echonet_lite 0.1.0
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- checksums.yaml +7 -0
- data/.gitignore +12 -0
- data/.rspec +2 -0
- data/.travis.yml +5 -0
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- metadata +444 -0
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require 'ipaddress/prefix'
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module IPAddress;
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#
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# =Name
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#
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# IPAddress::IPv6 - IP version 6 address manipulation library
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#
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# =Synopsis
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#
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# require 'ipaddress'
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#
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# =Description
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#
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# Class IPAddress::IPv6 is used to handle IPv6 type addresses.
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#
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# == IPv6 addresses
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#
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# IPv6 addresses are 128 bits long, in contrast with IPv4 addresses
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# which are only 32 bits long. An IPv6 address is generally written as
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# eight groups of four hexadecimal digits, each group representing 16
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# bits or two octect. For example, the following is a valid IPv6
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# address:
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#
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# 2001:0db8:0000:0000:0008:0800:200c:417a
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#
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# Letters in an IPv6 address are usually written downcase, as per
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# RFC. You can create a new IPv6 object using uppercase letters, but
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# they will be converted.
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#
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# === Compression
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#
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# Since IPv6 addresses are very long to write, there are some
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# semplifications and compressions that you can use to shorten them.
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#
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# * Leading zeroes: all the leading zeroes within a group can be
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# omitted: "0008" would become "8"
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#
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# * A string of consecutive zeroes can be replaced by the string
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# "::". This can be only applied once.
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#
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# Using compression, the IPv6 address written above can be shorten into
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# the following, equivalent, address
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#
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# 2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a
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#
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# This short version is often used in human representation.
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#
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# === Network Mask
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#
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# As we used to do with IPv4 addresses, an IPv6 address can be written
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# using the prefix notation to specify the subnet mask:
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#
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# 2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64
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#
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# The /64 part means that the first 64 bits of the address are
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# representing the network portion, and the last 64 bits are the host
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# portion.
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#
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#
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class IPv6
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include IPAddress
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include Enumerable
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include Comparable
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#
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# Format string to pretty print IPv6 addresses
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#
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IN6FORMAT = ("%.4x:"*8).chop
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#
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# Creates a new IPv6 address object.
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#
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# An IPv6 address can be expressed in any of the following forms:
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#
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# * "2001:0db8:0000:0000:0008:0800:200C:417A": IPv6 address with no compression
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# * "2001:db8:0:0:8:800:200C:417A": IPv6 address with leading zeros compression
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# * "2001:db8::8:800:200C:417A": IPv6 address with full compression
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#
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# In all these 3 cases, a new IPv6 address object will be created, using the default
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# subnet mask /128
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#
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# You can also specify the subnet mask as with IPv4 addresses:
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#
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# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
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#
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def initialize(str)
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ip, netmask = str.split("/")
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if str =~ /:.+\./
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raise ArgumentError, "Please use #{self.class}::Mapped for IPv4 mapped addresses"
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end
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if IPAddress.valid_ipv6?(ip)
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@groups = self.class.groups(ip)
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@address = IN6FORMAT % @groups
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@compressed = compress_address
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else
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raise ArgumentError, "Invalid IP #{ip.inspect}"
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end
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@prefix = Prefix128.new(netmask ? netmask : 128)
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end # def initialize
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#
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# Returns the IPv6 address in uncompressed form:
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#
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# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
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#
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# ip6.address
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# #=> "2001:0db8:0000:0000:0008:0800:200c:417a"
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#
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def address
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@address
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end
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#
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# Returns an array with the 16 bits groups in decimal
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# format:
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#
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# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
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#
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# ip6.groups
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# #=> [8193, 3512, 0, 0, 8, 2048, 8204, 16762]
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#
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def groups
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@groups
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end
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#
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# Returns an instance of the prefix object
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#
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# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
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#
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# ip6.prefix
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# #=> 64
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#
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def prefix
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@prefix
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end
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#
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# Set a new prefix number for the object
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#
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# This is useful if you want to change the prefix
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# to an object created with IPv6::parse_u128 or
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# if the object was created using the default prefix
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# of 128 bits.
