crypto-lite 0.0.1 → 0.2.3
This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
- checksums.yaml +4 -4
- data/Manifest.txt +7 -0
- data/README.md +491 -0
- data/Rakefile +5 -1
- data/lib/crypto-lite.rb +113 -48
- data/lib/crypto-lite/config.rb +32 -0
- data/lib/crypto-lite/helper.rb +25 -0
- data/lib/crypto-lite/metal.rb +128 -0
- data/lib/crypto-lite/sign_rsa.rb +29 -0
- data/lib/crypto-lite/version.rb +2 -2
- data/test/test_base58.rb +36 -0
- data/test/test_bitcoin_addr.rb +58 -0
- data/test/test_hash.rb +24 -55
- data/test/test_hash_sha.rb +87 -0
- metadata +55 -6
checksums.yaml
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---
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SHA256:
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metadata.gz:
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data.tar.gz:
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metadata.gz: 7326c07c1553f4f15d79ddbfa19df2ad5dd04bb18e769ccbf564ee521aa97405
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data.tar.gz: 9602382da425f288147cc4a1a9e5f0fc373dc9f8838204886c990a9e4b611be6
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SHA512:
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metadata.gz:
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data.tar.gz:
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metadata.gz: 8b607671748a9035dce0b505ec757397416f2a70193e8d5890a90815bba03bbeff874ec878462b950427a372657889344f16b04c8349286165a70a61fd48fa86
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data.tar.gz: bc6ad174e2d5fe8c0b75853bd66e7b69ee963024c33f797b9043a836cbe25fee7b5ada35c2c5c144fc5dad93b80859de4e9b3fb09fe34b5390c0a58b654c7363
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data/Manifest.txt
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README.md
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Rakefile
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lib/crypto-lite.rb
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lib/crypto-lite/config.rb
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lib/crypto-lite/helper.rb
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lib/crypto-lite/metal.rb
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lib/crypto-lite/sign_rsa.rb
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lib/crypto-lite/version.rb
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lib/crypto.rb
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lib/crypto/lite.rb
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test/helper.rb
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test/test_base58.rb
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test/test_bitcoin_addr.rb
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test/test_hash.rb
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test/test_hash_sha.rb
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test/test_version.rb
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data/README.md
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* home :: [github.com/rubycoco/blockchain](https://github.com/rubycoco/blockchain)
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* bugs :: [github.com/rubycoco/blockchain/issues](https://github.com/rubycoco/blockchain/issues)
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* gem :: [rubygems.org/gems/crypto-lite](https://rubygems.org/gems/crypto-lite)
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* rdoc :: [rubydoc.info/gems/crypto-lite](http://rubydoc.info/gems/crypto-lite)
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## Usage
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### Secure Hashing / Hash Functions
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**SHA256 - Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) 256-Bit (32 Bytes)**
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``` ruby
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require 'crypto' ## or use require 'crypto-lite'
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## try abc
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sha256( "abc" ) #=> "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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sha256( "abc".b ) #=> "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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sha256( "\x61\x62\x63" ) #=> "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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sha256( 0x616263 ) #=> "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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sha256( hex: '616263' ) #=> "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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sha256( hex: '0x616263' ) #=> "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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sha256( hex: '0X616263' ) #=> "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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# "auto-magic" hex string to binary string conversion heuristic
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sha256( '0x616263' ) #=> "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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sha256( '0X616263' ) #=> "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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```
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Bonus Back Stage Tip: How does SHA256 work?
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Try this [amazing animation of the SHA256 hash function in your very own terminal](https://github.com/in3rsha/sha256-animation) by Greg Walker.
