frostlake 0.1.0

checksums.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+SHA256:
+  metadata.gz: bb09cf620d3baab58a71403524ea8a8edc880fc52597196c2e6e10afa4507ad8
+  data.tar.gz: 8eefe45f34075e8300cf7964588a0e8b7891da9158c9110c79aa9db5a081280d
+SHA512:
+  metadata.gz: df21cb9b7ec8a9c37dbe062d705e6f1cdbebc11640c45bcb8db0f2250ef5b9ad203dee933980a802a455efcf2ba1b798ccf1bfee8559205d9371251192e13d49
+  data.tar.gz: 16752c3e007ff4c046b5b57762039f0db36ef7e24aa3d9b144b144ebee9cd4f96950d79a1a1f56c6b198e5e643231564fbb1406b5805ce5ea568051acfce3c1b

data/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+                                 Apache License
+                           Version 2.0, January 2004
+                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+   1. Definitions.
+
+      "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
+      and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
+
+      "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
+      the copyright owner that is granting the License.
+
+      "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
+      other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
+      control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
+      "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
+      direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
+      otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
+      outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+
+      "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
+      exercising permissions granted by this License.
+
+      "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
+      including but not limited to software source code, documentation
+      source, and configuration files.
+
+      "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
+      transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
+      not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
+      and conversions to other media types.
+
+      "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
+      Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
+      copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
+      (an example is provided in the Appendix below).
+
+      "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
+      form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
+      editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
+      represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
+      of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
+      separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of,
+      the Work and Derivative Works thereof.
+
+      "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
+      the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions
+      to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally
+      submitted to Licensor for inclusion in the Work by the copyright owner
+      or by an individual or Legal Entity authorized to submit on behalf of
+      the copyright owner. For the purposes of this definition, "submitted"
+      means any form of electronic, verbal, or written communication sent
+      to the Licensor or its representatives, including but not limited to
+      communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems,
+      and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, the
+      Licensor for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but
+      excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise
+      designated in writing by the copyright owner as "Not a Contribution."
+
+      "Contributor" shall mean Licensor and any individual or Legal Entity
+      on behalf of whom a Contribution has been received by Licensor and
+      subsequently incorporated within the Work.
+
+   2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
+      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
+      copyright license to reproduce, prepare Derivative Works of,
+      publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute the
+      Work and such Derivative Works in Source or Object form.
+
+   3. Grant of Patent License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
+      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
+      (except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made,
+      use, offer to sell, sell, import, and otherwise transfer the Work,
+      where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable
+      by such Contributor that are necessarily infringed by their
+      Contribution(s) alone or by combination of their Contribution(s)
+      with the Work to which such Contribution(s) was submitted. If You
+      institute patent litigation against any entity (including a
+      cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the Work
+      or a Contribution incorporated within the Work constitutes direct
+      or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses
+      granted to You under this License for that Work shall terminate
+      as of the date such litigation is filed.
+
+   4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the
+      Work or Derivative Works thereof in any medium, with or without
+      modifications, and in Source or Object form, provided that You
+      meet the following conditions:
+
+      (a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or
+          Derivative Works a copy of this License; and
+
+      (b) You must cause any modified files to carry prominent notices
+          stating that You changed the files; and
+
+      (c) You must retain, in the Source form of any Derivative Works
+          that You distribute, all copyright, patent, trademark, and
+          attribution notices from the Source form of the Work,
+          excluding those notices that do not pertain to any part of
+          the Derivative Works; and
+
+      (d) If the Work includes a "NOTICE" text file as part of its
+          distribution, then any Derivative Works that You distribute must
+          include a readable copy of the attribution notices contained
+          within such NOTICE file, excluding those notices that do not
+          pertain to any part of the Derivative Works, in at least one
+          of the following places: within a NOTICE text file distributed
+          as part of the Derivative Works; within the Source form or
+          documentation, if provided along with the Derivative Works; or,
+          within a display generated by the Derivative Works, if and
+          wherever such third-party notices normally appear. The contents
+          of the NOTICE file are for informational purposes only and
+          do not modify the License. You may add Your own attribution
+          notices within Derivative Works that You distribute, alongside
+          or as an addendum to the NOTICE text from the Work, provided
+          that such additional attribution notices cannot be construed
+          as modifying the License.
+
+      You may add Your own copyright statement to Your modifications and
+      may provide additional or different license terms and conditions
+      for use, reproduction, or distribution of Your modifications, or
+      for any such Derivative Works as a whole, provided Your use,
+      reproduction, and distribution of the Work otherwise complies with
+      the conditions stated in this License.
+
+   5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise,
+      any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
+      by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of
+      this License, without any additional terms or conditions.
+      Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify
+      the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
+      with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
+
+   6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
+      names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor,
+      except as required for reasonable and customary use in describing the
+      origin of the Work and reproducing the content of the NOTICE file.
+
+   7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
+      agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
+      Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+      WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+      implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions
+      of TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, or FITNESS FOR A
+      PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You are solely responsible for determining the
+      appropriateness of using or redistributing the Work and assume any
+      risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License.
