erubis-bmp 2.7.0.bmp

data/doc/users-guide.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,3631 @@
+.=title:	Erubis Users' Guide
+.#.?version:	$Release$
+.#.?release:	$Release$
+.#.?lastupdate:	$Date$
+.?stylesheet:	docstyle.css
+
+release: $Release$
+
+
+
+.$ Preface		| preface*
+
+Erubis is an implementation of eRuby.
+It has the following features.
+.* Very fast, almost three times faster than ERB and about ten percent faster than eruby (implemented in C)
+.* File caching of converted Ruby script support
+.* Auto escaping support
+.* Auto trimming spaces around '<% %>'
+.* Embedded pattern changeable (default '<% %>')
+.* Enable to handle Processing Instructions (PI) as embedded pattern (ex. '<?rb ... ?>')
+.* Multi-language support (Ruby/PHP/C/Java/Scheme/Perl/Javascript)
+.* Context object available and easy to combine eRuby template with YAML datafile
+.* Print statement available
+.* Easy to expand and customize in subclass
+.* {{<Ruby on Rails support|#rails>}}
+.* mod_ruby support|#topcs-modruby
+.#.* {{<Very fast|#topics-benchmark>}}, almost three times faster than ERB and about ten percent faster than eruby (implemented in C)
+.#.* {{<File caching of converted Ruby script support|#topics-caching>}}
+.#.* {{<Auto escaping support|#tut-escape>}}
+.#.* {{<Auto trimming spaces around '<% %>'|#tut-trim>}}
+.#.* {{<Embedded pattern changeable|#tut-pattern>}} (default '<% %>')
+.#.* {{<Enable to handle Processing Instructions (PI) as embedded pattern|#tut-pi>}} (ex. '<?rb ... ?>')
+.#.* {{<Multi-language support|#lang>}} (Ruby/PHP/C/Java/Scheme/Perl/Javascript)
+.#.* {{<Context object available|#tut-context>}} and {{<easy to combine eRuby template with YAML datafile|#tut-datafile>}}
+.#.* {{<Print statement available|#printenabled-enhancer>}}
+.#.* {{<Easy to expand and customize in subclass|#enhancer>}}
+.#.* {{<Ruby on Rails support|#topics-rails>}}
+.#.* {{<mod_ruby support|#topcs-modruby>}}
+
+Erubis is implemented in pure Ruby.  It requires Ruby 1.8 or higher.
+Erubis now supports Ruby 1.9.
+
+
+
+.$$ Table of Contents	| toc*
+
+.<<< users-guide.toc
+
+
+
+.$ Installation		| install
+
+.* If you have installed RubyGems, just type {{,gem install --remote erubis,}}.
+	.====================
+	$ sudo gem install --remote erubis
+	.====================
+
+.* Else install {{<abstract|http://rubyforge.org/projects/erubis/>}} at first,
+   and download erubis_X.X.X.tar.bz2 and install it by setup.rb.
+	.====================
+	$ tar xjf abstract_X.X.X.tar.bz2
+	$ cd abstract_X.X.X/
+	$ sudo ruby setup.rb
+	$ cd ..
+	$ tar xjf erubis_X.X.X.tar.bz2
+	$ cd erubis_X.X.X/
+	$ sudo ruby setup.rb
+	.====================
+
+.#.* Or if you can be root user, download erubis_X.X.X.tar.bz2 and install by setup.rb.
+.#	.====================
+.#	$ tar xjf erubis-X.X.X.tar.bz2
+.#	$ cd erubis_X.X.X/
+.#	$ ruby setup.rb
+.#	.#$ ruby setup.rb config
+.#	.#$ ruby setup.rb setup
+.#	.#$ sudo ruby setup.rb install
+.#	.====================
+.#
+.#.* Else you should copy 'lib/erubis.rb', 'lib/erubis/', and 'bin/erubis' into proper directory manually.
+.#	.====================
+.#	$ tar xjf erubis-X.X.X.tar.bz2
+.#	$ cd erubis_X.X.X/
+.#	$ cp -r lib/erubis.rb lib/erubis /usr/local/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8
+.#	$ cp bin/erubis /usr/local/bin
+.#	.====================
+
+.* (Optional) 'contrib/inline-require' enables you to merge 'lib/**/*.rb' into 'bin/erubis'.
+	.====================
+	$ tar xjf erubis_X.X.X.tar.bz2
+	$ cd erubis_X.X.X/
+	$ unset RUBYLIB
+	$ contrib/inline-require -I lib bin/erubis > contrib/erubis
+	.====================
+
+
+
+.$ Tutorial		| tutorial
+
+
+
+.$$ Basic Example	| tut-basic
+
+Here is a basic example of Erubis.
+
+.? example1.eruby
+.-------------------- example1.eruby
+<ul>
+  {{*<% for item in list %>*}}
+  <li>{{*<%= item %>*}}</li>
+  {{*<% end %>*}}
+  {{*<%# here is ignored because starting with '#' %>*}}
+</ul>
+.--------------------
+
+.? example1.rb
+.-------------------- example1.rb
+require 'erubis'
+input = File.read('example1.eruby')
+eruby = {{*Erubis::Eruby.new(input)*}}    # create Eruby object
+
+puts "---------- script source ---"
+puts {{*eruby.src*}}                      # print script source
+
+puts "---------- result ----------"
+list = ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc']
+puts {{*eruby.result(binding())*}}        # get result
+## or puts eruby.result({{*:list=>list*}})  # or pass Hash instead of Binding
+
+## # or
+## eruby = Erubis::Eruby.new
+## input = File.read('example1.eruby')
+## src = eruby.convert(input)
+## eval src
+.--------------------
+
+.? output
+.==================== example1.result
+$ ruby example1.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby example1.rb)
+---------- script source ---
+_buf = ''; _buf << '<ul>
+';   for item in list 
+ _buf << '  <li>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</li>
+';   end 
+
+ _buf << '</ul>
+';
+_buf.to_s
+---------- result ----------
+<ul>
+  <li>aaa</li>
+  <li>bbb</li>
+  <li>ccc</li>
+</ul>
+.====================
+
+Erubis has command 'erubis'.  Command-line option '-x' shows the compiled source code of eRuby script.
+
+.? example of command-line option '-x'
+.==================== example1_x.result
+$ erubis {{*-x*}} example1.eruby
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -x example1.eruby)
+_buf = ''; _buf << '<ul>
+';   for item in list 
+ _buf << '  <li>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</li>
+';   end 
+
+ _buf << '</ul>
+';
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+
+
+.$$ Trimming Spaces	| tut-trim
+
+Erubis deletes spaces around '<% %>' automatically, while it leaves spaces around '<%= %>'.
+
+.? example2.eruby
+.-------------------- example2.eruby.comment_filter
+<ul>
+  <% for item in list %>      # trimmed
+  <li>
+    <%= item %>               # not trimmed
+  </li>
+  <% end %>                   # trimmed
+</ul>
+.--------------------
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== example2_x.result
+$ erubis -x example2.eruby
+.#.<<<:! (ruby -pi.bak -e 'sub! /\s*\#.*$/, ""' guide.d/example2.eruby; erubis -x guide.d/example2.eruby)
+_buf = ''; _buf << '<ul>
+';   for item in list 
+ _buf << '  <li>
+    '; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '
+'; _buf << '  </li>
+';   end 
+ _buf << '</ul>
+';
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+If you want leave spaces around '<% %>', add command-line property '--trim=false'.
+
+.? compiled source code with command-line property '--trim=false'
+.==================== example2_trim.result
+$ erubis -x {{*--trim=false*}} example2.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -x --trim=false guide.d/example2.eruby
+_buf = ''; _buf << '<ul>
+'; _buf << '  '; for item in list ; _buf << '
+'; _buf << '  <li>
+    '; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '
+'; _buf << '  </li>
+'; _buf << '  '; end ; _buf << '
+'; _buf << '</ul>
+';
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+Or add option {{,:trim=>false,}} to Erubis::Eruby.new().
+
+.? example2.rb
+.-------------------- example2.rb
+require 'erubis'
+input = File.read('example2.eruby')
+eruby = Erubis::Eruby.new(input{{*, :trim=>false*}})
+
+puts "----- script source ---"
+puts eruby.src                            # print script source
+
+puts "----- result ----------"
+list = ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc']
+puts eruby.result(binding())              # get result
+.--------------------
+
+.? output
+.==================== example2.result
+$ ruby example2.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby example2.rb)
+----- script source ---
+_buf = ''; _buf << '<ul>
+'; {{*_buf << '  ';*}} for item in list ; _buf << '
+'; _buf << '  <li>
+    '; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '
+'; _buf << '  </li>
+'; {{*_buf << '  ';*}} end ; _buf << '
+'; _buf << '</ul>
+';
+_buf.to_s
+----- result ----------
+<ul>
+  
+  <li>
+    aaa
+  </li>
+  
+  <li>
+    bbb
+  </li>
+  
+  <li>
+    ccc
+  </li>
+  
+</ul>
+.====================
+
+
+
+.$$ Escape		| tut-escape
+
+Erubis has ability to escape (sanitize) expression.
+Erubis::Eruby class act as the following:
+.* {{,<%= {{/expr/}} %>,}} -  not escaped.
+.* {{,<%== {{/expr/}} %>,}} - escaped.
+.* {{,<%=== {{/expr/}} %>,}} - out to $stderr.
+.* {{,<%==== {{/expr/}} %>,}} - ignored.
+
+Erubis::EscapedEruby{{(Erubis::EscapedEruby class includes Erubis::EscapeEnhancer which swtches the action of '<%= %>' and '<%== %>'.)}} class handle '<%= %>' as escaped and '<%== %>' as not escaped.
+It means that using Erubis::EscapedEruby you can escape expression by default.
+Also Erubis::XmlEruby class (which is equivalent to Erubis::EscapedEruby) is provided for compatibility with Erubis 1.1.
+
+.? example3.eruby
+.-------------------- example3.eruby
+<% for item in list %>
+  <p>{{*<%=*}} item {{*%>*}}</p>
+  <p>{{*<%==*}} item {{*%>*}}</p>
+  <p>{{*<%===*}} item {{*%>*}}</p>
+
+<% end %>
+.--------------------
+
+.? example3.rb
+.-------------------- example3.rb
+require 'erubis'
+input = File.read('example3.eruby')
+eruby = Erubis::{{*EscapedEruby*}}.new(input)    # or Erubis::XmlEruby
+
+puts "----- script source ---"
+puts eruby.src                             # print script source
+
+puts "----- result ----------"
+{{*list = ['<aaa>', 'b&b', '"ccc"']*}}
+puts eruby.result(binding())               # get result
+.--------------------
+
+.? output
+.==================== example3.result.split_filter
+$ ruby example3.rb 2> stderr.log
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby example3.rb  2> stderr.log)  | ruby -pe 'sub! /_buf << [E(].*?;|\$stderr.*?;/, "{{*\\&*}}"'
+----- script source ---
+_buf = ''; for item in list 
+ _buf << '  <p>'; {{*_buf << Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item )*}}; _buf << '</p>
+  <p>'; {{*_buf << ( item ).to_s*}}; _buf << '</p>
+  <p>'; {{*$stderr.puts("*** debug: item=#{(item).inspect}")*}}; _buf << '</p>
+
+'; end 
+_buf.to_s
+----- result ----------
+  <p>{{*&lt;aaa&gt;*}}</p>
+  <p><aaa></p>
+  <p></p>
+
+  <p>{{*b&amp;b*}}</p>
+  <p>b&b</p>
+  <p></p>
+
+  <p>{{*&quot;ccc&quot;*}}</p>
+  <p>"ccc"</p>
+  <p></p>
+
+$ cat stderr.log
+.#.<<<: guide.d/stderr.log
+*** debug: item="<aaa>"
+*** debug: item="b&b"
+*** debug: item="\"ccc\""
+.====================
+
+The command-line option '-e' will do the same action as Erubis::EscapedEruby.
+This option is available for any language.
+.#{{(Command-line option '-e' is equivarent to '-E Escape'.)}}
+
+.==================== example3_e.result
+$ erubis -l ruby {{*-e*}} example3.eruby
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -e -l ruby example3.eruby)
+_buf = ''; for item in list 
+ _buf << '  <p>'; _buf << Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item ); _buf << '</p>
+  <p>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</p>
+  <p>'; $stderr.puts("*** debug: item=#{(item).inspect}"); _buf << '</p>
+
+'; end 
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+Escaping function (default 'Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml()') can be changed by command-line property '--escapefunc=xxx' or by overriding Erubis::Eruby#escaped_expr() in subclass.
+
+.? example to override Erubis::Eruby#escaped_expr()
+.--------------------
+class CGIEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+  def {{*escaped_expr(code)*}}
+    return "CGI.escapeHTML((#{code.strip}).to_s)"
+    #return "h(#{code.strip})"
+  end
+end
+
+class LatexEruby < Erubi::Eruby
+  def {{*escaped_expr(code)*}}
+    return "(#{code}).gsub(/[%\\]/,'\\\\\&')"
+  end
+end
+.--------------------
+
+
+
+.$$ Embedded Pattern	| tut-pattern
+
+You can change embedded pattern '{{,<% %>,}}' to another by command-line option '-p' or option '{{,:pattern=>...,}}' of Erubis::Eruby.new().
+
+.? example4.eruby
+.-------------------- example4.eruby
+{{*<!--%*}} for item in list {{*%-->*}}
+  <p>{{*<!--%=*}} item {{*%-->*}}</p>
+{{*<!--%*}} end {{*%-->*}}
+.--------------------
+
+.? compiled source code with command-line option '-p'
+.==================== example4_x.result
+$ erubis -x {{*-p '<!--% %-->'*}} example4.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -x -p '<!--% %-->' guide.d/example4.eruby
+_buf = ''; for item in list 
+ _buf << '  <p>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</p>
+'; end 
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+.? example4.rb
+.-------------------- example4.rb
+require 'erubis'
+input = File.read('example4.eruby')
+eruby = Erubis::Eruby.new(input{{*, :pattern=>'<!--% %-->'*}})
+                                      # or '<(?:!--)?% %(?:--)?>'
+
+puts "---------- script source ---"
+puts eruby.src                            # print script source
+
+puts "---------- result ----------"
+list = ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc']
+puts eruby.result(binding())              # get result
+.--------------------
+
+.? output
+.==================== example4.result
+$ ruby example4.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby example4.rb)
+---------- script source ---
+_buf = ''; for item in list 
+ _buf << '  <p>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</p>
+'; end 
+_buf.to_s
+---------- result ----------
+  <p>aaa</p>
+  <p>bbb</p>
+  <p>ccc</p>
+.====================
+
+It is able to specify regular expression with :pattern option.
+Notice that you must use '{{,(?: ),}}' instead of '{{,( ),}}' for grouping.
+For example, '{{,<(!--)?% %(--)?>,}}' will not work while '{{,<(?:!--)?% %(?:--)?>,}}' will work.
+
+
+
+.$$ Context Object	| tut-context
+
+Context object is a set of data which are used in eRuby script.
+Using context object makes clear which data to be used.
+In Erubis, Hash object and Erubis::Context object are available as context object.
+
+Context data can be accessible via instance variables in eRuby script.
+
+.? example5.eruby
+.-------------------- example5.eruby
+<span><%= {{*@val*}} %></span>
+<ul>
+ <% for item in {{*@list*}} %>
+  <li><%= item %></li>
+ <% end %>
+</ul>
+.--------------------
+
+.? example5.rb
+.-------------------- example5.rb
+require 'erubis'
+input = File.read('example5.eruby')
+eruby = Erubis::Eruby.new(input)      # create Eruby object
+
+## create context object
+## (key means var name, which may be string or symbol.)
