datadog 2.8.0 → 2.10.0

data/ext/datadog_profiling_native_extension/stack_recorder.c

@@ -173,18 +173,18 @@ static const uint8_t all_value_types_positions[] =
 
 // Struct for storing stats related to a profile in a particular slot.
 // These stats will share the same lifetime as the data in that profile slot.
-typedef struct slot_stats {
+typedef struct {
   // How many individual samples were recorded into this slot (un-weighted)
   uint64_t recorded_samples;
 } stats_slot;
 
-typedef struct profile_slot {
+typedef struct {
   ddog_prof_Profile profile;
   stats_slot stats;
 } profile_slot;
 
 // Contains native state for each instance
-struct stack_recorder_state {
+typedef struct {
   // Heap recorder instance
   heap_recorder *heap_recorder;
   bool heap_clean_after_gc_enabled;
@@ -210,17 +210,17 @@ struct stack_recorder_state {
     long serialization_time_ns_max;
     uint64_t serialization_time_ns_total;
   } stats_lifetime;
-};
+} stack_recorder_state;
 
 // Used to group mutex and the corresponding profile slot for easy unlocking after work is done.
-typedef struct locked_profile_slot {
+typedef struct {
   pthread_mutex_t *mutex;
   profile_slot *data;
 } locked_profile_slot;
 
-struct call_serialize_without_gvl_arguments {
+typedef struct {
   // Set by caller
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
   ddog_Timespec finish_timestamp;
 
   // Set by callee
@@ -231,26 +231,26 @@ struct call_serialize_without_gvl_arguments {
 
   // Set by both
   bool serialize_ran;
-};
+} call_serialize_without_gvl_arguments;
 
 static VALUE _native_new(VALUE klass);
-static void initialize_slot_concurrency_control(struct stack_recorder_state *state);
-static void initialize_profiles(struct stack_recorder_state *state, ddog_prof_Slice_ValueType sample_types);
+static void initialize_slot_concurrency_control(stack_recorder_state *state);
+static void initialize_profiles(stack_recorder_state *state, ddog_prof_Slice_ValueType sample_types);
 static void stack_recorder_typed_data_free(void *data);
 static VALUE _native_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self);
 static VALUE _native_serialize(VALUE self, VALUE recorder_instance);
 static VALUE ruby_time_from(ddog_Timespec ddprof_time);
 static void *call_serialize_without_gvl(void *call_args);
-static locked_profile_slot sampler_lock_active_profile(struct stack_recorder_state *state);
+static locked_profile_slot sampler_lock_active_profile(stack_recorder_state *state);
 static void sampler_unlock_active_profile(locked_profile_slot active_slot);
-static profile_slot* serializer_flip_active_and_inactive_slots(struct stack_recorder_state *state);
+static profile_slot* serializer_flip_active_and_inactive_slots(stack_recorder_state *state);
 static VALUE _native_active_slot(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_instance);
 static VALUE _native_is_slot_one_mutex_locked(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_instance);
 static VALUE _native_is_slot_two_mutex_locked(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_instance);
 static VALUE test_slot_mutex_state(VALUE recorder_instance, int slot);
 static ddog_Timespec system_epoch_now_timespec(void);
 static VALUE _native_reset_after_fork(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE self, VALUE recorder_instance);
-static void serializer_set_start_timestamp_for_next_profile(struct stack_recorder_state *state, ddog_Timespec start_time);
+static void serializer_set_start_timestamp_for_next_profile(stack_recorder_state *state, ddog_Timespec start_time);
 static VALUE _native_record_endpoint(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_instance, VALUE local_root_span_id, VALUE endpoint);
 static void reset_profile_slot(profile_slot *slot, ddog_Timespec *start_time /* Can be null */);
 static VALUE _native_track_object(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_instance, VALUE new_obj, VALUE weight, VALUE alloc_class);
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t stack_recorder_typed_data = {
 };
 
 static VALUE _native_new(VALUE klass) {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state = ruby_xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct stack_recorder_state));
+  stack_recorder_state *state = ruby_xcalloc(1, sizeof(stack_recorder_state));
 
   // Note: Any exceptions raised from this note until the TypedData_Wrap_Struct call will lead to the state memory
   // being leaked.
@@ -332,29 +332,22 @@ static VALUE _native_new(VALUE klass) {
     .serialization_time_ns_min = INT64_MAX,
   };
 
-  // Note: At this point, slot_one_profile and slot_two_profile contain null pointers. Libdatadog validates pointers
+  // Note: At this point, slot_one_profile/slot_two_profile contain null pointers. Libdatadog validates pointers
   // before using them so it's ok for us to go ahead and create the StackRecorder object.
 