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#
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# ip6 = IPAddress("2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a")
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#
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# puts ip6.to_string
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# #=> "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/128"
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#
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# ip6.prefix = 64
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# puts ip6.to_string
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# #=> "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
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#
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def prefix=(num)
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@prefix = Prefix128.new(num)
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end
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#
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# Unlike its counterpart IPv6#to_string method, IPv6#to_string_uncompressed
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# returns the whole IPv6 address and prefix in an uncompressed form
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#
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# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
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#
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# ip6.to_string_uncompressed
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# #=> "2001:0db8:0000:0000:0008:0800:200c:417a/64"
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#
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def to_string_uncompressed
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"#@address/#@prefix"
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end
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#
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# Returns the IPv6 address in a human readable form,
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# using the compressed address.
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#
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# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:0db8:0000:0000:0008:0800:200c:417a/64"
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#
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# ip6.to_string
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# #=> "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
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#
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def to_string
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"#@compressed/#@prefix"
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end
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#
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# Returns the IPv6 address in a human readable form,
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# using the compressed address.
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#
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# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
197
|
+
#
|
198
|
+
# ip6.to_s
|
199
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a"
|
200
|
+
#
|
201
|
+
def to_s
|
202
|
+
@compressed
|
203
|
+
end
|
204
|
+
|
205
|
+
#
|
206
|
+
# Returns a decimal format (unsigned 128 bit) of the
|
207
|
+
# IPv6 address
|
208
|
+
#
|
209
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
210
|
+
#
|
211
|
+
# ip6.to_i
|
212
|
+
# #=> 42540766411282592856906245548098208122
|
213
|
+
#
|
214
|
+
def to_i
|
215
|
+
to_hex.hex
|
216
|
+
end
|
217
|
+
alias_method :to_u128, :to_i
|
218
|
+
|
219
|
+
#
|
220
|
+
# True if the IPv6 address is a network
|
221
|
+
#
|
222
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
223
|
+
#
|
224
|
+
# ip6.network?
|
225
|
+
# #=> false
|
226
|
+
#
|
227
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8:8:800::/64"
|
228
|
+
#
|
229
|
+
# ip6.network?
|
230
|
+
# #=> true
|
231
|
+
#
|
232
|
+
def network?
|
233
|
+
to_u128 | @prefix.to_u128 == @prefix.to_u128
|
234
|
+
end
|
235
|
+
|
236
|
+
#
|
237
|
+
# Returns the 16-bits value specified by index
|
238
|
+
#
|
239
|
+
# ip = IPAddress("2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64")
|
240
|
+
#
|
241
|
+
# ip[0]
|
242
|
+
# #=> 8193
|
243
|
+
# ip[1]
|
244
|
+
# #=> 3512
|
245
|
+
# ip[2]
|
246
|
+
# #=> 0
|
247
|
+
# ip[3]
|
248
|
+
# #=> 0
|
249
|
+
#
|
250
|
+
def [](index)
|
251
|
+
@groups[index]
|
252
|
+
end
|
253
|
+
alias_method :group, :[]
|
254
|
+
|
255
|
+
#
|
256
|
+
# Updated the octet specified at index
|
257
|
+
#
|
258
|
+
def []=(index, value)
|
259
|
+
@groups[index] = value
|
260
|
+
initialize("#{IN6FORMAT % @groups}/#{prefix}")
|
261
|
+
end
|
262
|
+
alias_method :group=, :[]=
|
263
|
+
|
264
|
+
#
|
265
|
+
# Returns a Base16 number representing the IPv6
|
266
|
+
# address
|
267
|
+
#
|
268
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
269
|
+
#
|
270
|
+
# ip6.to_hex
|
271
|
+
# #=> "20010db80000000000080800200c417a"
|
272
|
+
#
|
273
|
+
def to_hex
|
274
|
+
hexs.join("")
|
275
|
+
end
|
276
|
+
|
277
|
+
# Returns the address portion of an IPv6 object
|
278
|
+
# in a network byte order format.
|
279
|
+
#
|
280
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
281
|
+
#
|
282
|
+
# ip6.data
|
283
|
+
# #=> " \001\r\270\000\000\000\000\000\b\b\000 \fAz"
|
284
|
+
#
|
285
|
+
# It is usually used to include an IP address
|
286
|
+
# in a data packet to be sent over a socket
|
287
|
+
#
|
288
|
+
# a = Socket.open(params) # socket details here
|
289
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
290
|
+
# binary_data = ["Address: "].pack("a*") + ip.data
|
291
|
+
#
|
292
|
+
# # Send binary data
|
293
|
+
# a.puts binary_data
|
294
|
+
#
|
295
|
+
def data
|
296
|
+
@groups.pack("n8")
