feed-normalizer 1.5.1 → 1.5.2

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Files changed (20) hide show
  1. data/History.txt +48 -48
  2. data/License.txt +27 -27
  3. data/Manifest.txt +18 -19
  4. data/README.txt +63 -63
  5. data/Rakefile +29 -25
  6. data/lib/feed-normalizer.rb +149 -149
  7. data/lib/html-cleaner.rb +181 -190
  8. data/lib/parsers/rss.rb +110 -95
  9. data/lib/parsers/simple-rss.rb +138 -137
  10. data/lib/structures.rb +245 -244
  11. data/test/data/atom03.xml +128 -127
  12. data/test/data/atom10.xml +114 -112
  13. data/test/data/rdf10.xml +1498 -1498
  14. data/test/data/rss20.xml +64 -63
  15. data/test/data/rss20diff.xml +59 -59
  16. data/test/data/rss20diff_short.xml +51 -51
  17. data/test/test_feednormalizer.rb +265 -267
  18. data/test/test_htmlcleaner.rb +156 -155
  19. metadata +99 -63
  20. data/test/test_all.rb +0 -6
data/test/data/rdf10.xml CHANGED
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- <dc:source>Nature 443, xiii
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- (2006)
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- <description>The work of two postdocs in different labs at the University of Washington in Seattle has solved the mechanics of a protein complex involved in DNA repair, replication and transcription (see page 590).Ti Li, a fellow in Ning Zheng's lab, took on the </description>
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- <dc:title>Key contribution</dc:title>
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- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/7111xiiic</dc:identifier>
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- <dc:source>Nature 443, xiii
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- (2006)
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- <dc:date>2006-10-05</dc:date>
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- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
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- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-05</prism:publicationDate>
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- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
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- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
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- <prism:section>Authors</prism:section>
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- <title>To build bridges, or to burn them</title>
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- <description>Environmentalists who have grown impatient with science and technology need not be dismissed as beyond the reach of reason.</description>
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- <dc:title>To build bridges, or to burn them</dc:title>
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- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443481a</dc:identifier>
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- <dc:source>Nature 443, 481
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- (2006)
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- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
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- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
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- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
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- <title>Power and particles</title>
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- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443482a</link>
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- <description>String theories dominate for good reason.</description>
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- <dc:title>Power and particles</dc:title>
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- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443482a</dc:identifier>
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- <dc:source>Nature 443, 482
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- (2006)
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- </dc:source>
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- <title>One small step</title>
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- <description>Nature Nanotechnology will spearhead rapid progress in understanding the nanoscale.</description>
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- <dc:title>One small step</dc:title>
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- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443482b</dc:identifier>
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- <dc:source>Nature 443, 482
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- (2006)
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- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
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- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
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- <title>Research highlights</title>
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- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443484a</link>
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- <description>Cancer Biology: A short-lived recoveryJ. Clin. Invest.116, 2610&#8211;2621 (2006)Some promising cancer therapies work by starving tumours of their blood supply, but what happens after treatment stops?Donald McDonald of the University of California, San Francisco, and his colleagues treated tumours in </description>
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- <dc:title>Research highlights</dc:title>
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- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443484a</dc:identifier>
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- <dc:source>Nature 443, 484
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- (2006)
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- <title>Climate in court</title>
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- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443486a</link>
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- <description>A forthcoming case in the Supreme Court could push the United States towards regulating against global warming, says Emma Marris.</description>
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- <dc:title>Climate in court</dc:title>
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- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443486a</dc:identifier>
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- <dc:source>Nature 443, 486
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- (2006)
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- <prism:endingPage>487</prism:endingPage>
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- <title>Sidelines</title>
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- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443488b</link>
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- <description>On the Record&#8220;That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.&#8221;Computer analysis shows that Neil Armstrong, the first man on the Moon, didn't fluff his lines after all.&#8220;If you had told me I would have death threats in </description>
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- <dc:title>Sidelines</dc:title>
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- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443488b</dc:identifier>
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- <dc:source>Nature 443, 488
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- (2006)
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- </dc:source>
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- <dc:date>2006-10-05</dc:date>
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- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
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- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-05</prism:publicationDate>
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- <title>Youthful duo snags a swift Nobel for RNA control of genes</title>
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- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443488a</link>
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- <description>Award comes just eight years after publication.</description>
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- <dc:title>Youthful duo snags a swift Nobel for RNA control of genes</dc:title>
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- <dc:creator>Alison Abbott</dc:creator>
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- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443488a</dc:identifier>
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- <dc:source>Nature 443, 488
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- (2006)
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- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
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- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-05</prism:publicationDate>
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- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
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- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
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- <title>Cosmic ripples net physics prize</title>
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- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443489a</link>
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- <description>Vision of early Universe makes its mark.</description>
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- <dc:title>Cosmic ripples net physics prize</dc:title>
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- <dc:creator>Katharine Sanderson</dc:creator>
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- <dc:creator>Jenny Hogan</dc:creator>
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- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443489a</dc:identifier>
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- <dc:source>Nature 443, 489
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- (2006)
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- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
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- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
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- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
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- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443491a">
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- <title>Theorists snap over string pieces</title>
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- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443491a</link>
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- <description>Books spark war of words in physics.</description>
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- <dc:title>Theorists snap over string pieces</dc:title>
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- <dc:creator>Geoff Brumfiel</dc:creator>
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- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443491a</dc:identifier>
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- <dc:source>Nature 443, 491
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- (2006)
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- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443492a">
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- <title>Q&amp;A: Fabio Mussi</title>
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- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443492a</link>
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- <description>Italian research minister speaks his mind.</description>
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- <dc:title>Q&amp;A: Fabio Mussi</dc:title>
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- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443492a</dc:identifier>
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- <dc:source>Nature 443, 492
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- (2006)
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- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
347
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348
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
349
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
350
- <prism:section>News</prism:section>
351
- <prism:startingPage>492</prism:startingPage>
352
- <prism:endingPage>492</prism:endingPage>
353
- </item>
354
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443492b">
355
- <title>Cloners break away from the herd</title>
356
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443492b</link>
357
- <description>Differentiated cells may hold more promise than adult stem cells.</description>
358
-
359
- <dc:title>Cloners break away from the herd</dc:title>
360
- <dc:creator>Helen Pearson</dc:creator>
361
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443492b</dc:identifier>
362
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 492
363
- (2006)
364
- </dc:source>
365
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
366
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
367
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
368
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
369
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
370
-
371
- <prism:section>News</prism:section>
372
- <prism:startingPage>492</prism:startingPage>
373
- <prism:endingPage>492</prism:endingPage>
374
- </item>
375
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443493a">
376
- <title>Wikipedia rival calls in the experts</title>
377
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443493a</link>
378
- <description>Encyclopaedia aims to recognize status of academic editors.</description>
379
- <dc:title>Wikipedia rival calls in the experts</dc:title>
380
- <dc:creator>Jim Giles</dc:creator>
381
-
382
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443493a</dc:identifier>
383
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 493
384
- (2006)
385
- </dc:source>
386
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
387
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
388
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
389
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
390
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
391
- <prism:section>News</prism:section>
392
- <prism:startingPage>493</prism:startingPage>
393
-
394
- <prism:endingPage>493</prism:endingPage>
395
- </item>
396
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443494a">
397
- <title>News in brief</title>
398
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443494a</link>
399
- <description>Scientists push for stronger voice in CongressHoping to influence the outcome of the 7 November US midterms, a group of scientists is trying to sway local elections over science issues.The group, Scientists and Engineers for America, is advancing a 'scientific bill of rights', </description>
400
- <dc:title>News in brief</dc:title>
401
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443494a</dc:identifier>
402
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 494
403
- (2006)
404
- </dc:source>
405
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
406
-
407
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
408
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
409
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
410
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
411
- <prism:section>News in Brief</prism:section>
412
- <prism:startingPage>494</prism:startingPage>
413
- <prism:endingPage>494</prism:endingPage>
414
- </item>
415
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443496a">
416
- <title>Copycats gear up to dog biotech brands</title>
417
-
418
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443496a</link>
419
- <description>Pressure is mounting on US regulators to create an approval track for generic versions of biotechnology drugs. Meredith Wadman reports.</description>
420
- <dc:title>Copycats gear up to dog biotech brands</dc:title>
421
- <dc:creator>Meredith Wadman</dc:creator>
422
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443496a</dc:identifier>
423
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 496
424
- (2006)
425
- </dc:source>
426
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
427
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
428
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
429
-
430
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
431
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
432
- <prism:section>Business</prism:section>
433
- <prism:startingPage>496</prism:startingPage>
434
- <prism:endingPage>497</prism:endingPage>
435
- </item>
436
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443497a">
437
- <title>In brief</title>
438
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443497a</link>
439
- <description>Suitor identifiedSerono is to be bought by Merck in a deal that values the Swiss biotechnology company at 16.1 billion Swiss francs (US&#36;12.9 billion). The largest biotech company in Europe, whose best-selling product is a drug for multiple sclerosis, Serono has been scouting for </description>
440
-
441
- <dc:title>In brief</dc:title>
442
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443497a</dc:identifier>
443
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 497
444
- (2006)
445
- </dc:source>
446
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
447
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
448
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
449
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
450
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
451
- <prism:section>Business</prism:section>
452
-
453
- <prism:startingPage>497</prism:startingPage>
454
- <prism:endingPage>497</prism:endingPage>
455
- </item>
456
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443497b">
457
- <title>Market watch</title>
458
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443497b</link>
459
- <description>After steadying in the summer, prices for European Union allowances for emissions of carbon dioxide have dipped precipitously in the past two weeks, to less than [euro]12 (US&#36;15) for a tonne of emissions.According to carbon-market analysts, the drop reflects recent falls in oil and </description>
460
- <dc:title>Market watch</dc:title>
461
- <dc:creator>Quirin Schiermeier</dc:creator>
462
-
463
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443497b</dc:identifier>
464
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 497
465
- (2006)
466
- </dc:source>
467
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
468
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
469
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
470
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
471
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
472
- <prism:section>Business</prism:section>
473
- <prism:startingPage>497</prism:startingPage>
474
-
475
- <prism:endingPage>497</prism:endingPage>
476
- </item>
477
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443498a">
478
- <title>Environmental activism: In the name of nature</title>
479
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443498a</link>
480
- <description>What drives environmental activists to fire-bomb laboratories? Emma Marris investigates a radical fringe of the US green movement.</description>
481
- <dc:title>Environmental activism: In the name of nature</dc:title>
482
- <dc:creator>Emma Marris</dc:creator>
483
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443498a</dc:identifier>
484
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 498
485
- (2006)
486
-
487
- </dc:source>
488
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
489
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
490
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
491
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
492
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
493
- <prism:section>News Feature</prism:section>
494
- <prism:startingPage>498</prism:startingPage>
495
- <prism:endingPage>501</prism:endingPage>
496
-
497
- </item>
498
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443502a">
499
- <title>Driven to market</title>
500
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443502a</link>
501
- <description>We're selfish and rational &#8212; that's what classical economics says. But play parlour games with brain scanners and you'll find we're pulled in different directions when it comes to money. Jonah Lehrer reports.</description>
502
- <dc:title>Driven to market</dc:title>
503
- <dc:creator>Jonah Lehrer</dc:creator>
504
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443502a</dc:identifier>
505
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 502
506
- (2006)
507
-
508
- </dc:source>
509
- <dc:date>2006-10-05</dc:date>
510
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
511
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-05</prism:publicationDate>