+
+   8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
+      whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
+      unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly
+      negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
+      liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special,
+      incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a
+      result of this License or out of the use or inability to use the
+      Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill,
+      work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
+      other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor
+      has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
+
+   9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
+      the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer,
+      and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity,
+      or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this
+      License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only
+      on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
+      of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
+      defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
+      incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
+      of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
+
+   END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+   APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
+
+      To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
+      boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]"
+      replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include
+      the brackets!)  The text should be enclosed in the appropriate
+      comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a
+      file or class name and description of purpose be included on the
+      same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier
+      identification within third-party archives.
+
+   Copyright 2026 MLorek
+
+   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+   You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.

data/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+# frostlake-ruby
+
+A zero-dependency Ruby driver for [Frostlake](https://frostlake.dev), speaking the
+engine's HTTP protocol against a running `DatabaseHttpServer`. Ruby ≥ 3.0, stdlib only
+(`net/http`, `json`, `uri`, `date`, `time`, and `bigdecimal` when it is available).
+
+## Installation
+
+```sh
+gem install frostlake
+```
+
+Or in a Gemfile:
+
+```ruby
+gem "frostlake"
+```
+
+The database and schema named in the DSN are applied by `Frostlake.connect`, so a
+name that does not exist is reported there rather than surfacing later on whatever
+query happens to run first. They are quoted before they are sent, so a name that
+could not appear unquoted — one starting with a digit, or a reserved word — is
+passed through intact.
+
+## Engine version
+
+Requires a Frostlake engine **0.0.7 or newer**. Ask a running server which one it is with
+`SELECT CURRENT_VERSION()` — every release answers it, so the check works against any engine.
+
+The driver versions independently of the engine: it speaks the HTTP protocol, not
+the jar, so this is a floor rather than a lockstep pin.
+
+One behaviour does depend on the engine: a `TIMESTAMP_TZ` column only reports back the
+UTC offset it was given from engine **0.1.0** on. Against an older engine a bound `Time`
+still round-trips, but the offset comes back as `+00:00`.
+
+## Usage
+
+```ruby
+require "frostlake"
+
+conn = Frostlake.connect("frostlake://localhost:18082/MY_DB?schema=PUBLIC")
+
+conn.execute("CREATE TABLE people (id INTEGER, name VARCHAR)")
+result = conn.execute("INSERT INTO people VALUES (?, ?), (?, ?)", [1, "Ada", 2, "Grace"])
+result.row_count # => 2
+
+result = conn.execute("SELECT id, name FROM people WHERE id = ?", [1])
+result.rows # => [{ "ID" => 1, "NAME" => "Ada" }]
+
+conn.close
+```
+
+`execute(sql, binds = [])` returns a `Frostlake::Result` with `columns`, `rows`
+(hashes keyed by column name; the result is `Enumerable` over them), `values` and
+`row_count` (the affected-row count for DML). A failed statement raises
+`Frostlake::Error` carrying the engine's error message.
+
+`values` is what the wire delivered: every cell, positionally, lined up with
+`columns`. `rows` is a view over it keyed by column name, built the first time you
+ask and then kept — so a caller that only reads `values` never pays for the hashes.
+Because it is keyed by name it cannot hold two columns called the same thing: a
+self-join reports `ID` twice and the later one wins, while `values` keeps both.
+
+```ruby
+result = conn.execute("SELECT e.id, e.name, m.id, m.name FROM emp e JOIN emp m ON e.manager_id = m.id")
+result.columns.map { |c| c[:name] }  # => ["ID", "NAME", "ID", "NAME"]
+result.rows.first                    # => {"ID" => 1, "NAME" => "Ada"}
+result.values.first                  # => [2, "Grace", 1, "Ada"]
+```
+
+### Transactions
+
+```ruby
+conn.transaction do
+  conn.execute("INSERT INTO acc VALUES (2)")
+end                          # commits; rolls back if the block raises
+
+conn.begin_transaction       # or drive it by hand
+conn.execute("...")
+conn.commit                  # / conn.rollback
+```
+
+### Bind values
+
+Parameters are inlined client-side (`?` placeholders); placeholders inside string
+literals, quoted identifiers, comments and `$$…$$` bodies are left alone. Too few
+bind values raises `Frostlake::UsageError`; surplus ones are ignored, matching
+Frostlake's other drivers.
+
+| Ruby value | SQL literal |
+| --- | --- |
+| `nil` | `NULL` |
+| `true` / `false` | `TRUE` / `FALSE` |
+| `Integer` / `Float` / `BigDecimal` | as written |
+| `String` (UTF-8) / `Symbol` | `'…'` (backslashes and quotes escaped) |
+| `String` with `ASCII-8BIT` encoding | `X'hex'` (binary marker) |
+| `Time` / `DateTime` | `'…±hh:mm'::TIMESTAMP_TZ` (a Ruby `Time` always carries an offset) |
+| `Date` | `'…'::DATE` |
+| `Array` | `[…]` (elements formatted recursively) |
+
+### Result types
+
+Fixed-point `NUMBER` keeps the exact digits the engine sent: `BigDecimal` when the
+column has a scale, `Integer` when it does not (of any size — Ruby integers are
+arbitrary precision). `FLOAT`/`DOUBLE`/`REAL` are genuine binary floats and stay
+`Float`. `BOOLEAN` becomes `true`/`false`, `DATE` a `Date`, `TIMESTAMP*` a `Time`,
+`BINARY` a binary-encoded `String`; `TIME` and semi-structured values keep their
+wire shape as strings.
