equipoise 0.1.0

checksums.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+SHA256:
+  metadata.gz: de1fcce8a6fbfaed1a0009371d6350128ac310533cbbd52baf0f0883f8d9cdcf
+  data.tar.gz: d2ea1aced1956bba17728d81a0677900010b4ad8d041397756bd8fd09b0459f6
+SHA512:
+  metadata.gz: d9a0dacc4037a20322ed758c1ee56999d50a8bde0585bb0e9bd47f4e363c52bdf0df121ef6b0d2bf4832705e54d2eb183633ebf15891333294cac45e1187de74
+  data.tar.gz: 8808b757de5b892e82a106162c77372d7e9baafce7a67ac9162d362a5751cf65ee023db04430409d25a9e410730c0bf3f55b541446d5d1e61d03b8af2c2bd8da

data/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Changelog
+
+All notable changes to the `equipoise` gem are documented here. The format
+follows [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/); the project uses
+semantic versioning once published.
+
+## [Unreleased]
+
+### Added
+
+- **Activity / event ingestion** — `contacts.record_activity(external_id:,
+  event_type:, label:, occurred_at:, metadata:)` posts an external event onto a
+  contact's timeline, plus `contacts.subscribe` / `contacts.unsubscribe`
+  convenience wrappers (the subscription events toggle `Contact#subscribed` and
+  log the change server-side).
+- Producer-safety hardening (from AMP integration feedback):
+  - **Environment/key-prefix guard** — `Configuration#validate!` refuses an
+    `eq_test_` key pointed at the production host (test creds → live CRM) and an
+    `eq_live_` key pointed at localhost. Kills the "test key wrote into the real
+    CRM" footgun for every producer.
+  - **`Equipoise::Error#retryable?`** taxonomy — `true` for 429/5xx and any
+    `ConnectionError`, `false` for every 4xx. A producer's job becomes
+    `rescue Equipoise::Error => e; raise if e.retryable?`.
+  - **`Equipoise.disable!` / `enable!` / `disabled?`** test mode — when disabled,
+    the client short-circuits to a no-op before any network call or validation,
+    so a stray `EQUIPOISE_API_KEY` in a test env can't make a live call.
+- Initial producer client (External CRM Sync, S12):
+  - `Equipoise.configure` / `Equipoise.client` with env-based, rotation-aware
+    credentials.
+  - `client.contacts.sync` / `batch_sync` (chunks to 500, deterministic per-chunk
+    `Idempotency-Key`) / `deactivate` / `find`.
+  - `client.custom_fields` declare/list/get/update/delete.
+  - Typed errors (`AuthenticationError`, `ForbiddenError`, `NotFoundError`,
+    `ConflictError`, `ValidationError#details`, `RateLimitError#retry_after`,
+    `ServerError`, `ConnectionError`).
+  - Bounded retry/backoff on 429 + 5xx + network errors; `use_ssl` derived from
+    the URL scheme (local `http` works).
+  - Optional Rails add-on: `Equipoise::Syncable` concern + `rails g
+    equipoise:install`.

data/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+
+                                 Apache License
+                           Version 2.0, January 2004
+                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+   1. Definitions.
+
+      "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
+      and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
+
+      "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
+      the copyright owner that is granting the License.
+
+      "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
+      other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
+      control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
+      "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
+      direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
+      otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
+      outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+
+      "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
+      exercising permissions granted by this License.
+
+      "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
+      including but not limited to software source code, documentation
+      source, and configuration files.
+
+      "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
+      transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
+      not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
+      and conversions to other media types.
+
+      "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
+      Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
+      copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
+      (an example is provided in the Appendix below).
+
+      "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
+      form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
+      editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
+      represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
+      of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
+      separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of,
+      the Work and Derivative Works thereof.
+
+      "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
+      the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions
+      to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally
+      submitted to Licensor for inclusion in the Work by the copyright owner
+      or by an individual or Legal Entity authorized to submit on behalf of
+      the copyright owner. For the purposes of this definition, "submitted"
+      means any form of electronic, verbal, or written communication sent
+      to the Licensor or its representatives, including but not limited to
+      communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems,
+      and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, the
+      Licensor for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but
+      excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise
+      designated in writing by the copyright owner as "Not a Contribution."
+
+      "Contributor" shall mean Licensor and any individual or Legal Entity
+      on behalf of whom a Contribution has been received by Licensor and
+      subsequently incorporated within the Work.
+
+   2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
+      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
+      copyright license to reproduce, prepare Derivative Works of,
+      publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute the
+      Work and such Derivative Works in Source or Object form.