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Onwards with more sha256 examples:
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``` ruby
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## try a
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sha256( "a" ) #=> "ca978112ca1bbdcafac231b39a23dc4da786eff8147c4e72b9807785afee48bb"
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sha256( "\x61" ) #=> "ca978112ca1bbdcafac231b39a23dc4da786eff8147c4e72b9807785afee48bb"
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sha256( 0b01100001 ) #=> "ca978112ca1bbdcafac231b39a23dc4da786eff8147c4e72b9807785afee48bb"
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sha256( 0x61 ) #=> "ca978112ca1bbdcafac231b39a23dc4da786eff8147c4e72b9807785afee48bb"
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sha256( hex: '61' ) #=> "ca978112ca1bbdcafac231b39a23dc4da786eff8147c4e72b9807785afee48bb"
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sha256( hex: '0x61' ) #=> "ca978112ca1bbdcafac231b39a23dc4da786eff8147c4e72b9807785afee48bb"
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# "auto-magic" hex string to binary string conversion heuristic
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sha256( '0x61' ) #=> "ca978112ca1bbdcafac231b39a23dc4da786eff8147c4e72b9807785afee48bb"
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## try some more
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sha256( "Hello, Cryptos!" ) #=> "33eedea60b0662c66c289ceba71863a864cf84b00e10002ca1069bf58f9362d5"
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```
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**SHA3-256 - Secure Hashing Algorthim (SHA) 3, 256-Bit (32 Bytes)**
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``` ruby
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sha3_256( "Hello, Cryptos!" ) #=> "7dddf4bc9b86352b67e8823e5010ddbd2a90a854469e2517992ca7ca89e5bd58"
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```
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Note: Yes, SHA256 vs SHA3-256 / SHA-2 vs SHA-3 the hashing functions are
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different (although the 256-bit hash size output is the same).
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The sha256 hashing function is part of the Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) 2 family / standards first published in 2001.
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The sha3_256 is part of the (newer) Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) 3 family / standards first published in 2015
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(and uses the Keccak cryptographic primitive "under the hood").
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**Keccak 256-Bit**
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``` ruby
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keccak256( "Hello, Cryptos!" ) #=> "2cf14baa817e931f5cc2dcb63c889619d6b7ae0794fc2223ebadf8e672c776f5"
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```
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#### Aside - Keccak vs SHA3 / Original vs Official
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In 2004 the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
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changed the padding to `SHA3-256(M) = KECCAK [512] (M || 01, 256)`.
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This is different from the padding proposed by the Keccak team in
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the original Keccak SHA-3 submission version 3 (the final, winning version).
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The difference is the additional `'01'` bits appended to the message.
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To help avoid confusion the "submitted original version 3" SHA-3 Keccak
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hashing is now called "Keccak"
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and the finalized NIST SHA-3 standard "SHA3".
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Tip: If you don't know what variant of the hash function you have -
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original or official? - check your hash:
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For keccak 256-bit:
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``` ruby
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keccak256( '' ) #=> "c5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a470"
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```
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For sha3 256-bit:
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``` ruby
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sha3_256( '' ) #=> "a7ffc6f8bf1ed76651c14756a061d662f580ff4de43b49fa82d80a4b80f8434a"
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```
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**RMD / RIPE-MD - RACE¹ Integrity Primitives Evaluation Message Digest 160-Bit**
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¹: Research and development in Advanced Communications technologies in Europe
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``` ruby
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rmd160( "Hello, Cryptos!" ) #=>"4d65f7b740bbade4097e1348e15d2a7d52ac5f53"
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# or use the alias / alternate name
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ripemd160( "Hello, Cryptos!" ) #=>"4d65f7b740bbade4097e1348e15d2a7d52ac5f53"
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```
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#### Aside - Hex String `"0x616263"` vs Binary String `"\x61\x62\x63" == "abc"`
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Note: All hash functions operate on binary strings ("byte arrays")
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and NOT hex strings.
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Note: For hex strings the `0x` or `0X` prefix is optional.
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Examples of hex strings:
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``` ruby
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# hex string binary string ("byte array")
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"61" "\x61" == "a"
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"0x61" "\x61" == "a"
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"616263" "\x61\x62\x63" == "abc"
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"0x616263" "\x61\x62\x63" == "abc"
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"0X616263" "\x61\x62\x63" == "abc"
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# or 160-bit hex string (hash)
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"93ce48570b55c42c2af816aeaba06cfee1224fae"
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"0x93ce48570b55c42c2af816aeaba06cfee1224fae"
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# or 256-bit hex string (hash)
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"ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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"0xba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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```
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You can use `[str].pack( 'H*' )`
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to convert a hex string into a binary string.
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Note: The standard `Array#pack` conversion
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will NOT "auto-magically" cut-off the `0x` or `0X` prefix.
