fastimage 2.2.6 → 2.4.0

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data/README.md

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+[![https://rubygems.org/gems/fastimage](https://img.shields.io/gem/dt/fastimage.svg)](https://rubygems.org/gems/fastimage)
+[![https://github.com/sdsykes/fastimage/actions/workflows/test.yml](https://github.com/sdsykes/fastimage/actions/workflows/test.yml/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://github.com/sdsykes/fastimage/actions/workflows/test.yml)
+
+# FastImage
+
+**FastImage finds the size or type of an image given its uri by fetching as little as needed**
+
+## The problem
+
+Your app needs to find the size or type of an image. This could be for adding width and height attributes to an image tag, for adjusting layouts or overlays to fit an image or any other of dozens of reasons.
+
+But the image is not locally stored - it's on another asset server, or in the cloud - at Amazon S3 for example.
+
+You don't want to download the entire image to your app server - it could be many tens of kilobytes, or even megabytes just to get this information. For most common image types (GIF, PNG, BMP etc.), the size of the image is simply stored at the start of the file. For JPEG files it's a little bit more complex, but even so you do not need to fetch much of the image to find the size.
+
+FastImage does this minimal fetch for image types GIF, JPEG, PNG, TIFF, BMP, ICO, CUR, PSD, SVG, WEBP and JXL. And it doesn't rely on installing external libraries such as RMagick (which relies on ImageMagick or GraphicsMagick) or ImageScience (which relies on FreeImage).
+
+You only need supply the uri, and FastImage will do the rest.
+
+## Features
+
+- Reads local (and other) files - anything that is not parseable as a URI will be interpreted as a filename, and - will attempt to open it with `File#open`.
+
+- Automatically reads from any object that responds to `:read` - for instance an IO object if that is passed instead of a URI.
+
+- Follows up to 4 HTTP redirects to get the image.
+
+- Obey the `http_proxy` setting in your environment to route requests via a proxy. You can also pass a `:proxy` argument if you want to specify the proxy address in the call.
+
+- Add a timeout to the request which will limit the request time by passing `:timeout => number_of_seconds`.
+
+- Returns `nil` if it encounters an error, but you can pass `:raise_on_failure => true` to get an exception.
+
+- Provides a reader for the content length header provided in HTTP. This may be useful to assess the file size of an image, but do not rely on it exclusively - it will not be present in chunked responses for instance.
+
+- Accepts additional HTTP headers. This can be used to set a user agent or referrer which some servers require. Pass an `:http_header` argument to specify headers, e.g., `:http_header => {'User-Agent' => 'Fake Browser'}`.
+
+- Gives you information about the parsed display orientation of an image with Exif data (jpeg or tiff).
+
+- Handles [Data URIs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Basics_of_HTTP/Data_URLs) correctly.
+
+## Security
+
+Take care to sanitise the strings passed to FastImage; it will try to read from whatever is passed.
+
+## Examples
+
+```ruby
+require 'fastimage'
+
+FastImage.size("https://switchstep.com/images/ios.gif")
+=> [196, 283]  # width, height
+FastImage.type("http://switchstep.com/images/ss_logo.png")
+=> :png
+FastImage.type("/some/local/file.gif")
+=> :gif
+File.open("/some/local/file.gif", "r") {|io| FastImage.type(io)}
+=> :gif
+FastImage.size("http://switchstep.com/images/favicon.ico", :raise_on_failure=>true, :timeout=>0.01)
+=> raises FastImage::ImageFetchFailure
+FastImage.size("http://switchstep.com/images/favicon.ico", :raise_on_failure=>true, :timeout=>2)
+=> [16, 16]
+FastImage.size("http://switchstep.com/images/faulty.jpg", :raise_on_failure=>true)
+=> raises FastImage::SizeNotFound
+FastImage.new("http://switchstep.com/images/ss_logo.png").content_length
+=> 4679
+FastImage.size("http://switchstep.com/images/ss_logo.png", :http_header => {'User-Agent' => 'Fake Browser'})
+=> [300, 300]
+FastImage.new("http://switchstep.com/images/ExifOrientation3.jpg").orientation
+=> 3
+FastImage.size("data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==")
+=> [1, 1]
+```
+
+## Installation
+
+### Gem
+
+```sh
+gem install fastimage
+```
+
+### Bundler
+
+Add fastimage to your Gemfile.
