dcparker-shopify 0.1.9 → 0.2.0

data/lib/shopify/extlib/hook.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+module Extlib # :nodoc:all
+  #
+  # TODO: Write more documentation!
+  #
+  # Overview
+  # ========
+  #
+  # The Hook module is a very simple set of AOP helpers. Basically, it
+  # allows the developer to specify a method or block that should run
+  # before or after another method.
+  #
+  # Usage
+  # =====
+  #
+  # Halting The Hook Stack
+  #
+  # Inheritance
+  #
+  # Other Goodies
+  #
+  # Please bring up any issues regarding Hooks with carllerche on IRC
+  #
+  module Hook
+
+    def self.included(base)
+      base.extend(ClassMethods)
+      base.const_set("CLASS_HOOKS", {}) unless base.const_defined?("CLASS_HOOKS")
+      base.const_set("INSTANCE_HOOKS", {}) unless base.const_defined?("INSTANCE_HOOKS")
+      base.class_eval do
+        class << self
+          def method_added(name)
+            process_method_added(name, :instance)
+          end
+
+          def singleton_method_added(name)
+            process_method_added(name, :class)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    module ClassMethods
+      include Extlib::Assertions
+      # Inject code that executes before the target class method.
+      #
+      # @param target_method<Symbol>  the name of the class method to inject before
+      # @param method_sym<Symbol>     the name of the method to run before the
+      #   target_method
+      # @param block<Block>           the code to run before the target_method
+      #
+      # @note
+      #   Either method_sym or block is required.
+      # -
+      # @api public
+      def before_class_method(target_method, method_sym = nil, &block)
+        install_hook :before, target_method, method_sym, :class, &block
+      end
+
+      #
+      # Inject code that executes after the target class method.
+      #
+      # @param target_method<Symbol>  the name of the class method to inject after
+      # @param method_sym<Symbol>     the name of the method to run after the target_method
+      # @param block<Block>           the code to run after the target_method
+      #
+      # @note
+      #   Either method_sym or block is required.
+      # -
+      # @api public
+      def after_class_method(target_method, method_sym = nil, &block)
+        install_hook :after, target_method, method_sym, :class, &block
+      end
+
+      #
+      # Inject code that executes before the target instance method.
+      #
+      # @param target_method<Symbol>  the name of the instance method to inject before
+      # @param method_sym<Symbol>     the name of the method to run before the
+      #   target_method
+      # @param block<Block>           the code to run before the target_method
+      #
+      # @note
+      #   Either method_sym or block is required.
+      # -
+      # @api public
+      def before(target_method, method_sym = nil, &block)
+        install_hook :before, target_method, method_sym, :instance, &block
+      end
+
+      #
+      # Inject code that executes after the target instance method.
+      #
+      # @param target_method<Symbol>  the name of the instance method to inject after
+      # @param method_sym<Symbol>     the name of the method to run after the
+      #   target_method
+      # @param block<Block>           the code to run after the target_method
+      #
+      # @note
+      #   Either method_sym or block is required.
+      # -
+      # @api public
+      def after(target_method, method_sym = nil, &block)
+        install_hook :after, target_method, method_sym, :instance, &block
+      end
+
+      # Register a class method as hookable. Registering a method means that
+      # before hooks will be run immediately before the method is invoked and
+      # after hooks will be called immediately after the method is invoked.
+      #
+      # @param hookable_method<Symbol> The name of the class method that should
+      #   be hookable
+      # -
+      # @api public
+      def register_class_hooks(*hooks)
+        hooks.each { |hook| register_hook(hook, :class) }
+      end
+
+      # Register aninstance method as hookable. Registering a method means that
+      # before hooks will be run immediately before the method is invoked and
+      # after hooks will be called immediately after the method is invoked.
+      #
+      # @param hookable_method<Symbol> The name of the instance method that should
+      #   be hookable
+      # -
+      # @api public
+      def register_instance_hooks(*hooks)
+        hooks.each { |hook| register_hook(hook, :instance) }
+      end
+
+      # Not yet implemented
+      def reset_hook!(target_method, scope)
+        raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+
+      # --- Alright kids... the rest is internal stuff ---
+
+      # Returns the correct HOOKS Hash depending on whether we are
+      # working with class methods or instance methods
+      def hooks_with_scope(scope)
+        case scope
+          when :class    then class_hooks
+          when :instance then instance_hooks
+          else raise ArgumentError, 'You need to pass :class or :instance as scope'
+        end
+      end
+
+      def class_hooks
+        self.const_get("CLASS_HOOKS")
+      end
+
+      def instance_hooks
+        self.const_get("INSTANCE_HOOKS")
+      end
+
+      # Registers a method as hookable. Registering hooks involves the following
+      # process
+      #
+      # * Create a blank entry in the HOOK Hash for the method.
