cropped_paperclip 0.1.0

data/app/assets/javascripts/es5-shim.js

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+// vim: ts=4 sts=4 sw=4 expandtab
+// -- kriskowal Kris Kowal Copyright (C) 2009-2011 MIT License
+// -- tlrobinson Tom Robinson Copyright (C) 2009-2010 MIT License (Narwhal Project)
+// -- dantman Daniel Friesen Copyright (C) 2010 XXX TODO License or CLA
+// -- fschaefer Florian Schäfer Copyright (C) 2010 MIT License
+// -- Gozala Irakli Gozalishvili Copyright (C) 2010 MIT License
+// -- kitcambridge Kit Cambridge Copyright (C) 2011 MIT License
+// -- kossnocorp Sasha Koss XXX TODO License or CLA
+// -- bryanforbes Bryan Forbes XXX TODO License or CLA
+// -- killdream Quildreen Motta Copyright (C) 2011 MIT Licence
+// -- michaelficarra Michael Ficarra Copyright (C) 2011 3-clause BSD License
+// -- sharkbrainguy Gerard Paapu Copyright (C) 2011 MIT License
+// -- bbqsrc Brendan Molloy (C) 2011 Creative Commons Zero (public domain)
+// -- iwyg XXX TODO License or CLA
+// -- DomenicDenicola Domenic Denicola Copyright (C) 2011 MIT License
+// -- xavierm02 Montillet Xavier Copyright (C) 2011 MIT License
+// -- Raynos Jake Verbaten Copyright (C) 2011 MIT Licence
+// -- samsonjs Sami Samhuri Copyright (C) 2010 MIT License
+// -- rwldrn Rick Waldron Copyright (C) 2011 MIT License
+// -- lexer Alexey Zakharov XXX TODO License or CLA
+
+/*!
+    Copyright (c) 2009, 280 North Inc. http://280north.com/
+    MIT License. http://github.com/280north/narwhal/blob/master/README.md
+*/
+
+// Module systems magic dance
+(function (definition) {
+    // RequireJS
+    if (typeof define == "function") {
+        define(definition);
+    // CommonJS and <script>
+    } else {
+        definition();
+    }
+})(function () {
+
+/**
+ * Brings an environment as close to ECMAScript 5 compliance
+ * as is possible with the facilities of erstwhile engines.
+ *
+ * Annotated ES5: http://es5.github.com/ (specific links below)
+ * ES5 Spec: http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-262.pdf
+ * Required reading: http://javascriptweblog.wordpress.com/2011/12/05/extending-javascript-natives/
+ */
+
+//
+// Function
+// ========
+//
+
+// ES-5 15.3.4.5
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.3.4.5
+
+if (!Function.prototype.bind) {
+    Function.prototype.bind = function bind(that) { // .length is 1
+        // 1. Let Target be the this value.
+        var target = this;
+        // 2. If IsCallable(Target) is false, throw a TypeError exception.
+        if (typeof target != "function") {
+            throw new TypeError("Function.prototype.bind called on incompatible " + target);
+        }
+        // 3. Let A be a new (possibly empty) internal list of all of the
+        //   argument values provided after thisArg (arg1, arg2 etc), in order.
+        // XXX slicedArgs will stand in for "A" if used
+        var args = slice.call(arguments, 1); // for normal call
+        // 4. Let F be a new native ECMAScript object.
+        // 11. Set the [[Prototype]] internal property of F to the standard
+        //   built-in Function prototype object as specified in 15.3.3.1.
+        // 12. Set the [[Call]] internal property of F as described in
+        //   15.3.4.5.1.
+        // 13. Set the [[Construct]] internal property of F as described in
+        //   15.3.4.5.2.
+        // 14. Set the [[HasInstance]] internal property of F as described in
+        //   15.3.4.5.3.
+        var bound = function () {
+
+            if (this instanceof bound) {
+                // 15.3.4.5.2 [[Construct]]
+                // When the [[Construct]] internal method of a function object,
+                // F that was created using the bind function is called with a
+                // list of arguments ExtraArgs, the following steps are taken:
+                // 1. Let target be the value of F's [[TargetFunction]]
+                //   internal property.
+                // 2. If target has no [[Construct]] internal method, a
+                //   TypeError exception is thrown.
+                // 3. Let boundArgs be the value of F's [[BoundArgs]] internal
+                //   property.
+                // 4. Let args be a new list containing the same values as the
+                //   list boundArgs in the same order followed by the same
+                //   values as the list ExtraArgs in the same order.
+                // 5. Return the result of calling the [[Construct]] internal
+                //   method of target providing args as the arguments.