|
297
|
+
end
|
298
|
+
|
299
|
+
#
|
300
|
+
# Returns an array of the 16 bits groups in hexdecimal
|
301
|
+
# format:
|
302
|
+
#
|
303
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
304
|
+
#
|
305
|
+
# ip6.hexs
|
306
|
+
# #=> ["2001", "0db8", "0000", "0000", "0008", "0800", "200c", "417a"]
|
307
|
+
#
|
308
|
+
# Not to be confused with the similar IPv6#to_hex method.
|
309
|
+
#
|
310
|
+
def hexs
|
311
|
+
@address.split(":")
|
312
|
+
end
|
313
|
+
|
314
|
+
#
|
315
|
+
# Returns the IPv6 address in a DNS reverse lookup
|
316
|
+
# string, as per RFC3172 and RFC2874.
|
317
|
+
#
|
318
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "3ffe:505:2::f"
|
319
|
+
#
|
320
|
+
# ip6.reverse
|
321
|
+
# #=> "f.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.2.0.0.0.5.0.5.0.e.f.f.3.ip6.arpa"
|
322
|
+
#
|
323
|
+
def reverse
|
324
|
+
to_hex.reverse.gsub(/./){|c| c+"."} + "ip6.arpa"
|
325
|
+
end
|
326
|
+
alias_method :arpa, :reverse
|
327
|
+
|
328
|
+
#
|
329
|
+
# Returns the network number in Unsigned 128bits format
|
330
|
+
#
|
331
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
332
|
+
#
|
333
|
+
# ip6.network_u128
|
334
|
+
# #=> 42540766411282592856903984951653826560
|
335
|
+
#
|
336
|
+
def network_u128
|
337
|
+
to_u128 & @prefix.to_u128
|
338
|
+
end
|
339
|
+
|
340
|
+
#
|
341
|
+
# Returns the broadcast address in Unsigned 128bits format
|
342
|
+
#
|
343
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
344
|
+
#
|
345
|
+
# ip6.broadcast_u128
|
346
|
+
# #=> 42540766411282592875350729025363378175
|
347
|
+
#
|
348
|
+
# Please note that there is no Broadcast concept in IPv6
|
349
|
+
# addresses as in IPv4 addresses, and this method is just
|
350
|
+
# an helper to other functions.
|
351
|
+
#
|
352
|
+
def broadcast_u128
|
353
|
+
network_u128 + size - 1
|
354
|
+
end
|
355
|
+
|
356
|
+
#
|
357
|
+
# Returns the number of IP addresses included
|
358
|
+
# in the network. It also counts the network
|
359
|
+
# address and the broadcast address.
|
360
|
+
#
|
361
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress("2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64")
|
362
|
+
#
|
363
|
+
# ip6.size
|
364
|
+
# #=> 18446744073709551616
|
365
|
+
#
|
366
|
+
def size
|
367
|
+
2 ** @prefix.host_prefix
|
368
|
+
end
|
369
|
+
|
370
|
+
#
|
371
|
+
# Checks whether a subnet includes the given IP address.
|
372
|
+
#
|
373
|
+
# Example:
|
374
|
+
#
|
375
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
376
|
+
# addr = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:1/128"
|
377
|
+
#
|
378
|
+
# ip6.include? addr
|
379
|
+
# #=> true
|
380
|
+
#
|
381
|
+
# ip6.include? IPAddress("2001:db8:1::8:800:200c:417a/76")
|
382
|
+
# #=> false
|
383
|
+
#
|
384
|
+
def include?(oth)
|
385
|
+
@prefix <= oth.prefix and network_u128 == self.class.new(oth.address+"/#@prefix").network_u128
|
386
|
+
end
|
387
|
+
|
388
|
+
#
|
389
|
+
# Compressed form of the IPv6 address
|
390
|
+
#
|
391
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
392
|
+
#
|
393
|
+
# ip6.compressed
|
394
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a"
|
395
|
+
#
|
396
|
+
def compressed
|
397
|
+
@compressed
|
398
|
+
end
|
399
|
+
|
400
|
+
#
|
401
|
+
# Returns true if the address is an unspecified address
|
402
|
+
#
|
403
|
+
# See IPAddress::IPv6::Unspecified for more information
|
404
|
+
#
|
405
|
+
def unspecified?
