cool.io 1.2.0-x86-mingw32

data/ext/libev/README.embed

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+This file is now included in the main libev documentation, see
+
+   http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.html

data/ext/libev/ev.c

@@ -0,0 +1,4803 @@
+/*
+ * libev event processing core, watcher management
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ *   1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ *       this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ *   2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+/* this big block deduces configuration from config.h */
+#ifndef EV_STANDALONE
+# ifdef EV_CONFIG_H
+#  include EV_CONFIG_H
+# else
+#  include "config.h"
+# endif
+
+#if HAVE_FLOOR
+# ifndef EV_USE_FLOOR
+#  define EV_USE_FLOOR 1
+# endif
+#endif
+
+# if HAVE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+#  ifndef EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+#   define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 1
+#   ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
+#    define EV_USE_REALTIME  0
+#   endif
+#   ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+#    define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
+#   endif
+#  endif
+# elif !defined EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+#  define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 0
+# endif
+
+# if HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME
+#  ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+#   define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
+#  endif
+#  ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
+#   define EV_USE_REALTIME  0
+#  endif
+# else
+#  ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+#   define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
+#  endif
+#  ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
+#   define EV_USE_REALTIME  0
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+# if HAVE_NANOSLEEP
+#  ifndef EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
+#    define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP EV_FEATURE_OS
+#  endif
+# else
+#   undef EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
+#   define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP 0
+# endif
+
+# if HAVE_SELECT && HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
+#  ifndef EV_USE_SELECT
+#   define EV_USE_SELECT EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
+#  endif
+# else
+#  undef EV_USE_SELECT
+#  define EV_USE_SELECT 0
+# endif
+
+# if HAVE_POLL && HAVE_POLL_H
+#  ifndef EV_USE_POLL
+#   define EV_USE_POLL EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
+#  endif
+# else
+#  undef EV_USE_POLL
+#  define EV_USE_POLL 0
+# endif
+   
+# if HAVE_EPOLL_CTL && HAVE_SYS_EPOLL_H
+#  ifndef EV_USE_EPOLL
+#   define EV_USE_EPOLL EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
+#  endif
+# else
+#  undef EV_USE_EPOLL
+#  define EV_USE_EPOLL 0
+# endif
+   
+# if HAVE_KQUEUE && HAVE_SYS_EVENT_H
+#  ifndef EV_USE_KQUEUE
+#   define EV_USE_KQUEUE EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
+#  endif
+# else
+#  undef EV_USE_KQUEUE
+#  define EV_USE_KQUEUE 0
+# endif
+   
+# if HAVE_PORT_H && HAVE_PORT_CREATE
+#  ifndef EV_USE_PORT
+#   define EV_USE_PORT EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
+#  endif
+# else
+#  undef EV_USE_PORT
+#  define EV_USE_PORT 0
+# endif
+
+# if HAVE_INOTIFY_INIT && HAVE_SYS_INOTIFY_H
+#  ifndef EV_USE_INOTIFY
+#   define EV_USE_INOTIFY EV_FEATURE_OS
+#  endif
+# else
+#  undef EV_USE_INOTIFY
+#  define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
+# endif
+
+# if HAVE_SIGNALFD && HAVE_SYS_SIGNALFD_H
+#  ifndef EV_USE_SIGNALFD
+#   define EV_USE_SIGNALFD EV_FEATURE_OS
+#  endif
+# else
+#  undef EV_USE_SIGNALFD
+#  define EV_USE_SIGNALFD 0
+# endif
+
+# if HAVE_EVENTFD
+#  ifndef EV_USE_EVENTFD
+#   define EV_USE_EVENTFD EV_FEATURE_OS
+#  endif
+# else
+#  undef EV_USE_EVENTFD
+#  define EV_USE_EVENTFD 0
+# endif
+ 
+#endif
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+
+#include <signal.h>
+
+#ifdef EV_H
+# include EV_H
+#else
+# include "ev.h"
+#endif
+
+#if EV_NO_THREADS
+# undef EV_NO_SMP
+# define EV_NO_SMP 1
+# undef ECB_NO_THREADS
+# define ECB_NO_THREADS 1
+#endif
+#if EV_NO_SMP
+# undef EV_NO_SMP
+# define ECB_NO_SMP 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+# include <sys/time.h>
+# include <sys/wait.h>
+# include <unistd.h>
+#else
+# include <io.h>
+# define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+# include <winsock2.h>
+# include <windows.h>
+# ifndef EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+#  define EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET 1
+# endif
+# undef EV_AVOID_STDIO
+#endif
+
+/* OS X, in its infinite idiocy, actually HARDCODES
+ * a limit of 1024 into their select. Where people have brains,
+ * OS X engineers apparently have a vacuum. Or maybe they were
+ * ordered to have a vacuum, or they do anything for money.
+ * This might help. Or not.
+ */
+#define _DARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT 1
+
+/* this block tries to deduce configuration from header-defined symbols and defaults */
+
+/* try to deduce the maximum number of signals on this platform */
+#if defined EV_NSIG
+/* use what's provided */
+#elif defined NSIG
+# define EV_NSIG (NSIG)
+#elif defined _NSIG
+# define EV_NSIG (_NSIG)
+#elif defined SIGMAX
+# define EV_NSIG (SIGMAX+1)
+#elif defined SIG_MAX
+# define EV_NSIG (SIG_MAX+1)
+#elif defined _SIG_MAX
+# define EV_NSIG (_SIG_MAX+1)
+#elif defined MAXSIG
+# define EV_NSIG (MAXSIG+1)
+#elif defined MAX_SIG
+# define EV_NSIG (MAX_SIG+1)
+#elif defined SIGARRAYSIZE
+# define EV_NSIG (SIGARRAYSIZE) /* Assume ary[SIGARRAYSIZE] */
+#elif defined _sys_nsig
+# define EV_NSIG (_sys_nsig) /* Solaris 2.5 */
+#else
+# error "unable to find value for NSIG, please report"
+/* to make it compile regardless, just remove the above line, */
+/* but consider reporting it, too! :) */
+# define EV_NSIG 65
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_FLOOR
+# define EV_USE_FLOOR 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+# if __linux && __GLIBC__ >= 2
+#  define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL EV_FEATURE_OS
+# else
+#  define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+# if defined _POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK && _POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK >= 0
+#  define EV_USE_MONOTONIC EV_FEATURE_OS
+# else
+#  define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
+# define EV_USE_REALTIME !EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
+# if _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 199309L
+#  define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP EV_FEATURE_OS
+# else
+#  define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_SELECT
+# define EV_USE_SELECT EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_POLL
+# ifdef _WIN32
+#  define EV_USE_POLL 0
+# else
+#  define EV_USE_POLL EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_EPOLL
+# if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 4))
+#  define EV_USE_EPOLL EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
+# else
+#  define EV_USE_EPOLL 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_KQUEUE
+# define EV_USE_KQUEUE 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_PORT
+# define EV_USE_PORT 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_INOTIFY
+# if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 4))
+#  define EV_USE_INOTIFY EV_FEATURE_OS
+# else
+#  define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_PID_HASHSIZE
+# define EV_PID_HASHSIZE EV_FEATURE_DATA ? 16 : 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE
+# define EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE EV_FEATURE_DATA ? 16 : 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_EVENTFD
+# if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 7))
+#  define EV_USE_EVENTFD EV_FEATURE_OS
+# else
+#  define EV_USE_EVENTFD 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_SIGNALFD
+# if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 7))
+#  define EV_USE_SIGNALFD EV_FEATURE_OS
+# else
+#  define EV_USE_SIGNALFD 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if 0 /* debugging */
+# define EV_VERIFY 3
+# define EV_USE_4HEAP 1
+# define EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_VERIFY
+# define EV_VERIFY (EV_FEATURE_API ? 1 : 0)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_4HEAP
+# define EV_USE_4HEAP EV_FEATURE_DATA
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT
+# define EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT EV_FEATURE_DATA
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ANDROID
+/* supposedly, android doesn't typedef fd_mask */
+# undef EV_USE_SELECT
+# define EV_USE_SELECT 0
+/* supposedly, we need to include syscall.h, not sys/syscall.h, so just disable */
+# undef EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+# define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 0
+#endif
+
+/* aix's poll.h seems to cause lots of trouble */
+#ifdef _AIX
+/* AIX has a completely broken poll.h header */
+# undef EV_USE_POLL
+# define EV_USE_POLL 0
+#endif
+
+/* on linux, we can use a (slow) syscall to avoid a dependency on pthread, */
+/* which makes programs even slower. might work on other unices, too. */
+#if EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+# include <sys/syscall.h>
+# ifdef SYS_clock_gettime
+#  define clock_gettime(id, ts) syscall (SYS_clock_gettime, (id), (ts))
+#  undef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+#  define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
+# else
+#  undef EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+#  define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/* this block fixes any misconfiguration where we know we run into trouble otherwise */
+
+#ifndef CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+# undef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+# define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CLOCK_REALTIME
+# undef EV_USE_REALTIME
+# define EV_USE_REALTIME 0
+#endif
+
+#if !EV_STAT_ENABLE
+# undef EV_USE_INOTIFY
+# define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
+#endif
+
+#if !EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
+/* hp-ux has it in sys/time.h, which we unconditionally include above */
+# if !defined _WIN32 && !defined __hpux
+#  include <sys/select.h>
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+# include <sys/statfs.h>
+# include <sys/inotify.h>
+/* some very old inotify.h headers don't have IN_DONT_FOLLOW */
+# ifndef IN_DONT_FOLLOW
+#  undef EV_USE_INOTIFY
+#  define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+/* our minimum requirement is glibc 2.7 which has the stub, but not the header */
+# include <stdint.h>
+# ifndef EFD_NONBLOCK
+#  define EFD_NONBLOCK O_NONBLOCK
+# endif
+# ifndef EFD_CLOEXEC
+#  ifdef O_CLOEXEC
+#   define EFD_CLOEXEC O_CLOEXEC
+#  else
+#   define EFD_CLOEXEC 02000000
+#  endif
+# endif
+EV_CPP(extern "C") int (eventfd) (unsigned int initval, int flags);
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
+/* our minimum requirement is glibc 2.7 which has the stub, but not the header */
+# include <stdint.h>
+# ifndef SFD_NONBLOCK
+#  define SFD_NONBLOCK O_NONBLOCK
+# endif
+# ifndef SFD_CLOEXEC
+#  ifdef O_CLOEXEC
+#   define SFD_CLOEXEC O_CLOEXEC
+#  else
+#   define SFD_CLOEXEC 02000000
+#  endif
+# endif
+EV_CPP (extern "C") int signalfd (int fd, const sigset_t *mask, int flags);
+
+struct signalfd_siginfo
+{
+  uint32_t ssi_signo;
+  char pad[128 - sizeof (uint32_t)];
+};
+#endif
+
+/**/
+
+#if EV_VERIFY >= 3
+# define EV_FREQUENT_CHECK ev_verify (EV_A)
+#else
+# define EV_FREQUENT_CHECK do { } while (0)
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * This is used to work around floating point rounding problems.
+ * This value is good at least till the year 4000.
+ */
+#define MIN_INTERVAL  0.0001220703125 /* 1/2**13, good till 4000 */
+/*#define MIN_INTERVAL  0.00000095367431640625 /* 1/2**20, good till 2200 */
+
+#define MIN_TIMEJUMP  1. /* minimum timejump that gets detected (if monotonic clock available) */
+#define MAX_BLOCKTIME 59.743 /* never wait longer than this time (to detect time jumps) */
+
+#define EV_TV_SET(tv,t) do { tv.tv_sec = (long)t; tv.tv_usec = (long)((t - tv.tv_sec) * 1e6); } while (0)
+#define EV_TS_SET(ts,t) do { ts.tv_sec = (long)t; ts.tv_nsec = (long)((t - ts.tv_sec) * 1e9); } while (0)
+
+/* the following is ecb.h embedded into libev - use update_ev_c to update from an external copy */
+/* ECB.H BEGIN */
+/*
+ * libecb - http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/libecb
+ *
+ * Copyright (©) 2009-2012 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libecb@schmorp.de>
+ * Copyright (©) 2011 Emanuele Giaquinta
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ *   1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ *       this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ *   2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ECB_H
+#define ECB_H
+
+/* 16 bits major, 16 bits minor */
+#define ECB_VERSION 0x00010003
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  typedef   signed char   int8_t;
+  typedef unsigned char  uint8_t;
+  typedef   signed short  int16_t;
+  typedef unsigned short uint16_t;
+  typedef   signed int    int32_t;
+  typedef unsigned int   uint32_t;
+  #if __GNUC__
+    typedef   signed long long int64_t;
+    typedef unsigned long long uint64_t;
+  #else /* _MSC_VER || __BORLANDC__ */
+    typedef   signed __int64   int64_t;
+    typedef unsigned __int64   uint64_t;
+  #endif
+  #ifdef _WIN64
+    #define ECB_PTRSIZE 8
+    typedef uint64_t uintptr_t;
+    typedef  int64_t  intptr_t;
+  #else
+    #define ECB_PTRSIZE 4
+    typedef uint32_t uintptr_t;
+    typedef  int32_t  intptr_t;
+  #endif
+#else
+  #include <inttypes.h>
+  #if UINTMAX_MAX > 0xffffffffU
+    #define ECB_PTRSIZE 8
+  #else
+    #define ECB_PTRSIZE 4
+  #endif
+#endif
+
+/* work around x32 idiocy by defining proper macros */
+#if __x86_64 || _M_AMD64
+  #if __ILP32
+    #define ECB_AMD64_X32 1
+  #else
+    #define ECB_AMD64 1
+  #endif
+#endif
+
+/* many compilers define _GNUC_ to some versions but then only implement
+ * what their idiot authors think are the "more important" extensions,
+ * causing enormous grief in return for some better fake benchmark numbers.
+ * or so.
+ * we try to detect these and simply assume they are not gcc - if they have
+ * an issue with that they should have done it right in the first place.
