dicom 0.1

data/lib/DRead.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,1204 @@
+module DICOM
+  # Class for reading the data from a DICOM file:
+  class DRead
+
+    # Initialize the DRead instance.
+    def initialize(file_name)
+      # Variables that hold data that will be returned to the person/procedure using this class:
+      # Arrays that will hold information from the DICOM file:
+      @names = Array.new()
+      @labels = Array.new()
+      @types = Array.new()
+      @lengths = Array.new()
+      @values = Array.new()
+      @raw = Array.new()
+      # Explicitness (explicit (true) by default):
+      @explicit = true
+      # Explicitness of the remaining groups after the first group:
+      @rest_explicit = true
+      # Variable to keep track of whether the current sequence being read have length specified or not:
+      @sq_length = false
+      # Variable to keep track of whether the image pixel data in this file are compressed or not, and if it exists at all:
+      @compression = false
+      # Pixel data is color or greyscale?
+      @color = false
+      # Default endianness of start of DICOM files is little endian:
+      @file_endian=false
+      
+      # Variables used internally when reading the dicom file:
+      # If tag does not exist in the library it is unknown:
+      @unknown = false
+      # Does the particular tag contain any information?
+      @content = true
+      # Check endianness of the system (false if little endian):
+      @sys_endian=check_sys_endian()
+      # Endianness of the remaining groups after the first group:
+      @rest_endian=false
+      # Use a "relationship endian" variable to guide reading of file (true if they are equal):
+      if @sys_endian == @file_endian
+        @endian = true
+      else
+        @endian = false
+      end
+
+      # Open file for binary reading:
+      @file = File.new(file_name, "rb")
+
+      # Establish relationship between tag adress and name:
+      load_library()
+
+      # Read the initial header of the file:
+      header=check_header()
+      if header == false
+        @file.close()
+        @file = File.new(file_name, "rb")
+      end
+
+      # Initiate the process to read tags:
+      tag = true
+      temp_check=true
+      while tag != false and temp_check== true do
+        tag=process_tag()
+        # Store the tag information in arrays:
+        if tag != false and @content == true
+          @names+=[tag[0]]
+          @labels+=[tag[1]]
+          @types+=[tag[2]]
+          @lengths+=[tag[3]]
+          @values+=[tag[4]]
+          @raw+=[tag[5]]
+        end
+      end
+      # Check the status of the pixel data:
+      check_pixel_status()
+      # Index of last element in tag arrays:
+      @lastIndex=@names.length-1
+      # Close the file as we are finished reading it:
+      @file.close()
+    end
+
+
+    # Returns the relevant information gathered from the read dicom procedure.
+    def return_data()
+      return [@names,@labels,@types,@lengths,@values,@raw,@compression,@color,@explicit, @file_endian]
+    end
+
+
+    # Checks the initial header of the DICOM file.
+    def check_header()
+      # According to the official DICOM standard, a DICOM file shall contain 128
+      # consequtive zero bytes followed by 4 bytes that spell the string 'DICM'.
+      # Apparently, some providers seems to skip this in their DICOM files.
+      # First 128 bytes should be zeroes:
+      bin1=@file.read(128)
+      str_header1=bin1.unpack('a' * 128).to_s
+      # Next 4 bytes should spell 'DICM':
+      bin2=@file.read(4)
+      str_header2=bin2.unpack('a' * 4).to_s
+      # If we dont have this expected header, we will still try to read it is a DICOM file.
+      if str_header2 != 'DICM' then
+        puts "Warning: The specified file does not contain the official DICOM header."
+        puts "Will try to read the file anyway, as some sources are known to skip the formal DICOM header."
+        # Some DICOM files skips group 2, which defines the structure of the DICOM file.
+        # This has only been observed in files that also skips the above part of the DICOM header.
+        # Check for skipped group 0002:
+        group_label=bin1.unpack('h4').to_s.reverse.upcase
+        if (group_label.include? "2")
+          #Assume the file starts with a group 0002 tag, as "normal".
+          # Assume a default transfer syntax: Implicit, Little Endian.
+          @explicit = false
+          @rest_explicit = false
+          @file_endian = false
+          @rest_endian = false
+          @compression = false
+        else
+          # Assume a default transfer syntax: Implicit, Little Endian.
+          # (Turns out I use the same settings as above, which makes this somewhat silly, but I'll leave it like this for now in case of any changes later)
+          @explicit = false
+          @rest_explicit = false
+          @file_endian = false
+          @rest_endian = false
+          @compression = false
+          puts "Warning: Group '0002' Transfer Syntax does not exist. Assuming Implicit, Little Endian."
+        end
+        return false
+      else
+        return true
+      end
+    end
+
+
+    # Checks the status of the pixel data that has been read from the DICOM file: whether it exists at all and if its greyscale or color.
+    # Modifies instance variable @color if color image is detected and instance variable @compression if no pixel data is detected.
+    def check_pixel_status()
+      # Check if pixel data is present:
+      pixel_pos = @labels.index("7FE0.0010")
+      if pixel_pos == nil
+        @compression = nil
+        return
+      end
+      # Check for color image:
+      col_string = get_value("0028.0004")
+      if col_string != false
+        if (col_string.include? "RGB") or (col_string.include? "COLOR") or (col_string.include? "COLOUR")
+          @color = true
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+
+    # Governs the process of reading tags in the DICOM file.
+    def process_tag()
+      #STEP 1:
+      # Read the tag label, but do stop reading if indicated by this method.
+      @content = true
+      res=read_label()
+      if res == false
+        return false
+      end
+      if @content == false
+        return
+      end
+      # As we have a valid tag, extract the two pieces of information:
+      label=res[0]
+      pos=res[1]
+      # STEP 2:
+      # Continue reading the tag information: Byte type and length.
+      res=read_type_length(pos,label)
+      type=res[0]
+      length=res[1]
+      # For sequence type tag, check if the tag have length specified:
+      if type == "SQ"
+        if length == "UNDEFINED" or length.to_i == 0
+          @sq_length = false
+        else
+          @sq_length = true
+        end
+      end
+      # If length is undefined, do not continue to read tag data:
+      if length == "UNDEFINED"
+        if label == "7FE0.0010"
+          data = "(Encapsulated pixel data)"
+          name = "Encapsulated image"
+        else
+          data = "(Encapsulated data)"
+          name = "Encapsulated information"
+        end
+        return [name,label,type,length,data]
+      end
+      # Item related tags:
+      if type == "()"
+        # Get name ("Item"):
+        name = get_name(pos)
+        # If length is zero, just return:
+        if length == 0
+          type = ""
+          data = nil
+          return [name,label,type,length,data]
+        else
+          # If there is content, this may, in the case of an image, be the image data.