+
+                var F = function(){};
+                F.prototype = target.prototype;
+                var self = new F;
+
+                var result = target.apply(
+                    self,
+                    args.concat(slice.call(arguments))
+                );
+                if (Object(result) === result) {
+                    return result;
+                }
+                return self;
+
+            } else {
+                // 15.3.4.5.1 [[Call]]
+                // When the [[Call]] internal method of a function object, F,
+                // which was created using the bind function is called with a
+                // this value and a list of arguments ExtraArgs, the following
+                // steps are taken:
+                // 1. Let boundArgs be the value of F's [[BoundArgs]] internal
+                //   property.
+                // 2. Let boundThis be the value of F's [[BoundThis]] internal
+                //   property.
+                // 3. Let target be the value of F's [[TargetFunction]] internal
+                //   property.
+                // 4. Let args be a new list containing the same values as the
+                //   list boundArgs in the same order followed by the same
+                //   values as the list ExtraArgs in the same order.
+                // 5. Return the result of calling the [[Call]] internal method
+                //   of target providing boundThis as the this value and
+                //   providing args as the arguments.
+
+                // equiv: target.call(this, ...boundArgs, ...args)
+                return target.apply(
+                    that,
+                    args.concat(slice.call(arguments))
+                );
+
+            }
+
+        };
+        // XXX bound.length is never writable, so don't even try
+        //
+        // 15. If the [[Class]] internal property of Target is "Function", then
+        //     a. Let L be the length property of Target minus the length of A.
+        //     b. Set the length own property of F to either 0 or L, whichever is
+        //       larger.
+        // 16. Else set the length own property of F to 0.
+        // 17. Set the attributes of the length own property of F to the values
+        //   specified in 15.3.5.1.
+
+        // TODO
+        // 18. Set the [[Extensible]] internal property of F to true.
+
+        // TODO
+        // 19. Let thrower be the [[ThrowTypeError]] function Object (13.2.3).
+        // 20. Call the [[DefineOwnProperty]] internal method of F with
+        //   arguments "caller", PropertyDescriptor {[[Get]]: thrower, [[Set]]:
+        //   thrower, [[Enumerable]]: false, [[Configurable]]: false}, and
+        //   false.
+        // 21. Call the [[DefineOwnProperty]] internal method of F with
+        //   arguments "arguments", PropertyDescriptor {[[Get]]: thrower,
+        //   [[Set]]: thrower, [[Enumerable]]: false, [[Configurable]]: false},
+        //   and false.
+
+        // TODO
+        // NOTE Function objects created using Function.prototype.bind do not
+        // have a prototype property or the [[Code]], [[FormalParameters]], and
+        // [[Scope]] internal properties.
+        // XXX can't delete prototype in pure-js.
+
+        // 22. Return F.
+        return bound;
+    };
+}
+
+// Shortcut to an often accessed properties, in order to avoid multiple
+// dereference that costs universally.
+// _Please note: Shortcuts are defined after `Function.prototype.bind` as we
+// us it in defining shortcuts.
+var call = Function.prototype.call;
+var prototypeOfArray = Array.prototype;
+var prototypeOfObject = Object.prototype;
+var slice = prototypeOfArray.slice;
+// Having a toString local variable name breaks in Opera so use _toString.
+var _toString = call.bind(prototypeOfObject.toString);
+var owns = call.bind(prototypeOfObject.hasOwnProperty);
+
+// If JS engine supports accessors creating shortcuts.
+var defineGetter;
+var defineSetter;
+var lookupGetter;
+var lookupSetter;
+var supportsAccessors;
+if ((supportsAccessors = owns(prototypeOfObject, "__defineGetter__"))) {
+    defineGetter = call.bind(prototypeOfObject.__defineGetter__);
+    defineSetter = call.bind(prototypeOfObject.__defineSetter__);
+    lookupGetter = call.bind(prototypeOfObject.__lookupGetter__);
+    lookupSetter = call.bind(prototypeOfObject.__lookupSetter__);
+}
+
+//
+// Array
+// =====
+//
+
+// ES5 15.4.3.2
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.4.3.2
+// https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/isArray
+if (!Array.isArray) {
+    Array.isArray = function isArray(obj) {
+        return _toString(obj) == "[object Array]";
+    };
+}
+
+// The IsCallable() check in the Array functions
+// has been replaced with a strict check on the
+// internal class of the object to trap cases where
+// the provided function was actually a regular
+// expression literal, which in V8 and
+// JavaScriptCore is a typeof "function".  Only in
+// V8 are regular expression literals permitted as
+// reduce parameters, so it is desirable in the
+// general case for the shim to match the more
+// strict and common behavior of rejecting regular
+// expressions.
