dicom 0.9.3 → 0.9.4

data/lib/dicom/audit_trail.rb

@@ -1,117 +1,105 @@
-module DICOM
-
-  # The AuditTrail class handles key/value storage for the Anonymizer.
-  # When using the advanced Anonymization options such as enumeration
-  # and UID replacement, the AuditTrail class keeps track of key/value
-  # pairs and dumps this information to a text file using the json format.
-  # This enables us to ensure a unique relationship between the anonymized
-  # values and the original values, as well as preserving this relationship
-  # for later restoration of original values.
-  #
-  class AuditTrail
-
-    # The hash used for storing the key/value pairs of this instace.
-    attr_reader :dictionary
-
-    # Creates a new AuditTrail instance by loading the information stored
-    # in the specified file.
-    #
-    # === Parameters
-    #
-    # * <tt>file_name</tt> -- The path to a file containing a previously stored audit trail.
-    #
-    def self.read(file_name)
-      audit_trail = AuditTrail.new
-      audit_trail.load(file_name)
-      return audit_trail
-    end
-
-    # Creates a new AuditTrail instance.
-    #
-    def initialize
-      # The AuditTrail requires JSON for serialization:
-      require 'json'
-      # Define the key/value hash used for tag records:
-      @dictionary = Hash.new
-    end
-
-    # Adds a tag record to the log.
-    #
-    # === Parameters
-    #
-    # * <tt>tag</tt> -- The tag string (e.q. "0010,0010").
-    # * <tt>original</tt> -- The original value (e.q. "John Doe").
-    # * <tt>replacement</tt> -- The replacement value (e.q. "Patient1").
-    #
-    def add_record(tag, original, replacement)
-      @dictionary[tag] = Hash.new unless @dictionary.key?(tag)
-      @dictionary[tag][original] = replacement
-    end
-
-    # Loads the key/value dictionary hash from a specified file.
-    #
-    # === Parameters
-    #
-    # * <tt>file_name</tt> -- The path to a file containing a previously stored audit trail.
-    #
-    def load(file_name)
-      @dictionary = JSON.load(File.new(file_name, "r"))
-    end
-
-    # Retrieves the replacement value used for the given tag and its original value.
-    #
-    # === Parameters
-    #
-    # * <tt>tag</tt> -- The tag string (e.q. "0010,0010").
-    # * <tt>replacement</tt> -- The replacement value (e.q. "Patient1").
-    #
-    def original(tag, replacement)
-      original = nil
-      if @dictionary.key?(tag)
-        original = @dictionary[tag].key(replacement)
-      end
-      return original
-    end
-
-    # Returns the key/value pairs for a specific tag.
-    #
-    # === Parameters
-    #
-    # * <tt>tag</tt> -- The tag string (e.q. "0010,0010").
-    #
-    def records(tag)
-      if @dictionary.key?(tag)
-        return @dictionary[tag]
-      else
-        return Hash.new
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Retrieves the replacement value used for the given tag and its original value.
-    #
-    # === Parameters
-    #
-    # * <tt>tag</tt> -- The tag string (e.q. "0010,0010").
-    # * <tt>original</tt> -- The original value (e.q. "John Doe").
-    #
-    def replacement(tag, original)
-      replacement = nil
-      replacement = @dictionary[tag][original] if @dictionary.key?(tag)
-      return replacement
-    end
-
-    # Dumps the key/value pairs to a json string which is written to
-    # file as specified by the @file_name attribute of this instance.
-    #
-    #
-    # === Parameters
-    #
-    # * <tt>file_name</tt> -- The file name string to be used for storing & retrieving key/value pairs on disk.
-    #
-    def write(file_name)
-      str = JSON.pretty_generate(@dictionary)
-      File.open(file_name, 'w') {|f| f.write(str) }
-    end
-
-  end
+module DICOM
+
+  # The AuditTrail class handles key/value storage for the Anonymizer.
+  # When using the advanced Anonymization options such as enumeration
+  # and UID replacement, the AuditTrail class keeps track of key/value
+  # pairs and dumps this information to a text file using the json format.
+  # This enables us to ensure a unique relationship between the anonymized
+  # values and the original values, as well as preserving this relationship
+  # for later restoration of original values.
+  #
+  class AuditTrail
+
+    # The hash used for storing the key/value pairs of this instace.
+    attr_reader :dictionary
+
+    # Creates a new AuditTrail instance by loading the information stored
+    # in the specified file.