+          # Must insert the image's type here.
+          # Some times when this tag has a length, it does not have content in itself, but instead
+          # have content in a number of subtags.
+          if @sq_length == true
+            # Do nothing (keep the type as "()")
+          else
+            # Treat the item as containing image data:
+            type = "OW" # A more general approach should be implemented here.
+          end
+        end
+      end
+      # STEP 3:
+      # Finally read the tag data.
+      if @content == true
+        res=read_data(type,length,pos)
+        value = res[0]
+        raw = res[1]
+        name=get_name(pos)
+        # Check for the Transfer Syntax UID tag, and process it:
+        if label == "0002.0010"
+          process_syntax(value)
+        end
+        return [name,label,type,length,value,raw]
+      end
+    end
+    # END READ TAG
+
+
+    # Reads and returns TAG LABEL (4 first bytes of tag).
+    def read_label()
+      bin1=@file.read(2)
+      bin2=@file.read(2)
+      # Check if we have reached end of file before proceeding:
+      if bin1 == nil
+        return false
+      end
+      label1=bin1.unpack('h*').to_s.reverse.upcase
+      label2=bin2.unpack('h*').to_s.reverse.upcase
+      # Special treatment of tags that are of the first "0002" group:
+      if @sys_endian
+        # Rearrange the numbers:
+        label1 = label1[2..3]+label1[0..1]
+        label2 = label2[2..3]+label2[0..1]
+        # Has this been verified? Suspect unintended consequence.
+      end
+      # Process the label, by considering the endian-ness relationship, if are past the initial "0002" group:
+      if label1 != "0002"
+        # As we are past the initial little endian part of the file, update the file properties:
+        @file_endian = @rest_endian
+        @explicit = @rest_explicit
+        #Update the endian-relationship variable:
+        if @sys_endian == @file_endian
+          @endian = true
+        else
+          @endian = false
+        end
+        # Do we need to rearrange?
+        if @endian
+          # No action needed
+        else
+          # Need to rearrange the first and second part of each string:
+          label1 = label1[2..3]+label1[0..1]
+          label2 = label2[2..3]+label2[0..1]
+        end
+      end
+      # Join the label group and label element together to the final string:
+      label=label1+'.'+label2
+      # Find the position of this label in the array of library labels:
+      pos=@lib_labels.index(label)
+      # If no match found, this is an unknown header type. Inform the user:
+      if pos == nil
+        @unknown = true
+        # For identifying additions needed in the library:
+        #puts "Unknown header element: "+label
+      else
+        @unknown = false
+      end
+      # Return the label as well as the position of this label in the library:
+      return [label,pos]
+    end
+    # END TAG LABEL
+
+
+    # Reads and returns TAG TYPE (2 bytes) and TAG LENGTH (Varying length).
+    def read_type_length(pos,label)
+      # Structure will differ, dependent on whether we have explicit or implicit type of file:
+      # Explicit:
+      if @explicit == true
+        # Unfortunately, it seems we need to have a special case for item labels in the explicit scenario:
+        if label == "FFFE.E000" or label == "FFFE.E00D" or label == "FFFE.E0DD"
+          # For the item related tag, get the special type from library, then read the 4 byte length:
+          type = @lib_types[pos]
+          bin=@file.read(4)
+          length = get_SL(bin)
+        else
+          # Read tag type field (2 bytes), as long as we are not dealing with an item related tag:
+          bin=@file.read(2)
+          type=bin.unpack('a*').to_s
+        end
+        # Two (three) possible structures for value length here, dependent on tag type:
+        case type
+        when "OB","OW","SQ","UN"
+          # Two empty bytes should occur here, according to the standard:
+          bin=@file.read(2)
+          #length=bin.unpack('S*')[0]
+          # However, it may occur (??) that the length appears in this slot, and subsequently,
+          # the following 4 byte slot is not utilized:
+          #if length != 0
+          # Read value length (4 bytes):
+          bin=@file.read(4)
+          length=get_SL(bin)
+          #end
+        when "()"
+          #An empty entry for the item related tags (As it has already been processed).
+          # Do nothing.
+        # For all the other tag types:
+        else
+          # Read value length (2 bytes):
+          bin=@file.read(2)
+          length=get_US(bin)
+        end
+      else
+        #Implicit:
+        # If it is unknown, use the identifier "UN":
+        if pos == nil
+          type = "UN"
+        else
+          # Tag type is not specified in the file, try to retrieve it from the library:
+          type = @lib_types[pos]
+        end
+        # Read value length (4 bytes):
+        bin=@file.read(4)
+        length = get_SL(bin)
+      end
+      # For encapsulated data, the tag length will not be defined. To convey this,
+      # the hex sequence 'ff ff ff ff' is used (-1 converted to signed long).
+      if length == -1
+        length = "UNDEFINED"
+      elsif length%2 >0
+        # According to the DICOM standard, all tag lengths should be an even number.
+        # If it is not, there has probably been an error in the readout:
+        puts "Warning: Odd number of bytes occured. This is a violation of the DICOM standard."
+      end
+      return [type,length]
+    end
+    # END BYTE TYPE and TAG LENGTH
+
+
+    # Reads and returns TAG DATA (Varying length - determined at an earlier stage).
+    def read_data(type, length, pos)
+      # Treatment dependent on what type of information we are dealing with.
+      case type
+
+      # Normally these numbers tags will contain just one number, but in some cases,
+      # they contain multiple numbers. In such cases we will read each number and store
+      # them all in a string separated by "/".