+ */
+#ifndef ECB_GCC_VERSION
+  #if !defined __GNUC_MINOR__ || defined __INTEL_COMPILER || defined __SUNPRO_C || defined __SUNPRO_CC || defined __llvm__ || defined __clang__
+    #define ECB_GCC_VERSION(major,minor) 0
+  #else
+    #define ECB_GCC_VERSION(major,minor) (__GNUC__ > (major) || (__GNUC__ == (major) && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= (minor)))
+  #endif
+#endif
+
+#define ECB_C     (__STDC__+0) /* this assumes that __STDC__ is either empty or a number */
+#define ECB_C99   (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)
+#define ECB_C11   (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L)
+#define ECB_CPP   (__cplusplus+0)
+#define ECB_CPP11 (__cplusplus >= 201103L)
+
+#if ECB_CPP
+  #define ECB_EXTERN_C extern "C"
+  #define ECB_EXTERN_C_BEG ECB_EXTERN_C {
+  #define ECB_EXTERN_C_END }
+#else
+  #define ECB_EXTERN_C extern
+  #define ECB_EXTERN_C_BEG
+  #define ECB_EXTERN_C_END
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+/* ECB_NO_THREADS - ecb is not used by multiple threads, ever */
+/* ECB_NO_SMP     - ecb might be used in multiple threads, but only on a single cpu */
+
+#if ECB_NO_THREADS
+  #define ECB_NO_SMP 1
+#endif
+
+#if ECB_NO_SMP
+  #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE do { } while (0)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
+  #if ECB_GCC_VERSION(2,5) || defined __INTEL_COMPILER || (__llvm__ && __GNUC__) || __SUNPRO_C >= 0x5110 || __SUNPRO_CC >= 0x5110
+    #if __i386 || __i386__
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("lock; orb $0, -1(%%esp)" : : : "memory")
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE __asm__ __volatile__ (""                        : : : "memory")
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE __asm__ __volatile__ ("")
+    #elif __amd64 || __amd64__ || __x86_64 || __x86_64__
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("mfence"   : : : "memory")
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE __asm__ __volatile__ (""         : : : "memory")
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE __asm__ __volatile__ ("")
+    #elif __powerpc__ || __ppc__ || __powerpc64__ || __ppc64__
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("sync"     : : : "memory")
+    #elif defined __ARM_ARCH_6__  || defined __ARM_ARCH_6J__  \
+       || defined __ARM_ARCH_6K__ || defined __ARM_ARCH_6ZK__
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("mcr p15,0,%0,c7,c10,5" : : "r" (0) : "memory")
+    #elif defined __ARM_ARCH_7__  || defined __ARM_ARCH_7A__  \
+       || defined __ARM_ARCH_7M__ || defined __ARM_ARCH_7R__
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("dmb"      : : : "memory")
+    #elif __sparc || __sparc__
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("membar #LoadStore | #LoadLoad | #StoreStore | #StoreLoad" : : : "memory")
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE __asm__ __volatile__ ("membar #LoadStore | #LoadLoad"                            : : : "memory")
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE __asm__ __volatile__ ("membar #LoadStore             | #StoreStore")
+    #elif defined __s390__ || defined __s390x__
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("bcr 15,0" : : : "memory")
+    #elif defined __mips__
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("sync"     : : : "memory")
+    #elif defined __alpha__
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("mb"       : : : "memory")
+    #elif defined __hppa__
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ (""         : : : "memory")
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE __asm__ __volatile__ ("")
+    #elif defined __ia64__
+      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("mf"       : : : "memory")
+    #endif
+  #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
+  #if ECB_GCC_VERSION(4,7)
+    /* see comment below (stdatomic.h) about the C11 memory model. */
+    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __atomic_thread_fence (__ATOMIC_SEQ_CST)
+
+  /* The __has_feature syntax from clang is so misdesigned that we cannot use it
+   * without risking compile time errors with other compilers. We *could*
+   * define our own ecb_clang_has_feature, but I just can't be bothered to work
+   * around this shit time and again.
+   * #elif defined __clang && __has_feature (cxx_atomic)
+   *   // see comment below (stdatomic.h) about the C11 memory model.
+   *   #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __c11_atomic_thread_fence (__ATOMIC_SEQ_CST)
+   */
+
+  #elif ECB_GCC_VERSION(4,4) || defined __INTEL_COMPILER || defined __clang__
+    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __sync_synchronize ()
+  #elif _MSC_VER >= 1400 /* VC++ 2005 */
+    #pragma intrinsic(_ReadBarrier,_WriteBarrier,_ReadWriteBarrier)
+    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         _ReadWriteBarrier ()
+    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE _ReadWriteBarrier () /* according to msdn, _ReadBarrier is not a load fence */
+    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE _WriteBarrier ()
+  #elif defined _WIN32
+    #include <WinNT.h>
+    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         MemoryBarrier () /* actually just xchg on x86... scary */
+  #elif __SUNPRO_C >= 0x5110 || __SUNPRO_CC >= 0x5110
+    #include <mbarrier.h>
+    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __machine_rw_barrier ()
+    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE __machine_r_barrier  ()
+    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE __machine_w_barrier  ()
+  #elif __xlC__
+    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __sync ()
+  #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
+  #if ECB_C11 && !defined __STDC_NO_ATOMICS__
+    /* we assume that these memory fences work on all variables/all memory accesses, */
+    /* not just C11 atomics and atomic accesses */
+    #include <stdatomic.h>
+    /* Unfortunately, neither gcc 4.7 nor clang 3.1 generate any instructions for */
+    /* any fence other than seq_cst, which isn't very efficient for us. */
+    /* Why that is, we don't know - either the C11 memory model is quite useless */
+    /* for most usages, or gcc and clang have a bug */
+    /* I *currently* lean towards the latter, and inefficiently implement */
+    /* all three of ecb's fences as a seq_cst fence */
+    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         atomic_thread_fence (memory_order_seq_cst)
+  #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
+  #if !ECB_AVOID_PTHREADS
+    /*
+     * if you get undefined symbol references to pthread_mutex_lock,
+     * or failure to find pthread.h, then you should implement
+     * the ECB_MEMORY_FENCE operations for your cpu/compiler
+     * OR provide pthread.h and link against the posix thread library
+     * of your system.
+     */
+    #include <pthread.h>
+    #define ECB_NEEDS_PTHREADS 1
+    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_NEEDS_PTHREADS 1
+
+    static pthread_mutex_t ecb_mf_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE do { pthread_mutex_lock (&ecb_mf_lock); pthread_mutex_unlock (&ecb_mf_lock); } while (0)
+  #endif
+#endif
+
+#if !defined ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE && defined ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
+  #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
+#endif
+
+#if !defined ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE && defined ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
+  #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#if __cplusplus
+  #define ecb_inline static inline
+#elif ECB_GCC_VERSION(2,5)
+  #define ecb_inline static __inline__
+#elif ECB_C99
+  #define ecb_inline static inline
+#else
+  #define ecb_inline static
+#endif
+
+#if ECB_GCC_VERSION(3,3)
+  #define ecb_restrict __restrict__
+#elif ECB_C99
+  #define ecb_restrict restrict
+#else
+  #define ecb_restrict
+#endif
+
+typedef int ecb_bool;
+
+#define ECB_CONCAT_(a, b) a ## b
+#define ECB_CONCAT(a, b) ECB_CONCAT_(a, b)
+#define ECB_STRINGIFY_(a) # a
+#define ECB_STRINGIFY(a) ECB_STRINGIFY_(a)
+
+#define ecb_function_ ecb_inline
+
+#if ECB_GCC_VERSION(3,1)
+  #define ecb_attribute(attrlist)        __attribute__(attrlist)
+  #define ecb_is_constant(expr)          __builtin_constant_p (expr)
+  #define ecb_expect(expr,value)         __builtin_expect ((expr),(value))
+  #define ecb_prefetch(addr,rw,locality) __builtin_prefetch (addr, rw, locality)
+#else
+  #define ecb_attribute(attrlist)
+  #define ecb_is_constant(expr)          0
+  #define ecb_expect(expr,value)         (expr)
+  #define ecb_prefetch(addr,rw,locality)
+#endif
+
+/* no emulation for ecb_decltype */
+#if ECB_GCC_VERSION(4,5)
+  #define ecb_decltype(x) __decltype(x)
+#elif ECB_GCC_VERSION(3,0)
+  #define ecb_decltype(x) __typeof(x)
+#endif
+
+#define ecb_noinline   ecb_attribute ((__noinline__))
+#define ecb_unused     ecb_attribute ((__unused__))
+#define ecb_const      ecb_attribute ((__const__))
+#define ecb_pure       ecb_attribute ((__pure__))
+
+#if ECB_C11
+  #define ecb_noreturn   _Noreturn
+#else
+  #define ecb_noreturn   ecb_attribute ((__noreturn__))
+#endif
+
+#if ECB_GCC_VERSION(4,3)
+  #define ecb_artificial ecb_attribute ((__artificial__))
+  #define ecb_hot        ecb_attribute ((__hot__))
+  #define ecb_cold       ecb_attribute ((__cold__))
+#else
+  #define ecb_artificial
+  #define ecb_hot
+  #define ecb_cold
+#endif
+
+/* put around conditional expressions if you are very sure that the  */
+/* expression is mostly true or mostly false. note that these return */
+/* booleans, not the expression.                                     */
+#define ecb_expect_false(expr) ecb_expect (!!(expr), 0)
+#define ecb_expect_true(expr)  ecb_expect (!!(expr), 1)
+/* for compatibility to the rest of the world */
+#define ecb_likely(expr)   ecb_expect_true  (expr)
+#define ecb_unlikely(expr) ecb_expect_false (expr)
+
+/* count trailing zero bits and count # of one bits */
+#if ECB_GCC_VERSION(3,4)
+  /* we assume int == 32 bit, long == 32 or 64 bit and long long == 64 bit */
+  #define ecb_ld32(x)      (__builtin_clz      (x) ^ 31)
+  #define ecb_ld64(x)      (__builtin_clzll    (x) ^ 63)
+  #define ecb_ctz32(x)      __builtin_ctz      (x)
+  #define ecb_ctz64(x)      __builtin_ctzll    (x)
+  #define ecb_popcount32(x) __builtin_popcount (x)
+  /* no popcountll */
+#else
+  ecb_function_ int ecb_ctz32 (uint32_t x) ecb_const;
+  ecb_function_ int
+  ecb_ctz32 (uint32_t x)
+  {
+    int r = 0;
+
+    x &= ~x + 1; /* this isolates the lowest bit */
+
+#if ECB_branchless_on_i386
+    r += !!(x & 0xaaaaaaaa) << 0;
+    r += !!(x & 0xcccccccc) << 1;
+    r += !!(x & 0xf0f0f0f0) << 2;
+    r += !!(x & 0xff00ff00) << 3;
+    r += !!(x & 0xffff0000) << 4;
+#else
+    if (x & 0xaaaaaaaa) r +=  1;
+    if (x & 0xcccccccc) r +=  2;
+    if (x & 0xf0f0f0f0) r +=  4;
+    if (x & 0xff00ff00) r +=  8;
+    if (x & 0xffff0000) r += 16;
+#endif
+
+    return r;
+  }
+
+  ecb_function_ int ecb_ctz64 (uint64_t x) ecb_const;
+  ecb_function_ int
+  ecb_ctz64 (uint64_t x)
+  {
+    int shift = x & 0xffffffffU ? 0 : 32;
+    return ecb_ctz32 (x >> shift) + shift;
+  }
+
+  ecb_function_ int ecb_popcount32 (uint32_t x) ecb_const;
+  ecb_function_ int
+  ecb_popcount32 (uint32_t x)
+  {
+    x -=  (x >> 1) & 0x55555555;
+    x  = ((x >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (x & 0x33333333);
+    x  = ((x >> 4) + x) & 0x0f0f0f0f;
+    x *= 0x01010101;
+
+    return x >> 24;
+  }
+
+  ecb_function_ int ecb_ld32 (uint32_t x) ecb_const;
+  ecb_function_ int ecb_ld32 (uint32_t x)
+  {
+    int r = 0;
+
+    if (x >> 16) { x >>= 16; r += 16; }
+    if (x >>  8) { x >>=  8; r +=  8; }
+    if (x >>  4) { x >>=  4; r +=  4; }
+    if (x >>  2) { x >>=  2; r +=  2; }
+    if (x >>  1) {           r +=  1; }
+
+    return r;
+  }
+
+  ecb_function_ int ecb_ld64 (uint64_t x) ecb_const;
+  ecb_function_ int ecb_ld64 (uint64_t x)
+  {
+    int r = 0;
+
+    if (x >> 32) { x >>= 32; r += 32; }
+
+    return r + ecb_ld32 (x);
+  }
+#endif
+
+ecb_function_ ecb_bool ecb_is_pot32 (uint32_t x) ecb_const;
+ecb_function_ ecb_bool ecb_is_pot32 (uint32_t x) { return !(x & (x - 1)); }
+ecb_function_ ecb_bool ecb_is_pot64 (uint64_t x) ecb_const;
+ecb_function_ ecb_bool ecb_is_pot64 (uint64_t x) { return !(x & (x - 1)); }
+
+ecb_function_ uint8_t  ecb_bitrev8  (uint8_t  x) ecb_const;
+ecb_function_ uint8_t  ecb_bitrev8  (uint8_t  x)
+{
+  return (  (x * 0x0802U & 0x22110U)
+          | (x * 0x8020U & 0x88440U)) * 0x10101U >> 16; 
+}
+
+ecb_function_ uint16_t ecb_bitrev16 (uint16_t x) ecb_const;
+ecb_function_ uint16_t ecb_bitrev16 (uint16_t x)
+{
+  x = ((x >>  1) &     0x5555) | ((x &     0x5555) <<  1);
+  x = ((x >>  2) &     0x3333) | ((x &     0x3333) <<  2);
+  x = ((x >>  4) &     0x0f0f) | ((x &     0x0f0f) <<  4);
+  x = ( x >>  8              ) | ( x               <<  8);
+
+  return x;
+}
+
+ecb_function_ uint32_t ecb_bitrev32 (uint32_t x) ecb_const;
+ecb_function_ uint32_t ecb_bitrev32 (uint32_t x)
+{
+  x = ((x >>  1) & 0x55555555) | ((x & 0x55555555) <<  1);