+    #
+    # @param [String] file_name the path to a file containing a previously stored audit trail
+    # @return [AuditTrail] the created AuditTrail instance
+    #
+    def self.read(file_name)
+      audit_trail = AuditTrail.new
+      audit_trail.load(file_name)
+      return audit_trail
+    end
+
+    # Creates a new AuditTrail instance.
+    #
+    def initialize
+      # The AuditTrail requires JSON for serialization:
+      require 'json'
+      # Define the key/value hash used for tag records:
+      @dictionary = Hash.new
+    end
+
+    # Adds a tag record to the log.
+    #
+    # @param [String] tag the tag string (e.q. '0010,0010')
+    # @param [String, Integer, Float] original the original value (e.q. 'John Doe')
+    # @param [String, Integer, Float] replacement the replacement value (e.q. 'Patient1')
+    #
+    def add_record(tag, original, replacement)
+      @dictionary[tag] = Hash.new unless @dictionary.key?(tag)
+      @dictionary[tag][original] = replacement
+    end
+
+    # Loads the key/value dictionary hash from a specified file.
+    #
+    # @param [String] file_name the path to a file containing a previously stored audit trail
+    #
+    def load(file_name)
+      @dictionary = JSON.load(File.new(file_name, "r:UTF-8"))
+    end
+
+    # Retrieves the original value used for the given combination of tag & replacement value.
+    #
+    # @param [String] tag the tag string (e.q. '0010,0010')
+    # @param [String, Integer, Float] replacement the replacement value (e.q. 'Patient1')
+    # @return [String, Integer, Float] the original value of the given tag
+    #
+    def original(tag, replacement)
+      original = nil
+      if @dictionary.key?(tag)
+        original = @dictionary[tag].key(replacement)
+      end
+      return original
+    end
+
+    # Gives the key/value pairs for a specific tag.
+    #
+    # @param [String] tag the tag string (e.q. '0010,0010')
+    # @return [Hash] the key/value pairs of a specific tag
+    #
+    def records(tag)
+      if @dictionary.key?(tag)
+        return @dictionary[tag]
+      else
+        return Hash.new
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Retrieves the replacement value used for the given combination of tag & original value.
+    #
+    # @param [String] tag the tag string (e.q. '0010,0010')
+    # @param [String, Integer, Float] original the original value (e.q. 'John Doe')
+    # @return [String, Integer, Float] the replacement value of the given tag
+    #
+    def replacement(tag, original)
+      replacement = nil
+      replacement = @dictionary[tag][original] if @dictionary.key?(tag)
+      return replacement
+    end
+
+    # Dumps the key/value pairs to a json string which is written to the specified file.
+    #
+    # @param [String] file_name the path to be used for storing key/value pairs on disk
+    #
+    def write(file_name)
+      str = JSON.pretty_generate(@dictionary)
+      File.open(file_name, 'w') {|f| f.write(str) }
+    end
+
+  end
 end

data/lib/dicom/constants.rb

@@ -1,170 +1,219 @@
-module DICOM
-
-  # Ruby DICOM's registered DICOM UID root (Implementation Class UID).
-  UID = "1.2.826.0.1.3680043.8.641"
-  # Ruby DICOM name & version (max 16 characters).
-  NAME = "RUBY_DCM_" + DICOM::VERSION
-
-  # Item tag.
-  ITEM_TAG = "FFFE,E000"
-  # All Item related tags (includes both types of delimitation items).
-  ITEM_TAGS = ["FFFE,E000", "FFFE,E00D", "FFFE,E0DD"]
-  # Item delimiter tag.
-  ITEM_DELIMITER = "FFFE,E00D"
-  # Sequence delimiter tag.
-  SEQUENCE_DELIMITER = "FFFE,E0DD"
-  # All delimiter tags.
-  DELIMITER_TAGS = ["FFFE,E00D", "FFFE,E0DD"]
-
-  # The VR used for the item elements.
-  ITEM_VR = "  "
-
-  # Pixel tag.
-  PIXEL_TAG = "7FE0,0010"
-  # Name of the pixel tag when holding encapsulated data.
-  ENCAPSULATED_PIXEL_NAME = "Encapsulated Pixel Data"
-  # Name of encapsulated items.
-  PIXEL_ITEM_NAME = "Pixel Data Item"
-
-  # File meta group.
-  META_GROUP = "0002"
-
-  # Group length element.
-  GROUP_LENGTH = "0000"
-
-  # Implicit, little endian (the default transfer syntax).