+      # * Define the methods that execute the before and after hook stack.
+      #   These methods will be no-ops at first, but everytime a new hook is
+      #   defined, the methods will be redefined to incorporate the new hook.
+      # * Redefine the method that is to be hookable so that the hook stacks
+      #   are invoked approprietly.
+      def register_hook(target_method, scope)
+        if scope == :instance && !method_defined?(target_method)
+          raise ArgumentError, "#{target_method} instance method does not exist"
+        elsif scope == :class && !respond_to?(target_method)
+          raise ArgumentError, "#{target_method} class method does not exist"
+        end
+
+        hooks = hooks_with_scope(scope)
+
+        if hooks[target_method].nil?
+          hooks[target_method] = {
+            # We need to keep track of which class in the Inheritance chain the
+            # method was declared hookable in. Every time a child declares a new
+            # hook for the method, the hook stack invocations need to be redefined
+            # in the original Class. See #define_hook_stack_execution_methods
+            :before => [], :after => [], :in => self
+          }
+
+          define_hook_stack_execution_methods(target_method, scope)
+          define_advised_method(target_method, scope)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Is the method registered as a hookable in the given scope.
+      def registered_as_hook?(target_method, scope)
+        ! hooks_with_scope(scope)[target_method].nil?
+      end
+
+      # Generates names for the various utility methods. We need to do this because
+      # the various utility methods should not end in = so, while we're at it, we
+      # might as well get rid of all punctuation.
+      def hook_method_name(target_method, prefix, suffix)
+        target_method = target_method.to_s
+
+        case target_method[-1,1]
+          when '?' then "#{prefix}_#{target_method[0..-2]}_ques_#{suffix}"
+          when '!' then "#{prefix}_#{target_method[0..-2]}_bang_#{suffix}"
+          when '=' then "#{prefix}_#{target_method[0..-2]}_eq_#{suffix}"
+          # I add a _nan_ suffix here so that we don't ever encounter
+          # any naming conflicts.
+          else "#{prefix}_#{target_method[0..-1]}_nan_#{suffix}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      # This will need to be refactored
+      def process_method_added(method_name, scope)
+        hooks_with_scope(scope).each do |target_method, hooks|
+          if hooks[:before].any? { |hook| hook[:name] == method_name }
+            define_hook_stack_execution_methods(target_method, scope)
+          end
+
+          if hooks[:after].any? { |hook| hook[:name] == method_name }
+            define_hook_stack_execution_methods(target_method, scope)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Defines two methods. One method executes the before hook stack. The other executes
+      # the after hook stack. This method will be called many times during the Class definition
+      # process. It should be called for each hook that is defined. It will also be called
+      # when a hook is redefined (to make sure that the arity hasn't changed).
+      def define_hook_stack_execution_methods(target_method, scope)
+        unless registered_as_hook?(target_method, scope)
+          raise ArgumentError, "#{target_method} has not be registered as a hookable #{scope} method"
+        end
+
+        hooks = hooks_with_scope(scope)
+
+        before_hooks = hooks[target_method][:before]
+        before_hooks = before_hooks.map{ |info| inline_call(info, scope) }.join("\n")
+
+        after_hooks  = hooks[target_method][:after]
+        after_hooks  = after_hooks.map{ |info| inline_call(info, scope) }.join("\n")
+
+        source = %{
+          private
+
+          def #{hook_method_name(target_method, 'execute_before', 'hook_stack')}(*args)
+            #{before_hooks}
+          end
+
+          def #{hook_method_name(target_method, 'execute_after', 'hook_stack')}(*args)
+            #{after_hooks}
+          end
+        }
+
+        source = %{class << self\n#{source}\nend} if scope == :class
+
+        hooks[target_method][:in].class_eval(source, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+      end
+
+      # Returns ruby code that will invoke the hook. It checks the arity of the hook method
+      # and passes arguments accordingly.