-  // Note: As of this writing, no new Ruby objects get created and stored in the state. If that ever changes, remember
-  // to keep them on the stack and mark them with RB_GC_GUARD -- otherwise it's possible for a GC to run and
-  // since the instance representing the state does not yet exist, such objects will not get marked.
-
   VALUE stack_recorder = TypedData_Wrap_Struct(klass, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
 
-  // NOTE: We initialize this because we want a new recorder to be operational even without initialization and our
+  // NOTE: We initialize this because we want a new recorder to be operational even before #initialize runs and our
   //       default is everything enabled. However, if during recording initialization it turns out we don't want
-  //       heap samples, we will free and reset heap_recorder to NULL, effectively disabling all behaviour specific
-  //       to heap profiling (all calls to heap_recorder_* with a NULL heap recorder are noops).
+  //       heap samples, we will free and reset heap_recorder back to NULL.
   state->heap_recorder = heap_recorder_new();
 
-  // Note: Don't raise exceptions after this point, since it'll lead to libdatadog memory leaking!
-
   initialize_profiles(state, sample_types);
 
   return stack_recorder;
 }
 
-static void initialize_slot_concurrency_control(struct stack_recorder_state *state) {
+static void initialize_slot_concurrency_control(stack_recorder_state *state) {
   state->mutex_slot_one = (pthread_mutex_t) PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
   state->mutex_slot_two = (pthread_mutex_t) PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
 
@@ -364,7 +357,7 @@ static void initialize_slot_concurrency_control(struct stack_recorder_state *sta
   state->active_slot = 1;
 }
 
-static void initialize_profiles(struct stack_recorder_state *state, ddog_prof_Slice_ValueType sample_types) {
+static void initialize_profiles(stack_recorder_state *state, ddog_prof_Slice_ValueType sample_types) {
   ddog_prof_Profile_NewResult slot_one_profile_result =
     ddog_prof_Profile_new(sample_types, NULL /* period is optional */, NULL /* start_time is optional */);
 
@@ -372,26 +365,21 @@ static void initialize_profiles(struct stack_recorder_state *state, ddog_prof_Sl
     rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Failed to initialize slot one profile: %"PRIsVALUE, get_error_details_and_drop(&slot_one_profile_result.err));
   }
 
+  state->profile_slot_one = (profile_slot) { .profile = slot_one_profile_result.ok };
+
   ddog_prof_Profile_NewResult slot_two_profile_result =
     ddog_prof_Profile_new(sample_types, NULL /* period is optional */, NULL /* start_time is optional */);
 
   if (slot_two_profile_result.tag == DDOG_PROF_PROFILE_NEW_RESULT_ERR) {
-    // Uff! Though spot. We need to make sure to properly clean up the other profile as well first
-    ddog_prof_Profile_drop(&slot_one_profile_result.ok);
-    // And now we can raise...
+    // Note: No need to take any special care of slot one, it'll get cleaned up by stack_recorder_typed_data_free
     rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Failed to initialize slot two profile: %"PRIsVALUE, get_error_details_and_drop(&slot_two_profile_result.err));
   }
 
-  state->profile_slot_one = (profile_slot) {
-    .profile = slot_one_profile_result.ok,
-  };
-  state->profile_slot_two = (profile_slot) {
-    .profile = slot_two_profile_result.ok,
-  };
+  state->profile_slot_two = (profile_slot) { .profile = slot_two_profile_result.ok };
 }
 
 static void stack_recorder_typed_data_free(void *state_ptr) {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state = (struct stack_recorder_state *) state_ptr;
+  stack_recorder_state *state = (stack_recorder_state *) state_ptr;
 
   pthread_mutex_destroy(&state->mutex_slot_one);
   ddog_prof_Profile_drop(&state->profile_slot_one.profile);
@@ -426,8 +414,8 @@ static VALUE _native_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _sel
   ENFORCE_BOOLEAN(timeline_enabled);
   ENFORCE_BOOLEAN(heap_clean_after_gc_enabled);
 
