclassed into Item and Property.
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#
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# An Entity has to have a valid Wikidata id, but the other class data is optional
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#
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# See: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Glossary#Entities.2C_items.2C_properties_and_queries
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class Entity
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##
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# The Wikidata id of the Entity in the form 'PN' or 'QN' where 'P' means Property and 'Q' means Item. N can be any positive integer.
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attr_reader :id
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##
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# The Entity's label (in the language specified by WikidataAPI). Can be nil in the case of an unresolved Entity.
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attr_accessor :label
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##
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# The Entity's description (in the language specified by WikidataAPI). Can be nil in the case of an unresolved Entity.
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attr_accessor :description
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##
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# The Entity's aliases (in the language specified by WikidataAPI). Can be an empty array in the case of an unresolved Entity.
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attr_accessor :aliases
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##
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# Each Entity has a number of claims, stored as an array of Claim objects.
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attr_accessor :claims
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def initialize(id, label = nil, description = nil, aliases = nil, claims = [])
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throw ArgumentError.new "Invalid Wikidata Entity id: #{id}" unless GimmeWikidata.valid_id? id
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@id = id
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@label = label
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@description = description
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@aliases = aliases
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@claims = claims
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@claims = [] if @claims.nil?
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end
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##
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# Does this Entity have a fingerprint (an +id+, +title+ and +description+)
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#
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# Returns:
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# - boolean
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def has_fingerprint?
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!(@id.nil? || @label.nil? || @description.nil?)
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end
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##
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# Does this Entity have any claims?
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#
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# Returns:
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# - boolean
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def has_claims?
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!(@claims.empty?)
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end
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##
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# Get all the Claims which have Properties with the passed id
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def claims_with_property_id(id)
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raise ArgumentError.new 'Invaild Wikidata Id' unless GimmeWikidata.valid_id? id
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claims = []
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@claims.each do |c|
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claims << c if c.property.id == id
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end
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claims
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end
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##
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# Get more data on an Entity's Properties
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#
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# Entities have Properties (through Claims), which are by default only returned as ids. This function gets more details for each of these.
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#
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# * *Parameters:*
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# - +props+ -> The Props to fetch. Defaults to +Props::LABELS+.
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# * *Returns:*
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# - +nil+
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# * *Raises:*
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# - +StandardError+ -> if there was an error in fetching the data
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def resolve_properties(props = [Props::LABELS])
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return nil unless has_claims?
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unique_property_ids = (claims.map {|c| c.property.id}).uniq
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# Get only the labels for the Entity's Properties from the Wikidata API
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response = GimmeWikidata::fetch(unique_property_ids, props: [Props::LABELS])
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raise StandardError.new "Could not resolve Entity (#{@id} - #{@label}) properties" unless response.was_successful?
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response.entities.each do |property_details|
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claims = claims_with_property_id(property_details.id)
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claims.map {|c| c.property.resolve_with(property_details)}
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end
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return nil
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end
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##
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# Resolves the Claims that refer to Entities
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#
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# Claims often refer to another entity on Wikidata. By default, we will only know the ids of these with one fetch Entity call. This therefore gets more data regarding these.
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#
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# * *Parameters:*
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# - +props+ -> The Props to fetch. Defaults to +Props::LABELS+
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def resolve_claims(props = [Props::LABELS])
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return unless has_claims?
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item_claims = get_claims_by_value_type(:item)
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item_ids = item_claims.map {|c| c.value.id }
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entity_result = GimmeWikidata.fetch(item_ids, props: props)
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entity_result.entities.each do |item_details|
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item_index = item_ids.index(item_details.id)
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item_to_resolve = item_claims[item_index].value
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item_to_resolve.resolve_with(item_details)
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end
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end
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##
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# Get all Claims that have a specific +value_type+ symbol
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#
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# * *Parameters:*
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# - +type+ -> Symbol value of the Claim's +value_type+ attribute
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# * *Returns:*
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# - An Array of Claims
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def get_claims_by_value_type(type)
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return [] unless has_claims?