512
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
513
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
514
- <prism:section>News Feature</prism:section>
515
- <prism:startingPage>502</prism:startingPage>
516
- <prism:endingPage>504</prism:endingPage>
517
-
518
- </item>
519
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443505a">
520
- <title>A novel reality</title>
521
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443505a</link>
522
- <description>Can an advertising executive write an accurate thriller about science? Britta Danger talks to a German author who thinks he has pulled it off.</description>
523
- <dc:title>A novel reality</dc:title>
524
- <dc:creator>Britta Danger</dc:creator>
525
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443505a</dc:identifier>
526
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 505
527
- (2006)
528
- </dc:source>
529
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
530
-
531
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
532
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
533
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
534
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
535
- <prism:section>News Feature</prism:section>
536
- <prism:startingPage>505</prism:startingPage>
537
- <prism:endingPage>505</prism:endingPage>
538
- </item>
539
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506a">
540
- <title>Speaking different languages on biodiversity</title>
541
-
542
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506a</link>
543
- <description>SirInterdisciplinary conferences such as BioEcon (Biodiversity and Economics for Conservation), whose eighth meeting &#8220;Economic Analysis of Ecology and Biodiversity&#8221; has just finished, provide much-needed forums to cultivate the scientific collaborations on which mutual understanding depends. Economic context, in particular, is essential for understanding and </description>
544
- <dc:title>Speaking different languages on biodiversity</dc:title>
545
- <dc:creator>R. M. Ewers</dc:creator>
546
- <dc:creator>A. S. L. Rodrigues</dc:creator>
547
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443506a</dc:identifier>
548
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 506
549
- (2006)
550
- </dc:source>
551
-
552
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
553
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
554
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
555
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
556
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
557
- <prism:section>Correspondence</prism:section>
558
- <prism:startingPage>506</prism:startingPage>
559
- <prism:endingPage>506</prism:endingPage>
560
- </item>
561
-
562
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506b">
563
- <title>Bench-to-bedside solution to funding problems</title>
564
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506b</link>
565
- <description>SirRecent budget allocations by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) have aroused serious concern among researchers (see, for example, A. R. Marks J. Clin. Invest.116, 844; 2006). The problem seems to stem from the division between those who are funded by </description>
566
- <dc:title>Bench-to-bedside solution to funding problems</dc:title>
567
- <dc:creator>Samuel F. Bakhoum</dc:creator>
568
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443506b</dc:identifier>
569
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 506
570
- (2006)
571
- </dc:source>
572
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
573
-
574
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
575
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
576
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
577
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
578
- <prism:section>Correspondence</prism:section>
579
- <prism:startingPage>506</prism:startingPage>
580
- <prism:endingPage>506</prism:endingPage>
581
- </item>
582
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506c">
583
- <title>Learning from painful experience of disaster</title>
584
-
585
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506c</link>
586
- <description>SirYour Editorial about preparing for natural disasters (&#8220;State of readiness&#8221; Nature 442,847&#8211;488; 2006 provides some good advice. As someone whose lab was out of commission for two years after the Northridge earthquake of 1994, I would like to suggest some more precautions, and </description>
587
- <dc:title>Learning from painful experience of disaster</dc:title>
588
- <dc:creator>Steven B. Oppenheimer</dc:creator>
589
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443506c</dc:identifier>
590
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 506
591
- (2006)
592
- </dc:source>
593
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
594
-
595
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
596
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
597
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
598
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
599
- <prism:section>Correspondence</prism:section>
600
- <prism:startingPage>506</prism:startingPage>
601
- <prism:endingPage>506</prism:endingPage>
602
- </item>
603
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506d">
604
- <title>Hoyle's observations were right on the ball</title>
605
-
606
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506d</link>
607
- <description>SirIn his In Retrospect article &#8220;Out of the darkness&#8221; (Nature442, 986; 2006), Jay M. Pasachoff notes the impact of Fred Hoyle's novel The Black Cloud (first published in 1957) and its contemporary relevance. We would like to add </description>
608
- <dc:title>Hoyle's observations were right on the ball</dc:title>
609
- <dc:creator>Simon K Rushton</dc:creator>
610
- <dc:creator>Rob Gray</dc:creator>
611
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443506d</dc:identifier>
612
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 506
613
- (2006)
614
- </dc:source>
615
-
616
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
617
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
618
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
619
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
620
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
621
- <prism:section>Correspondence</prism:section>
622
- <prism:startingPage>506</prism:startingPage>
623
- <prism:endingPage>506</prism:endingPage>
624
- </item>
625
-
626
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443507a">
627
- <title>Unburdened by proof</title>
628
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443507a</link>
629
- <description>String theorists are setting a worrying trend by downplaying the need for experimental evidence.</description>
630
- <dc:title>Unburdened by proof</dc:title>
631
- <dc:creator>George Ellis</dc:creator>
632
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443507a</dc:identifier>
633
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 507
634
- (2006)
635
- </dc:source>
636
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
637
-
638
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
639
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
640
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
641
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
642
- <prism:section>Books and Arts</prism:section>
643
- <prism:startingPage>507</prism:startingPage>
644
- <prism:endingPage>508</prism:endingPage>
645
- </item>
646
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443508a">
647
- <title>Developing diversity</title>
648
-
649
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443508a</link>
650
- <description>All living organisms deploy similar evolutionarily conserved mechanisms to generate energy, replicate their genomes, use genetic information and synthesize basic building-blocks for their cells. Yet the myriad shapes and forms of both plants and animals are overwhelming in their variety and extremes. What is even </description>
651
- <dc:title>Developing diversity</dc:title>
652
- <dc:creator>Michael Karin</dc:creator>
653
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443508a</dc:identifier>
654
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 508
655
- (2006)
656
- </dc:source>
657
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
658
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
659
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
660
-
661
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
662
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
663
- <prism:section>Books and Arts</prism:section>
664
- <prism:startingPage>508</prism:startingPage>
665
- <prism:endingPage>509</prism:endingPage>
666
- </item>
667
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443509a">
668
- <title>Putting DNA on the map</title>
669
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443509a</link>
670
- <description>In the 1950s, Seymour Benzer set out on a daunting research programme aimed at resolving the fine structure of the gene. Using bacteriophages and various strains of bacteria, his genetic-mapping enterprise ultimately united genetics and structural chemistry. How did Benzer conceive and achieve this goal? </description>
671
-
672
- <dc:title>Putting DNA on the map</dc:title>
673
- <dc:creator>Denis Thieffry</dc:creator>
674
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443509a</dc:identifier>
675
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 509
676
- (2006)
677
- </dc:source>
678
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
679
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
680
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
681
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
682
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
683
-
684
- <prism:section>Books and Arts</prism:section>
685
- <prism:startingPage>509</prism:startingPage>
686
- <prism:endingPage>509</prism:endingPage>
687
- </item>
688
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443510a">
689
- <title>Science in Culture</title>
690
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443510a</link>
691
- <description>A series of exhibitions across Europe show how Leonardo da Vinci linked art and science.</description>
692
- <dc:title>Science in Culture</dc:title>
693
- <dc:creator>Stefano Grillo</dc:creator>
694
-
695
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443510a</dc:identifier>
696
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 510
697
- (2006)
698
- </dc:source>
699
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
700
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
701
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
702
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
703
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
704
- <prism:section>Books and Arts</prism:section>
705
- <prism:startingPage>510</prism:startingPage>
706
-
707
- <prism:endingPage>510</prism:endingPage>
708
- </item>
709
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443511a">
710
- <title>Microbiology: Death of a chaperone</title>
711
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443511a</link>
712
- <description>To help their growth and spread, bacteria rely on virulence factors, many of which are toxic. One such factor is highly potent, as it attacks a key protein that 'chaperones' other proteins through their synthesis.</description>
713
- <dc:title>Microbiology: Death of a chaperone</dc:title>
714
- <dc:creator>Cesare Montecucco</dc:creator>
715
- <dc:creator>Maurizio Molinari</dc:creator>
716
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443511a</dc:identifier>
717
-
718
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 511
719
- (2006)
720
- </dc:source>
721
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
722
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
723
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
724
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
725
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
726
- <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
727
- <prism:startingPage>511</prism:startingPage>
728
- <prism:endingPage>512</prism:endingPage>
729
-
730
- </item>
731
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443512a">
732
- <title>Atomic physics: Quantum leap from light to atoms</title>
733
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443512a</link>
734
- <description>Quantum-information networks use matter for long-term storage and light for long-distance transmission. Teleporting a quantum state from light onto matter has now been achieved.</description>
735
- <dc:title>Atomic physics: Quantum leap from light to atoms</dc:title>
736
- <dc:creator>Mikhail Lukin</dc:creator>
737
- <dc:creator>Matthew Eisaman</dc:creator>
738
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443512a</dc:identifier>
739
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 512
740
- (2006)
741
-
742
- </dc:source>
743
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
744
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
745
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
746
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
747
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
748
- <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
749
- <prism:startingPage>512</prism:startingPage>
750
- <prism:endingPage>513</prism:endingPage>
751
-
752
- </item>
753
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443513a">
754
- <title>Cell cycle: Complex evolution</title>
755
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443513a</link>
756
- <description>Cell division is fundamental to life, and so might be expected to have changed little during evolution. Data from four species show that the genes involved can vary, but the regulation of complexes is a common theme.</description>
757
- <dc:title>Cell cycle: Complex evolution</dc:title>
758
- <dc:creator>Gavin Sherlock</dc:creator>
759
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443513a</dc:identifier>
760
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 513
761
- (2006)
762
- </dc:source>
763
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
764
-
765
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
766
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
767
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
768
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
769
- <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
770
- <prism:startingPage>513</prism:startingPage>
771
- <prism:endingPage>515</prism:endingPage>
772
- </item>
773
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443513b">
774
- <title>50 &amp; 100 years ago</title>
775
-
776
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443513b</link>
777
- <description>50 years ago&#8220;Marking of tsetse flies for their detection at night&#8221; &#8212; Most testse field-work so far has been based on day-time observations of active flies. If work is to be done on resting flies, it will be advantageous to have an easy method </description>
778
- <dc:title>50 &amp; 100 years ago</dc:title>
779
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443513b</dc:identifier>
780
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 513
781
- (2006)
782
- </dc:source>
783
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
784
-
785
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
786
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
787
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
788
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
789
- <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
790
- <prism:startingPage>513</prism:startingPage>
791
- <prism:endingPage>513</prism:endingPage>
792
- </item>
793
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443516a">
794
- <title>Earth Science: Lost lithium found</title>
795
-
796
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443516a</link>
797
- <description>Lithium isotopes provide a fingerprint of recycled material in Earth's upper mantle. But this fingerprint is different from what had been expected. So do we need to reassess our ideas about how the upper mantle evolves?</description>
798
- <dc:title>Earth Science: Lost lithium found</dc:title>
799
- <dc:creator>Elisabeth Widom</dc:creator>
800
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443516a</dc:identifier>
801
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 516
802
- (2006)
803
- </dc:source>
804
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
805
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
806
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
807
-
808
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
809
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
810
- <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
811
- <prism:startingPage>516</prism:startingPage>
812
- <prism:endingPage>517</prism:endingPage>
813
- </item>
814
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443517a">
815
- <title>Nanotechnology: Downsizing SQUIDs</title>
816
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443517a</link>
817
- <description>They sound fishy, but SQUIDs &#8212; superconducting quantum interference devices &#8212; are ultra-sensitive gadgets used for measuring the strength of magnetic fields. These 'magnetometers' have widespread applications ranging from materials science to medicine. Writing in Nature Nanotechnology, Cleuziou, Wernsdorfer and colleagues describe a minuscule </description>
818
-
819
- <dc:title>Nanotechnology: Downsizing SQUIDs</dc:title>
820
- <dc:creator>Jessica Thomas</dc:creator>
821
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443517a</dc:identifier>
822
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 517
823
- (2006)
824
- </dc:source>
825
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
826
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
827
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
828
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
829
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
830
-
831
- <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
832
- <prism:startingPage>517</prism:startingPage>
833
- <prism:endingPage>517</prism:endingPage>
834
- </item>
835
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443517b">
836
- <title>Microbiology: Resurrecting a broken genome</title>
837
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443517b</link>
838
- <description>A remarkable bacterium can survive extraordinary doses of ionizing radiation that shatter its genome into thousands of pieces. How does it accurately reassemble these DNA fragments into an intact genome?</description>
839
- <dc:title>Microbiology: Resurrecting a broken genome</dc:title>
840
- <dc:creator>Susan T. Lovett</dc:creator>
841
-
842
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443517b</dc:identifier>
843
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 517
844
- (2006)
845
- </dc:source>
846
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
847
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
848
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
849
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
850
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
851
- <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
852
- <prism:startingPage>517</prism:startingPage>
853
-
854
- <prism:endingPage>519</prism:endingPage>
855
- </item>
856
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443519a">
857
- <title>Correction</title>
858
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443519a</link>
859
- <description>In the News and Views article &#8220;Hydrogen at the flick of a switch&#8221; by Masanori Takimoto and Zhaomin Hou (Nature443, 400&#8211;401; 2006), the e-mail address for Zhaomin Hou was incorrect. The correct address is houz@riken.jp</description>
860
- <dc:title>Correction</dc:title>
861
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443519a</dc:identifier>
862
-
863
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 519
864
- (2006)
865
- </dc:source>
866
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
867
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
868
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
869
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
870
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
871
- <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
872
- <prism:startingPage>519</prism:startingPage>
873
- <prism:endingPage>519</prism:endingPage>
874
-
875
- </item>
876
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443521a">
877
- <title>Genetics: Junk DNA as an evolutionary force</title>
878
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443521a</link>
879
- <description>Transposable elements were long dismissed as useless, but they are emerging as major players in evolution. Their interactions with the genome and the environment affect how genes are translated into physical traits.</description>
880
- <dc:title>Genetics: Junk DNA as an evolutionary force</dc:title>
881
- <dc:creator>Christian Bi&#233;mont</dc:creator>
882
- <dc:creator>Cristina Vieira</dc:creator>
883
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443521a</dc:identifier>