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If you know you have a hex string use the `hex:` keyword to pass
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in the arg(ument)
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to the hash function and that will "automagically"
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handle the hex-to-bin conversion for you. Example:
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``` ruby
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sha256( hex: '61' ) #=> "ca978112ca1bbdcafac231b39a23dc4da786eff8147c4e72b9807785afee48bb"
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sha256( hex: '0x61' ) #=> "ca978112ca1bbdcafac231b39a23dc4da786eff8147c4e72b9807785afee48bb"
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sha256( hex: '616263' ) #=> "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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sha256( hex: '0x616263' ) #=> "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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sha256( hex: '0X616263' ) #=> "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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```
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What about the built-in "auto-magic" hex-to-bin conversion / heuristic?
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Yes, if your passed in string starts with the
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the `0x` or `0X` prefix the string gets "auto-magically" converted
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to binary. Or if your passed in string is all hexadecimal characters,
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that is, `0-9` and `a-f` and has a minimum length of ten characters.
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Example:
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``` ruby
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# "auto-magic" hex string to binary string conversion heuristic
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sha256( '0x616263' ) #=> "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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sha256( '0X616263' ) #=> "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
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# or without 0x or 0X BUT with minimum heuristic length
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hash160( '02b4632d08485ff1df2db55b9dafd23347d1c47a457072a1e87be26896549a8737' )
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#=> "93ce48570b55c42c2af816aeaba06cfee1224fae"
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hash256( '6fe6b145a3908a4d6616b13c1109717add8672c900' )
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#=> "02335f08b8fe4ddad263a50b7a33c5d38ea1cbd8fd2056a1320a3ddece541711"
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# and so on
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```
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#### Hash Function Helpers
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**HASH160 - RMD160(SHA256(X))**
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All-in-one "best-of-both-worlds" helper - first hash with sha256 and than hash with rmd160. Why? Get the higher security of sha256 and the smaller size of rmd160.
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``` ruby
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hash160( '02b9d1cc0b793b03b9f64d022e9c67d5f32670b03f636abf0b3147b34123d13990' )
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#=> "e6b145a3908a4d6616b13c1109717add8672c900"
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hash160( '02b4632d08485ff1df2db55b9dafd23347d1c47a457072a1e87be26896549a8737' )
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#=> "93ce48570b55c42c2af816aeaba06cfee1224fae"
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```
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**HASH256 - SHA256(SHA256(X))**
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All-in-one double sha256 hash helper, that is, first hash with sha256 and than hash with sha256 again. Why? Arguably higher security.
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> SHA256(SHA256(X)) was proposed by Ferguson and Schneier in their excellent book "Practical Cryptography"
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> (later updated by Ferguson, Schneier, and Kohno and renamed "Cryptography Engineering") as a way to make SHA256 invulnerable
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> to "length-extension" attack. They called it "SHA256D".
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``` ruby
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hash256( '6fe6b145a3908a4d6616b13c1109717add8672c900' )
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#=> "02335f08b8fe4ddad263a50b7a33c5d38ea1cbd8fd2056a1320a3ddece541711"
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```
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#### Base58 Encoding / Decoding Helpers
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**BASE58**
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Base58 encoding / decoding with leading zero bytes (in hex or binary strings) getting encoded from `00` to `1` and back:
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``` ruby
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base58( "516b6fcd0f" ) #=> "ABnLTmg"
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base58( "00000000000000000000123456789abcdef0" ) #=> "111111111143c9JGph3DZ"
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# or with optional 0x or 0X prefix
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base58( "0x516b6fcd0f" ) #=> "ABnLTmg"
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base58( "0x00000000000000000000123456789abcdef0" ) #=> "111111111143c9JGph3DZ"
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unbase58( "ABnLTmg" ) #=> "516b6fcd0f"
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unbase58( "111111111143c9JGph3DZ" ) #=> "00000000000000000000123456789abcdef0"
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```
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**BASE58CHECK - BASE58(X || SHA256(SHA256(X))[:4])**
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Base58 encoding with an extra 4-byte secure hash checksum.
