copland 0.8.0 → 1.0.0

data/doc/presentation/copland.mgp

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+%%========================================================================
+%deffont "standard"        xfont "Sans"
+%deffont "standard-italic" xfont "Sans:Oblique"
+%deffont "standard-bold"   xfont "Sans:Bold"
+%deffont "code"            xfont "Courier"
+%deffont "code-bold"       xfont "Courier:Bold"
+%%========================================================================
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. How Dynamic Can You Get?
+%%
+%% Ruby: already very dynamic.
+%% This presentation will show that DI (IoC) compliments and enhances
+%% that attribute of Ruby.
+%%========================================================================
+%back "white"
+
+
+%center, fore "#F00", font "standard", hgap 60, size 6.5
+Dependency Injection in Ruby
+%bar "#F77" 4 20 60
+%size 4, font "standard-italic", fore "#F60"
+How Dynamic Can You Get?
+
+
+
+%size 2.5, font "standard", fore "#600"
+2004 International Ruby Conference
+%size 2, fore "black", font "standard-bold"
+C h a n t i l l y ,   V i r g i n i a ,   U S A
+
+
+
+
+
+%size 2, font "standard", fore "#600"
+Jamis Buck (jgb3@email.byu.edu)
+%fore "#006", font "standard-bold"
+Brigham Young University
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. What is "Dependency Injection"?
+%%
+%% # The mirror of garbage collection, according to HLS. GC is concerned
+%%   with reclaiming memory from dead objects at the end of their
+%%   lifecycle; DI/IoC is concerned with instantiating and initializing
+%%   new objects at the beginning of their lifecycle.
+%% # Abdicates responsibility for instantiating dependencies. Instead of
+%%   an object being responsible for instantiating its own dependencies,
+%%   each object assumes that someone else will carry that responsibility,
+%%   "injecting" those dependencies into the object at the time of its
+%%   creation.
+%%
+%% h1. What about "Inversion of Control"
+%%
+%% # "Inverts" control over some aspect of the object by relegating that
+%%   control to some other object.
+%% # There are lots of opinions about whether "Inversion of Control" is
+%%   the "correct" term for what containers like Copland do. Martin Fowler
+%%   believes the term is too generic, while others claim that IoC
+%%   containers do more than just DI.
+%% # DI is a form of IoC--control over dependencies is just one kind of
+%%   control that may be inverted. Other kinds of control include
+%%   configuration, logging, concurrency, authorization, etc.
+%%
+%% h1. is it for me?
+%%
+%% # Maybe. DI does introduce some overhead, so for small tasks, or
+%%   those that rely on milking every last ounce of performance from the
+%%   Ruby interpreter, DI is probably not appropriate.
+%% # For larger, complex applications, DI can improve maintainability.
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, prefix 0, area 100 100 0 0
+
+
+
+%rcutin, size 5, font "standard", fore "#00F"
+What is "Dependency Injection"?
+%size 4
+
+%pause, rcutin, fore "black"
+Mirror of garbage collection
+%pause, rcutin
+Abdicates responsibility for instantiating dependencies
+%pause, rcutin
+Loose coupling of components
+
+%pause, rcutin, size 5, font "standard", fore "#00F"
+What about "Inversion of Control"?  
+%size 4
+
+%pause, rcutin, fore "black"
+Depends on who you ask
+%size 2
+
+%pause, size 4, rcutin, fore "black"
+%font "code"
+assert DI.kind_of?( IoC )
+%font "standard"
+Control over dependencies is "inverted"
+
+%pause, rcutin, size 8, fore "#F00", font "standard-bold"
+Is it for me?
+%size 3
+
+%size 4, pause, lcutin, font "standard-italic", fore "black"
+Maybe...
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. How can it help me?
+%%
+%% 1. Log Method Execution
+%% 2. Reference Other Services
+%% 3. Service Configuration
+%% 4. Unit Testing
+%% 5. Lifecycle Management
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+
+
+
+%size 6
+How can it help me
+
+
+%size 8, fore "#F00", font "standard-bold"
+Right now?