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claims = []
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@claims.each do |c|
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claims << c if c.value_type == type.to_sym
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end
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return claims
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end
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##
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# Returns a simplified version of an Entity's Claims
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# * *Returns:*
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# - Array of hashes representing simplified Claims. See Claim.simplify()
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def simple_claims
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claims.map {|c| c.simplify }
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end
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##
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# Resolves an incomplete Entity with additional details
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#
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# * *Parameters:*
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# - +entity_details+ -> Either an Item or an Property
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# * *Returns:*
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# * *Raises:*
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# - +ArgumentError+ -> if attempting to resolve an Item with a Property, or a Property with an Item
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# - +StandardError+ -> if attempting to resolve an Entity with details that have unequal ids
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def resolve_with(entity_details)
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raise ArgumentError.new "Attempting to resolve an Item with a Property or vice versa" if entity_details.id[0] != @id[0]
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raise StandardError.new "Attempting to resolve Entity with id #{@id} with entity_details with id #{entity_details.id}" unless @id == entity_details.id
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#TODO: Wouldn't it be easier to simply overwrite the Entity? (self = entity_details?)
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@label = entity_details.label
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@description = entity_details.description
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@aliases = entity_details.aliases
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@claims = entity_details.claims
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@claims = [] if @claims.nil?
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end
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end
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end
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module GimmeWikidata
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##
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# Models a parsed response from a get entities query to the Wikidata API
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class EntityResult
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attr_reader :success, :error, :entities
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def initialize(success, error = nil, entities = [])
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@error = error
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@success = @error.nil? ? (success == 1) : false
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@entities = entities
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end
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def was_successful?
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@success
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end
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def empty?
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@entities.empty?
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end
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##
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# TODO: DOCUMENT!
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def resolve_all_properties
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entities.each {|e| e.resolve_properties }
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end
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##
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# TODO: DOCUMENT!
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def resolve_all_claims
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entities.each {|e| e.resolve_claims }
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end
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end
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end
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require 'ruby-enum'
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module GimmeWikidata
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##
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# The languages possible when communicating with the Wikidata API
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#
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# Currently available values:
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# - Languages::ENGLISH = 'en'
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# - Languages::GERMAN = 'de'
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#
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# See: https://www.wikidata.org/w/api.php?action=help&modules=wbgetentities for a list of the supported languages
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class Languages
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include Ruby::Enum
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define :ENGLISH, 'en'
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define :GERMAN, 'de'
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# etc...
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end
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##
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# Models an enum of the 'action' parameters in Wikidata API calls
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#
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# Available values:
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# - +Actions::SEARCH+ = 'wbsearchentities
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# - +Actions::GET_ENTITIES+ = 'wbgetentities
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# See https://www.wikidata.org/w/api.php?action=help&modules=main
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class Actions
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include Ruby::Enum
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define :SEARCH, 'wbsearchentities'
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define :GET_ENTITIES, 'wbgetentities'
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end
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##
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# Models an enum of the 'props' arguments in wbgetentity calls.
