databasedotcom-ejholmes 1.3.2

data/lib/databasedotcom/client.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,547 @@
+require 'net/https'
+require 'json'
+require 'net/http/post/multipart'
+require 'date'
+
+module Databasedotcom
+  # Interface for operating the Force.com REST API
+  class Client
+    # The client id (aka "Consumer Key") to use for OAuth2 authentication
+    attr_accessor :client_id
+    # The client secret (aka "Consumer Secret" to use for OAuth2 authentication)
+    attr_accessor :client_secret
+    # The OAuth access token in use by the client
+    attr_accessor :oauth_token
+    # The OAuth refresh token in use by the client
+    attr_accessor :refresh_token
+    # The base URL to the authenticated user's SalesForce instance
+    attr_accessor :instance_url
+    # If true, print API debugging information to stdout. Defaults to false.
+    attr_accessor :debugging
+    # The host to use for OAuth2 authentication. Defaults to +login.salesforce.com+
+    attr_accessor :host
+    # The API version the client is using. Defaults to 23.0
+    attr_accessor :version
+    # A Module in which to materialize Sobject classes. Defaults to the global module (Object)
+    attr_accessor :sobject_module
+    # The SalesForce user id of the authenticated user
+    attr_reader :user_id
+    # The SalesForce username
+    attr_accessor :username
+    # The SalesForce password
+    attr_accessor :password
+    # The SalesForce organization id for the authenticated user's Salesforce instance
+    attr_reader :org_id
+    # The CA file configured for this instance, if any
+    attr_accessor :ca_file
+    # The SSL verify mode configured for this instance, if any
+    attr_accessor :verify_mode
+
+    # Returns a new client object. _options_ can be one of the following
+    #
+    # * A String containing the name of a YAML file formatted like:
+    #    ---
+    #    client_id: <your_salesforce_client_id>
+    #    client_secret: <your_salesforce_client_secret>
+    #    host: login.salesforce.com
+    #    debugging: true
+    #    version: 23.0
+    #    sobject_module: My::Module
+    #    ca_file: some/ca/file.cert
+    #    verify_mode: OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER
+    # * A Hash containing the following keys:
+    #    client_id
+    #    client_secret
+    #    host
+    #    debugging
+    #    version
+    #    sobject_module
+    #    ca_file
+    #    verify_mode
+    # If the environment variables DATABASEDOTCOM_CLIENT_ID, DATABASEDOTCOM_CLIENT_SECRET, DATABASEDOTCOM_HOST,
+    # DATABASEDOTCOM_DEBUGGING, DATABASEDOTCOM_VERSION, DATABASEDOTCOM_SOBJECT_MODULE, DATABASEDOTCOM_CA_FILE, and/or 
+    # DATABASEDOTCOM_VERIFY_MODE are present, they override any other values provided
+    def initialize(options = {})
+      if options.is_a?(String)
+        @options = YAML.load_file(options)
+        @options["verify_mode"] = @options["verify_mode"].constantize if @options["verify_mode"] && @options["verify_mode"].is_a?(String)
+      else
+        @options = options
+      end
+      @options.symbolize_keys!
+
+      if ENV['DATABASE_COM_URL']
+        url = URI.parse(ENV['DATABASE_COM_URL'])
+        url_options = Hash[url.query.split("&").map{|q| q.split("=")}].symbolize_keys!