-  IMPLICIT_LITTLE_ENDIAN = "1.2.840.10008.1.2"
-  # Explicit, little endian transfer syntax.
-  EXPLICIT_LITTLE_ENDIAN = "1.2.840.10008.1.2.1"
-  # Explicit, big endian transfer syntax.
-  EXPLICIT_BIG_ENDIAN = "1.2.840.10008.1.2.2"
-
-  # Verification SOP class UID.
-  VERIFICATION_SOP = "1.2.840.10008.1.1"
-  # Application context SOP class UID.
-  APPLICATION_CONTEXT = "1.2.840.10008.3.1.1.1"
-
-  # Network transmission successful.
-  SUCCESS = 0
-  # Network proposition accepted.
-  ACCEPTANCE = 0
-  # Presentation context rejected by abstract syntax.
-  ABSTRACT_SYNTAX_REJECTED = 3
-  # Presentation context rejected by transfer syntax.
-  TRANSFER_SYNTAX_REJECTED = 4
-
-  # Some network command element codes:
-  C_STORE_RQ = 1 # (encodes to 0001H as US)
-  C_GET_RQ = 16 # (encodes to 0010H as US)
-  C_FIND_RQ = 32 # (encodes to 0020H as US)
-  C_MOVE_RQ = 33 # (encodes to 0021H as US)
-  C_ECHO_RQ = 48 # (encodes to 0030 as US)
-  C_CANCEL_RQ = 4095 # (encodes to 0FFFH as US)
-  C_STORE_RSP = 32769 # (encodes to 8001H as US)
-  C_GET_RSP = 32784 # (encodes to 8010H as US)
-  C_FIND_RSP = 32800 # (encodes to 8020H as US)
-  C_MOVE_RSP = 32801 # (encodes to 8021H as US)
-  C_ECHO_RSP = 32816 # (encodes to 8030H as US)
-  NO_DATA_SET_PRESENT = 257 # (encodes to 0101H as US)
-  DATA_SET_PRESENT = 1
-  DEFAULT_MESSAGE_ID = 1
-
-  # The network communication flags:
-  DATA_MORE_FRAGMENTS = "00"
-  COMMAND_MORE_FRAGMENTS = "01"
-  DATA_LAST_FRAGMENT = "02"
-  COMMAND_LAST_FRAGMENT = "03"
-
-  # Network communication PDU types:
-  PDU_ASSOCIATION_REQUEST = "01"
-  PDU_ASSOCIATION_ACCEPT = "02"
-  PDU_ASSOCIATION_REJECT = "03"
-  PDU_DATA = "04"
-  PDU_RELEASE_REQUEST = "05"
-  PDU_RELEASE_RESPONSE = "06"
-  PDU_ABORT = "07"
-
-  # Network communication item types:
-  ITEM_APPLICATION_CONTEXT = "10"
-  ITEM_PRESENTATION_CONTEXT_REQUEST = "20"
-  ITEM_PRESENTATION_CONTEXT_RESPONSE = "21"
-  ITEM_ABSTRACT_SYNTAX = "30"
-  ITEM_TRANSFER_SYNTAX = "40"
-  ITEM_USER_INFORMATION = "50"
-  ITEM_MAX_LENGTH = "51"
-  ITEM_IMPLEMENTATION_UID = "52"
-  ITEM_MAX_OPERATIONS_INVOKED = "53"
-  ITEM_ROLE_NEGOTIATION = "54"
-  ITEM_IMPLEMENTATION_VERSION = "55"
-
-  # Varaibles used to determine endianness.
-  x = 0xdeadbeef
-  endian_type = {
-    Array(x).pack("V*") => false, # Little
-    Array(x).pack("N*") => true   # Big
-  }
-  # System (CPU) Endianness.
-  CPU_ENDIAN = endian_type[Array(x).pack("L*")]
-
-  # Custom string used for (un)packing big endian signed short.
-  CUSTOM_SS = "k*"
-  # Custom string used for (un)packing big endian signed long.
-  CUSTOM_SL = "r*"
-
-  # Ruby DICOM's library (data dictionary).
