duby 0.0.1

data/test/test_compilation.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+require 'duby'
+require 'duby/compiler'
+require 'test/unit'
+require 'jruby'
+
+class TestAst < Test::Unit::TestCase
+  include Duby
+  
+  class MockCompiler
+    attr_accessor :calls
+    
+    def initialize
+      @calls = []
+    end
+    def compile(ast)
+      ast.compile(self, true)
+    end
+    
+    def line(num)
+      # ignore newlines
+    end
+    
+    def method_missing(sym, *args, &block)
+      calls << [sym, *args]
+      block.call if block
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def setup
+    @compiler = MockCompiler.new
+  end
+  
+  def test_fixnum
+    new_ast = AST.parse("1").body
+    
+    new_ast.compile(@compiler, true)
+    
+    assert_equal([[:fixnum, 1]], @compiler.calls)
+  end
+  
+  def test_string
+    new_ast = AST.parse("'foo'").body
+    
+    new_ast.compile(@compiler, true)
+    
+    assert_equal([[:string, "foo"]], @compiler.calls)
+  end
+  
+  def test_float
+    new_ast = AST.parse("1.0").body
+    
+    new_ast.compile(@compiler, true)
+    
+    assert_equal([[:float, 1.0]], @compiler.calls)
+  end
+  
+  def test_boolean
+    new_ast = AST.parse("true").body
+    
+    new_ast.compile(@compiler, true)
+    
+    assert_equal([[:boolean, true]], @compiler.calls)
+  end
+  
+  def test_local
+    new_ast = AST.parse("a = 1").body
+    
+    new_ast.compile(@compiler, true)
+    
+    assert_equal([[:local_assign, "a", nil, true, AST.fixnum(nil, nil, 1)]], @compiler.calls)
+  end
+  
+  def test_local_typed
+    new_ast = AST.parse("a = 1").body
+    typer = Typer::Simple.new(:bar)
+    new_ast.infer(typer)
+    new_ast.compile(@compiler, true)
+    
+    assert_equal([[:local_assign, "a", AST.type(:fixnum), true, AST.fixnum(nil, nil, 1)]], @compiler.calls)
+  end
+
+  def test_return
+    new_ast = AST.parse("return 1").body
+    new_ast.compile(@compiler, true)
+
+    assert_equal([[:return, new_ast]], @compiler.calls)
+  end
+
+  def test_empty_array
+    new_ast = AST.parse("int[5]").body
+    new_ast.compile(@compiler, true)
+
+    assert_equal(1, @compiler.calls.size)
+    size = @compiler.calls[0].pop
+    assert_equal([[:empty_array, AST.type(:int)]], @compiler.calls)
+    assert_equal(5, size.literal)
+  end
+end

data/test/test_java_typer.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+$:.unshift File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__),'..','lib')
+
+require 'test/unit'
+require 'duby/typer'
+require 'duby/plugin/java'
+require 'duby/jvm/compiler'
+require 'duby/jvm/typer'
+
+class TestJavaTyper < Test::Unit::TestCase
+  include Duby
+  
+  def setup
+    AST.type_factory = Duby::JVM::Types::TypeFactory.new
+    @typer = Typer::JVM.new('foobar')
+    compiler = Duby::Compiler::JVM.new('foobar')
+    
+    @java_typer = Typer::JavaTyper.new
+  end
+
+  def teardown
+    AST.type_factory = nil
+  end
+
+  def test_simple_overtyped_meta_method
+    string_meta = AST::type('java.lang.String', false, true)
+    string = AST::type('java.lang.String')
+    
+    # integral types
+    ['boolean', 'char', 'double', 'float', 'int', 'long'].each do |type_name|
+      type = AST::type(type_name)
+      return_type = @java_typer.method_type(@typer, string_meta, 'valueOf', [type])
+      assert_equal(string, return_type, "valueOf(#{type}) should return #{string}")
+    end
+    
+    # char[]
+    type = AST::type('char', true)
+    return_type = @java_typer.method_type(@typer, string_meta, 'valueOf', [type])
+    assert_equal(string, return_type)
+    
+    # Object
+    type = AST::type('java.lang.Object')
+    return_type = @java_typer.method_type(@typer, string_meta, 'valueOf', [type])
+    assert_equal(string, return_type)
+  end
+  
+  def test_non_overtyped_method
+    string = AST::type('java.lang.String')
+    
+    int = AST::type('int')
+    return_type = @java_typer.method_type(@typer, string, 'length', [])
+    assert_equal(int, return_type)
+    
+    byte_array = AST::type('byte', true)
+    return_type = @java_typer.method_type(@typer, string, 'getBytes', [])
+    assert_equal(byte_array, return_type)
+  end
+  
+  def test_simple_overtyped_method
+    string_meta = AST::type('java.lang.String', false, true)
+    string = AST::type('java.lang.String')
+    
+    return_type = @java_typer.method_type(@typer, string_meta, 'valueOf', [string])
+    assert_equal(string, return_type)
+  end
+  
+  def test_primitive_conversion_method
+    string = AST::type('java.lang.String')
+    byte = AST::type('byte')
+    char = AST::type('char')
+    long = AST::type('long')
+    
+    return_type = @java_typer.method_type(@typer, string, 'charAt', [byte])
+    assert_equal(char, return_type)
+    
+    assert_raise NoMethodError do
+      @java_typer.method_type(@typer, string, 'charAt', [long])
+    end
+  end
+  
+  include Duby::JVM::MethodLookup
+  
+  def test_complex_overtyped_method
+    printstream = java.io.PrintStream.java_class
+    object = java.lang.Object.java_class
+    string = java.lang.String.java_class
+    
+    # best match is Object
+    method = find_method(printstream, "println", [object], false)
+    assert_match('println(java.lang.Object)', method.to_s)
+    # best match is String
+    method = find_method(printstream, "println", [string], false)
+    assert_match('println(java.lang.String)', method.to_s)
+    # only match is Object
+    method = find_method(printstream, "println", [printstream], false)
+    assert_match('println(java.lang.Object)', method.to_s)
+  end
+  
+  def test_is_more_specific
+    object = java.lang.Object.java_class
+    charseq = java.lang.CharSequence.java_class
+    string = java.lang.String.java_class
+    
+    assert @java_typer.is_more_specific?([string], [object])
+    assert @java_typer.is_more_specific?([charseq], [object])
+    assert @java_typer.is_more_specific?([string], [charseq])
+  end
+  
+  def test_primitive_convertible
+    boolean = Java::boolean.java_class
+    byte = Java::byte.java_class
+    short = Java::short.java_class
+    char = Java::char.java_class
+    int = Java::int.java_class
+    long = Java::long.java_class
+    float = Java::float.java_class
+    double = Java::double.java_class
+    
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(boolean, byte)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(boolean, short)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(boolean, char)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(boolean, int)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(boolean, long)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(boolean, float)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(boolean, double)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(boolean, boolean)