+        self.host = url.host
+        self.client_id = url_options[:oauth_key]
+        self.client_secret = url_options[:oauth_secret]
+        self.username = url_options[:user]
+        self.password = url_options[:password]
+      else
+        self.client_id = ENV['DATABASEDOTCOM_CLIENT_ID'] || @options[:client_id]
+        self.client_secret = ENV['DATABASEDOTCOM_CLIENT_SECRET'] || @options[:client_secret]
+        self.host = ENV['DATABASEDOTCOM_HOST'] || @options[:host] || "login.salesforce.com"
+      end
+      
+      self.debugging = ENV['DATABASEDOTCOM_DEBUGGING'] || @options[:debugging]
+      self.version = ENV['DATABASEDOTCOM_VERSION'] || @options[:version]
+      self.version = self.version.to_s if self.version
+      self.sobject_module = ENV['DATABASEDOTCOM_SOBJECT_MODULE'] || @options[:sobject_module]
+      self.ca_file = ENV['DATABASEDOTCOM_CA_FILE'] || @options[:ca_file]
+      self.verify_mode = ENV['DATABASEDOTCOM_VERIFY_MODE'] || @options[:verify_mode]
+      self.verify_mode = self.verify_mode.to_i if self.verify_mode
+  end
+
+    # Authenticate to the Force.com API.  _options_ is a Hash, interpreted as follows:
+    #
+    # * If _options_ contains the keys <tt>:username</tt> and <tt>:password</tt>, those credentials are used to authenticate. In this case, the value of <tt>:password</tt> may need to include a concatenated security token, if required by your Salesforce org
+    # * If _options_ contains the key <tt>:provider</tt>, it is assumed to be the hash returned by Omniauth from a successful web-based OAuth2 authentication
+    # * If _options_ contains the keys <tt>:token</tt> and <tt>:instance_url</tt>, those are assumed to be a valid OAuth2 token and instance URL for a Salesforce account, obtained from an external source. _options_ may also optionally contain the key <tt>:refresh_token</tt>
+    #
+    # Raises SalesForceError if an error occurs
+    def authenticate(options = nil)
+      if user_and_pass?(options)
+        req = https_request(self.host)
+        user = self.username || options[:username]
+        pass = self.password || options[:password]
+        path = encode_path_with_params('/services/oauth2/token', :grant_type => 'password', :client_id => self.client_id, :client_secret => self.client_secret, :username => user, :password => pass)
+        log_request("https://#{self.host}/#{path}")
+        result = req.post(path, "")
+        log_response(result)
+        raise SalesForceError.new(result) unless result.is_a?(Net::HTTPOK)
+        self.username = user
+        self.password = pass
+        parse_auth_response(result.body)
+      elsif options.is_a?(Hash)
+        if options.has_key?("provider")
+          parse_user_id_and_org_id_from_identity_url(options["uid"])
+          self.instance_url = options["credentials"]["instance_url"]
+          self.oauth_token = options["credentials"]["token"]
+          self.refresh_token = options["credentials"]["refresh_token"]
+        else
+          raise ArgumentError unless options.has_key?(:token) && options.has_key?(:instance_url)
+          self.instance_url = options[:instance_url]
+          self.oauth_token = options[:token]
+          self.refresh_token = options[:refresh_token]
+        end
+      end
+
+      self.version = "22.0" unless self.version
+
+      self.oauth_token
+    end
+
+    # The SalesForce organization id for the authenticated user's Salesforce instance
+    def org_id
+      @org_id ||= query_org_id # lazy query org_id when not set by login response
+    end
+
+    # Returns an Array of Strings listing the class names for every type of _Sobject_ in the database. Raises SalesForceError if an error occurs.
+    def list_sobjects
+      result = http_get("/services/data/v#{self.version}/sobjects")
+      if result.is_a?(Net::HTTPOK)
+        JSON.parse(result.body)["sobjects"].collect { |sobject| sobject["name"] }
+      elsif result.is_a?(Net::HTTPBadRequest)
+        raise SalesForceError.new(result)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Dynamically defines classes for Force.com class names.  _classnames_ can be a single String or an Array of Strings.  Returns the class or Array of classes defined.
+    #
+    #    client.materialize("Contact") #=> Contact
+    #    client.materialize(%w(Contact Company)) #=> [Contact, Company]
+    #
+    # The classes defined by materialize derive from Sobject, and have getters and setters defined for all the attributes defined by the associated Force.com Sobject.
+    def materialize(classnames)
+      classes = (classnames.is_a?(Array) ? classnames : [classnames]).collect do |clazz|
+        original_classname = clazz
+        clazz = original_classname[0,1].capitalize + original_classname[1..-1]
+        unless const_defined_in_module(module_namespace, clazz)
+          new_class = module_namespace.const_set(clazz, Class.new(Databasedotcom::Sobject::Sobject))
+          new_class.client = self
+          new_class.materialize(original_classname)
+          new_class
+        else
+          module_namespace.const_get(clazz)
+        end
+      end
+
+      classes.length == 1 ? classes.first : classes
+    end
+
+    # Returns an Array of Hashes listing the properties for every type of _Sobject_ in the database. Raises SalesForceError if an error occurs.