884
-
885
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 521
886
- (2006)
887
- </dc:source>
888
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
889
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
890
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
891
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
892
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
893
- <prism:section>News and Views Feature</prism:section>
894
- <prism:startingPage>521</prism:startingPage>
895
- <prism:endingPage>524</prism:endingPage>
896
-
897
- </item>
898
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443525a">
899
- <title>Biomechanics: Robotic whiskers used to sense features</title>
900
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443525a</link>
901
- <description>Whiskers mimicking those of seals or rats might be useful for underwater tracking or tactile exploration.Several species of terrestrial and marine mammals with whiskers (vibrissae) use them to sense and navigate in their environment &#8212; for example, rats use their whiskers to discern the features of objects, and seals rely on theirs to track the hydrodynamic trails of their prey. Here we show that the bending moment &#8212; sometimes referred to as torque &#8212; at the whisker base can be used to generate three-dimensional spatial representations of the environment, and we use this principle to construct robotic whisker arrays that extract precise information about object shape and fluid flow. Our results will contribute to the development of versatile tactile-sensing systems for robotic applications, and demonstrate the value of hardware models in understanding how sensing mechanisms and movement control strategies are interlocked.</description>
902
- <dc:title>Biomechanics: Robotic whiskers used to sense features</dc:title>
903
- <dc:creator>Joseph H. Solomon</dc:creator>
904
-
905
- <dc:creator>Mitra J. Hartmann</dc:creator>
906
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443525a</dc:identifier>
907
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 525
908
- (2006)
909
- </dc:source>
910
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
911
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
912
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
913
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
914
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
915
- <prism:section>Brief Communications</prism:section>
916
-
917
- <prism:startingPage>525</prism:startingPage>
918
- <prism:endingPage>525</prism:endingPage>
919
- </item>
920
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05288">
921
- <title>Gluconeogenesis: Re-evaluating the FOXO1&#8211;PGC-1&#945; connection</title>
922
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05288</link>
923
- <description>Arising from: P. Puigserver et al. Nature423, 550&#8211;555 (2003).Increased expression of the gene encoding the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) contributes to the increased production of glucose by the liver that occurs in individuals with diabetes. Puigserver et al. show that the transcription factor FOXO1 and the transcriptional co-activator PGC-1&#945; act synergistically to stimulate the expression of genes in the gluconeogenesis pathway and propose that PGC-1&#945; acts, in part, directly through FOXO1. Here we show that FOXO1 is neither required nor sufficient for the stimulation of G6Pase&#8211;luciferase fusion gene expression by PGC-1&#945;. Our results indicate that the transcriptional interaction between FOXO1 and PGC-1&#945; is indirect.</description>
924
-
925
- <dc:title>Gluconeogenesis: Re-evaluating the FOXO1&#8211;PGC-1&#945; connection</dc:title>
926
- <dc:creator>Marcia M. Schilling</dc:creator>
927
- <dc:creator>James K. Oeser</dc:creator>
928
- <dc:creator>Jared N. Boustead</dc:creator>
929
- <dc:creator>Brian P. Flemming</dc:creator>
930
- <dc:creator>Richard M. O'Brien</dc:creator>
931
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05288</dc:identifier>
932
-
933
- <dc:source>Nature 443, E10
934
- (2006)
935
- </dc:source>
936
- <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
937
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
938
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
939
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
940
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
941
- <prism:section>Brief Communications</prism:section>
942
- <prism:startingPage>E10</prism:startingPage>
943
- <prism:endingPage>E11</prism:endingPage>
944
-
945
- </item>
946
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05127">
947
- <title>From in vivo to in silico biology and back</title>
948
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05127</link>
949
- <description>The massive acquisition of data in molecular and cellular biology has led to the renaissance of an old topic: simulations of biological systems. Simulations, increasingly paired with experiments, are being successfully and routinely used by computational biologists to understand and predict the quantitative behaviour of </description>
950
- <dc:title>From in vivo to in silico biology and back</dc:title>
951
- <dc:creator>Barbara Di Ventura</dc:creator>
952
- <dc:creator>Caroline Lemerle</dc:creator>
953
- <dc:creator>Konstantinos Michalodimitrakis</dc:creator>
954
- <dc:creator>Luis Serrano</dc:creator>
955
-
956
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05127</dc:identifier>
957
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 527
958
- (2006)
959
- </dc:source>
960
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
961
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
962
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
963
- <prism:section>Review</prism:section>
964
- <prism:startingPage>527</prism:startingPage>
965
- <prism:endingPage>533</prism:endingPage>
966
- </item>
967
-
968
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05158">
969
- <title>Transiting extrasolar planetary candidates in the Galactic bulge</title>
970
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05158</link>
971
- <description>More than 200 extrasolar planets have been discovered around relatively nearby stars, primarily through the Doppler line shifts owing to reflex motions of their host stars, and more recently through transits of some planets across the faces of the host stars. The detection of planets </description>
972
- <dc:title>Transiting extrasolar planetary candidates in the Galactic bulge</dc:title>
973
- <dc:creator>Kailash C. Sahu</dc:creator>
974
- <dc:creator>Stefano Casertano</dc:creator>
975
- <dc:creator>Howard E. Bond</dc:creator>
976
- <dc:creator>Jeff Valenti</dc:creator>
977
-
978
- <dc:creator>T. Ed Smith</dc:creator>
979
- <dc:creator>Dante Minniti</dc:creator>
980
- <dc:creator>Manuela Zoccali</dc:creator>
981
- <dc:creator>Mario Livio</dc:creator>
982
- <dc:creator>Nino Panagia</dc:creator>
983
- <dc:creator>Nikolai Piskunov</dc:creator>
984
- <dc:creator>Thomas M. Brown</dc:creator>
985
- <dc:creator>Timothy Brown</dc:creator>
986
- <dc:creator>Alvio Renzini</dc:creator>
987
-
988
- <dc:creator>R. Michael Rich</dc:creator>
989
- <dc:creator>Will Clarkson</dc:creator>
990
- <dc:creator>Stephen Lubow</dc:creator>
991
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05158</dc:identifier>
992
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 534
993
- (2006)
994
- </dc:source>
995
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
996
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
997
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
998
- <prism:section>Article</prism:section>
999
-
1000
- <prism:startingPage>534</prism:startingPage>
1001
- <prism:endingPage>540</prism:endingPage>
1002
- </item>
1003
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05178">
1004
- <title>Genome-wide genetic analysis of polyploidy in yeast</title>
1005
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05178</link>
1006
- <description>Polyploidy, increased sets of chromosomes, occurs during development, cellular stress, disease and evolution. Despite its prevalence, little is known about the physiological alterations that accompany polyploidy. We previously described &#8216;ploidy-specific lethality&#8217;, where a gene deletion that is not lethal in haploid or diploid budding yeast </description>
1007
- <dc:title>Genome-wide genetic analysis of polyploidy in yeast</dc:title>
1008
- <dc:creator>Zuzana Storchov&#225;</dc:creator>
1009
-
1010
- <dc:creator>Amanda Breneman</dc:creator>
1011
- <dc:creator>Jessica Cande</dc:creator>
1012
- <dc:creator>Joshua Dunn</dc:creator>
1013
- <dc:creator>Kendra Burbank</dc:creator>
1014
- <dc:creator>Eileen O'Toole</dc:creator>
1015
- <dc:creator>David Pellman</dc:creator>
1016
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05178</dc:identifier>
1017
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 541
1018
- (2006)
1019
- </dc:source>
1020
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1021
-
1022
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1023
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1024
- <prism:section>Article</prism:section>
1025
- <prism:startingPage>541</prism:startingPage>
1026
- <prism:endingPage>547</prism:endingPage>
1027
- </item>
1028
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05124">
1029
- <title>AB5 subtilase cytotoxin inactivates the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP</title>
1030
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05124</link>
1031
- <description>AB5 toxins are produced by pathogenic bacteria and consist of enzymatic A subunits that corrupt essential eukaryotic cell functions, and pentameric B subunits that mediate uptake into the target cell. AB5 toxins include the Shiga, cholera and pertussis toxins and a </description>
1032
-
1033
- <dc:title>AB5 subtilase cytotoxin inactivates the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP</dc:title>
1034
- <dc:creator>Adrienne W. Paton</dc:creator>
1035
- <dc:creator>Travis Beddoe</dc:creator>
1036
- <dc:creator>Cheleste M. Thorpe</dc:creator>
1037
- <dc:creator>James C. Whisstock</dc:creator>
1038
- <dc:creator>Matthew C. J. Wilce</dc:creator>
1039
- <dc:creator>Jamie Rossjohn</dc:creator>
1040
- <dc:creator>Ursula M. Talbot</dc:creator>
1041
- <dc:creator>James C. Paton</dc:creator>
1042
-
1043
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05124</dc:identifier>
1044
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 548
1045
- (2006)
1046
- </dc:source>
1047
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1048
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1049
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1050
- <prism:section>Article</prism:section>
1051
- <prism:startingPage>548</prism:startingPage>
1052
- <prism:endingPage>552</prism:endingPage>
1053
- </item>
1054
-
1055
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05116">
1056
- <title>Electron acceleration from contracting magnetic islands during reconnection</title>
1057
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05116</link>
1058
- <description>A long-standing problem in the study of space and astrophysical plasmas is to explain the production of energetic electrons as magnetic fields &#8216;reconnect&#8217; and release energy. In the Earth's magnetosphere, electron energies reach hundreds of thousands of electron volts (refs 1&#8211;3), whereas the typical electron energies associated with large-scale reconnection-driven flows are just a few electron volts. Recent observations further suggest that these energetic particles are produced in the region where the magnetic field reconnects. In solar flares, upwards of 50 per cent of the energy released can appear as energetic electrons. Here we show that electrons gain kinetic energy by reflecting from the ends of the contracting &#8216;magnetic islands&#8217; that form as reconnection proceeds. The mechanism is analogous to the increase of energy of a ball reflecting between two converging walls&#8212;the ball gains energy with each bounce. The repetitive interaction of electrons with many islands allows large numbers to be efficiently accelerated to high energy. The back pressure of the energetic electrons throttles reconnection so that the electron energy gain is a large fraction of the released magnetic energy. The resultant energy spectra of electrons take the form of power laws with spectral indices that match the magnetospheric observations.</description>
1059
- <dc:title>Electron acceleration from contracting magnetic islands during reconnection</dc:title>
1060
-
1061
- <dc:creator>J. F. Drake</dc:creator>
1062
- <dc:creator>M. Swisdak</dc:creator>
1063
- <dc:creator>H. Che</dc:creator>
1064
- <dc:creator>M. A. Shay</dc:creator>
1065
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05116</dc:identifier>
1066
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 553
1067
- (2006)
1068
- </dc:source>
1069
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1070
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1071
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1072
-
1073
- <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1074
- <prism:startingPage>553</prism:startingPage>
1075
- <prism:endingPage>556</prism:endingPage>
1076
- </item>
1077
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05136">
1078
- <title>Quantum teleportation between light and matter</title>
1079
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05136</link>
1080
- <description>Quantum teleportation is an important ingredient in distributed quantum networks, and can also serve as an elementary operation in quantum computers. Teleportation was first demonstrated as a transfer of a quantum state of light onto another light beam; later developments used optical relays and demonstrated entanglement swapping for continuous variables. The teleportation of a quantum state between two single material particles (trapped ions) has now also been achieved. Here we demonstrate teleportation between objects of a different nature&#8212;light and matter, which respectively represent &#8216;flying&#8217; and &#8216;stationary&#8217; media. A quantum state encoded in a light pulse is teleported onto a macroscopic object (an atomic ensemble containing 10 caesium atoms). Deterministic teleportation is achieved for sets of coherent states with mean photon number (n) up to a few hundred. The fidelities are 0.58 &#177; 0.02 for n &#61; 20 and 0.60 &#177; 0.02 for n &#61; 5&#8212;higher than any classical state transfer can possibly achieve. Besides being of fundamental interest, teleportation using a macroscopic atomic ensemble is relevant for the practical implementation of a quantum repeater. An important factor for the implementation of quantum networks is the teleportation distance between transmitter and receiver; this is 0.5&#8201;metres in the present experiment. As our experiment uses propagating light to achieve the entanglement of light and atoms required for teleportation, the present approach should be scalable to longer distances.</description>
1081
-
1082
- <dc:title>Quantum teleportation between light and matter</dc:title>
1083
- <dc:creator>Jacob F. Sherson</dc:creator>
1084
- <dc:creator>Hanna Krauter</dc:creator>
1085
- <dc:creator>Rasmus K. Olsson</dc:creator>
1086
- <dc:creator>Brian Julsgaard</dc:creator>
1087
- <dc:creator>Klemens Hammerer</dc:creator>
1088
- <dc:creator>Ignacio Cirac</dc:creator>
1089
- <dc:creator>Eugene S. Polzik</dc:creator>
1090
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05136</dc:identifier>
1091
-
1092
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 557
1093
- (2006)
1094
- </dc:source>
1095
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1096
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1097
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1098
- <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1099
- <prism:startingPage>557</prism:startingPage>
1100
- <prism:endingPage>560</prism:endingPage>
1101
- </item>
1102
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05121">
1103
- <title>Rapid subtropical North Atlantic salinity oscillations across Dansgaard&#8211;Oeschger cycles</title>
1104
-
1105
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05121</link>
1106
- <description>Geochemical and sedimentological evidence suggest that the rapid climate warming oscillations of the last ice age, the Dansgaard&#8211;Oeschger cycles, were coupled to fluctuations in North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation through its regulation of poleward heat flux. The balance between cold meltwater from the north and warm, salty subtropical gyre waters from the south influenced the strength and location of North Atlantic overturning circulation during this period of highly variable climate. Here we investigate how rapid reorganizations of the ocean&#8211;atmosphere system across these cycles are linked to salinity changes in the subtropical North Atlantic gyre. We combine Mg/Ca palaeothermometry and oxygen isotope ratio measurements on planktonic foraminifera across four Dansgaard&#8211;Oeschger cycles (spanning 45.9&#8211;59.2&#8201;kyr ago) to generate a seawater salinity proxy record from a subtropical gyre deep-sea sediment core. We show that North Atlantic gyre surface salinities oscillated rapidly between saltier stadial conditions and fresher interstadials, covarying with inferred shifts in the Tropical Atlantic hydrologic cycle and North Atlantic overturning circulation. These salinity oscillations suggest a reduction in precipitation into the North Atlantic and/or reduced export of deep salty thermohaline waters during stadials. We hypothesize that increased stadial salinities preconditioned the North Atlantic Ocean for a rapid return to deep overturning circulation and high-latitude warming by contributing to increased North Atlantic surface-water density on interstadial transitions.</description>
1107
- <dc:title>Rapid subtropical North Atlantic salinity oscillations across Dansgaard&#8211;Oeschger cycles</dc:title>
1108
- <dc:creator>Matthew W. Schmidt</dc:creator>
1109
- <dc:creator>Maryline J. Vautravers</dc:creator>
1110
- <dc:creator>Howard J. Spero</dc:creator>
1111
-
1112
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05121</dc:identifier>
1113
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 561
1114
- (2006)
1115
- </dc:source>
1116
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1117
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1118
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1119
- <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1120
- <prism:startingPage>561</prism:startingPage>
1121
- <prism:endingPage>564</prism:endingPage>
1122
- </item>
1123
-
1124
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05144">
1125
- <title>Lithium isotope evidence for subduction-enriched mantle in the source of mid-ocean-ridge basalts</title>
1126
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05144</link>
1127
- <description>&#8216;Recycled&#8217; crustal materials, returned from the Earth's surface to the mantle by subduction, have long been invoked to explain compositional heterogeneity in the upper mantle. Yet increasingly, problems have been noted with this model. The debate can be definitively addressed using stable isotope ratios, which should only significantly vary in primitive, mantle-derived materials as a consequence of recycling. Here we present data showing a notable range in lithium isotope ratios in basalts from the East Pacific Rise, which correlate with traditional indices of mantle heterogeneity (for example, 143Nd/144Nd ratios). Such co-variations of stable and radiogenic isotopes in melts from a normal ridge segment provide critical evidence for the importance of recycled material in generating chemical heterogeneity in the upper mantle. Contrary to many models, however, the elevated lithium isotope ratios of the &#8216;enriched&#8217; East Pacific Rise lavas imply that subducted ocean crust is not the agent of enrichment. Instead, we suggest that fluid-modified mantle, which is enriched during residency in a subduction zone, is mixed back into the upper mantle to cause compositional variability.</description>
1128
- <dc:title>Lithium isotope evidence for subduction-enriched mantle in the source of mid-ocean-ridge basalts</dc:title>
1129
- <dc:creator>Tim Elliott</dc:creator>
1130
- <dc:creator>Alex Thomas</dc:creator>
1131
-
1132
- <dc:creator>Alistair Jeffcoate</dc:creator>
1133
- <dc:creator>Yaoling Niu</dc:creator>
1134
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05144</dc:identifier>
1135
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 565
1136
- (2006)
1137
- </dc:source>
1138
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1139
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1140
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1141
- <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1142
- <prism:startingPage>565</prism:startingPage>
1143
-
1144
- <prism:endingPage>568</prism:endingPage>
1145
- </item>
1146
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05160">
1147
- <title>Reassembly of shattered chromosomes in Deinococcus radiodurans</title>
1148
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05160</link>
1149