+
+Each entry in `columns` is a hash of `{ name:, data_type:, scale: }`, carrying the
+engine's own type name.
+
+A result set arrives as one JSON body and is fully materialised — the driver holds
+every row in memory, and the protocol offers no cursor to page through a large
+`SELECT`. Bound the query rather than expecting the driver to stream it.
+
+Exact decimals need `bigdecimal`, which ships with Ruby. If it cannot be loaded —
+a bundler setup on Ruby ≥ 3.4 without it in the Gemfile — those cells fall back to
+`Float` rather than the driver failing to load.
+
+### Several statements at once
+
+`execute` returns the first result set. `execute_all` returns every one, in order:
+
+```ruby
+sets = conn.execute_all("SELECT 1 AS a; SELECT 2 AS b;")
+sets.length      # => 2
+sets.last.rows   # => [{ "B" => 2 }]
+```
+
+If any statement in the string fails the whole call raises and no result sets come
+back — not even for the statements before it. The engine discards their effects
+too: an `INSERT` followed by a failing statement leaves nothing behind, whether the
+failure is a syntax error, a missing table or a division by zero.
+
+### Connection options
+
+Every option can be given as a keyword or in the DSN query string, the keyword
+winning. Timeouts are in seconds and default to 10s to connect and 300s to wait for
+a statement.
+
+```ruby
+Frostlake.connect(dsn, open_timeout: 5, read_timeout: 30)
+Frostlake.connect("frostlake://localhost:18082/DB?open_timeout=5&read_timeout=30")
+```
+
+An `https://` DSN verifies the server certificate. Point at your own authority with
+`ca_file`, or turn verification off for a self-signed server:
+
+```ruby
+Frostlake.connect("https://localhost:8443/DB", ca_file: "/etc/ssl/my-ca.pem")
+Frostlake.connect("https://localhost:8443/DB?verify_ssl=false")
+```
+
+The server authenticates nobody, so a DSN carrying `user:password@` is rejected
+rather than having the credentials quietly dropped.
+
+`verify_ssl` accepts `true`/`false`, `yes`/`no` or `1`/`0`. The DSN query string
+accepts `schema`, `open_timeout`, `read_timeout`, `verify_ssl`, `ca_file` and
+`session_idle_limit`, and nothing else: an unknown parameter is refused rather than
+ignored, so a misspelled `schema` cannot quietly leave you in the wrong one. The
+same goes for `verify_ssl` and `ca_file` on a DSN that is not `https` — they are
+refused however they were spelled, since they would do nothing. The path names one
+database, so `frostlake://host/db/extra` is refused too.
+
+### Idle sessions
+
+The engine drops a session after 30 minutes idle and then quietly builds a fresh one
+for the id the driver keeps sending. A connection left sitting therefore loses the
+database and schema it had selected, and **nothing in the reply says so** — the id
+you sent is echoed back either way, and `/api/sessions` reports only a count, so the
+driver cannot ask whether its session survived.
+
+What it does instead: once a connection has been idle longer than
+`session_idle_limit` (1800 seconds by default, matching the engine), it re-applies
+the database and schema from the DSN before the next statement. It stops doing that
+the moment you run a `USE` of your own, since the DSN no longer describes where you
+are.
+
+```ruby
+Frostlake.connect(dsn, session_idle_limit: 600)   # re-apply after ten idle minutes
+Frostlake.connect("frostlake://host:18082/DB?session_idle_limit=0")  # never
+```
+
+Everything else a dropped session held — the warehouse, the role, session variables,
+an open transaction — is gone, and no client can restore it. If a connection may idle
+for long stretches, reconnecting is the dependable answer.
+
+### Errors
+
+Everything the driver raises is a `Frostlake::Error`, so a single rescue still catches
+the lot. The subclass says which kind it was:
+
+| Class | Raised when |
+| --- | --- |
+| `Frostlake::ConnectionError` | the server is unreachable, unhealthy, or the request failed |
+| `Frostlake::QueryError` | the engine rejected the statement; the message is the engine's |
+| `Frostlake::UsageError` | the driver was misused: bad DSN, closed connection, unbindable value |
+
+### Threads
+
+A `Connection` is one socket and one server-side session, so statements on it are
+serialized and it is safe to share. A transaction is session state, though — don't
+drive one from several threads at once. Use a connection per thread if you want
+statements to actually run in parallel.
+
+## Running the tests
+
+The integration tests boot a real server from the engine's compiled classes:
+
+```sh
+export JAVA_HOME=/path/to/jdk17
+export FROSTLAKE_CLASSPATH="/path/to/frostlake/engine/target/classes:<engine deps>"
+rake test        # or: ruby test/test_frostlake.rb
+```
+
+Without `FROSTLAKE_CLASSPATH` the integration tests skip themselves and only the
+substitution unit tests run.