+      # Unsigned long: (4 bytes)
+      when "UL"
+        if length <= 4
+          bin = @file.read(length)
+          data = get_UL(bin)
+        else
+          data = process_numbers(length, type, 4)
+        end
+
+      # Signed long: (4 bytes)
+      when "SL"
+        if length <= 4
+          bin = @file.read(length)
+          data = get_SL(bin)
+        else
+          data = process_numbers(length, type, 4)
+        end
+
+      # Unsigned short: (2 bytes)
+      when 'US'
+        if length <= 2
+          bin = @file.read(length)
+          data = get_US(bin)
+        else
+          data = process_numbers(length, type, 2)
+        end
+
+      # Signed short: (2 bytes)
+      when 'SS'
+        if length <= 2
+          bin = @file.read(length)
+          data = get_SS(bin)
+        else
+          data = process_numbers(length, type, 2)
+        end
+
+      # Floating point double: (8 bytes)
+      when "FD"
+        if length <= 8
+          bin = @file.read(length)
+          data = get_FD(bin)
+        else
+          data = process_numbers(length, type, 8)
+        end
+
+      # Unknown information, header element is not recognised from local database:
+      when 'UN'
+        bin=@file.read(length)
+        data=bin.unpack('H*')[0]
+
+      # A tag that contains items/elements (sequence of elements):
+      when 'SQ'
+        # The tag has no content in itself, the file starts directly on a new tag adress.
+        data="(sequence of elements)"
+
+      # Item tag:
+      when '()'
+        # Tag may have a length, but no content belonging to this tag itself. They are to be read
+        # for this item's subtags.
+        data = "(Sequence of tags)"
+
+      # The tag contains a tag adress (4 bytes):
+      when 'AT'
+        if length != 4
+          puts "warning: Unexpected tag length, expected 4 bytes for tag type 'AT'!"
+        end
+        temp=Array.new(4)
+        4.times do |i|
+          bin=@file.read(1)
+          temp[i]=bin.unpack('H*')[0]
+        end
+        # Put together, mix up the order to get it correct:
+        data=temp[1].to_s+temp[0].to_s+"."+temp[3].to_s+temp[2].to_s
+        # This has not been tested with other than Little endian system/file:
+        if @file_endian or @system_endian
+          puts "Warning: Handling for tag type 'AT' has not been verified for other than default endianness."
+        end
+
+      # Binary data, used sometimes when we have encapsulated images:
+      when 'OB'
+        bin=@file.read(length)
+        data=bin.unpack('H*')[0]
+
+      # Image data:
+      when 'OW'
+        # We need to know what kind of bith depth the pixel data is saved with:
+        bit_depth=get_value('0028.0100')
+        # Proceed to read the image binary data:
+        bin=@file.read(length)
+        # Number of bytes used per pixel will determine how to unpack this:
+        case bit_depth
+        when 8
+          data=get_BYTE(bin) # Byte/Character/Fixnum (1 byte)
+        when 16
+          data=get_US(bin) # Unsigned short (2 bytes)
+        when 12
+          # 12 BIT SIMPLY NOT WORKING YET!
+          # This one is a bit more tricky to extract.
+          # Unknown if really working.
+          puts "Warning: Bit depth 12 is not working correctly at this time!"
+          data=Array.new(length)
+          (length).times do |i|
+            hex=bin.unpack('H3')
+            hex4="0"+hex[0]
+            num=hex[0].unpack('v')
+            data[i]=num
+          end
+        else
+          raise "Bit depth "+bit_depth.to_s+" has not received implementation in this procedure yet."
+        end
+
+      # For everything else, assume string type information:
+      when 'AE','AS','CS','DA','DS','IS','LO','LT','PN','SH','ST','TM','UI','VR'
+        bin=@file.read(length)
+        data=bin.unpack('a*').to_s
+      else
+        puts "Warning: Tag type "+type+" does not have a reading method assigned to it. Please update the source code."
+        bin=@file.read(length)
+        data=bin.unpack('H*')[0]
+      end
+      return [data,bin]
+    end
+    # END TAG DATA
+
+
+    # Returns tag name from library if tag is recognised, else returns 'Unknown Name'.
+    def get_name(pos)
+      if not @unknown
+        str_name=@lib_names[pos]
+      else
+        str_name='Unknown Name'
+      end
+      return str_name
+    end
+
+
+    # Returns the (processed) value of a DICOM tag based on an input tag label, category name or array index.
+    def get_value(id)
+      # Assume we have been fed a tag label:
+      pos=@labels.index(id)
+      # If this does not give a hit, assume we have been fed a tag name:
+      if pos==nil
+        pos=@names.index(id)
+      end
+      # If we still dont have a hit, check if it is a valid number within the array range:
+      if pos == nil 
+        if (id.is_a? Integer)
+          if id >= 0 and id <= @lastIndex
+            # The id supplied is a valid position, return its corresponding value:
+            return @values[id]
+          else
+            return false
+          end
+        else
+          return false
+        end
+      else
+        # We have a valid position, return the value:
+        return @values[pos]
+      end
+    end
+
+
+    # Loads the library which links tag label with tag name and tag type.
+    # (Note that this library is not complete, it is based on information from the DICOM files I have available.)