- <description>Dehydration or desiccation is one of the most frequent and severe challenges to living cells. The bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans is the best known extremophile among the few organisms that can survive extremely high exposures to desiccation and ionizing radiation, which shatter its genome into hundreds of short DNA fragments. Remarkably, these fragments are readily reassembled into a functional 3.28-megabase genome. Here we describe the relevant two-stage DNA repair process, which involves a previously unknown molecular mechanism for fragment reassembly called &#8216;extended synthesis-dependent strand annealing&#8217; (ESDSA), followed and completed by crossovers. At least two genome copies and random DNA breakage are requirements for effective ESDSA. In ESDSA, chromosomal fragments with overlapping homologies are used both as primers and as templates for massive synthesis of complementary single strands, as occurs in a single-round multiplex polymerase chain reaction. This synthesis depends on DNA polymerase I and incorporates more nucleotides than does normal replication in intact cells. Newly synthesized complementary single-stranded extensions become &#8216;sticky ends&#8217; that anneal with high precision, joining together contiguous DNA fragments into long, linear, double-stranded intermediates. These intermediates require RecA-dependent crossovers to mature into circular chromosomes that comprise double-stranded patchworks of numerous DNA blocks synthesized before radiation, connected by DNA blocks synthesized after radiation.</description>
1150
- <dc:title>Reassembly of shattered chromosomes in Deinococcus radiodurans</dc:title>
1151
-
1152
- <dc:creator>Ksenija Zahradka</dc:creator>
1153
- <dc:creator>Dea Slade</dc:creator>
1154
- <dc:creator>Adriana Bailone</dc:creator>
1155
- <dc:creator>Suzanne Sommer</dc:creator>
1156
- <dc:creator>Dietrich Averbeck</dc:creator>
1157
- <dc:creator>Mirjana Petranovic</dc:creator>
1158
- <dc:creator>Ariel B. Lindner</dc:creator>
1159
- <dc:creator>Miroslav Radman</dc:creator>
1160
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05160</dc:identifier>
1161
-
1162
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 569
1163
- (2006)
1164
- </dc:source>
1165
- <dc:date>2006-09-27</dc:date>
1166
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1167
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-09-27</prism:publicationDate>
1168
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1169
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1170
- <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1171
- <prism:startingPage>569</prism:startingPage>
1172
- <prism:endingPage>573</prism:endingPage>
1173
-
1174
- </item>
1175
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05133">
1176
- <title>Functional epistasis on a common MHC haplotype associated with multiple sclerosis</title>
1177
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05133</link>
1178
- <description>Genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) encode proteins important in activating antigen-specific immune responses. Alleles at adjacent MHC loci are often in strong linkage disequilibrium; however, little is known about the mechanisms responsible for this linkage disequilibrium. Here we report that the human MHC HLA-DR2 haplotype, which predisposes to multiple sclerosis, shows more extensive linkage disequilibrium than other common caucasian HLA haplotypes in the DR region and thus seems likely to have been maintained through positive selection. Characterization of two multiple-sclerosis-associated HLA-DR alleles at separate loci by a functional assay in humanized mice indicates that the linkage disequilibrium between the two alleles may be due to a functional epistatic interaction, whereby one allele modifies the T-cell response activated by the second allele through activation-induced cell death. This functional epistasis is associated with a milder form of multiple-sclerosis-like disease. Such epistatic interaction might prove to be an important general mechanism for modifying exuberant immune responses that are deleterious to the host and could also help to explain the strong linkage disequilibrium in this and perhaps other HLA haplotypes.</description>
1179
- <dc:title>Functional epistasis on a common MHC haplotype associated with multiple sclerosis</dc:title>
1180
- <dc:creator>Jon W. Gregersen</dc:creator>
1181
- <dc:creator>Kamil R. Kranc</dc:creator>
1182
- <dc:creator>Xiayi Ke</dc:creator>
1183
- <dc:creator>Pia Svendsen</dc:creator>
1184
-
1185
- <dc:creator>Lars S. Madsen</dc:creator>
1186
- <dc:creator>Allan Randrup Thomsen</dc:creator>
1187
- <dc:creator>Lon R. Cardon</dc:creator>
1188
- <dc:creator>John I. Bell</dc:creator>
1189
- <dc:creator>Lars Fugger</dc:creator>
1190
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05133</dc:identifier>
1191
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 574
1192
- (2006)
1193
- </dc:source>
1194
- <dc:date>2006-09-27</dc:date>
1195
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1196
-
1197
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-09-27</prism:publicationDate>
1198
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1199
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1200
- <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1201
- <prism:startingPage>574</prism:startingPage>
1202
- <prism:endingPage>577</prism:endingPage>
1203
- </item>
1204
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05181">
1205
- <title>Genomic analysis of increased host immune and cell death responses induced by 1918 influenza virus</title>
1206
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05181</link>
1207
-
1208
- <description>The influenza pandemic of 1918&#8211;19 was responsible for about 50 million deaths worldwide. Modern histopathological analysis of autopsy samples from human influenza cases from 1918 revealed significant damage to the lungs with acute, focal bronchitis and alveolitis associated with massive pulmonary oedema, haemorrhage and rapid destruction of the respiratory epithelium. The contribution of the host immune response leading to this severe pathology remains largely unknown. Here we show, in a comprehensive analysis of the global host response induced by the 1918 influenza virus, that mice infected with the reconstructed 1918 influenza virus displayed an increased and accelerated activation of host immune response genes associated with severe pulmonary pathology. We found that mice infected with a virus containing all eight genes from the pandemic virus showed marked activation of pro-inflammatory and cell-death pathways by 24&#8201;h after infection that remained unabated until death on day 5. This was in contrast with smaller host immune responses as measured at the genomic level, accompanied by less severe disease pathology and delays in death in mice infected with influenza viruses containing only subsets of 1918 genes. The results indicate a cooperative interaction between the 1918 influenza genes and show that study of the virulence of the 1918 influenza virus requires the use of the fully reconstructed virus. With recent concerns about the introduction of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses into humans and their potential to cause a worldwide pandemic with disastrous health and economic consequences, a comprehensive understanding of the global host response to the 1918 virus is crucial. Moreover, understanding the contribution of host immune responses to virulent influenza virus infections is an important starting point for the identification of prognostic indicators and the development of novel antiviral therapies.</description>
1209
- <dc:title>Genomic analysis of increased host immune and cell death responses induced by 1918 influenza virus</dc:title>
1210
- <dc:creator>John C. Kash</dc:creator>
1211
- <dc:creator>Terrence M. Tumpey</dc:creator>
1212
- <dc:creator>Sean C. Proll</dc:creator>
1213
- <dc:creator>Victoria Carter</dc:creator>
1214
- <dc:creator>Olivia Perwitasari</dc:creator>
1215
- <dc:creator>Matthew J. Thomas</dc:creator>
1216
-
1217
- <dc:creator>Christopher F. Basler</dc:creator>
1218
- <dc:creator>Peter Palese</dc:creator>
1219
- <dc:creator>Jeffery K. Taubenberger</dc:creator>
1220
- <dc:creator>Adolfo Garc&#237;a-Sastre</dc:creator>
1221
- <dc:creator>David E. Swayne</dc:creator>
1222
- <dc:creator>Michael G. Katze</dc:creator>
1223
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05181</dc:identifier>
1224
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 578
1225
- (2006)
1226
- </dc:source>
1227
-
1228
- <dc:date>2006-09-27</dc:date>
1229
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1230
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-09-27</prism:publicationDate>
1231
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1232
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1233
- <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1234
- <prism:startingPage>578</prism:startingPage>
1235
- <prism:endingPage>581</prism:endingPage>
1236
- </item>
1237
-
1238
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05149">
1239
- <title>Sodium-dependent uptake of inorganic phosphate by the intracellular malaria parasite</title>
1240
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05149</link>
1241
- <description>As the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, grows within its host erythrocyte it induces an increase in the permeability of the erythrocyte membrane to a range of low-molecular-mass solutes, including Na&#43; and K&#43; (ref. 1). This results in a progressive increase in the concentration of Na&#43; in the erythrocyte cytosol. The parasite cytosol has a relatively low Na&#43; concentration and there is therefore a large inward Na&#43; gradient across the parasite plasma membrane. Here we show that the parasite exploits the Na&#43; electrochemical gradient to energize the uptake of inorganic phosphate (Pi), an essential nutrient. Pi was taken up into the intracellular parasite by a Na&#43;-dependent transporter, with a stoichiometry of 2Na&#43;:1Pi and with an apparent preference for the monovalent over the divalent form of Pi. A Pi transporter (PfPiT) belonging to the PiT family was cloned from the parasite and localized to the parasite surface. Expression of PfPiT in Xenopus oocytes resulted in Na&#43;-dependent Pi uptake with characteristics similar to those observed for Pi uptake in the parasite. This study provides new insight into the significance of the malaria-parasite-induced alteration of the ionic composition of its host cell.</description>
1242
-
1243
- <dc:title>Sodium-dependent uptake of inorganic phosphate by the intracellular malaria parasite</dc:title>
1244
- <dc:creator>Kevin J. Saliba</dc:creator>
1245
- <dc:creator>Rowena E. Martin</dc:creator>
1246
- <dc:creator>Angelika Br&#246;er</dc:creator>
1247
- <dc:creator>Roselani I. Henry</dc:creator>
1248
- <dc:creator>C. Siobhan McCarthy</dc:creator>
1249
- <dc:creator>Megan J. Downie</dc:creator>
1250
- <dc:creator>Richard J. W. Allen</dc:creator>
1251
-
1252
- <dc:creator>Kylie A. Mullin</dc:creator>
1253
- <dc:creator>Geoffrey I. McFadden</dc:creator>
1254
- <dc:creator>Stefan Br&#246;er</dc:creator>
1255
- <dc:creator>Kiaran Kirk</dc:creator>
1256
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05149</dc:identifier>
1257
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 582
1258
- (2006)
1259
- </dc:source>
1260
- <dc:date>2006-09-27</dc:date>
1261
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1262
-
1263
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-09-27</prism:publicationDate>
1264
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1265
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1266
- <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1267
- <prism:startingPage>582</prism:startingPage>
1268
- <prism:endingPage>585</prism:endingPage>
1269
- </item>
1270
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05125">
1271
- <title>Identification of a mammalian mitochondrial porphyrin transporter</title>
1272
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05125</link>
1273
-
1274
- <description>The movement of anionic porphyrins (for example, haem) across intracellular membranes is crucial to many biological processes, but their mitochondrial translocation and coordination with haem biosynthesis is not understood. Transport of porphyrins into isolated mitochondria is energy-dependent, as expected for the movement of anions into a negatively charged environment. ATP-binding cassette transporters actively facilitate the transmembrane movement of substances. We found that the mitochondrial ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCB6 is upregulated (messenger RNA and protein in human and mouse cells) by elevation of cellular porphyrins and postulated that ABCB6 has a function in porphyrin transport. We also predicted that ABCB6 is functionally linked to haem biosynthesis, because its mRNA is found in both human bone marrow and CD71&#43; early erythroid cells (by database searching), and because our results show that ABCB6 is highly expressed in human fetal liver, and Abcb6 in mouse embryonic liver. Here we demonstrate that ABCB6 is uniquely located in the outer mitochondrial membrane and is required for mitochondrial porphyrin uptake. After ABCB6 is upregulated in response to increased intracellular porphyrin, mitochondrial porphyrin uptake activates de novo porphyrin biosynthesis. This process is blocked when the Abcb6 gene is silenced. Our results challenge previous assumptions about the intracellular movement of porphyrins and the factors controlling haem biosynthesis.</description>
1275
- <dc:title>Identification of a mammalian mitochondrial porphyrin transporter</dc:title>
1276
- <dc:creator>Partha C. Krishnamurthy</dc:creator>
1277
- <dc:creator>Guoqing Du</dc:creator>
1278
- <dc:creator>Yu Fukuda</dc:creator>
1279
- <dc:creator>Daxi Sun</dc:creator>
1280
- <dc:creator>Janardhan Sampath</dc:creator>
1281
- <dc:creator>Kelly E. Mercer</dc:creator>
1282
-
1283
- <dc:creator>Junfeng Wang</dc:creator>
1284
- <dc:creator>Beatriz Sosa-Pineda</dc:creator>
1285
- <dc:creator>K. Gopal Murti</dc:creator>
1286
- <dc:creator>John D. Schuetz</dc:creator>
1287
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05125</dc:identifier>
1288
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 586
1289
- (2006)
1290
- </dc:source>
1291
- <dc:date>2006-09-27</dc:date>
1292
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1293
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-09-27</prism:publicationDate>
1294
-
1295
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1296
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1297
- <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1298
- <prism:startingPage>586</prism:startingPage>
1299
- <prism:endingPage>589</prism:endingPage>
1300
- </item>
1301
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05175">
1302
- <title>Molecular architecture and assembly of the DDB1&#8211;CUL4A ubiquitin ligase machinery</title>
1303
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05175</link>
1304
-
1305
- <description>Protein ubiquitination is a common form of post-translational modification that regulates a broad spectrum of protein substrates in diverse cellular pathways. Through a three-enzyme (E1&#8211;E2&#8211;E3) cascade, the attachment of ubiquitin to proteins is catalysed by the E3 ubiquitin ligase, which is best represented by the superfamily of the cullin-RING complexes. Conserved from yeast to human, the DDB1&#8211;CUL4&#8211;ROC1 complex is a recently identified cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase, which regulates DNA repair, DNA replication and transcription, and can also be subverted by pathogenic viruses to benefit viral infection. Lacking a canonical SKP1-like cullin adaptor and a defined substrate recruitment module, how the DDB1&#8211;CUL4&#8211;ROC1 E3 apparatus is assembled for ubiquitinating various substrates remains unclear. Here we present crystallographic analyses of the virally hijacked form of the human DDB1&#8211;CUL4A&#8211;ROC1 machinery, which show that DDB1 uses one &#946;-propeller domain for cullin scaffold binding and a variably attached separate double-&#946;-propeller fold for substrate presentation. Through tandem-affinity purification of human DDB1 and CUL4A complexes followed by mass spectrometry analysis, we then identify a novel family of WD40-repeat proteins, which directly bind to the double-propeller fold of DDB1 and serve as the substrate-recruiting module of the E3. Together, our structural and proteomic results reveal the structural mechanisms and molecular logic underlying the assembly and versatility of a new family of cullin-RING E3 complexes.</description>
1306
- <dc:title>Molecular architecture and assembly of the DDB1&#8211;CUL4A ubiquitin ligase machinery</dc:title>
1307
- <dc:creator>Stephane Angers</dc:creator>
1308
-
1309
- <dc:creator>Ti Li</dc:creator>
1310
- <dc:creator>Xianhua Yi</dc:creator>
1311
- <dc:creator>Michael J. MacCoss</dc:creator>
1312
- <dc:creator>Randall T. Moon</dc:creator>
1313
- <dc:creator>Ning Zheng</dc:creator>
1314
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05175</dc:identifier>
1315
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 590
1316
- (2006)
1317
- </dc:source>
1318
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1319
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1320
-
1321
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1322
- <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1323
- <prism:startingPage>590</prism:startingPage>
1324
- <prism:endingPage>593</prism:endingPage>
1325
- </item>
1326
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05186">
1327
- <title>Co-evolution of transcriptional and post-translational cell-cycle regulation</title>
1328
- <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05186</link>
1329
- <description>DNA microarray studies have shown that hundreds of genes are transcribed periodically during the mitotic cell cycle of humans, budding yeast, fission yeast and the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Here we show that despite the fact the protein complexes involved in this process are largely the same among all eukaryotes, their regulation has evolved considerably. Our comparative analysis of several large-scale data sets reveals that although the regulated subunits of each protein complex are expressed just before its time of action, the identity of the periodically expressed proteins differs significantly between organisms. Moreover, we show that these changes in transcriptional regulation have co-evolved with post-translational control independently in several lineages; loss or gain of cell-cycle-regulated transcription of specific genes is often mirrored by changes in phosphorylation of the proteins that they encode. Our results indicate that many different solutions have evolved for assembling the same molecular machines at the right time during the cell cycle, involving both transcriptional and post-translational layers that jointly control the dynamics of biological systems.</description>
1330
- <dc:title>Co-evolution of transcriptional and post-translational cell-cycle regulation</dc:title>
1331
-
1332
- <dc:creator>Lars Juhl Jensen</dc:creator>
1333
- <dc:creator>Thomas Sk&#248;t Jensen</dc:creator>
1334
- <dc:creator>Ulrik de Lichtenberg</dc:creator>
1335
- <dc:creator>S&#248;ren Brunak</dc:creator>
1336
- <dc:creator>Peer Bork</dc:creator>
1337
- <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05186</dc:identifier>
1338
- <dc:source>Nature 443, 594
1339
- (2006)
1340
- </dc:source>
1341
- <dc:date>2006-09-27</dc:date>
1342
-
1343
- <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1344
- <prism:publicationDate>2006-09-27</prism:publicationDate>
1345
- <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1346
- <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1347
- <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1348
- <prism:startingPage>594</prism:startingPage>
1349
- <prism:endingPage>597</prism:endingPage>
1350
- </item>
1351
- <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05153">
1352
- <title>Microstimulation of inferotemporal cortex influences face categorization</title>
1353
-
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+ <prism:startingPage>482</prism:startingPage>
208
+ <prism:endingPage>482</prism:endingPage>
209
+
210
+ </item>
211
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443484a">
212
+ <title>Research highlights</title>
213
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443484a</link>
214
+ <description>Cancer Biology: A short-lived recoveryJ. Clin. Invest.116, 2610&#8211;2621 (2006)Some promising cancer therapies work by starving tumours of their blood supply, but what happens after treatment stops?Donald McDonald of the University of California, San Francisco, and his colleagues treated tumours in </description>
215
+ <dc:title>Research highlights</dc:title>
216
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443484a</dc:identifier>
217
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 484
218
+ (2006)
219
+ </dc:source>
220
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
221
+
222
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
223
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
224
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