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
-  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, struct stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
+  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
 
   state->heap_clean_after_gc_enabled = (heap_clean_after_gc_enabled == Qtrue);
 
@@ -517,8 +505,8 @@ static VALUE _native_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _sel
 }
 
 static VALUE _native_serialize(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_instance) {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
-  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, struct stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
+  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
 
   ddog_Timespec finish_timestamp = system_epoch_now_timespec();
   // Need to do this while still holding on to the Global VM Lock; see comments on method for why
@@ -532,7 +520,7 @@ static VALUE _native_serialize(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_instan
 
   // We'll release the Global VM Lock while we're calling serialize, so that the Ruby VM can continue to work while this
   // is pending
-  struct call_serialize_without_gvl_arguments args = {
+  call_serialize_without_gvl_arguments args = {
     .state = state,
     .finish_timestamp = finish_timestamp,
     .serialize_ran = false
@@ -597,8 +585,8 @@ static VALUE ruby_time_from(ddog_Timespec ddprof_time) {
 }
 
 void record_sample(VALUE recorder_instance, ddog_prof_Slice_Location locations, sample_values values, sample_labels labels) {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
-  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, struct stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
+  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
 
   locked_profile_slot active_slot = sampler_lock_active_profile(state);
 
@@ -651,9 +639,9 @@ void record_sample(VALUE recorder_instance, ddog_prof_Slice_Location locations,
   }
 }
 
-void track_object(VALUE recorder_instance, VALUE new_object, unsigned int sample_weight, ddog_CharSlice *alloc_class) {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
-  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, struct stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
+void track_object(VALUE recorder_instance, VALUE new_object, unsigned int sample_weight, ddog_CharSlice alloc_class) {
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
+  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
   // FIXME: Heap sampling currently has to be done in 2 parts because the construction of locations is happening
   //        very late in the allocation-sampling path (which is shared with the cpu sampling path). This can
   //        be fixed with some refactoring but for now this leads to a less impactful change.
@@ -661,8 +649,8 @@ void track_object(VALUE recorder_instance, VALUE new_object, unsigned int sample
 }
 
 void record_endpoint(VALUE recorder_instance, uint64_t local_root_span_id, ddog_CharSlice endpoint) {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
-  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, struct stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
+  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
 
   locked_profile_slot active_slot = sampler_lock_active_profile(state);
 
@@ -676,8 +664,8 @@ void record_endpoint(VALUE recorder_instance, uint64_t local_root_span_id, ddog_
 }
 
 void recorder_after_gc_step(VALUE recorder_instance) {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
-  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, struct stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
+  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
 
   if (state->heap_clean_after_gc_enabled) heap_recorder_update_young_objects(state->heap_recorder);
 }
@@ -687,7 +675,7 @@ void recorder_after_gc_step(VALUE recorder_instance) {
 // Heap recorder iteration context allows us access to stack recorder state and profile being serialized
 // during iteration of heap recorder live objects.
 typedef struct heap_recorder_iteration_context {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
   profile_slot *slot;
 
   bool error;
@@ -749,7 +737,7 @@ static bool add_heap_sample_to_active_profile_without_gvl(heap_recorder_iteratio
   return true;
 }
 
-static void build_heap_profile_without_gvl(struct stack_recorder_state *state, profile_slot *slot) {
+static void build_heap_profile_without_gvl(stack_recorder_state *state, profile_slot *slot) {
   heap_recorder_iteration_context iteration_context = {
     .state = state,
     .slot = slot,
@@ -770,7 +758,7 @@ static void build_heap_profile_without_gvl(struct stack_recorder_state *state, p
 }
 
 static void *call_serialize_without_gvl(void *call_args) {
-  struct call_serialize_without_gvl_arguments *args = (struct call_serialize_without_gvl_arguments *) call_args;
+  call_serialize_without_gvl_arguments *args = (call_serialize_without_gvl_arguments *) call_args;
 
   long serialize_no_gvl_start_time_ns = monotonic_wall_time_now_ns(DO_NOT_RAISE_ON_FAILURE);
 
@@ -796,7 +784,7 @@ VALUE enforce_recorder_instance(VALUE object) {
   return object;
 }
 