+
+// ES5 15.4.4.18
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.4.4.18
+// https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/array/forEach
+if (!Array.prototype.forEach) {
+    Array.prototype.forEach = function forEach(fun /*, thisp*/) {
+        var self = toObject(this),
+            thisp = arguments[1],
+            i = -1,
+            length = self.length >>> 0;
+
+        // If no callback function or if callback is not a callable function
+        if (_toString(fun) != "[object Function]") {
+            throw new TypeError(); // TODO message
+        }
+
+        while (++i < length) {
+            if (i in self) {
+                // Invoke the callback function with call, passing arguments:
+                // context, property value, property key, thisArg object context
+                fun.call(thisp, self[i], i, self);
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.4.4.19
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.4.4.19
+// https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Core_JavaScript_1.5_Reference/Objects/Array/map
+if (!Array.prototype.map) {
+    Array.prototype.map = function map(fun /*, thisp*/) {
+        var self = toObject(this),
+            length = self.length >>> 0,
+            result = Array(length),
+            thisp = arguments[1];
+
+        // If no callback function or if callback is not a callable function
+        if (_toString(fun) != "[object Function]") {
+            throw new TypeError(fun + " is not a function");
+        }
+
+        for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            if (i in self)
+                result[i] = fun.call(thisp, self[i], i, self);
+        }
+        return result;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.4.4.20
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.4.4.20
+// https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Core_JavaScript_1.5_Reference/Objects/Array/filter
+if (!Array.prototype.filter) {
+    Array.prototype.filter = function filter(fun /*, thisp */) {
+        var self = toObject(this),
+            length = self.length >>> 0,
+            result = [],
+            value,
+            thisp = arguments[1];
+
+        // If no callback function or if callback is not a callable function
+        if (_toString(fun) != "[object Function]") {
+            throw new TypeError(fun + " is not a function");
+        }
+
+        for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            if (i in self) {
+                value = self[i];
+                if (fun.call(thisp, value, i, self)) {
+                    result.push(value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.4.4.16
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.4.4.16
+// https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/every
+if (!Array.prototype.every) {
+    Array.prototype.every = function every(fun /*, thisp */) {
+        var self = toObject(this),
+            length = self.length >>> 0,
+            thisp = arguments[1];
+
+        // If no callback function or if callback is not a callable function
+        if (_toString(fun) != "[object Function]") {
+            throw new TypeError(fun + " is not a function");
+        }
+
+        for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            if (i in self && !fun.call(thisp, self[i], i, self)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.4.4.17
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.4.4.17
+// https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/some
+if (!Array.prototype.some) {
+    Array.prototype.some = function some(fun /*, thisp */) {
+        var self = toObject(this),
+            length = self.length >>> 0,
+            thisp = arguments[1];
+
+        // If no callback function or if callback is not a callable function
+        if (_toString(fun) != "[object Function]") {
+            throw new TypeError(fun + " is not a function");
+        }
+
+        for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            if (i in self && fun.call(thisp, self[i], i, self)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.4.4.21
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.4.4.21
+// https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Core_JavaScript_1.5_Reference/Objects/Array/reduce
+if (!Array.prototype.reduce) {
+    Array.prototype.reduce = function reduce(fun /*, initial*/) {
+        var self = toObject(this),
+            length = self.length >>> 0;
+
+        // If no callback function or if callback is not a callable function
+        if (_toString(fun) != "[object Function]") {
+            throw new TypeError(fun + " is not a function");
+        }
+
+        // no value to return if no initial value and an empty array
+        if (!length && arguments.length == 1) {
+            throw new TypeError('reduce of empty array with no initial value');
+        }
+
+        var i = 0;
+        var result;
+        if (arguments.length >= 2) {
+            result = arguments[1];
+        } else {
+            do {
+                if (i in self) {
+                    result = self[i++];
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // if array contains no values, no initial value to return
+                if (++i >= length) {
+                    throw new TypeError('reduce of empty array with no initial value');
+                }
+            } while (true);
+        }
+
+        for (; i < length; i++) {
+            if (i in self) {
+                result = fun.call(void 0, result, self[i], i, self);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.4.4.22
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.4.4.22
+// https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Core_JavaScript_1.5_Reference/Objects/Array/reduceRight