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``` ruby
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base58check( "516b6fcd0f" ) #=> "237LSrY9NUUas"
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base58check( "00f54a5851e9372b87810a8e60cdd2e7cfd80b6e31" ) #=> "1PMycacnJaSqwwJqjawXBErnLsZ7RkXUAs"
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unbase58check( "237LSrY9NUUas" ) #=> "516b6fcd0f"
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unbase58check( "1PMycacnJaSqwwJqjawXBErnLsZ7RkXUAs" ) #=> "00f54a5851e9372b87810a8e60cdd2e7cfd80b6e31"
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```
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|
+
|
259
|
+
|
260
|
+
### Public Key Signature Algorithms
|
261
|
+
|
262
|
+
**RSA - Rivest, Shamir and Adleman**
|
263
|
+
|
264
|
+
|
265
|
+
|
266
|
+
``` ruby
|
267
|
+
alice_key, alice_pub = RSA.generate_keys
|
268
|
+
|
269
|
+
alice_key
|
270
|
+
#=> "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
|
271
|
+
# MIIEpAIBAAKCAQEAzLpmAQ+MbUTHU1XxzEaQXqiOvk0Vu/skztaMWz+UoGYWU6eW
|
272
|
+
# cr7zVt/Y0SYqzD8LkYireX22FxNNFfhgu3/uC5yTl+dri6PD6NDAmrG+1cyE8kZZ
|
273
|
+
# MGq91wQEemZPuesjTgKEvwZbknjodIKOAP35QycMr4PuWICSrCjhJLrClI7jInTZ
|
274
|
+
# LOLtD5w5U7/xLOJAIfuhjUA4wrFCLJGPe7214KWgDCLmsan4/GVUloUKa6KAHJiH
|
275
|
+
# q4tNxNdSrbOlluZbKQl8REhXOCIb5bEX2KnbQT0nPgKkuOlXgZ7jeyOIk0FG1RGa
|
276
|
+
# FvcGu8LieMgT39WltcHJLblNkDr9YDRGiNiThQIDAQABAoIBAQCE/FPEPqBeXj4I
|
277
|
+
# MRzHL9MZ2e4XSaVjnYjUXuN/ZnaaFpZMMuF0mfshpHiHq35DfHR8TcXtPi6pIJ2D
|
278
|
+
# NvtG8JvlqQjqtKXUaEWbFvb1xZ4L7TUy12WaIMw+PlrWU11YjJg7VUF7gJq9M5L0
|
279
|
+
# E9ZAaLmg2F3SKSYLEUG1WTyeij5ZFqouNjZxD2xo5U5Agy2UVm2D9aUm/n4g8Wnr
|
280
|
+
# HybadhD6V9+BsZ2e9Q6CamHRah9Hs4nDPnycPFXpbs32wx9nvACPMg5+/Fqxr/ZK
|
281
|
+
# cPM4syVBW0lNhpTzhHkPvimAgwgqJYvAj/o9nQnq5i1XyVyXp3uKVnld3FCddf9i
|
282
|
+
# ovQMPmVlAoGBAPHtUKRehy8df/Zw6oGz0WcZCTjEwZ9DEb5rFN9Pr2IyvOhmZ3UJ
|
283
|
+
# JNx9WmiiGB44dbnafMtr2Ya7u4OAM6e190BbcJKTnpWqVlsXw/wyQqIgJb3AtFu4
|
284
|
+
# 91mqsDepOWsfs1IjTgmR1OM29WXjGoPHtV9E6//uVmVsciEvkCtcRfGDAoGBANij
|
285
|
+
# IbZ3mL1rr8uRT/czPLkZ3KPLsJhPriuc6yyOq+tqQ6d3u/1DjKxoeYa7Jbyj7Dwl
|
286
|
+
# 2wHQf9vRz3Kb2Mw+hPcHGDO9aBWxvZXjxxrVk6g1Ei0mvIP0k8ZbnlReK3cr5ktl
|
287
|
+
# aY/ZWDDVPpY4aqkcOIbAAi95jPlpb2LsntijxoBXAoGABPJRP8sfAHud7jAI23YN
|
288
|
+
# xgnhAmQjgVohtr8Bwj8i2uMmsanGW8JAGrIFczY9QADvh0lMW+xsmjCkeN/aLoet
|
289
|
+
# 8obsGlMiXvUIpvwpabKtYhs+Kk8SYP27MP4odDrljacsR3WpVtDAhZTOF7M5C5C9
|
290
|
+