|
406
|
+
@prefix == 128 and @compressed == "::"
|
407
|
+
end
|
408
|
+
|
409
|
+
#
|
410
|
+
# Returns true if the address is a loopback address
|
411
|
+
#
|
412
|
+
# See IPAddress::IPv6::Loopback for more information
|
413
|
+
#
|
414
|
+
def loopback?
|
415
|
+
@prefix == 128 and @compressed == "::1"
|
416
|
+
end
|
417
|
+
|
418
|
+
#
|
419
|
+
# Returns true if the address is a mapped address
|
420
|
+
#
|
421
|
+
# See IPAddress::IPv6::Mapped for more information
|
422
|
+
#
|
423
|
+
def mapped?
|
424
|
+
to_u128 >> 32 == 0xffff
|
425
|
+
end
|
426
|
+
|
427
|
+
#
|
428
|
+
# Iterates over all the IP addresses for the given
|
429
|
+
# network (or IP address).
|
430
|
+
#
|
431
|
+
# The object yielded is a new IPv6 object created
|
432
|
+
# from the iteration.
|
433
|
+
#
|
434
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress("2001:db8::4/125")
|
435
|
+
#
|
436
|
+
# ip6.each do |i|
|
437
|
+
# p i.compressed
|
438
|
+
# end
|
439
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::"
|
440
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::1"
|
441
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::2"
|
442
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::3"
|
443
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::4"
|
444
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::5"
|
445
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::6"
|
446
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::7"
|
447
|
+
#
|
448
|
+
# WARNING: if the host portion is very large, this method
|
449
|
+
# can be very slow and possibly hang your system!
|
450
|
+
#
|
451
|
+
def each
|
452
|
+
(network_u128..broadcast_u128).each do |i|
|
453
|
+
yield self.class.parse_u128(i, @prefix)
|
454
|
+
end
|
455
|
+
end
|
456
|
+
|
457
|
+
#
|
458
|
+
# Spaceship operator to compare IPv6 objects
|
459
|
+
#
|
460
|
+
# Comparing IPv6 addresses is useful to ordinate
|
461
|
+
# them into lists that match our intuitive
|
462
|
+
# perception of ordered IP addresses.
|
463
|
+
#
|
464
|
+
# The first comparison criteria is the u128 value.
|
465
|
+
# For example, 2001:db8:1::1 will be considered
|
466
|
+
# to be less than 2001:db8:2::1, because, in a ordered list,
|
467
|
+
# we expect 2001:db8:1::1 to come before 2001:db8:2::1.
|
468
|
+
#
|
469
|
+
# The second criteria, in case two IPv6 objects
|
470
|
+
# have identical addresses, is the prefix. An higher
|
471
|
+
# prefix will be considered greater than a lower
|
472
|
+
# prefix. This is because we expect to see
|
473
|
+
# 2001:db8:1::1/64 come before 2001:db8:1::1/65
|
474
|
+
#
|
475
|
+
# Example:
|
476
|
+
#
|
477
|
+
# ip1 = IPAddress "2001:db8:1::1/64"
|
478
|
+
# ip2 = IPAddress "2001:db8:2::1/64"
|
479
|
+
# ip3 = IPAddress "2001:db8:1::1/65"
|
480
|
+
#
|
481
|
+
# ip1 < ip2
|
482
|
+
# #=> true
|
483
|
+
# ip1 < ip3
|
484
|
+
# #=> false
|
485
|
+
#
|
486
|
+
# [ip1,ip2,ip3].sort.map{|i| i.to_string}
|
487
|
+
# #=> ["2001:db8:1::1/64","2001:db8:1::1/65","2001:db8:2::1/64"]
|
488
|
+
#
|
489
|
+
def <=>(oth)
|
490
|
+