+    
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(byte, boolean)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(byte, byte)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(byte, short)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(byte, char)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(byte, int)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(byte, long)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(byte, float)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(byte, double)
+    
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(short, boolean)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(short, byte)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(short, char)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(short, short)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(short, int)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(short, long)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(short, float)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(short, double)
+    
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(char, boolean)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(char, byte)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(char, short)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(char, char)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(char, int)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(char, long)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(char, float)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(char, double)
+    
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(int, boolean)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(int, byte)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(int, short)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(int, char)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(int, int)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(int, long)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(int, float)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(int, double)
+    
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(long, boolean)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(long, byte)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(long, short)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(long, char)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(long, int)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(long, long)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(long, float)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(long, double)
+    
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(float, boolean)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(float, byte)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(float, short)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(float, char)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(float, int)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(float, long)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(float, float)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(float, double)
+    
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(double, boolean)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(double, byte)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(double, short)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(double, char)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(double, int)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(double, long)
+    assert !primitive_convertible?(double, float)
+    assert primitive_convertible?(double, double)
+  end
+
+  def test_primitive_array
+    ary = AST.type('byte', true)
+    int = AST.type('int')
+
+    java_typer = Typer::JavaTyper.new
+
+    assert_equal(AST.type('byte'), java_typer.method_type(nil, ary, "[]", [int]))
+  end
+end

data/test/test_javac_compiler.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+$:.unshift File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__),'..','lib')
+
+require 'test/unit'
+require 'duby'
+require 'duby/jvm/source_compiler'
+require 'jruby'
+require 'stringio'
+require File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), 'test_jvm_compiler')
+
+class TestJavacCompiler < TestJVMCompiler
+  import javax.tools.ToolProvider
+  import java.util.Arrays
+  def javac(files)
+    compiler = ToolProvider.system_java_compiler
+    fm = compiler.get_standard_file_manager(nil, nil, nil)
+    units = fm.get_java_file_objects_from_strings(Arrays.as_list(files.to_java :string))
+    unless compiler.get_task(nil, fm, nil, nil, nil, units).call
+      raise "Compilation error"
+    end
+    loader = org.jruby.util.ClassCache::OneShotClassLoader.new(
+        JRuby.runtime.jruby_class_loader)
+    classes = []
+    files.each do |name|
+      classfile = name.sub /java$/, 'class'
+      if File.exist? classfile
+        bytecode = IO.read(classfile)
+        cls = loader.define_class(name[0..-6], bytecode.to_java_bytes)
+        classes << JavaUtilities.get_proxy_class(cls.name)
+        @tmp_classes << name
+        @tmp_classes << classfile 
+      end
+    end
+    classes
+  end
+  
+  def compile(code)
+    File.unlink(*@tmp_classes)
+    @tmp_classes.clear
+    AST.type_factory = Duby::JVM::Types::TypeFactory.new
+    ast = AST.parse(code)
+    name = "script" + System.nano_time.to_s
+    typer = Typer::JVM.new(name)
+    ast.infer(typer)
+    typer.resolve(true)
+    compiler = Compiler::JavaSource.new(name)
+    ast.compile(compiler, false)
+    java_files = []
+    compiler.generate do |name, builder|
+      bytes = builder.generate
+      open("#{name}", "w") do |f|
+        f << bytes
+      end
+      java_files << name
+    end
+    classes = javac(java_files)
+  end
+end

data/test/test_jvm_compiler.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,1459 @@
+$:.unshift File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__),'..','lib')
+
+require 'test/unit'
+require 'duby'
+require 'jruby'
+require 'stringio'
+
+class TestJVMCompiler < Test::Unit::TestCase
+  include Duby
+  import java.lang.System
+  import java.io.PrintStream
+
+  def setup