+    def describe_sobjects
+      result = http_get("/services/data/v#{self.version}/sobjects")
+      JSON.parse(result.body)["sobjects"]
+    end
+
+    # Returns a description of the Sobject specified by _class_name_. The description includes all fields and their properties for the Sobject.
+    def describe_sobject(class_name)
+      result = http_get("/services/data/v#{self.version}/sobjects/#{class_name}/describe")
+      JSON.parse(result.body)
+    end
+
+    # Returns an instance of the Sobject specified by _class_or_classname_ (which can be either a String or a Class) populated with the values of the Force.com record specified by _record_id_.
+    # If given a Class that is not defined, it will attempt to materialize the class on demand.
+    #
+    #    client.find(Account, "recordid") #=> #<Account @Id="recordid", ...>
+    def find(class_or_classname, record_id)
+      class_or_classname = find_or_materialize(class_or_classname)
+      result = http_get("/services/data/v#{self.version}/sobjects/#{class_or_classname.sobject_name}/#{record_id}")
+      response = JSON.parse(result.body)
+      new_record = class_or_classname.new
+      class_or_classname.description["fields"].each do |field|
+        set_value(new_record, field["name"], response[key_from_label(field["label"])] || response[field["name"]], field["type"])
+      end
+      new_record
+    end
+
+    # Returns a Collection of Sobjects of the class specified in the _soql_expr_, which is a valid SOQL[http://www.salesforce.com/us/developer/docs/api/Content/sforce_api_calls_soql.htm] expression. The objects will only be populated with the values of attributes specified in the query.
+    #
+    #    client.query("SELECT Name FROM Account") #=> [#<Account @Id=nil, @Name="Foo", ...>, #<Account @Id=nil, @Name="Bar", ...> ...]
+    def query(soql_expr)
+      result = http_get("/services/data/v#{self.version}/query", :q => soql_expr)
+      collection_from(result.body)
+    end
+
+    # Returns a Collection of Sobject instances form the results of the SOSL[http://www.salesforce.com/us/developer/docs/api/Content/sforce_api_calls_sosl.htm] search.
+    #
+    #    client.search("FIND {bar}") #=> [#<Account @Name="foobar", ...>, #<Account @Name="barfoo", ...> ...]
+    def search(sosl_expr)
+      result = http_get("/services/data/v#{self.version}/search", :q => sosl_expr)
+      collection_from(result.body)
+    end
+
+    # Used by Collection objects. Returns a Collection of Sobjects from the specified URL path that represents the next page of paginated results.
+    def next_page(path)
+      result = http_get(path)
+      collection_from(result.body)
+    end
+
+    # Used by Collection objects. Returns a Collection of Sobjects from the specified URL path that represents the previous page of paginated results.
+    def previous_page(path)
+      result = http_get(path)
+      collection_from(result.body)
+    end
+
+    # Returns a new instance of _class_or_classname_ (which can be passed in as either a String or a Class) with the specified attributes.
+    #
+    #    client.create("Car", {"Color" => "Blue", "Year" => "2011"}) #=> #<Car @Id="recordid", @Color="Blue", @Year="2011">
+    def create(class_or_classname, object_attrs)
+      class_or_classname = find_or_materialize(class_or_classname)
+      json_for_assignment = coerced_json(object_attrs, class_or_classname)
+      result = http_post("/services/data/v#{self.version}/sobjects/#{class_or_classname.sobject_name}", json_for_assignment)
+      new_object = class_or_classname.new
+      JSON.parse(json_for_assignment).each do |property, value|
+        set_value(new_object, property, value, class_or_classname.type_map[property][:type])
+      end
+      id = JSON.parse(result.body)["id"]
+      set_value(new_object, "Id", id, "id")
+      new_object
+    end
+
+    # Updates the attributes of the record of type _class_or_classname_ and specified by _record_id_ with the values of _new_attrs_ in the Force.com database. _new_attrs_ is a hash of attribute => value
+    #
+    #    client.update("Car", "rid", {"Color" => "Red"})
+    def update(class_or_classname, record_id, new_attrs)
+      class_or_classname = find_or_materialize(class_or_classname)
+      json_for_update = coerced_json(new_attrs, class_or_classname)
+      http_patch("/services/data/v#{self.version}/sobjects/#{class_or_classname.sobject_name}/#{record_id}", json_for_update)
+    end
+
+    # Attempts to find the record on Force.com of type _class_or_classname_ with attribute _field_ set as _value_. If found, it will update the record with the _attrs_ hash.