225
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
226
+ <prism:section>Research Highlights</prism:section>
227
+ <prism:startingPage>484</prism:startingPage>
228
+ <prism:endingPage>485</prism:endingPage>
229
+ </item>
230
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443486a">
231
+ <title>Climate in court</title>
232
+
233
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443486a</link>
234
+ <description>A forthcoming case in the Supreme Court could push the United States towards regulating against global warming, says Emma Marris.</description>
235
+ <dc:title>Climate in court</dc:title>
236
+ <dc:creator>Emma Marris</dc:creator>
237
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443486a</dc:identifier>
238
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 486
239
+ (2006)
240
+ </dc:source>
241
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
242
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
243
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
244
+
245
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
246
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
247
+ <prism:section>News</prism:section>
248
+ <prism:startingPage>486</prism:startingPage>
249
+ <prism:endingPage>487</prism:endingPage>
250
+ </item>
251
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443488b">
252
+ <title>Sidelines</title>
253
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443488b</link>
254
+ <description>On the Record&#8220;That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.&#8221;Computer analysis shows that Neil Armstrong, the first man on the Moon, didn't fluff his lines after all.&#8220;If you had told me I would have death threats in </description>
255
+
256
+ <dc:title>Sidelines</dc:title>
257
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443488b</dc:identifier>
258
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 488
259
+ (2006)
260
+ </dc:source>
261
+ <dc:date>2006-10-05</dc:date>
262
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
263
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-05</prism:publicationDate>
264
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
265
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
266
+ <prism:section>News</prism:section>
267
+
268
+ <prism:startingPage>488</prism:startingPage>
269
+ <prism:endingPage>488</prism:endingPage>
270
+ </item>
271
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443488a">
272
+ <title>Youthful duo snags a swift Nobel for RNA control of genes</title>
273
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443488a</link>
274
+ <description>Award comes just eight years after publication.</description>
275
+ <dc:title>Youthful duo snags a swift Nobel for RNA control of genes</dc:title>
276
+ <dc:creator>Alison Abbott</dc:creator>
277
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443488a</dc:identifier>
278
+
279
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 488
280
+ (2006)
281
+ </dc:source>
282
+ <dc:date>2006-10-05</dc:date>
283
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
284
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-05</prism:publicationDate>
285
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
286
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
287
+ <prism:section>News</prism:section>
288
+ <prism:startingPage>488</prism:startingPage>
289
+ <prism:endingPage>488</prism:endingPage>
290
+
291
+ </item>
292
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443489a">
293
+ <title>Cosmic ripples net physics prize</title>
294
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443489a</link>
295
+ <description>Vision of early Universe makes its mark.</description>
296
+ <dc:title>Cosmic ripples net physics prize</dc:title>
297
+ <dc:creator>Katharine Sanderson</dc:creator>
298
+ <dc:creator>Jenny Hogan</dc:creator>
299
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443489a</dc:identifier>
300
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 489
301
+ (2006)
302
+
303
+ </dc:source>
304
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
305
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
306
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
307
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
308
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
309
+ <prism:section>News</prism:section>
310
+ <prism:startingPage>489</prism:startingPage>
311
+ <prism:endingPage>489</prism:endingPage>
312
+
313
+ </item>
314
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443491a">
315
+ <title>Theorists snap over string pieces</title>
316
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443491a</link>
317
+ <description>Books spark war of words in physics.</description>
318
+ <dc:title>Theorists snap over string pieces</dc:title>
319
+ <dc:creator>Geoff Brumfiel</dc:creator>
320
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443491a</dc:identifier>
321
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 491
322
+ (2006)
323
+ </dc:source>
324
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
325
+
326
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
327
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
328
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
329
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
330
+ <prism:section>News</prism:section>
331
+ <prism:startingPage>491</prism:startingPage>
332
+ <prism:endingPage>491</prism:endingPage>
333
+ </item>
334
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443492a">
335
+ <title>Q&amp;A: Fabio Mussi</title>
336
+
337
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443492a</link>
338
+ <description>Italian research minister speaks his mind.</description>
339
+ <dc:title>Q&amp;A: Fabio Mussi</dc:title>
340
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443492a</dc:identifier>
341
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 492
342
+ (2006)
343
+ </dc:source>
344
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
345
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
346
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
347
+
348
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
349
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
350
+ <prism:section>News</prism:section>
351
+ <prism:startingPage>492</prism:startingPage>
352
+ <prism:endingPage>492</prism:endingPage>
353
+ </item>
354
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443492b">
355
+ <title>Cloners break away from the herd</title>
356
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443492b</link>
357
+ <description>Differentiated cells may hold more promise than adult stem cells.</description>
358
+
359
+ <dc:title>Cloners break away from the herd</dc:title>
360
+ <dc:creator>Helen Pearson</dc:creator>
361
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443492b</dc:identifier>
362
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 492
363
+ (2006)
364
+ </dc:source>
365
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
366
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
367
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
368
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
369
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
370
+
371
+ <prism:section>News</prism:section>
372
+ <prism:startingPage>492</prism:startingPage>
373
+ <prism:endingPage>492</prism:endingPage>
374
+ </item>
375
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443493a">
376
+ <title>Wikipedia rival calls in the experts</title>
377
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443493a</link>
378
+ <description>Encyclopaedia aims to recognize status of academic editors.</description>
379
+ <dc:title>Wikipedia rival calls in the experts</dc:title>
380
+ <dc:creator>Jim Giles</dc:creator>
381
+
382
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443493a</dc:identifier>
383
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 493
384
+ (2006)
385
+ </dc:source>
386
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
387
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
388
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
389
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
390
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
391
+ <prism:section>News</prism:section>
392
+ <prism:startingPage>493</prism:startingPage>
393
+
394
+ <prism:endingPage>493</prism:endingPage>
395
+ </item>
396
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443494a">
397
+ <title>News in brief</title>
398
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443494a</link>
399
+ <description>Scientists push for stronger voice in CongressHoping to influence the outcome of the 7 November US midterms, a group of scientists is trying to sway local elections over science issues.The group, Scientists and Engineers for America, is advancing a 'scientific bill of rights', </description>
400
+ <dc:title>News in brief</dc:title>
401
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443494a</dc:identifier>
402
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 494
403
+ (2006)
404
+ </dc:source>
405
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
406
+
407
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
408
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
409
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
410
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
411
+ <prism:section>News in Brief</prism:section>
412
+ <prism:startingPage>494</prism:startingPage>
413
+ <prism:endingPage>494</prism:endingPage>
414
+ </item>
415
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443496a">
416
+ <title>Copycats gear up to dog biotech brands</title>
417
+
418
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443496a</link>
419
+ <description>Pressure is mounting on US regulators to create an approval track for generic versions of biotechnology drugs. Meredith Wadman reports.</description>
420
+ <dc:title>Copycats gear up to dog biotech brands</dc:title>
421
+ <dc:creator>Meredith Wadman</dc:creator>
422
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443496a</dc:identifier>
423
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 496
424
+ (2006)
425
+ </dc:source>
426
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
427
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
428
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
429
+
430
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
431
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
432
+ <prism:section>Business</prism:section>
433
+ <prism:startingPage>496</prism:startingPage>
434
+ <prism:endingPage>497</prism:endingPage>
435
+ </item>
436
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443497a">
437
+ <title>In brief</title>
438
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443497a</link>
439
+ <description>Suitor identifiedSerono is to be bought by Merck in a deal that values the Swiss biotechnology company at 16.1 billion Swiss francs (US&#36;12.9 billion). The largest biotech company in Europe, whose best-selling product is a drug for multiple sclerosis, Serono has been scouting for </description>
440
+
441
+ <dc:title>In brief</dc:title>
442
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443497a</dc:identifier>
443
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 497
444
+ (2006)
445
+ </dc:source>
446
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
447
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
448
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
449
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
450
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
451
+ <prism:section>Business</prism:section>
452
+
453
+ <prism:startingPage>497</prism:startingPage>
454
+ <prism:endingPage>497</prism:endingPage>
455
+ </item>
456
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443497b">
457
+ <title>Market watch</title>
458
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443497b</link>
459
+ <description>After steadying in the summer, prices for European Union allowances for emissions of carbon dioxide have dipped precipitously in the past two weeks, to less than [euro]12 (US&#36;15) for a tonne of emissions.According to carbon-market analysts, the drop reflects recent falls in oil and </description>
460
+ <dc:title>Market watch</dc:title>
461
+ <dc:creator>Quirin Schiermeier</dc:creator>
462
+
463
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443497b</dc:identifier>
464
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 497
465
+ (2006)
466
+ </dc:source>
467
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
468
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
469
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
470
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
471
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
472
+ <prism:section>Business</prism:section>
473
+ <prism:startingPage>497</prism:startingPage>
474
+
475
+ <prism:endingPage>497</prism:endingPage>
476
+ </item>
477
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443498a">
478
+ <title>Environmental activism: In the name of nature</title>
479
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443498a</link>
480
+ <description>What drives environmental activists to fire-bomb laboratories? Emma Marris investigates a radical fringe of the US green movement.</description>
481
+ <dc:title>Environmental activism: In the name of nature</dc:title>
482
+ <dc:creator>Emma Marris</dc:creator>
483
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443498a</dc:identifier>
484
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 498
485
+ (2006)
486
+
487
+ </dc:source>
488
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
489
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
490
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
491
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
492
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
493
+ <prism:section>News Feature</prism:section>
494
+ <prism:startingPage>498</prism:startingPage>
495
+ <prism:endingPage>501</prism:endingPage>
496
+
497
+ </item>
498
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443502a">
499
+ <title>Driven to market</title>
500
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443502a</link>
501
+ <description>We're selfish and rational &#8212; that's what classical economics says. But play parlour games with brain scanners and you'll find we're pulled in different directions when it comes to money. Jonah Lehrer reports.</description>
502
+ <dc:title>Driven to market</dc:title>
503
+ <dc:creator>Jonah Lehrer</dc:creator>
504
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443502a</dc:identifier>
505
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 502
506
+ (2006)
507
+
508
+ </dc:source>
509
+ <dc:date>2006-10-05</dc:date>
510
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
511
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-05</prism:publicationDate>
512
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
513
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
514
+ <prism:section>News Feature</prism:section>
515
+ <prism:startingPage>502</prism:startingPage>
516
+ <prism:endingPage>504</prism:endingPage>
517
+
518
+ </item>
519
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443505a">
520
+ <title>A novel reality</title>
521
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443505a</link>
522
+ <description>Can an advertising executive write an accurate thriller about science? Britta Danger talks to a German author who thinks he has pulled it off.</description>
523
+ <dc:title>A novel reality</dc:title>
524
+ <dc:creator>Britta Danger</dc:creator>
525
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443505a</dc:identifier>
526
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 505
527
+ (2006)
528
+ </dc:source>
529
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
530
+
531
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
532
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
533
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
534
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
535
+ <prism:section>News Feature</prism:section>
536
+ <prism:startingPage>505</prism:startingPage>
537
+ <prism:endingPage>505</prism:endingPage>
538
+ </item>
539
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506a">
540
+ <title>Speaking different languages on biodiversity</title>
541
+
542
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506a</link>
543
+ <description>SirInterdisciplinary conferences such as BioEcon (Biodiversity and Economics for Conservation), whose eighth meeting &#8220;Economic Analysis of Ecology and Biodiversity&#8221; has just finished, provide much-needed forums to cultivate the scientific collaborations on which mutual understanding depends. Economic context, in particular, is essential for understanding and </description>
544
+ <dc:title>Speaking different languages on biodiversity</dc:title>
545
+ <dc:creator>R. M. Ewers</dc:creator>
546
+ <dc:creator>A. S. L. Rodrigues</dc:creator>
547
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443506a</dc:identifier>
548
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 506
549
+ (2006)
550
+ </dc:source>
551
+
552
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
553
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
554
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
555
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
556
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
557
+ <prism:section>Correspondence</prism:section>
558
+ <prism:startingPage>506</prism:startingPage>
559
+ <prism:endingPage>506</prism:endingPage>
560
+ </item>
561
+
562
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506b">
563
+ <title>Bench-to-bedside solution to funding problems</title>
564
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506b</link>
565
+ <description>SirRecent budget allocations by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) have aroused serious concern among researchers (see, for example, A. R. Marks J. Clin. Invest.116, 844; 2006). The problem seems to stem from the division between those who are funded by </description>
566
+ <dc:title>Bench-to-bedside solution to funding problems</dc:title>
567
+ <dc:creator>Samuel F. Bakhoum</dc:creator>
568
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443506b</dc:identifier>
569
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 506
570
+ (2006)
571
+ </dc:source>
572
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
573
+
574
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
575
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
576
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
577
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
578
+ <prism:section>Correspondence</prism:section>
579
+ <prism:startingPage>506</prism:startingPage>
580
+ <prism:endingPage>506</prism:endingPage>
581
+ </item>
582
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506c">
583
+ <title>Learning from painful experience of disaster</title>
584
+
585
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506c</link>
586
+ <description>SirYour Editorial about preparing for natural disasters (&#8220;State of readiness&#8221; Nature 442,847&#8211;488; 2006 provides some good advice. As someone whose lab was out of commission for two years after the Northridge earthquake of 1994, I would like to suggest some more precautions, and </description>
587
+ <dc:title>Learning from painful experience of disaster</dc:title>
588
+ <dc:creator>Steven B. Oppenheimer</dc:creator>
589
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443506c</dc:identifier>
590
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 506
591
+ (2006)
592
+ </dc:source>
593
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
594
+
595
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
596
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
597
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
598
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
599
+ <prism:section>Correspondence</prism:section>
600
+ <prism:startingPage>506</prism:startingPage>
601
+ <prism:endingPage>506</prism:endingPage>
602
+ </item>
603
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506d">
604
+ <title>Hoyle's observations were right on the ball</title>
605
+
606
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443506d</link>
607
+ <description>SirIn his In Retrospect article &#8220;Out of the darkness&#8221; (Nature442, 986; 2006), Jay M. Pasachoff notes the impact of Fred Hoyle's novel The Black Cloud (first published in 1957) and its contemporary relevance. We would like to add </description>
608
+ <dc:title>Hoyle's observations were right on the ball</dc:title>
609
+ <dc:creator>Simon K Rushton</dc:creator>
610
+ <dc:creator>Rob Gray</dc:creator>
611
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443506d</dc:identifier>
612
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 506
613
+ (2006)
614
+ </dc:source>
615
+
616
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
617
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
618
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
619
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
620
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
621
+ <prism:section>Correspondence</prism:section>