+    # (TNV means type not verified with external source for the particular tag that these letters appear behind)
+    def load_library()
+      a=Array.new()
+      b=Array.new()
+      c=Array.new()
+      a+=['0002.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0002.0001'] and b+=['OB'] and c+=['File Meta Information']
+      a+=['0002.0002'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['Media Storage SOP Class UID']
+      a+=['0002.0003'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['Media Storage SOP Instance UID']
+      a+=['0002.0010'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['Transfer Syntax UID']
+      a+=['0002.0012'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['Implementation Class UID']
+      a+=['0002.0013'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Implementation Version Name']
+      a+=['0002.0016'] and b+=['AE'] and c+=['Source Application Entity Title']
+      a+=['0008.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0008.0005'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Specific Character Set']
+      a+=['0008.0008'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Image Type']
+      a+=['0008.0010'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Recognition Code'] #TNV
+      a+=['0008.0012'] and b+=['DA'] and c+=['Instance Creation Date']
+      a+=['0008.0013'] and b+=['TM'] and c+=['Instance Creation Time']
+      a+=['0008.0014'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['Instance Creator UID']
+      a+=['0008.0016'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['SOP Class UID']
+      a+=['0008.0018'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['SOP Instance UID']
+      a+=['0008.0020'] and b+=['DA'] and c+=['Study Date']
+      a+=['0008.0021'] and b+=['DA'] and c+=['Series Date']
+      a+=['0008.0022'] and b+=['DA'] and c+=['Acquisition Date']
+      a+=['0008.0023'] and b+=['DA'] and c+=['Image Date']
+      a+=['0008.0030'] and b+=['TM'] and c+=['Study Time']
+      a+=['0008.0031'] and b+=['TM'] and c+=['Series Time']
+      a+=['0008.0032'] and b+=['TM'] and c+=['Acquisition Time']
+      a+=['0008.0033'] and b+=['TM'] and c+=['Image Time']
+      a+=['0008.0040'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Data Set Type'] #TNV
+      a+=['0008.0041'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Data Set Subtype'] #TNV
+      a+=['0008.0050'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Accession Number']
+      a+=['0008.0060'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Modality']
+      a+=['0008.0064'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Conversion Type']
+      a+=['0008.0070'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Manufacturer']
+      a+=['0008.0080'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Institution Name']
+      a+=['0008.0081'] and b+=['ST'] and c+=['Institution Address']
+      a+=['0008.0090'] and b+=['PN'] and c+=['Referring Physician`s name']
+      a+=['0008.0201'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Timezone Offset From UTC']
+      a+=['0008.1010'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Station Name']
+      a+=['0008.1030'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Study Description']
+      a+=['0008.103E'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Series Description']
+      a+=['0008.1040'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Institutional Department Name']
+      a+=['0008.1050'] and b+=['PN'] and c+=['Performing Physician`s Name']
+      a+=['0008.1060'] and b+=['PN'] and c+=['Name of Physician(s) Reading Study']
+      a+=['0008.1070'] and b+=['PN'] and c+=['Operator`s name']
+      a+=['0008.1080'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Admitting Diagnoses Description']
+      a+=['0008.1090'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Manufacturer`s Model Name']
+      a+=['0008.1140'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Referenced Image Sequence']
+      a+=['0008.1150'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['Referenced SOP Class UID']
+      a+=['0008.1155'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['Referenced SOP Instance UID']
+      a+=['0008.2120'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Stage Name']
+      a+=['0008.2122'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Stage Number']
+      a+=['0008.2124'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Number of Stages']
+      a+=['0008.2128'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['View Number']
+      a+=['0008.212A'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Number of Views in Stage']
+      a+=['0008.2204'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Transducer Orientation']
+      a+=['0009.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0010.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0010.0010'] and b+=['PN'] and c+=['Patient`s Name']
+      a+=['0010.0020'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Patient ID']
+      a+=['0010.0030'] and b+=['DA'] and c+=['Patient`s Birth Date']
+      a+=['0010.0040'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Patient`s Sex']
+      a+=['0010.1000'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Other Patient IDs']
+      a+=['0010.1005'] and b+=['PN'] and c+=['Patient`s Birth Name']
+      a+=['0010.1010'] and b+=['AS'] and c+=['Patient`s Age']
+      a+=['0010.1020'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Patient`s Size']
+      a+=['0010.1030'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Patient`s Weight']
+      a+=['0010.2160'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Ethnic Group']
+      a+=['0010.21B0'] and b+=['LT'] and c+=['Additional Patient History']
+      a+=['0010.4000'] and b+=['LT'] and c+=['Patient Comments']
+      a+=['0018.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0018.0010'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Contrast/Bolus Agent']
+      a+=['0018.0015'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Body Part Examined']
+      a+=['0018.0020'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Scanning Sequence']
+      a+=['0018.0021'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Sequence Variant']
+      a+=['0018.0022'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Scan Options']
+      a+=['0018.0023'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['MR Acquisition Type']
+      a+=['0018.0024'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Sequence Name']
+      a+=['0018.0025'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Angio Flag']
+      a+=['0018.0050'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Slice Thickness']
+      a+=['0018.0060'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['KVP']
+      a+=['0018.0070'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Counts Accumulated']
+      a+=['0018.0071'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Acquisition Termination Condition']
+      a+=['0018.0080'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Repetition Time']
+      a+=['0018.0081'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Echo Time']
+      a+=['0018.0082'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Inversion Time']
+      a+=['0018.0083'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Number of Averages']
+      a+=['0018.0084'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Imaging Frequency']
+      a+=['0018.0085'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Imaged Nucleus']
+      a+=['0018.0086'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Echo Number(s)']
+      a+=['0018.0087'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Magnetic Field Strength']
+      a+=['0018.0088'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Spacing Between Slices']
+      a+=['0018.0089'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Number of Phase Encoding Steps']
+      a+=['0018.0090'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Data Collection Diameter']
+      a+=['0018.0091'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Echo Train Length']
+      a+=['0018.0093'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Percent Sampling']
+      a+=['0018.0094'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Percent Phase Field of View']
+      a+=['0018.0095'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Pixel Bandwidth']
+      a+=['0018.1000'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Device Serial Number']
+      a+=['0018.1004'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Plate ID']
+      a+=['0018.1010'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Secondary Capture Device ID']
+      a+=['0018.1012'] and b+=['DA'] and c+=['Date of Secondary Capture']
+      a+=['0018.1014'] and b+=['TM'] and c+=['Time of Secondary Capture']
+      a+=['0018.1018'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Secondary Capture Device Manufacturer`s Model Name']
+      a+=['0018.1019'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Secondary Capture Device Software Version(s)']
+      a+=['0018.1020'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Software Version(s)']
+      a+=['0018.1030'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Protocol Name']
+      a+=['0018.1041'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Contrast/Bolus Volume']
+      a+=['0018.1044'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Contrast/Bolus Total Dose']
+      a+=['0018.1050'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Spatial Resolution']
+      a+=['0018.1062'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Nominal Interval']
+      a+=['0018.1063'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Frame Time']
+      a+=['0018.1081'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Low R-R Value']
+      a+=['0018.1082'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['High R-R Value']
+      a+=['0018.1083'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Intervals Acquired']