+    # If not found, it will create a new record with _attrs_.
+    #
+    #    client.upsert(Car, "Color", "Blue", {"Year" => "2012"})
+    def upsert(class_or_classname, field, value, attrs)
+      clazz = find_or_materialize(class_or_classname)
+      json_for_update = coerced_json(attrs, clazz)
+      http_patch("/services/data/v#{self.version}/sobjects/#{clazz.sobject_name}/#{field}/#{value}", json_for_update)
+    end
+
+    # Deletes the record of type _class_or_classname_ with id of _record_id_. _class_or_classname_ can be a String or a Class.
+    #
+    #    client.delete(Car, "rid")
+    def delete(class_or_classname, record_id)
+      clazz = find_or_materialize(class_or_classname)
+      http_delete("/services/data/v#{self.version}/sobjects/#{clazz.sobject_name}/#{record_id}")
+    end
+
+    # Returns a Collection of recently touched items. The Collection contains Sobject instances that are fully populated with their correct values.
+    def recent
+      result = http_get("/services/data/v#{self.version}/recent")
+      collection_from(result.body)
+    end
+
+    # Returns an array of trending topic names.
+    def trending_topics
+      result = http_get("/services/data/v#{self.version}/chatter/topics/trending")
+      result = JSON.parse(result.body)
+      result["topics"].collect { |topic| topic["name"] }
+    end
+
+    # Performs an HTTP GET request to the specified path (relative to self.instance_url).  Query parameters are included from _parameters_.  The required
+    # +Authorization+ header is automatically included, as are any additional headers specified in _headers_.  Returns the HTTPResult if it is of type
+    # HTTPSuccess- raises SalesForceError otherwise.
+    def http_get(path, parameters={}, headers={})
+      with_encoded_path_and_checked_response(path, parameters) do |encoded_path|
+        https_request.get(encoded_path, {"Authorization" => "OAuth #{self.oauth_token}"}.merge(headers))
+      end
+    end
+
+
+    # Performs an HTTP DELETE request to the specified path (relative to self.instance_url).  Query parameters are included from _parameters_.  The required
+    # +Authorization+ header is automatically included, as are any additional headers specified in _headers_.  Returns the HTTPResult if it is of type
+    # HTTPSuccess- raises SalesForceError otherwise.
+    def http_delete(path, parameters={}, headers={})
+      with_encoded_path_and_checked_response(path, parameters, {:expected_result_class => Net::HTTPNoContent}) do |encoded_path|
+        https_request.delete(encoded_path, {"Authorization" => "OAuth #{self.oauth_token}"}.merge(headers))
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Performs an HTTP POST request to the specified path (relative to self.instance_url).  The body of the request is taken from _data_.
+    # Query parameters are included from _parameters_.  The required +Authorization+ header is automatically included, as are any additional
+    # headers specified in _headers_.  Returns the HTTPResult if it is of type HTTPSuccess- raises SalesForceError otherwise.
+    def http_post(path, data=nil, parameters={}, headers={})
+      with_encoded_path_and_checked_response(path, parameters, {:data => data}) do |encoded_path|
+        https_request.post(encoded_path, data, {"Content-Type" => data ? "application/json" : "text/plain", "Authorization" => "OAuth #{self.oauth_token}"}.merge(headers))
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Performs an HTTP PATCH request to the specified path (relative to self.instance_url).  The body of the request is taken from _data_.
+    # Query parameters are included from _parameters_.  The required +Authorization+ header is automatically included, as are any additional
+    # headers specified in _headers_.  Returns the HTTPResult if it is of type HTTPSuccess- raises SalesForceError otherwise.
+    def http_patch(path, data=nil, parameters={}, headers={})
+      with_encoded_path_and_checked_response(path, parameters, {:data => data}) do |encoded_path|
+        https_request.send_request("PATCH", encoded_path, data, {"Content-Type" => data ? "application/json" : "text/plain", "Authorization" => "OAuth #{self.oauth_token}"}.merge(headers))
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Performs an HTTP POST request to the specified path (relative to self.instance_url), using Content-Type multiplart/form-data.