622
+ <prism:startingPage>506</prism:startingPage>
623
+ <prism:endingPage>506</prism:endingPage>
624
+ </item>
625
+
626
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443507a">
627
+ <title>Unburdened by proof</title>
628
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443507a</link>
629
+ <description>String theorists are setting a worrying trend by downplaying the need for experimental evidence.</description>
630
+ <dc:title>Unburdened by proof</dc:title>
631
+ <dc:creator>George Ellis</dc:creator>
632
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443507a</dc:identifier>
633
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 507
634
+ (2006)
635
+ </dc:source>
636
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
637
+
638
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
639
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
640
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
641
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
642
+ <prism:section>Books and Arts</prism:section>
643
+ <prism:startingPage>507</prism:startingPage>
644
+ <prism:endingPage>508</prism:endingPage>
645
+ </item>
646
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443508a">
647
+ <title>Developing diversity</title>
648
+
649
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443508a</link>
650
+ <description>All living organisms deploy similar evolutionarily conserved mechanisms to generate energy, replicate their genomes, use genetic information and synthesize basic building-blocks for their cells. Yet the myriad shapes and forms of both plants and animals are overwhelming in their variety and extremes. What is even </description>
651
+ <dc:title>Developing diversity</dc:title>
652
+ <dc:creator>Michael Karin</dc:creator>
653
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443508a</dc:identifier>
654
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 508
655
+ (2006)
656
+ </dc:source>
657
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
658
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
659
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
660
+
661
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
662
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
663
+ <prism:section>Books and Arts</prism:section>
664
+ <prism:startingPage>508</prism:startingPage>
665
+ <prism:endingPage>509</prism:endingPage>
666
+ </item>
667
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443509a">
668
+ <title>Putting DNA on the map</title>
669
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443509a</link>
670
+ <description>In the 1950s, Seymour Benzer set out on a daunting research programme aimed at resolving the fine structure of the gene. Using bacteriophages and various strains of bacteria, his genetic-mapping enterprise ultimately united genetics and structural chemistry. How did Benzer conceive and achieve this goal? </description>
671
+
672
+ <dc:title>Putting DNA on the map</dc:title>
673
+ <dc:creator>Denis Thieffry</dc:creator>
674
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443509a</dc:identifier>
675
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 509
676
+ (2006)
677
+ </dc:source>
678
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
679
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
680
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
681
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
682
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
683
+
684
+ <prism:section>Books and Arts</prism:section>
685
+ <prism:startingPage>509</prism:startingPage>
686
+ <prism:endingPage>509</prism:endingPage>
687
+ </item>
688
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443510a">
689
+ <title>Science in Culture</title>
690
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443510a</link>
691
+ <description>A series of exhibitions across Europe show how Leonardo da Vinci linked art and science.</description>
692
+ <dc:title>Science in Culture</dc:title>
693
+ <dc:creator>Stefano Grillo</dc:creator>
694
+
695
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443510a</dc:identifier>
696
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 510
697
+ (2006)
698
+ </dc:source>
699
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
700
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
701
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
702
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
703
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
704
+ <prism:section>Books and Arts</prism:section>
705
+ <prism:startingPage>510</prism:startingPage>
706
+
707
+ <prism:endingPage>510</prism:endingPage>
708
+ </item>
709
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443511a">
710
+ <title>Microbiology: Death of a chaperone</title>
711
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443511a</link>
712
+ <description>To help their growth and spread, bacteria rely on virulence factors, many of which are toxic. One such factor is highly potent, as it attacks a key protein that 'chaperones' other proteins through their synthesis.</description>
713
+ <dc:title>Microbiology: Death of a chaperone</dc:title>
714
+ <dc:creator>Cesare Montecucco</dc:creator>
715
+ <dc:creator>Maurizio Molinari</dc:creator>
716
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443511a</dc:identifier>
717
+
718
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 511
719
+ (2006)
720
+ </dc:source>
721
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
722
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
723
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
724
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
725
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
726
+ <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
727
+ <prism:startingPage>511</prism:startingPage>
728
+ <prism:endingPage>512</prism:endingPage>
729
+
730
+ </item>
731
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443512a">
732
+ <title>Atomic physics: Quantum leap from light to atoms</title>
733
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443512a</link>
734
+ <description>Quantum-information networks use matter for long-term storage and light for long-distance transmission. Teleporting a quantum state from light onto matter has now been achieved.</description>
735
+ <dc:title>Atomic physics: Quantum leap from light to atoms</dc:title>
736
+ <dc:creator>Mikhail Lukin</dc:creator>
737
+ <dc:creator>Matthew Eisaman</dc:creator>
738
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443512a</dc:identifier>
739
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 512
740
+ (2006)
741
+
742
+ </dc:source>
743
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
744
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
745
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
746
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
747
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
748
+ <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
749
+ <prism:startingPage>512</prism:startingPage>
750
+ <prism:endingPage>513</prism:endingPage>
751
+
752
+ </item>
753
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443513a">
754
+ <title>Cell cycle: Complex evolution</title>
755
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443513a</link>
756
+ <description>Cell division is fundamental to life, and so might be expected to have changed little during evolution. Data from four species show that the genes involved can vary, but the regulation of complexes is a common theme.</description>
757
+ <dc:title>Cell cycle: Complex evolution</dc:title>
758
+ <dc:creator>Gavin Sherlock</dc:creator>
759
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443513a</dc:identifier>
760
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 513
761
+ (2006)
762
+ </dc:source>
763
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
764
+
765
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
766
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
767
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
768
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
769
+ <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
770
+ <prism:startingPage>513</prism:startingPage>
771
+ <prism:endingPage>515</prism:endingPage>
772
+ </item>
773
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443513b">
774
+ <title>50 &amp; 100 years ago</title>
775
+
776
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443513b</link>
777
+ <description>50 years ago&#8220;Marking of tsetse flies for their detection at night&#8221; &#8212; Most testse field-work so far has been based on day-time observations of active flies. If work is to be done on resting flies, it will be advantageous to have an easy method </description>
778
+ <dc:title>50 &amp; 100 years ago</dc:title>
779
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443513b</dc:identifier>
780
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 513
781
+ (2006)
782
+ </dc:source>
783
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
784
+
785
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
786
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
787
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
788
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
789
+ <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
790
+ <prism:startingPage>513</prism:startingPage>
791
+ <prism:endingPage>513</prism:endingPage>
792
+ </item>
793
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443516a">
794
+ <title>Earth Science: Lost lithium found</title>
795
+
796
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443516a</link>
797
+ <description>Lithium isotopes provide a fingerprint of recycled material in Earth's upper mantle. But this fingerprint is different from what had been expected. So do we need to reassess our ideas about how the upper mantle evolves?</description>
798
+ <dc:title>Earth Science: Lost lithium found</dc:title>
799
+ <dc:creator>Elisabeth Widom</dc:creator>
800
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443516a</dc:identifier>
801
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 516
802
+ (2006)
803
+ </dc:source>
804
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
805
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
806
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
807
+
808
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
809
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
810
+ <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
811
+ <prism:startingPage>516</prism:startingPage>
812
+ <prism:endingPage>517</prism:endingPage>
813
+ </item>
814
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443517a">
815
+ <title>Nanotechnology: Downsizing SQUIDs</title>
816
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443517a</link>
817
+ <description>They sound fishy, but SQUIDs &#8212; superconducting quantum interference devices &#8212; are ultra-sensitive gadgets used for measuring the strength of magnetic fields. These 'magnetometers' have widespread applications ranging from materials science to medicine. Writing in Nature Nanotechnology, Cleuziou, Wernsdorfer and colleagues describe a minuscule </description>
818
+
819
+ <dc:title>Nanotechnology: Downsizing SQUIDs</dc:title>
820
+ <dc:creator>Jessica Thomas</dc:creator>
821
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443517a</dc:identifier>
822
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 517
823
+ (2006)
824
+ </dc:source>
825
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
826
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
827
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
828
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
829
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
830
+
831
+ <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
832
+ <prism:startingPage>517</prism:startingPage>
833
+ <prism:endingPage>517</prism:endingPage>
834
+ </item>
835
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443517b">
836
+ <title>Microbiology: Resurrecting a broken genome</title>
837
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443517b</link>
838
+ <description>A remarkable bacterium can survive extraordinary doses of ionizing radiation that shatter its genome into thousands of pieces. How does it accurately reassemble these DNA fragments into an intact genome?</description>
839
+ <dc:title>Microbiology: Resurrecting a broken genome</dc:title>
840
+ <dc:creator>Susan T. Lovett</dc:creator>
841
+
842
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443517b</dc:identifier>
843
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 517
844
+ (2006)
845
+ </dc:source>
846
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
847
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
848
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
849
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
850
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
851
+ <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
852
+ <prism:startingPage>517</prism:startingPage>
853
+
854
+ <prism:endingPage>519</prism:endingPage>
855
+ </item>
856
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443519a">
857
+ <title>Correction</title>
858
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443519a</link>
859
+ <description>In the News and Views article &#8220;Hydrogen at the flick of a switch&#8221; by Masanori Takimoto and Zhaomin Hou (Nature443, 400&#8211;401; 2006), the e-mail address for Zhaomin Hou was incorrect. The correct address is houz@riken.jp</description>
860
+ <dc:title>Correction</dc:title>
861
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443519a</dc:identifier>
862
+
863
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 519
864
+ (2006)
865
+ </dc:source>
866
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
867
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
868
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
869
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
870
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
871
+ <prism:section>News and Views</prism:section>
872
+ <prism:startingPage>519</prism:startingPage>
873
+ <prism:endingPage>519</prism:endingPage>
874
+
875
+ </item>
876
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443521a">
877
+ <title>Genetics: Junk DNA as an evolutionary force</title>
878
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443521a</link>
879
+ <description>Transposable elements were long dismissed as useless, but they are emerging as major players in evolution. Their interactions with the genome and the environment affect how genes are translated into physical traits.</description>
880
+ <dc:title>Genetics: Junk DNA as an evolutionary force</dc:title>
881
+ <dc:creator>Christian Bi&#233;mont</dc:creator>
882
+ <dc:creator>Cristina Vieira</dc:creator>
883
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443521a</dc:identifier>
884
+
885
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 521
886
+ (2006)
887
+ </dc:source>
888
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
889
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
890
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
891
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
892
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
893
+ <prism:section>News and Views Feature</prism:section>
894
+ <prism:startingPage>521</prism:startingPage>
895
+ <prism:endingPage>524</prism:endingPage>
896
+
897
+ </item>
898
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443525a">
899
+ <title>Biomechanics: Robotic whiskers used to sense features</title>
900
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443525a</link>
901
+ <description>Whiskers mimicking those of seals or rats might be useful for underwater tracking or tactile exploration.Several species of terrestrial and marine mammals with whiskers (vibrissae) use them to sense and navigate in their environment &#8212; for example, rats use their whiskers to discern the features of objects, and seals rely on theirs to track the hydrodynamic trails of their prey. Here we show that the bending moment &#8212; sometimes referred to as torque &#8212; at the whisker base can be used to generate three-dimensional spatial representations of the environment, and we use this principle to construct robotic whisker arrays that extract precise information about object shape and fluid flow. Our results will contribute to the development of versatile tactile-sensing systems for robotic applications, and demonstrate the value of hardware models in understanding how sensing mechanisms and movement control strategies are interlocked.</description>
902
+ <dc:title>Biomechanics: Robotic whiskers used to sense features</dc:title>
903
+ <dc:creator>Joseph H. Solomon</dc:creator>
904
+
905
+ <dc:creator>Mitra J. Hartmann</dc:creator>
906
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443525a</dc:identifier>
907
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 525
908
+ (2006)
909
+ </dc:source>
910
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
911
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
912
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
913
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
914
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
915
+ <prism:section>Brief Communications</prism:section>
916
+
917
+ <prism:startingPage>525</prism:startingPage>
918
+ <prism:endingPage>525</prism:endingPage>
919
+ </item>
920
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05288">
921
+ <title>Gluconeogenesis: Re-evaluating the FOXO1&#8211;PGC-1&#945; connection</title>
922
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05288</link>
923
+ <description>Arising from: P. Puigserver et al. Nature423, 550&#8211;555 (2003).Increased expression of the gene encoding the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) contributes to the increased production of glucose by the liver that occurs in individuals with diabetes. Puigserver et al. show that the transcription factor FOXO1 and the transcriptional co-activator PGC-1&#945; act synergistically to stimulate the expression of genes in the gluconeogenesis pathway and propose that PGC-1&#945; acts, in part, directly through FOXO1. Here we show that FOXO1 is neither required nor sufficient for the stimulation of G6Pase&#8211;luciferase fusion gene expression by PGC-1&#945;. Our results indicate that the transcriptional interaction between FOXO1 and PGC-1&#945; is indirect.</description>
924
+
925
+ <dc:title>Gluconeogenesis: Re-evaluating the FOXO1&#8211;PGC-1&#945; connection</dc:title>
926
+ <dc:creator>Marcia M. Schilling</dc:creator>
927
+ <dc:creator>James K. Oeser</dc:creator>
928
+ <dc:creator>Jared N. Boustead</dc:creator>
929
+ <dc:creator>Brian P. Flemming</dc:creator>
930
+ <dc:creator>Richard M. O'Brien</dc:creator>
931
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05288</dc:identifier>
932
+
933
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, E10
934
+ (2006)
935
+ </dc:source>
936
+ <dc:date>2006-10-04</dc:date>
937
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
938
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-04</prism:publicationDate>
939
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
940
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
941
+ <prism:section>Brief Communications</prism:section>
942
+ <prism:startingPage>E10</prism:startingPage>
943
+ <prism:endingPage>E11</prism:endingPage>
944
+
945
+ </item>
946
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05127">
947
+ <title>From in vivo to in silico biology and back</title>
948
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05127</link>
949
+ <description>The massive acquisition of data in molecular and cellular biology has led to the renaissance of an old topic: simulations of biological systems. Simulations, increasingly paired with experiments, are being successfully and routinely used by computational biologists to understand and predict the quantitative behaviour of </description>
950
+ <dc:title>From in vivo to in silico biology and back</dc:title>
951
+ <dc:creator>Barbara Di Ventura</dc:creator>
952
+ <dc:creator>Caroline Lemerle</dc:creator>
953
+ <dc:creator>Konstantinos Michalodimitrakis</dc:creator>
954
+ <dc:creator>Luis Serrano</dc:creator>
955
+
956
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05127</dc:identifier>
957
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 527
958
+ (2006)
959
+ </dc:source>
960
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
961
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
962
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
963
+ <prism:section>Review</prism:section>
964
+ <prism:startingPage>527</prism:startingPage>
965
+ <prism:endingPage>533</prism:endingPage>
966
+ </item>
967
+
968
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05158">
969
+ <title>Transiting extrasolar planetary candidates in the Galactic bulge</title>
970
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05158</link>
971
+ <description>More than 200 extrasolar planets have been discovered around relatively nearby stars, primarily through the Doppler line shifts owing to reflex motions of their host stars, and more recently through transits of some planets across the faces of the host stars. The detection of planets </description>