+
+```ruby
+gem 'fastimage'
+```
+
+Then you're off - just use `FastImage.size()` and `FastImage.type()` in your code as in the examples.
+
+## Documentation
+
+http://sdsykes.github.io/fastimage/rdoc/FastImage.html
+
+## Maintainer
+
+FastImage is maintained by Stephen Sykes (sdsykes). SamSaffron also helps out from time to time (thanks!).
+
+## Benchmark
+
+It's way faster than conventional methods for most types of file when fetching over the wire. Compared here by using OpenURI which will fetch the whole file.
+
+```ruby
+require 'benchmark'
+require 'fastimage'
+require 'open-uri'
+
+uri = "http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Mardin_1350660_1350692_33_images.jpg"
+puts Benchmark.measure {URI.open(uri, 'rb') {|fh| p FastImage.size(fh)}}
+[9545, 6623]
+  0.059088   0.067694   0.126782 (  0.808131)
+
+puts Benchmark.measure {p FastImage.size(uri)}
+[9545, 6623]
+  0.006198   0.001563   0.007761 (  0.162021)
+```
+
+The file is fetched in about 0.8 seconds in this test (the number in brackets is the total time taken), but as FastImage doesn't need to fetch the whole thing, it completes in 0.16s.
+
+You'll see similar excellent results for the other file types.
+
+```ruby
+require 'benchmark'
+require 'fastimage'
+require 'open-uri'
+
+uri = "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Augustine_Herrman_1670_Map_Virginia_Maryland.tiff"
+puts Benchmark.measure {URI.open(uri, 'rb') {|fh| p FastImage.size(fh)}}
+[12805, 10204]
+  1.332587   2.049915   3.382502 ( 19.925270)
+
+puts Benchmark.measure {p FastImage.size(uri)}
+[12805, 10204]
+  0.004593   0.000924   0.005517 (  0.100592)
+```
+
+Some tiff files however do not have their metadata near the start of the file.
+
+```ruby
+require 'benchmark'
+require 'fastimage'
+require 'open-uri'
+
+uri = "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Center-Filled_LIMA.tif"
+puts Benchmark.measure {URI.open(uri, 'rb') {|fh| p FastImage.size(fh)}}
+[22841, 19404]
+  0.350304   0.321104   0.671408 (  3.053605)
+
+puts Benchmark.measure {p FastImage.size(uri)}
+[22841, 19404]
+  0.163443   0.214301   0.377744 (  2.880414)
+```
+
+Note that if you want a really fast result for this file type, [image_size](https://github.com/toy/image_size?tab=readme-ov-file#experimental-fetch-image-meta-from-http-server) might be useful as it has an optimisation for this (fetching only the needed data range).
+
+```ruby
+require 'benchmark'
+require 'image_size/uri'
+require 'fastimage'
+
+uri = "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Center-Filled_LIMA.tif"
+puts Benchmark.measure {p ImageSize.url(uri).size }
+[22841, 19404]
+  0.008983   0.001311   0.010294 (  0.128986)
+
+puts Benchmark.measure {p FastImage.size(uri)}
+[22841, 19404]
+  0.163443   0.214301   0.377744 (  2.880414)
+```
+
+## Tests
+
+You'll need to bundle, or `gem install fakeweb` and possibly also  `gem install test-unit` to be able to run the tests.