+      def inline_call(method_info, scope)
+        name = method_info[:name]
+
+        if scope == :instance
+          args = method_defined?(name) && instance_method(name).arity != 0 ? '*args' : ''
+          %(#{name}(#{args}) if self.class <= ObjectSpace._id2ref(#{method_info[:from].object_id}))
+        else
+          args = respond_to?(name) && method(name).arity != 0 ? '*args' : ''
+          %(#{name}(#{args}) if self <= ObjectSpace._id2ref(#{method_info[:from].object_id}))
+        end
+      end
+
+      def define_advised_method(target_method, scope)
+        args = args_for(method_with_scope(target_method, scope))
+
+        renamed_target = hook_method_name(target_method, 'hookable_', 'before_advised')
+
+        source = <<-EOD
+          def #{target_method}(#{args})
+            retval = nil
+            catch(:halt) do
+              #{hook_method_name(target_method, 'execute_before', 'hook_stack')}(#{args})
+              retval = #{renamed_target}(#{args})
+              #{hook_method_name(target_method, 'execute_after', 'hook_stack')}(retval, #{args})
+              retval
+            end
+          end
+        EOD
+
+        if scope == :instance && !instance_methods(false).include?(target_method.to_s)
+          send(:alias_method, renamed_target, target_method)
+
+          proxy_module = Module.new
+          proxy_module.class_eval(source, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+          self.send(:include, proxy_module)
+        else
+          source = %{alias_method :#{renamed_target}, :#{target_method}\n#{source}}
+          source = %{class << self\n#{source}\nend} if scope == :class
+          class_eval(source, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # --- Add a hook ---
+
+      def install_hook(type, target_method, method_sym, scope, &block)
+        assert_kind_of 'target_method', target_method, Symbol
+        assert_kind_of 'method_sym',    method_sym,    Symbol unless method_sym.nil?
+        assert_kind_of 'scope',         scope,         Symbol
+
+        if !block_given? and method_sym.nil?
+          raise ArgumentError, "You need to pass 2 arguments to \"#{type}\"."
+        end
+
+        if method_sym.to_s[-1,1] == '='
+          raise ArgumentError, "Methods ending in = cannot be hooks"
+        end
+
+        unless [ :class, :instance ].include?(scope)
+          raise ArgumentError, 'You need to pass :class or :instance as scope'
+        end
+
+        register_hook(target_method, scope) unless registered_as_hook?(target_method, scope)
+
+        hooks = hooks_with_scope(scope)
+
+        if block
+          method_sym = "__hooks_#{type}_#{quote_method(target_method)}_#{hooks[target_method][type].length}".to_sym
+          if scope == :class
+            (class << self; self; end;).instance_eval do
+              define_method(method_sym, &block)
+            end
+          else
+            define_method(method_sym, &block)
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Adds method to the stack an redefines the hook invocation method
+        hooks[target_method][type] << { :name => method_sym, :from => self }
+        define_hook_stack_execution_methods(target_method, scope)
+      end
+
+      # --- Helpers ---
+
+      def args_for(method)
+        if method.arity == 0
+          "&block"
+        elsif method.arity > 0
+          "_" << (1 .. method.arity).to_a.join(", _") << ", &block"
+        elsif (method.arity + 1) < 0
+          "_" << (1 .. (method.arity).abs - 1).to_a.join(", _") << ", *args, &block"
+        else
+          "*args, &block"
+        end
+      end
+
+      def method_with_scope(name, scope)
+        case scope
+          when :class    then method(name)
+          when :instance then instance_method(name)
+          else raise ArgumentError, 'You need to pass :class or :instance as scope'
+        end
+      end
+
+      def quote_method(name)
+        name.to_s.gsub(/\?$/, '_q_').gsub(/!$/, '_b_').gsub(/=$/, '_eq_')
+      end
+    end
+
+  end
+end

data/lib/shopify/extlib/inflection.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,436 @@
+module Extlib # :nodoc:all
+
+  # = English Nouns Number Inflection.
+  #
+  # This module provides english singular <-> plural noun inflections.
+  module Inflection
+
+    class << self
+      # Take an underscored name and make it into a camelized name
+      #
+      # @example
+      #   "egg_and_hams".classify #=> "EggAndHam"
+      #   "post".classify #=> "Post"
+      #
+      def classify(name)
+        camelize(singularize(name.to_s.sub(/.*\./, '')))
+      end
+
+      # By default, camelize converts strings to UpperCamelCase.