+    # The parts of the body of the request are taken from parts_. Query parameters are included from _parameters_.  The required
+    # +Authorization+ header is automatically included, as are any additional headers specified in _headers_.
+    # Returns the HTTPResult if it is of type HTTPSuccess- raises SalesForceError otherwise.
+    def http_multipart_post(path, parts, parameters={}, headers={})
+      with_encoded_path_and_checked_response(path, parameters) do |encoded_path|
+        https_request.request(Net::HTTP::Post::Multipart.new(encoded_path, parts, {"Authorization" => "OAuth #{self.oauth_token}"}.merge(headers)))
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def with_encoded_path_and_checked_response(path, parameters, options = {})
+      ensure_expected_response(options[:expected_result_class]) do
+        with_logging(encode_path_with_params(path, parameters), options) do |encoded_path|
+          yield(encoded_path)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def with_logging(encoded_path, options)
+      log_request(encoded_path, options)
+      response = yield encoded_path
+      log_response(response)
+      response
+    end
+
+    def ensure_expected_response(expected_result_class)
+      response = yield
+
+      unless response.is_a?(expected_result_class || Net::HTTPSuccess)
+        if response.is_a?(Net::HTTPUnauthorized)
+          if self.refresh_token
+            response = with_encoded_path_and_checked_response("/services/oauth2/token", { :grant_type => "refresh_token", :refresh_token => self.refresh_token, :client_id => self.client_id, :client_secret => self.client_secret}, :host => self.host) do |encoded_path|
+              response = https_request(self.host).post(encoded_path, nil)
+              if response.is_a?(Net::HTTPOK)
+                parse_auth_response(response.body)
+              end
+              response
+            end
+          elsif self.username && self.password
+            response = with_encoded_path_and_checked_response("/services/oauth2/token", { :grant_type => "password", :username => self.username, :password => self.password, :client_id => self.client_id, :client_secret => self.client_secret}, :host => self.host) do |encoded_path|
+              response = https_request(self.host).post(encoded_path, nil)
+              if response.is_a?(Net::HTTPOK)
+                parse_auth_response(response.body)
+              end
+              response
+            end
+          end
+
+          if response.is_a?(Net::HTTPSuccess)
+            response = yield
+          end
+        end
+
+        raise SalesForceError.new(response) unless response.is_a?(expected_result_class ||  Net::HTTPSuccess)
+      end
+
+      response
+    end
+
+    def https_request(host=nil)
+      Net::HTTP.new(host || URI.parse(self.instance_url).host, 443).tap do |http| 
+        http.use_ssl = true 
+        http.ca_file = self.ca_file if self.ca_file
+        http.verify_mode = self.verify_mode if self.verify_mode
+      end
+    end
+
+    def encode_path_with_params(path, parameters={})
+      [URI.escape(path), encode_parameters(parameters)].reject{|el| el.empty?}.join('?')
