equationoftime 3.0.0

data/examples/time_scales.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# eot_methods_list.rb
+
+lib = File.expand_path('../../lib', __FILE__)
+$LOAD_PATH.unshift(lib) unless $LOAD_PATH.include?(lib)
+
+require  'eot'
+$DEBUG and set_trace_func proc { |event, file, line, id, binding, classname|
+       printf "%8s %s:%-2d %10s %8s\n", event, file, line, id, classname
+    }
+eot = Eot.new
+# puts eot.public_methods(false).sort
+# puts eot.nil?
+loop do
+p date = DateTime.now.to_time.utc.to_datetime
+#~ dt = Astro.delta_T(date) / 86400.0
+ajd = date.ajd
+#~ ajd1 = ajd + dt
+p date2 = DateTime.jd(ajd + 0.5)
+sleep 0.7
+puts
+end
+
+# puts Astro.solar_longitude(date)
+# tjc = eot.time_julian_century( ajd)
+# puts eot.tl_Sun(tjc)
+
+# tjc = eot.time_julian_century( ajd + dt )
+# puts eot.tl_Sun(tjc)
+

data/examples/usage_example.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# usage_example.rb
+
+lib = File.expand_path('../../lib', __FILE__)
+$LOAD_PATH.unshift(lib) unless $LOAD_PATH.include?(lib)
+
+require 'eot'
+
+eot = Eot.new()
+p eot.date
+p eot.longitude
+p eot.latitude
+p eot.sunrise_dt
+p eot.sunset_dt

data/examples/use_angles.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+# use_angles.rb
+
+lib = File.expand_path('../../lib', __FILE__)
+$LOAD_PATH.unshift(lib) unless $LOAD_PATH.include?(lib)
+
+require 'eot'
+
+
+file = <<EOS
+
+This will explain how the equation of time is derived by showing
+each method that comprises the formula.
+
+eot = Eot.new
+#{eot = Eot.new}
+
+Set the ajd instance to the deisired date ex : eot.ajd = Date.parse("yyyy, mm, dd").jd
+
+eot.ajd = Date.today.jd
+#{eot.ajd = Date.today.jd}
+The ajd has been set to #{eot.ajd}
+
+
+The Astronomical Julian Day Number plus the fractional day time now will be used to calculate current angles.
+
+The current time expressed as an AJDN : 
+#{eot.ajd}
+
+
+mu is the solar Mean anomaly. It is an angle with respect to perihelion of Earth orbit around Sun.
+It is calculated as if the Earths orbit were circular.
+
+mu = eot.ma
+#{mu = eot.ma} deg.
+
+
+nu is the True anomaly. It is the actual angle with respect to perihelion in an eliptical orbit.
+It was calculated by using the equation of center formula which you may access also.
+
+eqc = eot.center()
+#{eqc = eot.center()} deg.
+
+nu = eot.ta_Sun()
+#{nu = eot.ta_Sun()} deg. 
+
+We find the delta or difference of these first two angles.
+Notice it is counter sign of equation of center. It just may have taken longer to calculate.
+
+delta_eccentric = mu - nu
+#{delta_eccentric = mu - nu} deg. 
+
+The next delta is calculated as follows.
+
+lambda = mean longitude + equation of center
+
+mean_longitude = eot.gml_Sun()
+#{mean_longitude = eot.gml_Sun()} deg.
+
+eqc = eot.center(eot.time_julian_century())
+#{eqc = eot.center(eot.time_julian_century())} deg
+
+true longitude =  mean longitude + equation of center
+#{mean_longitude + eqc}
+
+Lambda is the \"ecliptic coordinate system\" angle of the sun.
+
+lambda_1 = eot.tl_Sun(eot.time_julian_century())
+#{lambda_1 = eot.tl_Sun(eot.time_julian_century())} deg
+
+This may also be used and is a very small difference to lambda 1
+
+lambda_2 = eot.al_Sun(eot.time_julian_century())
+#{lambda_2 = eot.al_Sun(eot.time_julian_century())} deg
+
+Alpha is the Right Ascension of the sun in the celestial coordinate system.
+
+alpha = eot.ra_Sun(eot.time_julian_century())
+#{alpha = eot.ra_Sun(eot.time_julian_century())} deg
+
+Delta ecliptic is the difference in these two angles.