return prefix <=> oth.prefix if to_u128 == oth.to_u128
|
491
|
+
to_u128 <=> oth.to_u128
|
492
|
+
end
|
493
|
+
|
494
|
+
#
|
495
|
+
# Returns the address portion of an IP in binary format,
|
496
|
+
# as a string containing a sequence of 0 and 1
|
497
|
+
#
|
498
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress("2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a")
|
499
|
+
#
|
500
|
+
# ip6.bits
|
501
|
+
# #=> "0010000000000001000011011011100000 [...] "
|
502
|
+
#
|
503
|
+
def bits
|
504
|
+
data.unpack("B*").first
|
505
|
+
end
|
506
|
+
|
507
|
+
#
|
508
|
+
# Expands an IPv6 address in the canocical form
|
509
|
+
#
|
510
|
+
# IPAddress::IPv6.expand "2001:0DB8:0:CD30::"
|
511
|
+
# #=> "2001:0DB8:0000:CD30:0000:0000:0000:0000"
|
512
|
+
#
|
513
|
+
def self.expand(str)
|
514
|
+
self.new(str).address
|
515
|
+
end
|
516
|
+
|
517
|
+
#
|
518
|
+
# Compress an IPv6 address in its compressed form
|
519
|
+
#
|
520
|
+
# IPAddress::IPv6.compress "2001:0DB8:0000:CD30:0000:0000:0000:0000"
|
521
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8:0:cd30::"
|
522
|
+
#
|
523
|
+
def self.compress(str)
|
524
|
+
self.new(str).compressed
|
525
|
+
end
|
526
|
+
|
527
|
+
#
|
528
|
+
# Literal version of the IPv6 address
|
529
|
+
#
|
530
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
531
|
+
#
|
532
|
+
# ip6.literal
|
533
|
+
# #=> "2001-0db8-0000-0000-0008-0800-200c-417a.ipv6-literal.net"
|
534
|
+
#
|
535
|
+
def literal
|
536
|
+
@address.gsub(":","-") + ".ipv6-literal.net"
|
537
|
+
end
|
538
|
+
|
539
|
+
#
|
540
|
+
# Returns a new IPv6 object with the network number
|
541
|
+
# for the given IP.
|
542
|
+
#
|
543
|
+
# ip = IPAddress "2001:db8:1:1:1:1:1:1/32"
|
544
|
+
#
|
545
|
+
# ip.network.to_string
|
546
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::/32"
|
547
|
+
#
|
548
|
+
def network
|
549
|
+
self.class.parse_u128(network_u128, @prefix)
|
550
|
+
end
|
551
|
+
|
552
|
+
#
|
553
|
+
# Extract 16 bits groups from a string
|
554
|
+
#
|
555
|
+
def self.groups(str)
|
556
|
+
l, r = if str =~ /^(.*)::(.*)$/
|
557
|
+
[$1,$2].map {|i| i.split ":"}
|
558
|
+
else
|
559
|
+
[str.split(":"),[]]
|
560
|
+
end
|
561
|
+
(l + Array.new(8-l.size-r.size, '0') + r).map {|i| i.hex}
|
562
|
+
end
|
563
|
+
|
564
|
+
#
|
565
|
+
# Creates a new IPv6 object from binary data,
|
566
|
+
# like the one you get from a network stream.
|
567
|
+
#
|
568
|
+
# For example, on a network stream the IP
|
569
|
+
#
|
570
|
+
# "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a"
|
571
|
+
#
|
572
|
+
# is represented with the binary data
|
573
|
+
#
|
574
|
+
# " \001\r\270\000\000\000\000\000\b\b\000 \fAz"
|
575
|
+
#
|
576
|
+
# With that data you can create a new IPv6 object:
|
577
|
+
#
|
578
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress::IPv6::parse_data " \001\r\270\000\000\000\000\000\b\b\000 \fAz"
|
579
|
+
# ip6.prefix = 64
|
580
|
+
#
|
581
|
+
# ip6.to_s
|
582
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
583
|
+
#
|
584
|
+
def self.parse_data(str)
|
585
|
+
self.new(IN6FORMAT % str.unpack("n8"))