+{{*context = {
+  :val   => 'Erubis Example',
+  'list' => ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc'],
+}*}}
+## or
+# context = Erubis::Context.new()
+# context['val'] = 'Erubis Example'
+# context[:list] = ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc'],
+
+puts {{*eruby.evaluate(context)*}}         # get result
+.--------------------
+
+.? output
+.==================== example5.result
+$ ruby example5.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby example5.rb)
+<span>Erubis Example</span>
+<ul>
+  <li>aaa</li>
+  <li>bbb</li>
+  <li>ccc</li>
+</ul>
+.====================
+
+The difference between Erubis#result(binding) and Erubis#evaluate(context) is that the former invokes 'eval @src, binding' and the latter invokes 'context.instance_eval @src'.
+This means that data is passed into eRuby script via local variables when Eruby::binding() is called, or passed via instance variables when Eruby::evaluate() is called.
+
+Here is the definition of Erubis#result() and Erubis#evaluate().
+
+.? definition of result(binding) and evaluate(context)
+.--------------------
+def result(_binding=TOPLEVEL_BINDING)
+  if _binding.is_a?(Hash)
+    # load hash data as local variable
+    _h = _binding
+    _binding = binding()
+    eval _h.collect{|k,v| "#{k} = _h[#{k.inspect}];"}.join, _binding
+  end
+  return {{*eval(@src, _binding)*}}
+end
+
+def evaluate(_context=Erubis::Context.new)
+  if _context.is_a?(Hash)
+    # convert hash object to Context object
+    _hash = _context
+    _context = Erubis::Context.new
+    _hash.each {|k, v| _context[k] = v }
+  end
+  return {{*_context.instance_eval(@src)*}}
+end
+.--------------------
+
+instance_eval() is defined at Object class so it is able to use any object as a context object as well as Hash or Erubis::Context.
+
+.? example6.rb
+.-------------------- example6.rb
+class MyData
+  attr_accessor :val, :list
+end
+
+## any object can be a context object
+{{*mydata = MyData.new*}}
+{{*mydata.val = 'Erubis Example'*}}
+{{*mydata.list = ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc']*}}
+
+require 'erubis'
+eruby = Erubis::Eruby.new(File.read('example5.eruby'))
+puts eruby.evaluate({{*mydata*}})
+.--------------------
+
+.? output
+.==================== example6.result
+$ ruby example6.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby example6.rb)
+<span>Erubis Example</span>
+<ul>
+  <li>aaa</li>
+  <li>bbb</li>
+  <li>ccc</li>
+</ul>
+.====================
+
+
+It is recommended to use 'Erubis::Eruby#evaluate(context)' rather than 'Erubis::Eruby#result(binding())' because the latter has some problems.
+See {{<evaluate(context) v.s. result(binding)|#topics-context-vs-binding>}} section for details.
+
+
+
+.$$ Context Data File	| tut-datafile
+
+Command-line option '-f' specifies context data file.
+Erubis load context data file and use it as context data.
+Context data file can be YAML file ('*.yaml' or '*.yml') or Ruby script ('*.rb').
+.#It is very useful to import YAML document data into Hash context object.
+.#You can specify YAML file as context data file with command-line option '-f'.
+
+.? example7.eruby
+.-------------------- example7.eruby
+<h1><%= {{*@title*}} %></h1>
+<ul>
+ <% for user in {{*@users*}} %>
+  <li>
+    <a href="mailto:<%= user['mail']%>"><%= user['name'] %></a>
+  </li>
+ <% end %>
+</ul>
+.--------------------
+
+.? context.yaml
+.-------------------- context.yaml
+{{*title:*}} Users List
+{{*users:*}}
+  - name:  foo
+    mail:  foo@mail.com
+  - name:  bar
+    mail:  bar@mail.net
+  - name:  baz
+    mail:  baz@mail.org
+.--------------------
+
+.? context.rb
+.-------------------- context.rb
+@title = 'Users List'
+@users = [
+   { 'name'=>'foo', 'mail'=>'foo@mail.com' },
+   { 'name'=>'bar', 'mail'=>'bar@mail.net' },
+   { 'name'=>'baz', 'mail'=>'baz@mail.org' },
+]
+.--------------------
+
+.#.? example7.rb
+.#.-------------------- example7.rb
+.#require 'erubis'
+.#input = File.read('example7.eruby')
+.#eruby = Erubis::Eruby.new(input)      # create Eruby object
+.#
+.### load YAML document as context object
+.#{{*require 'yaml'*}}
+.#{{*context = YAML.load_file('example7.yaml')*}}
+.#
+.#puts {{*eruby.evaluate(context)*}}        # get result
+.#.--------------------
+.#
+.#.? output
+.#.====================
+.#$ ruby example7.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby example7.rb)
+.#.====================
+.#
+.#It is able to specify YAML data file with the command-line option '-f'.
+.#You don't have to write ruby script such as 'example7.rb'.
+
+.? example of command-line option '-f'
+.==================== example7.result.split_filter
+$ erubis {{*-f context.yaml*}} example7.eruby
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -f context.yaml example7.eruby)
+<h1>Users List</h1>
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    <a href="mailto:foo@mail.com">foo</a>
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <a href="mailto:bar@mail.net">bar</a>
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <a href="mailto:baz@mail.org">baz</a>
+  </li>
+</ul>
+$ erubis {{*-f context.rb*}} example7.eruby
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -f context.rb example7.eruby)
+<h1>Users List</h1>
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    <a href="mailto:foo@mail.com">foo</a>
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <a href="mailto:bar@mail.net">bar</a>
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <a href="mailto:baz@mail.org">baz</a>
+  </li>
+</ul>
+.====================
+
+Command-line option '-S' converts keys of mapping in YAML data file from string into symbol.
+Command-line option '-B' invokes 'Erubis::Eruby#result(binding())' instead of 'Erubis::Eruby#evaluate(context)'.
+
+
+
+.$$ Context Data String		| tut-datastr
+
+Command-line option '-c {{/str/}}' enables you to specify context data in command-line.
+{{/str/}} can be YAML flow-style or Ruby code.
+
+.? example8.eruby
+.-------------------- example8.eruby
+<h1><%= @title %></h1>
+<ul>
+<% for item in @list %>
+ <li><%= item %></li>
+<% end %>
+</ul>
+.--------------------
+
+.? example of YAML flow style
+.==================== example8_yaml.result
+$ erubis {{*-c '{title: Example, list: [AAA, BBB, CCC]}'*}} example8.eruby
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -c '{title: Example, list: [AAA, BBB, CCC]}' example8.eruby)
+<h1>Example</h1>
+<ul>
+ <li>AAA</li>
+ <li>BBB</li>
+ <li>CCC</li>
+</ul>
+.====================
+
+.? example of Ruby code
+.==================== example8_ruby.result
+$ erubis {{*-c '@title="Example"; @list=%w[AAA BBB CCC]'*}} example8.eruby
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -c '@title="Example"; @list=%w[AAA BBB CCC]' example8.eruby)
+<h1>Example</h1>
+<ul>
+ <li>AAA</li>
+ <li>BBB</li>
+ <li>CCC</li>
+</ul>
+.====================
+
+
+.$$ Preamble and Postamble   | tut-preamble
+
+The first line ('_buf = '';') in the compiled source code is called preamble
+and the last line ('_buf.to_s') is called postamble.
+
+Command-line option '-b' skips the output of preamble and postamble.
+
+.? example9.eruby
+.-------------------- example9.eruby
+<% for item in @list %>
+ <b><%= item %></b>
+<% end %>
+.--------------------
+
+.? compiled source code with and without command-line option '-b'
+.==================== example9.result.split_filter
+$ erubis -x example9.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -x guide.d/example9.eruby | ruby -pe 'sub! /^_buf.*?(;|$)/, "{{*\\&*}}"'
+{{*_buf = '';*}} for item in @list 
+ _buf << ' <b>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</b>
+'; end 
+{{*_buf.to_s*}}
+$ erubis -x {{*-b*}} example9.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -x -b guide.d/example9.eruby
+ for item in @list 
+ _buf << ' <b>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</b>
+'; end 
+.====================
+
+Erubis::Eruby.new option '{{,:preamble=>false,}}' and '{{,:postamble=>false,}}' also suppress output of preamble or postamle.
+
+.? example9.rb
+.-------------------- example9.rb
+require 'erubis'
+input = File.read('example9.eruby')
+eruby1 = Erubis::Eruby.new(input)
+eruby2 = Erubis::Eruby.new(input, {{*:preamble=>false, :postamble=>false*}})
+
+puts eruby1.src   # print preamble and postamble
+puts "--------------"
+puts eruby2.src   # don't print preamble and postamble
+.--------------------
+
+.? output
+.==================== example9.result
+$ ruby example9.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby example9.rb)
+_buf = ''; for item in @list 
+ _buf << ' <b>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</b>
+'; end 
+_buf.to_s
+--------------
+ for item in @list 
+ _buf << ' <b>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</b>
+'; end 
+.====================
+
+.#The command-line option '-b' specify both :preamble and :postamble to false.
+
+
+
+.$$ Processing Instruction (PI) Converter  | tut-pi
+
+Erubis can parse Processing Instructions (PI) as embedded pattern.
+
+.* '{{,<?rb {{/.../}} ?>,}}' represents Ruby statement.
+.* '{{,@{{{/.../}}}@,}}' represents escaped expression value.
+.* '{{,@!{{{/.../}}}@,}}' represents normal expression value.
+.* '{{,@!!{{{/.../}}}@,}}' prints expression value to standard output.
+.* (experimental) '{{,<%= {{/.../}} %>,}}' is also available to print expression value.
+
+This is more useful than basic embedded pattern ('{{,<% ... >,}}') because PI doesn't break XML or HTML at all.
+For example the following XHTML file is well-formed and HTML validator got no errors on this example.
+
+.? example10.xhtml
+.-------------------- example10.xhtml
+<?xml version="1.0" ?>
+{{*<?rb
+  lang = 'en'
+  list = ['<aaa>', 'b&b', '"ccc"']
+?>*}}
+<html lang="{{*@!{lang}@*}}">
+ <body>
+  <ul>
+  {{*<?rb for item in list ?>*}}
+   <li>{{*@{item}@*}}</li>
+  {{*<?rb end ?>*}}
+  </ul>
+ </body>
+</html>
+.--------------------
+
+If the command-line property '--pi={{/name/}}' is specified, erubis command parses input with PI converter.
+If {{/name/}} is omitted then the following name is used according to '-l {{/lang/}}'.
+
+.? mapping of '-l' option and PI name
+.+--------------------
+ '-l' option ., PI name
+.--------------------
+-l ruby  .,  <?rb ... ?>
+-l php   .,  <?php ... ?>
+-l perl  .,  <?perl ... ?>
+-l java  .,  <?java ... ?>
+-l javascript ., <?js ... ?>
+-l scheme ., <?scheme ... ?>
+.+--------------------
+
+.? output
+.==================== example10_x.result
+$ erubis -x {{*--pi*}} example10.xhtml
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -x --pi example10.xhtml)
+_buf = ''; _buf << '<?xml version="1.0" ?>
+';
+  lang = 'en'
+  list = ['<aaa>', 'b&b', '"ccc"']
+
+ _buf << '<html lang="'; _buf << (lang).to_s; _buf << '">
+ <body>
+  <ul>
+';   for item in list 
+ _buf << '   <li>'; _buf << Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml(item); _buf << '</li>
+';   end 
+ _buf << '  </ul>
+ </body>
+</html>
+';
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+Expression character can be changeable by command-line property '--embchar={{/char/}}. Default is '{{,@,}}'.
+
+Use Erubis::PI::Eruby instead of Erubis::Eruby if you want to use PI as embedded pattern.
+
+.? example10.rb
+.-------------------- example10.rb
+require 'erubis'
+input = File.read('example10.xhtml')
+eruby = Erubis::PI::Eruby.new(input)
+print eruby.src
+.--------------------
+
+.? output
+.==================== example10.result
+$ ruby example10.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby example10.rb)
+_buf = ''; _buf << '<?xml version="1.0" ?>
+';
+  lang = 'en'
+  list = ['<aaa>', 'b&b', '"ccc"']
+
+ _buf << '<html lang="'; _buf << (lang).to_s; _buf << '">
+ <body>
+  <ul>
+';   for item in list 
+ _buf << '   <li>'; _buf << Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml(item); _buf << '</li>
+';   end 
+ _buf << '  </ul>
+ </body>
+</html>
+';
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+
+{{*(experimental)*}} Erubis supports '<%= ... %>' pattern with PI pattern.
+.#It is useful if you are Rails user to write helper methods which contains '}' character.
+
+.? example of Rails view template
+.--------------------
+<table>
+  <tr>
+<?rb for item in @list ?>
+    <td>@{item.id}@</td>
+    <td>@{item.name}@</td>
+    <td>
+       {{*<%=*}} link_to 'Destroy', {:action=>'destroy', :id=>item.id},
+                       :confirm=>'Are you OK?' {{*%>*}}
+    </td>
+<?rb end ?>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+.--------------------
+
+
+
+.$$ Retrieve Ruby Code		| tut-notext
+
+Similar to '-x', ommand-line option '-X' shows converted Ruby source code.
+The difference between '-x' and 'X' is that the former converts text part but the latter ignores it.
+It means that you can retrieve Ruby code from eRuby script by '-X' option.
+
+.#Command 'notext' is a utility to extract only program code from eRuby/PHP/ePerl script.
+.#It is an application of NoTextEnhancer.
+
+For example, see the following eRuby script.
+This is some complex, so it is difficult to grasp the program code.
+
+.? example11.rhtml
+.-------------------- example11.rhtml
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+          "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+  <body>
+    <h3>List</h3>
+    <% if @list.nil? || @list.empty? %>
+    <p>not found.</p>
+    <% else %>
+    <table>
+      <tbody>
+        <% @list.each_with_index do |item, i| %>
+        <tr bgcolor="<%= i % 2 == 0 ? '#FCC' : '#CCF' %>">
+          <td><%= item %></td>
+        </tr>
+        <% end %>
+      </tbody>
+    </table>
+    <% end %>
+  </body>
+</html>
+.--------------------
+
+Command-line option '-X' extracts only the ruby code from eRuby script.
+
+.? result
+.==================== example11.result
+$ erubis {{*-X*}} example11.rhtml
+_buf = '';
+
+
+
+
+
+     if @list.nil? || @list.empty? 
+
+     else 
+
+
+         @list.each_with_index do |item, i| 
+                      _buf << ( i % 2 == 0 ? '#FCC' : '#CCF' ).to_s;
+               _buf << ( item ).to_s;
+
+         end 
+
+
+     end 
+
+
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+Command-line option '-C' ({{*c*}}mpact) deletes empty lines.
+
+.? result
+.==================== example11_C.result
+$ erubis {{*-XC*}} example11.rhtml
+_buf = '';
+     if @list.nil? || @list.empty? 
+     else 
+         @list.each_with_index do |item, i| 
+                      _buf << ( i % 2 == 0 ? '#FCC' : '#CCF' ).to_s;
+               _buf << ( item ).to_s;
+         end 
+     end 
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+Option '-U' ({{*u*}}nique) converts empty lines into a line.
+
+.? result
+.==================== example11_U.result
+$ erubis {{*-XU*}} example11.rhtml
+_buf = '';
+
+     if @list.nil? || @list.empty? 