+
+delta_ecliptic = lambda_1 - alpha
+#{delta_ecliptic = lambda_1 - alpha} deg.
+
+The method inside the gem is called angle_delta_oblique.
+
+The sum of these two delta angles is
+
+delta_total = delta_eccentric + delta_ecliptic
+#{delta_total = delta_eccentric + delta_ecliptic} deg.
+
+That was for the time UTC now which was easy.
+
+Now using your longitude to compute your mean solar transit from longitude / 15.0
+my longitude is #{my_longitude = -88.74467}
+#{my_longitude} deg. note: -deg. because I'm west of UTC or 0.0 deg.
+
+So my mean solar transit UTC is
+
+mean_noon = 12 - my_longitude / 15.0
+#{mean_noon = 12 - my_longitude / 15.0} hr.
+
+using the equation of time library method get_time(Date.today.to_datetime + mean_noon) 
+I'm showing what time mean noon for my_longitude normally is without
+the equation of time considered and this is true only four days a year.
+
+Be sure to set your longitude and latitude as attributes.
+eot.longitude = my_longitude
+eot.latitude = my_latitude
+#{eot.longitude = my_longitude}
+
+eot.mean_local_noon_dt()
+#{eot.mean_local_noon_dt()}
+
+Now we need to calculate the delta total for our mean solar transit.
+We will use the mean noon time to get equation of time.
+We will be using mean_noon as a time object.
+First create a time object for the date at 12:00 and subtract 
+(my_longitude / 15.0) * 3600.0 to get the time object.
+This is what get_time did without the longitude because it was provided before.
+
+mean_noon = Time.utc(DateTime.now.to_time.utc.to_datetime.year, DateTime.now.to_time.utc.to_datetime.month, DateTime.now.to_time.utc.to_datetime.day, 12, 0, 0) - (my_longitude / 15.0) * 3600.0}
+#{mean_noon = Time.utc(DateTime.now.to_time.utc.to_datetime.year, DateTime.now.to_time.utc.to_datetime.month, DateTime.now.to_time.utc.to_datetime.day, 12, 0, 0) - (my_longitude / 15.0) * 3600.0}
+
+delta_total = eot.eot()
+#{delta_total = eot.eot()} min
+
+Let us convert that to an angle.
+
+delta_deg = delta_total / 4.0 * 360.0 / 360.98564736629  Note: not quite 4 minutes per degree.
+#{delta_deg = delta_total / 4.0 * 360.0 / 360.98564736629} deg.
+
+Now we can add that from our longitude or mean noon angle
+
+noon_angle = my_longitude + delta_deg
+#{noon_angle = my_longitude + delta_deg}
+
+Your longitude and the GHA of the Sun will match atTrue Solar Transit time.
+
+So lets convert that angle to a time now.
+
+12 - noon_angle / 15.0
+#{12 - noon_angle / 15.0}
+
+my_transit = eot.ajd + (12 - noon_angle / 15.0) / 24.0
+#{my_transit = eot.ajd + (12 - noon_angle / 15.0) / 24.0}
+
+DateTime.jd(my_transit)
+#{DateTime.jd(my_transit)}
+
+check it here http://douglasallen.github.io/planets/ just put in the correct time and date then hit calculate.
+Does GHA Sun = your longitude?
+EOS
+
+puts file

data/lib/eot/angles.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+# angles.rb
+
+class Eot
+
+  # From angles.rb:<br> 
+  # Apparent solar longitude = true longitude - aberation   
+  def al_Sun( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )  
+    tl_Sun( ta ) - 
+             0.00569 - 
+             0.00478 * sin( deg_to_rad( omega( ta ) ) )
+  end 
+  alias_method  :apparent_longitude, :al_Sun 
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # one time component to total equation of time
+  def angle_delta_oblique( ta = A2000 )
+    ta    = check_jct_zero( ta )         
+    tl_Sun( ta ) - 
+    ra_Sun( ta )        
+  end
+
+  # From angles.rb:<br> 
+  # one time component to total equation of time
+  def angle_delta_orbit( ta = A2000 )
+    ta    = check_jct_zero( ta )        
+    @ma - ta_Sun( ta ) 
+  end  
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # component of equation of equinox
+  def angle_delta_psi( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )  
+    delta_equinox( ta )[ 1 ]
+  end
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # total equation of time  
+  def angle_equation_of_time( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )
+    @ma    =         ma_Sun()    
+    angle_delta_oblique( ta ) +
+	  angle_delta_orbit( ta )    
+  end 
+
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # equation of centre
+  # added to mean anomaly to get true anomaly. 