+    @tmp_classes = []
+  end
+
+  def teardown
+    AST.type_factory = nil
+    File.unlink(*@tmp_classes)
+  end
+
+  def assert_include(value, array, message=nil)
+    message = build_message message, '<?> does not include <?>', array, value
+    assert_block message do
+      array.include? value
+    end
+  end
+
+  def compile(code)
+    File.unlink(*@tmp_classes)
+    @tmp_classes.clear
+    AST.type_factory = Duby::JVM::Types::TypeFactory.new
+    name = "script" + System.nano_time.to_s
+    ast = AST.parse(code, name, true)
+    typer = Typer::JVM.new(name)
+    ast.infer(typer)
+    typer.resolve(true)
+    compiler = Compiler::JVM.new(name)
+    compiler.compile(ast)
+    classes = []
+    loader = org.jruby.util.ClassCache::OneShotClassLoader.new(
+        JRuby.runtime.jruby_class_loader)
+    compiler.generate do |name, builder|
+      bytes = builder.generate
+      open("#{name}", "w") do |f|
+        f << bytes
+      end
+      cls = loader.define_class(name[0..-7], bytes.to_java_bytes)
+      classes << JavaUtilities.get_proxy_class(cls.name)
+      @tmp_classes << "#{name}"
+    end
+
+    classes
+  end
+
+  def test_local
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 1; a; end")
+    assert_equal(1, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 1.0; a; end")
+    assert_equal(1.0, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 'bar'; a; end")
+    assert_equal('bar', cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_addition
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 1; b = 2; a + b; end")
+    assert_equal(3, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 1.0; b = 2.0; a + b; end")
+    assert_equal(3.0, cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_subtraction
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 3; b = 2; a - b; end")
+    assert_equal(1, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 3.0; b = 2.0; a - b; end")
+    assert_equal(1.0, cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_multiplication
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 2; b = 3; a * b; end")
+    assert_equal(6, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 2.0; b = 3.0; a * b; end")
+    assert_equal(6.0, cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_division
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 6; b = 3; a / b; end")
+    assert_equal(2, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 6.0; b = 3.0; a / b; end")
+    assert_equal(2.0, cls.foo)
+  end
+  
+  def test_rem
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 7; b = 3; a % b; end")
+    assert_equal(1, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 8.0; b = 3.0; a % b; end")
+    assert_equal(2.0, cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_shift_left
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 1; b = 3; a << b; end")
+    assert_equal(8, cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_shift_right
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 7; b = 2; a >> b; end")
+    assert_equal(1, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = -1; b = 1; a >> b; end")
+    assert_equal(-1, cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  # TODO the parser doesn't like >>>
+
+  # def test_unsigned_shift_right
+  #   cls, = compile("def foo; a = -1; b = 31; a >>> b; end")
+  #   assert_equal(1, cls.foo)
+  # end
+
+  def test_binary_and
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 7; b = 3; a & b; end")
+    assert_equal(3, cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_binary_or
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 4; b = 3; a | b; end")
+    assert_equal(7, cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_binary_xor
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 5; b = 3; a ^ b; end")
+    assert_equal(6, cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_return
+    cls, = compile("def foo; return 1; end")
+    assert_equal(1, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; return 1.0; end")
+    assert_equal(1.0, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; return 'bar'; end")
+    assert_equal('bar', cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_primitive_array
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = boolean[2]; a; end")
+    assert_equal(Java::boolean[].java_class, cls.foo.class.java_class)
+    assert_equal([false,false], cls.foo.to_a)
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = boolean[2]; a[0] = true; a[0]; end")
+    assert_equal(TrueClass, cls.foo.class)
+    assert_equal(true, cls.foo)
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = boolean[2]; a.length; end")
+    assert_equal(Fixnum, cls.foo.class)
+    assert_equal(2, cls.foo)
+    
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = byte[2]; a; end")
+    assert_equal(Java::byte[].java_class, cls.foo.class.java_class)
+    assert_equal([0,0], cls.foo.to_a)
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = byte[2]; a[0] = 1; a[0]; end")
+    assert_equal(Fixnum, cls.foo.class)
+    assert_equal(1, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = short[2]; a; end")
+    assert_equal(Java::short[].java_class, cls.foo.class.java_class)
+    assert_equal([0,0], cls.foo.to_a)
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = short[2]; a[0] = 1; a[0]; end")
+    assert_equal(Fixnum, cls.foo.class)
+    assert_equal(1, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = char[2]; a; end")
+    assert_equal(Java::char[].java_class, cls.foo.class.java_class)
+    assert_equal([0,0], cls.foo.to_a)
+    # Pending char constants or casts
+    # cls, = compile("def foo; a = char[2]; a[0] = 1; a[0]; end")
+    # assert_equal(Fixnum, cls.foo.class)
+    # assert_equal(1, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = int[2]; a; end")
+    assert_equal(Java::int[].java_class, cls.foo.class.java_class)
+    assert_equal([0,0], cls.foo.to_a)
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = int[2]; a[0] = 1; a[0]; end")
+    assert_equal(Fixnum, cls.foo.class)
+    assert_equal(1, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = long[2]; a; end")
+    assert_equal(Java::long[].java_class, cls.foo.class.java_class)
+    assert_equal([0,0], cls.foo.to_a)
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        a = long[2]
+        a[0] = 1
+        a[0]
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal(Fixnum, cls.foo.class)
+    assert_equal(1, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = float[2]; a; end")