-  LIBRARY =  DICOM::DLibrary.new
-
-  # Transfer Syntaxes
-  # Taken from DICOM Specification PS 3.5, Chapter 10
-
-  # General
-  TXS_IMPLICIT_LITTLE_ENDIAN            = '1.2.840.10008.1.2'      # also defined as IMPLICIT_LITTLE_ENDIAN, default transfer syntax
-  TXS_EXPLICIT_LITTLE_ENDIAN            = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.1'    # also defined as EXPLICIT_LITTLE_ENDIAN
-  TXS_EXPLICIT_BIG_ENDIAN               = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.2'    # also defined as EXPLICIT_BIG_ENDIAN
-
-  # TRANSFER SYNTAXES FOR ENCAPSULATION OF ENCODED PIXEL DATA
-  TXS_JPEG_BASELINE                     = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.50'
-  TXS_JPEG_EXTENDED                     = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.51'
-  TXS_JPEG_LOSSLESS_NH                  = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.57' # NH: non-hirarchical
-  TXS_JPEG_LOSSLESS_NH_FOP              = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.70' # NH: non-hirarchical, FOP: first-order prediction
-
-  TXS_JPEG_LS_LOSSLESS                  = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.80'
-  TXS_JPEG_LS_NEAR_LOSSLESS             = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.81'
-
-  TXS_JPEG_2000_PART1_LOSSLESS          = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.90'
-  TXS_JPEG_2000_PART1_LOSSLESS_OR_LOSSY = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.91'
-  TXS_JPEG_2000_PART2_LOSSLESS          = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.92'
-  TXS_JPEG_2000_PART2_LOSSLESS_OR_LOSSY = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.93'
-
-  TXS_MPEG2_MP_ML                       = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.100'
-  TXS_MPEG2_MP_HL                       = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.101'
-
-  TXS_DEFLATED_LITTLE_ENDIAN            = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.1.99'  # ZIP Compression
-
-  TXS_JPIP                              = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.94'
-  TXS_JPIP_DEFLATE                      = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.95'
-
-  TXS_RLE                               = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.5'
-
-
-  # Photometric Interpretations
-  # Taken from DICOM Specification PS 3.3 C.7.6.3.1.2 Photometric Interpretation
-
-  PI_MONOCHROME1     = 'MONOCHROME1'
-  PI_MONOCHROME2     = 'MONOCHROME2'
-  PI_PALETTE_COLOR   = 'PALETTE COLOR'
-  PI_RGB             = 'RGB'
-  PI_YBR_FULL        = 'YBR_FULL'
-  PI_YBR_FULL_422    = 'YBR_FULL_422 '
-  PI_YBR_PARTIAL_422 = 'YBR_PARTIAL_422'
-  PI_YBR_PARTIAL_420 = 'YBR_PARTIAL_420'
-  PI_YBR_ICT         = 'YBR_ICT'
-  PI_YBR_RCT         = 'YBR_RCT'
-
-  # Retired Photometric Interpretations, are those needed to be supported?
-  PI_HSV             = 'HSV'
-  PI_ARGB            = 'ARGB'
-  PI_CMYK            = 'CMYK'
-
-end
-
+module DICOM
+
+  # Defines the gem root directory in the file system.
+  ROOT_DIR = "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}"
+
+  # Ruby DICOM's registered DICOM UID root (Implementation Class UID).
+  UID_ROOT = "1.2.826.0.1.3680043.8.641"
+  # Ruby DICOM name & version (max 16 characters).
+  NAME = "RUBY_DCM_" + DICOM::VERSION
+
+  # Item tag.
+  ITEM_TAG = "FFFE,E000"
+  # All Item related tags (includes both types of delimitation items).
+  ITEM_TAGS = ["FFFE,E000", "FFFE,E00D", "FFFE,E0DD"]
+  # Item delimiter tag.
+  ITEM_DELIMITER = "FFFE,E00D"
+  # Sequence delimiter tag.
+  SEQUENCE_DELIMITER = "FFFE,E0DD"
+  # All delimiter tags.
+  DELIMITER_TAGS = ["FFFE,E00D", "FFFE,E0DD"]
+
+  # The VR used for the item elements.
+  ITEM_VR = "  "
+
+  # Pixel tag.
+  PIXEL_TAG = "7FE0,0010"
+  # Name of the pixel tag when holding encapsulated data.
+  ENCAPSULATED_PIXEL_NAME = "Encapsulated Pixel Data"
+  # Name of encapsulated items.
+  PIXEL_ITEM_NAME = "Pixel Data Item"
+
+  # File meta group.
+  META_GROUP = "0002"
+
+  # Group length element.
+  GROUP_LENGTH = "0000"
+
+  # Implicit, little endian (the default transfer syntax).
+  IMPLICIT_LITTLE_ENDIAN = "1.2.840.10008.1.2"
+  # Explicit, little endian transfer syntax.