+    end
+
+    def encode_parameters(parameters={})
+      (parameters || {}).collect { |k, v| "#{uri_escape(k)}=#{uri_escape(v)}" }.join('&')
+    end
+
+    def log_request(path, options={})
+      base_url = options[:host] ? "https://#{options[:host]}" : self.instance_url
+      puts "***** REQUEST: #{path.include?(':') ? path : URI.join(base_url, path)}#{options[:data] ? " => #{options[:data]}" : ''}" if self.debugging
+    end
+
+    def uri_escape(str)
+      URI.escape(str.to_s, Regexp.new("[^#{URI::PATTERN::UNRESERVED}]"))
+    end
+
+    def log_response(result)
+      puts "***** RESPONSE: #{result.class.name} -> #{result.body}" if self.debugging
+    end
+
+    def find_or_materialize(class_or_classname)
+      if class_or_classname.is_a?(Class)
+        clazz = class_or_classname
+      else
+        match = class_or_classname.match(/(?:(.+)::)?(\w+)$/)
+        preceding_namespace = match[1]
+        classname = match[2]
+        raise ArgumentError if preceding_namespace && preceding_namespace != module_namespace.name
+        clazz = module_namespace.const_get(classname.to_sym) rescue nil
+        clazz ||= self.materialize(classname)
+      end
+      clazz
+    end
+
+    def module_namespace
+      _module = self.sobject_module
+      _module = _module.constantize if _module.is_a? String
+      _module || Object
+    end
+
+    def collection_from(response)
+      response = JSON.parse(response)
+      collection_from_hash( response )
+    end
+
+    # Converts a Hash of object data into a concrete SObject
+    def record_from_hash(data)
+      attributes = data.delete('attributes')
+      new_record = find_or_materialize(attributes["type"]).new
+      data.each do |name, value|
+        field = new_record.description['fields'].find do |field|
+          key_from_label(field["label"]) == name || field["name"] == name || field["relationshipName"] == name
+        end
+
+        # Field not found
+        if field == nil
+          break
+        end
+
+        # If reference/lookup field data was fetched, recursively build the child record and apply
+        if value.is_a?(Hash) and field['type'] == 'reference' and field["relationshipName"]
+          relation = record_from_hash( value )
+          set_value( new_record, field["relationshipName"], relation, 'reference' )
+
+        # Apply the raw value for all other field types
+        else
+          set_value(new_record, field["name"], value, field["type"]) if field
+        end
+      end
+      new_record
+    end
+
+    def collection_from_hash(data)
+      array_response = data.is_a?(Array)
+      if array_response
+        records = data.collect { |rec| self.find(rec["attributes"]["type"], rec["Id"]) }
+      else
+        records = data["records"].collect do |record|
+          record_from_hash( record )
+        end
+      end
+
+      Databasedotcom::Collection.new(self, array_response ? records.length : data["totalSize"], array_response ? nil : data["nextRecordsUrl"]).concat(records)
+    end
+
+    def set_value(record, attr, value, attr_type)
+      value_to_set = value
+
+      case attr_type
+        when "datetime"
+          value_to_set = DateTime.parse(value) rescue nil
+
+        when "date"
+          value_to_set = Date.parse(value) rescue nil
+
+        when "multipicklist"
+          value_to_set = value.split(";") rescue []
+      end
+
+      record.send("#{attr}=", value_to_set)
+    end
+
+    def coerced_json(attrs, clazz)
+      if attrs.is_a?(Hash)
+        coerced_attrs = {}
+        attrs.keys.each do |key|
+          case clazz.field_type(key)
+            when "multipicklist"
+              coerced_attrs[key] = (attrs[key] || []).join(';')
+            when "datetime"
+              coerced_attrs[key] = attrs[key] ? attrs[key].strftime(RUBY_VERSION.match(/^1.8/) ? "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.000%z" : "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%L%z") : nil
+            when "date"
+              if attrs[key]
+                coerced_attrs[key] = attrs[key].respond_to?(:strftime) ? attrs[key].strftime("%Y-%m-%d") : attrs[key]
+              else
+                coerced_attrs[key] = nil
+              end
+            else
+              coerced_attrs[key] = attrs[key]
+          end
+        end
+        coerced_attrs.to_json
+      else
+        attrs
+      end
+    end
+
+    def key_from_label(label)
+      label.gsub(' ', '_')
+    end
+
+    def user_and_pass?(options)
+      (self.username && self.password) || (options && options[:username] && options[:password])
+    end
+
+    def parse_user_id_and_org_id_from_identity_url(identity_url)
+      m = identity_url.match(/\/id\/([^\/]+)\/([^\/]+)$/)
+      @org_id = m[1] rescue nil
+      @user_id = m[2] rescue nil
+    end
+
+    def parse_auth_response(body)
+      json = JSON.parse(body)
+      parse_user_id_and_org_id_from_identity_url(json["id"])
+      self.instance_url = json["instance_url"]
+      self.oauth_token = json["access_token"]
+    end
+
+    def query_org_id
+      query("select id from Organization")[0]["Id"]
+    end
+
+    def const_defined_in_module(mod, const)
+      mod.method(:const_defined?).arity == 1 ? mod.const_defined?(const) : mod.const_defined?(const, false)
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/databasedotcom/collection.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+module Databasedotcom
+  # A collection of Sobject or Record objects that holds a single page of results, and understands how to
+  # retrieve the next page, if any. Inherits from Array, thus, behaves as an Enumerable.