# yKDkImuBILnC66LJU9mjJHkCgYEAntDxDSCeQ/dnOBh+hB323UgdXaMdAnwflm+C
|
291
|
+
# ZPbvCDWuBV6c3W2g+l/Y/7HBV4rgy7OA29KreU5WA5JHHGyU87gqwPuRC55y+yiy
|
292
|
+
# NXTvu7e0bI9iUmaB00AlUXp76PCw8wMUoVVX9uzN5jjT0MgUlIy8zWsRs2LdOqt3
|
293
|
+
# RCDEjB8CgYAO6ZptzyJ4FS7ucjKfjig5WMOiKMcIUtTG9qedHmE2Z6vt3g0SQWaD
|
294
|
+
# zJJacSoRHAdRK61vOlg4k+9/9LjffDrk9uT555BDbYqKWlmST7JMfvO7EpaIMYUu
|
295
|
+
# CN7+3Rx9gSLyScqtAYiT/LgYgL1Vc6/e0XHaVjA85kPvUDKb785oFg==
|
296
|
+
# -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"
|
297
|
+
|
298
|
+
alice_pub
|
299
|
+
#=> "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
|
300
|
+
# MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAzLpmAQ+MbUTHU1XxzEaQ
|
301
|
+
# XqiOvk0Vu/skztaMWz+UoGYWU6eWcr7zVt/Y0SYqzD8LkYireX22FxNNFfhgu3/u
|
302
|
+
# C5yTl+dri6PD6NDAmrG+1cyE8kZZMGq91wQEemZPuesjTgKEvwZbknjodIKOAP35
|
303
|
+
# QycMr4PuWICSrCjhJLrClI7jInTZLOLtD5w5U7/xLOJAIfuhjUA4wrFCLJGPe721
|
304
|
+
# 4KWgDCLmsan4/GVUloUKa6KAHJiHq4tNxNdSrbOlluZbKQl8REhXOCIb5bEX2Knb
|
305
|
+
# QT0nPgKkuOlXgZ7jeyOIk0FG1RGaFvcGu8LieMgT39WltcHJLblNkDr9YDRGiNiT
|
306
|
+
# hQIDAQAB
|
307
|
+
# -----END PUBLIC KEY-----"
|
308
|
+
|
309
|
+
bob_key, bob_pub = RSA.generate_keys
|
310
|
+
|
311
|
+
bob_key
|
312
|
+
#=> "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
|
313
|
+
# MIIEpAIBAAKCAQEAzADannvKlfVkZmKA4EDIxTW0HiJzjD6Auh8wLi02+iz2BScz
|
314
|
+
# fECA65Zv+KHfc1B9AWMqGeBIwFE49NrsnXiZwZR3DqcFS8WbnVqpntvhwzlEARna
|
315
|
+
# RWmZ2XjloD7fxILbXtWfMFNjwSfaK0bpArLkrt9d8eni+JI42+ptIWs/bVynACqm
|
316
|
+
# DqOTjoEgajuHVpxHtskPNQrsjxzP+umsUWkbE0iaO7oN1pcgZIR4VRr0bz/3Juif
|
317
|
+
# WmiCgwbDZo1WolfveoCacVsfAB1iesxeWnrGIJUjq8Mqsu9mQz1dg6RF4ElwNJ57
|
318
|
+
# G3T3nlW+qpVBZDU2sHFqUFxbGmWPdRUn1yn4KwIDAQABAoIBAQCOCwotz4P/Zh3C
|
319
|
+
# LFQP0Qv6RKplURejTuHStmSVwmXFTAkBDYqLuV4Kq3TLaepsIF7p2GI4IjKFtggy
|
320
|
+
# dTzLaG2mm/lJ+oF1gOIZbkcslW1cwULYgWe5bQ3ynntEWIL2ESctoRB2VZnfpCAE
|
321
|
+
# ghs8BdO071I6Xt/qs+VjOpdB7ar8OYhFc1vhwiI03FKbjuScH0CQOETIeLCqK5tC
|
322
|
+
# qPnjMTYdaTp/NgcZujsOeOBgbARLzGtCaESbmXHO6mPDkEED5uqZzsNBtdCZIGMF
|
323
|
+
# ApJkZbF6xSRizQhwwRlak1jCkAk2VCYpKPMiop1+cbjs3jU3RyP94RHc/yKo2Rzm
|
324
|
+
# HCl35XYBAoGBAPJDMV9W2scRsMlLw9In3ZzWtammcouE0oXEgizK61Cg/5C5E06a
|
325
|
+
# 5anrfwF5bURBANKBqTSHV0u71C2fHs1KO+B+EHzQ4DKsXldCSv2PR/0A6lmF9AIL
|
326
|
+
# DFfup/mU55plbqCnjJe2BOUrOmurSd5MbWtShRdGri/LBqF58BFgT+U1AoGBANeS
|
327
|
+
# RZDsCWelZPGN8Wxp9zxhu1AClNO9S7ITjZOQTYlghCVKAkS1wvB/6TIjaw8DyREs
|
328
|
+
# f6WvtkzQA/vZc4mXE+YM/calL8ee3wVEJJzlGBfuh8mQhxtiLa5PTl7Icv/R8DGV
|