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#
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# Available values
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# - +Props::INFO+ = 'info'
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# - +Props::SITELINKS+ = 'sitelinks'
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# - +Props::ALIASES+ = 'aliases'
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# - +Props::LABELS+ = 'labels'
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# - +Props::DESCRIPTIONS+ = 'descriptions'
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# - +Props::CLAIMS+ = 'claims'
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# - +Props::DATATYPE+ = 'datatype'
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#
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# See https://www.wikidata.org/w/api.php?action=help&modules=wbgetentities
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class Props
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include Ruby::Enum
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define :INFO, 'info'
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define :SITELINKS, 'sitelinks'
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define :ALIASES, 'aliases'
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define :LABELS, 'labels'
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define :DESCRIPTIONS, 'descriptions'
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define :CLAIMS, 'claims'
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define :DATATYPE, 'datatype'
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end
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end
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##
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# Class to deep symbolize keys in a Hash and Array of Hashes
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#
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# Code written by EdvardM at: http://apidock.com/rails/Hash/deep_symbolize_keys
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module SymbolizeHelper
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extend self
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def symbolize_recursive(hash)
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{}.tap do |h|
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hash.each { |key, value| h[key.to_sym] = transform(value) }
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end
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end
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private
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def transform(thing)
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case thing
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when Hash; symbolize_recursive(thing)
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when Array; thing.map { |v| transform(v) }
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else; thing
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end
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end
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refine Hash do
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def deep_symbolize_keys
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SymbolizeHelper.symbolize_recursive(self)
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end
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end
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end
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class Array
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##
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# Merges an Array of Hases into a single Hash, keeping duplicate values in an Array
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#
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# Raises StandardError if the Array is not an Array of Hashes, exclusively
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def merge_hashes
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raise StandardError.new "Array is not an Array of Hashes" unless self.all? {|e| e.is_a? Hash}
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self.each_with_object({}) do |el, h|
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el.each { |k, v| h[k] = h[k] ? [*h[k]] << v : v }
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end
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end
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end
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require 'gimme_wikidata/entity'
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module GimmeWikidata
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##
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# Models an Item on Wikidata, which is a "real-world object, concept, event"
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#
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# Please see: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Glossary#Entities.2C_items.2C_properties_and_queries for more details
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class Item < Entity
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def initialize(id, label = nil, description = nil, aliases = nil, claims = [])
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throw ArgumentError.new "Invalid Wikidata Item id: #{id}" unless GimmeWikidata.valid_id?(id, [:item])
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super(id, label, description, aliases, claims)
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end
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end
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end
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require 'gimme_wikidata/wikidata_api'
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require 'carbon_date'
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module GimmeWikidata
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##
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# Responsible for parsing the JSON data returned from the Wikidata API.
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#
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#
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# Parses responses to the following Wikidata API calls:
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# - +wbsearchentities+
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# - +wbgetentities+
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class Parser
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include CarbonDate
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##
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# Parses the results from a search query (wbsearchentities)
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# * *Args* :
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# - +response+ -> hash form of the response from the Wikidata API
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# * *Returns* :
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# - A +Search+ object representing and containing the +SearchResults+ found
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# Returns a Search object representing a collection of the SearchResults found
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def self.parse_search_response(response)
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search = Search.new(
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response.fetch(:success, false),
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response.fetch(:error, nil),
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response.fetch(:searchinfo, {}).fetch(:search, nil))
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return search unless search.was_successful?
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raise ArgumentError, 'response did not seem to be a response from a search query' if response[:searchinfo].nil?
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response[:search].each do |r|
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search.results << SearchResult.new(r[:id], r[:label], r[:description])
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end
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return search
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end
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##
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# Parses the results from a get entities query (wbgetentities)
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#
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# * *Args* :
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41
|
+
# - +response+ -> hash form of the response from the Wikidata API
|
42
|
+
# * *Returns* :
|
43
|
+
# - A +EntityResult+ object representing the +Entites+ fetched
|
44
|
+
def self.parse_entity_response(response)
|
45
|
+
entity_result = EntityResult.new(response.fetch(:success, false), response.fetch(:error, nil))
|
46
|
+
return entity_result unless entity_result.was_successful?