+
+     else 
+
+         @list.each_with_index do |item, i| 
+                      _buf << ( i % 2 == 0 ? '#FCC' : '#CCF' ).to_s;
+               _buf << ( item ).to_s;
+
+         end 
+
+     end 
+
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+Option '-N' ({{*n*}}umber) adds line number.
+It is available with '-C' or '-U'.
+
+.? result
+.==================== example11_N.result
+$ erubis {{*-XNU*}} example11.rhtml
+    1:  _buf = '';
+
+    7:       if @list.nil? || @list.empty? 
+
+    9:       else 
+
+   12:           @list.each_with_index do |item, i| 
+   13:                        _buf << ( i % 2 == 0 ? '#FCC' : '#CCF' ).to_s;
+   14:                 _buf << ( item ).to_s;
+
+   16:           end 
+
+   19:       end 
+
+   22:  _buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+Command-line option '-X' is available with PHP script.
+.#Language is automatically detected by suffix of filename.
+.#And you can specify language with option '-l' ({{*l*}}anguage).
+
+.? example11.php
+.-------------------- example11.php
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<html>
+  <body>
+    <h3>List</h3>
+    <?php if (!$list) { ?>
+    <p>not found.</p>
+    <?php } else { ?>
+    <table>
+      <tbody>
+        <?php $i = 0; ?>
+        <?php foreach ($list as $item) { ?>
+        <tr bgcolor="<?php echo ++$i % 2 == 1 ? '#FCC' : '#CCF'; ?>">
+          <td><?php echo $item; ?></td>
+        </tr>
+        <?php } ?>
+      </tbody>
+    </table>
+    <?php } ?>
+  </body>
+</html>
+.--------------------
+
+.? result
+.==================== example11_php.result
+$ erubis -XNU {{*-l php*}} {{*--pi=php*}} --trim=false example11.php
+
+    5:      <?php if (!$list) { ?>
+
+    7:      <?php } else { ?>
+
+   10:          <?php $i = 0; ?>
+   11:          <?php foreach ($list as $item) { ?>
+   12:                       <?php echo ++$i % 2 == 1 ? '#FCC' : '#CCF'; ?>
+   13:                <?php echo $item; ?>
+
+   15:          <?php } ?>
+
+   18:      <?php } ?>
+
+.====================
+
+.#
+.#.? example11.eperl
+.#.-------------------- example11.eperl
+.#<?xml version="1.0"?>
+.#<html>
+.#  <body>
+.#    <h3>List</h3>
+.#    <? if (!@list) { !>
+.#    <p>not found.</p>
+.#    <? } else { !>
+.#    <table>
+.#      <tbody>
+.#        <? $i = 0; !>
+.#        <? foreach ($item in @list) { !>
+.#        <tr bgcolor="<?= ++$i % 2 == 1 ? '#FCC' : '#CCF' !>">
+.#          <td><?= $item !></td>
+.#        </tr>
+.#        <? } !>
+.#      </tbody>
+.#    </table>
+.#    <? } !>
+.#  </body>
+.#</html>
+.#.chomp
+.#.--------------------
+.#
+.#.? result
+.#.==================== example11_eperl.result
+.#$ erubis -XNU -l perl example11.eperl
+.#  1: use HTML::Entities; 
+.#
+.#  5:      if (!@list) { 
+.#
+.#  7:      } else { 
+.#
+.# 10:          $i = 0; 
+.# 11:          foreach ($item in @list) { 
+.# 12:                      print(++$i % 2 == 1 ? '#FCC' : '#CCF'); 
+.# 13:               print($item); 
+.#
+.# 15:          } 
+.#
+.# 18:      } 
+.#
+.#.====================
+.#
+
+
+
+.$ Enhancer		| enhancer
+
+Enhancer is a module to add a certain feature into Erubis::Eruby class.
+Enhancer may be language-independent or only for Erubis::Eruby class.
+
+To use enhancers, define subclass and include them.
+The folloing is an example to use {{<EscapeEnhancer|#escape-enhancer>}}, {{<PercentLineEnhancer|#percentline-enhancer>}}, and {{<BiPatternEnhancer|#bipattern-enhancer>}}.
+
+.--------------------
+class MyEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+  include EscapeEnhancer
+  include PercentLineEnhancer
+  include BiPatternEnhancer
+end
+.--------------------
+
+You can specify enhancers in command-line with option '-E'.
+The following is an example to use some enhancers in command-line.
+.====================
+$ erubis -xE Escape,PercentLine,BiPattern example.eruby
+.====================
+
+The following is the list of enhancers.
+
+.: {{<EscapeEnhander|#escape-enhancer>}} (language-independent)
+	Switch '<%= %>' to escaped and '<%== %>' to unescaped.
+.: {{<StdoutEnhancer|#stdout-enhancer>}} (only for Eruby)
+	Use $stdout instead of array buffer.
+.: {{<PrintOutEnhancer|#printout-enhancer>}} (only for Eruby)
+	Use "print(...)" statement insead of "_buf << ...".
+.: {{<PrintEnabledEnhancer|#printenabled-enhancer>}} (only for Eruby)
+	Enable to use print() in '<% ... %>'.
+.: {{<ArrayEnhancer|#array-enhancer>}} (only for Eruby)
+	Return array of string instead of returning string.
+.: {{<ArrayBufferEnhancer|#arraybuffer-enhancer>}} (only for Eruby)
+	Use array buffer. It is a little slower than StringBufferEnhancer.
+.: {{<StringBufferEnhancer|#stringbuffer-enhancer>}} (only for Eruby)
+	Use string buffer. This is included in Erubis::Eruby by default.
+.: {{<ErboutEnhancer|#erbout-enhancer>}} (only for Eruby)
+	Set '_erbout = _buf = "";' to be compatible with ERB.
+.: {{<NoTextEnhancer|#notext-enhancer>}} (language-independent)
+	Print embedded code only and ignore normal text.
+.: {{<NoCodeEnhancer|#nocode-enhancer>}} (language-independent)
+	Print normal text only and ignore code.
+.: {{<SimplifyEnhancer|#simplify-enhancer>}} (language-independent)
+	Make compile faster but don't trim spaces around '<% %>'.
+.: {{<BiPatternEnhancer|#bipattern-enhancer>}} (language-independent)
+	[experimental] Enable to use another embedded pattern with '<% %>'.
+.: {{<PercentLineEnhancer|#percentline-enhancer>}} (language-independent)
+	Regard lines starting with '%' as Ruby code. This is for compatibility with eruby and ERB.
+.: {{<HeaderFooterEnhancer|#headerfooter-enhancer>}} (language-independent)
+	[experimental] Enable you to add header and footer in eRuby script.
+.: {{<InterpolationEnhancer|#interpolation-enhancer>}} (only for Eruby)
+	[experimental] convert '<p><%= text %></p>' into '_buf << %Q`<p>#{text}</p>`'.
+.: {{<DeleteIndentEnhancer|#deleteindent-enhancer>}} (language-independent)
+	[experimental] delete indentation of HTML file and eliminate page size.
+
+
+If you required 'erubis/engine/enhanced', Eruby subclasses which include each enhancers are defined.
+For example, class BiPatternEruby includes BiPatternEnhancer.
+
+.#The following eRuby script ('example.rhtml') is used in the sections.
+.#
+.#.? example.rhtml
+.#.-------------------- example.rhtml
+.#<% for item in list %>
+.#  <b><%= item %></b>
+.#  <b><%== item %></b>
+.#<% end %>
+.#.--------------------
+
+
+
+.$$ EscapeEnhancer	| escape-enhancer
+
+EscapeEnhancer switches '<%= ... %>' to escaped and '<%== ... %>' to unescaped.
+
+.? example.eruby
+.-------------------- example.eruby
+<div>
+<% for item in list %>
+  <p><%= item %></p>
+  <p><%== item %></p>
+<% end %>
+</div>
+.--------------------
+
+.#.? escape-example.rb
+.#.-------------------- escape-example.rb
+.#require 'erubis'
+.#class EscapedEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+.#  include Erubis::EscapeEnhancer
+.#end
+.#eruby = EscapedEruby.new(File.read('example.eruby'))
+.#print eruby.src
+.#.--------------------
+.#
+.#.? compiled source code
+.#.====================
+.#$ ruby escape-example.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby escape-example.rb)
+.#.====================
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== escape_example.result
+$ erubis -xE Escape example.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -xE Escape guide.d/example.eruby | ruby -pe 'sub! /_buf << [E(].*?;/, "{{*\\&*}}"'
+_buf = ''; _buf << '<div>
+'; for item in list 
+ _buf << '  <p>'; {{*_buf << Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item );*}} _buf << '</p>
+  <p>'; {{*_buf << ( item ).to_s;*}} _buf << '</p>
+'; end 
+ _buf << '</div>
+';
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+EscapeEnhancer is language-independent.
+
+
+
+.$$ StdoutEnhancer	| stdout-enhancer
+
+StdoutEnhancer use $sdtdout instead of array buffer.
+Therefore, you can use 'print' statement in embedded ruby code.
+
+.#.? stdout-example.rb
+.#.-------------------- stdout-example.rb
+.#require 'erubis'
+.#class StdoutEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+.#  include Erubis::StdoutEnhancer
+.#end
+.#eruby = StdoutEruby.new(File.read('example.eruby'))
+.#print eruby.src
+.#.--------------------
+.#
+.#.? compiled source code
+.#.====================
+.#$ ruby stdout-example.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby stdout-example.rb)
+.#.====================
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== stdout_exmple.result
+$ erubis -xE Stdout example.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -xE Stdout guide.d/example.eruby | ruby -pe 'sub! /^_buf = .*;/, "{{*\\&*}}"'
+{{*_buf = $stdout;*}} _buf << '<div>
+'; for item in list 
+ _buf << '  <p>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</p>
+  <p>'; _buf << Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item ); _buf << '</p>
+'; end 
+ _buf << '</div>
+';
+{{*''*}}
+.====================
+
+StdoutEnhancer is only for Eruby.
+
+
+
+.$$ PrintOutEnhancer	| printout-enhancer
+
+PrintOutEnhancer makes compiled source code to use 'print(...)' instead of '_buf << ...'.
+
+.#.? printstatement-example.rb
+.#.-------------------- printstatement-example.rb
+.#require 'erubis'
+.#class PrintOutEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+.#  include Erubis::PrintOutEnhancer
+.#end
+.#eruby = PrintOutEruby.new(File.read('example.eruby'))
+.#print eruby.src
+.#.--------------------
+.#
+.#.? compiled source code
+.#.====================
+.#$ ruby printstatement-example.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby printstatement-example.rb)
+.#.====================
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== printstatement_example.result
+$ erubis -xE PrintOut example.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -xE PrintOut guide.d/example.eruby | ruby -pe 'gsub! /print/, "{{*\\&*}}"'
+ {{*print*}} '<div>
+'; for item in list 
+ {{*print*}} '  <p>'; {{*print*}}(( item ).to_s); {{*print*}} '</p>
+  <p>'; {{*print*}} Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item ); {{*print*}} '</p>
+'; end 
+ {{*print*}} '</div>
+';
+.====================
+
+PrintOutEnhancer is only for Eruby.
+
+
+
+.$$ PrintEnabledEnhancer	| printenabled-enhancer
+
+PrintEnabledEnhancer enables you to use print() method in '<% ... %>'.
+
+.? printenabled-example.eruby
+.-------------------- printenabled-example.eruby
+<% for item in @list %>
+  <b>{{*<% print item %>*}}</b>
+<% end %>
+.--------------------
+
+.? printenabled-example.rb
+.-------------------- printenabled-example.rb
+require 'erubis'
+class PrintEnabledEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+  include Erubis::PrintEnabledEnhancer
+end
+input = File.read('printenabled-example.eruby')
+eruby = PrintEnabledEruby.new(input)
+list = ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc']
+print eruby.evaluate(:list=>list)
+.--------------------
+
+.? output result
+.==================== printenable_example.result
+$ ruby printenabled-example.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby printenabled-example.rb)
+  <b>aaa</b>
+  <b>bbb</b>
+  <b>ccc</b>
+.====================
+
+Notice to use Eruby#evaluate() and not to use Eruby#result(),
+because print() method in '<% ... %>' invokes not Kernel#print() but PrintEnabledEnhancer#print().
+
+PrintEnabledEnhancer is only for Eruby.
+
+
+
+.$$ ArrayEnhancer	| array-enhancer
+
+ArrayEnhancer makes Eruby to return an array of strings.
+
+.#.? array-example.rb
+.#.-------------------- array-example.rb
+.#require 'erubis'
+.#class ArrayEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+.#  include Erubis::ArrayEnhancer
+.#end
+.#eruby = ArrayEruby.new(File.read('example.eruby'))
+.#print eruby.src
+.#.--------------------
+.#
+.#.? compiled source code
+.#.====================
+.#$ ruby array-example.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby array-example.rb)
+.#.====================
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== array_example.result
+$ erubis -xE Array example.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -xE Array guide.d/example.eruby | ruby -pe 'sub! /^_buf( = \[\];)?/, "{{*\\&*}}"'
+{{*_buf = [];*}} _buf << '<div>
+'; for item in list 
+ _buf << '  <p>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</p>
+  <p>'; _buf << Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item ); _buf << '</p>
+'; end 
+ _buf << '</div>
+';
+{{*_buf*}}
+.====================
+
+ArrayEnhancer is only for Eruby.
+
+
+
+.$$ ArrayBufferEnhancer	| arraybuffer-enhancer
+
+ArrayBufferEnhancer makes Eruby to use array buffer.
+Array buffer is a litte slower than String buffer.
+
+ArrayBufferEnhancer is only for Eruby.
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== arraybuffer_example.result
+$ erubis -xE ArrayBuffer example.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -xE ArrayBuffer guide.d/example.eruby | ruby -pe 'sub!(/^_buf( = .*?;|\.join)?/,"{{*\\&*}}")'
+{{*_buf = [];*}} _buf << '<div>
+'; for item in list 
+ _buf << '  <p>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</p>
+  <p>'; _buf << Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item ); _buf << '</p>
+'; end 
+ _buf << '</div>
+';
+{{*_buf.join*}}
+.====================
+
+
+
+.$$ StringBufferEnhancer | stringbuffer-enhancer
+
+StringBufferEnhancer makes Eruby to use string buffer.
+String buffer is a little faster than array buffer.
+Erubis::Eruby includes this enhancer by default.
+
+
+.#.? stringbuffer-example.rb
+.#.-------------------- stringbuffer-example.rb
+.#require 'erubis'
+.#class StringBufferEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+.#  include Erubis::StringBufferEnhancer
+.#end
+.#eruby = StringBufferEruby.new(File.read('example.eruby'))
+.#print eruby.src
+.#.--------------------
+.#
+.#.? compiled source code
+.#.====================
+.#$ ruby stringbuffer-example.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby stringbuffer-example.rb)
+.#.====================
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== stringbuffer_example.result
+$ erubis -xE StringBuffer example.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -xE StringBuffer guide.d/example.eruby | ruby -pe 'sub!(/^_buf( = .*?;)?/,"{{*\\&*}}")'
+{{*_buf = '';*}} _buf << '<div>
+'; for item in list 
+ _buf << '  <p>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</p>
+  <p>'; _buf << Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item ); _buf << '</p>
+'; end 
+ _buf << '</div>
+';
+{{*_buf.to_s*}}
+.====================
+
+
+StringBufferEnhancer is only for Eruby.
+
+
+
+.$$ ErboutEnhancer | erbout-enhancer
+
+ErboutEnhancer makes Eruby to be compatible with ERB.
+This is useful especially for Ruby on Rails.