329
|
+
# 9hU9GkJgWdi/+Plpqdcv79OWVMTB7igmoN8PAPPfAoGAKqatwI04AygYKbhPB2bB
|
330
|
+
# W2Vpoi6NqAaAUdCg4mXvO8i8daw/u+0FVf8B4y6PkB6pmGX/diIFum2dE1MaRyY0
|
331
|
+
# mHdZS8AyWHmEOnSPY0igceiBWbV9mgZ769c2d3hBtir5aQtWczc2cWpE5MPJQ3vN
|
332
|
+
# H8HtcIWfEQb7ad5f548/QakCgYEAwFDjNRYOkePQ+Vrbjg+/HKRH+mpDId9Xv4eI
|
333
|
+
# H6R2N9/eJHIxMeFCB1Ll1PAaG6wR3ftn6YWnykEtvKpTU+VvQCZI5MYLqTgH2Ofh
|
334
|
+
# DgOoCfmoNF922SwuerqPvSlwxt8hPOt/PZVkbuEMZr1lPgVRGwPOHmKYP2yPrkw/
|
335
|
+
# 6p+1BtsCgYABmMLgWhXVD19XxNHm8XpGnPWTEjqAYrw6I5yDUwNhB0n4129qaC+x
|
336
|
+
# MWrdslKBmQh1r1U5QoSSL0CY4Ef5qN02uZl15FN1kYQzZA6kJi+MoBsjzrZCvzsc
|
337
|
+
# Bbahpg363PyHC75zgvazvOr4tK3mzaRi5RNTMgivTVu4FyhkRdJ5wQ==
|
338
|
+
# -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"
|
339
|
+
|
340
|
+
bob_pub
|
341
|
+
#=> "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
|
342
|
+
# MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAzADannvKlfVkZmKA4EDI
|
343
|
+
# xTW0HiJzjD6Auh8wLi02+iz2BSczfECA65Zv+KHfc1B9AWMqGeBIwFE49NrsnXiZ
|
344
|
+
# wZR3DqcFS8WbnVqpntvhwzlEARnaRWmZ2XjloD7fxILbXtWfMFNjwSfaK0bpArLk
|
345
|
+
# rt9d8eni+JI42+ptIWs/bVynACqmDqOTjoEgajuHVpxHtskPNQrsjxzP+umsUWkb
|
346
|
+
# E0iaO7oN1pcgZIR4VRr0bz/3JuifWmiCgwbDZo1WolfveoCacVsfAB1iesxeWnrG
|
347
|
+
# IJUjq8Mqsu9mQz1dg6RF4ElwNJ57G3T3nlW+qpVBZDU2sHFqUFxbGmWPdRUn1yn4
|
348
|
+
# KwIDAQAB
|
349
|
+
# -----END PUBLIC KEY-----"
|
350
|
+
|
351
|
+
|
352
|
+
tx = "from: alice, to: bob, $21"
|
353
|
+
tx_hash = sha256( tx )
|
354
|
+
#=> "426a472a6c69bf68354391b7822393bea3952cde9df8949ad7a0f5f405b2fcb5"
|
355
|
+
|
356
|
+
tx_signature = RSA.sign( tx_hash, alice_key )
|
357
|
+
#=> "xfhzC6tzXYmA5rFAFybJ9KeWnTcTnC0Plt7cSHky6ZSdBZRKz/sfFcpyIN7w
|
358
|
+
# jWrdPwEREA3nwNu/HSpiGRBFr+lu/YgWGNp6HLGPeL7uHGAfmWPyU5WRzGzf
|
359
|
+
# iEs5B6kdJ3S8LSbP0hkOD8AOgZLPeU5rzA4+/Ymt8e/UOVwwka6Gj13yoBua
|
360
|
+
# mSdsVuQfgh2VpySejCz4ykYlMSHK8Kx8QFt+QbyI5QZUy2dFh6HlcnHR+G9A
|
361
|
+
# RMRZ1vAuQhYqtDSsxwRcZCSFsc6uctAvsgFinhqy6ls5VpcXfuKwZhKAw3Di
|
362
|
+
# E2MYUnT7+i38Mq26iWzgmDbpOrVCO5tjlSiHY1731A=="
|
363
|
+
|
364
|
+
RSA.valid_signature?( tx_hash, tx_signature, alice_pub )
|
365
|
+
#=> true
|
366
|
+
|
367
|
+
tx = "from: alice, to: bob, $22"
|
368
|
+
tx_hash = sha256( tx )
|
369
|
+
#=> "e899604bb4c95d2f1a7cfe561ad65941769e2064bdbbcaa79eb64ce0a2832380"
|
370
|
+
|
371
|
+
RSA.valid_signature?( tx_hash, tx_signature, alice_pub )
|
372
|
+
#=> false
|
373
|
+
```
|
374
|
+
|
375
|
+
|
376
|
+
and some more.