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. How can it help me?
+%%
+%% 1. Log Method Execution
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Log Method Execution
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80, size 3, fore "#F00", font "standard-italic"
+
+sans
+%cont, font "standard"
+ Copland
+
+%font "code", prefix 15, left, size 2.5, fore "black"
+def foo( arg1, arg2 )
+  @log.debug( "in foo with #{arg1} and #{arg2}" ) if @log.debug?
+  ...
+  result = the_result_of_the_method
+  @log.debug( "finishing foo with #{result}" ) if @log.debug
+  return result
+rescue Exception => e
+  @log.debug( "exception #{e.message} (#{e.class})" ) if @log.debug?
+  raise
+end
+
+%pause, center, prefix 0, size 3, fore "#F00", font "standard"
+With Copland
+
+%font "code", prefix 15, left, size 2.5, fore "black"
+def foo( arg1, arg2 )
+  ...
+  the_result_of_the_method
+end
+
+%size 2, fore "#F00", font "standard-italic"
+(+2 lines of YAML)
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. How can it help me?
+%%
+%% 2. Reference another service
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Reference Other Services
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80, size 3, fore "#F00", font "standard-italic"
+
+sans
+%cont, font "standard"
+ Copland
+
+%font "code", prefix 15, left, fore "black"
+def foo( parms )
+  @service ||= lookup_service
+  @service.do_something( parms )
+end
+
+%pause, center, prefix 0, size 3, fore "#F00", font "standard"
+
+With Copland
+
+%font "code", prefix 15, left, fore "black"
+attr_writer :service
+
+def foo( parms )
+  @service.do_something( parms )
+end
+
+%size 2, fore "#F00", font "standard-italic"
+(+2 lines of YAML)
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. How can it help me?
+%%
+%% 3. Service Configuration
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Service Configuration
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80, size 4, prefix 10, left
+
+%pause, rcutin
+Packages define configuration points
+
+%pause, rcutin
+Packages contribute to configuration points
+
+%pause, rcutin
+Decentralized configuration
+
+%pause, rcutin
+Services specify dependencies on configuration points
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. How can it help me?
+%%
+%% 4. Unit Testing
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Unit Testing
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80, size 3, fore "#F00", font "standard-italic"
+
+sans
+%cont, font "standard"
+ Copland
+
+%area 50 50 0 30
+%font "code", prefix 15, left, fore "black", size 5
+def foo( parms )
+  @dependency ||= MyDependency.new
+  @dependency.do_something( parms )
+end
+
+%area 50 50 50 30
+%pause, left, prefix 15, font "standard", fore "#F00"
+Tightly coupled
+Hard to test independently
+
+%area 100 50 0 50
+%pause, center, prefix 0, size 6, fore "#F00", font "standard"
+With Copland
+
+%area 50 50 0 60
+%font "code", prefix 15, left, fore "black", size 5
+attr_writer :dependency
+
+def foo( parms )
+  @dependency.do_something( parms )
+end
+
+%pause, area 50 50 45 60
+def test_foo
+  @obj.dependency = MyMockDependency.new
+  @obj.foo( parms )
+  assert @obj.in_some_state?
+end
+
+%area 100 100 0 80
+%pause, center, prefix 0, font "standard", fore "#F00", size 3
+Mock dependencies are easily injected
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. How can it help me?
+%%
+%% 5. Lifecycle Management
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Lifecycle Management
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80, size 4, left
+
+
+%fore "#00F", prefix 30
+* Service model
+%fore "black", font "standard-italic", prefix 35
+- Prototype
+- Singleton
+- Threaded
+
+
+%fore "#00F", font "standard", prefix 30
+* Instantiation
+%fore "black", font "standard-italic", prefix 35
+- immediate
+- deferred
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. How can it help me, in general?