+if (!Array.prototype.reduceRight) {
+    Array.prototype.reduceRight = function reduceRight(fun /*, initial*/) {
+        var self = toObject(this),
+            length = self.length >>> 0;
+
+        // If no callback function or if callback is not a callable function
+        if (_toString(fun) != "[object Function]") {
+            throw new TypeError(fun + " is not a function");
+        }
+
+        // no value to return if no initial value, empty array
+        if (!length && arguments.length == 1) {
+            throw new TypeError('reduceRight of empty array with no initial value');
+        }
+
+        var result, i = length - 1;
+        if (arguments.length >= 2) {
+            result = arguments[1];
+        } else {
+            do {
+                if (i in self) {
+                    result = self[i--];
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // if array contains no values, no initial value to return
+                if (--i < 0) {
+                    throw new TypeError('reduceRight of empty array with no initial value');
+                }
+            } while (true);
+        }
+
+        do {
+            if (i in this) {
+                result = fun.call(void 0, result, self[i], i, self);
+            }
+        } while (i--);
+
+        return result;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.4.4.14
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.4.4.14
+// https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/indexOf
+if (!Array.prototype.indexOf) {
+    Array.prototype.indexOf = function indexOf(sought /*, fromIndex */ ) {
+        var self = toObject(this),
+            length = self.length >>> 0;
+
+        if (!length) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        var i = 0;
+        if (arguments.length > 1) {
+            i = toInteger(arguments[1]);
+        }
+
+        // handle negative indices
+        i = i >= 0 ? i : Math.max(0, length + i);
+        for (; i < length; i++) {
+            if (i in self && self[i] === sought) {
+                return i;
+            }
+        }
+        return -1;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.4.4.15
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.4.4.15
+// https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/lastIndexOf
+if (!Array.prototype.lastIndexOf) {
+    Array.prototype.lastIndexOf = function lastIndexOf(sought /*, fromIndex */) {
+        var self = toObject(this),
+            length = self.length >>> 0;
+
+        if (!length) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+        var i = length - 1;
+        if (arguments.length > 1) {
+            i = Math.min(i, toInteger(arguments[1]));
+        }
+        // handle negative indices
+        i = i >= 0 ? i : length - Math.abs(i);
+        for (; i >= 0; i--) {
+            if (i in self && sought === self[i]) {
+                return i;
+            }
+        }
+        return -1;
+    };
+}
+
+//
+// Object
+// ======
+//
+
+// ES5 15.2.3.2
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.2.3.2
+if (!Object.getPrototypeOf) {
+    // https://github.com/kriskowal/es5-shim/issues#issue/2
+    // http://ejohn.org/blog/objectgetprototypeof/
+    // recommended by fschaefer on github
+    Object.getPrototypeOf = function getPrototypeOf(object) {
+        return object.__proto__ || (
+            object.constructor
+                ? object.constructor.prototype
+                : prototypeOfObject
+        );
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.2.3.3
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.2.3.3
+if (!Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor) {
+    var ERR_NON_OBJECT = "Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor called on a non-object: ";
+
+    Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor = function getOwnPropertyDescriptor(object, property) {
+        if ((typeof object != "object" && typeof object != "function") || object === null) {
+            throw new TypeError(ERR_NON_OBJECT + object);
+        }
+        // If object does not owns property return undefined immediately.
+        if (!owns(object, property)) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // If object has a property then it's for sure both `enumerable` and
+        // `configurable`.
+        var descriptor =  { enumerable: true, configurable: true };
+
+        // If JS engine supports accessor properties then property may be a
+        // getter or setter.
+        if (supportsAccessors) {
+            // Unfortunately `__lookupGetter__` will return a getter even
+            // if object has own non getter property along with a same named
+            // inherited getter. To avoid misbehavior we temporary remove
+            // `__proto__` so that `__lookupGetter__` will return getter only
+            // if it's owned by an object.
+            var prototype = object.__proto__;
+            object.__proto__ = prototypeOfObject;
+
+            var getter = lookupGetter(object, property);
+            var setter = lookupSetter(object, property);
+
+            // Once we have getter and setter we can put values back.
+            object.__proto__ = prototype;
+
+            if (getter || setter) {
+                if (getter) {
+                    descriptor.get = getter;
+                }
+                if (setter) {
+                    descriptor.set = setter;
+                }
+                // If it was accessor property we're done and return here
+                // in order to avoid adding `value` to the descriptor.
+                return descriptor;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // If we got this far we know that object has an own property that is
+        // not an accessor so we set it as a value and return descriptor.