-static locked_profile_slot sampler_lock_active_profile(struct stack_recorder_state *state) {
+static locked_profile_slot sampler_lock_active_profile(stack_recorder_state *state) {
   int error;
 
   for (int attempts = 0; attempts < 2; attempts++) {
@@ -823,7 +811,7 @@ static void sampler_unlock_active_profile(locked_profile_slot active_slot) {
   ENFORCE_SUCCESS_GVL(pthread_mutex_unlock(active_slot.mutex));
 }
 
-static profile_slot* serializer_flip_active_and_inactive_slots(struct stack_recorder_state *state) {
+static profile_slot* serializer_flip_active_and_inactive_slots(stack_recorder_state *state) {
   int previously_active_slot = state->active_slot;
 
   if (previously_active_slot != 1 && previously_active_slot != 2) {
@@ -849,8 +837,8 @@ static profile_slot* serializer_flip_active_and_inactive_slots(struct stack_reco
 // This method exists only to enable testing Datadog::Profiling::StackRecorder behavior using RSpec.
 // It SHOULD NOT be used for other purposes.
 static VALUE _native_active_slot(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_instance) {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
-  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, struct stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
+  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
 
   return INT2NUM(state->active_slot);
 }
@@ -864,8 +852,8 @@ static VALUE _native_is_slot_one_mutex_locked(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE
 static VALUE _native_is_slot_two_mutex_locked(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_instance) { return test_slot_mutex_state(recorder_instance, 2); }
 
 static VALUE test_slot_mutex_state(VALUE recorder_instance, int slot) {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
-  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, struct stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
+  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
 
   pthread_mutex_t *slot_mutex = (slot == 1) ? &state->mutex_slot_one : &state->mutex_slot_two;
 
@@ -895,8 +883,8 @@ static ddog_Timespec system_epoch_now_timespec(void) {
 // Assumption: This method gets called BEFORE restarting profiling -- e.g. there are no components attempting to
 // trigger samples at the same time.
 static VALUE _native_reset_after_fork(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE self, VALUE recorder_instance) {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
-  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, struct stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
+  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
 
   // In case the fork happened halfway through `serializer_flip_active_and_inactive_slots` execution and the
   // resulting state is inconsistent, we make sure to reset it back to the initial state.
@@ -912,7 +900,7 @@ static VALUE _native_reset_after_fork(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE self, VALUE recorder_
 
 // Assumption 1: This method is called with the GVL being held, because `ddog_prof_Profile_reset` mutates the profile and must
 // not be interrupted part-way through by a VM fork.
-static void serializer_set_start_timestamp_for_next_profile(struct stack_recorder_state *state, ddog_Timespec start_time) {
+static void serializer_set_start_timestamp_for_next_profile(stack_recorder_state *state, ddog_Timespec start_time) {
   // Before making this profile active, we reset it so that it uses the correct start_time for its start
   profile_slot *next_profile_slot = (state->active_slot == 1) ? &state->profile_slot_two : &state->profile_slot_one;
   reset_profile_slot(next_profile_slot, &start_time);
@@ -926,8 +914,7 @@ static VALUE _native_record_endpoint(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_
 
 static VALUE _native_track_object(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_instance, VALUE new_obj, VALUE weight, VALUE alloc_class) {
   ENFORCE_TYPE(weight, T_FIXNUM);
-  ddog_CharSlice alloc_class_slice = char_slice_from_ruby_string(alloc_class);
-  track_object(recorder_instance, new_obj, NUM2UINT(weight), &alloc_class_slice);
+  track_object(recorder_instance, new_obj, NUM2UINT(weight), char_slice_from_ruby_string(alloc_class));
   return Qtrue;
 }
 
@@ -972,8 +959,8 @@ static void reset_profile_slot(profile_slot *slot, ddog_Timespec *start_time /*
 // This method exists only to enable testing Datadog::Profiling::StackRecorder behavior using RSpec.
 // It SHOULD NOT be used for other purposes.
 static VALUE _native_start_fake_slow_heap_serialization(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_instance) {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
-  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, struct stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
+  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
 
   heap_recorder_prepare_iteration(state->heap_recorder);
 
@@ -983,8 +970,8 @@ static VALUE _native_start_fake_slow_heap_serialization(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _se
 // This method exists only to enable testing Datadog::Profiling::StackRecorder behavior using RSpec.
 // It SHOULD NOT be used for other purposes.
 static VALUE _native_end_fake_slow_heap_serialization(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_instance) {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
-  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, struct stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
+  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
 
   heap_recorder_finish_iteration(state->heap_recorder);
 