+    assert_equal(Java::float[].java_class, cls.foo.class.java_class)
+    assert_equal([0.0,0.0], cls.foo.to_a)
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = float[2]; a[0] = 1.0; a[0]; end")
+    assert_equal(Float, cls.foo.class)
+    assert_equal(1.0, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = double[2]; a; end")
+    assert_equal(Java::double[].java_class, cls.foo.class.java_class)
+    assert_equal([0.0,0.0], cls.foo.to_a)
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        a = double[2]
+        # awaiting implicit F2D
+        # a[0] = 1.0
+        a[0]
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal(Float, cls.foo.class)
+    assert_equal(0.0, cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_array_with_dynamic_size
+    cls, = compile("def foo(size => :int); a = int[size + 1];end")
+    array = cls.foo(3)
+    assert_equal(Java::int[].java_class, array.class.java_class)
+    assert_equal([0,0,0,0], array.to_a)
+  end
+  
+  def test_object_array
+    cls, = compile("import java.lang.Object;def foo; a = Object[2];end")
+    assert_equal(Java::JavaLang::Object[].java_class, cls.foo.class.java_class)
+    assert_equal([nil, nil], cls.foo.to_a)
+  end
+
+  def test_string_concat
+    cls, = compile("def foo; a = 'a'; b = 'b'; a + b; end")
+    assert_equal("ab", cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_void_selfcall
+    cls, = compile("import 'System', 'java.lang.System'; def foo; System.gc; end; foo")
+    assert_nothing_raised {cls.foo}
+  end
+  
+  def test_import
+    cls, = compile("import 'AL', 'java.util.ArrayList'; def foo; AL.new; end; foo")
+    assert_equal java.util.ArrayList.java_class, cls.foo.java_class
+
+    cls, = compile("import 'java.util.ArrayList'; def foo; ArrayList.new; end; foo")
+    assert_equal java.util.ArrayList.java_class, cls.foo.java_class
+  end
+  
+  def test_no_quote_import
+    cls, = compile("import java.util.ArrayList as AL; def foo; AL.new; end; foo")
+    assert_equal java.util.ArrayList.java_class, cls.foo.java_class
+    
+    cls, = compile("import java.util.ArrayList; def foo; ArrayList.new; end; foo")
+    assert_equal java.util.ArrayList.java_class, cls.foo.java_class
+  end
+
+  def test_imported_decl
+    cls, = compile("import 'java.util.ArrayList'; def foo(a => ArrayList); a.size; end")
+    assert_equal 0, cls.foo(java.util.ArrayList.new)
+  end
+
+  def test_interface
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      import 'java.util.concurrent.Callable'
+      def foo(a => Callable)
+        throws Exception
+        a.call
+      end
+    EOF
+    result = cls.foo {0}
+    assert_equal 0, result
+    m = cls.java_class.java_method 'foo', java.util.concurrent.Callable
+    assert_equal([java.lang.Exception.java_class], m.exception_types)
+        
+  end
+
+  def test_class_decl
+    script, foo = compile("class ClassDeclTest;end")
+    assert_equal('ClassDeclTest', foo.java_class.name)
+  end
+
+  def capture_output
+    saved_output = System.out
+    output = StringIO.new
+    System.setOut(PrintStream.new(output.to_outputstream))
+    begin
+      yield
+      output.rewind
+      output.read
+    ensure
+      System.setOut(saved_output)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def assert_output(expected, &block)
+    assert_equal(expected, capture_output(&block))
+  end
+
+  def test_puts
+    cls, = compile("def foo;puts 'Hello World!';end")
+    output = capture_output do
+      cls.foo
+    end
+    assert_equal("Hello World!\n", output)
+  end
+
+  def test_constructor
+    script, cls = compile(
+        "class InitializeTest;def initialize;puts 'Constructed';end;end")
+    output = capture_output do
+      cls.new
+    end
+    assert_equal("Constructed\n", output)
+  end
+
+  def test_method
+    # TODO auto generate a constructor
+    script, cls = compile(
+      "class MethodTest; def initialize; ''; end; def foo; 'foo';end;end")
+    instance = cls.new
+    assert_equal(cls, instance.class)
+    assert_equal('foo', instance.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_unless_fixnum
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo(a => :fixnum)
+        values = boolean[5]
+        values[0] = true unless a < 0
+        values[1] = true unless a <= 0
+        values[2] = true unless a == 0
+        values[3] = true unless a >= 0
+        values[4] = true unless a > 0
+        values
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal [true, true, true, false, false], cls.foo(1).to_a
+    assert_equal [true, false, false, false, true], cls.foo(0).to_a
+    assert_equal [false, false, true, true, true], cls.foo(-1).to_a
+  end
+
+  def test_unless_float
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo(a => :float)
+        values = boolean[5]
+        values[0] = true unless a < 0.0
+        values[1] = true unless a <= 0.0
+        values[2] = true unless a == 0.0
+        values[3] = true unless a >= 0.0
+        values[4] = true unless a > 0.0
+        values
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal [true, true, true, false, false], cls.foo(1.0).to_a
+    assert_equal [true, false, false, false, true], cls.foo(0.0).to_a
+    assert_equal [false, false, true, true, true], cls.foo(-1.0).to_a
+  end
+
+  def test_if_fixnum
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo(a => :fixnum)
+        if a < -5
+          -6
+        elsif a <= 0
+          0
+        elsif a == 1
+          1
+        elsif a > 4
+          5
+        elsif a >= 3
+          3
+        else
+          2
+        end
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal(-6, cls.foo(-6))
+    assert_equal(0, cls.foo(-5))
+    assert_equal(0, cls.foo(0))
+    assert_equal(1, cls.foo(1))
+    assert_equal(2, cls.foo(2))
+    assert_equal(3, cls.foo(3))
+    assert_equal(3, cls.foo(4))
+    assert_equal(5, cls.foo(5))
+  end
+
+  def test_if_float
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo(a => :float)
+        if a < -5.0
+          -6
+        elsif a <= 0.0
+          0
+        elsif a == 1.0
+          1
+        elsif a > 4.0
+          5
+        elsif a >= 3.0
+          3
+        else
+          2
+        end
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal(-6, cls.foo(-5.1))
+    assert_equal(0, cls.foo(-5.0))
+    assert_equal(0, cls.foo(0.0))
+    assert_equal(1, cls.foo(1.0))
+    assert_equal(2, cls.foo(2.5))
+    assert_equal(3, cls.foo(3.0))
+    assert_equal(3, cls.foo(3.5))
+    assert_equal(5, cls.foo(4.1))
+  end
+