|
586
|
+
end
|
587
|
+
|
588
|
+
#
|
589
|
+
# Creates a new IPv6 object from an
|
590
|
+
# unsigned 128 bits integer.
|
591
|
+
#
|
592
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress::IPv6::parse_u128(42540766411282592856906245548098208122)
|
593
|
+
# ip6.prefix = 64
|
594
|
+
#
|
595
|
+
# ip6.to_string
|
596
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
597
|
+
#
|
598
|
+
# The +prefix+ parameter is optional:
|
599
|
+
#
|
600
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress::IPv6::parse_u128(42540766411282592856906245548098208122, 64)
|
601
|
+
#
|
602
|
+
# ip6.to_string
|
603
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
604
|
+
#
|
605
|
+
def self.parse_u128(u128, prefix=128)
|
606
|
+
str = IN6FORMAT % (0..7).map{|i| (u128>>(112-16*i))&0xffff}
|
607
|
+
self.new(str + "/#{prefix}")
|
608
|
+
end
|
609
|
+
|
610
|
+
#
|
611
|
+
# Creates a new IPv6 object from a number expressed in
|
612
|
+
# hexdecimal format:
|
613
|
+
#
|
614
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress::IPv6::parse_hex("20010db80000000000080800200c417a")
|
615
|
+
# ip6.prefix = 64
|
616
|
+
#
|
617
|
+
# ip6.to_string
|
618
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
619
|
+
#
|
620
|
+
# The +prefix+ parameter is optional:
|
621
|
+
#
|
622
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress::IPv6::parse_hex("20010db80000000000080800200c417a", 64)
|
623
|
+
#
|
624
|
+
# ip6.to_string
|
625
|
+
# #=> "2001:db8::8:800:200c:417a/64"
|
626
|
+
#
|
627
|
+
def self.parse_hex(hex, prefix=128)
|
628
|
+
self.parse_u128(hex.hex, prefix)
|
629
|
+
end
|
630
|
+
|
631
|
+
private
|
632
|
+
|
633
|
+
def compress_address
|
634
|
+
str = @groups.map{|i| i.to_s 16}.join ":"
|
635
|
+
loop do
|
636
|
+
break if str.sub!(/\A0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0\Z/, '::')
|
637
|
+
break if str.sub!(/\b0:0:0:0:0:0:0\b/, ':')
|
638
|
+
break if str.sub!(/\b0:0:0:0:0:0\b/, ':')
|
639
|
+
break if str.sub!(/\b0:0:0:0:0\b/, ':')
|
640
|
+
break if str.sub!(/\b0:0:0:0\b/, ':')
|
641
|
+
break if str.sub!(/\b0:0:0\b/, ':')
|
642
|
+
break if str.sub!(/\b0:0\b/, ':')
|
643
|
+
break
|
644
|
+
end
|
645
|
+
str.sub(/:{3,}/, '::')
|
646
|
+
end
|
647
|
+
|
648
|
+
end # class IPv6
|
649
|
+
|
650
|
+
#
|
651
|
+
# The address with all zero bits is called the +unspecified+ address
|
652
|
+
# (corresponding to 0.0.0.0 in IPv4). It should be something like this:
|
653
|
+
#
|
654
|
+
# 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000
|
655
|
+
#
|
656
|
+
# but, with the use of compression, it is usually written as just two
|
657
|
+
# colons:
|
658
|
+
#
|
659
|
+
# ::
|
660
|
+
#
|
661
|
+
# or, specifying the netmask:
|
662
|
+
#
|
663
|
+
# ::/128
|
664
|
+
#
|
665
|
+
# With IPAddress, create a new unspecified IPv6 address using its own
|
666
|
+
# subclass:
|
667
|
+
#
|
668
|
+
# ip = IPAddress::IPv6::Unspecified.new
|
669
|
+
#
|
670
|
+
# ip.to_s
|
671
|
+
# #=> => "::/128"
|
672
|
+
#
|
673
|
+
# You can easily check if an IPv6 object is an unspecified address by
|
674
|
+
# using the IPv6#unspecified? method
|
675
|
+
#
|
676
|
+
# ip.unspecified?
|
677
|
+
# #=> true
|
678
|
+
#
|
679
|
+
# An unspecified IPv6 address can also be created with the wrapper
|
680
|
+
# method, like we've seen before
|
681
|
+
#
|
682
|
+
# ip = IPAddress "::"
|
683
|
+
#
|
684
|
+
# ip.unspecified?
|
685
|
+
# #=> true
|
686
|
+
#
|
687
|
+
# This address must never be assigned to an interface and is to be used
|
688
|
+
# only in software before the application has learned its host's source
|
689
|
+
# address appropriate for a pending connection. Routers must not forward
|
690
|
+
# packets with the unspecified address.
|
691
|
+
#
|
692
|
+
class IPAddress::IPv6::Unspecified < IPAddress::IPv6
|
693
|
+
#
|
694
|
+
# Creates a new IPv6 unspecified address
|
695
|
+
#
|
696
|
+
# ip = IPAddress::IPv6::Unspecified.new
|
697
|
+
#
|
698
|
+
# ip.to_s
|
699
|
+
# #=> => "::/128"
|
700
|
+
#
|
701
|
+
def initialize
|
702
|
+
@address = ("0000:"*8).chop
|
703
|
+
@groups = Array.new(8,0)
|
704
|
+
@prefix = Prefix128.new(128)