|
377
|
+
|
378
|
+
|
379
|
+
|
380
|
+
|
381
|
+
|
382
|
+
## Examples
|
383
|
+
|
384
|
+
### Generate the Bitcoin (Base58) Address from the (Elliptic Curve) Public Key
|
385
|
+
|
386
|
+
Let's follow the steps from [How to create Bitcoin Address](https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Technical_background_of_version_1_Bitcoin_addresses#How_to_create_Bitcoin_Address):
|
387
|
+
|
388
|
+
``` ruby
|
389
|
+
# Lets start with the public key ("raw" hex string encoded)
|
390
|
+
pk = "0250863ad64a87ae8a2fe83c1af1a8403cb53f53e486d8511dad8a04887e5b2352"
|
391
|
+
|
392
|
+
# 1. Perform SHA-256 hashing on the public key
|
393
|
+
step1 = sha256( pk )
|
394
|
+
#=> "0b7c28c9b7290c98d7438e70b3d3f7c848fbd7d1dc194ff83f4f7cc9b1378e98"
|
395
|
+
|
396
|
+
# 2. Perform RIPEMD-160 hashing on the result of SHA-256
|
397
|
+
step2 = ripemd160( step1 )
|
398
|
+
#=> "f54a5851e9372b87810a8e60cdd2e7cfd80b6e31"
|
399
|
+
|
400
|
+
# 3. Add version byte in front of RIPEMD-160 hash (0x00 for Main Network)
|
401
|
+
step3 = "00" + step2
|
402
|
+
#=> "00f54a5851e9372b87810a8e60cdd2e7cfd80b6e31"
|
403
|
+
|
404
|
+
# 4. Perform SHA-256 hash on the extended RIPEMD-160 result
|
405
|
+
step4 = sha256( step3 )
|
406
|
+
#=> "ad3c854da227c7e99c4abfad4ea41d71311160df2e415e713318c70d67c6b41c"
|
407
|
+
|
408
|
+
# 5. Perform SHA-256 hash on the result of the previous SHA-256 hash
|
409
|
+
step5 = sha256( step4 )
|
410
|
+
#=> "c7f18fe8fcbed6396741e58ad259b5cb16b7fd7f041904147ba1dcffabf747fd"
|
411
|
+
|
412
|
+
# 6. Take the first 4 bytes of the second SHA-256 hash. This is the address checksum
|
413
|
+
step6 = step5[0..7] # note: 4 bytes in hex string are 8 digits/chars
|
414
|
+
#=> "c7f18fe8"
|
415
|
+
|
416
|
+
# 7. Add the 4 checksum bytes from step 6 at the end of
|
417
|
+
# extended RIPEMD-160 hash from step 3.
|
418
|
+
# This is the 25-byte binary Bitcoin Address.
|
419
|
+
step7 = step3 + step6
|
420
|
+
#=> "00f54a5851e9372b87810a8e60cdd2e7cfd80b6e31c7f18fe8"