+  EXPLICIT_LITTLE_ENDIAN = "1.2.840.10008.1.2.1"
+  # Explicit, big endian transfer syntax.
+  EXPLICIT_BIG_ENDIAN = "1.2.840.10008.1.2.2"
+
+  # Verification SOP class UID.
+  VERIFICATION_SOP = "1.2.840.10008.1.1"
+  # Application context SOP class UID.
+  APPLICATION_CONTEXT = "1.2.840.10008.3.1.1.1"
+
+  # Network transmission successful.
+  SUCCESS = 0
+  # Network proposition accepted.
+  ACCEPTANCE = 0
+  # Presentation context rejected by abstract syntax.
+  ABSTRACT_SYNTAX_REJECTED = 3
+  # Presentation context rejected by transfer syntax.
+  TRANSFER_SYNTAX_REJECTED = 4
+
+  # Some network command element codes:
+  C_STORE_RQ = 1 # (encodes to 0001H as US)
+  C_GET_RQ = 16 # (encodes to 0010H as US)
+  C_FIND_RQ = 32 # (encodes to 0020H as US)
+  C_MOVE_RQ = 33 # (encodes to 0021H as US)
+  C_ECHO_RQ = 48 # (encodes to 0030 as US)
+  C_CANCEL_RQ = 4095 # (encodes to 0FFFH as US)
+  C_STORE_RSP = 32769 # (encodes to 8001H as US)
+  C_GET_RSP = 32784 # (encodes to 8010H as US)
+  C_FIND_RSP = 32800 # (encodes to 8020H as US)
+  C_MOVE_RSP = 32801 # (encodes to 8021H as US)
+  C_ECHO_RSP = 32816 # (encodes to 8030H as US)
+  NO_DATA_SET_PRESENT = 257 # (encodes to 0101H as US)
+  DATA_SET_PRESENT = 1
+  DEFAULT_MESSAGE_ID = 1
+
+  # The network communication flags:
+  DATA_MORE_FRAGMENTS = "00"
+  COMMAND_MORE_FRAGMENTS = "01"
+  DATA_LAST_FRAGMENT = "02"
+  COMMAND_LAST_FRAGMENT = "03"
+
+  # Network communication PDU types:
+  PDU_ASSOCIATION_REQUEST = "01"
+  PDU_ASSOCIATION_ACCEPT = "02"
+  PDU_ASSOCIATION_REJECT = "03"
+  PDU_DATA = "04"
+  PDU_RELEASE_REQUEST = "05"
+  PDU_RELEASE_RESPONSE = "06"
+  PDU_ABORT = "07"
+
+  # Network communication item types:
+  ITEM_APPLICATION_CONTEXT = "10"
+  ITEM_PRESENTATION_CONTEXT_REQUEST = "20"
+  ITEM_PRESENTATION_CONTEXT_RESPONSE = "21"
+  ITEM_ABSTRACT_SYNTAX = "30"
+  ITEM_TRANSFER_SYNTAX = "40"
+  ITEM_USER_INFORMATION = "50"
+  ITEM_MAX_LENGTH = "51"
+  ITEM_IMPLEMENTATION_UID = "52"
+  ITEM_MAX_OPERATIONS_INVOKED = "53"
+  ITEM_ROLE_NEGOTIATION = "54"
+  ITEM_IMPLEMENTATION_VERSION = "55"
+
+  # Varaibles used to determine endianness.
+  x = 0xdeadbeef
+  endian_type = {
+    Array(x).pack("V*") => false, # Little
+    Array(x).pack("N*") => true   # Big
+  }
+  # System (CPU) Endianness.
+  CPU_ENDIAN = endian_type[Array(x).pack("L*")]
+
+  # Custom string used for (un)packing big endian signed short.
+  CUSTOM_SS = "k*"
+  # Custom string used for (un)packing big endian signed long.
+  CUSTOM_SL = "r*"
+
+  # ruby-dicom's library instance (data dictionary).
+  LIBRARY =  DICOM::DLibrary.new
+
+  # Transfer Syntaxes (taken from the DICOM Specification PS 3.5, Chapter 10).