+  x = ((x >>  2) & 0x33333333) | ((x & 0x33333333) <<  2);
+  x = ((x >>  4) & 0x0f0f0f0f) | ((x & 0x0f0f0f0f) <<  4);
+  x = ((x >>  8) & 0x00ff00ff) | ((x & 0x00ff00ff) <<  8);
+  x = ( x >> 16              ) | ( x               << 16);
+
+  return x;
+}
+
+/* popcount64 is only available on 64 bit cpus as gcc builtin */
+/* so for this version we are lazy */
+ecb_function_ int ecb_popcount64 (uint64_t x) ecb_const;
+ecb_function_ int
+ecb_popcount64 (uint64_t x)
+{
+  return ecb_popcount32 (x) + ecb_popcount32 (x >> 32);
+}
+
+ecb_inline uint8_t  ecb_rotl8  (uint8_t  x, unsigned int count) ecb_const;
+ecb_inline uint8_t  ecb_rotr8  (uint8_t  x, unsigned int count) ecb_const;
+ecb_inline uint16_t ecb_rotl16 (uint16_t x, unsigned int count) ecb_const;
+ecb_inline uint16_t ecb_rotr16 (uint16_t x, unsigned int count) ecb_const;
+ecb_inline uint32_t ecb_rotl32 (uint32_t x, unsigned int count) ecb_const;
+ecb_inline uint32_t ecb_rotr32 (uint32_t x, unsigned int count) ecb_const;
+ecb_inline uint64_t ecb_rotl64 (uint64_t x, unsigned int count) ecb_const;
+ecb_inline uint64_t ecb_rotr64 (uint64_t x, unsigned int count) ecb_const;
+
+ecb_inline uint8_t  ecb_rotl8  (uint8_t  x, unsigned int count) { return (x >> ( 8 - count)) | (x << count); }
+ecb_inline uint8_t  ecb_rotr8  (uint8_t  x, unsigned int count) { return (x << ( 8 - count)) | (x >> count); }
+ecb_inline uint16_t ecb_rotl16 (uint16_t x, unsigned int count) { return (x >> (16 - count)) | (x << count); }
+ecb_inline uint16_t ecb_rotr16 (uint16_t x, unsigned int count) { return (x << (16 - count)) | (x >> count); }
+ecb_inline uint32_t ecb_rotl32 (uint32_t x, unsigned int count) { return (x >> (32 - count)) | (x << count); }
+ecb_inline uint32_t ecb_rotr32 (uint32_t x, unsigned int count) { return (x << (32 - count)) | (x >> count); }
+ecb_inline uint64_t ecb_rotl64 (uint64_t x, unsigned int count) { return (x >> (64 - count)) | (x << count); }
+ecb_inline uint64_t ecb_rotr64 (uint64_t x, unsigned int count) { return (x << (64 - count)) | (x >> count); }
+
+#if ECB_GCC_VERSION(4,3)
+  #define ecb_bswap16(x) (__builtin_bswap32 (x) >> 16)
+  #define ecb_bswap32(x)  __builtin_bswap32 (x)
+  #define ecb_bswap64(x)  __builtin_bswap64 (x)
+#else
+  ecb_function_ uint16_t ecb_bswap16 (uint16_t x) ecb_const;
+  ecb_function_ uint16_t
+  ecb_bswap16 (uint16_t x)
+  {
+    return ecb_rotl16 (x, 8);
+  }
+
+  ecb_function_ uint32_t ecb_bswap32 (uint32_t x) ecb_const;
+  ecb_function_ uint32_t
+  ecb_bswap32 (uint32_t x)
+  {
+    return (((uint32_t)ecb_bswap16 (x)) << 16) | ecb_bswap16 (x >> 16);
+  }
+
+  ecb_function_ uint64_t ecb_bswap64 (uint64_t x) ecb_const;
+  ecb_function_ uint64_t
+  ecb_bswap64 (uint64_t x)
+  {
+    return (((uint64_t)ecb_bswap32 (x)) << 32) | ecb_bswap32 (x >> 32);
+  }
+#endif
+
+#if ECB_GCC_VERSION(4,5)
+  #define ecb_unreachable() __builtin_unreachable ()
+#else
+  /* this seems to work fine, but gcc always emits a warning for it :/ */
+  ecb_inline void ecb_unreachable (void) ecb_noreturn;
+  ecb_inline void ecb_unreachable (void) { }
+#endif
+
+/* try to tell the compiler that some condition is definitely true */
+#define ecb_assume(cond) if (!(cond)) ecb_unreachable (); else 0
+
+ecb_inline unsigned char ecb_byteorder_helper (void) ecb_const;
+ecb_inline unsigned char
+ecb_byteorder_helper (void)
+{
+  /* the union code still generates code under pressure in gcc, */
+  /* but less than using pointers, and always seems to */
+  /* successfully return a constant. */
+  /* the reason why we have this horrible preprocessor mess */
+  /* is to avoid it in all cases, at least on common architectures */
+  /* or when using a recent enough gcc version (>= 4.6) */
+#if __i386 || __i386__ || _M_X86 || __amd64 || __amd64__ || _M_X64
+  return 0x44;
+#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ && __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+  return 0x44;
+#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ && __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
+  return 0x11;
+#else
+  union
+  {
+    uint32_t i;
+    uint8_t c;
+  } u = { 0x11223344 };
+  return u.c;
+#endif
+}
+
+ecb_inline ecb_bool ecb_big_endian    (void) ecb_const;
+ecb_inline ecb_bool ecb_big_endian    (void) { return ecb_byteorder_helper () == 0x11; }
+ecb_inline ecb_bool ecb_little_endian (void) ecb_const;
+ecb_inline ecb_bool ecb_little_endian (void) { return ecb_byteorder_helper () == 0x44; }
+
+#if ECB_GCC_VERSION(3,0) || ECB_C99
+  #define ecb_mod(m,n) ((m) % (n) + ((m) % (n) < 0 ? (n) : 0))
+#else
+  #define ecb_mod(m,n) ((m) < 0 ? ((n) - 1 - ((-1 - (m)) % (n))) : ((m) % (n)))
+#endif
+
+#if __cplusplus
+  template<typename T>
+  static inline T ecb_div_rd (T val, T div)
+  {
+    return val < 0 ? - ((-val + div - 1) / div) : (val          ) / div;
+  }
+  template<typename T>
+  static inline T ecb_div_ru (T val, T div)
+  {
+    return val < 0 ? - ((-val          ) / div) : (val + div - 1) / div;
+  }
+#else
+  #define ecb_div_rd(val,div) ((val) < 0 ? - ((-(val) + (div) - 1) / (div)) : ((val)            ) / (div))
+  #define ecb_div_ru(val,div) ((val) < 0 ? - ((-(val)            ) / (div)) : ((val) + (div) - 1) / (div))
+#endif
+
+#if ecb_cplusplus_does_not_suck
+  /* does not work for local types (http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2657.htm) */
+  template<typename T, int N>
+  static inline int ecb_array_length (const T (&arr)[N])
+  {
+    return N;
+  }
+#else
+  #define ecb_array_length(name) (sizeof (name) / sizeof (name [0]))
+#endif
+
+/*******************************************************************************/
+/* floating point stuff, can be disabled by defining ECB_NO_LIBM */
+
+/* basically, everything uses "ieee pure-endian" floating point numbers */
+/* the only noteworthy exception is ancient armle, which uses order 43218765 */
+#if 0 \
+    || __i386 || __i386__ \
+    || __amd64 || __amd64__ || __x86_64 || __x86_64__ \
+    || __powerpc__ || __ppc__ || __powerpc64__ || __ppc64__ \
+    || defined __arm__ && defined __ARM_EABI__ \
+    || defined __s390__ || defined __s390x__ \
+    || defined __mips__ \
+    || defined __alpha__ \
+    || defined __hppa__ \
+    || defined __ia64__ \
+    || defined _M_IX86 || defined _M_AMD64 || defined _M_IA64
+  #define ECB_STDFP 1
+  #include <string.h> /* for memcpy */
+#else
+  #define ECB_STDFP 0
+  #include <math.h> /* for frexp*, ldexp* */
+#endif
+
+#ifndef ECB_NO_LIBM
+
+  /* convert a float to ieee single/binary32 */
+  ecb_function_ uint32_t ecb_float_to_binary32 (float x) ecb_const;
+  ecb_function_ uint32_t
+  ecb_float_to_binary32 (float x)
+  {
+    uint32_t r;
+
+    #if ECB_STDFP
+      memcpy (&r, &x, 4);
+    #else
+      /* slow emulation, works for anything but -0 */
+      uint32_t m;
+      int e;
+
+      if (x == 0e0f                    ) return 0x00000000U;
+      if (x > +3.40282346638528860e+38f) return 0x7f800000U;
+      if (x < -3.40282346638528860e+38f) return 0xff800000U;
+      if (x != x                       ) return 0x7fbfffffU;
+
+      m = frexpf (x, &e) * 0x1000000U;
+
+      r = m & 0x80000000U;
+
+      if (r)
+        m = -m;
+
+      if (e <= -126)
+        {
+          m &= 0xffffffU;
+          m >>= (-125 - e);
+          e = -126;
+        }
+
+      r |= (e + 126) << 23;
+      r |= m & 0x7fffffU;
+    #endif
+
+    return r;
+  }
+
+  /* converts an ieee single/binary32 to a float */
+  ecb_function_ float ecb_binary32_to_float (uint32_t x) ecb_const;
+  ecb_function_ float
+  ecb_binary32_to_float (uint32_t x)
+  {
+    float r;
+
+    #if ECB_STDFP
+      memcpy (&r, &x, 4);
+    #else
+      /* emulation, only works for normals and subnormals and +0 */
+      int neg = x >> 31;
+      int e = (x >> 23) & 0xffU;
+
+      x &= 0x7fffffU;
+
+      if (e)
+        x |= 0x800000U;
+      else
+        e = 1;
+
+      /* we distrust ldexpf a bit and do the 2**-24 scaling by an extra multiply */
+      r = ldexpf (x * (0.5f / 0x800000U), e - 126);
+
+      r = neg ? -r : r;
+    #endif
+
+    return r;
+  }
+
+  /* convert a double to ieee double/binary64 */
+  ecb_function_ uint64_t ecb_double_to_binary64 (double x) ecb_const;
+  ecb_function_ uint64_t
+  ecb_double_to_binary64 (double x)
+  {
+    uint64_t r;
+
+    #if ECB_STDFP
+      memcpy (&r, &x, 8);
+    #else
+      /* slow emulation, works for anything but -0 */
+      uint64_t m;
+      int e;
+
+      if (x == 0e0                     ) return 0x0000000000000000U;
+      if (x > +1.79769313486231470e+308) return 0x7ff0000000000000U;
+      if (x < -1.79769313486231470e+308) return 0xfff0000000000000U;
+      if (x != x                       ) return 0X7ff7ffffffffffffU;
+
+      m = frexp (x, &e) * 0x20000000000000U;
+
+      r = m & 0x8000000000000000;;
+
+      if (r)
+        m = -m;
+
+      if (e <= -1022)
+        {
+          m &= 0x1fffffffffffffU;
+          m >>= (-1021 - e);
+          e = -1022;
+        }
+
+      r |= ((uint64_t)(e + 1022)) << 52;
+      r |= m & 0xfffffffffffffU;
+    #endif
+
+    return r;
+  }
+
+  /* converts an ieee double/binary64 to a double */
+  ecb_function_ double ecb_binary64_to_double (uint64_t x) ecb_const;
+  ecb_function_ double
+  ecb_binary64_to_double (uint64_t x)
+  {
+    double r;
+
+    #if ECB_STDFP
+      memcpy (&r, &x, 8);
+    #else
+      /* emulation, only works for normals and subnormals and +0 */
+      int neg = x >> 63;
+      int e = (x >> 52) & 0x7ffU;
+
+      x &= 0xfffffffffffffU;
+
+      if (e)
+        x |= 0x10000000000000U;
+      else
+        e = 1;
+
+      /* we distrust ldexp a bit and do the 2**-53 scaling by an extra multiply */
+      r = ldexp (x * (0.5 / 0x10000000000000U), e - 1022);
+
+      r = neg ? -r : r;
+    #endif
+
+    return r;
+  }
+
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+/* ECB.H END */
+
+#if ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_NEEDS_PTHREADS
+/* if your architecture doesn't need memory fences, e.g. because it is
+ * single-cpu/core, or if you use libev in a project that doesn't use libev
+ * from multiple threads, then you can define ECB_AVOID_PTHREADS when compiling
+ * libev, in which cases the memory fences become nops.
+ * alternatively, you can remove this #error and link against libpthread,
+ * which will then provide the memory fences.
+ */
+# error "memory fences not defined for your architecture, please report"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
+# define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE do { } while (0)
+# define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
+# define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
+#endif
+
+#define expect_false(cond) ecb_expect_false (cond)
+#define expect_true(cond)  ecb_expect_true  (cond)
+#define noinline           ecb_noinline
+
+#define inline_size        ecb_inline
+
+#if EV_FEATURE_CODE
+# define inline_speed      ecb_inline
+#else
+# define inline_speed      static noinline
+#endif
+
+#define NUMPRI (EV_MAXPRI - EV_MINPRI + 1)
+
+#if EV_MINPRI == EV_MAXPRI
+# define ABSPRI(w) (((W)w), 0)
+#else
+# define ABSPRI(w) (((W)w)->priority - EV_MINPRI)
+#endif
+
+#define EMPTY       /* required for microsofts broken pseudo-c compiler */
+#define EMPTY2(a,b) /* used to suppress some warnings */
+
+typedef ev_watcher *W;
+typedef ev_watcher_list *WL;
+typedef ev_watcher_time *WT;
+
+#define ev_active(w) ((W)(w))->active
+#define ev_at(w) ((WT)(w))->at
+
+#if EV_USE_REALTIME
+/* sig_atomic_t is used to avoid per-thread variables or locking but still */
+/* giving it a reasonably high chance of working on typical architectures */
+static EV_ATOMIC_T have_realtime; /* did clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME) work? */
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+static EV_ATOMIC_T have_monotonic; /* did clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC) work? */
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE
+# define EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE(fd) _get_osfhandle (fd)
+#endif
+#ifndef EV_WIN32_HANDLE_TO_FD
+# define EV_WIN32_HANDLE_TO_FD(handle) _open_osfhandle (handle, 0)
+#endif
+#ifndef EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD
+# define EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD(fd) close (fd)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+# include "ev_win32.c"
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+/* define a suitable floor function (only used by periodics atm) */
+
+#if EV_USE_FLOOR
+# include <math.h>
+# define ev_floor(v) floor (v)
+#else
+
+#include <float.h>
+
+/* a floor() replacement function, should be independent of ev_tstamp type */
+static ev_tstamp noinline
+ev_floor (ev_tstamp v)
+{
+  /* the choice of shift factor is not terribly important */
+#if FLT_RADIX != 2 /* assume FLT_RADIX == 10 */
+  const ev_tstamp shift = sizeof (unsigned long) >= 8 ? 10000000000000000000. : 1000000000.;
+#else
+  const ev_tstamp shift = sizeof (unsigned long) >= 8 ? 18446744073709551616. : 4294967296.;
+#endif
+
+  /* argument too large for an unsigned long? */
+  if (expect_false (v >= shift))
+    {
+      ev_tstamp f;
+
+      if (v == v - 1.)