+  def test_if_boolean
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo(a => :boolean)
+        if a
+          'true'
+        else
+          'false'
+        end
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal('true', cls.foo(true))
+    assert_equal('false', cls.foo(false))
+  end
+
+  def test_if_int
+    # conditions don't work with :int
+    # cls, = compile("def foo(a => :int); if a < 0; -a; else; a; end; end")
+    # assert_equal 1, cls.foo(-1)
+    # assert_equal 3, cls.foo(3)
+  end
+
+  def test_trailing_conditions
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo(a => :fixnum)
+        return '+' if a > 0
+        return '0' unless a < 0
+        '-'
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal '+', cls.foo(3)
+    assert_equal '0', cls.foo(0)
+    assert_equal '-', cls.foo(-1)
+  end
+
+
+  def test_local_decl
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      import 'java.lang.String'
+      a = :fixnum
+      b = :int
+      c = :long
+      d = :float
+      e = :string
+      f = String
+      puts a
+      puts b
+      puts c
+      puts d
+      puts e
+      puts f
+    EOF
+    output = capture_output do
+      cls.main([].to_java(:string))
+    end
+    assert_equal("0\n0\n0\n0.0\nnull\nnull\n", output)
+  end
+
+  def test_multi_assign
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        array = int[2]
+        a = b = 2
+        array[0] = a
+        array[1] = b
+        array
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal([2, 2], cls.foo.to_a)
+    
+  end
+
+  def test_loop
+    cls, = compile(
+        'def foo(a => :fixnum);while a > 0; a -= 1; puts ".";end;end')
+    assert_equal('', capture_output{cls.foo(0)})
+    assert_equal(".\n", capture_output{cls.foo(1)})
+    assert_equal(".\n.\n", capture_output{cls.foo(2)})
+    
+    cls, = compile(
+        'def foo(a => :fixnum);begin;a -= 1; puts ".";end while a > 0;end')
+    assert_equal(".\n", capture_output{cls.foo(0)})
+    assert_equal(".\n", capture_output{cls.foo(1)})
+    assert_equal(".\n.\n", capture_output{cls.foo(2)})
+    
+    cls, = compile(
+        'def foo(a => :fixnum);until a <= 0; a -= 1; puts ".";end;end')
+    assert_equal('', capture_output{cls.foo(0)})
+    assert_equal(".\n", capture_output{cls.foo(1)})
+    assert_equal(".\n.\n", capture_output{cls.foo(2)})
+    
+    cls, = compile(
+        'def foo(a => :fixnum);begin;a -= 1; puts ".";end until a <= 0;end')
+    assert_equal(".\n", capture_output{cls.foo(0)})
+    assert_equal(".\n", capture_output{cls.foo(1)})
+    assert_equal(".\n.\n", capture_output{cls.foo(2)})
+
+    cls, = compile(
+        'def foo; a = 0; while a < 2; a+=1; end; end')
+    assert_equal(nil, cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_break
+    cls, = compile <<-EOF
+      def foo
+        count = 0
+        while count < 5
+          count += 1
+          break if count == 1
+        end
+        count
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal(1, cls.foo)
+    
+    cls, = compile <<-EOF
+      def foo
+        a = 0
+        b = 0
+        while a < 2
+          a += 1
+          while b < 5
+            b += 1
+            break if b > 0
+          end
+          break if a == 1
+        end
+        a * 100 + b
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal(101, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile <<-EOF
+      def foo
+        count = 0
+        begin
+          count += 1
+          break if count == 1
+        end while count < 5
+        count
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal(1, cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_next
+    cls, = compile <<-EOF
+      def foo
+        values = int[3]
+        i = 0
+        while i < 3
+          i += 1
+          next if i == 2
+          values[i - 1] = i
+        end
+        values
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal([1, 0, 3], cls.foo.to_a)
+
+    cls, = compile <<-EOF
+      def foo
+        i = 0
+        while i < 5
+          i += 1
+          next if i == 5
+        end
+        i
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal(5, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile <<-EOF
+      def foo
+        values = int[3]
+        a = 0
+        b = 0
+        while a < 3
+          b = 0
+          while b < 5
+            b += 1
+            next if b == a + 1
+            # values[a] += b # TODO
+            values[a] = values[a] + b
+          end
+          a += 1
+          next if a == 2
+          values[a - 1] = values[a - 1] + a * 100
+        end
+        values
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal([114, 13, 312], cls.foo.to_a)
+
+    cls, = compile <<-EOF
+      def foo
+        count = 0
+        sum = 0
+        begin
+          count += 1
+          next if count == 2
+          sum += count
+          next if count == 5
+        end while count < 5
+        count * 100 + sum
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal(513, cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_redo
+    cls, = compile <<-EOF
+      def foo
+        i = 0
+        while i < 5
+          i += 1
+          redo if i == 5
+        end
+        i
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal(6, cls.foo)
+
+    cls, = compile <<-EOF
+      def foo
+        values = int[4]
+        a = 0
+        b = 0
+        while a < 3
+          b = a
+          while b < 5
+            b += 1
+            redo if b == 5
+            values[a] = values[a] + b
+          end
+          a += 1
+          values[a - 1] = values[a - 1] + a * 100
+          redo if a == 3
+        end
+        values
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal([116, 215, 313, 410], cls.foo.to_a)
+
+    cls, = compile <<-EOF
+      def foo
+        i = 0
+        begin
+          i += 1
+          redo if i == 5
+        end while i < 5
+        i
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_equal(6, cls.foo)
+  end
+
+  def test_fields
+    script, cls = compile(<<-EOF)
+      class FieldTest
+        def initialize(a => :fixnum)
+          @a = a
+        end
+        
+        def a
+          @a
+        end
+      end
+    EOF
+    first = cls.new(1)
+    assert_equal(1, first.a)
+
+    second = cls.new(2)
+    assert_equal(1, first.a)
+    assert_equal(2, second.a)
+  end
+  
+  def test_object_intrinsics
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      import 'java.lang.Object'
+      def nil(a => :Object)
+        a.nil?