+
+## Protocol
+
+One `POST /api/execute` per statement with `{ sql, sessionId, autoCommit }`; the server
+issues the `sessionId` on first contact and the driver echoes it back, so session state
+(current database/schema, transactions) persists across statements. `GET /api/health`
+backs `Frostlake.connect`'s reachability check.
+
+## License
+
+Apache-2.0 — see [LICENSE](LICENSE).

data/lib/frostlake.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,670 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# A Ruby driver for Frostlake, speaking the engine's HTTP protocol against a
+# running DatabaseHttpServer.
+#
+#   require "frostlake"
+#   conn = Frostlake.connect("frostlake://localhost:18082/MY_DB?schema=PUBLIC")
+#   result = conn.execute("SELECT id, name FROM people WHERE id = ?", [1])
+#   result.rows # => [{ "ID" => 1, "NAME" => "Ada" }]
+#
+# Parameters are inlined client-side (the protocol has no server-side binding),
+# with the same rules as Frostlake's other drivers. Rows are hashes keyed by
+# column name; BOOLEAN cells arrive as booleans, DATE as Date, TIMESTAMP* as
+# Time, BINARY as a binary-encoded String. Fixed-point NUMBER keeps its exact
+# digits as BigDecimal (or Integer at scale 0) while FLOAT/DOUBLE/REAL stay
+# Float. A bound Time is sent as TIMESTAMP_TZ, since a Ruby Time always carries
+# a UTC offset.
+
+require "date"
+require "json"
+require "monitor"
+require "net/http"
+require "time"
+require "uri"
+
+begin
+  # Ships with Ruby: a default gem through 3.3, a bundled one from 3.4. Without
+  # it, fixed-point cells fall back to Float rather than failing to load.
+  require "bigdecimal"
+rescue LoadError
+  nil
+end
+
+module Frostlake
+  VERSION = "0.1.0"
+
+  # Every failure the driver raises is a Frostlake::Error, so one rescue still
+  # catches the lot; the subclasses only say which kind it was.
+  class Error < StandardError; end
+
+  # The server could not be reached, or the connection failed mid-statement.
+  class ConnectionError < Error; end
+
+  # The engine rejected a statement. The message is the engine's own.
+  class QueryError < Error; end
+
+  # The driver was asked for something impossible: a malformed DSN, a closed
+  # connection, a bind value with no SQL equivalent.
+  class UsageError < Error; end
+
+  DEFAULT_PORT = 18_082
+
+  # Everything the DSN query string may carry. Anything else is a typo, and a
+  # typo in schema or read_timeout changes behaviour without saying so.
+  DSN_PARAMETERS = ["ca_file", "open_timeout", "read_timeout", "schema",
+                    "session_idle_limit", "verify_ssl"].freeze
+
+  # Long enough for a slow query, short enough that an unreachable host fails
+  # while someone is still watching.
+  DEFAULT_OPEN_TIMEOUT = 10
+  DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT = 300
+
+  # The engine reaps a session after 30 minutes idle. Past that we have to
+  # assume ours is gone, because nothing in a response says so.
+  DEFAULT_SESSION_IDLE_LIMIT = 1800
+
+  # The engine's binary floating-point types. Every other numeric it reports is
+  # fixed-point and keeps its digits.
+  APPROXIMATE_TYPES = ["FLOAT", "FLOAT4", "FLOAT8", "DOUBLE", "DOUBLE PRECISION", "REAL"].freeze
+
+  # Connects, verifies the server is reachable via GET /api/health, and applies
+  # the database and schema from the DSN. Timeouts are in seconds; verify_ssl
+  # and ca_file apply to https DSNs. All four may also be given in the DSN
+  # query string, where an explicit argument outranks them.
+  def self.connect(dsn, open_timeout: nil, read_timeout: nil, verify_ssl: nil, ca_file: nil,
+                   session_idle_limit: nil)
+    conn = Connection.new(dsn, open_timeout: open_timeout, read_timeout: read_timeout,
+                          verify_ssl: verify_ssl, ca_file: ca_file,
+                          session_idle_limit: session_idle_limit)
+    begin
+      conn.ping
+      conn.use_dsn_defaults
+    rescue StandardError
+      # Nothing usable came of it, so do not leave a session behind.
+      conn.close
+      raise
+    end
+    conn
+  end
+
+  class Result
+    include Enumerable
+
+    # values is every cell, positionally aligned with columns — the shape the
+    # wire actually delivered.
+    attr_reader :columns, :row_count, :values
+
+    def initialize(columns, row_count, values = [])
+      @columns = columns
+      @row_count = row_count
+      @values = values
+      # A Result outlives the statement that made it and can be handed between
+      # threads, so the memoisation below must not be two half-built copies.
+      @rows_lock = Mutex.new
+    end
+
+    # Each row keyed by column name, built on first use and kept. A hash cannot
+    # represent two columns called the same thing — a self-join reports ID
+    # twice and the later one wins — so values is the lossless view. Building
+    # these lazily keeps a caller that only reads values from paying for them.