|
47
|
+
response[:entities].each do |key, value|
|
48
|
+
entity_result.entities << parse_entity(value)
|
49
|
+
end
|
50
|
+
return entity_result
|
51
|
+
end
|
52
|
+
|
53
|
+
##
|
54
|
+
# Parses a single entity as part of a get entities query (wbgetentities)
|
55
|
+
#
|
56
|
+
# * *Args* :
|
57
|
+
# - +e+ -> hash form of entity from the Wikidata API
|
58
|
+
# * *Returns* :
|
59
|
+
# - Either an +Item+ object or a +Property+ object representing the passed +Entity+
|
60
|
+
def self.parse_entity(e)
|
61
|
+
lang = WikidataAPI.get_language.to_sym
|
62
|
+
# Parse the fingerprint (id, label and description)
|
63
|
+
id = e.fetch(:id, nil)
|
64
|
+
label = e.fetch(:labels, {}).fetch(lang, {}).fetch(:value, nil)
|
65
|
+
description = e.fetch(:descriptions, {}).fetch(lang, {}).fetch(:value, nil)
|
66
|
+
# Parse aliases, if any:
|
67
|
+
aliases_hash = e.fetch(:aliases, {}).fetch(lang, nil)
|
68
|
+
aliases = aliases_hash.nil? ? [] :aliases_hash.map { |a| a.fetch(:value, nil) }
|
69
|
+
# Parse claims, if any
|
70
|
+
claims = e.fetch(:claims, nil).nil? ? [] : parse_claims(e.fetch(:claims, nil))
|
71
|
+
# Create an Item or a Property
|
72
|
+
case e.fetch(:type, nil)
|
73
|
+
when 'item'
|
74
|
+
return Item.new(id, label, description, aliases, claims)
|
75
|
+
when 'property'
|
76
|
+
return Property.new(id, label, description, aliases, claims)
|
77
|
+
else
|
78
|
+
return nil
|
79
|
+
end
|
80
|
+
end
|
81
|
+
|
82
|
+
##
|
83
|
+
# TODO: DOCUMENT
|
84
|
+
def self.parse_claims(c)
|
85
|
+
claims = []
|
86
|
+
c.values.flatten.each do |snak|
|
87
|
+
claims << parse_snak(snak[:mainsnak])
|
88
|
+
end
|
89
|
+
return claims
|
90
|
+
end
|
91
|
+
|
92
|
+
##
|
93
|
+
# TODO: DOCUMENT
|
94
|
+
#
|
95
|
+
# A List of all Wikidata datatypes: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:ListDatatypes
|
96
|
+
def self.parse_snak(s)
|
97
|
+
property = Property.new(s[:property])
|
98
|
+
raw_value = s.fetch(:datavalue, {}).fetch(:value, nil)
|
99
|
+
|
100
|
+
#TODO: Figure out why raw_value has some strange keys. Example => ':"key"'
|
101
|
+
#TODO: Correct for the very strange keys in raw_value
|
102
|
+
|
103
|
+
##
|
104
|
+
# TODO: Use meta-programming and public_send() to DRY this code up:
|
105
|
+
value, value_type =
|
106
|
+
case s[:datatype]
|
107
|
+
when 'wikibase-item' then parse_snak_wikibase_item(raw_value)
|
108
|
+
when 'external-id' then parse_snak_external_id(raw_value)
|
109
|
+
when 'time' then parse_snak_time(raw_value)
|
110
|
+
when 'commonsMedia' then parse_snak_commons_media(raw_value)
|
111
|
+
when 'monolingualtext' then parse_snak_monolingual_text(raw_value)
|
112
|
+
when 'string' then parse_snak_string(raw_value)
|
113
|
+
when 'url' then parse_snak_url(raw_value)
|
114
|
+
when 'globe-coordinate' then parse_snak_gps_coordinate(raw_value)
|
115
|
+
when 'quantity' then parse_snak_quantity(raw_value)
|
116
|
+
when 'math' then parse_snak_math(raw_value)
|
117
|
+
else
|
118
|
+
raise StandardError.new "Unsupported Wikidata snak datatype: #{s[:datatype]}"
|
119
|
+
end
|
120
|
+
|
121
|
+
Claim.new(property, value, value_type)
|
122
|
+
end
|
123
|
+
|
124
|
+
# Individual Snak Parsing
|
125
|
+
|
126
|
+
##
|
127
|
+