+      end
+      
+      def equal(a => Object, b => Object)
+        a == b
+      end
+    EOF
+    
+    assert(cls.nil(nil))
+    assert(!cls.nil("abc"))
+    
+    a = "foobar".to_java_string
+    b = java.lang.Object.new
+    assert(cls.equal(a, a))
+    assert(cls.equal(b, b))
+    assert(!cls.equal(a, b))
+  end
+  
+  def test_implements
+    script, cls = compile(<<-EOF)
+      import java.lang.Iterable
+      class Foo; implements Iterable
+        def iterator
+          nil
+        end
+      end
+    EOF
+
+    assert_include java.lang.Iterable.java_class, cls.java_class.interfaces
+  end
+  
+  def test_argument_widening
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def Byte(a => :byte)
+        Short(a)
+      end
+    
+      def Short(a => :short)
+        Int(a)
+      end
+    
+      def Int(a => :int)
+        Long(a)
+      end
+    
+      def Long(a => :long)
+        Float(a)
+      end
+    
+      def Float(a => :float)
+        Double(a)
+      end
+    
+      def Double(a => :double)
+        a
+      end
+      EOF
+
+      assert_equal(1.0, cls.Byte(1))
+      assert_equal(127.0, cls.Byte(127))
+      assert_equal(128.0, cls.Short(128))
+      assert_equal(32767.0, cls.Short(32767))
+      assert_equal(32768.0, cls.Int(32768))
+      assert_equal(2147483648.0, cls.Long(2147483648))
+  end
+  
+  def test_interface_declaration
+    script, interface = compile('interface A do; end')
+    assert(interface.java_class.interface?)
+    assert_equal('A', interface.java_class.name)
+    
+    script, a, b = compile('interface A do; end; interface B < A do; end')
+    assert_include(a, b.ancestors)
+    assert_equal('A', a.java_class.name)
+    assert_equal('B', b.java_class.name)
+    
+    script, a, b, c = compile(<<-EOF)
+      interface A do
+      end
+      
+      interface B do
+      end
+      
+      interface C < A, B do
+      end
+    EOF
+    
+    assert_include(a, c.ancestors)
+    assert_include(b, c.ancestors)
+    assert_equal('A', a.java_class.name)
+    assert_equal('B', b.java_class.name)
+    assert_equal('C', c.java_class.name)
+    
+    assert_raise Duby::Typer::InferenceError do
+      compile(<<-EOF)
+        interface A do
+          def a
+            returns :int
+          end
+        end
+      
+        class Impl; implements A
+          def a
+            "foo"
+          end
+        end
+      EOF
+    end
+  end
+
+  def assert_throw(type, message=nil)
+    ex = assert_raise(NativeException) do
+      yield
+    end
+    assert_equal type, ex.cause.class
+    assert_equal message, ex.cause.message
+  end
+
+  def test_raise
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        raise
+      end
+    EOF
+    assert_throw(java.lang.RuntimeException) do
+      cls.foo
+    end
+
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        raise "Oh no!"
+      end
+    EOF
+    ex = assert_throw(java.lang.RuntimeException, 'Oh no!') do
+      cls.foo
+    end
+
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        raise IllegalArgumentException
+      end
+    EOF
+    ex = assert_throw(java.lang.IllegalArgumentException) do
+      cls.foo
+    end
+
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        throws Exception
+        raise Exception, "oops"
+      end
+    EOF
+    ex = assert_throw(java.lang.Exception, "oops") do
+      cls.foo
+    end
+
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        throws Throwable
+        raise Throwable.new("darn")
+      end
+    EOF
+    ex = assert_throw(java.lang.Throwable, "darn") do
+      cls.foo
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def test_rescue
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        begin
+          puts "body"
+        rescue
+          puts "rescue"
+        end
+      end
+    EOF
+
+    output = capture_output do
+      cls.foo
+    end
+    assert_equal("body\n", output)
+
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        begin
+          puts "body"
+          raise
+        rescue
+          puts "rescue"
+        end
+      end
+    EOF
+
+    output = capture_output do
+      cls.foo
+    end
+    assert_equal("body\nrescue\n", output)
+
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo(a:int)
+        begin
+          puts "body"
+          if a == 0
+            raise IllegalArgumentException
+          else
+            raise
+          end
+        rescue IllegalArgumentException
+          puts "IllegalArgumentException"
+        rescue
+          puts "rescue"
+        end
+      end
+    EOF
+
+    output = capture_output do
+      cls.foo(1)
+      cls.foo(0)
+    end
+    assert_equal("body\nrescue\nbody\nIllegalArgumentException\n", output)
+
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo(a:int)
+        begin
+          puts "body"
+          if a == 0
+            raise IllegalArgumentException
+          elsif a == 1
+            raise Throwable
+          else
+            raise
+          end
+        rescue IllegalArgumentException, RuntimeException
+          puts "multi"
+        rescue Throwable
+          puts "other"
+        end
+      end
+    EOF
+
+    output = capture_output do
+      cls.foo(0)
+      cls.foo(1)
+      cls.foo(2)
+    end
+    assert_equal("body\nmulti\nbody\nother\nbody\nmulti\n", output)
+
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        begin