+        return v; /* very large number */
+
+      f = shift * ev_floor (v * (1. / shift));
+      return f + ev_floor (v - f);
+    }
+
+  /* special treatment for negative args? */
+  if (expect_false (v < 0.))
+    {
+      ev_tstamp f = -ev_floor (-v);
+
+      return f - (f == v ? 0 : 1);
+    }
+
+  /* fits into an unsigned long */
+  return (unsigned long)v;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#ifdef __linux
+# include <sys/utsname.h>
+#endif
+
+static unsigned int noinline ecb_cold
+ev_linux_version (void)
+{
+#ifdef __linux
+  unsigned int v = 0;
+  struct utsname buf;
+  int i;
+  char *p = buf.release;
+
+  if (uname (&buf))
+    return 0;
+
+  for (i = 3+1; --i; )
+    {
+      unsigned int c = 0;
+
+      for (;;)
+        {
+          if (*p >= '0' && *p <= '9')
+            c = c * 10 + *p++ - '0';
+          else
+            {
+              p += *p == '.';
+              break;
+            }
+        }
+
+      v = (v << 8) | c;
+    }
+
+  return v;
+#else
+  return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#if EV_AVOID_STDIO
+static void noinline ecb_cold
+ev_printerr (const char *msg)
+{
+  write (STDERR_FILENO, msg, strlen (msg));
+}
+#endif
+
+static void (*syserr_cb)(const char *msg) EV_THROW;
+
+void ecb_cold
+ev_set_syserr_cb (void (*cb)(const char *msg) EV_THROW) EV_THROW
+{
+  syserr_cb = cb;
+}
+
+static void noinline ecb_cold
+ev_syserr (const char *msg)
+{
+  if (!msg)
+    msg = "(libev) system error";
+
+  if (syserr_cb)
+    syserr_cb (msg);
+  else
+    {
+#if EV_AVOID_STDIO
+      ev_printerr (msg);
+      ev_printerr (": ");
+      ev_printerr (strerror (errno));
+      ev_printerr ("\n");
+#else
+      perror (msg);
+#endif
+      abort ();
+    }
+}
+
+static void *
+ev_realloc_emul (void *ptr, long size) EV_THROW
+{
+  /* some systems, notably openbsd and darwin, fail to properly
+   * implement realloc (x, 0) (as required by both ansi c-89 and
+   * the single unix specification, so work around them here.
+   * recently, also (at least) fedora and debian started breaking it,
+   * despite documenting it otherwise.
+   */
+
+  if (size)
+    return realloc (ptr, size);
+
+  free (ptr);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static void *(*alloc)(void *ptr, long size) EV_THROW = ev_realloc_emul;
+
+void ecb_cold
+ev_set_allocator (void *(*cb)(void *ptr, long size) EV_THROW) EV_THROW
+{
+  alloc = cb;
+}
+
+inline_speed void *
+ev_realloc (void *ptr, long size)
+{
+  ptr = alloc (ptr, size);
+
+  if (!ptr && size)
+    {
+#if EV_AVOID_STDIO
+      ev_printerr ("(libev) memory allocation failed, aborting.\n");
+#else
+      fprintf (stderr, "(libev) cannot allocate %ld bytes, aborting.", size);
+#endif
+      abort ();
+    }
+
+  return ptr;
+}
+
+#define ev_malloc(size) ev_realloc (0, (size))
+#define ev_free(ptr)    ev_realloc ((ptr), 0)
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+/* set in reify when reification needed */
+#define EV_ANFD_REIFY 1
+
+/* file descriptor info structure */
+typedef struct
+{
+  WL head;
+  unsigned char events; /* the events watched for */
+  unsigned char reify;  /* flag set when this ANFD needs reification (EV_ANFD_REIFY, EV__IOFDSET) */
+  unsigned char emask;  /* the epoll backend stores the actual kernel mask in here */
+  unsigned char unused;
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL
+  unsigned int egen;    /* generation counter to counter epoll bugs */
+#endif
+#if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET || EV_USE_IOCP
+  SOCKET handle;
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_IOCP
+  OVERLAPPED or, ow;
+#endif
+} ANFD;
+
+/* stores the pending event set for a given watcher */
+typedef struct
+{
+  W w;
+  int events; /* the pending event set for the given watcher */
+} ANPENDING;
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+/* hash table entry per inotify-id */
+typedef struct
+{
+  WL head;
+} ANFS;
+#endif
+
+/* Heap Entry */
+#if EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT
+  /* a heap element */
+  typedef struct {
+    ev_tstamp at;
+    WT w;
+  } ANHE;
+
+  #define ANHE_w(he)        (he).w     /* access watcher, read-write */
+  #define ANHE_at(he)       (he).at    /* access cached at, read-only */
+  #define ANHE_at_cache(he) (he).at = (he).w->at /* update at from watcher */
+#else
+  /* a heap element */
+  typedef WT ANHE;
+
+  #define ANHE_w(he)        (he)
+  #define ANHE_at(he)       (he)->at
+  #define ANHE_at_cache(he)
+#endif
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+
+  struct ev_loop
+  {
+    ev_tstamp ev_rt_now;
+    #define ev_rt_now ((loop)->ev_rt_now)
+    #define VAR(name,decl) decl;
+      #include "ev_vars.h"
+    #undef VAR
+  };
+  #include "ev_wrap.h"
+
+  static struct ev_loop default_loop_struct;
+  EV_API_DECL struct ev_loop *ev_default_loop_ptr = 0; /* needs to be initialised to make it a definition despite extern */
+
+#else
+
+  EV_API_DECL ev_tstamp ev_rt_now = 0; /* needs to be initialised to make it a definition despite extern */
+  #define VAR(name,decl) static decl;
+    #include "ev_vars.h"
+  #undef VAR
+
+  static int ev_default_loop_ptr;
+
+#endif
+
+#if EV_FEATURE_API
+# define EV_RELEASE_CB if (expect_false (release_cb)) release_cb (EV_A)
+# define EV_ACQUIRE_CB if (expect_false (acquire_cb)) acquire_cb (EV_A)
+# define EV_INVOKE_PENDING invoke_cb (EV_A)
+#else
+# define EV_RELEASE_CB (void)0
+# define EV_ACQUIRE_CB (void)0
+# define EV_INVOKE_PENDING ev_invoke_pending (EV_A)
+#endif
+
+#define EVBREAK_RECURSE 0x80
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#ifndef EV_HAVE_EV_TIME
+ev_tstamp
+ev_time (void) EV_THROW
+{
+#if EV_USE_REALTIME
+  if (expect_true (have_realtime))
+    {
+      struct timespec ts;
+      clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts);
+      return ts.tv_sec + ts.tv_nsec * 1e-9;
+    }
+#endif
+
+  struct timeval tv;
+  gettimeofday (&tv, 0);
+  return tv.tv_sec + tv.tv_usec * 1e-6;
+}
+#endif
+
+inline_size ev_tstamp
+get_clock (void)
+{
+#if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+  if (expect_true (have_monotonic))
+    {
+      struct timespec ts;
+      clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
+      return ts.tv_sec + ts.tv_nsec * 1e-9;
+    }
+#endif
+
+  return ev_time ();
+}
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ev_tstamp
+ev_now (EV_P) EV_THROW
+{
+  return ev_rt_now;
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+ev_sleep (ev_tstamp delay) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (delay > 0.)
+    {
+#if EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
+      struct timespec ts;
+
+      EV_TS_SET (ts, delay);
+      nanosleep (&ts, 0);
+#elif defined _WIN32
+      Sleep ((unsigned long)(delay * 1e3));
+#else
+      struct timeval tv;
+
+      /* here we rely on sys/time.h + sys/types.h + unistd.h providing select */
+      /* something not guaranteed by newer posix versions, but guaranteed */
+      /* by older ones */
+      EV_TV_SET (tv, delay);
+      select (0, 0, 0, 0, &tv);
+#endif
+    }
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#define MALLOC_ROUND 4096 /* prefer to allocate in chunks of this size, must be 2**n and >> 4 longs */
+
+/* find a suitable new size for the given array, */
+/* hopefully by rounding to a nice-to-malloc size */
+inline_size int
+array_nextsize (int elem, int cur, int cnt)
+{
+  int ncur = cur + 1;
+
+  do
+    ncur <<= 1;
+  while (cnt > ncur);
+
+  /* if size is large, round to MALLOC_ROUND - 4 * longs to accommodate malloc overhead */
+  if (elem * ncur > MALLOC_ROUND - sizeof (void *) * 4)
+    {
+      ncur *= elem;
+      ncur = (ncur + elem + (MALLOC_ROUND - 1) + sizeof (void *) * 4) & ~(MALLOC_ROUND - 1);
+      ncur = ncur - sizeof (void *) * 4;
+      ncur /= elem;
+    }
+
+  return ncur;
+}
+
+static void * noinline ecb_cold
+array_realloc (int elem, void *base, int *cur, int cnt)
+{
+  *cur = array_nextsize (elem, *cur, cnt);
+  return ev_realloc (base, elem * *cur);
+}
+
+#define array_init_zero(base,count)	\
+  memset ((void *)(base), 0, sizeof (*(base)) * (count))
+
+#define array_needsize(type,base,cur,cnt,init)			\
+  if (expect_false ((cnt) > (cur)))				\
+    {								\
+      int ecb_unused ocur_ = (cur);					\
+      (base) = (type *)array_realloc				\
+         (sizeof (type), (base), &(cur), (cnt));		\
+      init ((base) + (ocur_), (cur) - ocur_);			\
+    }
+
+#if 0
+#define array_slim(type,stem)					\
+  if (stem ## max < array_roundsize (stem ## cnt >> 2))		\
+    {								\
+      stem ## max = array_roundsize (stem ## cnt >> 1);		\
+      base = (type *)ev_realloc (base, sizeof (type) * (stem ## max));\
+      fprintf (stderr, "slimmed down " # stem " to %d\n", stem ## max);/*D*/\
+    }
+#endif
+
+#define array_free(stem, idx) \
+  ev_free (stem ## s idx); stem ## cnt idx = stem ## max idx = 0; stem ## s idx = 0
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+/* dummy callback for pending events */
+static void noinline
+pendingcb (EV_P_ ev_prepare *w, int revents)
+{
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_feed_event (EV_P_ void *w, int revents) EV_THROW
+{
+  W w_ = (W)w;
+  int pri = ABSPRI (w_);
+
+  if (expect_false (w_->pending))
+    pendings [pri][w_->pending - 1].events |= revents;
+  else
+    {
+      w_->pending = ++pendingcnt [pri];
+      array_needsize (ANPENDING, pendings [pri], pendingmax [pri], w_->pending, EMPTY2);
+      pendings [pri][w_->pending - 1].w      = w_;
+      pendings [pri][w_->pending - 1].events = revents;
+    }
+
+  pendingpri = NUMPRI - 1;
+}
+
+inline_speed void
+feed_reverse (EV_P_ W w)
+{
+  array_needsize (W, rfeeds, rfeedmax, rfeedcnt + 1, EMPTY2);
+  rfeeds [rfeedcnt++] = w;
+}
+
+inline_size void
+feed_reverse_done (EV_P_ int revents)
+{
+  do
+    ev_feed_event (EV_A_ rfeeds [--rfeedcnt], revents);
+  while (rfeedcnt);
+}
+
+inline_speed void
+queue_events (EV_P_ W *events, int eventcnt, int type)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  for (i = 0; i < eventcnt; ++i)
+    ev_feed_event (EV_A_ events [i], type);
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+inline_speed void
+fd_event_nocheck (EV_P_ int fd, int revents)
+{
+  ANFD *anfd = anfds + fd;
+  ev_io *w;
+
+  for (w = (ev_io *)anfd->head; w; w = (ev_io *)((WL)w)->next)
+    {
+      int ev = w->events & revents;
+
+      if (ev)
+        ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, ev);
+    }
+}
+
+/* do not submit kernel events for fds that have reify set */
+/* because that means they changed while we were polling for new events */
+inline_speed void
+fd_event (EV_P_ int fd, int revents)
+{
+  ANFD *anfd = anfds + fd;
+
+  if (expect_true (!anfd->reify))
+    fd_event_nocheck (EV_A_ fd, revents);
+}
+
+void
+ev_feed_fd_event (EV_P_ int fd, int revents) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (fd >= 0 && fd < anfdmax)
+    fd_event_nocheck (EV_A_ fd, revents);
+}
+
+/* make sure the external fd watch events are in-sync */
+/* with the kernel/libev internal state */
+inline_size void
+fd_reify (EV_P)
+{
+  int i;
+
+#if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET || EV_USE_IOCP
+  for (i = 0; i < fdchangecnt; ++i)
+    {
+      int fd = fdchanges [i];
+      ANFD *anfd = anfds + fd;
+
+      if (anfd->reify & EV__IOFDSET && anfd->head)
+        {
+          SOCKET handle = EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE (fd);
+
+          if (handle != anfd->handle)
+            {
+              unsigned long arg;
+
+              assert (("libev: only socket fds supported in this configuration", ioctlsocket (handle, FIONREAD, &arg) == 0));
+
+              /* handle changed, but fd didn't - we need to do it in two steps */
+              backend_modify (EV_A_ fd, anfd->events, 0);
+              anfd->events = 0;
+              anfd->handle = handle;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+  for (i = 0; i < fdchangecnt; ++i)
+    {
+      int fd = fdchanges [i];
+      ANFD *anfd = anfds + fd;
+      ev_io *w;
+
+      unsigned char o_events = anfd->events;
+      unsigned char o_reify  = anfd->reify;
+
+      anfd->reify  = 0;
+
+      /*if (expect_true (o_reify & EV_ANFD_REIFY)) probably a deoptimisation */
+        {
+          anfd->events = 0;
+
+          for (w = (ev_io *)anfd->head; w; w = (ev_io *)((WL)w)->next)
+            anfd->events |= (unsigned char)w->events;
+
+          if (o_events != anfd->events)
+            o_reify = EV__IOFDSET; /* actually |= */
+        }
+
+      if (o_reify & EV__IOFDSET)
+        backend_modify (EV_A_ fd, o_events, anfd->events);
+    }
+
+  fdchangecnt = 0;
+}
+
+/* something about the given fd changed */
+inline_size void
+fd_change (EV_P_ int fd, int flags)
+{
+  unsigned char reify = anfds [fd].reify;
+  anfds [fd].reify |= flags;
+
+  if (expect_true (!reify))
+    {
+      ++fdchangecnt;
+      array_needsize (int, fdchanges, fdchangemax, fdchangecnt, EMPTY2);
+      fdchanges [fdchangecnt - 1] = fd;
+    }
+}
+
+/* the given fd is invalid/unusable, so make sure it doesn't hurt us anymore */
+inline_speed void ecb_cold
+fd_kill (EV_P_ int fd)
+{
+  ev_io *w;
+
+  while ((w = (ev_io *)anfds [fd].head))
+    {
+      ev_io_stop (EV_A_ w);
+      ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_ERROR | EV_READ | EV_WRITE);
+    }
+}
+
+/* check whether the given fd is actually valid, for error recovery */
+inline_size int ecb_cold
+fd_valid (int fd)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  return EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE (fd) != -1;
+#else
+  return fcntl (fd, F_GETFD) != -1;
+#endif
+}
+
+/* called on EBADF to verify fds */
+static void noinline ecb_cold
+fd_ebadf (EV_P)
+{
+  int fd;
+
+  for (fd = 0; fd < anfdmax; ++fd)
+    if (anfds [fd].events)
+      if (!fd_valid (fd) && errno == EBADF)
+        fd_kill (EV_A_ fd);
+}
+
+/* called on ENOMEM in select/poll to kill some fds and retry */
+static void noinline ecb_cold
+fd_enomem (EV_P)
+{
+  int fd;
+
+  for (fd = anfdmax; fd--; )
+    if (anfds [fd].events)
+      {
+        fd_kill (EV_A_ fd);
+        break;
+      }
+}
+
+/* usually called after fork if backend needs to re-arm all fds from scratch */
+static void noinline
+fd_rearm_all (EV_P)
+{
+  int fd;
+
+  for (fd = 0; fd < anfdmax; ++fd)
+    if (anfds [fd].events)
+      {
+        anfds [fd].events = 0;
+        anfds [fd].emask  = 0;
+        fd_change (EV_A_ fd, EV__IOFDSET | EV_ANFD_REIFY);
+      }
+}
+
+/* used to prepare libev internal fd's */
+/* this is not fork-safe */
+inline_speed void
+fd_intern (int fd)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  unsigned long arg = 1;
+  ioctlsocket (EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE (fd), FIONBIO, &arg);
+#else
+  fcntl (fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
+  fcntl (fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
+#endif
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * the heap functions want a real array index. array index 0 is guaranteed to not
+ * be in-use at any time. the first heap entry is at array [HEAP0]. DHEAP gives
+ * the branching factor of the d-tree.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * at the moment we allow libev the luxury of two heaps,
+ * a small-code-size 2-heap one and a ~1.5kb larger 4-heap
+ * which is more cache-efficient.