+
+   3. Grant of Patent License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
+      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
+      (except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made,
+      use, offer to sell, sell, import, and otherwise transfer the Work,
+      where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable
+      by such Contributor that are necessarily infringed by their
+      Contribution(s) alone or by combination of their Contribution(s)
+      with the Work to which such Contribution(s) was submitted. If You
+      institute patent litigation against any entity (including a
+      cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the Work
+      or a Contribution incorporated within the Work constitutes direct
+      or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses
+      granted to You under this License for that Work shall terminate
+      as of the date such litigation is filed.
+
+   4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the
+      Work or Derivative Works thereof in any medium, with or without
+      modifications, and in Source or Object form, provided that You
+      meet the following conditions:
+
+      (a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or
+          Derivative Works a copy of this License; and
+
+      (b) You must cause any modified files to carry prominent notices
+          stating that You changed the files; and
+
+      (c) You must retain, in the Source form of any Derivative Works
+          that You distribute, all copyright, patent, trademark, and
+          attribution notices from the Source form of the Work,
+          excluding those notices that do not pertain to any part of
+          the Derivative Works; and
+
+      (d) If the Work includes a "NOTICE" text file as part of its
+          distribution, then any Derivative Works that You distribute must
+          include a readable copy of the attribution notices contained
+          within such NOTICE file, excluding those notices that do not
+          pertain to any part of the Derivative Works, in at least one
+          of the following places: within a NOTICE text file distributed
+          as part of the Derivative Works; within the Source form or
+          documentation, if provided along with the Derivative Works; or,
+          within a display generated by the Derivative Works, if and
+          wherever such third-party notices normally appear. The contents
+          of the NOTICE file are for informational purposes only and
+          do not modify the License. You may add Your own attribution
+          notices within Derivative Works that You distribute, alongside
+          or as an addendum to the NOTICE text from the Work, provided
+          that such additional attribution notices cannot be construed
+          as modifying the License.
+
+      You may add Your own copyright statement to Your modifications and
+      may provide additional or different license terms and conditions
+      for use, reproduction, or distribution of Your modifications, or
+      for any such Derivative Works as a whole, provided Your use,
+      reproduction, and distribution of the Work otherwise complies with
+      the conditions stated in this License.
+
+   5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise,
+      any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
+      by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of
+      this License, without any additional terms or conditions.
+      Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify
+      the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
+      with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
+
+   6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
+      names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor,
+      except as required for reasonable and customary use in describing the
+      origin of the Work and reproducing the content of the NOTICE file.
+
+   7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
+      agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
+      Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+      WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+      implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions
+      of TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, or FITNESS FOR A
+      PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You are solely responsible for determining the
+      appropriateness of using or redistributing the Work and assume any
+      risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License.
+
+   8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
+      whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
+      unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly
+      negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
+      liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special,
+      incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a
+      result of this License or out of the use or inability to use the
+      Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill,
+      work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
+      other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor
+      has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
+
+   9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
+      the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer,
+      and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity,
+      or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this
+      License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only
+      on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
+      of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
+      defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
+      incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
+      of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
+
+   END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+   APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
+
+      To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
+      boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]"
+      replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include
+      the brackets!)  The text should be enclosed in the appropriate
+      comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a
+      file or class name and description of purpose be included on the
+      same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier
+      identification within third-party archives.
+
+   Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
+
+   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+   You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.

data/NOTICE

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Equipoise Ruby Client
+Copyright 2026 Equipoise (Mind Tonic)
+
+This product includes software developed at Equipoise.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this software except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+See the LICENSE file distributed with this software for the full terms.

data/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+# equipoise
+
+Ruby client for the [Equipoise](https://app.equipoi.se) **External CRM Sync API**.
+
+A "producer" (a Rails app like AMP, a Stripe importer, a spreadsheet job, …)
+uses this gem to upsert its people into an Equipoise account's CRM as Contacts.
+The gem is a **thin transport** — all business logic (matching, de-duplication,
+tag reconciliation, custom-field coercion) lives server-side in the receiver's
+`Crm::ContactSyncService`. This client just handles auth, JSON, idempotency,
+bounded retry/backoff, and typed errors.
+
+- **Contract:** [`EXTERNAL_CRM_SYNC_API.openapi.yaml`](../../documentation/integrations/EXTERNAL_CRM_SYNC_API.openapi.yaml) (OpenAPI 3.1)
+- **Guide:** [`EXTERNAL_CRM_SYNC.md`](../../documentation/integrations/EXTERNAL_CRM_SYNC.md)
+
+> Pre-1.0 and unpublished — consumed by AMP as a `path:`/git dependency first,
+> published to RubyGems only once proven.