+          raise "foo"
+        rescue => ex
+          puts ex.getMessage
+        end
+      end
+    EOF
+
+    output = capture_output do
+      cls.foo
+    end
+    assert_equal("foo\n", output)
+  end
+
+  def test_ensure
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        1
+      ensure
+        puts "Hi"
+      end
+    EOF
+    output = capture_output do
+      assert_equal(1, cls.foo)
+    end
+    assert_equal "Hi\n", output
+
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        return 1
+      ensure
+        puts "Hi"
+      end
+    EOF
+    output = capture_output do
+      assert_equal(1, cls.foo)
+    end
+    assert_equal "Hi\n", output
+
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        begin
+          break
+        ensure
+          puts "Hi"
+        end while false
+      end
+    EOF
+    output = capture_output do
+      cls.foo
+    end
+    assert_equal "Hi\n", output
+
+  end
+
+  def test_cast
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def f2b; byte(1.0); end
+      def f2s; short(1.0); end
+      def f2c; char(1.0); end
+      def f2i; int(1.0); end
+      def f2l; long(1.0); end
+      def f2d; int(1.0); end
+
+      def i2b; byte(1); end
+      def i2s; short(1); end
+      def i2c; char(1); end
+      def i2l; long(1); end
+      def i2f; float(1); end
+      def i2d; int(1); end
+
+      def b2s; short(byte(1)); end
+      def b2c; char(byte(1)); end
+      def b2i; int(byte(1)); end
+      def b2l; long(byte(1)); end
+      def b2f; float(byte(1)); end
+      def b2d; double(byte(1)); end
+
+      def s2b; byte(short(1)); end
+      def s2c; char(short(1)); end
+      def s2i; int(short(1)); end
+      def s2l; long(short(1)); end
+      def s2f; float(short(1)); end
+      def s2d; double(short(1)); end
+
+      def c2b; byte(char(1)); end
+      def c2s; short(char(1)); end
+      def c2i; int(char(1)); end
+      def c2l; long(char(1)); end
+      def c2f; float(char(1)); end
+      def c2d; double(char(1)); end
+
+      def l2b; byte(long(1)); end
+      def l2c; char(long(1)); end
+      def l2i; int(long(1)); end
+      def l2l; long(long(1)); end
+      def l2f; float(long(1)); end
+      def l2d; double(long(1)); end
+
+      def d2b; byte(1.0); end
+      def d2s; short(1.0); end
+      def d2c; char(1.0); end
+      def d2i; int(1.0); end
+      def d2l; long(1.0); end
+      def d2f; float(1.0); end
+      
+      def hard_i2f(a:int)
+        float(if a < 0
+          a *= -1
+          a * 2
+        else
+          a * 2
+        end)
+      end
+    EOF
+
+    assert_equal 1, cls.b2s
+    assert_equal 1, cls.b2c
+    assert_equal 1, cls.b2i
+    assert_equal 1, cls.b2l
+    assert_equal 1.0, cls.b2f
+    assert_equal 1.0, cls.b2d
+
+    assert_equal 1, cls.s2b
+    assert_equal 1, cls.s2c
+    assert_equal 1, cls.s2i
+    assert_equal 1, cls.s2l
+    assert_equal 1.0, cls.s2f
+    assert_equal 1.0, cls.s2d
+
+    assert_equal 1, cls.c2b
+    assert_equal 1, cls.c2s
+    assert_equal 1, cls.c2i
+    assert_equal 1, cls.c2l
+    assert_equal 1.0, cls.c2f
+    assert_equal 1.0, cls.c2d
+
+    assert_equal 1, cls.i2b
+    assert_equal 1, cls.i2s
+    assert_equal 1, cls.i2c
+    assert_equal 1, cls.i2l
+    assert_equal 1.0, cls.i2f
+    assert_equal 1.0, cls.i2d
+
+    assert_equal 1, cls.f2b
+    assert_equal 1, cls.f2s
+    assert_equal 1, cls.f2c
+    assert_equal 1, cls.f2i
+    assert_equal 1, cls.f2l
+    assert_equal 1.0, cls.f2d
+
+    assert_equal 1, cls.d2b
+    assert_equal 1, cls.d2s
+    assert_equal 1, cls.d2c
+    assert_equal 1, cls.d2i
+    assert_equal 1, cls.d2l
+    assert_equal 1.0, cls.d2f
+    
+    assert_equal 2.0, cls.hard_i2f(1)
+    assert_equal 4.0, cls.hard_i2f(-2)
+  end
+  
+  def test_set
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        @foo
+      end
+      
+      def foo=(foo:int)
+        @foo = foo
+      end
+    EOF
+    
+    assert_equal(0, cls.foo)
+    assert_equal(2, cls.foo_set(2))
+    assert_equal(2, cls.foo)
+  end
+  
+  def test_null_is_false
+    cls, = compile("def foo(a:String);if a;true;else;false;end;end")
+    assert_equal(true, cls.foo("a"))
+    assert_equal(false, cls.foo(nil))
+  end
+  
+  def test_for
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo
+        a = int[3]
+        count = 0
+        for x in a
+          count += 1
+        end
+        count
+      end
+    EOF
+    
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo(a:int[])
+        count = 0
+        for x in a
+          count += x
+        end
+        count
+      end
+    EOF
+
+    assert_equal(9, cls.foo([2, 3, 4].to_java(:int)))
+  end
+  
+  def test_if_expr
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def foo(a:int)
+        return 1 if a == 1
+      end
+      
+      def bar(a:int)
+        return 1 unless a == 1
+      end
+    EOF
+    
+    assert_equal(0, cls.foo(0))
+    assert_equal(1, cls.foo(1))
+    assert_equal(1, cls.bar(0))
+    assert_equal(0, cls.bar(1))
+  end
+  
+  def test_and
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def bool(n:String, x:boolean)
+        puts n
+        x
+      end
+
+      def foo(a:boolean, b:boolean)
+        return bool('a', a) && bool('b', b)
+      end
+      
+      def str(n:String, x:String)
+        puts n
+        x
+      end
+      
+      def bar(a:String, b:String)
+        return str('a', a) && str('b', b)
+      end