+ * the difference is about 5% with 50000+ watchers.
+ */
+#if EV_USE_4HEAP
+
+#define DHEAP 4
+#define HEAP0 (DHEAP - 1) /* index of first element in heap */
+#define HPARENT(k) ((((k) - HEAP0 - 1) / DHEAP) + HEAP0)
+#define UPHEAP_DONE(p,k) ((p) == (k))
+
+/* away from the root */
+inline_speed void
+downheap (ANHE *heap, int N, int k)
+{
+  ANHE he = heap [k];
+  ANHE *E = heap + N + HEAP0;
+
+  for (;;)
+    {
+      ev_tstamp minat;
+      ANHE *minpos;
+      ANHE *pos = heap + DHEAP * (k - HEAP0) + HEAP0 + 1;
+
+      /* find minimum child */
+      if (expect_true (pos + DHEAP - 1 < E))
+        {
+          /* fast path */                               (minpos = pos + 0), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+          if (               ANHE_at (pos [1]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 1), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+          if (               ANHE_at (pos [2]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 2), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+          if (               ANHE_at (pos [3]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 3), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+        }
+      else if (pos < E)
+        {
+          /* slow path */                               (minpos = pos + 0), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+          if (pos + 1 < E && ANHE_at (pos [1]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 1), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+          if (pos + 2 < E && ANHE_at (pos [2]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 2), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+          if (pos + 3 < E && ANHE_at (pos [3]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 3), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+        }
+      else
+        break;
+
+      if (ANHE_at (he) <= minat)
+        break;
+
+      heap [k] = *minpos;
+      ev_active (ANHE_w (*minpos)) = k;
+
+      k = minpos - heap;
+    }
+
+  heap [k] = he;
+  ev_active (ANHE_w (he)) = k;
+}
+
+#else /* 4HEAP */
+
+#define HEAP0 1
+#define HPARENT(k) ((k) >> 1)
+#define UPHEAP_DONE(p,k) (!(p))
+
+/* away from the root */
+inline_speed void
+downheap (ANHE *heap, int N, int k)
+{
+  ANHE he = heap [k];
+
+  for (;;)
+    {
+      int c = k << 1;
+
+      if (c >= N + HEAP0)
+        break;
+
+      c += c + 1 < N + HEAP0 && ANHE_at (heap [c]) > ANHE_at (heap [c + 1])
+           ? 1 : 0;
+
+      if (ANHE_at (he) <= ANHE_at (heap [c]))
+        break;
+
+      heap [k] = heap [c];
+      ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [k])) = k;
+      
+      k = c;
+    }
+
+  heap [k] = he;
+  ev_active (ANHE_w (he)) = k;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* towards the root */
+inline_speed void
+upheap (ANHE *heap, int k)
+{
+  ANHE he = heap [k];
+
+  for (;;)
+    {
+      int p = HPARENT (k);
+
+      if (UPHEAP_DONE (p, k) || ANHE_at (heap [p]) <= ANHE_at (he))
+        break;
+
+      heap [k] = heap [p];
+      ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [k])) = k;
+      k = p;
+    }
+
+  heap [k] = he;
+  ev_active (ANHE_w (he)) = k;
+}
+
+/* move an element suitably so it is in a correct place */
+inline_size void
+adjustheap (ANHE *heap, int N, int k)
+{
+  if (k > HEAP0 && ANHE_at (heap [k]) <= ANHE_at (heap [HPARENT (k)]))
+    upheap (heap, k);
+  else
+    downheap (heap, N, k);
+}
+
+/* rebuild the heap: this function is used only once and executed rarely */
+inline_size void
+reheap (ANHE *heap, int N)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  /* we don't use floyds algorithm, upheap is simpler and is more cache-efficient */
+  /* also, this is easy to implement and correct for both 2-heaps and 4-heaps */
+  for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
+    upheap (heap, i + HEAP0);
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+/* associate signal watchers to a signal signal */
+typedef struct
+{
+  EV_ATOMIC_T pending;
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  EV_P;
+#endif
+  WL head;
+} ANSIG;
+
+static ANSIG signals [EV_NSIG - 1];
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE || EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+
+static void noinline ecb_cold
+evpipe_init (EV_P)
+{
+  if (!ev_is_active (&pipe_w))
+    {
+      int fds [2];
+
+# if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+      fds [0] = -1;
+      fds [1] = eventfd (0, EFD_NONBLOCK | EFD_CLOEXEC);
+      if (fds [1] < 0 && errno == EINVAL)
+        fds [1] = eventfd (0, 0);
+
+      if (fds [1] < 0)
+# endif
+        {
+          while (pipe (fds))
+            ev_syserr ("(libev) error creating signal/async pipe");
+
+          fd_intern (fds [0]);
+        }
+
+      fd_intern (fds [1]);
+
+      evpipe [0] = fds [0];
+
+      if (evpipe [1] < 0)
+        evpipe [1] = fds [1]; /* first call, set write fd */
+      else
+        {
+          /* on subsequent calls, do not change evpipe [1] */
+          /* so that evpipe_write can always rely on its value. */
+          /* this branch does not do anything sensible on windows, */
+          /* so must not be executed on windows */
+
+          dup2 (fds [1], evpipe [1]);
+          close (fds [1]);
+        }
+
+      ev_io_set (&pipe_w, evpipe [0] < 0 ? evpipe [1] : evpipe [0], EV_READ);
+      ev_io_start (EV_A_ &pipe_w);
+      ev_unref (EV_A); /* watcher should not keep loop alive */
+    }
+}
+
+inline_speed void
+evpipe_write (EV_P_ EV_ATOMIC_T *flag)
+{
+  ECB_MEMORY_FENCE; /* push out the write before this function was called, acquire flag */
+
+  if (expect_true (*flag))
+    return;
+
+  *flag = 1;
+  ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE; /* make sure flag is visible before the wakeup */
+
+  pipe_write_skipped = 1;
+
+  ECB_MEMORY_FENCE; /* make sure pipe_write_skipped is visible before we check pipe_write_wanted */
+
+  if (pipe_write_wanted)
+    {
+      int old_errno;
+
+      pipe_write_skipped = 0;
+      ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE;
+
+      old_errno = errno; /* save errno because write will clobber it */
+
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+      if (evpipe [0] < 0)
+        {
+          uint64_t counter = 1;
+          write (evpipe [1], &counter, sizeof (uint64_t));
+        }
+      else
+#endif
+        {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+          WSABUF buf;
+          DWORD sent;
+          buf.buf = &buf;
+          buf.len = 1;
+          WSASend (EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE (evpipe [1]), &buf, 1, &sent, 0, 0, 0);
+#else
+          write (evpipe [1], &(evpipe [1]), 1);
+#endif
+        }
+
+      errno = old_errno;
+    }
+}
+
+/* called whenever the libev signal pipe */
+/* got some events (signal, async) */
+static void
+pipecb (EV_P_ ev_io *iow, int revents)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  if (revents & EV_READ)
+    {
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+      if (evpipe [0] < 0)
+        {
+          uint64_t counter;
+          read (evpipe [1], &counter, sizeof (uint64_t));
+        }
+      else
+#endif
+        {
+          char dummy[4];
+#ifdef _WIN32
+          WSABUF buf;
+          DWORD recvd;
+          DWORD flags = 0;
+          buf.buf = dummy;
+          buf.len = sizeof (dummy);
+          WSARecv (EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE (evpipe [0]), &buf, 1, &recvd, &flags, 0, 0);
+#else
+          read (evpipe [0], &dummy, sizeof (dummy));
+#endif
+        }
+    }
+
+  pipe_write_skipped = 0;
+
+  ECB_MEMORY_FENCE; /* push out skipped, acquire flags */
+
+#if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE
+  if (sig_pending)
+    {
+      sig_pending = 0;
+
+      ECB_MEMORY_FENCE;
+
+      for (i = EV_NSIG - 1; i--; )
+        if (expect_false (signals [i].pending))
+          ev_feed_signal_event (EV_A_ i + 1);
+    }
+#endif
+
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+  if (async_pending)
+    {
+      async_pending = 0;
+
+      ECB_MEMORY_FENCE;
+
+      for (i = asynccnt; i--; )
+        if (asyncs [i]->sent)
+          {
+            asyncs [i]->sent = 0;
+            ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE;
+            ev_feed_event (EV_A_ asyncs [i], EV_ASYNC);
+          }
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+void
+ev_feed_signal (int signum) EV_THROW
+{
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  EV_P;
+  ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE;
+  EV_A = signals [signum - 1].loop;
+
+  if (!EV_A)
+    return;
+#endif
+
+  signals [signum - 1].pending = 1;
+  evpipe_write (EV_A_ &sig_pending);
+}
+
+static void
+ev_sighandler (int signum)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  signal (signum, ev_sighandler);
+#endif
+
+  ev_feed_signal (signum);
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_feed_signal_event (EV_P_ int signum) EV_THROW
+{
+  WL w;
+
+  if (expect_false (signum <= 0 || signum >= EV_NSIG))
+    return;
+
+  --signum;
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  /* it is permissible to try to feed a signal to the wrong loop */
+  /* or, likely more useful, feeding a signal nobody is waiting for */
+
+  if (expect_false (signals [signum].loop != EV_A))
+    return;
+#endif
+
+  signals [signum].pending = 0;
+  ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE;
+
+  for (w = signals [signum].head; w; w = w->next)
+    ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_SIGNAL);
+}
+
+#if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
+static void
+sigfdcb (EV_P_ ev_io *iow, int revents)
+{
+  struct signalfd_siginfo si[2], *sip; /* these structs are big */
+
+  for (;;)
+    {
+      ssize_t res = read (sigfd, si, sizeof (si));
+
+      /* not ISO-C, as res might be -1, but works with SuS */
+      for (sip = si; (char *)sip < (char *)si + res; ++sip)
+        ev_feed_signal_event (EV_A_ sip->ssi_signo);
+
+      if (res < (ssize_t)sizeof (si))
+        break;
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
+static WL childs [EV_PID_HASHSIZE];
+
+static ev_signal childev;
+
+#ifndef WIFCONTINUED
+# define WIFCONTINUED(status) 0
+#endif
+
+/* handle a single child status event */
+inline_speed void
+child_reap (EV_P_ int chain, int pid, int status)
+{
+  ev_child *w;
+  int traced = WIFSTOPPED (status) || WIFCONTINUED (status);
+
+  for (w = (ev_child *)childs [chain & ((EV_PID_HASHSIZE) - 1)]; w; w = (ev_child *)((WL)w)->next)
+    {
+      if ((w->pid == pid || !w->pid)
+          && (!traced || (w->flags & 1)))
+        {
+          ev_set_priority (w, EV_MAXPRI); /* need to do it *now*, this *must* be the same prio as the signal watcher itself */
+          w->rpid    = pid;
+          w->rstatus = status;
+          ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_CHILD);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#ifndef WCONTINUED
+# define WCONTINUED 0
+#endif
+
+/* called on sigchld etc., calls waitpid */
+static void
+childcb (EV_P_ ev_signal *sw, int revents)
+{
+  int pid, status;
+
+  /* some systems define WCONTINUED but then fail to support it (linux 2.4) */
+  if (0 >= (pid = waitpid (-1, &status, WNOHANG | WUNTRACED | WCONTINUED)))
+    if (!WCONTINUED
+        || errno != EINVAL
+        || 0 >= (pid = waitpid (-1, &status, WNOHANG | WUNTRACED)))
+      return;
+
+  /* make sure we are called again until all children have been reaped */
+  /* we need to do it this way so that the callback gets called before we continue */
+  ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)sw, EV_SIGNAL);
+
+  child_reap (EV_A_ pid, pid, status);
+  if ((EV_PID_HASHSIZE) > 1)
+    child_reap (EV_A_ 0, pid, status); /* this might trigger a watcher twice, but feed_event catches that */
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#if EV_USE_IOCP
+# include "ev_iocp.c"
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_PORT
+# include "ev_port.c"
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_KQUEUE
+# include "ev_kqueue.c"
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL
+# include "ev_epoll.c"
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_POLL
+# include "ev_poll.c"
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_SELECT
+# include "ev_select.c"
+#endif
+
+int ecb_cold
+ev_version_major (void) EV_THROW
+{
+  return EV_VERSION_MAJOR;
+}
+
+int ecb_cold
+ev_version_minor (void) EV_THROW
+{
+  return EV_VERSION_MINOR;
+}
+
+/* return true if we are running with elevated privileges and should ignore env variables */
+int inline_size ecb_cold
+enable_secure (void)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  return 0;
+#else
+  return getuid () != geteuid ()
+      || getgid () != getegid ();
+#endif
+}
+
+unsigned int ecb_cold