+    def rows
+      @rows_lock.synchronize { @rows ||= build_rows }
+    end
+
+    def each(&block)
+      rows.each(&block)
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def build_rows
+      @values.map do |cells|
+        row = {}
+        @columns.each_with_index do |column, i|
+          row[column[:name]] = cells[i]
+        end
+        row
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  class Connection
+    def initialize(dsn, open_timeout: nil, read_timeout: nil, verify_ssl: nil, ca_file: nil,
+                   session_idle_limit: nil)
+      uri = begin
+        URI.parse(dsn)
+      rescue URI::InvalidURIError
+        raise UsageError, "invalid DSN: #{dsn}"
+      end
+      scheme = (uri.scheme || "").downcase
+      unless %w[frostlake http https].include?(scheme)
+        raise UsageError, "DSN must start with frostlake://, http:// or https://"
+      end
+      raise UsageError, "DSN is missing host[:port]" if uri.host.nil? || uri.host.empty?
+      # The server authenticates nobody, so credentials in a DSN would be
+      # quietly dropped — and quietly dropping a password is worse than saying so.
+      unless uri.userinfo.nil?
+        raise UsageError, "the server takes no credentials; remove user:password from the DSN"
+      end
+
+      query = uri.query.nil? ? {} : URI.decode_www_form(uri.query).to_h
+      unknown = query.keys - DSN_PARAMETERS
+      unless unknown.empty?
+        raise UsageError, "unknown DSN parameter: #{unknown.sort.join(', ')} " \
+                          "(expected #{DSN_PARAMETERS.join(', ')})"
+      end
+      @host = uri.host
+      # URI supplies 80 and 443 for http and https; only the custom scheme needs
+      # the engine's own default.
+      @port = uri.port || DEFAULT_PORT
+      unless (1..65_535).cover?(@port)
+        raise UsageError, "DSN port must be between 1 and 65535, got #{@port}"
+      end
+      # Net::HTTP opens a fresh connection per request, which is deliberate:
+      # against DatabaseHttpServer a reused connection costs ~48 ms a statement
+      # (a delayed-ACK stall that TCP_NODELAY does not shift) versus ~0.8 ms for
+      # a new one. Do not "optimise" this into a kept-alive session.
+      @http = Net::HTTP.new(@host, @port)
+      if scheme == "https"
+        configure_tls(verify_ssl, ca_file, query)
+      elsif !verify_ssl.nil? || !ca_file.nil? || query.key?("verify_ssl") || query.key?("ca_file")
+        # However they were spelled — keyword or DSN — they would do nothing here.
+        raise UsageError, "verify_ssl and ca_file apply to https DSNs only"
+      end
+      @http.open_timeout = self.class.timeout_for("open_timeout", open_timeout,
+                                                  query["open_timeout"], DEFAULT_OPEN_TIMEOUT)
+      @http.read_timeout = self.class.timeout_for("read_timeout", read_timeout,
+                                                  query["read_timeout"], DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT)
+      # One socket and one session id per connection: statements serialize so a
+      # Connection can be shared between threads without interleaving them. A
+      # Monitor rather than a Mutex because execute_all holds the lock across
+      # the round trips it makes, each of which takes it again.
+      @lock = Monitor.new
+      @session_idle_limit = self.class.idle_limit_for(session_idle_limit,
+                                                      query["session_idle_limit"])
+      @last_used_at = nil
+      # Whether the caller has selected anything themselves; if they have, the
+      # DSN's defaults are no longer the whole truth about this session.
+      @session_touched = false
+      @session_id = nil
+      @autocommit = true
+      @closed = false
+      @pending_use = []
+      # A trailing slash is fine; a second segment means the caller meant
+      # something the DSN cannot express, and "db/extra" is not an identifier.
+      database = (uri.path || "").delete_prefix("/").delete_suffix("/")
+      if database.include?("/")
+        raise UsageError, "the DSN path names one database, got #{uri.path.inspect}"
+      end
+      schema = query["schema"]
+      @pending_use << "USE DATABASE #{self.class.quote_ident(database)}" unless database.empty?
+      @pending_use << "USE SCHEMA #{self.class.quote_ident(schema)}" if schema
+      # Kept so they can be put back if the session is replaced under us.
+      @session_defaults = @pending_use.dup.freeze
+    end
+
+    def closed?
+      @closed
+    end
+
+    # Applies the database and schema named in the DSN. connect calls this, so
+    # a name that does not exist is reported there rather than surfacing later
+    # on whatever query happens to run first.
+    def use_dsn_defaults
+      check_open
+      @lock.synchronize do
+        round_trip(@pending_use.shift) until @pending_use.empty?
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    def ping
+      check_open
+      @lock.synchronize do
+        response = begin
+          @http.get("/api/health")
+        rescue IOError, SocketError, SystemCallError, Timeout::Error => e
+          raise ConnectionError, "cannot reach #{@host}:#{@port}: #{e.message}"
+        end
+        raise ConnectionError, "server unhealthy: HTTP #{response.code}" unless response.is_a?(Net::HTTPSuccess)
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    # Executes one statement; returns a Result whose rows are hashes keyed by
+    # column name and whose row_count is the affected-row count for DML. A
+    # multi-statement string answers with its first result set — use
+    # execute_all for the rest.