+      #
+      # camelize will also convert '/' to '::' which is useful for converting paths to namespaces
+      #
+      # @example
+      #   "active_record".camelize #=> "ActiveRecord"
+      #   "active_record/errors".camelize #=> "ActiveRecord::Errors"
+      #
+      def camelize(lower_case_and_underscored_word, *args)
+        lower_case_and_underscored_word.to_s.gsub(/\/(.?)/) { "::" + $1.upcase }.gsub(/(^|_)(.)/) { $2.upcase }
+      end
+
+
+      # The reverse of +camelize+. Makes an underscored form from the expression in the string.
+      #
+      # Changes '::' to '/' to convert namespaces to paths.
+      #
+      # @example
+      #   "ActiveRecord".underscore #=> "active_record"
+      #   "ActiveRecord::Errors".underscore #=> active_record/errors
+      #
+      def underscore(camel_cased_word)
+        camel_cased_word.to_const_path
+      end
+
+      # Capitalizes the first word and turns underscores into spaces and strips _id.
+      # Like titleize, this is meant for creating pretty output.
+      #
+      # @example
+      #   "employee_salary" #=> "Employee salary"
+      #   "author_id" #=> "Author"
+      def humanize(lower_case_and_underscored_word)
+        lower_case_and_underscored_word.to_s.gsub(/_id$/, "").gsub(/_/, " ").capitalize
+      end
+
+      # Removes the module part from the expression in the string
+      #
+      # @example
+      #   "ActiveRecord::CoreExtensions::String::Inflections".demodulize #=> "Inflections"
+      #   "Inflections".demodulize #=> "Inflections"
+      def demodulize(class_name_in_module)
+        class_name_in_module.to_s.gsub(/^.*::/, '')
+      end
+
+      # Create the name of a table like Rails does for models to table names. This method
+      # uses the pluralize method on the last word in the string.
+      #
+      # @example
+      #   "RawScaledScorer".tableize #=> "raw_scaled_scorers"
+      #   "egg_and_ham".tableize #=> "egg_and_hams"
+      #   "fancyCategory".tableize #=> "fancy_categories"
+      def tableize(class_name)
+        pluralize(class_name.to_const_path.gsub(/\//, '_'))
+      end
+
+      # Creates a foreign key name from a class name.
+      #
+      # @example
+      #   "Message".foreign_key #=> "message_id"
+      #   "Admin::Post".foreign_key #=> "post_id"
+      def foreign_key(class_name, key = "id")
+        underscore(demodulize(class_name.to_s)) << "_" << key.to_s
+      end
+
+      # Constantize tries to find a declared constant with the name specified
+      # in the string. It raises a NameError when the name is not in CamelCase
+      # or is not initialized.
+      #
+      # @example
+      #   "Module".constantize #=> Module
+      #   "Class".constantize #=> Class
+      def constantize(camel_cased_word)
+        unless /\A(?:::)?([A-Z]\w*(?:::[A-Z]\w*)*)\z/ =~ camel_cased_word
+          raise NameError, "#{camel_cased_word.inspect} is not a valid constant name!"
+        end
+
+        Object.module_eval("::#{$1}", __FILE__, __LINE__)
+      end
+    end
+
+    @singular_of = {}
+    @plural_of = {}
+
+    @singular_rules = []
+    @plural_rules = []
+
+    class << self
+      # Defines a general inflection exception case.
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # singular<String>::
+      #   singular form of the word
+      # plural<String>::
+      #   plural form of the word
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      # Here we define erratum/errata exception case:
+      #
+      # English::Inflect.word "erratum", "errata"
+      #
+      # In case singular and plural forms are the same omit
+      # second argument on call:
+      #
+      # English::Inflect.word 'information'
+      def word(singular, plural=nil)
+        plural = singular unless plural
+        singular_word(singular, plural)
+        plural_word(singular, plural)
+      end
+
+      def clear(type = :all)
+        if type == :singular || type == :all
+          @singular_of = {}
+          @singular_rules = []
+          @singularization_rules, @singularization_regex = nil, nil
+        end
+        if type == :plural || type == :all
+          @singular_of = {}
+          @singular_rules = []
+          @singularization_rules, @singularization_regex = nil, nil
+        end
+      end
+
+
+      # Define a singularization exception.
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # singular<String>::
+      #   singular form of the word
+      # plural<String>::
+      #   plural form of the word
+      def singular_word(singular, plural)
+        @singular_of[plural] = singular
+        @singular_of[plural.capitalize] = singular.capitalize
+      end
+
+      # Define a pluralization exception.