+        descriptor.value = object[property];
+        return descriptor;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.2.3.4
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.2.3.4
+if (!Object.getOwnPropertyNames) {
+    Object.getOwnPropertyNames = function getOwnPropertyNames(object) {
+        return Object.keys(object);
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.2.3.5
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.2.3.5
+if (!Object.create) {
+    Object.create = function create(prototype, properties) {
+        var object;
+        if (prototype === null) {
+            object = { "__proto__": null };
+        } else {
+            if (typeof prototype != "object") {
+                throw new TypeError("typeof prototype["+(typeof prototype)+"] != 'object'");
+            }
+            var Type = function () {};
+            Type.prototype = prototype;
+            object = new Type();
+            // IE has no built-in implementation of `Object.getPrototypeOf`
+            // neither `__proto__`, but this manually setting `__proto__` will
+            // guarantee that `Object.getPrototypeOf` will work as expected with
+            // objects created using `Object.create`
+            object.__proto__ = prototype;
+        }
+        if (properties !== void 0) {
+            Object.defineProperties(object, properties);
+        }
+        return object;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.2.3.6
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.2.3.6
+
+// Patch for WebKit and IE8 standard mode
+// Designed by hax <hax.github.com>
+// related issue: https://github.com/kriskowal/es5-shim/issues#issue/5
+// IE8 Reference:
+//     http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd282900.aspx
+//     http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd229916.aspx
+// WebKit Bugs:
+//     https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=36423
+
+function doesDefinePropertyWork(object) {
+    try {
+        Object.defineProperty(object, "sentinel", {});
+        return "sentinel" in object;
+    } catch (exception) {
+        // returns falsy
+    }
+}
+
+// check whether defineProperty works if it's given. Otherwise,
+// shim partially.
+if (Object.defineProperty) {
+    var definePropertyWorksOnObject = doesDefinePropertyWork({});
+    var definePropertyWorksOnDom = typeof document == "undefined" ||
+        doesDefinePropertyWork(document.createElement("div"));
+    if (!definePropertyWorksOnObject || !definePropertyWorksOnDom) {
+        var definePropertyFallback = Object.defineProperty;
+    }
+}
+
+if (!Object.defineProperty || definePropertyFallback) {
+    var ERR_NON_OBJECT_DESCRIPTOR = "Property description must be an object: ";
+    var ERR_NON_OBJECT_TARGET = "Object.defineProperty called on non-object: "
+    var ERR_ACCESSORS_NOT_SUPPORTED = "getters & setters can not be defined " +
+                                      "on this javascript engine";
+
+    Object.defineProperty = function defineProperty(object, property, descriptor) {
+        if ((typeof object != "object" && typeof object != "function") || object === null) {
+            throw new TypeError(ERR_NON_OBJECT_TARGET + object);
+        }
+        if ((typeof descriptor != "object" && typeof descriptor != "function") || descriptor === null) {
+            throw new TypeError(ERR_NON_OBJECT_DESCRIPTOR + descriptor);
+        }
+        // make a valiant attempt to use the real defineProperty
+        // for I8's DOM elements.
+        if (definePropertyFallback) {
+            try {
+                return definePropertyFallback.call(Object, object, property, descriptor);
+            } catch (exception) {
+                // try the shim if the real one doesn't work
+            }
+        }
+
+        // If it's a data property.
+        if (owns(descriptor, "value")) {
+            // fail silently if "writable", "enumerable", or "configurable"
+            // are requested but not supported
+            /*
+            // alternate approach:
+            if ( // can't implement these features; allow false but not true
+                !(owns(descriptor, "writable") ? descriptor.writable : true) ||
+                !(owns(descriptor, "enumerable") ? descriptor.enumerable : true) ||
+                !(owns(descriptor, "configurable") ? descriptor.configurable : true)
+            )
+                throw new RangeError(
+                    "This implementation of Object.defineProperty does not " +
+                    "support configurable, enumerable, or writable."
+                );
+            */
+
+            if (supportsAccessors && (lookupGetter(object, property) ||
+                                      lookupSetter(object, property)))
+            {
+                // As accessors are supported only on engines implementing
+                // `__proto__` we can safely override `__proto__` while defining
+                // a property to make sure that we don't hit an inherited
+                // accessor.
+                var prototype = object.__proto__;
+                object.__proto__ = prototypeOfObject;
+                // Deleting a property anyway since getter / setter may be
+                // defined on object itself.
+                delete object[property];
+                object[property] = descriptor.value;
+                // Setting original `__proto__` back now.
+                object.__proto__ = prototype;
+            } else {
+                object[property] = descriptor.value;
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (!supportsAccessors) {
+                throw new TypeError(ERR_ACCESSORS_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+            }
+            // If we got that far then getters and setters can be defined !!