+
+```sh
+ruby test/test.rb
+```
+
+## References
+
+- [Pennysmalls - Find jpeg dimensions fast in pure Ruby, no image library needed](http://pennysmalls.wordpress.com/2008/08/19/find-jpeg-dimensions-fast-in-pure-ruby-no-ima/)
+- [Antti Kupila - Getting JPG dimensions with AS3 without loading the entire file](https://www.anttikupila.com/archive/getting-jpg-dimensions/)
+- [imagesize gem](https://rubygems.org/gems/imagesize)
+- [EXIF Reader](https://github.com/remvee/exifr)
+
+## FastImage in other languages
+
+- [Python by bmuller](https://github.com/bmuller/fastimage)
+- [Swift by kaishin](https://github.com/kaishin/ImageScout)
+- [Go by rubenfonseca](https://github.com/rubenfonseca/fastimage)
+- [PHP by tommoor](https://github.com/tommoor/fastimage)
+- [Node.js by ShogunPanda](https://github.com/ShogunPanda/fastimage)
+- [Objective C by kylehickinson](https://github.com/kylehickinson/FastImage)
+- [Android by qstumn](https://github.com/qstumn/FastImageSize)
+- [Flutter by ky1vstar](https://github.com/ky1vstar/fastimage.dart)
+
+### Also of interest
+- [C++ by xiaozhuai](https://github.com/xiaozhuai/imageinfo)
+- [Rust by xiaozhuai](https://github.com/xiaozhuai/imageinfo-rs)
+
+## Licence
+
+MIT, see file "MIT-LICENSE"

data/lib/fastimage/fastimage.rb

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+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/image_base'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/stream_util'
+
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/avif'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/bmp'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/exif'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/fiber_stream'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/gif'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/heic'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/ico'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/iso_bmff'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/jpeg'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/jxl'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/jxlc'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/png'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/psd'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/svg'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/tiff'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/type_parser'
+require_relative 'fastimage_parsing/webp'
+
+class FastImage
+  include FastImageParsing
+
+  attr_reader :bytes_read
+
+  class FastImageException < StandardError # :nodoc:
+  end
+  class UnknownImageType < FastImageException # :nodoc:
+  end
+  class ImageFetchFailure < FastImageException # :nodoc:
+  end
+  class SizeNotFound < FastImageException # :nodoc:
+  end
+  class CannotParseImage < FastImageException # :nodoc:
+  end
+  class BadImageURI < FastImageException # :nodoc:
+  end
+
+  DefaultTimeout = 2 unless const_defined?(:DefaultTimeout)
+
+  LocalFileChunkSize = 256 unless const_defined?(:LocalFileChunkSize)
+
+  private
+
+  Parsers = {
+    :bmp => Bmp,
+    :gif => Gif,
+    :jpeg => Jpeg,
+    :png => Png,
+    :tiff => Tiff,
+    :psd => Psd,
+    :heic => Heic,
+    :heif => Heic,
+    :webp => Webp,
+    :svg => Svg,
+    :ico => Ico,
+    :cur => Ico,
+    :jxl => Jxl,
+    :avif => Avif
+  }.freeze
+
+  public
+
+  SUPPORTED_IMAGE_TYPES = Parsers.keys.freeze
+  
+  # Returns an array containing the width and height of the image.
+  # It will return nil if the image could not be fetched, or if the image type was not recognised.
+  #
+  # By default there is a timeout of 2 seconds for opening and reading from a remote server.
+  # This can be changed by passing a :timeout => number_of_seconds in the options.
+  #
+  # If you wish FastImage to raise if it cannot size the image for any reason, then pass
+  # :raise_on_failure => true in the options.
+  #
+  # FastImage knows about GIF, JPEG, BMP, TIFF, ICO, CUR, PNG, HEIC/HEIF, AVIF, PSD, SVG, WEBP and JXL files.