+
+.#.? erbout-example.rb
+.#.-------------------- erbout-example.rb
+.#require 'erubis'
+.#class ErboutEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+.#  include Erubis::ErboutEnhancer
+.#end
+.#eruby = ErboutEruby.new(File.read('example.eruby'))
+.#print eruby.src
+.#.--------------------
+.#
+.#.? compiled source code
+.#.====================
+.#$ ruby erbout-example.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby erbout-example.rb)
+.#.====================
+
+.? compiled source code
+.====================
+$ erubis -xE Erbout example.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -xE Erbout guide.d/example.eruby | ruby -pe 'sub! /^_erbout = _buf = .*?;/,"{{*\\&*}}"'
+{{*_erbout = _buf = '';*}} _buf << '<div>
+'; for item in list 
+ _buf << '  <p>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</p>
+  <p>'; _buf << Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item ); _buf << '</p>
+'; end 
+ _buf << '</div>
+';
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+
+ErboutEnhancer is only for Eruby.
+
+
+
+.$$ NoTextEnhancer	| notext-enhancer
+
+NoTextEnhancer suppress output of text and prints only embedded code.
+This is useful especially when debugging a complex eRuby script.
+
+.? notext-example.eruby
+.-------------------- notext-example.eruby
+<h3>List</h3>
+<% if !@list || @list.empty? %>
+<p>not found.</p>
+<% else %>
+<table>
+  <tbody>
+    <% @list.each_with_index do |item, i| %>
+    <tr bgcolor="<%= i%2 == 0 ? '#FFCCCC' : '#CCCCFF' %>">
+      <td><%= item %></td>
+    </tr>
+    <% end %>
+  </tbody>
+</table>
+<% end %>
+.--------------------
+
+.? output example of NoTextEnhancer
+.==================== notext_example.result
+$ erubis -xE NoText notext-example.eruby
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -xE NoText notext-example.eruby)
+_buf = '';
+ if !@list || @list.empty? 
+
+ else 
+
+
+     @list.each_with_index do |item, i| 
+                  _buf << ( i%2 == 0 ? '#FFCCCC' : '#CCCCFF' ).to_s;
+           _buf << ( item ).to_s;
+
+     end 
+
+
+ end 
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+NoTextEnhancer is language-independent. It is useful even if you are PHP user, see {{<this section|#topics-php>}}.
+
+
+
+.$$ NoCodeEnhancer	| nocode-enhancer
+
+NoCodeEnhancer suppress output of embedded code and prints only normal text.
+This is useful especially when validating HTML tags.
+
+.? nocode-example.eruby
+.-------------------- nocode-example.eruby
+<h3>List</h3>
+<% if !@list || @list.empty? %>
+<p>not found.</p>
+<% else %>
+<table>
+  <tbody>
+    <% @list.each_with_index do |item, i| %>
+    <tr bgcolor="<%= i%2 == 0 ? '#FFCCCC' : '#CCCCFF' %>">
+      <td><%= item %></td>
+    </tr>
+    <% end %>
+  </tbody>
+</table>
+<% end %>
+.--------------------
+
+.? output example of NoCodeEnhancer
+.==================== nocode_example.result
+$ erubis -xE NoCode notext-example.eruby
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -xE NoCode nocode-example.eruby)
+<h3>List</h3>
+
+<p>not found.</p>
+
+<table>
+  <tbody>
+
+    <tr bgcolor="">
+      <td></td>
+    </tr>
+
+  </tbody>
+</table>
+
+.====================
+
+NoCodeEnhancer is language-independent. It is useful even if you are PHP user, see {{<this section|#topics-php>}}.
+
+
+
+.$$ SimplifyEnhancer	| simplify-enhancer
+
+SimplifyEnhancer makes compiling a little faster but don't trim spaces around '<% %>'.
+
+.#.? simplify-example.rb
+.#.-------------------- simplify-example.rb
+.#require 'erubis'
+.#class SimplifiedEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+.#  include Erubis::SimplifyEnhancer
+.#end
+.#eruby = SimplifiedEruby.new(File.read('example.eruby'))
+.#print eruby.src
+.#.--------------------
+.#
+.#.? compiled source code
+.#.====================
+.#$ ruby simplify-example.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby simplify-example.rb)
+.#.====================
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== simplify_example.result
+$ erubis -xE Simplify example.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -xE Simplify guide.d/example.eruby
+_buf = ''; _buf << '<div>
+'; for item in list ; _buf << '
+  <p>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</p>
+  <p>'; _buf << Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item ); _buf << '</p>
+'; end ; _buf << '
+</div>
+';
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+SimplifyEnhancer is language-independent.
+
+
+
+.$$ BiPatternEnhancer	| bipattern-enhancer
+
+BiPatternEnhancer enables to use another embedded pattern with '<% %>'.
+By Default, '[= ... =]' is available for expression.
+You can specify pattern by :bipattern property.
+
+.? bipattern-example.rhtml
+.-------------------- bipattern-example.rhtml
+<% for item in list %>
+  <b>{{*[= item =]*}}</b>
+  <b>{{*[== item =]*}}</b>
+<% end %>
+.--------------------
+
+.#.? bipattern-example.rb
+.#.-------------------- bipattern-example.rb
+.#require 'erubis'
+.#class BiPatternEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+.#  include Erubis::BiPatternEnhancer
+.#end
+.#
+.#input = File.read('bipattern-example.rhtml')
+.#eruby = BiPatternEruby.new(input)
+.#print eruby.src
+.#.--------------------
+.#
+.#.? compiled source code
+.#.====================
+.#$ ruby bipattern-example.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby bipattern-example.rb)
+.#.====================
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== bipattern_example.result
+$ erubis -xE BiPattern bipattern-example.rhtml
+.#.<<<:! erubis -xE BiPattern guide.d/bipattern-example.rhtml | ruby -pe 'sub! /_buf << [E(].*;/, "{{*\\&*}}"'
+_buf = ''; for item in list 
+ _buf << '  <b>'; {{*_buf << ( item ).to_s;*}} _buf << '</b>
+  <b>'; {{*_buf << Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item );*}} _buf << '</b>
+'; end 
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+BiPatternEnhancer is language-independent.
+
+
+
+.$$ PercentLineEnhancer	| percentline-enhancer
+
+PercentLineEnhancer regards lines starting with '%' as Ruby code.
+This is for compatibility with eruby and ERB.
+
+.? percentline-example.rhtml
+.-------------------- percentline-example.rhtml
+<ul>
+{{*% for item in list*}}
+  <li><%= item %></li>
+{{*% end*}}
+</ul>
+{{*%% lines with '%%'*}}
+.--------------------
+
+.#.? percentline-example.rb
+.#.-------------------- percentline-example.rb
+.#require 'erubis'
+.#class PercentLineEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+.#  include Erubis::PercentLineEnhancer
+.#end
+.#
+.#input = File.read('percentline-example.rhtml')
+.#eruby = PercentLineEruby.new(input)
+.#print eruby.src
+.#.--------------------
+.#
+.#.? compiled source code
+.#.====================
+.#$ ruby percentline-example.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby percentline-example.rb)
+.#.====================
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== percentline_example.result
+$ erubis -xE PercentLine percentline-example.rhtml
+.#.<<<:! erubis -xE PercentLine guide.d/percentline-example.rhtml | ruby -pe 'sub! /for.*?list|end/, "{{*\\&*}}"'
+_buf = ''; _buf << '<ul>
+'; {{*for item in list*}}
+ _buf << '  <li>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</li>
+'; {{*end*}}
+ _buf << '</ul>
+{{*% lines with \'%%\'*}}
+';
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+PercentLineEnhancer is language-independent.
+
+
+
+.$$ PrefixedLineEnhancer	| prefixedline-enhancer
+
+PrefixedlineEnhancer regards lines starting with '%' as Ruby code.
+It is similar to {{<PercentLineEnhancer|#percentline-enhancer>}}, but there are some differences.
+
+.* PrefixedlineEnhancer allows to indent lines starting with '%', but PercentLineEnhancer doesn't.
+.* PrefixedlineEnhancer allows to change prefixed character (default '%'), but PercentLineEnhancer doesn't.
+
+
+.? prefixedline-example.rhtml
+.-------------------- prefixedline-example.rhtml
+<ul>
+  {{*! for item in list*}}
+  <li><%= item %></li>
+  {{*! end*}}
+</ul>
+  {{*!! lines with '!!'*}}
+.--------------------
+
+.? prefixedline-example.rb
+.-------------------- prefixedline-example.rb
+require 'erubis'
+
+class PrefixedLineEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+  include Erubis::PrefixedLineEnhancer
+end
+
+input = File.read('prefixedline-example.rhtml')
+eruby = PrefixedLineEruby.new(input, :prefixchar=>'!')  # default '%'
+print eruby.src
+.--------------------
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== prefixedline_example.result
+$ ruby prefixedline-example.rb
+_buf = ''; _buf << '<ul>
+';   {{*for item in list*}}
+ _buf << '  <li>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</li>
+';   {{*end*}}
+ _buf << '</ul>
+  {{*! lines with \'!!\'*}}
+';
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+PrefixedLineEnhancer is language-independent.
+
+
+
+.$$ HeaderFooterEnhancer | headerfooter-enhancer
+
+[experimental]
+
+HeaderFooterEnhancer enables you to add header and footer in eRuby script.
+
+.? headerfooter-example.eruby
+.-------------------- headerfooter-example.eruby
+{{*<!--#header:*}}
+{{*def list_items(items)*}}
+{{*#-->*}}
+<% for item in items %>
+  <b><%= item %></b>
+<% end %>
+{{*<!--#footer:*}}
+{{*end*}}
+{{*#-->*}}
+.--------------------
+
+.#.? headerfooter-example.rb
+.#.-------------------- headerfooter-example.rb
+.#require 'erubis'
+.#class HeaderFooterEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+.#  include Erubis::HeaderFooterEnhancer
+.#end
+.#
+.#input = File.read('headerfooter-example.eruby')
+.#eruby = HeaderFooterEruby.new(input)
+.#print eruby.src
+.#.--------------------
+.#
+.#.? compiled source code
+.#.====================
+.#$ ruby headerfooter-example.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby headerfooter-example.rb)
+.#.====================
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== headerfooter_example.result
+$ erubis -xE HeaderFooter headerfooter-example.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -xE HeaderFooter guide.d/headerfooter-example.eruby | ruby -pe 'sub! /^(def|end).*$/, "{{*\\&*}}"'
+
+{{*def list_items(items)*}}
+
+_buf = ''; for item in items 
+ _buf << '  <b>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</b>
+'; end 
+_buf.to_s
+
+{{*end*}}
+
+.====================
+
+Compare to the following:
+
+.? normal-eruby-test.eruby
+.-------------------- normal-eruby-test.eruby
+{{*<%*}}
+{{*def list_items(items)*}}
+{{*%>*}}
+<% for item in items %>
+<li><%= item %></li>
+<% end %>
+{{*<%*}}
+{{*end*}}
+{{*%>*}}
+.--------------------
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== normal_eruby_test.result
+$ erubis -x normal-eruby-test.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -x guide.d/normal-eruby-test.eruby | ruby -pe 'sub! /^(def|end).*$/, "{{*\\&*}}"'
+_buf = '';
+{{*def list_items(items)*}}
+
+ for item in items 
+ _buf << '<li>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</li>
+'; end 
+
+{{*end*}}
+
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+Header and footer can be in any position in eRuby script,
+that is, header is no need to be in the head of eRuby script.
+
+.#+++
+.-------------------- headerfooter-example2.rb
+require 'erubis'
+class HeaderFooterEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+  include Erubis::HeaderFooterEnhancer
+end
+
+input = File.read('headerfooter-example2.rhtml')
+eruby = HeaderFooterEruby.new(input)
+print eruby.src
+.--------------------
+.#---
+
+.? headerfooter-example2.rhtml
+.-------------------- headerfooter-example2.rhtml
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<html>
+{{*<!--#header:*}}
+{{*def page(list)*}}
+{{*#-->*}}
+ :
+{{*<!--#footer:*}}
+{{*end*}}
+{{*#-->*}}
+</html>
+.--------------------
+
+.#.? compiled source code
+.#.====================
+.#$ ruby headerfooter-example2.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby headerfooter-example2.rb)
+.#.====================
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== headerfooter_example2.result
+$ erubis -xE HeaderFooter headerfooter-example2.rhtml
+.#.<<<:! erubis -xE HeaderFooter guide.d/headerfooter-example2.rhtml | ruby -pe 'sub! /^(def|end).*$/, "{{*\\&*}}"'
+
+{{*def page(list)*}}
+
+_buf = ''; _buf << '<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<html>
+'; _buf << ' :
+'; _buf << '</html>
+';
+_buf.to_s
+
+{{*end*}}
+
+.====================
+
+HeaderFooterEnhancer is experimental and is language-independent.
+
+
+
+.$$ InterpolationEnhancer | interpolation-enhancer
+
+[experimental]
+
+InterpolationEnhancer converts "<h1><%= title %></h1>" into
+"_buf << %Q`<h1>#{ title }</h1>`".
+This makes Eruby a litter faster because method call of String#<< are eliminated
+by expression interpolations.
+
+.? InterpolationEnhancer elmininates method call of String#<<.
+.--------------------
+## Assume that input is '<a href="<%=url%>"><%=name%></a>'.
+## Eruby convert input into the following code.  String#<< is called 5 times.
+_buf << '<a href="'; _buf << (url).to_s; _buf << '">'; _buf << (name).to_s; _buf << '</a>';
+
+## If InterpolationEnhancer is used, String#<< is called only once.
+_buf << %Q`<a href="#{url}">#{name}</a>`;
+.--------------------
+
+.#.? interpolation-example.rb
+.#.-------------------- interpolation-example.rb
+.#require 'erubis'
+.#class InterpolationEruby < Erubis::Eruby
+.#  include Erubis::InterpolationEnhancer
+.#end
+.#eruby = InterpolationEruby.new(File.read('example.eruby'))
+.### or
+.##eruby = Erubis::FastEruby.new(File.read('example.eruby'))
+.#print eruby.src
+.#.--------------------
+.#
+.#.? compiled source code
+.#.====================
+.#$ ruby interpolation-example.rb
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; ruby interpolation-example.rb)
+.#.====================
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== interpolation_example.result
+$ erubis -xE Interpolation example.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -xE Interpolation guide.d/example.eruby | ruby -pe 'gsub! /(%Q`|`|\#\{.*?\})/, "{{*\\&*}}"'
+_buf = ''; _buf << {{*%Q`*}}<div>\n{{*`*}}
+ for item in list 
+ _buf << {{*%Q`*}}  <p>{{*#{ item }*}}</p>
+  <p>{{*#{Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item )}*}}</p>\n{{*`*}}
+ end 
+ _buf << {{*%Q`*}}</div>\n{{*`*}}
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+Erubis provides Erubis::FastEruby class which includes InterpolationEnhancer.
+You can use Erubis::FastEruby class instead of Erubis::Eruby class.
+
+InterpolationEnhancer is only for Eruby.
+
+
+.$$ DeleteIndentEnhancer | deleteindent-enhancer
+
+[experimental]
+DeleteIndentEnhancer deletes indentation of HTML file.
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== interpolation_example.result
+$ erubis -xE DeleteIndent example.eruby
+.#.<<<:! erubis -xE DeleteIndent guide.d/example.eruby
+_buf = ''; _buf << '<div>
+'; for item in list 
+ _buf << '<p>'; _buf << ( item ).to_s; _buf << '</p>
+<p>'; _buf << Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item ); _buf << '</p>
+'; end 
+ _buf << '</div>
+';
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+Notice that DeleteIndentEnhancer isn't intelligent.