+            if (owns(descriptor, "get")) {
+                defineGetter(object, property, descriptor.get);
+            }
+            if (owns(descriptor, "set")) {
+                defineSetter(object, property, descriptor.set);
+            }
+        }
+        return object;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.2.3.7
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.2.3.7
+if (!Object.defineProperties) {
+    Object.defineProperties = function defineProperties(object, properties) {
+        for (var property in properties) {
+            if (owns(properties, property) && property != "__proto__") {
+                Object.defineProperty(object, property, properties[property]);
+            }
+        }
+        return object;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.2.3.8
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.2.3.8
+if (!Object.seal) {
+    Object.seal = function seal(object) {
+        // this is misleading and breaks feature-detection, but
+        // allows "securable" code to "gracefully" degrade to working
+        // but insecure code.
+        return object;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.2.3.9
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.2.3.9
+if (!Object.freeze) {
+    Object.freeze = function freeze(object) {
+        // this is misleading and breaks feature-detection, but
+        // allows "securable" code to "gracefully" degrade to working
+        // but insecure code.
+        return object;
+    };
+}
+
+// detect a Rhino bug and patch it
+try {
+    Object.freeze(function () {});
+} catch (exception) {
+    Object.freeze = (function freeze(freezeObject) {
+        return function freeze(object) {
+            if (typeof object == "function") {
+                return object;
+            } else {
+                return freezeObject(object);
+            }
+        };
+    })(Object.freeze);
+}
+
+// ES5 15.2.3.10
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.2.3.10
+if (!Object.preventExtensions) {
+    Object.preventExtensions = function preventExtensions(object) {
+        // this is misleading and breaks feature-detection, but
+        // allows "securable" code to "gracefully" degrade to working
+        // but insecure code.
+        return object;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.2.3.11
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.2.3.11
+if (!Object.isSealed) {
+    Object.isSealed = function isSealed(object) {
+        return false;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.2.3.12
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.2.3.12
+if (!Object.isFrozen) {
+    Object.isFrozen = function isFrozen(object) {
+        return false;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.2.3.13
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.2.3.13
+if (!Object.isExtensible) {
+    Object.isExtensible = function isExtensible(object) {
+        // 1. If Type(O) is not Object throw a TypeError exception.
+        if (Object(object) !== object) {
+            throw new TypeError(); // TODO message
+        }
+        // 2. Return the Boolean value of the [[Extensible]] internal property of O.
+        var name = '';
+        while (owns(object, name)) {
+            name += '?';
+        }
+        object[name] = true;
+        var returnValue = owns(object, name);
+        delete object[name];
+        return returnValue;
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.2.3.14
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.2.3.14
+if (!Object.keys) {
+    // http://whattheheadsaid.com/2010/10/a-safer-object-keys-compatibility-implementation
+    var hasDontEnumBug = true,
+        dontEnums = [
+            "toString",
+            "toLocaleString",
+            "valueOf",
+            "hasOwnProperty",
+            "isPrototypeOf",
+            "propertyIsEnumerable",
+            "constructor"
+        ],
+        dontEnumsLength = dontEnums.length;
+
+    for (var key in {"toString": null}) {
+        hasDontEnumBug = false;
+    }
+
+    Object.keys = function keys(object) {
+
+        if ((typeof object != "object" && typeof object != "function") || object === null) {
+            throw new TypeError("Object.keys called on a non-object");
+        }
+
+        var keys = [];
+        for (var name in object) {
+            if (owns(object, name)) {
+                keys.push(name);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (hasDontEnumBug) {
+            for (var i = 0, ii = dontEnumsLength; i < ii; i++) {
+                var dontEnum = dontEnums[i];
+                if (owns(object, dontEnum)) {
+                    keys.push(dontEnum);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return keys;
+    };
+
+}
+
+//
+// Date
+// ====
+//
+
+// ES5 15.9.5.43
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.9.5.43
+// This function returns a String value represent the instance in time
+// represented by this Date object. The format of the String is the Date Time
+// string format defined in 15.9.1.15. All fields are present in the String.
+// The time zone is always UTC, denoted by the suffix Z. If the time value of
+// this object is not a finite Number a RangeError exception is thrown.
+if (!Date.prototype.toISOString || (new Date(-62198755200000).toISOString().indexOf('-000001') === -1)) {
+    Date.prototype.toISOString = function toISOString() {
+        var result, length, value, year;
+        if (!isFinite(this)) {
+            throw new RangeError("Date.prototype.toISOString called on non-finite value.");
+        }
+
+        // the date time string format is specified in 15.9.1.15.
+        result = [this.getUTCMonth() + 1, this.getUTCDate(),
+            this.getUTCHours(), this.getUTCMinutes(), this.getUTCSeconds()];
+        year = this.getUTCFullYear();
+        year = (year < 0 ? '-' : (year > 9999 ? '+' : '')) + ('00000' + Math.abs(year)).slice(0 <= year && year <= 9999 ? -4 : -6);
+
+        length = result.length;
+        while (length--) {
+            value = result[length];
+            // pad months, days, hours, minutes, and seconds to have two digits.