+  #
+  # === Example
+  #
+  #   require 'fastimage'
+  #
+  #   FastImage.size("https://switchstep.com/images/ios.gif")
+  #   => [196, 283]
+  #   FastImage.size("http://switchstep.com/images/ss_logo.png")
+  #   => [300, 300]
+  #   FastImage.size("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Jpeg_thumb_artifacts_test.jpg")
+  #   => [1280, 800]
+  #   FastImage.size("https://eeweb.engineering.nyu.edu/~yao/EL5123/image/lena_gray.bmp")
+  #   => [512, 512]
+  #   FastImage.size("test/fixtures/test.jpg")
+  #   => [882, 470]
+  #   FastImage.size("http://switchstep.com/does_not_exist")
+  #   => nil
+  #   FastImage.size("http://switchstep.com/does_not_exist", :raise_on_failure=>true)
+  #   => raises FastImage::ImageFetchFailure
+  #   FastImage.size("http://switchstep.com/images/favicon.ico", :raise_on_failure=>true)
+  #   => [16, 16]
+  #   FastImage.size("http://switchstep.com/foo.ics", :raise_on_failure=>true)
+  #   => raises FastImage::UnknownImageType
+  #   FastImage.size("http://switchstep.com/images/favicon.ico", :raise_on_failure=>true, :timeout=>0.01)
+  #   => raises FastImage::ImageFetchFailure
+  #   FastImage.size("http://switchstep.com/images/faulty.jpg", :raise_on_failure=>true)
+  #   => raises FastImage::SizeNotFound
+  #
+  # === Supported options
+  # [:timeout]
+  #   Overrides the default timeout of 2 seconds.  Applies both to reading from and opening the http connection.
+  # [:raise_on_failure]
+  #   If set to true causes an exception to be raised if the image size cannot be found for any reason.
+  #
+  def self.size(uri, options={})
+    new(uri, options).size
+  end
+
+  # Returns an symbol indicating the image type fetched from a uri.
+  # It will return nil if the image could not be fetched, or if the image type was not recognised.
+  #
+  # By default there is a timeout of 2 seconds for opening and reading from a remote server.
+  # This can be changed by passing a :timeout => number_of_seconds in the options.
+  #
+  # If you wish FastImage to raise if it cannot find the type of the image for any reason, then pass
+  # :raise_on_failure => true in the options.
+  #
+  # === Example
+  #
+  #   require 'fastimage'
+  #
+  #   FastImage.type("https://switchstep.com/images/ios.gif")
+  #   => :gif
+  #   FastImage.type("http://switchstep.com/images/ss_logo.png")
+  #   => :png
+  #   FastImage.type("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Jpeg_thumb_artifacts_test.jpg")
+  #   => :jpeg
+  #   FastImage.type("https://eeweb.engineering.nyu.edu/~yao/EL5123/image/lena_gray.bmp")
+  #   => :bmp
+  #   FastImage.type("test/fixtures/test.jpg")
+  #   => :jpeg
+  #   FastImage.type("http://switchstep.com/does_not_exist")
+  #   => nil
+  #   File.open("/some/local/file.gif", "r") {|io| FastImage.type(io)}
+  #   => :gif
+  #   FastImage.type("test/fixtures/test.tiff")
+  #   => :tiff
+  #   FastImage.type("test/fixtures/test.psd")
+  #   => :psd
+  #
+  # === Supported options
+  # [:timeout]
+  #   Overrides the default timeout of 2 seconds.  Applies both to reading from and opening the http connection.
+  # [:raise_on_failure]
+  #   If set to true causes an exception to be raised if the image type cannot be found for any reason.
+  #
+  def self.type(uri, options={})
+    new(uri, options).type
+  end
+
+  # Returns a boolean value indicating the image is animated.
+  # It will return nil if the image could not be fetched, or if the image type was not recognised.
+  #
+  # By default there is a timeout of 2 seconds for opening and reading from a remote server.
+  # This can be changed by passing a :timeout => number_of_seconds in the options.
+  #
+  # If you wish FastImage to raise if it cannot find the type of the image for any reason, then pass
+  # :raise_on_failure => true in the options.
+  #
+  # === Example
+  #
+  #   require 'fastimage'
+  #
+  #   FastImage.animated?("test/fixtures/test.gif")
+  #   => false
+  #   FastImage.animated?("test/fixtures/animated.gif")
+  #   => true
+  #
+  # === Supported options
+  # [:timeout]
+  #   Overrides the default timeout of 2 seconds.  Applies both to reading from and opening the http connection.
+  # [:raise_on_failure]
+  #   If set to true causes an exception to be raised if the image type cannot be found for any reason.