+ev_supported_backends (void) EV_THROW
+{
+  unsigned int flags = 0;
+
+  if (EV_USE_PORT  ) flags |= EVBACKEND_PORT;
+  if (EV_USE_KQUEUE) flags |= EVBACKEND_KQUEUE;
+  if (EV_USE_EPOLL ) flags |= EVBACKEND_EPOLL;
+  if (EV_USE_POLL  ) flags |= EVBACKEND_POLL;
+  if (EV_USE_SELECT) flags |= EVBACKEND_SELECT;
+  
+  return flags;
+}
+
+unsigned int ecb_cold
+ev_recommended_backends (void) EV_THROW
+{
+  unsigned int flags = ev_supported_backends ();
+
+#ifndef __NetBSD__
+  /* kqueue is borked on everything but netbsd apparently */
+  /* it usually doesn't work correctly on anything but sockets and pipes */
+  flags &= ~EVBACKEND_KQUEUE;
+#endif
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+  /* only select works correctly on that "unix-certified" platform */
+  flags &= ~EVBACKEND_KQUEUE; /* horribly broken, even for sockets */
+  flags &= ~EVBACKEND_POLL;   /* poll is based on kqueue from 10.5 onwards */
+#endif
+#ifdef __FreeBSD__
+  flags &= ~EVBACKEND_POLL;   /* poll return value is unusable (http://forums.freebsd.org/archive/index.php/t-10270.html) */
+#endif
+
+  return flags;
+}
+
+unsigned int ecb_cold
+ev_embeddable_backends (void) EV_THROW
+{
+  int flags = EVBACKEND_EPOLL | EVBACKEND_KQUEUE | EVBACKEND_PORT;
+
+  /* epoll embeddability broken on all linux versions up to at least 2.6.23 */
+  if (ev_linux_version () < 0x020620) /* disable it on linux < 2.6.32 */
+    flags &= ~EVBACKEND_EPOLL;
+
+  return flags;
+}
+
+unsigned int
+ev_backend (EV_P) EV_THROW
+{
+  return backend;
+}
+
+#if EV_FEATURE_API
+unsigned int
+ev_iteration (EV_P) EV_THROW
+{
+  return loop_count;
+}
+
+unsigned int
+ev_depth (EV_P) EV_THROW
+{
+  return loop_depth;
+}
+
+void
+ev_set_io_collect_interval (EV_P_ ev_tstamp interval) EV_THROW
+{
+  io_blocktime = interval;
+}
+
+void
+ev_set_timeout_collect_interval (EV_P_ ev_tstamp interval) EV_THROW
+{
+  timeout_blocktime = interval;
+}
+
+void
+ev_set_userdata (EV_P_ void *data) EV_THROW
+{
+  userdata = data;
+}
+
+void *
+ev_userdata (EV_P) EV_THROW
+{
+  return userdata;
+}
+
+void
+ev_set_invoke_pending_cb (EV_P_ void (*invoke_pending_cb)(EV_P)) EV_THROW
+{
+  invoke_cb = invoke_pending_cb;
+}
+
+void
+ev_set_loop_release_cb (EV_P_ void (*release)(EV_P) EV_THROW, void (*acquire)(EV_P) EV_THROW) EV_THROW
+{
+  release_cb = release;
+  acquire_cb = acquire;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* initialise a loop structure, must be zero-initialised */
+static void noinline ecb_cold
+loop_init (EV_P_ unsigned int flags) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (!backend)
+    {
+      origflags = flags;
+
+#if EV_USE_REALTIME
+      if (!have_realtime)
+        {
+          struct timespec ts;
+
+          if (!clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts))
+            have_realtime = 1;
+        }
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+      if (!have_monotonic)
+        {
+          struct timespec ts;
+
+          if (!clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts))
+            have_monotonic = 1;
+        }
+#endif
+
+      /* pid check not overridable via env */
+#ifndef _WIN32
+      if (flags & EVFLAG_FORKCHECK)
+        curpid = getpid ();
+#endif
+
+      if (!(flags & EVFLAG_NOENV)
+          && !enable_secure ()
+          && getenv ("LIBEV_FLAGS"))
+        flags = atoi (getenv ("LIBEV_FLAGS"));
+
+      ev_rt_now          = ev_time ();
+      mn_now             = get_clock ();
+      now_floor          = mn_now;
+      rtmn_diff          = ev_rt_now - mn_now;
+#if EV_FEATURE_API
+      invoke_cb          = ev_invoke_pending;
+#endif
+
+      io_blocktime       = 0.;
+      timeout_blocktime  = 0.;
+      backend            = 0;
+      backend_fd         = -1;
+      sig_pending        = 0;
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+      async_pending      = 0;
+#endif
+      pipe_write_skipped = 0;
+      pipe_write_wanted  = 0;
+      evpipe [0]         = -1;
+      evpipe [1]         = -1;
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+      fs_fd              = flags & EVFLAG_NOINOTIFY ? -1 : -2;
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
+      sigfd              = flags & EVFLAG_SIGNALFD  ? -2 : -1;
+#endif
+
+      if (!(flags & EVBACKEND_MASK))
+        flags |= ev_recommended_backends ();
+
+#if EV_USE_IOCP
+      if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_IOCP  )) backend = iocp_init   (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_PORT
+      if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_PORT  )) backend = port_init   (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_KQUEUE
+      if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_KQUEUE)) backend = kqueue_init (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL
+      if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_EPOLL )) backend = epoll_init  (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_POLL
+      if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_POLL  )) backend = poll_init   (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_SELECT
+      if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_SELECT)) backend = select_init (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+
+      ev_prepare_init (&pending_w, pendingcb);
+
+#if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE || EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+      ev_init (&pipe_w, pipecb);
+      ev_set_priority (&pipe_w, EV_MAXPRI);
+#endif
+    }
+}
+
+/* free up a loop structure */
+void ecb_cold
+ev_loop_destroy (EV_P)
+{
+  int i;
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  /* mimic free (0) */
+  if (!EV_A)
+    return;
+#endif
+
+#if EV_CLEANUP_ENABLE
+  /* queue cleanup watchers (and execute them) */
+  if (expect_false (cleanupcnt))
+    {
+      queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)cleanups, cleanupcnt, EV_CLEANUP);
+      EV_INVOKE_PENDING;
+    }
+#endif
+
+#if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
+  if (ev_is_default_loop (EV_A) && ev_is_active (&childev))
+    {
+      ev_ref (EV_A); /* child watcher */
+      ev_signal_stop (EV_A_ &childev);
+    }
+#endif
+
+  if (ev_is_active (&pipe_w))
+    {
+      /*ev_ref (EV_A);*/
+      /*ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &pipe_w);*/
+
+      if (evpipe [0] >= 0) EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD (evpipe [0]);
+      if (evpipe [1] >= 0) EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD (evpipe [1]);
+    }
+
+#if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
+  if (ev_is_active (&sigfd_w))
+    close (sigfd);
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+  if (fs_fd >= 0)
+    close (fs_fd);
+#endif
+
+  if (backend_fd >= 0)
+    close (backend_fd);
+
+#if EV_USE_IOCP
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_IOCP  ) iocp_destroy   (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_PORT
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_PORT  ) port_destroy   (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_KQUEUE
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_KQUEUE) kqueue_destroy (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_EPOLL ) epoll_destroy  (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_POLL
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_POLL  ) poll_destroy   (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_SELECT
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_SELECT) select_destroy (EV_A);
+#endif
+
+  for (i = NUMPRI; i--; )
+    {
+      array_free (pending, [i]);
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+      array_free (idle, [i]);
+#endif
+    }
+
+  ev_free (anfds); anfds = 0; anfdmax = 0;
+
+  /* have to use the microsoft-never-gets-it-right macro */
+  array_free (rfeed, EMPTY);
+  array_free (fdchange, EMPTY);
+  array_free (timer, EMPTY);
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+  array_free (periodic, EMPTY);
+#endif
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+  array_free (fork, EMPTY);
+#endif
+#if EV_CLEANUP_ENABLE
+  array_free (cleanup, EMPTY);
+#endif
+  array_free (prepare, EMPTY);
+  array_free (check, EMPTY);
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+  array_free (async, EMPTY);
+#endif
+
+  backend = 0;
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  if (ev_is_default_loop (EV_A))
+#endif
+    ev_default_loop_ptr = 0;
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  else
+    ev_free (EV_A);
+#endif
+}
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+inline_size void infy_fork (EV_P);
+#endif
+
+inline_size void
+loop_fork (EV_P)
+{
+#if EV_USE_PORT
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_PORT  ) port_fork   (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_KQUEUE
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_KQUEUE) kqueue_fork (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_EPOLL ) epoll_fork  (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+  infy_fork (EV_A);
+#endif
+
+#if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE || EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+  if (ev_is_active (&pipe_w))
+    {
+      /* pipe_write_wanted must be false now, so modifying fd vars should be safe */
+
+      ev_ref (EV_A);
+      ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &pipe_w);
+
+      if (evpipe [0] >= 0)
+        EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD (evpipe [0]);
+
+      evpipe_init (EV_A);
+      /* iterate over everything, in case we missed something before */
+      ev_feed_event (EV_A_ &pipe_w, EV_CUSTOM);
+    }
+#endif
+
+  postfork = 0;
+}
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+
+struct ev_loop * ecb_cold
+ev_loop_new (unsigned int flags) EV_THROW
+{
+  EV_P = (struct ev_loop *)ev_malloc (sizeof (struct ev_loop));
+
+  memset (EV_A, 0, sizeof (struct ev_loop));
+  loop_init (EV_A_ flags);
+
+  if (ev_backend (EV_A))
+    return EV_A;
+
+  ev_free (EV_A);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#endif /* multiplicity */
+
+#if EV_VERIFY
+static void noinline ecb_cold
+verify_watcher (EV_P_ W w)
+{
+  assert (("libev: watcher has invalid priority", ABSPRI (w) >= 0 && ABSPRI (w) < NUMPRI));
+
+  if (w->pending)
+    assert (("libev: pending watcher not on pending queue", pendings [ABSPRI (w)][w->pending - 1].w == w));
+}
+
+static void noinline ecb_cold
+verify_heap (EV_P_ ANHE *heap, int N)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  for (i = HEAP0; i < N + HEAP0; ++i)
+    {
+      assert (("libev: active index mismatch in heap", ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [i])) == i));
+      assert (("libev: heap condition violated", i == HEAP0 || ANHE_at (heap [HPARENT (i)]) <= ANHE_at (heap [i])));
+      assert (("libev: heap at cache mismatch", ANHE_at (heap [i]) == ev_at (ANHE_w (heap [i]))));
+
+      verify_watcher (EV_A_ (W)ANHE_w (heap [i]));
+    }
+}
+
+static void noinline ecb_cold
+array_verify (EV_P_ W *ws, int cnt)
+{
+  while (cnt--)
+    {
+      assert (("libev: active index mismatch", ev_active (ws [cnt]) == cnt + 1));
+      verify_watcher (EV_A_ ws [cnt]);
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_FEATURE_API
+void ecb_cold
+ev_verify (EV_P) EV_THROW
+{
+#if EV_VERIFY
+  int i;
+  WL w, w2;
+
+  assert (activecnt >= -1);
+
+  assert (fdchangemax >= fdchangecnt);
+  for (i = 0; i < fdchangecnt; ++i)
+    assert (("libev: negative fd in fdchanges", fdchanges [i] >= 0));
+
+  assert (anfdmax >= 0);
+  for (i = 0; i < anfdmax; ++i)
+    {
+      int j = 0;
+
+      for (w = w2 = anfds [i].head; w; w = w->next)
+        {
+          verify_watcher (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+          if (j++ & 1)
+            {
+              assert (("libev: io watcher list contains a loop", w != w2));
+              w2 = w2->next;
+            }
+
+          assert (("libev: inactive fd watcher on anfd list", ev_active (w) == 1));
+          assert (("libev: fd mismatch between watcher and anfd", ((ev_io *)w)->fd == i));
+        }
+    }
+
+  assert (timermax >= timercnt);
+  verify_heap (EV_A_ timers, timercnt);
+
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+  assert (periodicmax >= periodiccnt);
+  verify_heap (EV_A_ periodics, periodiccnt);
+#endif
+
+  for (i = NUMPRI; i--; )
+    {
+      assert (pendingmax [i] >= pendingcnt [i]);
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+      assert (idleall >= 0);
+      assert (idlemax [i] >= idlecnt [i]);
+      array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)idles [i], idlecnt [i]);
+#endif
+    }
+
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+  assert (forkmax >= forkcnt);
+  array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)forks, forkcnt);
+#endif
+
+#if EV_CLEANUP_ENABLE
+  assert (cleanupmax >= cleanupcnt);