+
+## Install
+
+```ruby
+# In the producer app's Gemfile
+gem "equipoise", path: "../equipoise/gems/equipoise"   # or git:
+```
+
+## Configure
+
+`api_key` and `base_url` are read from `EQUIPOISE_API_KEY` / `EQUIPOISE_API_URL`
+**automatically**, on every request — so rotating the secret in the environment
+needs no redeploy. `configure` just sets the `source` (and any overrides):
+
+```ruby
+Equipoise.configure do |c|
+  c.source = "AMP" # this producer's source id (case-sensitive)
+end
+```
+
+Assign `c.api_key` explicitly only if you source the secret elsewhere (e.g.
+Rails credentials) — an explicit value is captured and is no longer
+rotation-aware. For a trusted TLS-terminating internal endpoint reached over
+plain HTTP, set `c.allow_insecure_http = true` (otherwise an `http://` URL to a
+non-loopback host is refused, so the key is never sent in cleartext).
+
+Under Rails, run `rails g equipoise:install` to generate
+`config/initializers/equipoise.rb`.
+
+## Use
+
+```ruby
+# Upsert one contact (201 created / 200 updated; no duplicate on email change).
+res = Equipoise.client.contacts.sync(
+  external_id: user.id, email: user.email, name: user.name, tags: ["AMP"]
+)
+res.sync_status # => "created" | "updated"
+
+# Safe retry of a single sync:
+Equipoise.client.contacts.sync(
+  external_id: user.id, email: user.email, idempotency_key: request_id
+)
+
+# Batch backfill — chunks to ≤500/call, one bad item never fails the batch.
+# It never raises mid-batch: per-item rejections and chunk-level transport
+# failures both come back as failed items, so earlier successes are preserved.
+result = Equipoise.client.contacts.batch_sync(
+  users.map { |u| { external_id: u.id, email: u.email } }
+)
+result.failed.each { |item| log(item[:external_id], item[:errors]) }
+
+# Deactivate when someone leaves the producer (Contact is retained):
+Equipoise.client.contacts.deactivate(external_id: user.id)
+
+# Read back:
+Equipoise.client.contacts.find(external_id: user.id)
+
+# Record an external event on the contact's timeline:
+Equipoise.client.contacts.record_activity(external_id: user.id, event_type: "completed_course", label: "Intro to Ruby")
+# "subscribed"/"unsubscribed" toggle the contact's email subscription + log it:
+Equipoise.client.contacts.unsubscribe(external_id: user.id)
+Equipoise.client.contacts.subscribe(external_id: user.id)
+```
+
+### Errors
+
+Everything inherits from `Equipoise::Error`:
+
+```ruby
+begin
+  Equipoise.client.contacts.sync(external_id: u.id, email: u.email)
+rescue Equipoise::ValidationError => e
+  e.details            # field-level errors
+rescue Equipoise::RateLimitError => e
+  sleep(e.retry_after || 1) # honor Retry-After (nil if the server sent none)
+rescue Equipoise::AuthenticationError, Equipoise::ForbiddenError => e
+  # bad/expired key, missing scope, or source-pinned mismatch
+end
+```
+
+**Retry taxonomy.** Every error answers `#retryable?` (`true` for 429/5xx and
+`ConnectionError`, `false` for 4xx), so a background job is trivially correct
+without memorizing status codes:
+
+```ruby
+class EquipoiseSyncJob < ApplicationJob
+  def perform(user) = Equipoise.client.contacts.sync(**user.equipoise_payload)
+rescue Equipoise::Error => e
+  raise if e.retryable?  # let the queue back off; permanent errors just discard
+  Rails.logger.warn("[equipoise] dropped: #{e.message}")
+end
+```
+
+### Custom fields
+
+Declare the typed fields your source owns (upsert by key); values then ride
+along on a sync via `custom_fields:`:
+
+```ruby
+Equipoise.client.custom_fields.declare(
+  key: "tier", field_type: "select", options: { choices: %w[gold silver] }, source: "AMP"
+)
+Equipoise.client.contacts.sync(external_id: user.id, email: user.email, custom_fields: { tier: "gold" })
+```
+
+### Rails models (optional)
+
+```ruby
+class User < ApplicationRecord
+  include Equipoise::Syncable
+
+  def equipoise_external_id = id.to_s
+  def equipoise_contact_attributes
+    { email:, name: full_name, tags: ["AMP"] }
+  end
+end
+```
+
+The default `equipoise_sync!` posts inline on `after_commit` (create/update).