+It deletes indentations even if they are in <PRE></PRE>.
+
+DeleteIndentEnhancer is language-independent.
+
+
+
+.$ Multi-Language Support	| lang
+
+Erubis supports the following languages{{(If you need template engine in pure PHP/Perl/JavaScript, try {{<Tenjin|http://www.kuwata-lab.com/tenjin/>}} ({{<http://www.kuwata-lab.com/tenjin/>}}). Tenjin is a very fast and full-featured template engine implemented in pure PHP/Perl/JavaScript.)}}:
+
+.* Ruby
+.* {{<PHP|#lang-php>}}
+.* {{<C|#lang-c>}}
+.* {{<Java|#lang-java>}}
+.* {{<Scheme|#lang-scheme>}}
+.* {{<Perl|#lang-perl>}}
+.* {{<JavaScript|#lang-javascript>}}
+
+
+
+.$$ PHP		| lang-php
+
+.? example.ephp
+.-------------------- example.ephp
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<html>
+ <body>
+  <p>Hello {{*<%= $user %>*}}!</p>
+  <table>
+   <tbody>
+    {{*<% $i = 0; %>*}}
+    {{*<% foreach ($list as $item) { %>*}}
+    {{*<%   $i++; %>*}}
+    <tr bgcolor={{*"<%= $i % 2 == 0 ? '#FFCCCC' : '#CCCCFF' %>"*}}>
+     <td>{{*<%= $i %>*}}</td>
+     <td>{{*<%== $item %>*}}</td>
+    </tr>
+    {{*<% } %>*}}
+   </tbody>
+  </table>
+ </body>
+</html>
+.--------------------
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== example_php.result
+$ erubis -l php example.ephp
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -l php example.ephp)
+<<?php ?>?xml version="1.0"?>
+<html>
+ <body>
+  <p>Hello <?php echo $user; ?>!</p>
+  <table>
+   <tbody>
+<?php     $i = 0; ?>
+<?php     foreach ($list as $item) { ?>
+<?php       $i++; ?>
+    <tr bgcolor="<?php echo $i % 2 == 0 ? '#FFCCCC' : '#CCCCFF'; ?>">
+     <td><?php echo $i; ?></td>
+     <td><?php echo htmlspecialchars($item); ?></td>
+    </tr>
+<?php     } ?>
+   </tbody>
+  </table>
+ </body>
+</html>
+.====================
+
+.# If you need template engine in pure PHP, try {{<phpTenjin|http://www.kuwata-lab.com/tenjin/>}} ({{<http://www.kuwata-lab.com/tenjin/>}}).
+.# phpTenjin is a very fast and full-featured template engine implemented in pure PHP.
+
+
+.$$ C		| lang-c
+
+.? example.ec
+.-------------------- example.ec
+{{*<%
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+    int i;
+
+%>*}}
+<html>
+ <body>
+  <p>Hello {{*<%= "%s", argv[0] %>*}}!</p>
+  <table>
+   <tbody>
+    {{*<% for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) { %>*}}
+    <tr bgcolor="{{*<%= i % 2 == 0 ? "#FFCCCC" : "#CCCCFF" %>*}}">
+      <td>{{*<%= "%d", i %>*}}</td>
+      <td>{{*<%= "%s", argv[i] %>*}}</td>
+    </tr>
+    {{*<% } %>*}}
+   </tbody>
+  </table>
+ </body>
+</html>
+{{*<%
+    return 0; 
+}
+%>*}}
+.--------------------
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== example_c.result
+$ erubis -l c example.ec
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -l c example.ec)
+#line 1 "example.ec"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+    int i;
+
+
+fputs("<html>\n"
+      " <body>\n"
+      "  <p>Hello ", stdout); fprintf(stdout, "%s", argv[0]); fputs("!</p>\n"
+      "  <table>\n"
+      "   <tbody>\n", stdout);
+     for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) { 
+fputs("    <tr bgcolor=\"", stdout); fprintf(stdout, i % 2 == 0 ? "#FFCCCC" : "#CCCCFF"); fputs("\">\n"
+      "      <td>", stdout); fprintf(stdout, "%d", i); fputs("</td>\n"
+      "      <td>", stdout); fprintf(stdout, "%s", argv[i]); fputs("</td>\n"
+      "    </tr>\n", stdout);
+     } 
+fputs("   </tbody>\n"
+      "  </table>\n"
+      " </body>\n"
+      "</html>\n", stdout);
+
+    return 0; 
+}
+
+.====================
+
+
+.$$ C++		| lang-cpp
+
+.? example.ecpp
+.-------------------- example.ecpp
+{{*<%
+#include <string>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+    std::stringstream _buf;
+%>*}}
+<html>
+ <body>
+  <p>Hello {{*<%= argv[0] %>*}}!</p>
+  <table>
+   <tbody>
+    {{*<% for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) { %>*}}
+    <tr bgcolor="{{*<%= i % 2 == 0 ? "#FFCCCC" : "#CCCCFF" %>*}}">
+      <td>{{*<%= i %>*}}</td>
+      <td>{{*<%= argv[i] %>*}}</td>
+    </tr>
+    {{*<% } %>*}}
+   </tbody>
+  </table>
+ </body>
+</html>
+{{*<%
+    std::string output = _buf.str();
+    std::cout << output;
+    return 0; 
+}
+%>*}}
+.--------------------
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== example_c.result
+$ erubis -l cpp example.ecpp
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -l cpp example.ecpp)
+#line 1 "example.ecpp"
+
+#include <string>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+    std::stringstream _buf;
+
+_buf << "<html>\n"
+        " <body>\n"
+        "  <p>Hello "; _buf << (argv[0]); _buf << "!</p>\n"
+        "  <table>\n"
+        "   <tbody>\n";
+     for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) { 
+_buf << "    <tr bgcolor=\""; _buf << (i % 2 == 0 ? "#FFCCCC" : "#CCCCFF"); _buf << "\">\n"
+        "      <td>"; _buf << (i); _buf << "</td>\n"
+        "      <td>"; _buf << (argv[i]); _buf << "</td>\n"
+        "    </tr>\n";
+     } 
+_buf << "   </tbody>\n"
+        "  </table>\n"
+        " </body>\n"
+        "</html>\n";
+
+    std::string output = _buf.str();
+    std::cout << output;
+    return 0; 
+}
+
+.====================
+
+
+.$$ Java	| lang-java
+
+.? Example.ejava
+.-------------------- Example.ejava
+{{*<%
+import java.util.*;
+
+public class Example {
+  private String user;
+  private String[] list;
+  public example(String user, String[] list) {
+    this.user = user;
+    this.list = list;
+  }
+
+  public String view() {
+    StringBuffer _buf = new StringBuffer();
+%>*}}
+<html>
+ <body>
+  <p>Hello {{*<%= user %>*}}!</p>
+  <table>
+   <tbody>
+    {{*<% for (int i = 0; i < list.length; i++) { %>*}}
+    <tr bgcolor={{*"<%= i % 2 == 0 ? "#FFCCCC" : "#CCCCFF" %>"*}}>
+     <td>{{*<%= i + 1 %>*}}</td>
+     <td>{{*<%== list[i] %>*}}</td>
+    </tr>
+    {{*<% } %>*}}
+   </tbody>
+  </table>
+ <body>
+</html>
+{{*<%
+    return _buf.toString();
+  }
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    String[] list = { "<aaa>", "b&b", "\"ccc\"" };
+    Example ex = Example.new("Erubis", list);
+    System.out.print(ex.view());
+  }
+
+  public static String escape(String s) {
+    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+    for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
+      char ch = s.charAt(i);
+      switch (ch) {
+      case '<':   sb.append("&lt;"); break;
+      case '>':   sb.append("&gt;"); break;
+      case '&':   sb.append("&amp;"); break;
+      case '"':   sb.append("&quot;"); break;
+      default:    sb.append(ch);
+      }
+    }
+    return sb.toString();
+  }
+}
+%>*}}
+.--------------------
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== example_java.result
+$ erubis -b -l java example.ejava
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -l java example.ejava)
+
+import java.util.*;
+
+public class Example {
+  private String user;
+  private String[] list;
+  public example(String user, String[] list) {
+    this.user = user;
+    this.list = list;
+  }
+
+  public String view() {
+    StringBuffer _buf = new StringBuffer();
+
+_buf.append("<html>\n"
+          + " <body>\n"
+          + "  <p>Hello "); _buf.append(user); _buf.append("!</p>\n"
+          + "  <table>\n"
+          + "   <tbody>\n");
+     for (int i = 0; i < list.length; i++) { 
+_buf.append("    <tr bgcolor=\""); _buf.append(i % 2 == 0 ? "#FFCCCC" : "#CCCCFF"); _buf.append("\">\n"
+          + "     <td>"); _buf.append(i + 1); _buf.append("</td>\n"
+          + "     <td>"); _buf.append(escape(list[i])); _buf.append("</td>\n"
+          + "    </tr>\n");
+     } 
+_buf.append("   </tbody>\n"
+          + "  </table>\n"
+          + " <body>\n"
+          + "</html>\n");
+
+    return _buf.toString();
+  }
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    String[] list = { "<aaa>", "b&b", "\"ccc\"" };
+    Example ex = Example.new("Erubis", list);
+    System.out.print(ex.view());
+  }
+
+  public static String escape(String s) {
+    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+    for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
+      char ch = s.charAt(i);
+      switch (ch) {
+      case '<':   sb.append("&lt;"); break;
+      case '>':   sb.append("&gt;"); break;
+      case '&':   sb.append("&amp;"); break;
+      case '"':   sb.append("&quot;"); break;
+      default:    sb.append(ch);
+      }
+    }
+    return sb.toString();
+  }
+}
+
+.====================
+
+
+
+.$$ Scheme	| lang-scheme
+
+.? example.escheme
+.-------------------- example.escheme
+<html>
+ <body>
+{{*<%
+(let ((user "Erubis")
+      (items '("<aaa>" "b&b" "\"ccc\""))
+      (i 0))
+ %>*}}
+  <p>Hello {{*<%= user %>*}}!</p>
+  <table>
+{{*<%
+  (for-each
+   (lambda (item)
+     (set! i (+ i 1))
+ %>*}}
+   <tr bgcolor="{{*<%= (if (= (modulo i 2) 0) "#FFCCCC" "#CCCCFF") %>*}}">
+    <td>{{*<%= i %>*}}</td>
+    <td>{{*<%= item %>*}}</td>
+   </tr>
+{{*<%
+   ) ; lambda end
+   items) ; for-each end
+ %>*}}
+  </table>
+{{*<%
+) ; let end
+%>*}}
+ </body>
+</html>
+.--------------------
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== example_scheme.result
+$ erubis -l scheme example.escheme
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -l scheme example.escheme)
+(let ((_buf '())) (define (_add x) (set! _buf (cons x _buf))) (_add "<html>
+ <body>\n")
+
+(let ((user "Erubis")
+      (items '("<aaa>" "b&b" "\"ccc\""))
+      (i 0))
+ 
+(_add "  <p>Hello ")(_add user)(_add "!</p>
+  <table>\n")
+
+  (for-each
+   (lambda (item)
+     (set! i (+ i 1))
+ 
+(_add "   <tr bgcolor=\"")(_add (if (= (modulo i 2) 0) "#FFCCCC" "#CCCCFF"))(_add "\">
+    <td>")(_add i)(_add "</td>
+    <td>")(_add item)(_add "</td>
+   </tr>\n")
+
+   ) ; lambda end
+   items) ; for-each end
+ 
+(_add "  </table>\n")
+
+) ; let end
+
+(_add " </body>
+</html>\n")
+  (reverse _buf))
+.====================
+
+.? compiled source code (with {{,--func=display,}} property)
+.==================== example_scheme_display.result
+$ erubis -l scheme --func=display example.escheme
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -l scheme --func=display example.escheme)
+(display "<html>
+ <body>\n")
+
+(let ((user "Erubis")
+      (items '("<aaa>" "b&b" "\"ccc\""))
+      (i 0))
+ 
+(display "  <p>Hello ")(display user)(display "!</p>
+  <table>\n")
+
+  (for-each
+   (lambda (item)
+     (set! i (+ i 1))
+ 
+(display "   <tr bgcolor=\"")(display (if (= (modulo i 2) 0) "#FFCCCC" "#CCCCFF"))(display "\">
+    <td>")(display i)(display "</td>
+    <td>")(display item)(display "</td>
+   </tr>\n")
+
+   ) ; lambda end
+   items) ; for-each end
+ 
+(display "  </table>\n")
+
+) ; let end
+
+(display " </body>
+</html>\n")
+.====================
+
+
+
+.$$ Perl	| lang-perl
+
+.? example.eperl
+.-------------------- example.eperl
+{{*<%
+   my $user = 'Erubis';
+   my @list = ('<aaa>', 'b&b', '"ccc"');
+%>*}}
+<html>
+ <body>
+  <p>Hello {{*<%= $user %>*}}!</p>
+  <table>
+   {{*<% $i = 0; %>*}}
+   {{*<% for $item (@list) { %>*}}
+   <tr bgcolor={{*<%= ++$i % 2 == 0 ? '#FFCCCC' : '#CCCCFF' %>*}}">
+    <td>{{*<%= $i %>*}}</td>
+    <td>{{*<%= $item %>*}}</td>
+   </tr>
+   {{*<% } %>*}}
+  </table>
+ </body>
+</html>
+.--------------------
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== example_perl.result
+$ erubis -l perl example.eperl
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -l perl example.eperl)
+use HTML::Entities; 
+   my $user = 'Erubis';
+   my @list = ('<aaa>', 'b&b', '"ccc"');
+
+print('<html>
+ <body>
+  <p>Hello '); print($user); print('!</p>
+  <table>
+');     $i = 0; 
+    for $item (@list) { 
+print('   <tr bgcolor='); print(++$i % 2 == 0 ? '#FFCCCC' : '#CCCCFF'); print('">
+    <td>'); print($i); print('</td>
+    <td>'); print($item); print('</td>
+   </tr>
+');     } 
+print('  </table>
+ </body>
+</html>
+'); 
+.====================
+
+.# If you need template engine in pure Perl, try {{<plTenjin|http://www.kuwata-lab.com/tenjin/>}} ({{<http://www.kuwata-lab.com/tenjin/>}}).
+.# plTenjin is a very fast and full-featured template engine implemented in pure Perl.
+
+
+
+.$$ JavaScript	| lang-javascript
+
+.? example.ejs
+.-------------------- example.ejs
+{{*<%
+   var user = 'Erubis';
+   var list = ['<aaa>', 'b&b', '"ccc"'];
+ %>*}}
+<html>
+ <body>
+  <p>Hello {{*<%= user %>*}}!</p>
+  <table>
+   <tbody>
+    {{*<% var i; %>*}}
+    {{*<% for (i = 0; i < list.length; i++) { %>*}}
+    <tr bgcolor="{{*<%= i % 2 == 0 ? '#FFCCCC' : '#CCCCFF' %>*}}">
+     <td>{{*<%= i + 1 %>*}}</td>
+     <td>{{*<%= list[i] %>*}}</td>
+    </tr>
+    {{*<% } %>*}}
+   </tbody>
+  </table>
+ </body>
+</html>
+.--------------------
+
+.? compiled source code
+.==================== example_js.result
+$ erubis -l js example.ejs
+.#.<<<:! (cd guide.d; erubis -l js example.ejs)
+var _buf = [];
+   var user = 'Erubis';
+   var list = ['<aaa>', 'b&b', '"ccc"'];
+ 
+_buf.push("<html>\n\
+ <body>\n\
+  <p>Hello "); _buf.push(user); _buf.push("!</p>\n\
+  <table>\n\
+   <tbody>\n");
+     var i; 
+     for (i = 0; i < list.length; i++) { 
+_buf.push("    <tr bgcolor=\""); _buf.push(i % 2 == 0 ? '#FFCCCC' : '#CCCCFF'); _buf.push("\">\n\
+     <td>"); _buf.push(i + 1); _buf.push("</td>\n\
+     <td>"); _buf.push(list[i]); _buf.push("</td>\n\
+    </tr>\n");
+     } 
+_buf.push("   </tbody>\n\
+  </table>\n\
+ </body>\n\
+</html>\n");
+document.write(_buf.join(""));
+.====================
+
+If command-line option '{{,--docwrite=false,}}' is specified,
+'{{,_buf.join("");,}}' is used instead of '{{,document.write(_buf.join(""));,}}'.