+  array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)cleanups, cleanupcnt);
+#endif
+
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+  assert (asyncmax >= asynccnt);
+  array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)asyncs, asynccnt);
+#endif
+
+#if EV_PREPARE_ENABLE
+  assert (preparemax >= preparecnt);
+  array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)prepares, preparecnt);
+#endif
+
+#if EV_CHECK_ENABLE
+  assert (checkmax >= checkcnt);
+  array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)checks, checkcnt);
+#endif
+
+# if 0
+#if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
+  for (w = (ev_child *)childs [chain & ((EV_PID_HASHSIZE) - 1)]; w; w = (ev_child *)((WL)w)->next)
+  for (signum = EV_NSIG; signum--; ) if (signals [signum].pending)
+#endif
+# endif
+#endif
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+struct ev_loop * ecb_cold
+#else
+int
+#endif
+ev_default_loop (unsigned int flags) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (!ev_default_loop_ptr)
+    {
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+      EV_P = ev_default_loop_ptr = &default_loop_struct;
+#else
+      ev_default_loop_ptr = 1;
+#endif
+
+      loop_init (EV_A_ flags);
+
+      if (ev_backend (EV_A))
+        {
+#if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
+          ev_signal_init (&childev, childcb, SIGCHLD);
+          ev_set_priority (&childev, EV_MAXPRI);
+          ev_signal_start (EV_A_ &childev);
+          ev_unref (EV_A); /* child watcher should not keep loop alive */
+#endif
+        }
+      else
+        ev_default_loop_ptr = 0;
+    }
+
+  return ev_default_loop_ptr;
+}
+
+void
+ev_loop_fork (EV_P) EV_THROW
+{
+  postfork = 1;
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+void
+ev_invoke (EV_P_ void *w, int revents)
+{
+  EV_CB_INVOKE ((W)w, revents);
+}
+
+unsigned int
+ev_pending_count (EV_P) EV_THROW
+{
+  int pri;
+  unsigned int count = 0;
+
+  for (pri = NUMPRI; pri--; )
+    count += pendingcnt [pri];
+
+  return count;
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_invoke_pending (EV_P)
+{
+  pendingpri = NUMPRI;
+
+  while (pendingpri) /* pendingpri possibly gets modified in the inner loop */
+    {
+      --pendingpri;
+
+      while (pendingcnt [pendingpri])
+        {
+          ANPENDING *p = pendings [pendingpri] + --pendingcnt [pendingpri];
+
+          p->w->pending = 0;
+          EV_CB_INVOKE (p->w, p->events);
+          EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+/* make idle watchers pending. this handles the "call-idle */
+/* only when higher priorities are idle" logic */
+inline_size void
+idle_reify (EV_P)
+{
+  if (expect_false (idleall))
+    {
+      int pri;
+
+      for (pri = NUMPRI; pri--; )
+        {
+          if (pendingcnt [pri])
+            break;
+
+          if (idlecnt [pri])
+            {
+              queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)idles [pri], idlecnt [pri], EV_IDLE);
+              break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+/* make timers pending */
+inline_size void
+timers_reify (EV_P)
+{
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  if (timercnt && ANHE_at (timers [HEAP0]) < mn_now)
+    {
+      do
+        {
+          ev_timer *w = (ev_timer *)ANHE_w (timers [HEAP0]);
+
+          /*assert (("libev: inactive timer on timer heap detected", ev_is_active (w)));*/
+
+          /* first reschedule or stop timer */
+          if (w->repeat)
+            {
+              ev_at (w) += w->repeat;
+              if (ev_at (w) < mn_now)
+                ev_at (w) = mn_now;
+
+              assert (("libev: negative ev_timer repeat value found while processing timers", w->repeat > 0.));
+
+              ANHE_at_cache (timers [HEAP0]);
+              downheap (timers, timercnt, HEAP0);
+            }
+          else
+            ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ w); /* nonrepeating: stop timer */
+
+          EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+          feed_reverse (EV_A_ (W)w);
+        }
+      while (timercnt && ANHE_at (timers [HEAP0]) < mn_now);
+
+      feed_reverse_done (EV_A_ EV_TIMER);
+    }
+}
+
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+
+static void noinline
+periodic_recalc (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w)
+{
+  ev_tstamp interval = w->interval > MIN_INTERVAL ? w->interval : MIN_INTERVAL;
+  ev_tstamp at = w->offset + interval * ev_floor ((ev_rt_now - w->offset) / interval);
+
+  /* the above almost always errs on the low side */
+  while (at <= ev_rt_now)
+    {
+      ev_tstamp nat = at + w->interval;
+
+      /* when resolution fails us, we use ev_rt_now */
+      if (expect_false (nat == at))
+        {
+          at = ev_rt_now;
+          break;
+        }
+
+      at = nat;
+    }
+
+  ev_at (w) = at;
+}
+
+/* make periodics pending */
+inline_size void
+periodics_reify (EV_P)
+{
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  while (periodiccnt && ANHE_at (periodics [HEAP0]) < ev_rt_now)
+    {
+      do
+        {
+          ev_periodic *w = (ev_periodic *)ANHE_w (periodics [HEAP0]);
+
+          /*assert (("libev: inactive timer on periodic heap detected", ev_is_active (w)));*/
+
+          /* first reschedule or stop timer */
+          if (w->reschedule_cb)
+            {
+              ev_at (w) = w->reschedule_cb (w, ev_rt_now);
+
+              assert (("libev: ev_periodic reschedule callback returned time in the past", ev_at (w) >= ev_rt_now));
+
+              ANHE_at_cache (periodics [HEAP0]);
+              downheap (periodics, periodiccnt, HEAP0);
+            }
+          else if (w->interval)
+            {
+              periodic_recalc (EV_A_ w);
+              ANHE_at_cache (periodics [HEAP0]);
+              downheap (periodics, periodiccnt, HEAP0);
+            }
+          else
+            ev_periodic_stop (EV_A_ w); /* nonrepeating: stop timer */
+
+          EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+          feed_reverse (EV_A_ (W)w);
+        }
+      while (periodiccnt && ANHE_at (periodics [HEAP0]) < ev_rt_now);
+
+      feed_reverse_done (EV_A_ EV_PERIODIC);
+    }
+}
+
+/* simply recalculate all periodics */
+/* TODO: maybe ensure that at least one event happens when jumping forward? */
+static void noinline ecb_cold
+periodics_reschedule (EV_P)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  /* adjust periodics after time jump */
+  for (i = HEAP0; i < periodiccnt + HEAP0; ++i)
+    {
+      ev_periodic *w = (ev_periodic *)ANHE_w (periodics [i]);
+
+      if (w->reschedule_cb)
+        ev_at (w) = w->reschedule_cb (w, ev_rt_now);
+      else if (w->interval)
+        periodic_recalc (EV_A_ w);
+
+      ANHE_at_cache (periodics [i]);
+    }
+
+  reheap (periodics, periodiccnt);
+}
+#endif
+
+/* adjust all timers by a given offset */
+static void noinline ecb_cold
+timers_reschedule (EV_P_ ev_tstamp adjust)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  for (i = 0; i < timercnt; ++i)
+    {
+      ANHE *he = timers + i + HEAP0;
+      ANHE_w (*he)->at += adjust;
+      ANHE_at_cache (*he);
+    }
+}
+
+/* fetch new monotonic and realtime times from the kernel */
+/* also detect if there was a timejump, and act accordingly */
+inline_speed void
+time_update (EV_P_ ev_tstamp max_block)
+{
+#if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+  if (expect_true (have_monotonic))
+    {
+      int i;
+      ev_tstamp odiff = rtmn_diff;
+
+      mn_now = get_clock ();
+
+      /* only fetch the realtime clock every 0.5*MIN_TIMEJUMP seconds */
+      /* interpolate in the meantime */
+      if (expect_true (mn_now - now_floor < MIN_TIMEJUMP * .5))
+        {
+          ev_rt_now = rtmn_diff + mn_now;
+          return;
+        }
+
+      now_floor = mn_now;
+      ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
+
+      /* loop a few times, before making important decisions.
+       * on the choice of "4": one iteration isn't enough,
+       * in case we get preempted during the calls to
+       * ev_time and get_clock. a second call is almost guaranteed
+       * to succeed in that case, though. and looping a few more times
+       * doesn't hurt either as we only do this on time-jumps or
+       * in the unlikely event of having been preempted here.
+       */
+      for (i = 4; --i; )
+        {
+          ev_tstamp diff;
+          rtmn_diff = ev_rt_now - mn_now;
+
+          diff = odiff - rtmn_diff;
+
+          if (expect_true ((diff < 0. ? -diff : diff) < MIN_TIMEJUMP))
+            return; /* all is well */
+
+          ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
+          mn_now    = get_clock ();
+          now_floor = mn_now;
+        }
+
+      /* no timer adjustment, as the monotonic clock doesn't jump */
+      /* timers_reschedule (EV_A_ rtmn_diff - odiff) */
+# if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+      periodics_reschedule (EV_A);
+# endif
+    }
+  else
+#endif
+    {
+      ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
+
+      if (expect_false (mn_now > ev_rt_now || ev_rt_now > mn_now + max_block + MIN_TIMEJUMP))
+        {
+          /* adjust timers. this is easy, as the offset is the same for all of them */
+          timers_reschedule (EV_A_ ev_rt_now - mn_now);
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+          periodics_reschedule (EV_A);
+#endif
+        }
+
+      mn_now = ev_rt_now;
+    }
+}
+
+int
+ev_run (EV_P_ int flags)
+{
+#if EV_FEATURE_API
+  ++loop_depth;
+#endif
+
+  assert (("libev: ev_loop recursion during release detected", loop_done != EVBREAK_RECURSE));
+
+  loop_done = EVBREAK_CANCEL;
+
+  EV_INVOKE_PENDING; /* in case we recurse, ensure ordering stays nice and clean */
+
+  do
+    {
+#if EV_VERIFY >= 2
+      ev_verify (EV_A);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+      if (expect_false (curpid)) /* penalise the forking check even more */
+        if (expect_false (getpid () != curpid))
+          {
+            curpid = getpid ();
+            postfork = 1;
+          }
+#endif
+
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+      /* we might have forked, so queue fork handlers */
+      if (expect_false (postfork))
+        if (forkcnt)
+          {
+            queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)forks, forkcnt, EV_FORK);
+            EV_INVOKE_PENDING;
+          }
+#endif
+
+#if EV_PREPARE_ENABLE
+      /* queue prepare watchers (and execute them) */
+      if (expect_false (preparecnt))
+        {
+          queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)prepares, preparecnt, EV_PREPARE);
+          EV_INVOKE_PENDING;
+        }
+#endif
+
+      if (expect_false (loop_done))
+        break;
+
+      /* we might have forked, so reify kernel state if necessary */
+      if (expect_false (postfork))
+        loop_fork (EV_A);
+
+      /* update fd-related kernel structures */
+      fd_reify (EV_A);
+
+      /* calculate blocking time */
+      {
+        ev_tstamp waittime  = 0.;
+        ev_tstamp sleeptime = 0.;
+
+        /* remember old timestamp for io_blocktime calculation */
+        ev_tstamp prev_mn_now = mn_now;
+
+        /* update time to cancel out callback processing overhead */
+        time_update (EV_A_ 1e100);
+
+        /* from now on, we want a pipe-wake-up */
+        pipe_write_wanted = 1;
+
+        ECB_MEMORY_FENCE; /* make sure pipe_write_wanted is visible before we check for potential skips */
+
+        if (expect_true (!(flags & EVRUN_NOWAIT || idleall || !activecnt || pipe_write_skipped)))
+          {
+            waittime = MAX_BLOCKTIME;
+
+            if (timercnt)
+              {
+                ev_tstamp to = ANHE_at (timers [HEAP0]) - mn_now;
+                if (waittime > to) waittime = to;
+              }
+
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+            if (periodiccnt)
+              {
+                ev_tstamp to = ANHE_at (periodics [HEAP0]) - ev_rt_now;
+                if (waittime > to) waittime = to;
+              }
+#endif
+
+            /* don't let timeouts decrease the waittime below timeout_blocktime */
+            if (expect_false (waittime < timeout_blocktime))
+              waittime = timeout_blocktime;
+
+            /* at this point, we NEED to wait, so we have to ensure */
+            /* to pass a minimum nonzero value to the backend */
+            if (expect_false (waittime < backend_mintime))
+              waittime = backend_mintime;
+
+            /* extra check because io_blocktime is commonly 0 */
+            if (expect_false (io_blocktime))
+              {
+                sleeptime = io_blocktime - (mn_now - prev_mn_now);
+
+                if (sleeptime > waittime - backend_mintime)
+                  sleeptime = waittime - backend_mintime;
+
+                if (expect_true (sleeptime > 0.))