+    def execute(sql, binds = [])
+      execute_all(sql, binds).first
+    end
+
+    # Executes a statement string and returns every result set it produced, in
+    # order. A single statement gives a one-element array.
+    def execute_all(sql, binds = [])
+      check_open
+      rendered = binds.empty? ? sql : self.class.substitute(sql, binds)
+      # The pending USE statements and the statement itself have to reach the
+      # session as one unit: another thread must not slip a query in between,
+      # and two threads must not both try to shift the same pending entry.
+      @lock.synchronize do
+        restore_session_defaults
+        round_trip(@pending_use.shift) until @pending_use.empty?
+        results = shape_results(round_trip(rendered))
+        @session_touched = true if self.class.selects_session_state?(sql)
+        results
+      end
+    end
+
+    def begin_transaction
+      @lock.synchronize do
+        @autocommit = false
+        execute("BEGIN")
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    def commit
+      @lock.synchronize do
+        execute("COMMIT")
+        @autocommit = true
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    def rollback
+      @lock.synchronize do
+        execute("ROLLBACK")
+        @autocommit = true
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    # Runs the block inside BEGIN ... COMMIT, rolling back on any exception.
+    def transaction
+      begin_transaction
+      result = yield self
+      commit
+      result
+    rescue StandardError
+      begin
+        rollback
+      rescue StandardError
+        # A failed rollback must not replace the exception that caused it.
+        nil
+      end
+      raise
+    end
+
+    def close
+      @closed = true
+      @lock.synchronize do
+        @http.finish if @http.started?
+      rescue IOError
+        # Already gone; closing is still closing.
+        nil
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def check_open
+      raise UsageError, "connection is closed" if @closed
+    end
+
+    # The engine reaps a session once it has been idle long enough and then
+    # quietly builds a fresh one for the id we keep sending, losing the database
+    # and schema we selected. Nothing in the reply gives it away — the id we
+    # sent is echoed back either way, and /api/sessions reports only a count —
+    # so past the limit the only safe reading is that the session is new, and
+    # the DSN's defaults go back on. Not once the caller has selected something
+    # themselves: putting our defaults over their choice is its own surprise.
+    def restore_session_defaults
+      return if @session_defaults.empty? || @session_touched
+      return if @session_idle_limit.zero? || @last_used_at.nil?
+      return if self.class.monotonic_now - @last_used_at < @session_idle_limit
+
+      @pending_use.concat(@session_defaults)
+    end
+
+    def configure_tls(verify_ssl, ca_file, query)
+      begin
+        require "openssl"
+      rescue LoadError
+        raise UsageError, "an https DSN needs openssl, which this Ruby was built without"
+      end
+
+      @http.use_ssl = true
+      verify = self.class.boolean_for("verify_ssl", verify_ssl, query["verify_ssl"], true)
+      @http.verify_mode = verify ? OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER : OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE
+      authority = ca_file.nil? ? query["ca_file"] : ca_file
+      @http.ca_file = authority unless authority.nil?
+    end
+
+    def round_trip(sql)
+      @lock.synchronize do
+        payload = { "sql" => sql, "autoCommit" => @autocommit }
+        payload["sessionId"] = @session_id if @session_id
+        request = Net::HTTP::Post.new("/api/execute", "content-type" => "application/json")
+        request.body = JSON.generate(payload)
+        response = begin
+          @http.request(request)
+        rescue IOError, SocketError, SystemCallError, Timeout::Error => e
+          raise ConnectionError, "request failed: #{e.message}"
+        end
+        # Failed statements answer with a non-2xx status AND the error payload in the body.
+        out = begin
+          self.class.parse_json(response.body)
+        rescue JSON::ParserError
+          raise ConnectionError, "HTTP #{response.code} with unreadable body"
+        end
+        @session_id = out["sessionId"] if out["sessionId"]
+        raise QueryError, out["errorMessage"] || "statement failed" unless out["success"]
+
+        @last_used_at = self.class.monotonic_now
+        out
+      end
+    end
+
+    def shape_results(out)
+      sets = out["resultSets"]
+      return [Result.new([], 0, [])] if sets.nil? || sets.empty?
+
+      results = []
+      sets.each do |result_set|
+        results << shape_result(result_set)
+      end
+      results
+    end
+
+    def shape_result(result_set)
+      columns = (result_set["columns"] || []).map do |c|
+        { name: c["name"], data_type: c["dataType"], scale: c["scale"] }
+      end
+      values = (result_set["rows"] || []).map do |raw|
+        cells = []
+        columns.each_with_index do |column, i|
+          cells << self.class.convert(raw[i], column[:data_type], column[:scale])
+        end
+        cells
+      end
+      if values.length == 1 && self.class.dml_status?(columns)
+        return Result.new([], self.class.dml_row_count(columns, values[0]), [])
+      end
+
+      Result.new(columns, values.length, values)
+    end
+
+    class << self
+      # Always quoted. Leaving "unambiguous" names bare let through ones that
+      # cannot legally appear unquoted — 1ABC starts with a digit, SELECT is
+      # reserved — and quoting costs nothing: "NAME" and NAME name the same
+      # object, so only genuinely lower-case names are affected and those had to
+      # be quoted anyway.