+  def center( ta = A2000)
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )    
+    sine_1M = sin( 1.0 * deg_to_rad( @ma ) )
+    sine_2M = sin( 2.0 * deg_to_rad( @ma ) )
+    sine_3M = sin( 3.0 * deg_to_rad( @ma ) )
+    sine_4M = sin( 4.0 * deg_to_rad( @ma ) )
+    sine_5M = sin( 5.0 * deg_to_rad( @ma ) )
+    e = eccentricity_Earth( ta )
+    rad_to_deg( sine_1M * (     2.0  * e    - e**3/4.0 + 5/96.0 * e**5 ) +  
+                sine_2M * (   5/4.0  * e**2 - 11/24.0 * e**4 )           + 
+                sine_3M * ( 13/12.0  * e**3 - 43/64.0 * e**5 )           +
+                sine_4M *  103/96.0  * e**4                              +
+                sine_5M * 1097/960.0 * e**5                              )
+    # sine_1M *( 1.914602 - ta[ 0 ] * ( 0.004817 + ta[ 0 ] * 0.000014 )) +                                               +
+    # sine_2M *( 0.019993 - ta[ 0 ] * 0.000101 )                         +                                              +
+    # sine_3M *  0.000289
+  end
+  alias_method :equation_of_center, :center
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # cosine apparent longitude
+  # could be useful when dividing 
+  def cosine_al_Sun( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )
+    cos( deg_to_rad( al_Sun( ta ) ) )
+  end
+  alias_method :cosine_apparent_longitude, :cosine_al_Sun
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # cosine true longitude
+  # used in solar right ascension  
+  def cosine_tl_Sun( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )
+    cos( deg_to_rad( tl_Sun( ta ) ) )
+  end
+  alias_method :cosine_true_longitude, :cosine_tl_Sun
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # cosine true obliquity
+  # used in solar right ascension 
+  def cosine_to_Earth( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )
+    cos( deg_to_rad( to_Earth( ta ) ) )
+  end
+  alias_method :cosine_true_obliquity, :cosine_to_Earth
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # solar declination
+  def dec_Sun( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )
+    sine_declination = sin( deg_to_rad( to_Earth( ta ) ) ) * 
+                                     sine_al_Sun( ta )
+    rad_to_deg( asin( sine_declination ) )
+  end
+  alias_method :declination, :dec_Sun
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # delta epsilon
+  # component of equation of equinox 
+  def delta_epsilon( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )
+    delta_equinox( ta )[ 0 ]
+  end
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # one time component to total equation of time 
+  def delta_oblique( ta = A2000 )
+    ta    = check_jct_zero( ta )          
+    tl_Sun( ta ) - 
+    ra_Sun( ta )        
+  end
+  alias_method :delta_t_ecliptic, :delta_oblique
+
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # one time component to total equation of time
+  def delta_orbit( ta = A2000 )
+    ta    = check_jct_zero( ta )        
+    @ma - ta_Sun( ta ) 
+  end
+  alias_method :delta_t_elliptic, :delta_orbit  
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # component of equation of equinox 
+  def delta_psi( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )  
+    delta_equinox( ta )[ 1 ]
+  end
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # eccentricity of elliptical Earth orbit around Sun
+  # Horner calculation method  
+  def eccentricity_Earth( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )      
+    # 0.016708617 - ta[ 0 ] * ( 0.000042037 + ta[ 0 ] * 0.0000001235 )
+    [-0.0000001235, -0.000042037, 0.016708617].inject(0.0) {|p, a| p * ta[0] + a}
+  end
+  alias_method :eccentricity_earth_orbit, :eccentricity_Earth
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # equation of equinox  
+  def eq_of_equinox( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )  
+    cosine_to_Earth( ta ) *
+          delta_psi( ta )
+  end
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # total equation of time  
+  def eot()
+    ta  = time_julian_century( @ajd )
+    @ma = ma_Sun()    
+    delta_orbit( ta ) + delta_oblique( ta )	      
+  end 
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # angle factor for daily sidereal time (experimental)  
+  def factor
+    jda  =           Date.parse("2000-01-01").jd
+    jdb  =           jda + 1
+    tjca =  time_julian_century( jda )
+    tjcb =  time_julian_century( jdb )
+    tlaa =             tl_Aries( tjca )
+    tlab =             tl_Aries( tjcb )
+    dif  = tlab - tlaa
+    dr   = dif  + 360.0
+	360 / dr
+  end
+
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # angle geometric mean longitude
+  # needed to get true longitude for low accuracy.  