972
+ <dc:title>Transiting extrasolar planetary candidates in the Galactic bulge</dc:title>
973
+ <dc:creator>Kailash C. Sahu</dc:creator>
974
+ <dc:creator>Stefano Casertano</dc:creator>
975
+ <dc:creator>Howard E. Bond</dc:creator>
976
+ <dc:creator>Jeff Valenti</dc:creator>
977
+
978
+ <dc:creator>T. Ed Smith</dc:creator>
979
+ <dc:creator>Dante Minniti</dc:creator>
980
+ <dc:creator>Manuela Zoccali</dc:creator>
981
+ <dc:creator>Mario Livio</dc:creator>
982
+ <dc:creator>Nino Panagia</dc:creator>
983
+ <dc:creator>Nikolai Piskunov</dc:creator>
984
+ <dc:creator>Thomas M. Brown</dc:creator>
985
+ <dc:creator>Timothy Brown</dc:creator>
986
+ <dc:creator>Alvio Renzini</dc:creator>
987
+
988
+ <dc:creator>R. Michael Rich</dc:creator>
989
+ <dc:creator>Will Clarkson</dc:creator>
990
+ <dc:creator>Stephen Lubow</dc:creator>
991
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05158</dc:identifier>
992
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 534
993
+ (2006)
994
+ </dc:source>
995
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
996
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
997
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
998
+ <prism:section>Article</prism:section>
999
+
1000
+ <prism:startingPage>534</prism:startingPage>
1001
+ <prism:endingPage>540</prism:endingPage>
1002
+ </item>
1003
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05178">
1004
+ <title>Genome-wide genetic analysis of polyploidy in yeast</title>
1005
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05178</link>
1006
+ <description>Polyploidy, increased sets of chromosomes, occurs during development, cellular stress, disease and evolution. Despite its prevalence, little is known about the physiological alterations that accompany polyploidy. We previously described &#8216;ploidy-specific lethality&#8217;, where a gene deletion that is not lethal in haploid or diploid budding yeast </description>
1007
+ <dc:title>Genome-wide genetic analysis of polyploidy in yeast</dc:title>
1008
+ <dc:creator>Zuzana Storchov&#225;</dc:creator>
1009
+
1010
+ <dc:creator>Amanda Breneman</dc:creator>
1011
+ <dc:creator>Jessica Cande</dc:creator>
1012
+ <dc:creator>Joshua Dunn</dc:creator>
1013
+ <dc:creator>Kendra Burbank</dc:creator>
1014
+ <dc:creator>Eileen O'Toole</dc:creator>
1015
+ <dc:creator>David Pellman</dc:creator>
1016
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05178</dc:identifier>
1017
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 541
1018
+ (2006)
1019
+ </dc:source>
1020
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1021
+
1022
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1023
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1024
+ <prism:section>Article</prism:section>
1025
+ <prism:startingPage>541</prism:startingPage>
1026
+ <prism:endingPage>547</prism:endingPage>
1027
+ </item>
1028
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05124">
1029
+ <title>AB5 subtilase cytotoxin inactivates the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP</title>
1030
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05124</link>
1031
+ <description>AB5 toxins are produced by pathogenic bacteria and consist of enzymatic A subunits that corrupt essential eukaryotic cell functions, and pentameric B subunits that mediate uptake into the target cell. AB5 toxins include the Shiga, cholera and pertussis toxins and a </description>
1032
+
1033
+ <dc:title>AB5 subtilase cytotoxin inactivates the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP</dc:title>
1034
+ <dc:creator>Adrienne W. Paton</dc:creator>
1035
+ <dc:creator>Travis Beddoe</dc:creator>
1036
+ <dc:creator>Cheleste M. Thorpe</dc:creator>
1037
+ <dc:creator>James C. Whisstock</dc:creator>
1038
+ <dc:creator>Matthew C. J. Wilce</dc:creator>
1039
+ <dc:creator>Jamie Rossjohn</dc:creator>
1040
+ <dc:creator>Ursula M. Talbot</dc:creator>
1041
+ <dc:creator>James C. Paton</dc:creator>
1042
+
1043
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05124</dc:identifier>
1044
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 548
1045
+ (2006)
1046
+ </dc:source>
1047
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1048
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1049
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1050
+ <prism:section>Article</prism:section>
1051
+ <prism:startingPage>548</prism:startingPage>
1052
+ <prism:endingPage>552</prism:endingPage>
1053
+ </item>
1054
+
1055
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05116">
1056
+ <title>Electron acceleration from contracting magnetic islands during reconnection</title>
1057
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05116</link>
1058
+ <description>A long-standing problem in the study of space and astrophysical plasmas is to explain the production of energetic electrons as magnetic fields &#8216;reconnect&#8217; and release energy. In the Earth's magnetosphere, electron energies reach hundreds of thousands of electron volts (refs 1&#8211;3), whereas the typical electron energies associated with large-scale reconnection-driven flows are just a few electron volts. Recent observations further suggest that these energetic particles are produced in the region where the magnetic field reconnects. In solar flares, upwards of 50 per cent of the energy released can appear as energetic electrons. Here we show that electrons gain kinetic energy by reflecting from the ends of the contracting &#8216;magnetic islands&#8217; that form as reconnection proceeds. The mechanism is analogous to the increase of energy of a ball reflecting between two converging walls&#8212;the ball gains energy with each bounce. The repetitive interaction of electrons with many islands allows large numbers to be efficiently accelerated to high energy. The back pressure of the energetic electrons throttles reconnection so that the electron energy gain is a large fraction of the released magnetic energy. The resultant energy spectra of electrons take the form of power laws with spectral indices that match the magnetospheric observations.</description>
1059
+ <dc:title>Electron acceleration from contracting magnetic islands during reconnection</dc:title>
1060
+
1061
+ <dc:creator>J. F. Drake</dc:creator>
1062
+ <dc:creator>M. Swisdak</dc:creator>
1063
+ <dc:creator>H. Che</dc:creator>
1064
+ <dc:creator>M. A. Shay</dc:creator>
1065
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05116</dc:identifier>
1066
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 553
1067
+ (2006)
1068
+ </dc:source>
1069
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1070
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1071
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1072
+
1073
+ <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1074
+ <prism:startingPage>553</prism:startingPage>
1075
+ <prism:endingPage>556</prism:endingPage>
1076
+ </item>
1077
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05136">
1078
+ <title>Quantum teleportation between light and matter</title>
1079
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05136</link>
1080
+ <description>Quantum teleportation is an important ingredient in distributed quantum networks, and can also serve as an elementary operation in quantum computers. Teleportation was first demonstrated as a transfer of a quantum state of light onto another light beam; later developments used optical relays and demonstrated entanglement swapping for continuous variables. The teleportation of a quantum state between two single material particles (trapped ions) has now also been achieved. Here we demonstrate teleportation between objects of a different nature&#8212;light and matter, which respectively represent &#8216;flying&#8217; and &#8216;stationary&#8217; media. A quantum state encoded in a light pulse is teleported onto a macroscopic object (an atomic ensemble containing 10 caesium atoms). Deterministic teleportation is achieved for sets of coherent states with mean photon number (n) up to a few hundred. The fidelities are 0.58 &#177; 0.02 for n &#61; 20 and 0.60 &#177; 0.02 for n &#61; 5&#8212;higher than any classical state transfer can possibly achieve. Besides being of fundamental interest, teleportation using a macroscopic atomic ensemble is relevant for the practical implementation of a quantum repeater. An important factor for the implementation of quantum networks is the teleportation distance between transmitter and receiver; this is 0.5&#8201;metres in the present experiment. As our experiment uses propagating light to achieve the entanglement of light and atoms required for teleportation, the present approach should be scalable to longer distances.</description>
1081
+
1082
+ <dc:title>Quantum teleportation between light and matter</dc:title>
1083
+ <dc:creator>Jacob F. Sherson</dc:creator>
1084
+ <dc:creator>Hanna Krauter</dc:creator>
1085
+ <dc:creator>Rasmus K. Olsson</dc:creator>
1086
+ <dc:creator>Brian Julsgaard</dc:creator>
1087
+ <dc:creator>Klemens Hammerer</dc:creator>
1088
+ <dc:creator>Ignacio Cirac</dc:creator>
1089
+ <dc:creator>Eugene S. Polzik</dc:creator>
1090
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05136</dc:identifier>
1091
+
1092
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 557
1093
+ (2006)
1094
+ </dc:source>
1095
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1096
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1097
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1098
+ <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1099
+ <prism:startingPage>557</prism:startingPage>
1100
+ <prism:endingPage>560</prism:endingPage>
1101
+ </item>
1102
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05121">
1103
+ <title>Rapid subtropical North Atlantic salinity oscillations across Dansgaard&#8211;Oeschger cycles</title>
1104
+
1105
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05121</link>
1106
+ <description>Geochemical and sedimentological evidence suggest that the rapid climate warming oscillations of the last ice age, the Dansgaard&#8211;Oeschger cycles, were coupled to fluctuations in North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation through its regulation of poleward heat flux. The balance between cold meltwater from the north and warm, salty subtropical gyre waters from the south influenced the strength and location of North Atlantic overturning circulation during this period of highly variable climate. Here we investigate how rapid reorganizations of the ocean&#8211;atmosphere system across these cycles are linked to salinity changes in the subtropical North Atlantic gyre. We combine Mg/Ca palaeothermometry and oxygen isotope ratio measurements on planktonic foraminifera across four Dansgaard&#8211;Oeschger cycles (spanning 45.9&#8211;59.2&#8201;kyr ago) to generate a seawater salinity proxy record from a subtropical gyre deep-sea sediment core. We show that North Atlantic gyre surface salinities oscillated rapidly between saltier stadial conditions and fresher interstadials, covarying with inferred shifts in the Tropical Atlantic hydrologic cycle and North Atlantic overturning circulation. These salinity oscillations suggest a reduction in precipitation into the North Atlantic and/or reduced export of deep salty thermohaline waters during stadials. We hypothesize that increased stadial salinities preconditioned the North Atlantic Ocean for a rapid return to deep overturning circulation and high-latitude warming by contributing to increased North Atlantic surface-water density on interstadial transitions.</description>
1107
+ <dc:title>Rapid subtropical North Atlantic salinity oscillations across Dansgaard&#8211;Oeschger cycles</dc:title>
1108
+ <dc:creator>Matthew W. Schmidt</dc:creator>
1109
+ <dc:creator>Maryline J. Vautravers</dc:creator>
1110
+ <dc:creator>Howard J. Spero</dc:creator>
1111
+
1112
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05121</dc:identifier>
1113
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 561
1114
+ (2006)
1115
+ </dc:source>
1116
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1117
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1118
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1119
+ <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1120
+ <prism:startingPage>561</prism:startingPage>
1121
+ <prism:endingPage>564</prism:endingPage>
1122
+ </item>
1123
+
1124
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05144">
1125
+ <title>Lithium isotope evidence for subduction-enriched mantle in the source of mid-ocean-ridge basalts</title>
1126
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05144</link>
1127
+ <description>&#8216;Recycled&#8217; crustal materials, returned from the Earth's surface to the mantle by subduction, have long been invoked to explain compositional heterogeneity in the upper mantle. Yet increasingly, problems have been noted with this model. The debate can be definitively addressed using stable isotope ratios, which should only significantly vary in primitive, mantle-derived materials as a consequence of recycling. Here we present data showing a notable range in lithium isotope ratios in basalts from the East Pacific Rise, which correlate with traditional indices of mantle heterogeneity (for example, 143Nd/144Nd ratios). Such co-variations of stable and radiogenic isotopes in melts from a normal ridge segment provide critical evidence for the importance of recycled material in generating chemical heterogeneity in the upper mantle. Contrary to many models, however, the elevated lithium isotope ratios of the &#8216;enriched&#8217; East Pacific Rise lavas imply that subducted ocean crust is not the agent of enrichment. Instead, we suggest that fluid-modified mantle, which is enriched during residency in a subduction zone, is mixed back into the upper mantle to cause compositional variability.</description>
1128
+ <dc:title>Lithium isotope evidence for subduction-enriched mantle in the source of mid-ocean-ridge basalts</dc:title>
1129
+ <dc:creator>Tim Elliott</dc:creator>
1130
+ <dc:creator>Alex Thomas</dc:creator>
1131
+
1132
+ <dc:creator>Alistair Jeffcoate</dc:creator>
1133
+ <dc:creator>Yaoling Niu</dc:creator>
1134
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05144</dc:identifier>
1135
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 565
1136
+ (2006)
1137
+ </dc:source>
1138
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1139
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1140
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1141
+ <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1142
+ <prism:startingPage>565</prism:startingPage>
1143
+
1144
+ <prism:endingPage>568</prism:endingPage>
1145
+ </item>
1146
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05160">
1147
+ <title>Reassembly of shattered chromosomes in Deinococcus radiodurans</title>
1148
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05160</link>
1149
+ <description>Dehydration or desiccation is one of the most frequent and severe challenges to living cells. The bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans is the best known extremophile among the few organisms that can survive extremely high exposures to desiccation and ionizing radiation, which shatter its genome into hundreds of short DNA fragments. Remarkably, these fragments are readily reassembled into a functional 3.28-megabase genome. Here we describe the relevant two-stage DNA repair process, which involves a previously unknown molecular mechanism for fragment reassembly called &#8216;extended synthesis-dependent strand annealing&#8217; (ESDSA), followed and completed by crossovers. At least two genome copies and random DNA breakage are requirements for effective ESDSA. In ESDSA, chromosomal fragments with overlapping homologies are used both as primers and as templates for massive synthesis of complementary single strands, as occurs in a single-round multiplex polymerase chain reaction. This synthesis depends on DNA polymerase I and incorporates more nucleotides than does normal replication in intact cells. Newly synthesized complementary single-stranded extensions become &#8216;sticky ends&#8217; that anneal with high precision, joining together contiguous DNA fragments into long, linear, double-stranded intermediates. These intermediates require RecA-dependent crossovers to mature into circular chromosomes that comprise double-stranded patchworks of numerous DNA blocks synthesized before radiation, connected by DNA blocks synthesized after radiation.</description>
1150
+ <dc:title>Reassembly of shattered chromosomes in Deinococcus radiodurans</dc:title>
1151
+
1152
+ <dc:creator>Ksenija Zahradka</dc:creator>
1153
+ <dc:creator>Dea Slade</dc:creator>
1154
+ <dc:creator>Adriana Bailone</dc:creator>
1155
+ <dc:creator>Suzanne Sommer</dc:creator>
1156
+ <dc:creator>Dietrich Averbeck</dc:creator>
1157
+ <dc:creator>Mirjana Petranovic</dc:creator>
1158
+ <dc:creator>Ariel B. Lindner</dc:creator>
1159
+ <dc:creator>Miroslav Radman</dc:creator>
1160
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05160</dc:identifier>
1161
+
1162
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 569
1163
+ (2006)
1164
+ </dc:source>
1165
+ <dc:date>2006-09-27</dc:date>
1166
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1167
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-09-27</prism:publicationDate>
1168
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1169
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1170
+ <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1171
+ <prism:startingPage>569</prism:startingPage>
1172
+ <prism:endingPage>573</prism:endingPage>
1173
+
1174
+ </item>
1175
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05133">
1176
+ <title>Functional epistasis on a common MHC haplotype associated with multiple sclerosis</title>
1177
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05133</link>
1178
+ <description>Genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) encode proteins important in activating antigen-specific immune responses. Alleles at adjacent MHC loci are often in strong linkage disequilibrium; however, little is known about the mechanisms responsible for this linkage disequilibrium. Here we report that the human MHC HLA-DR2 haplotype, which predisposes to multiple sclerosis, shows more extensive linkage disequilibrium than other common caucasian HLA haplotypes in the DR region and thus seems likely to have been maintained through positive selection. Characterization of two multiple-sclerosis-associated HLA-DR alleles at separate loci by a functional assay in humanized mice indicates that the linkage disequilibrium between the two alleles may be due to a functional epistatic interaction, whereby one allele modifies the T-cell response activated by the second allele through activation-induced cell death. This functional epistasis is associated with a milder form of multiple-sclerosis-like disease. Such epistatic interaction might prove to be an important general mechanism for modifying exuberant immune responses that are deleterious to the host and could also help to explain the strong linkage disequilibrium in this and perhaps other HLA haplotypes.</description>
1179
+ <dc:title>Functional epistasis on a common MHC haplotype associated with multiple sclerosis</dc:title>
1180
+ <dc:creator>Jon W. Gregersen</dc:creator>
1181
+ <dc:creator>Kamil R. Kranc</dc:creator>
1182
+ <dc:creator>Xiayi Ke</dc:creator>
1183
+ <dc:creator>Pia Svendsen</dc:creator>
1184
+
1185
+ <dc:creator>Lars S. Madsen</dc:creator>
1186
+ <dc:creator>Allan Randrup Thomsen</dc:creator>
1187
+ <dc:creator>Lon R. Cardon</dc:creator>
1188
+ <dc:creator>John I. Bell</dc:creator>
1189
+ <dc:creator>Lars Fugger</dc:creator>
1190
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05133</dc:identifier>
1191
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 574
1192
+ (2006)
1193
+ </dc:source>
1194
+ <dc:date>2006-09-27</dc:date>
1195
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1196
+
1197
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-09-27</prism:publicationDate>
1198
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1199
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1200
+ <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1201
+ <prism:startingPage>574</prism:startingPage>
1202
+ <prism:endingPage>577</prism:endingPage>
1203
+ </item>
1204
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05181">
1205
+ <title>Genomic analysis of increased host immune and cell death responses induced by 1918 influenza virus</title>
1206
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05181</link>
1207
+
1208