+      def quote_ident(name)
+        text = name.to_s
+        raise UsageError, "identifier cannot be empty" if text.empty?
+
+        "\"#{text.gsub('"', '""')}\""
+      end
+
+      # Keeps every JSON number exact: the engine serializes fixed-point
+      # numerics from BigDecimal, and Float would round the digits away before
+      # convert ever sees them.
+      def parse_json(text)
+        return JSON.parse(text) unless defined?(BigDecimal)
+
+        JSON.parse(text, decimal_class: BigDecimal)
+      end
+
+      def convert(value, data_type, scale = 0)
+        return nil if value.nil?
+
+        case (data_type || "").upcase
+        when "DATE"
+          value.is_a?(String) ? Date.parse(value) : value
+        when "TIMESTAMP", "TIMESTAMP_NTZ", "TIMESTAMP_LTZ", "TIMESTAMP_TZ", "DATETIME"
+          value.is_a?(String) ? Time.parse(value) : value
+        when "BINARY", "VARBINARY"
+          value.is_a?(String) ? decode_hex(value) : value
+        else
+          convert_number(value, (data_type || "").upcase, scale)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # The engine renders binary as hex. Anything else is not ours to
+      # reinterpret: pack("H*") turns "ZZ" into a byte and pads odd-length input
+      # rather than admitting it was handed something else.
+      def decode_hex(text)
+        return text unless text.match?(/\A(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{2})*\z/)
+
+        [text].pack("H*")
+      end
+
+      # Fixed-point columns keep the wire's exact digits; FLOAT/DOUBLE/REAL are
+      # genuine binary floats and stay that way. Anything non-numeric — strings,
+      # booleans, semi-structured JSON text — passes straight through.
+      def convert_number(value, data_type, scale)
+        return value unless value.is_a?(Numeric)
+        return value.to_f if APPROXIMATE_TYPES.include?(data_type)
+        return value if value.is_a?(Integer)
+        return value unless defined?(BigDecimal) && value.is_a?(BigDecimal)
+        # Scale 0 is an integer column; hand back an Integer, but never truncate
+        # a value that unexpectedly carries a fraction.
+        return value.to_i if scale.to_i.zero? && value.frac.zero?
+
+        value
+      end
+
+      # Whether a result set is a DML status row rather than data. The protocol
+      # carries no statement type, so this goes by shape: DML answers with a
+      # single row whose every column is a "number of ..." counter. INSERT and
+      # DELETE report one, UPDATE adds "number of multi-joined rows updated",
+      # and MERGE reports both an inserted and an updated count.
+      def dml_status?(columns)
+        return false if columns.empty?
+
+        columns.each do |column|
+          return false unless column[:name].to_s.downcase.start_with?("number of ")
+        end
+        true
+      end
+
+      # Total rows affected. "number of multi-joined rows updated" is a
+      # diagnostic sub-count of rows already counted as updated, so only the
+      # "number of rows ..." counters are summed.
+      def dml_row_count(columns, cells)
+        total = 0
+        columns.each_with_index do |column, i|
+          next unless column[:name].to_s.downcase.start_with?("number of rows ")
+
+          value = cells[i]
+          total += value.to_i unless value.nil?
+        end
+        total
+      end
+
+      # A clock that cannot jump backwards over an idle connection.
+      def monotonic_now
+        Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
+      end
+
+      # Zero switches the idle check off; anything else is seconds.
+      def idle_limit_for(argument, from_dsn)
+        given = argument.nil? ? from_dsn : argument
+        return DEFAULT_SESSION_IDLE_LIMIT if given.nil?
+
+        seconds = Float(given)
+        raise UsageError, "session_idle_limit cannot be negative, got #{given}" if seconds.negative?
+
+        seconds
+      rescue ArgumentError, TypeError
+        raise UsageError, "session_idle_limit must be a number of seconds, got #{given.inspect}"
+      end
+
+      # A USE picks the database, schema, warehouse or role for the session.
+      # Once the caller has done that themselves, the DSN no longer describes
+      # where they are, so the driver stops putting its defaults back.
+      def selects_session_state?(sql)
+        /(\A|[;\n])\s*USE\s/i.match?(sql)
+      end
+
+      # An explicit argument wins over the DSN, which wins over the default.
+      def boolean_for(name, argument, from_dsn, fallback)
+        given = argument.nil? ? from_dsn : argument
+        return fallback if given.nil?
+        return given if given == true || given == false
+
+        case given.to_s.downcase
+        when "true", "1", "yes" then true
+        when "false", "0", "no" then false
+        else
+          raise UsageError, "#{name} must be true or false, got #{given.inspect}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      # An explicit argument wins over the DSN, which wins over the default.
+      def timeout_for(name, argument, from_dsn, fallback)
+        given = argument.nil? ? from_dsn : argument
+        return fallback if given.nil?
+
+        seconds = Float(given)
+        raise UsageError, "#{name} must be positive, got #{given}" unless seconds.positive?