+  def gml_Sun( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )
+	total = [ 1.0/-19880000.0, 1.0/-152990.0, 1.0/499310.0,
+	          0.0003032028, 36000.76982779, 280.4664567 ]
+    mod_360( total.inject(0.0) {|p, a| p * ta[0] + a} )
+  end
+  alias_method :geometric_mean_longitude, :gml_Sun
+
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # horizon angle for provided geo coordinates
+  # used for angles from transit to horizon  
+  def ha_Sun( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )
+    zenith              = 90.8333
+    cosine_zenith       = cos( deg_to_rad( zenith ) )
+    cosine_declination  = cos( deg_to_rad( dec_Sun( ta ) ) )
+    sine_declination    = sin( deg_to_rad( dec_Sun( ta ) ) )    
+    cosine_latitude     = cos( deg_to_rad( @latitude ) )
+    sine_latitude       = sin( deg_to_rad( @latitude ) )
+    top                 = cosine_zenith - sine_declination * sine_latitude
+    bottom              = cosine_declination * cosine_latitude
+    t_cosine = top / bottom 
+    t_cosine > 1.0 || t_cosine < -1.0 ? cos = 1.0 : cos = t_cosine
+    rad_to_deg( acos( cos ) ) 
+  end
+  alias_method :horizon_angle, :ha_Sun  
+ 
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # angle of Suns' mean anomaly
+  # used in equation of time
+  # and to get true anomaly. 
+  def ma_Sun()
+    ta = time_julian_century( @ajd )
+    ade = delta_equinox( ta )[ 2 ] / ASD
+    @ma = mod_360 ade       
+  end
+  alias_method :mean_anomaly, :ma_Sun
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # Mean equinox point where right ascension is measured from as zero hours.
+  # # see http://www.iausofa.org/publications/aas04.pdf 
+  def ml_Aries( ta = A2000 )
+    ta     = check_jct_zero( ta )
+    jd     = ta[ 0 ] * DJC # convert first term back to jdn - J2000
+    # old terms  	
+    # angle  = (36000.770053608 / DJC + 360) * jd  # 36000.770053608 = 0.9856473662862 * DJC
+    # total = [ -1.0/3.8710000e7, 3.87930e-4, 0, 100.460618375 ].inject(0.0) {|p, a| p * ta[0] + a} + 180 + angle  
+    # newer terms seem to be in arcseconds / 15.0
+    # 0.0000013, - 0.0000062, 0.0931118, 307.4771600, 8639877.3173760, 24110.5493771
+    angle  = (35999.4888224 / DJC + 360) * jd     
+    total  = angle +   280.460622404583   +
+              ta[ 0 ] *  1.281154833333   +
+              ta[ 1 ] *  3.87965833333e-4 +
+              ta[ 2 ] * -2.58333333333e-8 +
+              ta[ 3 ] *  5.41666666666e-9           
+	  mod_360( total )      
+  end
+  alias_method :mean_longitude_aries, :ml_Aries
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # mean obliquity of Earth  
+  def mo_Earth( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )    
+    [ -0.0000000434, -0.000000576,  0.00200340, 
+      -0.0001831,   -46.836769, 84381.406 ].inject(0.0) {|p, a| p * ta[0] + a} / ASD	
+  end
+  alias_method :mean_obliquity_of_ecliptic, :mo_Earth
+  alias_method :mean_obliquity, :mo_Earth
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # omega is a component of nutation and used 
+  # in apparent longitude 
+  # omega is the longitude of the mean ascending node of the lunar orbit 
+  # on the ecliptic plane measured from the mean equinox of date. 