+
+  class Collection < Array
+    attr_reader :total_size, :next_page_url, :previous_page_url, :current_page_url, :client
+
+    # Creates a paginatable collection. You should never need to call this.
+    def initialize(client, total_size, next_page_url=nil, previous_page_url=nil, current_page_url=nil) #:nodoc:
+      @client = client
+      @total_size = total_size
+      @next_page_url = next_page_url
+      @previous_page_url = previous_page_url
+      @current_page_url = current_page_url
+    end
+
+    # Does this collection have a next page?
+    def next_page?
+      !!self.next_page_url
+    end
+
+    # Retrieve the next page of this collection.  Returns the new collection, which is an empty collection if no next page exists
+    def next_page
+      self.next_page? ? @client.next_page(@next_page_url) : Databasedotcom::Collection.new(self.client, 0)
+    end
+
+    # Does this collection have a previous page?
+    def previous_page?
+      !!self.previous_page_url
+    end
+
+    # Retrieve the previous page of this collection. Returns the new collection, which is an empty collection if no previous page exists
+    def previous_page
+      self.previous_page? ? @client.previous_page(@previous_page_url) : Databasedotcom::Collection.new(self.client, 0)
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/databasedotcom/core_extensions/class_extensions.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# This extends Class to be able to use +cattr_accessor+ if active_support is not being used.
+class Class
+  unless respond_to?(:cattr_reader)
+    def cattr_reader(sym)
+      class_eval(<<-EOS, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1)
+        unless defined? @@#{sym}
+          @@#{sym} = nil
+        end
+
+        def self.#{sym}
+          @@#{sym}
+        end
+
+        def #{sym}
+          @@#{sym}
+        end
+      EOS
+    end
+
+    def cattr_writer(sym)
+      class_eval(<<-EOS, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1)
+        unless defined? @@#{sym}
+          @@#{sym} = nil
+        end
+
+        def self.#{sym}=(obj)
+          @@#{sym} = obj
+        end
+
+        def #{sym}=(obj)
+          @@#{sym} = obj
+        end
+      EOS
+    end
+
+    def cattr_accessor(*syms, &blk)
+      cattr_reader(*syms)
+      cattr_writer(*syms, &blk)
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/databasedotcom/core_extensions/hash_extensions.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+class Hash
+  def symbolize_keys!
+    keys.each do |key|
+      self[(key.to_sym rescue key) || key] = delete(key)
+    end
+    self
+  end
+end

data/lib/databasedotcom/core_extensions/string_extensions.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# This extends String to add the +resourcerize+ method.
+class String
+
+  # Dasherizes and downcases a camelcased string. Used for Feed types.
+  def resourcerize
+    self.gsub(/([a-z])([A-Z])/, '\1-\2').downcase
+  end
+
+def constantize
+    unless /\A(?:::)?([A-Z]\w*(?:::[A-Z]\w*)*)\z/ =~ self
+      raise NameError, "#{self.inspect} is not a valid constant name!"
+    end
+    Object.module_eval("::#{$1}", __FILE__, __LINE__)
+  end
+
+end

data/lib/databasedotcom/core_extensions.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+require 'databasedotcom/core_extensions/class_extensions'
+require 'databasedotcom/core_extensions/string_extensions'
+require 'databasedotcom/core_extensions/hash_extensions'

data/lib/databasedotcom/sales_force_error.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+module Databasedotcom
+  # An exception raised when any non successful request is made to Force.com.
+  class SalesForceError < StandardError
+    # the Net::HTTPResponse from the API call
+    attr_accessor :response
+    # the +errorCode+ from the server response body
+    attr_accessor :error_code
+
+    def initialize(response)
+      self.response = response
+      parsed_body = JSON.parse(response.body) rescue nil
+      if parsed_body
+        if parsed_body.is_a?(Array)
+          message = parsed_body[0]["message"]
+          self.error_code = parsed_body[0]["errorCode"]
+        else
+          message = parsed_body["error_description"]
+          self.error_code = parsed_body["error"]
+        end
+      else
+        message = response.body
+      end
+      super(message)
+    end
+  end
+end