+
+        seconds
+      rescue ArgumentError, TypeError
+        raise UsageError, "#{name} must be a number of seconds, got #{given.inspect}"
+      end
+
+      # -- client-side parameter binding ------------------------------------
+
+      def substitute(sql, binds)
+        out = +""
+        nxt = 0
+        i = 0
+        while i < sql.length
+          ch = sql[i]
+          if ch == "'"
+            j = skip_string(sql, i)
+            out << sql[i...j]
+            i = j
+          elsif ch == '"'
+            j = skip_quoted(sql, i)
+            out << sql[i...j]
+            i = j
+          elsif ch == "-" && sql[i + 1] == "-"
+            j = skip_line(sql, i)
+            out << sql[i...j]
+            i = j
+          elsif ch == "/" && sql[i + 1] == "*"
+            stop = sql.index("*/", i + 2)
+            j = stop.nil? ? sql.length : stop + 2
+            out << sql[i...j]
+            i = j
+          elsif ch == "/" && sql[i + 1] == "/"
+            j = skip_line(sql, i)
+            out << sql[i...j]
+            i = j
+          elsif ch == "$" && sql[i + 1] == "$"
+            j = skip_dollar_quoted(sql, i)
+            out << sql[i...j]
+            i = j
+          elsif ch == "?"
+            raise UsageError, "not enough bind values for placeholders" if nxt >= binds.length
+
+            out << format_literal(binds[nxt])
+            nxt += 1
+            i += 1
+          else
+            out << ch
+            i += 1
+          end
+        end
+        out
+      end
+
+      def format_literal(value)
+        case value
+        when nil then "NULL"
+        when true then "TRUE"
+        when false then "FALSE"
+        when Integer then value.to_s
+        when Float
+          raise UsageError, "non-finite number #{value}" unless value.finite?
+
+          value.to_s
+        # A Ruby Time always carries a UTC offset, so it maps to TIMESTAMP_TZ;
+        # casting to NTZ here silently discarded that offset.
+        when Time then "'#{value.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%6N%:z')}'::TIMESTAMP_TZ"
+        when DateTime then format_literal(value.to_time)
+        when Date then "'#{value.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')}'::DATE"
+        when String
+          # A binary-encoded string is the deliberate marker for BINARY data.
+          if value.encoding == Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
+            "X'#{value.unpack1('H*').upcase}'"
+          else
+            encode_string(value)
+          end
+        when Symbol then encode_string(value.to_s)
+        when Array then "[#{value.map { |element| format_literal(element) }.join(', ')}]"
+        else
+          if defined?(BigDecimal) && value.is_a?(BigDecimal)
+            value.to_s("F")
+          else
+            raise UsageError, "unsupported bind type #{value.class}"
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def skip_string(sql, i)
+        j = i + 1
+        while j < sql.length
+          if sql[j] == "\\"
+            j += 2 # backslash always escapes
+          elsif sql[j] == "'"
+            return j + 1 unless sql[j + 1] == "'"
+
+            j += 2
+          else
+            j += 1
+          end
+        end
+        j
+      end
+
+      def skip_quoted(sql, i)
+        j = i + 1
+        while j < sql.length
+          if sql[j] == '"'
+            return j + 1 unless sql[j + 1] == '"'
+
+            j += 2
+          else
+            j += 1
+          end
+        end
+        j
+      end
+
+      # Steps over a $$…$$ block. UDF and procedure bodies are written that
+      # way, so a ? inside one is part of the body, not a placeholder.
+      def skip_dollar_quoted(sql, i)
+        stop = sql.index("$$", i + 2)
+        stop.nil? ? sql.length : stop + 2
+      end
+
+      def skip_line(sql, i)
+        j = sql.index("\n", i)
+        j.nil? ? sql.length : j + 1
+      end
+
+      def encode_string(text)
+        "'#{text.gsub('\\', '\\\\\\\\').gsub("'", "''")}'"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

metadata

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+--- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
+name: frostlake
+version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+  version: 0.1.0
+platform: ruby
+authors:
+- MLorek
+bindir: bin
+cert_chain: []
+date: 1980-01-02 00:00:00.000000000 Z
+dependencies:
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: minitest
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '5.0'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '5.0'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: rake
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '13.0'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '13.0'
+description: Zero-dependency driver for the Frostlake SQL engine, speaking its HTTP
+  protocol against a running DatabaseHttpServer.
+executables: []
+extensions: []
+extra_rdoc_files: []
+files:
+- LICENSE
+- README.md
+- lib/frostlake.rb
+homepage: https://frostlake.dev
+licenses:
+- Apache-2.0
+metadata:
+  homepage_uri: https://frostlake.dev
+  source_code_uri: https://github.com/Frostlake-DB/frostlake-ruby
+  bug_tracker_uri: https://github.com/Frostlake-DB/frostlake-ruby/issues
+  rubygems_mfa_required: 'true'
+rdoc_options: []
+require_paths:
+- lib
+required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+  requirements:
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+      version: '3.0'
+required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+  requirements:
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+      version: '0'
+requirements: []
+rubygems_version: 3.6.7
+specification_version: 4
+summary: Ruby driver for Frostlake over its HTTP protocol
+test_files: []