+            if (value < 10) {
+                result[length] = "0" + value;
+            }
+        }
+        // pad milliseconds to have three digits.
+        return year + "-" + result.slice(0, 2).join("-") + "T" + result.slice(2).join(":") + "." +
+            ("000" + this.getUTCMilliseconds()).slice(-3) + "Z";
+    }
+}
+
+// ES5 15.9.4.4
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.9.4.4
+if (!Date.now) {
+    Date.now = function now() {
+        return new Date().getTime();
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.9.5.44
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.9.5.44
+// This function provides a String representation of a Date object for use by
+// JSON.stringify (15.12.3).
+if (!Date.prototype.toJSON) {
+    Date.prototype.toJSON = function toJSON(key) {
+        // When the toJSON method is called with argument key, the following
+        // steps are taken:
+
+        // 1.  Let O be the result of calling ToObject, giving it the this
+        // value as its argument.
+        // 2. Let tv be ToPrimitive(O, hint Number).
+        // 3. If tv is a Number and is not finite, return null.
+        // XXX
+        // 4. Let toISO be the result of calling the [[Get]] internal method of
+        // O with argument "toISOString".
+        // 5. If IsCallable(toISO) is false, throw a TypeError exception.
+        if (typeof this.toISOString != "function") {
+            throw new TypeError('toISOString property is not callable');
+        }
+        // 6. Return the result of calling the [[Call]] internal method of
+        //  toISO with O as the this value and an empty argument list.
+        return this.toISOString();
+
+        // NOTE 1 The argument is ignored.
+
+        // NOTE 2 The toJSON function is intentionally generic; it does not
+        // require that its this value be a Date object. Therefore, it can be
+        // transferred to other kinds of objects for use as a method. However,
+        // it does require that any such object have a toISOString method. An
+        // object is free to use the argument key to filter its
+        // stringification.
+    };
+}
+
+// ES5 15.9.4.2
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.9.4.2
+// based on work shared by Daniel Friesen (dantman)
+// http://gist.github.com/303249
+if (!Date.parse || Date.parse("+275760-09-13T00:00:00.000Z") !== 8.64e15) {
+    // XXX global assignment won't work in embeddings that use
+    // an alternate object for the context.
+    Date = (function(NativeDate) {
+
+        // Date.length === 7
+        var Date = function Date(Y, M, D, h, m, s, ms) {
+            var length = arguments.length;
+            if (this instanceof NativeDate) {
+                var date = length == 1 && String(Y) === Y ? // isString(Y)
+                    // We explicitly pass it through parse:
+                    new NativeDate(Date.parse(Y)) :
+                    // We have to manually make calls depending on argument
+                    // length here
+                    length >= 7 ? new NativeDate(Y, M, D, h, m, s, ms) :
+                    length >= 6 ? new NativeDate(Y, M, D, h, m, s) :
+                    length >= 5 ? new NativeDate(Y, M, D, h, m) :
+                    length >= 4 ? new NativeDate(Y, M, D, h) :
+                    length >= 3 ? new NativeDate(Y, M, D) :
+                    length >= 2 ? new NativeDate(Y, M) :
+                    length >= 1 ? new NativeDate(Y) :
+                                  new NativeDate();
+                // Prevent mixups with unfixed Date object
+                date.constructor = Date;
+                return date;
+            }
+            return NativeDate.apply(this, arguments);
+        };
+
+        // 15.9.1.15 Date Time String Format.