+%%
+%% # configurable (provides a configuration framework)
+%% # reusable (encourages loose-coupling of components)
+%% # extensible (easy to swap components in or out)
+%% # debuggable (logging framework, including interceptors)
+%% # testable (small, independent components)
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+%size 4
+In general, then...
+%lcutin, size 6, fore "#00F"
+How can DI/IoC help me?
+%size 4
+
+%pause, rcutin, fore "#F00", size 5
+"CREDT"
+%size 4
+
+
+%pause, lcutin, fore "red", font "standard-bold"
+C
+%cont, fore "black", font "standard"
+onfigurable
+
+%pause, rcutin, fore "red", font "standard-bold"
+R
+%cont, fore "black", font "standard"
+eusable
+
+%pause, lcutin, fore "red", font "standard-bold"
+E
+%cont, fore "black", font "standard"
+xtensible
+
+%pause, rcutin, fore "red", font "standard-bold"
+D
+%cont, fore "black", font "standard"
+ebuggable
+
+%pause, lcutin, fore "red", font "standard-bold"
+T
+%cont, fore "black", font "standard"
+estable
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Calculator Example
+%%
+%% Given: a trivial calculator
+%% 
+%% * can't easily replace an operation with a "mock" operation
+%% * third parties cannot easily add new operations
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Consider a Calculator...
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 3
+
+%font "code", prefix 30, left
+class Calculator
+  def add( a, b )
+    a.to_f + b.to_f
+  end
+  
+  def subtract( a, b )
+    a.to_f - b.to_f
+  end
+  
+  def multiply( a, b )
+    a.to_f * b.to_f
+  end
+  
+  def divide( a, b )
+    a.to_f / b.to_f
+  end
+end
+
+%pause, font "standard-italic", size 3, prefix 0, center
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+What are some drawbacks of this approach?
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Calculator Example: Refactored
+%%
+%% Break the operations into their own classes. This allows each operation
+%% to be unit tested individually.
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center
+
+
+%size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+Refactor the operations
+into their own classes
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 3
+(calc.rb)
+
+%area 50 50 0 30
+%font "code", size 6, prefix 20, left
+class Adder
+  def compute( a, b )
+    a.to_f + b.to_f
+  end
+end
+
+class Subtracter
+  def compute( a, b )
+    a.to_f - b.to_f
+  end
+end
+
+%area 50 50 50 30
+class Multiplier
+  def compute( a, b )
+    a.to_f * b.to_f
+  end
+end
+
+class Divider
+  def compute( a, b )
+    a.to_f / b.to_f
+  end
+end
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Calculator as Container
+%%
+%% The calculator becomes a container for holding all known operations.
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Calculator as Container
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 3
+(calc.rb, continued)
+
+%font "code", size 3, prefix 15, left
+class Calculator
+  attr_writer :adder
+  attr_writer :subtractor
+  attr_writer :multiplier
+  attr_writer :divider
+
+  def add( a, b ); @adder.compute( a, b ); end
+  def subtract( a, b ); @subtractor.compute( a, b ); end
+  def multiply( a, b ); @multiplier.compute( a, b ); end
+  def divide( a, b ); @divider.compute( a, b ); end
+end
+
+%pause, font "standard", prefix 0, center
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+Notice: no explicit dependencies!
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Manual Dependency Injection
+%%
+%% Manual dependency injection. Manually instantiate all of the
+%% operations, manually instantiate the calculator, etc, etc.
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+%size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+Manual Dependency Injection
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 3
+(main.rb)
+
+
+%font "code", size 3, prefix 30, left
+require 'calc'
+
+\# instantiate the Calculator
+calc = Calculator.new
+
+\# inject the dependencies
+calc.adder = Adder.new
+calc.subtracter = Subtracter.new
+calc.multiplier = Multiplier.new
+calc.divider = Divider.new
+
+\# Voil�!