+    EOF
+    
+    assert_output("a\n") { assert_equal(false, cls.foo(false, true)) }
+    assert_output("a\nb\n") { assert_equal(false, cls.foo(true, false)) }
+    assert_output("a\nb\n") { assert_equal(true, cls.foo(true, true)) }
+    
+    assert_output("a\n") { assert_equal(nil, cls.bar(nil, "B")) }
+    assert_output("a\nb\n") { assert_equal(nil, cls.bar("A", nil)) }
+    assert_output("a\nb\n") { assert_equal("B", cls.bar("A", "B")) }
+
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def s
+        @s
+      end
+      
+      def s=(s:String)
+        @s = s
+      end
+      
+      def b
+        @b
+      end
+      
+      def b=(b:boolean)
+        @b = b
+      end
+
+      def foo(x:boolean)
+        @b &&= x
+      end
+            
+      def bar(x:String)
+        @s &&= x
+      end
+    EOF
+
+    cls.b_set(false)
+    assert_equal(false, cls.foo(false))
+    assert_equal(false, cls.b)
+
+    cls.b_set(true)
+    assert_equal(false, cls.foo(false))
+    assert_equal(false, cls.b)
+
+    cls.b_set(true)
+    assert_equal(true, cls.foo(true))
+    assert_equal(true, cls.b)
+    
+    cls.s_set(nil)
+    assert_equal(nil, cls.bar(nil))
+    assert_equal(nil, cls.s)
+
+    cls.s_set("S")
+    assert_equal(nil, cls.bar(nil))
+    assert_equal(nil, cls.s)
+
+    cls.s_set("S")
+    assert_equal("x", cls.bar("x"))
+    assert_equal("x", cls.s)
+    
+    cls, foo = compile(<<-EOF)
+      class Foo2
+        def initialize
+          @count = 0
+        end
+        
+        def count
+          @count
+        end
+        
+        def a
+          @a
+        end
+        
+        def a=(a:String)
+          @count += 1
+          @a = a
+        end
+        
+        def foo(f:Foo2, x:String)
+          f.a &&= x
+        end
+      end
+    EOF
+    
+    f = foo.new
+    assert_equal(nil, f.foo(f, 'x'))
+    assert_equal(0, f.count)
+    
+    f = foo.new
+    f.a_set("A")
+    assert_equal(nil, f.foo(f, nil))
+    assert_equal(2, f.count)
+    
+    f = foo.new
+    f.a_set("A")
+    assert_equal('x', f.foo(f, 'x'))
+    assert_equal(2, f.count)
+  end
+
+  def test_or
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def bool(n:String, x:boolean)
+        puts n
+        x
+      end
+
+      def foo(a:boolean, b:boolean)
+        return bool('a', a) || bool('b', b)
+      end
+      
+      def str(n:String, x:String)
+        puts n
+        x
+      end
+      
+      def bar(a:String, b:String)
+        return str('a', a) || str('b', b)
+      end
+    EOF
+    
+    assert_output("a\n") { assert_equal(true, cls.foo(true, false)) }
+    assert_output("a\nb\n") { assert_equal(false, cls.foo(false, false)) }
+    assert_output("a\nb\n") { assert_equal(true, cls.foo(false, true)) }
+    
+    assert_output("a\n") { assert_equal("A", cls.bar("A", nil)) }
+    assert_output("a\nb\n") { assert_equal(nil, cls.bar(nil, nil)) }
+    assert_output("a\nb\n") { assert_equal("B", cls.bar(nil, "B")) }
+
+    cls, = compile(<<-EOF)
+      def s
+        @s
+      end
+      
+      def s=(s:String)
+        @s = s
+      end
+      
+      def b
+        @b
+      end
+      
+      def b=(b:boolean)
+        @b = b
+      end
+
+      def foo(x:boolean)
+        @b ||= x
+      end
+            
+      def bar(x:String)
+        @s ||= x
+      end
+    EOF
+
+    cls.b_set(false)
+    assert_equal(false, cls.foo(false))
+    assert_equal(false, cls.b)
+
+    cls.b_set(false)
+    assert_equal(true, cls.foo(true))
+    assert_equal(true, cls.b)
+
+    cls.b_set(true)
+    assert_equal(true, cls.foo(false))
+    assert_equal(true, cls.b)
+    
+    cls.s_set(nil)
+    assert_equal(nil, cls.bar(nil))
+    assert_equal(nil, cls.s)
+
+    cls.s_set(nil)
+    assert_equal("x", cls.bar("x"))
+    assert_equal("x", cls.s)
+
+    cls.s_set("S")
+    assert_equal("S", cls.bar("x"))
+    assert_equal("S", cls.s)
+
+    cls, foo = compile(<<-EOF)
+      class Foo3
+        def initialize
+          @count = 0
+        end
+        
+        def count
+          @count
+        end
+        
+        def a
+          @a
+        end
+        
+        def a=(a:String)
+          @count += 1
+          @a = a
+        end
+        
+        def foo(f:Foo3, x:String)
+          f.a ||= x
+        end
+      end
+    EOF
+    
+    f = foo.new
+    assert_equal('x', f.foo(f, 'x'))
+    assert_equal(1, f.count)
+    
+    f = foo.new
+    assert_equal(nil, f.foo(f, nil))
+    assert_equal(1, f.count)
+    
+    f = foo.new
+    f.a_set("A")
+    assert_equal("A", f.foo(f, nil))
+    assert_equal(1, f.count)
+
+    f = foo.new
+    f.a_set("A")
+    assert_equal("A", f.foo(f, 'X'))
+    assert_equal(1, f.count)
+  end
+  
+  def test_op_elem_assign
+    cls, foo = compile(<<-EOF)
+      class Foo4
+        def initialize
+          @i = -1
+        end
+        
+        def i
+          @i += 1
+        end
+        
+        def a
+          @a
+        end
+        
+        def a=(a:String[])
+          @a = a
+        end
+        
+        def foo(x:String)
+          a[i] ||= x
+        end
+
+        def bar(x:String)
+          a[i] &&= x
+        end
+      end
+    EOF
+    
+    f = foo.new
+    f.a_set([nil, nil, nil].to_java(:string))
+    assert_equal(nil, f.bar("x"))
+    assert_equal([nil, nil, nil], f.a.to_a)
+    assert_equal("x", f.foo("x"))
+    assert_equal([nil, "x", nil], f.a.to_a)
+  end
+end