+  def omega( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )
+    delta_equinox( ta )[ 3 ] / ASD      
+  end
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # solar right ascension
+  def ra_Sun( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )
+    y0 = sine_al_Sun( ta ) * cosine_to_Earth( ta )
+    180.0 +           
+    rad_to_deg( atan2( -y0, -cosine_al_Sun( ta ) ) )    
+  end
+  alias_method :right_ascension, :ra_Sun
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # sine apparent longitude
+  # used in solar declination  
+  def sine_al_Sun( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )
+    sin( deg_to_rad( al_Sun( ta ) ) )
+  end
+  alias_method :sine_apparent_longitude, :sine_al_Sun
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # sine true longitude
+  # used in solar right ascension 
+  def sine_tl_Sun( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )
+    sin( deg_to_rad( tl_Sun( ta ) ) )
+  end
+  alias_method :sine_true_longitude, :sine_tl_Sun
+
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # angle true anomaly
+  # used in equation of time  
+  def ta_Sun( ta = A2000 )
+  ta = check_jct_zero( ta )  
+    @ma + center( ta )	
+  end
+  alias_method :true_anomaly, :ta_Sun 
+
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # true longitude of equinox 'first point of aries'
+  # considers nutation 
+  def tl_Aries( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )  
+    eq_of_equinox( ta ) +
+	     ml_Aries( ta )     
+  end
+  alias_method :true_longitude_aries, :tl_Aries  
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # angle of true longitude sun
+  # used in equation of time 
+  def tl_Sun( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )
+    mod_360( 
+	          gml_Sun( ta ) + 
+             center( ta )
+           )	 
+  end
+  alias_method :true_longitude, :tl_Sun
+  
+  # From angles.rb:<br>
+  # true obliquity considers nutation  
+  def to_Earth( ta = A2000 )
+    ta = check_jct_zero( ta )
+    delta_epsilon( ta ) +
+	     mo_Earth( ta )     
+  end
+  alias_method :obliquity_correction, :to_Earth
+  alias_method :true_obliquity, :to_Earth
+
+end
+
+if __FILE__ == $PROGRAM_NAME
+
+  spec = File.expand_path('../../../tests/minitest', __FILE__)
+  $LOAD_PATH.unshift(spec) unless $LOAD_PATH.include?(spec)
+  require 'angles_spec'
+  require 'aliased_angles_spec'
+
+end

data/lib/eot/constants.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+# constants.rb
+require 'date'
+
+class Eot
+
+  include Math
+  
+  # Array result for time_julian_century default = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]    
+  A2000       = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0] 
+
+  # Arc seconds in a degree = 3_600.0  
+  ARCSEC      = 3_600.0
+  
+  # Arc seconds in a degree = 3_600.0  
+  ASD         = 3_600.0
+  
+  # Arc seconds in an hour = 240.0
+  ASH         = 240.0
+  
+  # Light time for 1 au (s) = 499.004782
+  AULT        = 499.004782
+
+  # Speed of light (m/s) = 299792458.0
+  CMPS        = 299792458.0  
+
+  # Default date string = "2000-01-01"  
+  D2000       = "2000-01-01"
+
+  # 2Pi = 6.283185307179586476925287 
+  D2PI        = 6.283185307179586476925287  
+
+  # Arcseconds to radians = 4.848136811095359935899141e-6 
+  DAS2R       = 4.848136811095359935899141e-6
+
+  # Astronomical unit (m) = 149597870e3
+  DAU         = 149597870e3  
+
+  # Hours in a day = 24.0  
+  DAY_HOURS   = 24.0 
+  
+  # Minutes in a day = 1_440.0  
+  DAY_MINUTES = 1_440.0 
+
+  # Seconds in a day = 86_400.0  
+  DAY_SECONDS = 86_400.0
+  
+  # Seconds in a day = 86_400.0
+  DAYSEC      = 86400.0  