+      a+=['0018.1084'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Intervals Rejected']
+      a+=['0018.1088'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Heart Rate']
+      a+=['0018.1090'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Cardiac Number of Images']
+      a+=['0018.1094'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Trigger Window']
+      a+=['0018.1100'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Reconstruction Diameter']
+      a+=['0018.1110'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Distance Source to Detector']
+      a+=['0018.1111'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Distance Source to Patient']
+      a+=['0018.1120'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Gantry/Detector Tilt']
+      a+=['0018.1130'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Table Height']
+      a+=['0018.1140'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Rotation Direction']
+      a+=['0018.1149'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Field of View Dimension(s)']
+      a+=['0018.1150'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Exposure Time']
+      a+=['0018.1151'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['X-ray Tube Current']
+      a+=['0018.1152'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Exposure']
+      a+=['0018.1155'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Radiation Setting']
+      a+=['0018.1160'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Filter Type']
+      a+=['0018.1164'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Image Pixel Spacing']
+      a+=['0018.1170'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Generator Power']
+      a+=['0018.1190'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Focal Spot(s)']
+      a+=['0018.1200'] and b+=['DA'] and c+=['Date of Last Calibration']
+      a+=['0018.1201'] and b+=['TM'] and c+=['Time of Last Calibration']
+      a+=['0018.1210'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Convolution Kernel']
+      a+=['0018.1250'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Receiving Coil']
+      a+=['0018.1251'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Transmitting Coil']
+      a+=['0018.1260'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Plate Type']
+      a+=['0018.1261'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Phosphor Type']
+      a+=['0018.1310'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Acquisition Matrix']
+      a+=['0018.1312'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Phase Encoding Direction']
+      a+=['0018.1314'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Flip Angle']
+      a+=['0018.1315'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Variable Flip Angle Flag']
+      a+=['0018.1316'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['SAR']
+      a+=['0018.1318'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['dB/dt']
+      a+=['0018.1400'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Acquisition Device Processing Description']
+      a+=['0018.1401'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Acquisition Device Processing Code']
+      a+=['0018.1402'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Cassette Orientation']
+      a+=['0018.1403'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Cassette Size']
+      a+=['0018.1404'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Exposures on Plate']
+      a+=['0018.1500'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Positioner Motion']
+      a+=['0018.1510'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Positioner Primary Angle']
+      a+=['0018.1511'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Positioner Secondary Angle']
+      a+=['0018.5020'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Processing Function']
+      a+=['0018.5100'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Patient Position']
+      a+=['0018.5101'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['View Position']
+      a+=['0018.6000'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Sensitivity']
+      a+=['0019.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0020.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0020.000D'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['Study Instance UID']
+      a+=['0020.000E'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['Series Instance UID']
+      a+=['0020.0010'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Study ID']
+      a+=['0020.0011'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Series Number']
+      a+=['0020.0012'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Acquisition Number']
+      a+=['0020.0013'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Instance Number']
+      a+=['0020.0020'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Patient Orientation']
+      a+=['0020.0030'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Image Position'] #TNV
+      a+=['0020.0035'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Image Orientation'] #TNV
+      a+=['0020.0032'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Image Position (Patient)']
+      a+=['0020.0037'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Image Orientation (Patient)']
+      a+=['0020.0050'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Location'] #TNV
+      a+=['0020.0052'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['Frame of Reference UID']
+      a+=['0020.0060'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Laterality']
+      a+=['0020.0070'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Image Geometry Type'] #TNV
+      a+=['0020.1001'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Acquisitions in Series'] #TNV
+      a+=['0020.1002'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Images in Acquisition']
+      a+=['0020.1020'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Reference'] #TNV
+      a+=['0020.1040'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Position Reference Indicator']
+      a+=['0020.1041'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Slice Location']
+      a+=['0020.4000'] and b+=['LT'] and c+=['Image Comments']
+      a+=['0020.5000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Original Image Identification'] #TNV
+      a+=['0020.5002'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Original Image Identification Nomenclature'] #TNV
+      a+=['0021.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0023.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0027.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0028.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0028.0002'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Samples per Pixel']
+      a+=['0028.0004'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Photometric Interpretation']
+      a+=['0028.0006'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Planar Configuration']
+      a+=['0028.0005'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Image Dimensions'] #TNV
+      a+=['0028.0008'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Number of Frames']
+      a+=['0028.0009'] and b+=['AT'] and c+=['Frame Increment Pointer']
+      a+=['0028.0010'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Rows']
+      a+=['0028.0011'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Columns']
+      a+=['0028.0030'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Pixel Spacing']
+      a+=['0028.0034'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Pixel Aspect Ratio']
+      a+=['0028.0040'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Image Format'] #TNV
+      a+=['0028.0060'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Compression Code'] #TNV
+      a+=['0028.0100'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Bits Allocated']
+      a+=['0028.0101'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Bits Stored']
+      a+=['0028.0102'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['High Bit']
+      a+=['0028.0103'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Pixel Representation']
+      a+=['0028.0104'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Smallest Valid Pixel Value'] #TNV
+      a+=['0028.0105'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Largest Valid Pixel Value'] #TNV
+      a+=['0028.0106'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Smallest Image Pixel Value'] # 'SS' also possible
+      a+=['0028.0107'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Largest Image Pixel Value'] # 'SS' also possible
+      a+=['0028.0108'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Smallest Pixel Value in Series']
+      a+=['0028.0109'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Largest Pixel Value in Series']
+      a+=['0028.0120'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Pixel Padding Value'] # 'SS' also possible
+      a+=['0028.0200'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Image Location'] #TNV
+      a+=['0028.0300'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Quality Control Image']
+      a+=['0028.0301'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Burned In Annotation']
+      a+=['0028.1040'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Pixel Intensity Relationship']
+      a+=['0028.1050'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Window Center']
+      a+=['0028.1051'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Window Width']
+      a+=['0028.1052'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Rescale Intercept']
+      a+=['0028.1053'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Rescale Slope']
+      a+=['0028.1054'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Rescale Type']
+      a+=['0028.1055'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Window Center & Width Explanation']
+      a+=['0028.1101'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Red Palette Color Lookup Table Descriptor']