+        var isoDateExpression = new RegExp("^" +
+            "(\\d{4}|[\+\-]\\d{6})" + // four-digit year capture or sign + 6-digit extended year
+            "(?:-(\\d{2})" + // optional month capture
+            "(?:-(\\d{2})" + // optional day capture
+            "(?:" + // capture hours:minutes:seconds.milliseconds
+                "T(\\d{2})" + // hours capture
+                ":(\\d{2})" + // minutes capture
+                "(?:" + // optional :seconds.milliseconds
+                    ":(\\d{2})" + // seconds capture
+                    "(?:\\.(\\d{3}))?" + // milliseconds capture
+                ")?" +
+            "(?:" + // capture UTC offset component
+                "Z|" + // UTC capture
+                "(?:" + // offset specifier +/-hours:minutes
+                    "([-+])" + // sign capture
+                    "(\\d{2})" + // hours offset capture
+                    ":(\\d{2})" + // minutes offset capture
+                ")" +
+            ")?)?)?)?" +
+        "$");
+
+        // Copy any custom methods a 3rd party library may have added
+        for (var key in NativeDate) {
+            Date[key] = NativeDate[key];
+        }
+
+        // Copy "native" methods explicitly; they may be non-enumerable
+        Date.now = NativeDate.now;
+        Date.UTC = NativeDate.UTC;
+        Date.prototype = NativeDate.prototype;
+        Date.prototype.constructor = Date;
+
+        // Upgrade Date.parse to handle simplified ISO 8601 strings
+        Date.parse = function parse(string) {
+            var match = isoDateExpression.exec(string);
+            if (match) {
+                match.shift(); // kill match[0], the full match
+                // parse months, days, hours, minutes, seconds, and milliseconds
+                for (var i = 1; i < 7; i++) {
+                    // provide default values if necessary
+                    match[i] = +(match[i] || (i < 3 ? 1 : 0));
+                    // match[1] is the month. Months are 0-11 in JavaScript
+                    // `Date` objects, but 1-12 in ISO notation, so we
+                    // decrement.
+                    if (i == 1) {
+                        match[i]--;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // parse the UTC offset component
+                var minuteOffset = +match.pop(), hourOffset = +match.pop(), sign = match.pop();
+
+                // compute the explicit time zone offset if specified
+                var offset = 0;
+                if (sign) {
+                    // detect invalid offsets and return early
+                    if (hourOffset > 23 || minuteOffset > 59) {
+                        return NaN;
+                    }
+
+                    // express the provided time zone offset in minutes. The offset is
+                    // negative for time zones west of UTC; positive otherwise.
+                    offset = (hourOffset * 60 + minuteOffset) * 6e4 * (sign == "+" ? -1 : 1);
+                }
+
+                // Date.UTC for years between 0 and 99 converts year to 1900 + year
+                // The Gregorian calendar has a 400-year cycle, so
+                // to Date.UTC(year + 400, .... ) - 12622780800000 == Date.UTC(year, ...),
+                // where 12622780800000 - number of milliseconds in Gregorian calendar 400 years
+                var year = +match[0];
+                if (0 <= year && year <= 99) {
+                    match[0] = year + 400;
+                    return NativeDate.UTC.apply(this, match) + offset - 12622780800000;
+                }
+
+                // compute a new UTC date value, accounting for the optional offset
+                return NativeDate.UTC.apply(this, match) + offset;
+            }
+            return NativeDate.parse.apply(this, arguments);
+        };
+
+        return Date;
+    })(Date);
+}
+
+//
+// String
+// ======
+//
+
+// ES5 15.5.4.20
+// http://es5.github.com/#x15.5.4.20
+var ws = "\x09\x0A\x0B\x0C\x0D\x20\xA0\u1680\u180E\u2000\u2001\u2002\u2003" +
+    "\u2004\u2005\u2006\u2007\u2008\u2009\u200A\u202F\u205F\u3000\u2028" +
+    "\u2029\uFEFF";
+if (!String.prototype.trim || ws.trim()) {
+    // http://blog.stevenlevithan.com/archives/faster-trim-javascript
+    // http://perfectionkills.com/whitespace-deviations/
+    ws = "[" + ws + "]";
+    var trimBeginRegexp = new RegExp("^" + ws + ws + "*"),
+        trimEndRegexp = new RegExp(ws + ws + "*$");
+    String.prototype.trim = function trim() {
+        if (this === undefined || this === null) {
+            throw new TypeError("can't convert "+this+" to object");
+        }
+        return String(this).replace(trimBeginRegexp, "").replace(trimEndRegexp, "");
+    };
+}
+
+//
+// Util
+// ======
+//
+
+// ES5 9.4
+// http://es5.github.com/#x9.4
+// http://jsperf.com/to-integer
+var toInteger = function (n) {
+    n = +n;
+    if (n !== n) { // isNaN
+        n = 0;
+    } else if (n !== 0 && n !== (1/0) && n !== -(1/0)) {
+        n = (n > 0 || -1) * Math.floor(Math.abs(n));
+    }
+    return n;
+};
+
+var prepareString = "a"[0] != "a";
+    // ES5 9.9
+    // http://es5.github.com/#x9.9
+var toObject = function (o) {
+    if (o == null) { // this matches both null and undefined
+        throw new TypeError("can't convert "+o+" to object");
+    }
+    // If the implementation doesn't support by-index access of
+    // string characters (ex. IE < 9), split the string
+    if (prepareString && typeof o == "string" && o) {
+        return o.split("");
+    }
+    return Object(o);
+};
+});