+
+  # Micro Seconds in a day = 86_400_000_000.0  
+  DAY_USECS   = 86_400_000_000.0
+  
+  # Speed of light (AU per day) = DAYSEC / AULT
+  DC = DAYSEC / AULT
+  
+  # Degrees to radians = 1.745329251994329576923691e-2 
+  DD2R        = 1.745329251994329576923691e-2
+  
+  # dint(A) - truncate to nearest whole number towards zero (double) 
+  # dint(A) = ((A)<0.0?ceil(A):floor(A))
+
+  # dnint(A) - round to nearest whole number (double) 
+  # dnint(A) = ((A)<0.0?ceil((A)-0.5):floor((A)+0.5))
+
+  # dsign(A,B) - magnitude of A with sign of B (double) 
+  # dsign(A,B) = ((B)<0.0?-fabs(A):fabs(A))
+  
+  # Reference epoch (J2000.0), Julian Date
+  # Default Julian Number = 2451545.0  
+  DJ00        = 2451545.0  
+  
+  # Days per Julian century = 36525.0 
+  DJC         = 36525.0
+  
+  # Days per Julian millennium  = 365250.0
+  DJM         = 365250.0
+
+  # Julian Date of Modified Julian Date zero
+  # 1858, 11, 17, 0.0 midnight start of calendar reform = 2400000.5
+  # Removed from Julian Date to get Modified Julian Date
+  DJM0        = 2400000.5  
+
+  # Reference epoch (J2000.0), Modified Julian Date = 51544.5  
+  DJM00       = 51544.5
+
+  # 1977 Jan 1.0 as MJD = 43144.0  
+  DJM77       = 43144.0  
+  
+  # Days per Julian year = 365.25 
+  DJY         = 365.25
+  
+  # Milli-arc-seconds to radians  = DAS2R / 1e3
+  DMAS2R      = DAS2R / 1e3
+
+  # Pi = 3.141592653589793238462643 
+  DPI         = 3.141592653589793238462643
+  
+  # Radians to arc seconds = 206264.8062470963551564734 
+  DR2AS       = 206264.8062470963551564734
+  
+  # Radians to degrees = 57.29577951308232087679815 
+  DR2D        = 57.29577951308232087679815  
+  
+  # Seconds of time to radians = 7.272205216643039903848712e-5 
+  DS2R        = 7.272205216643039903848712e-5
+
+  # Default DateTime = DateTime.new( 2000, 01, 01, 12, 00, 00, "+00:00" )  
+  DT2000      = DateTime.new( 2000, 01, 01, 12, 00, 00, "+00:00" )    
+
+  # arc seconds degrees to radians = PI / 180.0 / ARCSEC  
+  DTR         = PI / 180.0 / ARCSEC    
+  
+  # Length of tropical year B1900 (days) = 365.242198781 
+  DTY         = 365.242198781
+
+  # L_G = 1 - d(TT)/d(TCG) = 6.969290134e-10
+  ELG         = 6.969290134e-10
+
+  # L_B = 1 - d(TDB)/d(TCB)  = 1.550519768e-8 
+  ELB         = 1.550519768e-8  
+
+  # max(A,B) - larger (most +ve) of two numbers (generic) 
+  # gmax(A,B) = (((A)>(B))?(A):(B))
+
+  # min(A,B) - smaller (least +ve) of two numbers (generic) 
+  # gmin(A,B) = (((A)<(B))?(A):(B))  
+
+  # Reference epoch (J2000.0), Julian Date
+  # Default Julian Number = 2451545.0  
+  J2000       = 2451545.0  
+  
+  # Julian Date of Modified Julian Date zero
+  # 1858, 11, 17, 0.0 midnight start of calendar reform = 2400000.5  
+  MJD0        = 2400000.5
+  
+  # 2Pi from Math module = Math::PI * 2.0
+  P2          = PI * 2.0
+
+  # pi from Math module = Math::PI
+  PI  
+  
+  # arc seconds radians to degrees = 180.0 / PI * ARCSEC    
+  RTD         = 180.0 / PI * ARCSEC
+  
+  # Sidereal minutes = 4.0 / 1.0027379093507953456536618754278
+  SM          = 4.0 / 1.0027379093507953456536618754278
+  
+  # Schwarzschild radius of the Sun (au) = 2 * 1.32712440041e20 / (2.99792458e8)^2 / 1.49597870700e11 
+  SRS         = 1.97412574336e-8
+  
+  # TDB (s) at TAI 1977/1/1.0 = -6.55e-5
+  TDB0        = -6.55e-5  
+
+  # TT minus TAI (s) = 32.184
+  TTMTAI      = 32.184
+
+  # Arcseconds in a full circle  = 1296000.0 
+  TURNAS      = 1296000.0  
+  
+end
+
+if __FILE__ == $PROGRAM_NAME
+
+  spec = File.expand_path('../../../tests/minitest', __FILE__)
+  $LOAD_PATH.unshift(spec) unless $LOAD_PATH.include?(spec)
+  require 'constants_spec'
+
+end