+      a+=['0028.1102'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Green Palette Color Lookup Table Descriptor']
+      a+=['0028.1103'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Blue Palette Color Lookup Table Descriptor']
+      a+=['0028.1199'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['Palette Color Lookup Table UID']
+      a+=['0028.1201'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Red Palette Color Lookup Table Data']
+      a+=['0028.1202'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Green Palette Color Lookup Table Data']
+      a+=['0028.1203'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Blue Palette Color Lookup Table Data']
+      a+=['0028.2110'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Lossy Image Compression']
+      a+=['0028.3003'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['LUT Explanation']
+      a+=['0029.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0032.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0032.1060'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Requested Procedure Description']
+      a+=['0040.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0040.0244'] and b+=['DA'] and c+=['Performed Procedure Step Start Date']
+      a+=['0040.0245'] and b+=['TM'] and c+=['Performed Procedure Step Start Time']
+      a+=['0040.0253'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Performed Procedure Step ID']
+      a+=['0040.0254'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Performed Procedure Step Description']
+      a+=['0043.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0045.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0051.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0054.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0054.0011'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Number of Energy Windows']
+      a+=['0054.0021'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Number of Detectors']
+      a+=['0054.0051'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Number of Rotations']
+      a+=['0054.0080'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Slice Vector']
+      a+=['0054.0081'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Number of Slices']
+      a+=['0054.0202'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Type of Detector Motion']
+      a+=['0054.0400'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Image ID']
+      a+=['0088.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['0088.0140'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['Storage Media File-set UID']
+      a+=['0088.0200'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Icon Image Sequence']
+      a+=['2010.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['2010.0100'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Border Density']
+      a+=['2020.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['2020.0020'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Polarity']
+      a+=['3002.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['3002.0002'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['RT Image Label']
+      a+=['3002.0003'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['RT Image Name']
+      a+=['3002.0004'] and b+=['ST'] and c+=['RT Image Description']
+      a+=['3002.000A'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Reported Values Origin']
+      a+=['3002.000C'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['RT Image Plane']
+      a+=['3002.000D'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['X-Ray Image Receptor Translation']
+      a+=['3002.000E'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['X-Ray Image Receptor Angle']
+      a+=['3002.0011'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Image Plane Pixel Spacing']
+      a+=['3002.0012'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['RT Image Position']
+      a+=['3002.0020'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Radiation Machine Name']
+      a+=['3002.0022'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Radiation Machine SAD']
+      a+=['3002.0026'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['RT Image SID']
+      a+=['3002.0030'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Exposure Sequence']
+      a+=['3002.0032'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Meterset Exposure']
+      a+=['3002.0034'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Diaphragm Position']
+      a+=['3004.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['3004.0002'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Dose Units']
+      a+=['3004.0004'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Dose Type']
+      a+=['3004.0006'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Dose Comment']
+      a+=['3004.000A'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Dose Summation Type']
+      a+=['3004.000C'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Grid Frame Offset Vector']
+      a+=['3004.000E'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Dose Grid Scaling']
+      a+=['3004.0010'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['RT Dose ROI Sequence']
+      a+=['3004.0012'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Dose Value']
+      a+=['3005.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['3006.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['3006.0002'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Structure Set Label']
+      a+=['3006.0004'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Structure Set Name']
+      a+=['3006.0008'] and b+=['DA'] and c+=['Structure Set Date']
+      a+=['3006.0009'] and b+=['TM'] and c+=['Structure Set Time']
+      a+=['3006.0010'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Referenced Frame of Reference Sequence']
+      a+=['3006.0012'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['RT Referenced Study Sequence']
+      a+=['3006.0014'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['RT Referenced Series Sequence']
+      a+=['3006.0020'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Structure Set ROI Sequence']
+      a+=['3006.0022'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['ROI Number']
+      a+=['3006.0024'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['Referenced Frame of Reference UID']
+      a+=['3006.0026'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['ROI Name']
+      a+=['3006.002A'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['ROI Display Color']
+      a+=['3006.0016'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Contour Image Sequence']
+      a+=['3006.0036'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['ROI Generation Algorithm']
+      a+=['3006.0039'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['ROI Contour Sequence']
+      a+=['3006.0040'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Contour Sequence']
+      a+=['3006.0042'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Contour Geometric Type']
+      a+=['3006.0046'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Number of Contour Points']
+      a+=['3006.0048'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Contour Number']
+      a+=['3006.0050'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Contour Data']
+      a+=['3006.0080'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['RT ROI Observations Sequence']
+      a+=['3006.0082'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Observation Number']
+      a+=['3006.0084'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Referenced ROI Number']
+      a+=['3006.00A4'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['RT ROI Interpreted Type']
+      a+=['3006.00A6'] and b+=['PN'] and c+=['ROI Interpreter']
+      a+=['3006.00C0'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Frame of Reference Relationship Sequence']
+      a+=['3006.00C2'] and b+=['UI'] and c+=['Related Frame of Reference UID']
+      a+=['3006.00C4'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Frame of Reference Transformation Type']
+      a+=['3006.00C6'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Frame of Reference Transformation Matrix']
+      a+=['3006.00C8'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Frame of Reference Transformation Comment']
+      a+=['3007.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['300A.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['300A.0002'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['RT Plan Label']
+      a+=['300A.0003'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['RT Plan Name']
+      a+=['300A.0004'] and b+=['ST'] and c+=['RT Plan Description']
+      a+=['300A.0006'] and b+=['DA'] and c+=['RT Plan Date']
+      a+=['300A.0007'] and b+=['TM'] and c+=['RT Plan Time']
+      a+=['300A.000C'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['RT Plan Geometry']
+      a+=['300A.0070'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Fraction Group Sequence']
+      a+=['300A.0071'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Fraction Group Number']
+      a+=['300A.0078'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Number of Fractions Planned']
+      a+=['300A.0080'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Number of Beams']
+      a+=['300A.0086'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Beam Meterset']
+      a+=['300A.00A0'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Number of Brachy Application Setups']
+      a+=['300A.00B0'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Beam Sequence']
+      a+=['300A.00B2'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Treatment Machine Name']
+      a+=['300A.00B3'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Primary Dosimeter Unit']
+      a+=['300A.00B4'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Source-Axis Distance']
+      a+=['300A.00B6'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Beam Limiting Device Sequence']