+  #
+  def self.animated?(uri, options={})
+    new(uri, options).animated
+  end
+  
+  def initialize(uri, options={})
+    @uri = uri
+    @options = {
+      :timeout          => DefaultTimeout,
+      :raise_on_failure => false,
+      :proxy            => nil,
+      :http_header      => {}
+    }.merge(options)
+  end
+
+  def type
+    @property = :type
+    fetch unless defined?(@type)
+    @type
+  end
+
+  def size
+    @property = :size
+    begin
+      fetch unless defined?(@size)
+    rescue CannotParseImage
+    end
+
+    raise SizeNotFound if @options[:raise_on_failure] && !@size
+
+    @size
+  end
+
+  def orientation
+    size unless defined?(@size)
+    @orientation ||= 1 if @size
+  end
+
+  def width
+    size && @size[0]
+  end
+
+  def height
+    size && @size[1]
+  end
+
+  def animated
+    @property = :animated
+    fetch unless defined?(@animated)
+    @animated
+  end
+  
+  def content_length
+    @property = :content_length
+    fetch unless defined?(@content_length)
+    @content_length
+  end
+
+  # find an appropriate method to fetch the image according to the passed parameter
+  def fetch
+    raise BadImageURI if @uri.nil?
+
+    if @uri.respond_to?(:read)
+      fetch_using_read(@uri)
+    elsif @uri.start_with?('data:')
+      fetch_using_base64(@uri)
+    else
+      begin
+        @parsed_uri = URI.parse(@uri)
+      rescue URI::InvalidURIError
+        fetch_using_file_open
+      else
+        if @parsed_uri.scheme == "http" || @parsed_uri.scheme == "https"
+          fetch_using_http
+        else
+          fetch_using_file_open
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    raise SizeNotFound if @options[:raise_on_failure] && @property == :size && !@size
+
+  rescue Timeout::Error, SocketError, Errno::ECONNREFUSED, Errno::EHOSTUNREACH, Errno::ECONNRESET,
+    Errno::ENETUNREACH, ImageFetchFailure, Net::HTTPBadResponse, EOFError, Errno::ENOENT,
+    OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError
+    raise ImageFetchFailure if @options[:raise_on_failure]
+  rescue UnknownImageType, BadImageURI, CannotParseImage
+    raise if @options[:raise_on_failure]
+  
+  ensure
+    @uri.rewind if @uri.respond_to?(:rewind)
+
+  end
+
+  private
+
+  def fetch_using_http
+    @redirect_count = 0
+
+    fetch_using_http_from_parsed_uri
+  end
+
+  # Some invalid locations need escaping
+  def escaped_location(location)
+    begin
+      URI(location)
+    rescue URI::InvalidURIError
+      ::URI::DEFAULT_PARSER.escape(location)
+    else
+      location
+    end
+  end
+
+  def fetch_using_http_from_parsed_uri
+    raise ImageFetchFailure unless @parsed_uri.is_a?(URI::HTTP)
+
+    http_header = {'Accept-Encoding' => 'identity'}.merge(@options[:http_header])
+
+    setup_http
+    @http.request_get(@parsed_uri.request_uri, http_header) do |res|
+      if res.is_a?(Net::HTTPRedirection) && @redirect_count < 4
+        @redirect_count += 1
+        begin
+          location = res['Location']
+          raise ImageFetchFailure if location.nil? || location.empty?