+This is useful when passing converted source code to eval() function in JavaScript.
+
+You can pass {{,:docwrite=>false,}} to Erubis::Ejavascript.new() in your Ruby script.
+
+.--------------------
+s = File.read('example.jshtml')
+engine = Erubis::Ejavascript.new(s, {{,:docwrite=>false,}})
+.--------------------
+
+If you want to specify any JavaScript code, use '--postamble=...'.
+
+Notice that default value of 'docwrite' property will be false in the future release.
+
+.# If you need template engine in pure JavaScript, try {{<jsTenjin|http://www.kuwata-lab.com/tenjin/>}} ({{<http://www.kuwata-lab.com/tenjin/>}}).
+.# jsTenjin is a very fast and full-featured template engine implemented in pure JavaScript and available with not only web browser but also Spidermonkey and Rhino.
+
+
+
+.$ Ruby on Rails Support	| rails
+
+{{!NOTICE: Rails 3 adopts Erubis as default default engine. You don't need to do anything at all when using Rails 3. This section is for Rails 2.!}}
+
+Erubis supports Ruby on Rails. 
+This section describes how to use Erubis with Ruby on Rails.
+
+
+.$$ Settings		| rails-settings
+
+
+Add the following code to your 'config/environment.rb' and restart web server.
+This replaces ERB in Rails by Erubis entirely.
+    
+.? config/environment.rb
+.--------------------
+require 'erubis/helpers/rails_helper'
+#Erubis::Helpers::RailsHelper.engine_class = Erubis::Eruby # or Erubis::FastEruby
+#Erubis::Helpers::RailsHelper.init_properties = {}
+#Erubis::Helpers::RailsHelper.show_src = nil
+#Erubis::Helpers::RailsHelper.preprocessing = false
+.--------------------
+
+Options:
+
+.% Erubis::Helpers::RailsHelper.engine_class (=Erubis::Eruby)
+	Erubis engine class (default Erubis::Eruby).
+.% Erubis::Helpers::RailsHelper.init_properties (={})
+	Optional arguments for Erubis::Eruby#initialize() method (default {}).
+.% Erubis::Helpers::RailsHelper.show_src (=nil)
+	Whether to print converted Ruby code into log file.
+	If true, Erubis prints coverted code into log file.
+	If false, Erubis doesn't.
+	If nil, Erubis prints when ENV['RAILS_ENV'] == 'development'.
+	Default is nil.
+.% Erubis::Helpers::RailsHelper.preprocessing (=false)
+	Enable preprocessing if true (default false).
+    
+    
+.#.2) (Optional) apply the following patch to 'action_pack/lib/action_view/base.rb'.
+.#    
+.#    .? action_view_base_rb.patch
+.#    .--------------------
+.#    --- lib/action_view/base.rb	(original)
+.#    +++ lib/action_view/base.rb	(working copy)
+.#    @@ -445,6 +445,11 @@
+.#             end
+.#           end
+.#     
+.#    +      # convert template into ruby code
+.#    +      def convert_template_into_ruby_code(template)
+.#    +        ERB.new(template, nil, @@erb_trim_mode).src
+.#    +      end
+.#    +
+.#           # Create source code for given template
+.#           def create_template_source(extension, template, render_symbol, locals)
+.#             if template_requires_setup?(extension)
+.#    @@ -458,7 +463,7 @@
+.#                   "update_page do |page|\n#{template}\nend"
+.#               end
+.#             else
+.#    -          body = ERB.new(template, nil, @@erb_trim_mode).src
+.#    +          body = convert_template_into_ruby_code(template)
+.#             end
+.#     
+.#             @@template_args[render_symbol] ||= {}
+.#    .--------------------
+.#    
+.#    This patch is included in erubis_2.X.X/contrib directory and the following is an
+.#    example to apply this patch.
+.#    
+.#    .? how to apply patch:
+.#    .====================
+.#    $ cd /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.13.1/lib/action_view/
+.#    $ sudo patch -p1 < /tmp/erubis_2.X.X/contrib/action_view_base_rb.patch
+.#    .====================
+.#    
+.#    Notice that this patch is not necessary if you are using Ruby on Rails ver 1.1 or 1.2, but it is recommended.
+.#    
+.#.2) Restart web server.
+.#    .====================
+.#    $ ruby script/server
+.#    .====================
+.#
+.#The setting is above all.
+
+
+
+.$$ Preprosessing		| rails-preprocessing
+
+Erubis supports preprocessing of template files.
+Preprocessing make your Ruby on Rails application about 20-40 percent faster.
+To enable preprocessing, set Erubis::Helpers::RailsHelper.preprocessing to true in your 'environment.rb' file.
+
+For example, assume the following template.
+This is slow because link_to() method is called every time when template is rendered.
+
+.--------------------
+<%= link_to 'Create', :action=>'create' %>
+.--------------------
+
+The following is faster than the above, but not flexible because url is fixed.
+
+.--------------------
+<a href="/users/create">Create</a>
+.--------------------
+
+Preprocessing solves this problem.
+If you use '[%= %]' instead of '<%= %>', preprocessor evaluate it only once when template is loaded.
+
+.--------------------
+{{*[%= link_to 'Create', :action=>'create'%]*}}
+.--------------------
+
+The above is evaluated by preprocessor and replaced to the following code automatically.
+
+.--------------------
+<a href="/users/create">Create</a>
+.--------------------
+
+Notice that this is done only once when template file is loaded.
+It means that link_to() method is not called when template is rendered.
+
+If link_to() method have variable arguments, use {{,_?(),}} helper method.
+
+.--------------------
+<% for user in @users %>
+[%= link_to {{*_?('user.name')*}}, :action=>'show', :id=>{{*_?('user.id')*}} %]
+<% end %>
+.--------------------
+
+The above is evaluated by preprocessor when template is loaded and expanded into the following code.
+This will be much faster because link_to() method is not called when rendering.
+
+.--------------------
+<% for user in @users %>
+<a href="/users/show/{{*<%=user.id%>*}}">{{*<%=user.name%>*}}</a>
+<% end %>
+.--------------------
+
+Preprocessing statement ({{,[% %],}}) is also available as well as preprocessing expression ({{,[%= %],}}).
+.--------------------
+<select name="state">
+  <option value="">-</option>
+{{*[% for code in states.keys.sort %]*}}
+  <option value="{{*[%= code %]*}}">{{*[%= states[code] %]*}}</option>
+{{*[% end %]*}}
+</select>
+.--------------------
+
+The above will be evaluated by preprocessor and expanded into the following when template is loaded.
+In the result, rendering speed will be much faster because for-loop is not executed when rendering.
+.--------------------
+<select name="state">
+  <option value="">-</option>
+  <option value="AK">Alaska</option>
+  <option value="AL">Alabama</option>
+  <option value="AR">Arkansas</option>
+  <option value="AS">American Samoa</option>
+  <option value="AZ">Arizona</option>
+  <option value="CA">California</option>
+  <option value="CO">Colorado</option>
+   ....
+</select>
+.--------------------
+
+Notice that it is not recommended to use preprocessing with tag helpers,
+because tag helpers generate different html code when form parameter has errors or not.
+
+Helper methods of Ruby on Rails are divided into two groups.
+.* link_to() or _() (method of gettext package) are not need to call for every time
+   as template is rendered because it returns same value when same arguments are passed.
+   These methods can be got faster by preprocessing.
+.* Tag helper methods should be called for every time as template is rendered
+   because it may return differrent value even if the same arguments are passed.
+   Preprocessing is not available with these methods.
+
+In Ruby on Rails 2.0, {{,_?('user_id'),}} is OK but {{,_?('user.id'),}} is NG
+because the latter contains period ('.') character.
+
+.--------------------
+<!-- NG in Rails 2.0, because _?('') contains period -->
+[%= link_to 'Edit', edit_user_path({{*_?('@user.id')*}}) %]
+[%= link_to 'Show', {{*@user*}} %]
+[%= link_to 'Delete', {{*@user*}}, :confirm=>'OK?', :method=>:delete %]
+
+<!-- OK in Rails 2.0 -->
+{{*<%= user_id = @user.id %>*}}
+[%= link_to 'Edit', edit_user_path({{*_?('user_id')*}}) %]
+[%= link_to 'Show', {{*:action=>'show', :id=>_?('user_id')*}} %]
+[%= link_to 'Delete', {{*{:action=>'destroy', :id=>_?('user_id')}*}},
+                      {:confirm=>'OK?', :method=>:delete} %]
+.--------------------
+
+
+.$$ Form Helpers for Preprocessing  | rails-formhelpers
+
+{{*(Experimental)*}}
+
+Erubis provides form helper methods for preprocessing.
+These are defined in 'erubis/helpers/rails_form_helper.rb'.
+If you want to use it, require it and include Erubis::Helpers::RailsFormHelper in 'app/helpers/applition_helper.rb'
+
+.? app/helpers/xxx_helper.rb
+.--------------------
+require 'erubis/helpers/rails_form_helper'
+module ApplicationHelper
+  include Erubis::Helpers::RailsFormHelper
+end
+.--------------------
+
+Form helper methods defined in Erubis::Helpers::RailsFormHelper are named as 'pp_xxxx'
+('pp' represents preprocessing).
+
+Assume the following view template:
+
+.? _form.rhtml
+.--------------------
+ <p>
+  Name: <%= text_field :user, :name %>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+  Name: {{*[%= pp_text_field :user, :name %]*}}
+ </p>
+.--------------------
+
+Erubis preprocessor converts it to the following eRuby string:
+
+.? preprocessed
+.--------------------
+ <p>
+  Name: <%= text_field :user, :name %>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+  Name: {{*<input id="stock_name" name="stock[name]" size="30" type="text" value="<%=h @stock.name%>" />*}}
+ </p>
+.--------------------
+
+Erubis converts it to the following Ruby code:
+
+.? Ruby code
+.--------------------
+ _buf << ' <p>
+  Name: '; _buf << ( text_field :stock, :name ).to_s; _buf << '
+'; _buf << ' </p>
+ <p>
+  Name: <input id="stock_name" name="stock[name]" size="30" type="text" value="'; _buf << (h @stock.name).to_s; _buf << '" />
+ </p>
+';
+.--------------------
+
+The above Ruby code shows that text_field() is called everytime when rendering,
+but pp_text_field() is called only once when template is loaded.
+This means that pp_text_field() with preprocessing makes view layer very fast.
+
+Module Erubis::Helpers::RailsFormHelper defines the following form helper methods.
+
+.*  pp_render_partial(basename)
+.*  pp_form_tag(url_for_options={}, options={}, *parameters_for_url, &block)
+.*  pp_text_field(object_name, method, options={})
+.*  pp_password_field(object_name, method, options={})
+.*  pp_hidden_field(object_name, method, options={})
+.*  pp_file_field(object_name, method, options={})
+.*  pp_text_area(object_name, method, options={})
+.*  pp_check_box(object_name, method, options={}, checked_value="1", unchecked_value="0")
+.*  pp_radio_button(object_name, method, tag_value, options={})
+.*  pp_select(object, method, collection, options={}, html_options={})
+.*  pp_collection_select(object, method, collection, value_method, text_method, options={}, html_options={})
+.*  pp_country_select(object, method, priority_countries=nil, options={}, html_options={})
+.*  pp_time_zone_select(object, method, priority_zones=nil, options={}, html_options={})
+.*  pp_submit_tag(value="Save changes", options={})
+.*  pp_image_submit_tag(source, options={})
+
+Notice that pp_form_for() is not provided.
+
+{{!CAUTION:!}} These are experimental and may not work in Ruby on Rails 2.0.
+
+
+.$$ Others			| rails-others
+
+.* ActionView::Helpers::CaptureHelper#capture() and ActionView::Helpers::Texthelper#concat() are available.
+
+.* Form helper methods are not tested in Ruby on Rails 2.0.
+
+.* ERB::Util.h() is redefined if you require 'erubis/helpers/rails_helper.rb'.
+   Original definition of ERB::Util.h() is the following and it is slow
+   because it scans string four times.
+   
+   .--------------------
+    def html_escape(s)
+      s.to_s.gsub(/&/, "&amp;").gsub(/\"/, "&quot;").gsub(/>/, "&gt;").gsub(/</, "&lt;")
+    end
+    alias h html_escape
+   .--------------------
+   
+   New definition in 'erubis/helpers/rails_helper.rb' is faster than the above
+   because it scans string only once.
+   
+   .--------------------
+    ESCAPE_TABLE = { '&'=>'&amp;', '<'=>'&lt;', '>'=>'&gt;', '"'=>'&quot;', "'"=>'&#039;', }
+    def h(value)
+      value.to_s.gsub(/[&<>"]/) { |s| ESCAPE_TABLE[s] }
+    end
+   .--------------------
+   
+   Notice that the new definition may be slow if string contains
+   many '< > & "' characters because block is call many time.
+   You should use ERB::Util.html_hscape() if string contains a lot of '< > & "'
+   characters.
+
+
+
+.$ Other Topics	| topics
+
+
+.$$ {{,Erubis::FastEruby,}} Class	| topics-fasteruby
+
+{{,Erubis::FastEruby,}} class generates more effective code than {{,Erubis::Eruby,}}.
+
+.? fasteruby-example.rb
+.-------------------- fasteruby-example.rb
+require 'erubis'
+input = File.read('example.eruby')
+
+puts "----- Erubis::Eruby -----"
+print Erubis::Eruby.new(input).src
+
+puts "----- Erubis::FastEruby -----"
+print {{*Erubis::FastEruby*}}.new(input).src
+.--------------------
+
+.? result
+.==================== fasteruby-example.result
+$ ruby fasteruby-example.rb
+----- Erubis::Eruby -----
+_buf = ''; _buf << '<div>
+'; for item in list 
+ _buf << '  <p>'; {{*_buf << ( item ).to_s;*}} _buf << '</p>
+  <p>'; {{*_buf << Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item );*}} _buf << '</p>
+'; end 
+ _buf << '</div>
+';
+_buf.to_s
+----- Erubis::FastEruby -----
+_buf = ''; _buf << %Q`<div>\n`
+ for item in list 
+ _buf << %Q`  <p>{{*#{ item }*}}</p>
+  <p>{{*#{Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item )}*}}</p>\n`
+ end 
+ _buf << %Q`</div>\n`
+_buf.to_s
+.====================
+
+Technically, {{,Erubis::FastEruby,}} is just a subclass of {{,Erubis::Eruby,}} and includes {{,{{<InterpolationEnhancer|#interpolation-enhancer>}},}}. {{,Erubis::FastEruby,}} is faster than {{,Erubis::Eruby,}} but is not extensible compared to {{,Erubis::Eruby,}}. This is the reason why {{,Erubis::FastEruby,}} is not the default class of Erubis.