+      a+=['300A.00B8'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['RT Beam Limiting Device Type']
+      a+=['300A.00BC'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Number of Leaf/Jaw Pairs']
+      a+=['300A.00BE'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Leaf Position Boundaries']
+      a+=['300A.00C0'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Beam Number']
+      a+=['300A.00C2'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Beam Name']
+      a+=['300A.00C3'] and b+=['ST'] and c+=['Beam Description']
+      a+=['300A.00C4'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Beam Type']
+      a+=['300A.00C6'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Radiation Type']
+      a+=['300A.00C8'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Reference Image Number']
+      a+=['300A.00CE'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Treatment Delivery Type']
+      a+=['300A.00D0'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Number of Wedges']
+      a+=['300A.00D1'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Wedge Sequence']
+      a+=['300A.00D2'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Wedge Number']
+      a+=['300A.00D3'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Wedge Type']
+      a+=['300A.00D4'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Wedge Id']
+      a+=['300A.00D5'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Wedge Angle']
+      a+=['300A.00D6'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Wedge Factor']
+      a+=['300A.00D8'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Wedge Orientation']
+      a+=['300A.00E0'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Number of Compensators']
+      a+=['300A.00E1'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Material Id']
+      a+=['300A.00ED'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Number of Boli']
+      a+=['300A.00F0'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Number of Blocks']
+      a+=['300A.00F2'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Total Block Tray Factor']
+      a+=['300A.00F4'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Block Sequence']
+      a+=['300A.00F5'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Block Tray Id']
+      a+=['300A.00F6'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Source to Block Tray Distance']
+      a+=['300A.00F8'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Block Type']
+      a+=['300A.00FA'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Block Divergence']
+      a+=['300A.00FC'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Block Number']
+      a+=['300A.00FE'] and b+=['LO'] and c+=['Block Name']
+      a+=['300A.0100'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Block Thickness']
+      a+=['300A.0102'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Block Transmission']
+      a+=['300A.0104'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Block Number of Points']
+      a+=['300A.0106'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Block Data']
+      a+=['300A.010E'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Final Cumulative Meterset Weight']
+      a+=['300A.0110'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Number of Control Points']
+      a+=['300A.0111'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Control Point Sequence']
+      a+=['300A.0112'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Control Point Index']
+      a+=['300A.0114'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Nominal Beam Energy']
+      a+=['300A.011A'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Beam Limiting Device Position Sequence']
+      a+=['300A.011C'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Leaf/Jaw Positions']
+      a+=['300A.011E'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Gantry Angle']
+      a+=['300A.011F'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Gantry Rotation Direction']
+      a+=['300A.0120'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Beam Limiting Device Angle']
+      a+=['300A.0121'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Beam Limiting Device Rotation Direction']
+      a+=['300A.0122'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Patient Support Angle']
+      a+=['300A.0123'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Patient Support Rotation Direction']
+      a+=['300A.0125'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Table Top Eccentric Angle']
+      a+=['300A.0126'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Table Top Eccentric Rotation Direction']
+      a+=['300A.0128'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Table Top Vertical Position']
+      a+=['300A.0129'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Table Top Longitudinal Position']
+      a+=['300A.012A'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Table Top Lateral Position']
+      a+=['300A.012C'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Isocenter Position']
+      a+=['300A.0130'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Source to Surface Distance']
+      a+=['300A.0134'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Cumulative Meterset Weight']
+      a+=['300A.0180'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Patient Setup Sequence']
+      a+=['300A.0182'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Patient Setup Number']
+      a+=['300A.01D2'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Table Top Vertical Setup Displacement']
+      a+=['300A.01D4'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Table Top Longitudinal Setup Displacement']
+      a+=['300A.01D6'] and b+=['DS'] and c+=['Table Top Lateral Setup Displacement']
+      a+=['300A.0212'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Source Number']
+      a+=['300A.0214'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Source Type']
+      a+=['300C.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['300C.0002'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Referenced RT Plan Sequence']
+      a+=['300C.0004'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Referenced Beam Sequence']
+      a+=['300C.0006'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Referenced Beam Number']
+      a+=['300C.0020'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Referenced Fraction Group Sequence']
+      a+=['300C.0022'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Referenced Fraction Group Number']
+      a+=['300C.0042'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Referenced Reference Image Sequence']
+      a+=['300C.0060'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Referenced Structure Set Sequence']
+      a+=['300C.006A'] and b+=['IS'] and c+=['Referenced Patient Setup Number']
+      a+=['300C.0080'] and b+=['SQ'] and c+=['Referenced Dose Sequence']
+      a+=['300E.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['300E.0002'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Approval Status']
+      a+=['3241.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['5000.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['5000.0005'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Curve Dimensions']
+      a+=['5000.0010'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Number of Points']
+      a+=['5000.0020'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Type of Data']
+      a+=['5000.0030'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Axis Units']
+      a+=['5000.0103'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Data Value Representation']
+      a+=['5000.3000'] and b+=['OB'] and c+=['Curve Data']
+      a+=['5001.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['5001.0010'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Number of Points'] # ?? check with other sources
+      a+=['5002.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['5002.0005'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Curve Dimensions']
+      a+=['5002.0010'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Number of Points']
+      a+=['5002.0020'] and b+=['CS'] and c+=['Type of Data']
+      a+=['5002.0030'] and b+=['SH'] and c+=['Axis Units']
+      a+=['5002.0103'] and b+=['US'] and c+=['Data Value Representation']
+      a+=['5002.3000'] and b+=['OB'] and c+=['Curve Data']
+      a+=['7FE0.0000'] and b+=['UL'] and c+=['Group Length']
+      a+=['7FE0.0010'] and b+=['OW'] and c+=['Pixel Data']
+      a+=['FFFC.FFFC'] and b+=['OB'] and c+=['Data Set Trailing Padding']
+      a+=['FFFE.E000'] and b+=['()'] and c+=['Item']
+      a+=['FFFE.E00D'] and b+=['()'] and c+=['Sequence Delimitation Item']
+      a+=['FFFE.E0DD'] and b+=['()'] and c+=['Sequence Delimitation Item']
+      a+=['dumm.dumm'] and b+=['SS'] and c+=['Dummy entry 1'] # To get the 'SS' type in the list.
+      
+      @lib_labels=a
+      @lib_types=b
+      @lib_names=c
+    end
+
+
+    # Process a series of numbers to return a string containing all the numbers separated with the separator "/" between the numbers.
+    def process_numbers(length, type, size)
+      bin = @file.read(size)
+      data=""
+      case type
+      when "UL"
+        temp1 = get_UL(bin)
+      when "SL"
+        temp1 = get_SL(bin)
+      when "US"
+        temp1 = get_US(bin)
+      when "SS"
+        temp1 = get_SS(bin)
+      when "FD"
+        temp1 = get_FD(bin)
+      else
+        puts "Warning: Type "+type+"not supported in method process_numbers()."
+      end
+      remain = (length-size)/size
+      remain.times do
+        bin = @file.read(size)
+        case type
+        when "UL"
+          temp2 = get_UL(bin)
+        when "SL"
+          temp2 = get_SL(bin)
+        when "US"
+          temp2 = get_US(bin)
+        when "SS"
+          temp2 = get_SS(bin)
+        when "FD"
+          temp2 = get_FD(bin)
+        else
+          puts "Warning: Type "+type+"not supported in method process_numbers()."