+In production, override it to enqueue a job so a web request never blocks on the
+round-trip. In development, ensure the queue runs inline or the post never fires.
+Call `deactivate_from_equipoise` from your soft-delete path.
+
+## Testing (in a producer app)
+
+Disable the gem in your test environment so a stray `EQUIPOISE_API_KEY` can never
+make a live call — disabled calls short-circuit to a no-op before any network or
+validation:
+
+```ruby
+# spec/rails_helper.rb (or test env)
+Equipoise.disable!
+```
+
+## Safety guards
+
+- **Environment/key mismatch** — `validate!` refuses an `eq_test_` key aimed at
+  the production host, and an `eq_live_` key aimed at localhost. (Staging /
+  custom-domain hosts are not flagged.)
+- **Cleartext** — refuses an `http://` base_url to any non-loopback host unless
+  `allow_insecure_http = true`.
+
+## Development
+
+The spec suite is DB-less and Rails-less — it runs against a real loopback HTTP
+mock server (`spec/support/mock_server.rb`), which is what proves `use_ssl` is
+derived from the URL scheme rather than hardcoded.
+
+```bash
+bundle install
+bundle exec rspec
+```

data/lib/equipoise/batch_result.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# =============================================================================
+# Equipoise::BatchResult
+# =============================================================================
+#
+# The aggregated outcome of a batch_sync across all chunks. Each item mirrors the
+# server's per-item shape — { external_id:, status:, ok:, errors? } — with symbol
+# keys for ergonomic walking:
+#
+#   result = client.contacts.batch_sync(records)
+#   result.failed.each { |item| retry_one(item[:external_id], item[:errors]) }
+#
+# Used by: Equipoise::Contacts#batch_sync
+# =============================================================================
+
+module Equipoise
+  class BatchResult
+    include Enumerable
+
+    attr_reader :items
+
+    def initialize(raw_items)
+      @items = Array(raw_items).map { |item| Util.symbolize_keys(item) }
+    end
+
+    def each(&block)
+      items.each(&block)
+    end
+
+    def size
+      items.size
+    end
+
+    def succeeded
+      items.select { |item| item[:ok] }
+    end
+
+    def failed
+      items.reject { |item| item[:ok] }
+    end
+
+    def all_ok?
+      items.all? { |item| item[:ok] }
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/equipoise/client.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+# =============================================================================
+# Equipoise::Client
+# =============================================================================
+#
+# The HTTP transport. Holds a Configuration, exposes the resource namespaces
+# (`#contacts`, `#custom_fields`), and performs requests with:
+#
+#   - Bearer auth (`Authorization: Bearer <prefix>.<secret>`) + JSON headers
+#   - TLS chosen from the URL scheme — `use_ssl = uri.scheme == "https"` — so a
+#     local `http://localhost:3000` dev loop works. (Configuration#validate!
+#     refuses an http:// base_url to a non-loopback host so the key is never
+#     sent in cleartext.)
+#   - bounded retry with backoff on transient failures (429 + 5xx + network),
+#     never on a 4xx the producer must handle (422/409/404/403). Backoff honors
+#     a server Retry-After and is capped by max_retry_backoff either way.
+#   - typed errors: every non-2xx becomes an ApiError subclass; every transport
+#     failure becomes a ConnectionError. Nothing raw escapes the gem.
+#
+# No business logic — the receiver (Crm::ContactSyncService) owns all of it.
+#
+# Used by: Equipoise.client, Equipoise::Contacts, Equipoise::CustomFields
+# =============================================================================
+
+module Equipoise
+  class Client
+    RETRYABLE_STATUSES = [429, 500, 502, 503, 504].freeze
+
+    # Transient transport errors worth retrying.
+    RETRYABLE_NETWORK_ERRORS = [
+      Errno::ECONNREFUSED, Errno::ECONNRESET, Errno::EHOSTUNREACH,
+      Net::OpenTimeout, Net::ReadTimeout, SocketError, EOFError, IOError
+    ].freeze
+
+    # Other transport failures — wrapped into ConnectionError but NOT retried
+    # (a TLS cert failure won't fix itself on a retry). Listed after the
+    # retryable rescue, so the more-specific list wins.
+    WRAPPABLE_NETWORK_ERRORS = [
+      OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError, SystemCallError, Net::ProtocolError, Net::HTTPBadResponse
+    ].freeze
+
+    attr_reader :config
+
+    def initialize(config = Equipoise.configuration)
+      @config = config
+    end
+
+    def contacts
+      @contacts ||= Contacts.new(self)
+    end
+
+    def custom_fields
+      @custom_fields ||= CustomFields.new(self)
+    end
+
+    # — Claude authored — the single request chokepoint. Returns a Response on
+    # 2xx; raises a typed ApiError (or ConnectionError) otherwise.