|
705
|
+
@compressed = compress_address
|
706
|
+
end
|
707
|
+
end # class IPv6::Unspecified
|
708
|
+
|
709
|
+
#
|
710
|
+
# The loopback address is a unicast localhost address. If an
|
711
|
+
# application in a host sends packets to this address, the IPv6 stack
|
712
|
+
# will loop these packets back on the same virtual interface.
|
713
|
+
#
|
714
|
+
# Loopback addresses are expressed in the following form:
|
715
|
+
#
|
716
|
+
# ::1
|
717
|
+
#
|
718
|
+
# or, with their appropriate prefix,
|
719
|
+
#
|
720
|
+
# ::1/128
|
721
|
+
#
|
722
|
+
# As for the unspecified addresses, IPv6 loopbacks can be created with
|
723
|
+
# IPAddress calling their own class:
|
724
|
+
#
|
725
|
+
# ip = IPAddress::IPv6::Loopback.new
|
726
|
+
#
|
727
|
+
# ip.to_string
|
728
|
+
# #=> "::1/128"
|
729
|
+
#
|
730
|
+
# or by using the wrapper:
|
731
|
+
#
|
732
|
+
# ip = IPAddress "::1"
|
733
|
+
#
|
734
|
+
# ip.to_string
|
735
|
+
# #=> "::1/128"
|
736
|
+
#
|
737
|
+
# Checking if an address is loopback is easy with the IPv6#loopback?
|
738
|
+
# method:
|
739
|
+
#
|
740
|
+
# ip.loopback?
|
741
|
+
# #=> true
|
742
|
+
#
|
743
|
+
# The IPv6 loopback address corresponds to 127.0.0.1 in IPv4.
|
744
|
+
#
|
745
|
+
class IPAddress::IPv6::Loopback < IPAddress::IPv6
|
746
|
+
#
|
747
|
+
# Creates a new IPv6 unspecified address
|
748
|
+
#
|
749
|
+
# ip = IPAddress::IPv6::Loopback.new
|
750
|
+
#
|
751
|
+
# ip.to_string
|
752
|
+
# #=> "::1/128"
|
753
|
+
#
|
754
|
+
def initialize
|
755
|
+
@address = ("0000:"*7)+"0001"
|
756
|
+
@groups = Array.new(7,0).push(1)
|
757
|
+
@prefix = Prefix128.new(128)
|
758
|
+
@compressed = compress_address
|
759
|
+
end
|
760
|
+
end # class IPv6::Loopback
|
761
|
+
|
762
|
+
#
|
763
|
+
# It is usually identified as a IPv4 mapped IPv6 address, a particular
|
764
|
+
# IPv6 address which aids the transition from IPv4 to IPv6. The
|
765
|
+
# structure of the address is
|
766
|
+
#
|
767
|
+
# ::ffff:w.y.x.z
|
768
|
+
#
|
769
|
+
# where w.x.y.z is a normal IPv4 address. For example, the following is
|
770
|
+
# a mapped IPv6 address:
|
771
|
+
#
|
772
|
+
# ::ffff:192.168.100.1
|
773
|
+
#
|
774
|
+
# IPAddress is very powerful in handling mapped IPv6 addresses, as the
|
775
|
+
# IPv4 portion is stored internally as a normal IPv4 object. Let's have
|
776
|
+
# a look at some examples. To create a new mapped address, just use the
|
777
|
+
# class builder itself
|
778
|
+
#
|
779
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress::IPv6::Mapped.new "::ffff:172.16.10.1/128"
|
780
|
+
#
|
781
|
+
# or just use the wrapper method
|
782
|
+
#
|
783
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "::ffff:172.16.10.1/128"