+        end
+        data = temp1.to_s+"/"+temp2.to_s
+        temp1 = data
+      end
+      return data
+    end
+
+    # Returns a byte integer (1 byte), from the supplied variable.
+    def get_BYTE(bin)
+      # If bin contains several numbers, unpack and return in an array. If just one number, return the number:
+      elements = bin.size
+      if @endian
+        # Native byte order:
+        if elements > 1
+          num=bin.unpack('C*')
+        else
+          num=bin.unpack('C*')[0]
+        end
+      else
+        # Network byte order: (Unknown what to use here)
+        puts "Warning: Method get_BYTE not tested with this endian yet!"
+        if elements > 1
+          num=bin.unpack('C*')
+        else
+          num=bin.unpack('C*')[0]
+        end
+      end
+      return num
+    end
+
+
+    # Returns a unsigned short (2 bytes), from the supplied variable.
+    def get_US(bin)
+      # If bin contains several numbers, unpack and return in an array. If just one number, return the number:
+      elements = bin.size/2
+      if @endian
+        # Native byte order:
+        if elements > 1
+          num=bin.unpack('S*') # or v (little endian (?))
+        else
+          num=bin.unpack('S*')[0]
+        end
+      else
+        # Network byte order:
+        if elements > 1
+          num=bin.unpack('n*')
+        else
+          num=bin.unpack('n*')[0]
+        end
+      end
+      return num
+    end
+
+
+    # Returns a signed short (2 bytes), from the supplied variable.
+    def get_SS(bin)
+      elements = bin.size/2
+      # If bin contains several numbers, unpack and return in an array. If just one number, return the number:
+      if @endian
+        # Native byte order
+        if elements > 1
+          num=bin.unpack('s*')
+        else
+          num=bin.unpack('s*')[0]
+        end
+      else
+        # Unknown what unpack code to use here:
+        if elements > 1
+          num=bin.unpack('s*') 
+        else
+          num=bin.unpack('s*')[0] 
+        end
+        puts "Warning: Oppositve endian for signed short is not working yet!"
+      end
+      return num
+    end
+
+
+    # Returns an unsigned long (4 bytes), from the supplied variable.
+    def get_UL(bin)
+      elements = bin.size/4
+      # If bin contains several numbers, unpack and return in an array. If just one number, return the number:
+      if @endian
+        # Unsigned native integer:
+        if elements > 1
+          num=bin.unpack('I*')
+        else
+          num=bin.unpack('I*')[0]
+        end
+      else
+        # Unsigned long in network byte order:
+        if elements > 1
+          num=bin.unpack('N*')
+        else
+          num=bin.unpack('N*')[0]
+        end
+      end
+      return num
+    end
+
+
+    # Returns a signed long (4 bytes), from the supplied variable.
+    def get_SL(bin)
+      elements = bin.size/4
+      # If bin contains several numbers, unpack and return in an array. If just one number, return the number:
+      if @endian
+        # Signed native long integer:
+        if elements > 1
+          num=bin.unpack('l*')
+        else
+          num=bin.unpack('l*')[0]
+        end
+      else
+        puts "Warning: Oppositve endian for signed long is not working yet!"
+        if elements > 1
+          num=bin.unpack('l*')
+        else
+          num=bin.unpack('l*')[0]
+        end
+      end
+      return num
+    end
+
+
+    # Returns a floating point double (8 bytes), from the supplied variable.
+    def get_FD(bin)
+      elements = bin.size/8
+      # If bin contains several numbers, unpack and return in an array. If just one number, return the number:
+      if @endian
+        # Double in little-endian byte order:
+        if elements > 1
+          num=bin.unpack('E*')
+        else
+          num=bin.unpack('E*')[0]
+        end
+      else
+        # Double in network byte order:
+        if elements > 1
+          num=bin.unpack('G*')
+        else
+          num=bin.unpack('G*')[0]
+        end
+      end
+      return num
+    end
+
+
+    # Checks the Transfer Syntax UID tag and updates class variables to prepare for correct reading of DICOM file.
+    def process_syntax(value)
+      case value.rstrip
+      # Some variations with uncompressed pixel data:
+      when "1.2.840.10008.1.2"
+        # Implicit VR, Little Endian
+        @rest_explicit = false
+        @rest_endian = false
+        @compression = false
+      when "1.2.840.10008.1.2.1"
+        # Explicit VR, Little Endian
+        @rest_explicit = true
+        @rest_endian = false
+        @compression = false
+      when "1.2.840.10008.1.2.2"
+        # Explicit VR, Big Endian
+        @rest_explicit = true
+        @rest_endian = true
+        @compression = false
+      # Compressed pixel data, using various compression algorithms:
+      when "1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.50"
+        @rest_explicit = true
+        @rest_endian = false
+        @compression = "JPEG Baseline"
+      when "1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.51"
+        @rest_explicit = true
+        @rest_endian = false
+        @compression = "JPEG Extended (Process 2 & 4)"
+      when "1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.70"
+        @rest_explicit = true
+        @rest_endian = false
+        @compression = "JPEG Lossless, Non-Hierarchical"
+      when "1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.90"
+        @rest_explicit = true
+        @rest_endian = false
+        @compression = "JPEG 2000, Lossless Only"
+      when "1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.91"
+        @rest_explicit = true
+        @rest_endian = false
+        @compression = "JPEG 2000, Lossy"
+      else
+        # For everything else, assume unknown compression algorithm, with Explicit VR, Little Endian:
+        puts "Warning: Unknown Transfer Syntax UID:  "+ value.to_s
+        puts "Handling for this data type has not been implemented, errors may occur."
+        @rest_explicit = true
+        @rest_endian = false
+        @compression = "Unknown"
+      end
+    end
+
+
+    # Checks the endianness of the system. Returns false if little endian, true if big endian.
+    def check_sys_endian()
+      x = 0xdeadbeef
+      endian_type = {
+        Array(x).pack("V*") => false, #:little
+        Array(x).pack("N*") => true   #:big 
+      }
+      return endian_type[Array(x).pack("L*")] 
+    end
+
+
+  end # End of class.
+end # End of module.