+    def request(method, path, body: nil, query: nil, headers: {})
+      return null_response if config.disabled? # test-mode short-circuit (#5) — before validate! or any I/O
+
+      config.validate!
+      uri     = build_uri(path, query)
+      attempt = 0
+
+      loop do
+        response =
+          begin
+            perform(method, uri, body, headers)
+          rescue *RETRYABLE_NETWORK_ERRORS => e
+            raise wrap_connection_error(e) if attempt >= config.max_retries
+
+            attempt += 1
+            backoff(attempt, nil)
+            next
+          rescue *WRAPPABLE_NETWORK_ERRORS => e
+            raise wrap_connection_error(e)
+          end
+
+        return response if response.success?
+
+        if retryable?(response.status) && attempt < config.max_retries
+          attempt += 1
+          backoff(attempt, response)
+          next
+        end
+
+        raise log_error(ApiError.from_response(response))
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def perform(method, uri, body, extra_headers)
+      http     = build_http(uri)
+      request  = build_request(method, uri, body, extra_headers)
+      raw      = http.start { |conn| conn.request(request) }
+      Response.new(status: raw.code.to_i, headers: header_hash(raw), body: parse_body(raw.body))
+    end
+
+    # The use_ssl fix lives here: derive TLS from the scheme, never hardcode it.
+    def build_http(uri)
+      Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port).tap do |http|
+        http.use_ssl      = uri.scheme == "https"
+        http.open_timeout = config.open_timeout
+        http.read_timeout = config.read_timeout
+      end
+    end
+
+    def build_request(method, uri, body, extra_headers)
+      klass = {
+        get: Net::HTTP::Get, post: Net::HTTP::Post,
+        patch: Net::HTTP::Patch, delete: Net::HTTP::Delete
+      }.fetch(method)
+
+      request = klass.new(uri.request_uri)
+      request["Authorization"] = "Bearer #{config.api_key}"
+      request["Accept"]        = "application/json"
+      request["User-Agent"]    = config.user_agent
+      extra_headers.each { |key, value| request[key] = value }
+
+      if body
+        request["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
+        request.body = JSON.generate(body)
+      end
+
+      request
+    end
+
+    def build_uri(path, query)
+      base = config.base_url.to_s.sub(%r{/\z}, "")
+      uri  = URI.parse("#{base}#{path}")
+      uri.query = URI.encode_www_form(query) if query && !query.empty?
+      uri
+    end
+
+    def header_hash(raw)
+      {}.tap { |h| raw.each_header { |key, value| h[key.downcase] = value } }
+    end
+
+    def parse_body(raw_body)
+      return nil if raw_body.nil? || raw_body.empty?
+
+      JSON.parse(raw_body)
+    rescue JSON::ParserError
+      { "raw" => raw_body }
+    end
+
+    def retryable?(status)
+      RETRYABLE_STATUSES.include?(status)
+    end
+
+    def backoff(attempt, response)
+      delay = backoff_delay(attempt, response)
+      log_retry(attempt, response, delay)
+      sleep(delay) if delay.positive?
+    end
+
+    # Honor a server Retry-After when present, else exponential from
+    # retry_backoff_base — capped by max_retry_backoff in BOTH cases so a raised
+    # max_retries can never block longer than the configured ceiling.
+    def backoff_delay(attempt, response)
+      server = response&.retry_after
+      delay  = server || (config.retry_backoff_base * (2**(attempt - 1)))
+      [delay, config.max_retry_backoff].min
+    end
+
+    def wrap_connection_error(error)
+      log_error(ConnectionError.new(error.message))
+    end
+
+    def log_retry(attempt, response, delay)
+      return unless config.logger
+
+      reason = response ? "HTTP #{response.status}" : "network error"
+      config.logger.warn("[equipoise] retry #{attempt}/#{config.max_retries} after #{reason}; waiting #{delay}s")
+    end
+
+    def log_error(error)
+      config.logger&.warn("[equipoise] #{error.class}: #{error.message}")
+      error
+    end
+
+    # Benign no-op response returned when the gem is disabled (test mode). Shaped
+    # like a normal envelope so callers (and Syncable) don't crash.
+    def null_response
+      Response.new(status: 200, headers: {}, body: { "data" => {}, "meta" => { "disabled" => true } })
+    end
+  end
+end