+
+  # General
+  TXS_IMPLICIT_LITTLE_ENDIAN            = '1.2.840.10008.1.2'      # also defined as IMPLICIT_LITTLE_ENDIAN, default transfer syntax
+  TXS_EXPLICIT_LITTLE_ENDIAN            = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.1'    # also defined as EXPLICIT_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+  TXS_EXPLICIT_BIG_ENDIAN               = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.2'    # also defined as EXPLICIT_BIG_ENDIAN
+
+  # TRANSFER SYNTAXES FOR ENCAPSULATION OF ENCODED PIXEL DATA
+  TXS_JPEG_BASELINE                     = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.50'
+  TXS_JPEG_EXTENDED                     = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.51'
+  TXS_JPEG_LOSSLESS_NH                  = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.57' # NH: non-hirarchical
+  TXS_JPEG_LOSSLESS_NH_FOP              = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.70' # NH: non-hirarchical, FOP: first-order prediction
+
+  TXS_JPEG_LS_LOSSLESS                  = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.80'
+  TXS_JPEG_LS_NEAR_LOSSLESS             = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.81'
+
+  TXS_JPEG_2000_PART1_LOSSLESS          = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.90'
+  TXS_JPEG_2000_PART1_LOSSLESS_OR_LOSSY = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.91'
+  TXS_JPEG_2000_PART2_LOSSLESS          = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.92'
+  TXS_JPEG_2000_PART2_LOSSLESS_OR_LOSSY = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.93'
+
+  TXS_MPEG2_MP_ML                       = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.100'
+  TXS_MPEG2_MP_HL                       = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.101'
+
+  TXS_DEFLATED_LITTLE_ENDIAN            = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.1.99'  # ZIP Compression
+
+  TXS_JPIP                              = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.94'
+  TXS_JPIP_DEFLATE                      = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.95'
+
+  TXS_RLE                               = '1.2.840.10008.1.2.5'
+
+
+  # Photometric Interpretations
+  # Taken from DICOM Specification PS 3.3 C.7.6.3.1.2 Photometric Interpretation
+
+  PI_MONOCHROME1     = 'MONOCHROME1'
+  PI_MONOCHROME2     = 'MONOCHROME2'
+  PI_PALETTE_COLOR   = 'PALETTE COLOR'
+  PI_RGB             = 'RGB'
+  PI_YBR_FULL        = 'YBR_FULL'
+  PI_YBR_FULL_422    = 'YBR_FULL_422 '
+  PI_YBR_PARTIAL_422 = 'YBR_PARTIAL_422'
+  PI_YBR_PARTIAL_420 = 'YBR_PARTIAL_420'
+  PI_YBR_ICT         = 'YBR_ICT'
+  PI_YBR_RCT         = 'YBR_RCT'
+
+  # Retired Photometric Interpretations, are those needed to be supported?
+  PI_HSV             = 'HSV'
+  PI_ARGB            = 'ARGB'
+  PI_CMYK            = 'CMYK'
+
+  # The relationship between DICOM Character Set and Encoding name.
+  ENCODING_NAME = {
+    'ISO_IR 100' => 'ISO-8859-1',
+    'ISO_IR 101' => 'ISO-8859-2',
+    'ISO_IR 109' => 'ISO-8859-3',
+    'ISO_IR 110' => 'ISO-8859-4',
+    'ISO_IR 144' => 'ISO-8859-5',
+    'ISO_IR 127' => 'ISO-8859-6',
+    'ISO_IR 126' => 'ISO-8859-7',
+    'ISO_IR 138' => 'ISO-8859-8',
+    'ISO_IR 148' => 'ISO-8859-9',
+    'ISO_IR 13'  => 'JIS_X0201',
+    'ISO_IR 166' => 'ISO-8859-11',
+    'GB18030'    => 'GB18030',
+    'ISO_IR 192' => 'UTF-8'
+  }
+
+  # The type conversion (method) used for the various value representations.
+  VALUE_CONVERSION = {
+        'BY' => :to_i,
+        'US' => :to_i,
+        'SS' => :to_i,
+        'UL' => :to_i,
+        'SL' => :to_i,
+        'OB' => :to_i,
+        'OW' => :to_i,
+        'OF' => :to_f,
+        'FL' => :to_f,
+        'FD' => :to_f,
+        'AT' => :to_s,
+        'AE' => :to_s,
+        'AS' => :to_s,
+        'CS' => :to_s,
+        'DA' => :to_s,
+        'DS' => :to_s,
+        'DT' => :to_s,
+        'IS' => :to_s,
+        'LO' => :to_s,
+        'LT' => :to_s,
+        'PN' => :to_s,
+        'SH' => :to_s,
+        'ST' => :to_s,
+        'TM' => :to_s,
+        'UI' => :to_s,
+        'UT' => :to_s
+      }
+
+end
+