|
421
|
+
|
422
|
+
# 8. Convert the result from a byte string into a base58 string using Base58 encoding.
|
423
|
+
# This is the most commonly used Bitcoin Address format.
|
424
|
+
addr = base58( step7 )
|
425
|
+
#=> "1PMycacnJaSqwwJqjawXBErnLsZ7RkXUAs"
|
426
|
+
```
|
427
|
+
|
428
|
+
Or let's try again with the shortcut helpers:
|
429
|
+
|
430
|
+
- `HASH160 - RMD160(SHA256(X))`
|
431
|
+
- `BASE58CHECK - BASE58(X || SHA256(SHA256(X))[:4])`
|
432
|
+
|
433
|
+
``` ruby
|
434
|
+
# Lets start with the public key ("raw" hex string encoded)
|
435
|
+
pk = "0250863ad64a87ae8a2fe83c1af1a8403cb53f53e486d8511dad8a04887e5b2352"
|
436
|
+
|
437
|
+
# 1. Perform HASH-160 hashing on the public key
|
438
|
+
# a) Perform SHA-256 hashing on the public key
|
439
|
+
# b) Perform RIPEMD-160 hashing on the result of SHA-256
|
440
|
+
step1 = hash160( pk )
|
441
|
+
#=> "f54a5851e9372b87810a8e60cdd2e7cfd80b6e31"
|
442
|
+
|
443
|
+
# 2. Add version byte in front of RIPEMD-160 hash (0x00 for Main Network)
|
444
|
+
step2 = "00" + step1
|
445
|
+
#=> "00f54a5851e9372b87810a8e60cdd2e7cfd80b6e31"
|
446
|
+
|
447
|
+
# 3. Encode with BASE58CHECK
|
448
|
+
# a) Perform SHA-256 hash on the extended RIPEMD-160 result
|
449
|
+
# b) Perform SHA-256 hash on the result of the previous SHA-256 hash
|
450
|
+
# c) Take the first 4 bytes of the second SHA-256 hash. This is the address checksum
|
451
|
+
# d) Add the 4 checksum bytes at the end of
|
452
|
+
# extended RIPEMD-160 hash from step 2.
|
453
|
+
# This is the 25-byte binary Bitcoin Address.
|
454
|
+
# e) Convert the result from a byte string into a base58 string
|
455
|
+
# using Base58 encoding.
|
456
|
+
# This is the most commonly used Bitcoin Address format.
|
457
|
+
addr = base58check( step2 )
|
458
|
+
#=> "1PMycacnJaSqwwJqjawXBErnLsZ7RkXUAs"
|
459
|
+
```
|
460
|
+
|
461
|
+
|
462
|
+
References
|
463
|
+
|
464
|
+
- [How to create Bitcoin Address](https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Technical_background_of_version_1_Bitcoin_addresses#How_to_create_Bitcoin_Address)
|
465
|
+
- [Ruby Quiz #15 - Generate the Bitcoin (Base58) Address from the (Elliptic Curve) Public Key](https://github.com/planetruby/quiz/tree/master/015)
|
466
|
+
|
467
|
+
Bonus: Bitcon Tip - How to Buy Bitcoin (The CO₂-Friendly Way)
|
468
|
+
|
469
|
+
> 1. Take one $50 bill, five $10 bills, or ten $5 bills (I wouldn't recommend change - stay with paper money).
|
470
|
+
> 2. Go to the bathroom.
|
471
|
+
> 3. Lift the lid of the loo.
|
472
|
+
> 4. Throw money in.
|
473
|
+
> 5. Flush down water.
|
474
|
+
>
|
475
|
+
> Congrats! You just purchased $50 worth of Bitcoin - without fucking the planet!
|
476
|
+
>
|
477
|
+
> -- Trolly McTrollface, Bitcon Greater Fool Court Jester
|
478
|
+
|
479
|
+
Read more [Crypto Quotes »](https://github.com/openblockchains/crypto-quotes)
|
480
|
+
|
481
|
+
|
482
|
+
|
483
|
+
|
484
|
+
## Install
|
485
|
+
|
486
|
+
Just install the gem:
|
487
|
+
|
488
|
+
$ gem install crypto-lite
|
489
|
+
|
490
|
+
|
491
|
+
## License
|
492
|
+
|
493
|
+
The scripts are dedicated to the public domain.
|
494
|
+
Use it as you please with no restrictions whatsoever.
|
495
|
+
|
496
|
+
|
497
|
+
## Questions? Comments?
|
498
|
+
|
499
|
+
Send them along to the [wwwmake forum](http://groups.google.com/group/wwwmake).
|
500
|
+
Thanks!
|
501
|
+
|