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # singular<String>::
+      #   singular form of the word
+      # plural<String>::
+      #   plural form of the word
+      def plural_word(singular, plural)
+        @plural_of[singular] = plural
+        @plural_of[singular.capitalize] = plural.capitalize
+      end
+
+      # Define a general rule.
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # singular<String>::
+      #   ending of the word in singular form
+      # plural<String>::
+      #   ending of the word in plural form
+      # whole_word<Boolean>::
+      #   for capitalization, since words can be
+      #   capitalized (Man => Men)      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      # Once the following rule is defined:
+      # English::Inflect.rule 'y', 'ies'
+      #
+      # You can see the following results:
+      # irb> "fly".plural
+      # => flies
+      # irb> "cry".plural
+      # => cries
+      # Define a general rule.
+
+      def rule(singular, plural, whole_word = false)
+        singular_rule(singular, plural)
+        plural_rule(singular, plural)
+        word(singular, plural) if whole_word
+      end
+
+      # Define a singularization rule.
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # singular<String>::
+      #   ending of the word in singular form
+      # plural<String>::
+      #   ending of the word in plural form
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      # Once the following rule is defined:
+      # English::Inflect.singular_rule 'o', 'oes'
+      #
+      # You can see the following results:
+      # irb> "heroes".singular
+      # => hero
+      def singular_rule(singular, plural)
+        @singular_rules << [singular, plural]
+      end
+
+      # Define a plurualization rule.
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # singular<String>::
+      #   ending of the word in singular form
+      # plural<String>::
+      #   ending of the word in plural form
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      # Once the following rule is defined:
+      # English::Inflect.singular_rule 'fe', 'ves'
+      #
+      # You can see the following results:
+      # irb> "wife".plural
+      # => wives
+      def plural_rule(singular, plural)
+        @plural_rules << [singular, plural]
+      end
+
+      # Read prepared singularization rules.
+      def singularization_rules
+        if defined?(@singularization_regex) && @singularization_regex
+          return [@singularization_regex, @singularization_hash]
+        end
+        # No sorting needed: Regexen match on longest string
+        @singularization_regex = Regexp.new("(" + @singular_rules.map {|s,p| p}.join("|") + ")$", "i")
+        @singularization_hash  = Hash[*@singular_rules.flatten].invert
+        [@singularization_regex, @singularization_hash]
+      end
+
+      # Read prepared pluralization rules.
+      def pluralization_rules
+        if defined?(@pluralization_regex) && @pluralization_regex
+          return [@pluralization_regex, @pluralization_hash]
+        end
+        @pluralization_regex = Regexp.new("(" + @plural_rules.map {|s,p| s}.join("|") + ")$", "i")
+        @pluralization_hash  = Hash[*@plural_rules.flatten]
+        [@pluralization_regex, @pluralization_hash]
+      end
+
+      attr_reader :singular_of, :plural_of
+
+      # Convert an English word from plurel to singular.
+      #
+      #   "boys".singular      #=> boy
+      #   "tomatoes".singular  #=> tomato
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # word<String>:: word to singularize
+      #
+      # ==== Returns
+      # <String>:: singularized form of word
+      #
+      # ==== Notes
+      # Aliased as singularize (a Railism)
+      def singular(word)
+        if result = singular_of[word]
+          return result.dup
+        end
+        result = word.dup
+        regex, hash = singularization_rules
+        result.sub!(regex) {|m| hash[m]}
+        singular_of[word] = result
+        return result
+      end
+
+      # Alias for #singular (a Railism).
+      #
+      alias_method(:singularize, :singular)
+
+      # Convert an English word from singular to plurel.
+      #
+      #   "boy".plural     #=> boys
+      #   "tomato".plural  #=> tomatoes
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # word<String>:: word to pluralize
+      #
+      # ==== Returns
+      # <String>:: pluralized form of word
+      #
+      # ==== Notes
+      # Aliased as pluralize (a Railism)
+      def plural(word)
+        # special exceptions
+        return "" if word == ""
+        if result = plural_of[word]
+          return result.dup
+        end
+        result = word.dup
+        regex, hash = pluralization_rules
+        result.sub!(regex) {|m| hash[m]}
+        plural_of[word] = result
+        return result
+      end
+
+      # Alias for #plural (a Railism).
+      alias_method(:pluralize, :plural)
+    end
+
+    # One argument means singular and plural are the same.