@@ -994,15 +981,15 @@ static VALUE _native_end_fake_slow_heap_serialization(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self
 // This method exists only to enable testing Datadog::Profiling::StackRecorder behavior using RSpec.
 // It SHOULD NOT be used for other purposes.
 static VALUE _native_debug_heap_recorder(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_instance) {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
-  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, struct stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
+  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
 
   return heap_recorder_testonly_debug(state->heap_recorder);
 }
 
 static VALUE _native_stats(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE self, VALUE recorder_instance) {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
-  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, struct stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
+  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
 
   uint64_t total_serializations = state->stats_lifetime.serialization_successes + state->stats_lifetime.serialization_failures;
 
@@ -1040,15 +1027,15 @@ static VALUE build_profile_stats(profile_slot *slot, long serialization_time_ns,
 static VALUE _native_is_object_recorded(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_instance, VALUE obj_id) {
   ENFORCE_TYPE(obj_id, T_FIXNUM);
 
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
-  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, struct stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
+  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
 
   return heap_recorder_testonly_is_object_recorded(state->heap_recorder, obj_id);
 }
 
 static VALUE _native_heap_recorder_reset_last_update(DDTRACE_UNUSED VALUE _self, VALUE recorder_instance) {
-  struct stack_recorder_state *state;
-  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, struct stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
+  stack_recorder_state *state;
+  TypedData_Get_Struct(recorder_instance, stack_recorder_state, &stack_recorder_typed_data, state);
 
   heap_recorder_testonly_reset_last_update(state->heap_recorder);
 

data/ext/datadog_profiling_native_extension/stack_recorder.h

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ typedef struct {
   int64_t timeline_wall_time_ns;
 } sample_values;
 
-typedef struct sample_labels {
+typedef struct {
   ddog_prof_Slice_Label labels;
 
   // This is used to allow the `Collectors::Stack` to modify the existing label, if any. This MUST be NULL or point
@@ -26,6 +26,6 @@ typedef struct sample_labels {
 
 void record_sample(VALUE recorder_instance, ddog_prof_Slice_Location locations, sample_values values, sample_labels labels);
 void record_endpoint(VALUE recorder_instance, uint64_t local_root_span_id, ddog_CharSlice endpoint);
-void track_object(VALUE recorder_instance, VALUE new_object, unsigned int sample_weight, ddog_CharSlice *alloc_class);
+void track_object(VALUE recorder_instance, VALUE new_object, unsigned int sample_weight, ddog_CharSlice alloc_class);
 void recorder_after_gc_step(VALUE recorder_instance);
 VALUE enforce_recorder_instance(VALUE object);

data/ext/datadog_profiling_native_extension/time_helpers.h

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ static inline long system_epoch_time_now_ns(raise_on_failure_setting raise_on_fa
 // https://docs.redhat.com/en/documentation/red_hat_enterprise_linux_for_real_time/7/html/reference_guide/sect-posix_clocks#Using_clock_getres_to_compare_clock_resolution
 // We introduce here a separate type for it, so as to make it harder to misuse/more explicit when these timestamps are used
 
-typedef struct coarse_instant {
+typedef struct {
   long timestamp_ns;
 } coarse_instant;
 

data/ext/datadog_profiling_native_extension/unsafe_api_calls_check.c

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#include <ruby.h>
+#include <ruby/debug.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
+#include "datadog_ruby_common.h"
+#include "unsafe_api_calls_check.h"
+#include "extconf.h"
+
+static bool inside_unsafe_context = false;
+
+#ifndef NO_POSTPONED_TRIGGER
+  static rb_postponed_job_handle_t check_for_unsafe_api_calls_handle;
+#endif
+
+static void check_for_unsafe_api_calls(DDTRACE_UNUSED void *_unused);
+
+void unsafe_api_calls_check_init(void) {
+  #ifndef NO_POSTPONED_TRIGGER
+    int unused_flags = 0;
+
+    check_for_unsafe_api_calls_handle = rb_postponed_job_preregister(unused_flags, check_for_unsafe_api_calls, NULL);
+
+   if (check_for_unsafe_api_calls_handle == POSTPONED_JOB_HANDLE_INVALID) {
+     rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Failed to register check_for_unsafe_api_calls_handle postponed job (got POSTPONED_JOB_HANDLE_INVALID)");
+   }
+  #endif
+}
+
+void debug_enter_unsafe_context(void) {
+  inside_unsafe_context = true;
+
+  #ifndef NO_POSTPONED_TRIGGER
+    rb_postponed_job_trigger(check_for_unsafe_api_calls_handle);
+  #else
+    rb_postponed_job_register(0, check_for_unsafe_api_calls, NULL);
+  #endif
+}
+
+void debug_leave_unsafe_context(void) {
+  inside_unsafe_context = false;
+}
+
+static void check_for_unsafe_api_calls(DDTRACE_UNUSED void *_unused) {
+  if (inside_unsafe_context) rb_bug(
+    "Datadog Ruby profiler detected callback nested inside sample. Please report this at https://github.com/datadog/dd-trace-rb/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#found-a-bug"
+  );
+}