+
+
+.$$ {{,:bufvar,}} Option	| topics-bufvar
+
+Since 2.7.0, Erubis supports {{,:bufvar,}} option which allows you to change buffer variable name (default '{{,_buf,}}').
+
+.? bufvar-example.rb
+.-------------------- bufvar-example.rb
+require 'erubis'
+input = File.read('example.eruby')
+
+puts "----- default -----"
+eruby = Erubis::FastEruby.new(input)
+puts eruby.src
+
+puts "----- with :bufvar option -----"
+eruby = Erubis::FastEruby.new(input, {{*:bufvar=>'@_out_buf'*}})
+print eruby.src
+.--------------------
+
+.? result
+.==================== bufvar-example.result
+$ ruby bufvar-example.rb
+----- default -----
+_buf = ''; _buf << %Q`<div>\n`
+ for item in list 
+ _buf << %Q`  <p>#{ item }</p>
+  <p>#{Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item )}</p>\n`
+ end 
+ _buf << %Q`</div>\n`
+_buf.to_s
+----- with :bufvar option -----
+{{*@_out_buf*}} = ''; {{*@_out_buf*}} << %Q`<div>\n`
+ for item in list 
+ {{*@_out_buf*}} << %Q`  <p>#{ item }</p>
+  <p>#{Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item )}</p>\n`
+ end 
+ {{*@_out_buf*}} << %Q`</div>\n`
+{{*@_out_buf*}}.to_s
+.====================
+
+
+.$$ '<%= =%>' and '<%= -%>'	| topics-trimspaces
+
+Since 2.6.0, '<%= -%>' remove tail spaces and newline.
+This is for compatibiliy with ERB when trim mode is '-'.
+'<%= =%>' also removes tail spaces and newlines, and this is
+Erubis-original enhancement (cooler than '<%= -%>', isn't it?).
+
+.? tailnewline.rhtml
+.-------------------- tailnewline.rhtml.comment_filter
+<div>
+<%= @var -%>          # or <%= @var =%>
+</div>
+.--------------------
+
+.? result (version 2.5.0):
+.====================
+$ erubis -c '{var: "AAA\n"}' tailnewline.rhtml
+<div>
+AAA
+
+</div>
+.====================
+
+.? result (version 2.6.0):
+.==================== tail_260.result
+$ erubis -c '{var: "AAA\n"}' tailnewline.rhtml
+<div>
+AAA
+</div>
+.====================
+
+
+.$$ '<%% %>' and '<%%= %>'	| topics-doublepercent
+
+Since 2.6.0, '<%% %>' and '<%%= %>' are converted into '<% %>' and '<%= %>' respectively.
+This is for compatibility with ERB.
+
+.? doublepercent.rhtml:
+.--------------------
+<ul>
+<%% for item in @list %>
+  <li><%%= item %></li>
+<%% end %>
+</ul>
+.--------------------
+
+.? result:
+.====================
+$ erubis doublepercent.rhtml
+<ul>
+<% for item in @list %>
+  <li><%= item %></li>
+<% end %>
+</ul>
+.====================
+
+
+
+.$$ evaluate(context) v.s. result(binding)	| topics-context-vs-binding
+
+It is recommended to use 'Erubis::Eruby#evaluate(context)' instead of 'Erubis::Eruby#result(binding)' because Ruby's Binding object has some problems.
+
+.* It is not able to specify variables to use.
+   Using binding() method, all of local variables are passed to templates.
+.* Changing local variables in templates may affect to varialbes in main program.
+   If you assign '10' to local variable 'x' in templates, it may change variable 'x' in main program unintendedly.
+
+The following example shows that assignment of some values into variable 'x' in templates affect to local variable 'x' in main program unintendedly.
+
+.? template1.rhtml (intended to be passed 'items' from main program)
+.-------------------- template1.rhtml
+<% for {{*x*}} in {{*items*}} %>
+item = <%= x %>
+<% end %>
+** debug: local variables=<%= local_variables().inspect() %>
+.--------------------
+
+.? main_program1.rb (intended to pass 'items' to template)
+.-------------------- main_program1.rb
+require 'erubis'
+eruby = Erubis::Eruby.new(File.read('template1.rhtml'))
+items = ['foo', 'bar', 'baz']
+x = 1
+## local variable 'x' and 'eruby' are passed to template as well as 'items'!
+print {{*eruby.result(binding())*}}    
+## local variable 'x' is changed unintendedly because it is changed in template!
+puts "** debug: x=#{x.inspect}"  #=> "baz"
+.--------------------
+
+.? Result:
+.==================== main_program1.result
+$ ruby main_program1.rb
+item = foo
+item = bar
+item = baz
+** debug: local variables=["eruby", "items", "x", "_buf"]
+** debug: x="baz"
+.====================
+
+This problem is caused because Ruby's Binding class is poor to use in template engine.
+Binding class should support the following features.
+
+.--------------------
+b = Binding.new     # create empty Binding object
+b['x'] = 1          # set local variables using binding object
+.--------------------
+
+But the above features are not implemented in Ruby.
+
+A pragmatic solution is to use 'Erubis::Eruby#evaluate(context)' instead of 'Erubis::Eruby#result(binding)'.
+'evaluate(context)' uses Erubis::Context object and instance variables instead of Binding object and local variables.
+
+.? template2.rhtml (intended to be passed '@items' from main program)
+.-------------------- template2.rhtml
+<% for {{*x*}} in {{*@items*}} %>
+item = <%= x %>
+<% end %>
+** debug: local variables=<%= local_variables().inspect() %>
+.--------------------
+
+.? main_program2.rb (intended to pass '@items' to template)
+.-------------------- main_program2.rb
+require 'erubis'
+eruby = Erubis::Eruby.new(File.read('template2.rhtml'))
+items = ['foo', 'bar', 'baz']
+x = 1
+## only 'items' are passed to template
+print {{*eruby.evaluate(:items=>items)*}}    
+## local variable 'x' is not changed!
+puts "** debug: x=#{x.inspect}"  #=> 1
+.--------------------
+
+.? Result:
+.==================== main_program2.result
+$ ruby main_program2.rb
+item = foo
+item = bar
+item = baz
+** debug: local variables=["_context", "x", "_buf"]
+** debug: x=1
+.====================
+
+
+
+.$$ Class Erubis::FastEruby	| topics-fasteruby
+
+[experimental]
+
+Erubis provides Erubis::FastEruby class which includes {{<InterpolationEnhancer|#interpolation-enhancer>}} and {{<works faster than Erubis::Eruby class|#topics-benchmark>}}.
+If you desire more speed, try Erubis::FastEruby class.
+
+.? File 'fasteruby.rhtml':
+.-------------------- fasteruby.rhtml
+<html>
+  <body>
+    <h1><%== @title %></h1>
+    <table>
+<% i = 0 %>
+<% for item in @list %>
+<%   i += 1 %>
+      <tr>
+        <td><%= i %></td>
+        <td><%== item %></td>
+      </tr>
+<% end %>
+    </table>
+  </body>
+</html>
+.--------------------
+
+
+.? File 'fasteruby.rb':
+.-------------------- fasteruby.rb
+require 'erubis'
+input = File.read('fasteruby.rhtml')
+eruby = {{*Erubis::FastEruby.new(input)*}}    # create Eruby object
+
+puts "---------- script source ---"
+puts eruby.src
+
+puts "---------- result ----------"
+context = { :title=>'Example', :list=>['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc'] }
+output = eruby.evaluate(context)
+print output
+.--------------------
+
+.? output
+.==================== fasteruby.result
+$ ruby fasteruby.rb
+---------- script source ---
+_buf = ''; _buf << {{*%Q`*}}<html>
+  <body>
+    <h1>{{*#{Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( @title )}*}}</h1>
+    <table>\n{{*`*}}
+ i = 0 
+ for item in @list 
+   i += 1 
+ _buf << {{*%Q`*}}      <tr>
+        <td>{{*#{ i }*}}</td>
+        <td>{{*#{Erubis::XmlHelper.escape_xml( item )}*}}</td>
+      </tr>\n{{*`*}}
+ end 
+ _buf << {{*%Q`*}}    </table>
+  </body>
+</html>\n{{*`*}}
+_buf.to_s
+---------- result ----------
+<html>
+  <body>
+    <h1>Example</h1>
+    <table>
+      <tr>
+        <td>1</td>
+        <td>aaa</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>2</td>
+        <td>bbb</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>3</td>
+        <td>ccc</td>
+      </tr>
+    </table>
+  </body>
+</html>
+.====================
+
+
+
+.$$ Syntax Checking		| topics-syntax
+
+Command-line option '-z' checks syntax. It is similar to 'erubis -x file.rhtml | ruby -wc', but it can take several file names.
+
+.? example of command-line option '-z'
+.====================
+$ erubis {{*-z*}} app/views/*/*.rhtml
+Syntax OK
+.====================
+
+
+
+.$$ File Caching		| topics-caching
+
+Erubis::Eruby.load_file(filename) convert file into Ruby script and return Eruby object.
+In addition, it caches converted Ruby script into cache file (filename + '.cache') if cache file is old or not exist.
+If cache file exists and is newer than eruby file, Erubis::Eruby.load_file() loads cache file.
+
+.? example of Erubis::Eruby.load_file()
+.--------------------
+require 'erubis'
+filename = 'example.rhtml'
+eruby = {{*Erubis::Eruby.load_file(filename)*}}
+cachename = filename + '.cache'
+if test(?f, cachename)
+  puts "*** cache file '#{cachename}' created."
+end
+.--------------------
+
+Since 2.6.0, it is able to specify cache filename.
+
+.? specify cache filename.
+.--------------------
+filename = 'example.rhtml'
+eruby = Erubis::Eruby.load_file(filename, :cachename=>filename+'.cache')
+.--------------------
+
+Caching makes Erubis about 40-50 percent faster than no-caching.
+See {{<benchmark|#topics-benchmark>}} for details.
+
+
+
+.$$ Erubis::TinyEruby class	| topics-tinyeruby
+
+Erubis::TinyEruby class in 'erubis/tiny.rb' is the smallest implementation of eRuby.
+If you don't need any enhancements of Erubis and only require simple eRuby implementation,
+try Erubis::TinyEruby class.
+
+
+
+.$$ NoTextEnhancer and NoCodeEnhancer in PHP	| topics-php
+
+NoTextEnhancer and NoCodEnahncer are quite useful not only for eRuby but also for PHP.
+The former "drops" HTML text and show up embedded Ruby/PHP code
+and the latter drops embedded Ruby/PHP code and leave HTML text.
+
+For example, see the following PHP script.
+
+.? notext-example.php
+.-------------------- notext-example.php
+<html>
+  <body>
+    <h3>List</h3>
+    <?php if (!$list || count($list) == 0) { ?>
+    <p>not found.</p>
+    <?php } else { ?>
+    <table>
+      <tbody>
+        <?php $i = 0; ?>
+        <?php foreach ($list as $item) { ?>
+        <tr bgcolor="<?php echo ++$i % 2 == 1 ? '#FFCCCC' : '#CCCCFF'; ?>">
+          <td><?php echo $item; ?></td>
+        </tr>
+        <?php } ?>
+      </tbody>
+    </table>
+    <?php } ?>
+  </body>
+</html>
+.--------------------
+
+This is complex because PHP code and HTML document are mixed.
+NoTextEnhancer can separate PHP code from HTML document.
+
+.? example of using NoTextEnhancer with PHP file
+.==================== notext-php.result
+$ erubis -l php --pi=php -N -E NoText --trim=false notext-example.php
+    1:  
+    2:  
+    3:  
+    4:      <?php if (!$list || count($list) == 0) { ?>
+    5:  
+    6:      <?php } else { ?>
+    7:  
+    8:  
+    9:          <?php $i = 0; ?>
+   10:          <?php foreach ($list as $item) { ?>
+   11:                       <?php echo ++$i % 2 == 1 ? '#FFCCCC' : '#CCCCFF'; ?>
+   12:                <?php echo $item; ?>
+   13:  
+   14:          <?php } ?>
+   15:  
+   16:  
+   17:      <?php } ?>
+   18:  
+   19:  
+.====================
+
+In the same way, NoCodeEnhancer can extract HTML tags.
+
+.? example of using NoCodeEnhancer with PHP file
+.==================== nocode-php.result
+$ erubis -l php --pi=php -N -E NoCode --trim=false notext-example.php
+    1:  <html>
+    2:    <body>
+    3:      <h3>List</h3>
+    4:      
+    5:      <p>not found.</p>
+    6:      
+    7:      <table>
+    8:        <tbody>
+    9:          
+   10:          
+   11:          <tr bgcolor="">
+   12:            <td></td>
+   13:          </tr>
+   14:          
+   15:        </tbody>
+   16:      </table>
+   17:      
+   18:    </body>
+   19:  </html>
+.====================
+
+
+
+.$$ Helper Class for mod_ruby		| topcs-modruby
+
+Thanks Andrew R Jackson, he developed 'erubis-run.rb' which enables you to use Erubis with mod_ruby.
+
+.1) Copy 'erubis-$Release$/contrib/erubis-run.rb' to the 'RUBYLIBDIR/apache' directory (for example '/usr/local/lib/ruby/1.8/apache') which contains 'ruby-run.rb', 'eruby-run.rb', and so on.
+     .====================
+     $ cd erubis-$Release$/
+     $ sudo copy contrib/erubis-run.rb /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.8/apache/
+     .====================
+.2) Add the following example to your 'httpd.conf' (for example '/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf')
+     .--------------------
+     LoadModule ruby_module modules/mod_ruby.so
+     <IfModule mod_ruby.c>
+       RubyRequire apache/ruby-run
+       RubyRequire apache/eruby-run
+       RubyRequire apache/erubis-run
+       <Location /erubis>
+         SetHandler ruby-object
+         RubyHandler Apache::ErubisRun.instance
+       </Location>
+       <Files *.rhtml>
+         SetHandler ruby-object
+         RubyHandler Apache::ErubisRun.instance
+       </Files>
+     </IfModule>
+     .--------------------
+.3) Restart Apache web server.
+     .====================
+     $ sudo /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop
+     $ sudo /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
+     .====================
+.4) Create *.rhtml file, for example:
+     .--------------------
+     <html>
+      <body>
+       Now is <%= Time.now %>
+       Erubis version is <%= Erubis::VERSION %>
+      </body>
+     </html>
+     .--------------------
+.5) Change mode of your directory to be writable by web server process.
+     .====================
+     $ cd /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/erubis
+     $ sudo chgrp daemon .
+     $ sudo chmod 775 .
+     .====================
+.6) Access the *.rhtml file and you'll get the web page.
+
+You must set your directories to be writable by web server process, because
+Apache::ErubisRun calls Erubis::Eruby.load_file() internally which creates cache files
+in the same directory in which '*.rhtml' file exists.
+
+
+.$$ Helper CGI Script for Apache	| topics-index-cgi
+
+Erubis provides helper CGI script for Apache.
+Using this script, it is very easy to publish *.rhtml files as *.html.
+
+.====================
+### install Erubis
+$ tar xzf erubis-X.X.X.tar.gz
+$ cd erubis-X.X.X/
+$ ruby setup.py install
+### copy files to ~/public_html
+$ mkdir -p ~/public_html
+$ cp public_html/_htaccess   ~/public_html/.htaccess
+$ cp public_html/index.cgi   ~/public_html/
+$ cp public_html/index.rhtml ~/public_html/
+### add executable permission to index.cgi
+$ chmod a+x ~/public_html/index.cgi
+### edit .htaccess
+$ vi ~/public_html/.htaccess
+### (optional) edit index.cgi to configure
+$ vi ~/public_html/index.cgi
+.====================
+
+Edit ~/public_html/.htaccess and modify user name.