+
+    word 'equipment'
+    word 'information'
+    word 'money'
+    word 'species'
+    word 'series'
+    word 'fish'
+    word 'sheep'
+    word 'moose'
+    word 'hovercraft'
+    word 'grass'
+    word 'rain'
+    word 'milk'
+    word 'rice'
+    word 'plurals'
+    word 'postgres'
+    word 'status'
+
+    # Two arguments defines a singular and plural exception.
+    word 'status'    , 'status'
+    word 'Swiss'     , 'Swiss'
+    word 'life'      , 'lives'
+    word 'wife'      , 'wives'
+    word 'goose'     , 'geese'
+    word 'criterion' , 'criteria'
+    word 'alias'     , 'aliases'
+    word 'status'    , 'statuses'
+    word 'axis'      , 'axes'
+    word 'crisis'    , 'crises'
+    word 'testis'    , 'testes'
+    word 'potato'    , 'potatoes'
+    word 'tomato'    , 'tomatoes'
+    word 'buffalo'   , 'buffaloes'
+    word 'torpedo'   , 'torpedoes'
+    word 'quiz'      , 'quizzes'
+    word 'matrix'    , 'matrices'
+    word 'vertex'    , 'vertices'
+    word 'index'     , 'indices'
+    word 'ox'        , 'oxen'
+    word 'mouse'     , 'mice'
+    word 'louse'     , 'lice'
+    word 'thesis'    , 'theses'
+    word 'thief'     , 'thieves'
+    word 'analysis'  , 'analyses'
+    word 'erratum'   , 'errata'
+    word 'phenomenon', 'phenomena'
+    word 'octopus'   , 'octopi'
+    word 'thesaurus' , 'thesauri'
+    word 'movie'     , 'movies'
+    word 'cactus'    , 'cacti'
+    word 'plus'      , 'plusses'
+    word 'cross'     , 'crosses'
+    word 'medium'    , 'media'
+    word 'datum'     , 'data'
+    word 'basis'     , 'bases'
+    word 'diagnosis' , 'diagnoses'
+
+    # One-way singularization exception (convert plural to singular).
+
+    # General rules.
+    rule 'person' , 'people', true
+    rule 'shoe'   , 'shoes', true
+    rule 'hive'   , 'hives', true
+    rule 'man'    , 'men', true
+    rule 'child'  , 'children', true
+    rule 'news'   , 'news', true
+    rule 'rf'   , 'rves'
+    rule 'af'   , 'aves'
+    rule 'ero'  , 'eroes'
+    rule 'man'  , 'men'
+    rule 'ch'   , 'ches'
+    rule 'sh'   , 'shes'
+    rule 'ss'   , 'sses'
+    rule 'ta'   , 'tum'
+    rule 'ia'   , 'ium'
+    rule 'ra'   , 'rum'
+    rule 'ay'   , 'ays'
+    rule 'ey'   , 'eys'
+    rule 'oy'   , 'oys'
+    rule 'uy'   , 'uys'
+    rule 'y'    , 'ies'
+    rule 'x'    , 'xes'
+    rule 'lf'   , 'lves'
+    rule 'ffe'  , 'ffes'
+    rule 'afe'  , 'aves'
+    rule 'ouse' , 'ouses'
+    # more cases of words ending in -oses not being singularized properly
+    # than cases of words ending in -osis
+#    rule 'osis' , 'oses'
+    rule 'ox'   , 'oxes'
+    rule 'us'   , 'uses'
+    rule ''     , 's'
+
+    # One-way singular rules.
+
+    singular_rule 'of' , 'ofs' # proof
+    singular_rule 'o'  , 'oes' # hero, heroes
+    singular_rule 'f'  , 'ves'
+
+    # One-way plural rules.
+
+    #plural_rule 'fe' , 'ves' # safe, wife
+    plural_rule 's'   , 'ses'
+    plural_rule 'ive' , 'ives' # don't want to snag wife
+    plural_rule 'fe'  , 'ves'  # don't want to snag perspectives
+
+
+  end
+end
+
+class Object # :nodoc:all
+  def singular
+    raise MethodNotFound, caller(1) unless self.respond_to?(:to_s)
+    Extlib::Inflection.singular(to_s)
+  end
+  alias_method(:singularize, :singular)
+  def plural
+    raise MethodNotFound, caller(1) unless self.respond_to?(:to_s)
+    Extlib::Inflection.plural(to_s)
+  end
+  alias_method(:pluralize, :plural)
+end