data/ext/datadog_profiling_native_extension/unsafe_api_calls_check.h

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#pragma once
+
+// This checker is used to detect accidental thread scheduling switching points happening during profiling sampling.
+//
+// Specifically, when the profiler is sampling, we're never supposed to call into Ruby code (e.g. methods
+// implemented using Ruby code) or allocate Ruby objects.
+// That's because those events introduce thread switch points, and really we don't the VM switching between threads
+// in the middle of the profiler sampling.
+// This includes raising exceptions, unless we're trying to stop the profiler, and even then we must be careful.
+//
+// The above is especially true in situations such as GC profiling or allocation/heap profiling, as in those situations
+// we can even crash the Ruby VM if we switch away at the wrong time.
+//
+// The below APIs can be used to detect these situations. They work by relying on the following observation:
+// in most (all?) thread switch points, Ruby will check for interrupts and run the postponed jobs.
+//
+// Thus, if we set a flag while we're sampling (inside_unsafe_context), trigger the postponed job, and then only unset
+// the flag after sampling, he correct thing to happen is that the postponed job should never see the flag.
+//
+// If, however, we have a bug and there's a thread switch point, our postponed job will see the flag and immediately
+// stop the Ruby VM before further damage happens (and hopefully giving us a stack trace clearly pointing to the culprit).
+
+void unsafe_api_calls_check_init(void);
+
+// IMPORTANT: This method **MUST** only be called from test code, as it causes an immediate hard-crash on the Ruby VM
+// when it detects a potential issue, and that's not something we want for production apps.
+//
+// In the future we may introduce some kind of setting (off by default) to also allow this to be safely be used
+// in production code if needed.
+void debug_enter_unsafe_context(void);
+void debug_leave_unsafe_context(void);

data/ext/libdatadog_api/crashtracker.c

@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@ static VALUE _native_start_or_update_on_fork(int argc, VALUE *argv, DDTRACE_UNUS
   // Tags and endpoint are heap-allocated, so after here we can't raise exceptions otherwise we'll leak this memory
   // Start of exception-free zone to prevent leaks {{
   ddog_Endpoint *endpoint = ddog_endpoint_from_url(char_slice_from_ruby_string(agent_base_url));
+  if (endpoint == NULL) {
+    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Failed to create endpoint from agent_base_url: %"PRIsVALUE, agent_base_url);
+  }
   ddog_Vec_Tag tags = convert_tags(tags_as_array);
 
   ddog_crasht_Config config = {

data/lib/datadog/appsec/actions_handler.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Datadog
+  module AppSec
+    # this module encapsulates functions for handling actions that libddawf returns
+    module ActionsHandler
+      module_function
+
+      def handle(actions_hash)
+        # handle actions according their precedence
+        # stack and schema generation should be done before we throw an interrupt signal
+        generate_stack(actions_hash['generate_stack']) if actions_hash.key?('generate_stack')
+        generate_schema(actions_hash['generate_schema']) if actions_hash.key?('generate_schema')
+        interrupt_execution(actions_hash['redirect_request']) if actions_hash.key?('redirect_request')
+        interrupt_execution(actions_hash['block_request']) if actions_hash.key?('block_request')
+      end
+
+      def interrupt_execution(action_params)
+        throw(Datadog::AppSec::Ext::INTERRUPT, action_params)
+      end
+
+      def generate_stack(_action_params); end
+
+      def generate_schema(_action_params); end
+    end
+  end
+end