|
784
|
+
#
|
785
|
+
# Let's check it's really a mapped address:
|
786
|
+
#
|
787
|
+
# ip6.mapped?
|
788
|
+
# #=> true
|
789
|
+
#
|
790
|
+
# ip6.to_string
|
791
|
+
# #=> "::FFFF:172.16.10.1/128"
|
792
|
+
#
|
793
|
+
# Now with the +ipv4+ attribute, we can easily access the IPv4 portion
|
794
|
+
# of the mapped IPv6 address:
|
795
|
+
#
|
796
|
+
# ip6.ipv4.address
|
797
|
+
# #=> "172.16.10.1"
|
798
|
+
#
|
799
|
+
# Internally, the IPv4 address is stored as two 16 bits
|
800
|
+
# groups. Therefore all the usual methods for an IPv6 address are
|
801
|
+
# working perfectly fine:
|
802
|
+
#
|
803
|
+
# ip6.to_hex
|
804
|
+
# #=> "00000000000000000000ffffac100a01"
|
805
|
+
#
|
806
|
+
# ip6.address
|
807
|
+
# #=> "0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:ffff:ac10:0a01"
|
808
|
+
#
|
809
|
+
# A mapped IPv6 can also be created just by specify the address in the
|
810
|
+
# following format:
|
811
|
+
#
|
812
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "::172.16.10.1"
|
813
|
+
#
|
814
|
+
# That is, two colons and the IPv4 address. However, as by RFC, the ffff
|
815
|
+
# group will be automatically added at the beginning
|
816
|
+
#
|
817
|
+
# ip6.to_string
|
818
|
+
# => "::ffff:172.16.10.1/128"
|
819
|
+
#
|
820
|
+
# making it a mapped IPv6 compatible address.
|
821
|
+
#
|
822
|
+
class IPAddress::IPv6::Mapped < IPAddress::IPv6
|
823
|
+
|
824
|
+
# Access the internal IPv4 address
|
825
|
+
attr_reader :ipv4
|
826
|
+
|
827
|
+
#
|
828
|
+
# Creates a new IPv6 IPv4-mapped address
|
829
|
+
#
|
830
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress::IPv6::Mapped.new "::ffff:172.16.10.1/128"
|
831
|
+
#
|
832
|
+
# ipv6.ipv4.class
|
833
|
+
# #=> IPAddress::IPv4
|
834
|
+
#
|
835
|
+
# An IPv6 IPv4-mapped address can also be created using the
|
836
|
+
# IPv6 only format of the address:
|
837
|
+
#
|
838
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress::IPv6::Mapped.new "::0d01:4403"
|
839
|
+
#
|
840
|
+
# ip6.to_string
|
841
|
+
# #=> "::ffff:13.1.68.3"
|
842
|
+
#
|
843
|
+
def initialize(str)
|
844
|
+
string, netmask = str.split("/")
|
845
|
+
if string =~ /\./ # IPv4 in dotted decimal form
|
846
|
+
@ipv4 = IPAddress::IPv4.extract(string)
|
847
|
+
else # IPv4 in hex form
|
848
|
+
groups = IPAddress::IPv6.groups(string)
|
849
|
+
@ipv4 = IPAddress::IPv4.parse_u32((groups[-2]<< 16)+groups[-1])
|
850
|
+
end
|
851
|
+
super("::ffff:#{@ipv4.to_ipv6}/#{netmask}")
|
852
|
+
end
|
853
|
+
|
854
|
+
#
|
855
|
+
# Similar to IPv6#to_s, but prints out the IPv4 address
|
856
|
+
# in dotted decimal format
|
857
|
+
#
|
858
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "::ffff:172.16.10.1/128"
|
859
|
+
#
|
860
|
+
# ip6.to_s
|
861
|
+
# #=> "::ffff:172.16.10.1"
|
862
|
+
#
|
863
|
+
def to_s
|
864
|
+
"::ffff:#{@ipv4.address}"
|
865
|
+
end
|
866
|
+
|
867
|
+
#
|
868
|
+
# Similar to IPv6#to_string, but prints out the IPv4 address
|
869
|
+
# in dotted decimal format
|
870
|
+
#
|
871
|
+
#
|
872
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "::ffff:172.16.10.1/128"
|
873
|
+
#
|
874
|
+
# ip6.to_string
|
875
|
+
# #=> "::ffff:172.16.10.1/128"
|
876
|
+
#
|
877
|
+
def to_string
|
878
|
+
"::ffff:#{@ipv4.address}/#@prefix"
|
879
|
+
end
|
880
|
+
|
881
|
+
#
|
882
|
+
# Checks if the IPv6 address is IPv4 mapped
|
883
|
+
#
|
884
|
+
# ip6 = IPAddress "::ffff:172.16.10.1/128"
|
885
|
+
#
|
886
|
+
# ip6.mapped?
|
887
|
+
# #=> true
|
888
|
+
#
|
889
|
+
def mapped?
|
890
|
+
true
|
891
|
+
end
|
892
|
+
end # class IPv6::Mapped
|
893
|
+
|
894
|
+
end # module IPAddress
|
895
|
+
|