+
+.? ~/public_html/.htaccess
+.--------------------
+## enable mod_rewrie
+RewriteEngine on
+## deny access to *.rhtml and *.cache
+#RewriteRule \.(rhtml|cache)$ - [R=404,L]
+RewriteRule \.(rhtml|cache)$ - [F,L]
+## rewrite only if requested file is not found
+RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} !-f
+## handle request to *.html and directories by index.cgi
+RewriteRule (\.html|/|^)$ /~{{*username*}}/index.cgi
+#RewriteRule (\.html|/|^)$ index.cgi
+.--------------------
+
+After these steps, *.rhtml will be published as *.html.
+For example, if you access to {{,http://{{/host/}}.{{/domain/}}/~{{/username/}}/index.html,}} (or {{,http://{{/host/}}.{{/domain/}}/~{{/username/}}/,}}), file {{,~/public_html/index.rhtml,}} will be displayed.
+
+
+.$$ Define method	| topics-defmethod
+
+Erubis::Eruby#def_method() defines instance method or singleton method.
+
+.-------------------- def_method.rb
+require 'erubis'
+s = "hello <%= name %>"
+eruby = Erubis::Eruby.new(s)
+filename = 'hello.rhtml'
+
+## define instance method to Dummy class (or module)
+class Dummy; end
+{{*eruby.def_method(Dummy, 'render(name)', filename)*}}  # filename is optional
+p Dummy.new.render('world')    #=> "hello world"
+
+## define singleton method to dummy object
+obj = Object.new
+{{*eruby.def_method(obj, 'render(name)', filename)*}}    # filename is optional
+p obj.render('world')          #=> "hello world"
+.--------------------
+
+.#+++
+.==================== def_method.result
+$ ruby def_method.rb
+"hello world"
+"hello world"
+.====================
+.#---
+
+
+.$$ Benchmark		| topics-benchmark
+
+A benchmark script is included in Erubis package at 'erubis-$Release$/benchark/' directory.
+Here is an example result of benchmark.
+
+.? MacOS X 10.4 Tiger, Intel CoreDuo 1.83GHz, Ruby1.8.6, eruby1.0.5, gcc4.0.1
+.====================
+$ cd erubis-$Release$/benchmark/
+$ ruby bench.rb -n 10000 -m execute
+*** ntimes=10000, testmode=execute
+                                    user     system      total        real
+eruby                          12.720000   0.240000  {{*12.960000*}} ( 12.971888)
+ERB                            36.760000   0.350000  {{*37.110000*}} ( 37.112019)
+ERB(cached)                    11.990000   0.440000  {{*12.430000*}} ( 12.430375)
+Erubis::Eruby                  10.840000   0.300000  {{*11.140000*}} ( 11.144426)
+Erubis::Eruby(cached)           7.540000   0.410000   {{*7.950000*}} (  7.969305)
+Erubis::FastEruby              10.440000   0.300000  {{*10.740000*}} ( 10.737808)
+Erubis::FastEruby(cached)       6.940000   0.410000   {{*7.350000*}} (  7.353666)
+Erubis::TinyEruby               9.550000   0.290000   9.840000 (  9.851729)
+Erubis::ArrayBufferEruby       11.010000   0.300000  11.310000 ( 11.314339)
+Erubis::PrintOutEruby          11.640000   0.290000  11.930000 ( 11.942141)
+Erubis::StdoutEruby            11.590000   0.300000  11.890000 ( 11.886512)
+.#$ ruby erubybench.rb -n 10000 -m execute
+.### execute
+.#                                    user     system      total        real
+.#eruby                          12.870000   0.290000  {{*13.160000*}} ( 14.020219)
+.#ERB                            37.090000   0.460000  {{*37.550000*}} ( 39.639027)
+.#Erubis::Eruby                  11.420000   0.330000  {{*11.750000*}} ( 12.385562)
+.#Erubis::Eruby(cached)           7.580000   0.440000   {{*8.020000*}} (  8.536019)
+.#Erubis::ArrayBufferEruby       11.550000   0.340000  11.890000 ( 12.597665)
+.#Erubis::SimplifiedEruby        10.410000   0.320000  10.730000 ( 11.406730)
+.#Erubis::StdoutEruby            12.170000   0.340000  12.510000 ( 13.252177)
+.#Erubis::PrintOutEruby          12.070000   0.330000  12.400000 ( 13.142734)
+.#Erubis::TinyEruby               9.710000   0.320000  10.030000 ( 10.771446)
+.#Erubis::PI::Eruby              12.010000   0.340000  12.350000 ( 13.104801)
+.====================
+
+This shows that...
+.* Erubis::Eruby runs more than 10 percent faster than eruby.
+.* Erubis::Eruby runs about 3 times faster than ERB.
+.* Caching (by Erubis::Eruby.load_file()) makes Erubis about 40-50 percent faster.
+.* Erubis::FastEruby is a litte faster than Erubis::Eruby.
+.* Array buffer (ArrayBufferEnhancer) is a little slower than string buffer (StringBufferEnhancer which Erubis::Eruby includes)
+.* $stdout and print() make Erubis a little slower.
+.* Erubis::TinyEruby (at 'erubis/tiny.rb') is the fastest in all eRuby implementations when no caching.
+
+Escaping HTML characters (such as '< > & "') makes Erubis more faster than eruby and ERB,
+because Erubis::XmlHelper#escape_xml() works faster than CGI.escapeHTML() and ERB::Util#h().
+The following shows that Erubis runs more than 40 percent (when no-cached) or 90 percent (when cached) faster than eruby if HTML characters are escaped.
+
+.? When escaping HTML characters with option '-e'
+.====================
+$ ruby bench.rb -n 10000 -m execute -ep
+*** ntimes=10000, testmode=execute
+                                    user     system      total        real
+eruby                          21.700000   0.290000  {{*21.990000*}} ( 22.050687)
+ERB                            45.140000   0.390000  {{*45.530000*}} ( 45.536976)
+ERB(cached)                    20.340000   0.470000  {{*20.810000*}} ( 20.822653)
+Erubis::Eruby                  14.830000   0.310000  {{*15.140000*}} ( 15.147930)
+Erubis::Eruby(cached)          11.090000   0.420000  {{*11.510000*}} ( 11.514954)
+Erubis::FastEruby              14.850000   0.310000  {{*15.160000*}} ( 15.172499)
+Erubis::FastEruby(cached)      10.970000   0.430000  {{*11.400000*}} ( 11.399605)
+Erubis::ArrayBufferEruby       14.970000   0.300000  15.270000 ( 15.281061)
+Erubis::PrintOutEruby          15.780000   0.300000  16.080000 ( 16.088289)
+Erubis::StdoutEruby            15.840000   0.310000  16.150000 ( 16.235338)
+.#$ ruby erubybench.rb -n 10000 -m execute -e
+.### execute
+.#                                    user     system      total        real
+.#eruby                          22.730000   0.350000  {{*23.080000*}} ( 24.815081)
+.#ERB                            46.590000   0.520000  {{*47.110000*}} ( 50.360891)
+.#Erubis::Eruby                  16.750000   0.360000  {{*17.110000*}} ( 18.253436)
+.#Erubis::Eruby(cached)          12.540000   0.450000  {{*12.990000*}} ( 13.935044)
+.#Erubis::ArrayBufferEruby       16.860000   0.370000  17.230000 ( 18.373771)
+.#Erubis::SimplifiedEruby        15.750000   0.350000  16.100000 ( 17.344105)
+.#Erubis::StdoutEruby            17.650000   0.360000  18.010000 ( 19.194326)
+.#Erubis::PrintOutEruby          17.560000   0.360000  17.920000 ( 19.293728)
+.#Erubis::TinyEruby              16.300000   0.350000  16.650000 ( 17.887278)
+.#Erubis::PI::Eruby              17.210000   0.360000  17.570000 ( 18.836510)
+.====================
+
+
+
+.#.? Env: Linux FedoraCore4, Celeron 667MHz, Mem512MB, Ruby1.8.4, eruby1.0.5
+.#.____________________
+.#                                        user     system      total        real
+.#ERuby                             131.990000   1.900000 133.890000 (135.061456)
+.#ERB                               385.040000   3.180000 388.220000 (391.570653)
+.#Erubis::Eruby                     127.750000   2.520000 130.270000 (131.385922)
+.#Erubis::StringBufferEruby         167.610000   2.600000 170.210000 (171.712798)
+.#.#Erubis::SimplifiedEruby         121.400000   2.210000 123.610000 (124.663233)
+.#Erubis::StdoutEruby                92.790000   2.000000  94.790000 ( 95.532633)
+.#.#Erubis::StdoutSimplifiedEruby    89.260000   2.190000  91.450000 ( 92.164058)
+.#.#Erubis::PrintOutEruby            92.730000   1.940000  94.670000 ( 95.417965)
+.#.#Erubis::PrintOutSimplifiedEruby  82.030000   2.190000  84.220000 ( 84.879534)
+.#Erubis::TinyEruby                 118.720000   2.250000 120.970000 (122.022996)
+.#Erubis::TinyStdoutEruby            87.130000   2.030000  89.160000 ( 89.879538)
+.#.#Erubis::TinyPrintEruby           84.160000   1.940000  86.100000 ( 86.774579)
+.#.____________________
+.#.#____________________
+.#.#                                        user     system      total        real
+.#.#ERuby                             138.280000   1.900000 140.180000 (141.470426)
+.#.#ERB                               402.220000   3.190000 405.410000 (408.886894)
+.#.#Erubis::Eruby                     147.080000   2.400000 149.480000 (150.752255)
+.#.#Erubis::StringBufferEruby         186.130000   2.600000 188.730000 (190.374098)
+.#.#Erubis::SimplifiedEruby           130.100000   2.210000 132.310000 (133.426010)
+.#.#Erubis::StdoutEruby               106.010000   2.130000 108.140000 (108.999193)
+.#.#Erubis::StdoutSimplifiedEruby      97.130000   2.180000  99.310000 (100.104433)
+.#.#.#Erubis::PrintOutEruby           109.900000   2.090000 111.990000 (112.854442)
+.#.#.#Erubis::PrintOutSimplifiedEruby  93.120000   2.140000  95.260000 ( 96.002970)
+.#.#Erubis::TinyEruby                 118.740000   2.360000 121.100000 (122.141380)
+.#.#Erubis::TinyStdoutEruby            86.140000   1.840000  87.980000 ( 88.679196)
+.#.#.#Erubis::TinyPrintEruby           86.540000   1.970000  88.510000 ( 89.208078)
+.#.#.____________________
+.#
+.#.? Env: MacOS X 10.4, PowerPC 1.42GHz, Mem1.5GB, Ruby1.8.4, eruby1.0.5
+.#.____________________
+.#                                        user     system      total        real
+.#ERuby                              55.040000   2.120000  57.160000 ( 89.311397)
+.#ERB                               103.960000   3.480000 107.440000 (159.231792)
+.#Erubis::Eruby                      36.130000   1.570000  37.700000 ( 52.188574)
+.#Erubis::StringBufferEruby          47.270000   1.980000  49.250000 ( 73.867537)
+.#.#Erubis::SimplifiedEruby            34.310000   1.600000  35.910000 ( 51.762841)
+.#Erubis::StdoutEruby                26.240000   1.490000  27.730000 ( 41.840430)
+.#.#Erubis::StdoutSimplifiedEruby      25.380000   1.340000  26.720000 ( 37.231918)
+.#.#Erubis::PrintOutEruby              26.850000   1.260000  28.110000 ( 38.378227)
+.#.#Erubis::PrintOutSimplifiedEruby    24.160000   1.280000  25.440000 ( 40.048199)
+.#Erubis::TinyEruby                  31.690000   1.590000  33.280000 ( 49.862091)
+.#Erubis::TinyStdoutEruby            22.550000   1.230000  23.780000 ( 33.316978)
+.#.#Erubis::TinyPrintEruby             22.340000   1.150000  23.490000 ( 33.577150)
+.#.____________________
+.#
+.#This shows that:
+.#.* Erubis::Eruby is about 3 times faster than ERB.
+.#.* Erubis::Eruby is about 3% faster than ERuby in linux or 1.5 times faster in Mac.
+.#.#.* Erubis::SimplifiedEruby (which incudes SimplifiedEnhander) is faster than ERuby.
+.#.* String buffer (StringBufferEnhancer) is slower than array buffer (ArrayBufferEnhancer which Erubis::Eruby includes)
+.#.* Using $stdout is faster than array buffer and string buffer.
+.#.* Erubis::TinyEruby (at 'erubis/tiny.rb') and it's subclasses are the fastest in all eRuby implementation.
+.#
+
+
+.$ Command Reference	| command
+
+
+
+.$$ Usage		| command-usage
+
+erubis [..options..] [{{/file/}} ...]
+
+
+
+.$$ Options		| command-options
+
+  .[ -h, --help    ]	Help.
+  .[ -v            ]	Release version.
+  .[ -x            ]	Show compiled source.
+  .[ -X            ]	Show compiled source but only Ruby code.
+			This is equivarent to '-E NoText'.
+  .[ -N            ]	Numbering: add line numbers. (for '-x/-X')
+  .[ -U            ]	Unique mode: zip empty lines into a line. (for '-x/-X')
+  .[ -C            ]	Compact: remove empty lines. (for '-x/-X')
+  .[ -b            ]	Body only: no preamble nor postamble. (for '-x/-X')
+			This is equivarent to '--preamble=false --postamble=false'.
+  .[ -z            ]	Syntax checking.
+.#  .[ -T            ]	No trimming spaces around '<% %>'.
+.#			This is equivarent to '--trim=false'.
+  .[ -e            ]	Escape. This is equivarent to '-E Escape'.
+  .[ -p pattern    ]	Embedded pattern (default '<% %>').
+			This is equivarent to '--pattern={{/pattern/}}'.
+  .[ -l lang       ]	Language name.
+			This option makes erubis command to compile script but no execute.
+.#  .[ -C class      ]	Class name (Eruby, XmlEruby, ...) to compile. (default Eruby).
+  .[ -E enhacers   ]	Enhancer name (Escape, PercentLine, ...).
+			It is able to specify several enhancer name separating with ','
+			(ex. -f Escape,PercentLine,HeaderFooter).
+  .[ -I path       ]	Require library path ($:).
+			It is able to specify several paths separating with ','
+			(ex. -f path1,path2,path3).
+  .[ -K kanji      ]	Kanji code (euc, sjis, utf8, or none) (default none).
+  .[ -f datafile   ]	Context data file in YAML format ('*.yaml', '*.yml') or
+                        Ruby script ('*.rb').
+			It is able to specify several filenames separating with ','
+			(ex. -f file1,file2,file3).
+  .[ -c context    ]	Context data string in YAML inline style or Ruby code.
+.#  .[ -t            ]	Expand tab characters in YAML file.
+  .[ -T            ]	Don't expand tab characters in YAML file.
+  .[ -S            ]	Convert mapping key from string to symbol in YAML file.
+  .[ -B		   ]	invoke Eruby#result() instead of Eruby#evaluate()
+  .[ --pi[=name]   ]	parse '<?name ... ?>' instead of '<% ... %>'
+  .[ --trim=false  ]	No trimming spaces around '<% %>'.
+
+
+
+.$$ Properties	   	| command-props
+
+Some Eruby classes can take optional properties to change it's compile option.
+For example, property '--indent="  "' may change indentation of compiled source code.
+Try 'erubis -h' for details.
+