+ <description>The influenza pandemic of 1918&#8211;19 was responsible for about 50 million deaths worldwide. Modern histopathological analysis of autopsy samples from human influenza cases from 1918 revealed significant damage to the lungs with acute, focal bronchitis and alveolitis associated with massive pulmonary oedema, haemorrhage and rapid destruction of the respiratory epithelium. The contribution of the host immune response leading to this severe pathology remains largely unknown. Here we show, in a comprehensive analysis of the global host response induced by the 1918 influenza virus, that mice infected with the reconstructed 1918 influenza virus displayed an increased and accelerated activation of host immune response genes associated with severe pulmonary pathology. We found that mice infected with a virus containing all eight genes from the pandemic virus showed marked activation of pro-inflammatory and cell-death pathways by 24&#8201;h after infection that remained unabated until death on day 5. This was in contrast with smaller host immune responses as measured at the genomic level, accompanied by less severe disease pathology and delays in death in mice infected with influenza viruses containing only subsets of 1918 genes. The results indicate a cooperative interaction between the 1918 influenza genes and show that study of the virulence of the 1918 influenza virus requires the use of the fully reconstructed virus. With recent concerns about the introduction of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses into humans and their potential to cause a worldwide pandemic with disastrous health and economic consequences, a comprehensive understanding of the global host response to the 1918 virus is crucial. Moreover, understanding the contribution of host immune responses to virulent influenza virus infections is an important starting point for the identification of prognostic indicators and the development of novel antiviral therapies.</description>
1209
+ <dc:title>Genomic analysis of increased host immune and cell death responses induced by 1918 influenza virus</dc:title>
1210
+ <dc:creator>John C. Kash</dc:creator>
1211
+ <dc:creator>Terrence M. Tumpey</dc:creator>
1212
+ <dc:creator>Sean C. Proll</dc:creator>
1213
+ <dc:creator>Victoria Carter</dc:creator>
1214
+ <dc:creator>Olivia Perwitasari</dc:creator>
1215
+ <dc:creator>Matthew J. Thomas</dc:creator>
1216
+
1217
+ <dc:creator>Christopher F. Basler</dc:creator>
1218
+ <dc:creator>Peter Palese</dc:creator>
1219
+ <dc:creator>Jeffery K. Taubenberger</dc:creator>
1220
+ <dc:creator>Adolfo Garc&#237;a-Sastre</dc:creator>
1221
+ <dc:creator>David E. Swayne</dc:creator>
1222
+ <dc:creator>Michael G. Katze</dc:creator>
1223
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05181</dc:identifier>
1224
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 578
1225
+ (2006)
1226
+ </dc:source>
1227
+
1228
+ <dc:date>2006-09-27</dc:date>
1229
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1230
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-09-27</prism:publicationDate>
1231
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1232
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1233
+ <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1234
+ <prism:startingPage>578</prism:startingPage>
1235
+ <prism:endingPage>581</prism:endingPage>
1236
+ </item>
1237
+
1238
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05149">
1239
+ <title>Sodium-dependent uptake of inorganic phosphate by the intracellular malaria parasite</title>
1240
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05149</link>
1241
+ <description>As the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, grows within its host erythrocyte it induces an increase in the permeability of the erythrocyte membrane to a range of low-molecular-mass solutes, including Na&#43; and K&#43; (ref. 1). This results in a progressive increase in the concentration of Na&#43; in the erythrocyte cytosol. The parasite cytosol has a relatively low Na&#43; concentration and there is therefore a large inward Na&#43; gradient across the parasite plasma membrane. Here we show that the parasite exploits the Na&#43; electrochemical gradient to energize the uptake of inorganic phosphate (Pi), an essential nutrient. Pi was taken up into the intracellular parasite by a Na&#43;-dependent transporter, with a stoichiometry of 2Na&#43;:1Pi and with an apparent preference for the monovalent over the divalent form of Pi. A Pi transporter (PfPiT) belonging to the PiT family was cloned from the parasite and localized to the parasite surface. Expression of PfPiT in Xenopus oocytes resulted in Na&#43;-dependent Pi uptake with characteristics similar to those observed for Pi uptake in the parasite. This study provides new insight into the significance of the malaria-parasite-induced alteration of the ionic composition of its host cell.</description>
1242
+
1243
+ <dc:title>Sodium-dependent uptake of inorganic phosphate by the intracellular malaria parasite</dc:title>
1244
+ <dc:creator>Kevin J. Saliba</dc:creator>
1245
+ <dc:creator>Rowena E. Martin</dc:creator>
1246
+ <dc:creator>Angelika Br&#246;er</dc:creator>
1247
+ <dc:creator>Roselani I. Henry</dc:creator>
1248
+ <dc:creator>C. Siobhan McCarthy</dc:creator>
1249
+ <dc:creator>Megan J. Downie</dc:creator>
1250
+ <dc:creator>Richard J. W. Allen</dc:creator>
1251
+
1252
+ <dc:creator>Kylie A. Mullin</dc:creator>
1253
+ <dc:creator>Geoffrey I. McFadden</dc:creator>
1254
+ <dc:creator>Stefan Br&#246;er</dc:creator>
1255
+ <dc:creator>Kiaran Kirk</dc:creator>
1256
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05149</dc:identifier>
1257
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 582
1258
+ (2006)
1259
+ </dc:source>
1260
+ <dc:date>2006-09-27</dc:date>
1261
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1262
+
1263
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-09-27</prism:publicationDate>
1264
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1265
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1266
+ <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1267
+ <prism:startingPage>582</prism:startingPage>
1268
+ <prism:endingPage>585</prism:endingPage>
1269
+ </item>
1270
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05125">
1271
+ <title>Identification of a mammalian mitochondrial porphyrin transporter</title>
1272
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05125</link>
1273
+
1274
+ <description>The movement of anionic porphyrins (for example, haem) across intracellular membranes is crucial to many biological processes, but their mitochondrial translocation and coordination with haem biosynthesis is not understood. Transport of porphyrins into isolated mitochondria is energy-dependent, as expected for the movement of anions into a negatively charged environment. ATP-binding cassette transporters actively facilitate the transmembrane movement of substances. We found that the mitochondrial ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCB6 is upregulated (messenger RNA and protein in human and mouse cells) by elevation of cellular porphyrins and postulated that ABCB6 has a function in porphyrin transport. We also predicted that ABCB6 is functionally linked to haem biosynthesis, because its mRNA is found in both human bone marrow and CD71&#43; early erythroid cells (by database searching), and because our results show that ABCB6 is highly expressed in human fetal liver, and Abcb6 in mouse embryonic liver. Here we demonstrate that ABCB6 is uniquely located in the outer mitochondrial membrane and is required for mitochondrial porphyrin uptake. After ABCB6 is upregulated in response to increased intracellular porphyrin, mitochondrial porphyrin uptake activates de novo porphyrin biosynthesis. This process is blocked when the Abcb6 gene is silenced. Our results challenge previous assumptions about the intracellular movement of porphyrins and the factors controlling haem biosynthesis.</description>
1275
+ <dc:title>Identification of a mammalian mitochondrial porphyrin transporter</dc:title>
1276
+ <dc:creator>Partha C. Krishnamurthy</dc:creator>
1277
+ <dc:creator>Guoqing Du</dc:creator>
1278
+ <dc:creator>Yu Fukuda</dc:creator>
1279
+ <dc:creator>Daxi Sun</dc:creator>
1280
+ <dc:creator>Janardhan Sampath</dc:creator>
1281
+ <dc:creator>Kelly E. Mercer</dc:creator>
1282
+
1283
+ <dc:creator>Junfeng Wang</dc:creator>
1284
+ <dc:creator>Beatriz Sosa-Pineda</dc:creator>
1285
+ <dc:creator>K. Gopal Murti</dc:creator>
1286
+ <dc:creator>John D. Schuetz</dc:creator>
1287
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05125</dc:identifier>
1288
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 586
1289
+ (2006)
1290
+ </dc:source>
1291
+ <dc:date>2006-09-27</dc:date>
1292
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1293
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-09-27</prism:publicationDate>
1294
+
1295
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1296
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1297
+ <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1298
+ <prism:startingPage>586</prism:startingPage>
1299
+ <prism:endingPage>589</prism:endingPage>
1300
+ </item>
1301
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05175">
1302
+ <title>Molecular architecture and assembly of the DDB1&#8211;CUL4A ubiquitin ligase machinery</title>
1303
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05175</link>
1304
+
1305
+ <description>Protein ubiquitination is a common form of post-translational modification that regulates a broad spectrum of protein substrates in diverse cellular pathways. Through a three-enzyme (E1&#8211;E2&#8211;E3) cascade, the attachment of ubiquitin to proteins is catalysed by the E3 ubiquitin ligase, which is best represented by the superfamily of the cullin-RING complexes. Conserved from yeast to human, the DDB1&#8211;CUL4&#8211;ROC1 complex is a recently identified cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase, which regulates DNA repair, DNA replication and transcription, and can also be subverted by pathogenic viruses to benefit viral infection. Lacking a canonical SKP1-like cullin adaptor and a defined substrate recruitment module, how the DDB1&#8211;CUL4&#8211;ROC1 E3 apparatus is assembled for ubiquitinating various substrates remains unclear. Here we present crystallographic analyses of the virally hijacked form of the human DDB1&#8211;CUL4A&#8211;ROC1 machinery, which show that DDB1 uses one &#946;-propeller domain for cullin scaffold binding and a variably attached separate double-&#946;-propeller fold for substrate presentation. Through tandem-affinity purification of human DDB1 and CUL4A complexes followed by mass spectrometry analysis, we then identify a novel family of WD40-repeat proteins, which directly bind to the double-propeller fold of DDB1 and serve as the substrate-recruiting module of the E3. Together, our structural and proteomic results reveal the structural mechanisms and molecular logic underlying the assembly and versatility of a new family of cullin-RING E3 complexes.</description>
1306
+ <dc:title>Molecular architecture and assembly of the DDB1&#8211;CUL4A ubiquitin ligase machinery</dc:title>
1307
+ <dc:creator>Stephane Angers</dc:creator>
1308
+
1309
+ <dc:creator>Ti Li</dc:creator>
1310
+ <dc:creator>Xianhua Yi</dc:creator>
1311
+ <dc:creator>Michael J. MacCoss</dc:creator>
1312
+ <dc:creator>Randall T. Moon</dc:creator>
1313
+ <dc:creator>Ning Zheng</dc:creator>
1314
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05175</dc:identifier>
1315
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 590
1316
+ (2006)
1317
+ </dc:source>
1318
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1319
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1320
+
1321
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1322
+ <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1323
+ <prism:startingPage>590</prism:startingPage>
1324
+ <prism:endingPage>593</prism:endingPage>
1325
+ </item>
1326
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05186">
1327
+ <title>Co-evolution of transcriptional and post-translational cell-cycle regulation</title>
1328
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05186</link>
1329
+ <description>DNA microarray studies have shown that hundreds of genes are transcribed periodically during the mitotic cell cycle of humans, budding yeast, fission yeast and the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Here we show that despite the fact the protein complexes involved in this process are largely the same among all eukaryotes, their regulation has evolved considerably. Our comparative analysis of several large-scale data sets reveals that although the regulated subunits of each protein complex are expressed just before its time of action, the identity of the periodically expressed proteins differs significantly between organisms. Moreover, we show that these changes in transcriptional regulation have co-evolved with post-translational control independently in several lineages; loss or gain of cell-cycle-regulated transcription of specific genes is often mirrored by changes in phosphorylation of the proteins that they encode. Our results indicate that many different solutions have evolved for assembling the same molecular machines at the right time during the cell cycle, involving both transcriptional and post-translational layers that jointly control the dynamics of biological systems.</description>
1330
+ <dc:title>Co-evolution of transcriptional and post-translational cell-cycle regulation</dc:title>
1331
+
1332
+ <dc:creator>Lars Juhl Jensen</dc:creator>
1333
+ <dc:creator>Thomas Sk&#248;t Jensen</dc:creator>
1334
+ <dc:creator>Ulrik de Lichtenberg</dc:creator>
1335
+ <dc:creator>S&#248;ren Brunak</dc:creator>
1336
+ <dc:creator>Peer Bork</dc:creator>
1337
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05186</dc:identifier>
1338
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 594
1339
+ (2006)
1340
+ </dc:source>
1341
+ <dc:date>2006-09-27</dc:date>
1342
+
1343
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1344
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-09-27</prism:publicationDate>
1345
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1346
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1347
+ <prism:section>Letter</prism:section>
1348
+ <prism:startingPage>594</prism:startingPage>
1349
+ <prism:endingPage>597</prism:endingPage>
1350
+ </item>
1351
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05153">
1352
+ <title>Microstimulation of inferotemporal cortex influences face categorization</title>
1353
+
1354
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05153</link>
1355
+ <description>Nature442, 692&#8211;695 (2006)In Fig. 1a the number in the right lower section in front of the term &#8216;visual signal&#8217; below the last face image should be 80% and not 20%.</description>
1356
+ <dc:title>Microstimulation of inferotemporal cortex influences face categorization</dc:title>
1357
+ <dc:creator>Seyed-Reza Afraz</dc:creator>
1358
+ <dc:creator>Roozbeh Kiani</dc:creator>
1359
+ <dc:creator>Hossein Esteky</dc:creator>
1360
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05153</dc:identifier>
1361
+
1362
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 598
1363
+ (2006)
1364
+ </dc:source>
1365
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1366
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1367
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1368
+ <prism:section>Corrigendum</prism:section>
1369
+ <prism:startingPage>598</prism:startingPage>
1370
+ <prism:endingPage>598</prism:endingPage>
1371
+ </item>
1372
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05187">
1373
+ <title>Coral reef diversity refutes the neutral theory of biodiversity</title>
1374
+
1375
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05187</link>
1376
+ <description>Nature440, 80&#8211;82 (2006)The original data from this paper are now available online as additional Supplementary Information to the original paper. They should therefore be cited as part of the original paper. The coral abundance distributions are shown </description>
1377
+ <dc:title>Coral reef diversity refutes the neutral theory of biodiversity</dc:title>
1378
+ <dc:creator>Maria Dornelas</dc:creator>
1379
+ <dc:creator>Sean R. Connolly</dc:creator>
1380
+ <dc:creator>Terence P. Hughes</dc:creator>
1381
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05187</dc:identifier>
1382
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 598
1383
+ (2006)
1384
+ </dc:source>
1385
+
1386
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1387
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1388
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1389
+ <prism:section>Erratum</prism:section>
1390
+ <prism:startingPage>598</prism:startingPage>
1391
+ <prism:endingPage>598</prism:endingPage>
1392
+ </item>
1393
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05189">
1394
+ <title>Sexual reproduction selects for robustness and negative epistasis in artificial gene networks</title>
1395
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05189</link>
1396
+
1397
+ <description>Nature440, 87&#8211;90 (2006)Equation (1) in this paper was incorrect. The correct equation is:si(t &#43; 1) &#61; f&#8721;j &#61; 1N&#8201;rijsj(t)</description>
1398
+ <dc:title>Sexual reproduction selects for robustness and negative epistasis in artificial gene networks</dc:title>
1399
+ <dc:creator>Ricardo B. R. Azevedo</dc:creator>
1400
+ <dc:creator>Rolf Lohaus</dc:creator>
1401
+
1402
+ <dc:creator>Suraj Srinivasan</dc:creator>
1403
+ <dc:creator>Kristen K. Dang</dc:creator>
1404
+ <dc:creator>Christina L. Burch</dc:creator>
1405
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05189</dc:identifier>
1406
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 598
1407
+ (2006)
1408
+ </dc:source>
1409
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1410
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1411
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1412
+ <prism:section>Corrigendum</prism:section>
1413
+
1414
+ <prism:startingPage>598</prism:startingPage>
1415
+ <prism:endingPage>598</prism:endingPage>
1416
+ </item>
1417
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05211">
1418
+ <title>Arctic hydrology during global warming at the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum</title>
1419
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05211</link>
1420
+ <description>Nature442, 671&#8211;675 (2006)We omitted the names of the following authors of this Letter: Jens Matthiessen, Kathryn Moran and Ruediger Stein.</description>
1421
+ <dc:title>Arctic hydrology during global warming at the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum</dc:title>
1422
+ <dc:creator>Mark Pagani</dc:creator>
1423
+
1424
+ <dc:creator>Nikolai Pedentchouk</dc:creator>
1425
+ <dc:creator>Matthew Huber</dc:creator>
1426
+ <dc:creator>Appy Sluijs</dc:creator>
1427
+ <dc:creator>Stefan Schouten</dc:creator>
1428
+ <dc:creator>Henk Brinkhuis</dc:creator>
1429
+ <dc:creator>Jaap S. Sinninghe Damst&#233;</dc:creator>
1430
+ <dc:creator>Gerald R. Dickens</dc:creator>
1431
+ <dc:creator>&#8201;&amp; the Expedition 302 Scientists (</dc:creator>
1432
+
1433
+ <dc:creator>Jan Backman</dc:creator>
1434
+ <dc:creator>Steve Clemens</dc:creator>
1435
+ <dc:creator>Thomas Cronin</dc:creator>
1436
+ <dc:creator>Fr&#233;d&#233;rique Eynaud</dc:creator>
1437
+ <dc:creator>J&#233;r&#244;me Gattacceca</dc:creator>
1438
+ <dc:creator>Martin Jakobsson</dc:creator>
1439
+ <dc:creator>Ric Jordan</dc:creator>
1440
+
1441
+ <dc:creator>Michael Kaminski</dc:creator>
1442
+ <dc:creator>John King</dc:creator>
1443
+ <dc:creator>Nal&#226;n Koc</dc:creator>
1444
+ <dc:creator>Nahysa C. Martinez</dc:creator>
1445
+ <dc:creator>Jens Matthiessen</dc:creator>
1446
+ <dc:creator>David McInroy</dc:creator>
1447
+ <dc:creator>Theodore C. Moore</dc:creator>
1448
+ <dc:creator>Kathryn Moran</dc:creator>
1449
+
1450
+ <dc:creator>Matthew O'Regan</dc:creator>
1451
+ <dc:creator>Jonaotaro Onodera</dc:creator>
1452
+ <dc:creator>Heiko P&#228;like</dc:creator>
1453
+ <dc:creator>Brice Rea</dc:creator>
1454
+ <dc:creator>Domenico Rio</dc:creator>
1455
+ <dc:creator>Tatsuhiko Sakamoto</dc:creator>
1456
+ <dc:creator>David C. Smith</dc:creator>
1457
+ <dc:creator>Ruediger Stein</dc:creator>
1458
+
1459
+ <dc:creator>Kristen E. K. St John</dc:creator>
1460
+ <dc:creator>Itsuki Suto</dc:creator>
1461
+ <dc:creator>Noritoshi Suzuki</dc:creator>
1462
+ <dc:creator>Kozo Takahashi</dc:creator>
1463
+ <dc:creator>Mahito Watanabe</dc:creator>
1464
+ <dc:creator>Masanobu Yamamoto)</dc:creator>
1465
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/nature05211</dc:identifier>
1466
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 598
1467
+ (2006)
1468
+ </dc:source>
1469
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1470
+
1471
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1472
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1473
+ <prism:section>Corrigendum</prism:section>
1474
+ <prism:startingPage>598</prism:startingPage>
1475
+ <prism:endingPage>598</prism:endingPage>
1476
+ </item>
1477
+ <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443604a">
1478
+ <title>Operation Tesla</title>
1479
+ <link>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/443604a</link>
1480
+ <description>Try to blend in.</description>
1481
+
1482
+ <dc:title>Operation Tesla</dc:title>
1483
+ <dc:creator>Jeff Hecht</dc:creator>
1484
+ <dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/443604a</dc:identifier>
1485
+ <dc:source>Nature 443, 604
1486
+ (2006)
1487
+ </dc:source>
1488
+ <dc:date>2006-10-05</dc:date>
1489
+ <prism:publicationName>Nature</prism:publicationName>
1490
+ <prism:publicationDate>2006-10-05</prism:publicationDate>
1491
+ <prism:volume>443</prism:volume>
1492
+ <prism:number>7111</prism:number>
1493
+
1494
+ <prism:section>Futures</prism:section>
1495
+ <prism:startingPage>604</prism:startingPage>
1496
+ <prism:endingPage>604</prism:endingPage>
1497
+ </item>
1498
+ </rdf:RDF>