# TODO: DOCUMENT FULLY
|
128
|
+
#
|
129
|
+
# A List of all Wikidata datatypes: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:ListDatatypes
|
130
|
+
def self.parse_snak_wikibase_item(raw_value)
|
131
|
+
id = raw_value.fetch(:"numeric-id", nil)
|
132
|
+
type = raw_value.fetch(:"entity-type", nil)
|
133
|
+
case type
|
134
|
+
when 'item'
|
135
|
+
return Item.new("Q#{id}"), :item
|
136
|
+
when 'property'
|
137
|
+
return Property.new("P#{id}"), :property
|
138
|
+
else
|
139
|
+
raise StandardError.new "Unknown Wikibase item type #{raw_value[:entity_type]}"
|
140
|
+
end
|
141
|
+
end
|
142
|
+
|
143
|
+
def self.parse_snak_external_id(raw_value)
|
144
|
+
#TODO: Extract the authoritative source
|
145
|
+
return raw_value, :external_id
|
146
|
+
end
|
147
|
+
|
148
|
+
##
|
149
|
+
# Parses a Wikidata Time value
|
150
|
+
#
|
151
|
+
# Times on Wikidata are stored as timestamp in the ISO8601 standard. Use the CarbonDate gem (https://github.com/bradleymarques/carbon_date) to interpret these
|
152
|
+
#
|
153
|
+
# Params:
|
154
|
+
# - +raw_value+: a hash with the keys:
|
155
|
+
# - +:time+: The time in the ISO8601 standard
|
156
|
+
# - +:timezone+: currently unused
|
157
|
+
# - +:before+: currently unused
|
158
|
+
# - +:after+: currently unused
|
159
|
+
# - +:precision+: an integer value (0..14)
|
160
|
+
# - +:calendarmodel+: currently unused
|
161
|
+
#
|
162
|
+
# Example +raw_value+:
|
163
|
+
# {"time": "+1940-10-10T00:00:00Z", "timezone": 0, "before": 0, "after": 0, "precision": 11, "calendarmodel": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"}
|
164
|
+
#
|
165
|
+
# Returns:
|
166
|
+
# - [CarbonDate::Date object, :carbon_date]
|
167
|
+
def self.parse_snak_time(raw_value)
|
168
|
+
time = raw_value.fetch(:time, nil)
|
169
|
+
precision = raw_value.fetch(:precision, nil)
|
170
|
+
return CarbonDate::Date.iso8601(time, precision), :carbon_date
|
171
|
+
end
|
172
|
+
|
173
|
+
def self.parse_snak_commons_media(raw_value)
|
174
|
+
file_name = raw_value.to_s.gsub(' ', '_')
|
175
|
+
full_url = "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:" + file_name
|
176
|
+
return full_url, :media
|
177
|
+
end
|
178
|
+
|
179
|
+
def self.parse_snak_monolingual_text(raw_value)
|
180
|
+
return raw_value.fetch(:text, nil), :text
|
181
|
+
end
|
182
|
+
|
183
|
+
def self.parse_snak_string(raw_value)
|
184
|
+
return raw_value, :text
|
185
|
+
end
|
186
|
+
|
187
|
+
def self.parse_snak_url(raw_value)
|
188
|
+
return raw_value, :url
|
189
|
+
end
|
190
|
+
|
191
|
+
def self.parse_snak_gps_coordinate(raw_value)
|
192
|
+
return {latitude: raw_value[:latitude], longitude: raw_value[:longitude]}, :gps_coordinates
|
193
|
+
end
|
194
|
+
|
195
|
+
def self.parse_snak_quantity(raw_value)
|
196
|
+
quantity = {
|
197
|
+
amount: raw_value.fetch(:amount, 0).to_f,
|
198
|
+
upper_bound: raw_value.fetch(:upperBound, 0).to_f,
|
199
|
+
lower_bound: raw_value.fetch(:lowerBound, 0).to_f,
|
200
|
+
unit: raw_value.fetch(:unit, 0).to_f
|
201
|
+
}
|
202
|
+
return quantity, :quantity
|
203
|
+
end
|
204
|
+
|
205
|
+
def self.parse_snak_math(raw_value)
|
206
|
+
return raw_value, :math
|
207
|
+
end
|
208
|
+
|
209
|
+
end
|
210
|
+
|
211
|
+
end
|