+p calc.add( 8, 5 )
+p calc.subtract( 8, 5 )
+p calc.multiply( 8, 5 )
+p calc.divide( 8, 5 )
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Enter Copland
+%%
+%% Copland removes the drudgery from dependency injection, automating it
+%% based on the dependencies you specify in a _package descriptor_.
+%% The dependencies in this case are trivial services, and are easily
+%% defined.
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Enter 
+%cont, fore "#F00", font "standard-bold"
+Copland
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%fore "black", font "standard", size 4
+
+%pause, lcutin
+First, create a 
+%cont, font "standard-italic"
+package descriptor
+%cont, font "standard"
+:
+%size 3
+(package.yml)
+
+%pause, font "code", size 3, prefix 30, left
+---
+id: calc
+
+service-points:
+
+  Adder:
+    implementor: calc/Adder
+  Subtractor:
+    implementor: calc/Subtractor
+  Multiplier:
+    implementor: calc/Multiplier
+  Divider:
+    implementor: calc/Divider
+
+
+%size 4, font "standard-italic", prefix 0, center, fore "#F00"
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+continued -->
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Package Descriptor (continued)
+%%
+%% The calculator service is more complicated, since it needs to declare
+%% the other services that it is dependent upon.
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+The Calculator Service Point
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 3
+(package.yml, continued)
+
+%font "code", size 3, prefix 20, left
+  Calculator:
+    implementor:
+      factory: copland.BuilderFactory
+      class: calc/Calculator
+      properties:
+        adder: !!service calc.Adder
+        subtracter: !!service calc.Subtracter
+        multiplier: !!service calc.Multiplier
+        divider: !!service calc.Divider
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Driver File
+%%
+%% Here we instantiate a registry, get a reference to the service, and
+%% use it!
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Putting it All Together
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 3
+(main.rb)
+
+%font "code", size 3, prefix 20, left
+require 'copland'
+
+registry = Copland::Registry.build
+
+calc = registry.service( "calc.Calculator" )
+
+p calc.add( 8, 5 )
+p calc.subtract( 8, 5 )
+p calc.multiply( 8, 5 )
+p calc.divide( 8, 5 )
+
+
+%pause, font "standard-italic", size 3, center, prefix 0
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+Good, but can we make it better?
+Can we make it so that third-parties can add new functions?
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Refining
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Refining the Calculator
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 3
+(calc.rb)
+%size 2
+
+%font "code", size 3, prefix 20, left
+class Calculator
+  # +operations+ must quack like a Hash
+  def initialize( operations )
+    @operations = operations
+  end
+
+  def method_missing( op, *args )
+    if @operations.has_key?( op )
+      return @operations[ op ].compute( *args )
+    else
+      super
+    end
+  end
+
+  def respond_to?( op )
+    super || @operations.has_key?( op )
+  end
+end
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Refining (continued)
+%% 
+%% Since we now expect the operations to be specified to the constructor
+%% via a hash (or hash-like), we need to change how the Calculator service
+%% point is defined.
+%%
+%% First, we'll create a configuration point for holding the new
+%% operations, and then we'll contribute the "default" operations to that
+%% point.
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Fix the Package Descriptor
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 3
+(package.yml)
+
+
+%font "code", size 3, prefix 20, left
+configuration-points:
+
+%fore "#F00", font "code-bold"
+  Operations
+%cont, fore "black", font "code"
+:
+    type: map
+
+contributions:
+
+%font "code-bold", fore "#F00"
+  calc.Operations
+%cont, font "code", fore "black"
+:
+    :add: !!service calc.Adder
+    :subtract: !!service calc.Subtracter
+    :multiply: !!service calc.Multiplier
+    :divide: !!service calc.Divider
+
+
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 2.5, center, prefix 0, font "standard-italic", fore "#F00"
+(Note that the keys in this case are symbols,
+hence the leading colon...)
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Refining (continued)
+%% 
+%% Lastly, we just use the configuration point to initialize the
+%% Calculator service.