+
+          @parsed_uri = URI.join(@parsed_uri, escaped_location(location))
+        rescue URI::InvalidURIError
+        else
+          fetch_using_http_from_parsed_uri
+          break
+        end
+      end
+
+      raise ImageFetchFailure unless res.is_a?(Net::HTTPSuccess)
+
+      @content_length = res.content_length
+      break if @property == :content_length
+
+      read_fiber = Fiber.new do
+        res.read_body do |str|
+          Fiber.yield str
+        end
+        nil
+      end
+
+      case res['content-encoding']
+      when 'deflate', 'gzip', 'x-gzip'
+        begin
+          gzip = Zlib::GzipReader.new(FiberStream.new(read_fiber))
+        rescue FiberError, Zlib::GzipFile::Error
+          raise CannotParseImage
+        end
+
+        read_fiber = Fiber.new do
+          while data = gzip.readline
+            Fiber.yield data
+          end
+          nil
+        end
+      end
+
+      parse_packets FiberStream.new(read_fiber)
+
+      break  # needed to actively quit out of the fetch
+    end
+  end
+
+  def protocol_relative_url?(url)
+    url.start_with?("//")
+  end
+
+  def proxy_uri
+    begin
+      if @options[:proxy]
+        proxy = URI.parse(@options[:proxy])
+      else
+        proxy = ENV['http_proxy'] && ENV['http_proxy'] != "" ? URI.parse(ENV['http_proxy']) : nil
+      end
+    rescue URI::InvalidURIError
+      proxy = nil
+    end
+    proxy
+  end
+
+  def setup_http
+    proxy = proxy_uri
+
+    if proxy
+      @http = Net::HTTP::Proxy(proxy.host, proxy.port, proxy.user, proxy.password).new(@parsed_uri.host, @parsed_uri.port)
+    else
+      @http = Net::HTTP.new(@parsed_uri.host, @parsed_uri.port)
+    end
+    @http.use_ssl = (@parsed_uri.scheme == "https")
+    @http.verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE
+    @http.open_timeout = @options[:timeout]
+    @http.read_timeout = @options[:timeout]
+  end
+
+  def fetch_using_read(readable)
+    return @content_length = readable.size if @property == :content_length && readable.respond_to?(:size)
+
+    readable.rewind if readable.respond_to?(:rewind)
+    # Pathnames respond to read, but always return the first
+    # chunk of the file unlike an IO (even though the
+    # docuementation for it refers to IO). Need to supply
+    # an offset in this case.
+    if readable.is_a?(Pathname)
+      read_fiber = Fiber.new do
+        offset = 0
+        while str = readable.read(LocalFileChunkSize, offset)
+          Fiber.yield str
+          offset += LocalFileChunkSize
+        end
+        nil
+      end
+    else
+      read_fiber = Fiber.new do
+        while str = readable.read(LocalFileChunkSize)
+          Fiber.yield str
+        end
+        nil
+      end
+    end
+
+    parse_packets FiberStream.new(read_fiber)
+  end
+
+  def fetch_using_file_open
+    return @content_length = File.size?(@uri) if @property == :content_length
+
+    File.open(@uri) do |s|
+      fetch_using_read(s)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def fetch_using_base64(uri)
+    decoded = begin
+      uri.split(',')[1].unpack("m").first
+    rescue
+      raise CannotParseImage
+    end
+
+    fetch_using_read StringIO.new(decoded)
+  end
+  
+  def parse_packets(stream)
+    @stream = stream
+
+    begin
+      @type = TypeParser.new(@stream).type unless defined?(@type)
+
+      result = case @property
+      when :type
+        @type
+      when :size
+        parse_size
+      when :animated
+        parse_animated
+      end
+
+      if result != nil
+        # extract exif orientation if it was found
+        if @property == :size && result.size == 3
+          @orientation = result.pop
+        else
+          @orientation = 1
+        end
+
+        instance_variable_set("@#{@property}", result)
+      else
+        raise CannotParseImage
+      end
+    rescue FiberError
+      raise CannotParseImage
+    end
+  end
+
+  def parser_class
+    klass = Parsers[@type]
+    raise UnknownImageType unless klass
+    klass
+  end
+
+  def parse_size
+    parser_class.new(@stream).dimensions
+  end
+
+  def parse_animated
+    parser_class.new(@stream).animated?
+  end
+end

data/lib/fastimage/fastimage_parsing/avif.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+module FastImageParsing
+  class Avif < ImageBase # :nodoc:  
+    def dimensions
+      bmff = IsoBmff.new(@stream)
+      [bmff.width, bmff.height]
+    end
+  
+    def animated?
+      @stream.peek(12)[4..-1] == "ftypavis"
+    end
+  end
+end