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Fix the Package Descriptor
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 3
+(package.yml, continued)
+
+
+%font "code", size 3, prefix 20, left
+service-points:
+  ...
+
+  Calculator:
+    implementor:
+      factory: copland.BuilderFactory
+      class: calc/Calculator
+      parameters:
+        - !!configuration 
+%cont, fore "#F00", font "code-bold"
+calc.Operations
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Refining (continued)
+%% 
+%% Finally, we change our driver file and run it.
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Driver File
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 3
+(main.rb)
+
+%font "code", size 3, prefix 20, left
+require 'copland'
+
+registry = Copland::Registry.build
+
+calc = registry.service( "calc.Calculator" )
+
+p calc.add( 8, 5 )
+p calc.subtract( 8, 5 )
+p calc.multiply( 8, 5 )
+p calc.divide( 8, 5 )
+
+
+%pause, font "standard-italic", size 3, center, prefix 0
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+Note that this is unchanged!
+We did not change the client interface for Calculator,
+so clients of the service do not need to change.
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Benefits of this approach
+%% 
+%% * Third parties can easily add new functions to the calculator
+%% * With just a little more work we could make it possible for third
+%%   parties to redefine the "core" operations
+%% * Modular, "agile", testable
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+So What Did This Buy Us?
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+
+%size 4, pause, prefix 20, left
+* Configurable, Reusable, Extensible
+
+%pause
+* Third parties can easily add new functions
+  to the calculator by contributing their own
+  services to the calc.Operations configuration
+  point.
+
+%pause
+* With just a little more work we could make
+  it possible for third parties to redefine
+  existing operations.
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Debuggable: logs
+%%
+%% You can easily obtain access to a consistent logging mechanism by
+%% setting an attribute of your service to a log instance in your
+%% package descriptor.
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Debuggable: Consistent Logging
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 3
+(package.yml)
+
+%font "code", size 3, prefix 20, left
+service-points:
+  Calculator:
+    implementor:
+      factory: copland.BuilderFactory
+      class: calc/Calculator
+      parameters:
+        - !!configuration calc.Operations
+      properties:
+        log: !!log ~
+
+
+%size 4, font "standard-italic", prefix 0, center, fore "#F00"
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+continued -->
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Debuggable: logs (continued)
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Debuggable (continued)
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 3
+(calc.rb)
+
+%font "code", size 3, prefix 20, left
+class Calculator
+
+  attr_writer :log
+  
+  ...
+
+  def method_missing( op, *args )
+    if @operations.has_key?( op )
+%fore "#F00"
+      @log.debug "invoking #{op}" if @log.debug?
+%fore "black"
+      return @operations[ op ].compute( *args )
+    else
+      super
+    end
+  end
+
+  ...
+end
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Debuggable: interceptors
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Debuggable: Interceptors
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 3
+(package.yml)
+
+%font "code", size 3, prefix 20, left
+service-points:
+  Calculator:
+    implementor:
+      factory: copland.BuilderFactory
+      class: calc/Calculator
+      parameters:
+        - !!configuration calc.Operations
+    interceptors:
+      - service: copland.LoggingInterceptor
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Testable
+%%
+%% Each component may be tested independently of the others by substituting
+%% mock objects.
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Testable
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 3
+(test.rb)
+
+%font "code", size 2.5, prefix 15, left
+class TC_Calculator < Test::Unit::TestCase
+  class MockOperation; def compute( a, b ); "#{a}:#{b}"; end; end
+
+  def setup; @calc = Calculator.new( :mock => MockOperation.new ); end
+
+  def test_operation
+    assert_equal "hello:world", @calc.mock( "hello", "world" )
+  end
+
+  def test_missing
+    assert_raised( NoMethodError ) { @calc.bogus( 1, 2 ) }
+  end
+end
+
+class TC_Adder < Test::Unit::TestCase
+  def test_add
+    assert_equal -5, Adder.new.compute( 1, -6 )
+  end
+end
+
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+%size 2.5, center, prefix 0, font "standard-italic", fore "#F00"
+Each component can be tested independently
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. A "real" example
+%% 
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+A Real Example
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+
+%size 4, prefix 20, left
+* 
+%cont, fore "#F00"
+Packrat
+%cont, fore "black"
+: package documentation extractor
+  for Copland
+
+  example output:
+%fore "#00F"
+  http://copland.rubyforge.org/packrat
+%fore "black"
+
+* Looks at all available package descriptors
+  and formats them according to a specified
+  template.
+
+* Implemented using Copland!
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Other uses...
+%% 
+%% * Database abstraction layer
+%% * object-relational mapping tool
+%% * web application framework
+%% * tying all three above together!
+%% * personal finance manager
+%% * text editor
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Copland: Other Uses
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+
+%size 4, pause, lcutin
+Database abstraction layer
+
+%pause, rcutin
+Object-relational mapping layer
+
+%pause, lcutin
+Web application framework
+
+%pause, rcutin
+All-In-One: "
+%fore "#F00", cont
+Framework Glue
+%fore "black", cont
+"
+
+%pause, lcutin
+Text editor, IDE, Mail client, etc...
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Other features
+%%
+%% service models, substitution symbols, etc.
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Other Features of Copland
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80, size 2
+
+%size 3, prefix 10, font "standard-bold", rcutin, left
+Service Models
+
+%prefix 20, font "standard", pause
+prototype, prototype-deferred, singleton, singleton-deferred,
+threaded, roll-your-own
+
+%pause, rcutin, prefix 10, font "standard-bold"
+Substitution Symbols
+
+%prefix 20, font "code", pause
+properties:
+  user: ${user.name}
+...
+contributions:
+  copland.ApplicationDefaults:
+    user.name: minam
+
+%pause, rcutin, prefix 10, font "standard-bold"
+Other Features
+
+%prefix 20, font "standard", pause
+customizable logging, listener/producer systems,
+interceptor ordering, distributing packages
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Other cool things to try...
+%%
+%% copland-lib, copland-remote, copland-webrick
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Other Cool Things to Try
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+
+%prefix 10, size 3, font "standard-bold", left
+copland-lib
+
+%prefix 20, font "standard", pause
+* multicast services
+%pause
+* interceptors for redirecting, blocking, and synchronizing
+  messages
+
+%prefix 10, font "standard-bold", pause
+copland-remote
+
+%prefix 20, font "standard", pause
+* bridge remote registries via DRb, SOAP, XML-RPC
+%pause
+* import web services transparently as Copland services
+%pause
+* easily export any Copland service as a web service
+
+
+%prefix 10, font "standard-bold", pause
+copland-webrick
+
+%prefix 20, font "standard", pause
+* easily configure and operate WEBrick servers
+%pause
+* make any service invokable via HTTP using WEBrick
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Future Directions
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Future Directions
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+
+%size 4, prefix 20, left
+* Type 1 IoC (Interface Injection)
+
+* Simplified API for package/service creation
+
+* Define dependencies in code
+  "ActiveCopland"
+%cont, font "standard-italic", size 3
+ (sorry, David...)
+%size 4, font "standard"
+
+* "Ruby-ize". Might require a new project...
+
+* Educate, educate, educate!
+
+%page
+%%========================================================================
+%% h1. Getting Copland
+%%========================================================================
+%fore "black", center, area 100 100 0 0, size 6, font "standard", prefix 0
+
+Getting Copland
+%bar "#F77" 4 10 80
+
+%size 4, prefix 20, left
+* RubyGems: 
+%font "code", cont
+gem install copland
+%font "standard"
+
+* RPA: 
+%font "code", cont
+rpa install copland
+%font "standard"
+
+* tar.bz2, tar.gz, zip:
+%fore "#00F"
+  http://rubyforge.org/projects/copland
+%fore "black"
+
+* User's Manual:
+%fore "#00F"
+  http://copland.rubyforge.org
+%fore "black"