+                  {
+                    ev_sleep (sleeptime);
+                    waittime -= sleeptime;
+                  }
+              }
+          }
+
+#if EV_FEATURE_API
+        ++loop_count;
+#endif
+        assert ((loop_done = EVBREAK_RECURSE, 1)); /* assert for side effect */
+        backend_poll (EV_A_ waittime);
+        assert ((loop_done = EVBREAK_CANCEL, 1)); /* assert for side effect */
+
+        pipe_write_wanted = 0; /* just an optimisation, no fence needed */
+
+        ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE;
+        if (pipe_write_skipped)
+          {
+            assert (("libev: pipe_w not active, but pipe not written", ev_is_active (&pipe_w)));
+            ev_feed_event (EV_A_ &pipe_w, EV_CUSTOM);
+          }
+
+
+        /* update ev_rt_now, do magic */
+        time_update (EV_A_ waittime + sleeptime);
+      }
+
+      /* queue pending timers and reschedule them */
+      timers_reify (EV_A); /* relative timers called last */
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+      periodics_reify (EV_A); /* absolute timers called first */
+#endif
+
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+      /* queue idle watchers unless other events are pending */
+      idle_reify (EV_A);
+#endif
+
+#if EV_CHECK_ENABLE
+      /* queue check watchers, to be executed first */
+      if (expect_false (checkcnt))
+        queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)checks, checkcnt, EV_CHECK);
+#endif
+
+      EV_INVOKE_PENDING;
+    }
+  while (expect_true (
+    activecnt
+    && !loop_done
+    && !(flags & (EVRUN_ONCE | EVRUN_NOWAIT))
+  ));
+
+  if (loop_done == EVBREAK_ONE)
+    loop_done = EVBREAK_CANCEL;
+
+#if EV_FEATURE_API
+  --loop_depth;
+#endif
+
+  return activecnt;
+}
+
+void
+ev_break (EV_P_ int how) EV_THROW
+{
+  loop_done = how;
+}
+
+void
+ev_ref (EV_P) EV_THROW
+{
+  ++activecnt;
+}
+
+void
+ev_unref (EV_P) EV_THROW
+{
+  --activecnt;
+}
+
+void
+ev_now_update (EV_P) EV_THROW
+{
+  time_update (EV_A_ 1e100);
+}
+
+void
+ev_suspend (EV_P) EV_THROW
+{
+  ev_now_update (EV_A);
+}
+
+void
+ev_resume (EV_P) EV_THROW
+{
+  ev_tstamp mn_prev = mn_now;
+
+  ev_now_update (EV_A);
+  timers_reschedule (EV_A_ mn_now - mn_prev);
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+  /* TODO: really do this? */
+  periodics_reschedule (EV_A);
+#endif
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* singly-linked list management, used when the expected list length is short */
+
+inline_size void
+wlist_add (WL *head, WL elem)
+{
+  elem->next = *head;
+  *head = elem;
+}
+
+inline_size void
+wlist_del (WL *head, WL elem)
+{
+  while (*head)
+    {
+      if (expect_true (*head == elem))
+        {
+          *head = elem->next;
+          break;
+        }
+
+      head = &(*head)->next;
+    }
+}
+
+/* internal, faster, version of ev_clear_pending */
+inline_speed void
+clear_pending (EV_P_ W w)
+{
+  if (w->pending)
+    {
+      pendings [ABSPRI (w)][w->pending - 1].w = (W)&pending_w;
+      w->pending = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+int
+ev_clear_pending (EV_P_ void *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  W w_ = (W)w;
+  int pending = w_->pending;
+
+  if (expect_true (pending))
+    {
+      ANPENDING *p = pendings [ABSPRI (w_)] + pending - 1;
+      p->w = (W)&pending_w;
+      w_->pending = 0;
+      return p->events;
+    }
+  else
+    return 0;
+}
+
+inline_size void
+pri_adjust (EV_P_ W w)
+{
+  int pri = ev_priority (w);
+  pri = pri < EV_MINPRI ? EV_MINPRI : pri;
+  pri = pri > EV_MAXPRI ? EV_MAXPRI : pri;
+  ev_set_priority (w, pri);
+}
+
+inline_speed void
+ev_start (EV_P_ W w, int active)
+{
+  pri_adjust (EV_A_ w);
+  w->active = active;
+  ev_ref (EV_A);
+}
+
+inline_size void
+ev_stop (EV_P_ W w)
+{
+  ev_unref (EV_A);
+  w->active = 0;
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+void noinline
+ev_io_start (EV_P_ ev_io *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  int fd = w->fd;
+
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  assert (("libev: ev_io_start called with negative fd", fd >= 0));
+  assert (("libev: ev_io_start called with illegal event mask", !(w->events & ~(EV__IOFDSET | EV_READ | EV_WRITE))));
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
+  array_needsize (ANFD, anfds, anfdmax, fd + 1, array_init_zero);
+  wlist_add (&anfds[fd].head, (WL)w);
+
+  /* common bug, apparently */
+  assert (("libev: ev_io_start called with corrupted watcher", ((WL)w)->next != (WL)w));
+
+  fd_change (EV_A_ fd, w->events & EV__IOFDSET | EV_ANFD_REIFY);
+  w->events &= ~EV__IOFDSET;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_io_stop (EV_P_ ev_io *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  assert (("libev: ev_io_stop called with illegal fd (must stay constant after start!)", w->fd >= 0 && w->fd < anfdmax));
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  wlist_del (&anfds[w->fd].head, (WL)w);
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  fd_change (EV_A_ w->fd, EV_ANFD_REIFY);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_timer_start (EV_P_ ev_timer *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  ev_at (w) += mn_now;
+
+  assert (("libev: ev_timer_start called with negative timer repeat value", w->repeat >= 0.));
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ++timercnt;
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, timercnt + HEAP0 - 1);
+  array_needsize (ANHE, timers, timermax, ev_active (w) + 1, EMPTY2);
+  ANHE_w (timers [ev_active (w)]) = (WT)w;
+  ANHE_at_cache (timers [ev_active (w)]);
+  upheap (timers, ev_active (w));
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  /*assert (("libev: internal timer heap corruption", timers [ev_active (w)] == (WT)w));*/
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_timer_stop (EV_P_ ev_timer *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ev_active (w);
+
+    assert (("libev: internal timer heap corruption", ANHE_w (timers [active]) == (WT)w));
+
+    --timercnt;
+
+    if (expect_true (active < timercnt + HEAP0))
+      {
+        timers [active] = timers [timercnt + HEAP0];
+        adjustheap (timers, timercnt, active);
+      }
+  }
+
+  ev_at (w) -= mn_now;
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_timer_again (EV_P_ ev_timer *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  if (ev_is_active (w))
+    {
+      if (w->repeat)
+        {
+          ev_at (w) = mn_now + w->repeat;
+          ANHE_at_cache (timers [ev_active (w)]);
+          adjustheap (timers, timercnt, ev_active (w));
+        }
+      else
+        ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ w);
+    }
+  else if (w->repeat)
+    {
+      ev_at (w) = w->repeat;
+      ev_timer_start (EV_A_ w);
+    }
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+ev_tstamp
+ev_timer_remaining (EV_P_ ev_timer *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  return ev_at (w) - (ev_is_active (w) ? mn_now : 0.);
+}
+
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+void noinline
+ev_periodic_start (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  if (w->reschedule_cb)
+    ev_at (w) = w->reschedule_cb (w, ev_rt_now);
+  else if (w->interval)
+    {
+      assert (("libev: ev_periodic_start called with negative interval value", w->interval >= 0.));
+      periodic_recalc (EV_A_ w);
+    }
+  else
+    ev_at (w) = w->offset;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ++periodiccnt;
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, periodiccnt + HEAP0 - 1);
+  array_needsize (ANHE, periodics, periodicmax, ev_active (w) + 1, EMPTY2);
+  ANHE_w (periodics [ev_active (w)]) = (WT)w;
+  ANHE_at_cache (periodics [ev_active (w)]);
+  upheap (periodics, ev_active (w));
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  /*assert (("libev: internal periodic heap corruption", ANHE_w (periodics [ev_active (w)]) == (WT)w));*/
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_periodic_stop (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ev_active (w);
+
+    assert (("libev: internal periodic heap corruption", ANHE_w (periodics [active]) == (WT)w));
+
+    --periodiccnt;
+
+    if (expect_true (active < periodiccnt + HEAP0))
+      {
+        periodics [active] = periodics [periodiccnt + HEAP0];
+        adjustheap (periodics, periodiccnt, active);
+      }
+  }
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_periodic_again (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  /* TODO: use adjustheap and recalculation */
+  ev_periodic_stop (EV_A_ w);
+  ev_periodic_start (EV_A_ w);
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SA_RESTART
+# define SA_RESTART 0
+#endif
+
+#if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE
+
+void noinline
+ev_signal_start (EV_P_ ev_signal *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  assert (("libev: ev_signal_start called with illegal signal number", w->signum > 0 && w->signum < EV_NSIG));
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  assert (("libev: a signal must not be attached to two different loops",
+           !signals [w->signum - 1].loop || signals [w->signum - 1].loop == loop));
+
+  signals [w->signum - 1].loop = EV_A;
+  ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE;
+#endif
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+#if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
+  if (sigfd == -2)
+    {
+      sigfd = signalfd (-1, &sigfd_set, SFD_NONBLOCK | SFD_CLOEXEC);
+      if (sigfd < 0 && errno == EINVAL)
+        sigfd = signalfd (-1, &sigfd_set, 0); /* retry without flags */
+
+      if (sigfd >= 0)
+        {
+          fd_intern (sigfd); /* doing it twice will not hurt */
+
+          sigemptyset (&sigfd_set);
+
+          ev_io_init (&sigfd_w, sigfdcb, sigfd, EV_READ);
+          ev_set_priority (&sigfd_w, EV_MAXPRI);
+          ev_io_start (EV_A_ &sigfd_w);
+          ev_unref (EV_A); /* signalfd watcher should not keep loop alive */
+        }
+    }
+
+  if (sigfd >= 0)
+    {
+      /* TODO: check .head */
+      sigaddset (&sigfd_set, w->signum);
+      sigprocmask (SIG_BLOCK, &sigfd_set, 0);
+
+      signalfd (sigfd, &sigfd_set, 0);
+    }
+#endif
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
+  wlist_add (&signals [w->signum - 1].head, (WL)w);
+
+  if (!((WL)w)->next)
+# if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
+    if (sigfd < 0) /*TODO*/
+# endif
+      {
+# ifdef _WIN32
+        evpipe_init (EV_A);
+
+        signal (w->signum, ev_sighandler);
+# else
+        struct sigaction sa;
+
+        evpipe_init (EV_A);
+
+        sa.sa_handler = ev_sighandler;
+        sigfillset (&sa.sa_mask);
+        sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART; /* if restarting works we save one iteration */
+        sigaction (w->signum, &sa, 0);
+
+        if (origflags & EVFLAG_NOSIGMASK)
+          {
+            sigemptyset (&sa.sa_mask);
+            sigaddset (&sa.sa_mask, w->signum);
+            sigprocmask (SIG_UNBLOCK, &sa.sa_mask, 0);
+          }
+#endif
+      }
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_signal_stop (EV_P_ ev_signal *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  wlist_del (&signals [w->signum - 1].head, (WL)w);
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  if (!signals [w->signum - 1].head)
+    {
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+      signals [w->signum - 1].loop = 0; /* unattach from signal */
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
+      if (sigfd >= 0)
+        {
+          sigset_t ss;
+
+          sigemptyset (&ss);
+          sigaddset (&ss, w->signum);
+          sigdelset (&sigfd_set, w->signum);
+
+          signalfd (sigfd, &sigfd_set, 0);
+          sigprocmask (SIG_UNBLOCK, &ss, 0);
+        }
+      else
+#endif
+        signal (w->signum, SIG_DFL);
+    }
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
+
+void
+ev_child_start (EV_P_ ev_child *w) EV_THROW
+{
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  assert (("libev: child watchers are only supported in the default loop", loop == ev_default_loop_ptr));
+#endif
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
+  wlist_add (&childs [w->pid & ((EV_PID_HASHSIZE) - 1)], (WL)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_child_stop (EV_P_ ev_child *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  wlist_del (&childs [w->pid & ((EV_PID_HASHSIZE) - 1)], (WL)w);
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#if EV_STAT_ENABLE
+
+# ifdef _WIN32
+#  undef lstat
+#  define lstat(a,b) _stati64 (a,b)
+# endif
+
+#define DEF_STAT_INTERVAL  5.0074891
+#define NFS_STAT_INTERVAL 30.1074891 /* for filesystems potentially failing inotify */
+#define MIN_STAT_INTERVAL  0.1074891
+
+static void noinline stat_timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w_, int revents);
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+
+/* the * 2 is to allow for alignment padding, which for some reason is >> 8 */
+# define EV_INOTIFY_BUFSIZE (sizeof (struct inotify_event) * 2 + NAME_MAX)
+
+static void noinline
+infy_add (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
+{
+  w->wd = inotify_add_watch (fs_fd, w->path,
+                             IN_ATTRIB | IN_DELETE_SELF | IN_MOVE_SELF | IN_MODIFY
+                             | IN_CREATE | IN_DELETE | IN_MOVED_FROM | IN_MOVED_TO
+                             | IN_DONT_FOLLOW | IN_MASK_ADD);
+
+  if (w->wd >= 0)
+    {
+      struct statfs sfs;
+
+      /* now local changes will be tracked by inotify, but remote changes won't */
+      /* unless the filesystem is known to be local, we therefore still poll */
+      /* also do poll on <2.6.25, but with normal frequency */
+
+      if (!fs_2625)
+        w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL;
+      else if (!statfs (w->path, &sfs)
+               && (sfs.f_type == 0x1373 /* devfs */
+                   || sfs.f_type == 0x4006 /* fat */
+                   || sfs.f_type == 0x4d44 /* msdos */
+                   || sfs.f_type == 0xEF53 /* ext2/3 */
+                   || sfs.f_type == 0x72b6 /* jffs2 */
+                   || sfs.f_type == 0x858458f6 /* ramfs */
+                   || sfs.f_type == 0x5346544e /* ntfs */
+                   || sfs.f_type == 0x3153464a /* jfs */
+                   || sfs.f_type == 0x9123683e /* btrfs */
+                   || sfs.f_type == 0x52654973 /* reiser3 */
+                   || sfs.f_type == 0x01021994 /* tmpfs */
+                   || sfs.f_type == 0x58465342 /* xfs */))
+        w->timer.repeat = 0.; /* filesystem is local, kernel new enough */
+      else
+        w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : NFS_STAT_INTERVAL; /* remote, use reduced frequency */
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      /* can't use inotify, continue to stat */
+      w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL;
+
+      /* if path is not there, monitor some parent directory for speedup hints */
+      /* note that exceeding the hardcoded path limit is not a correctness issue, */
+      /* but an efficiency issue only */
+      if ((errno == ENOENT || errno == EACCES) && strlen (w->path) < 4096)
+        {
+          char path [4096];
+          strcpy (path, w->path);
+
+          do
+            {
+              int mask = IN_MASK_ADD | IN_DELETE_SELF | IN_MOVE_SELF
+                       | (errno == EACCES ? IN_ATTRIB : IN_CREATE | IN_MOVED_TO);
+
+              char *pend = strrchr (path, '/');
+
+              if (!pend || pend == path)
+                break;
+
+              *pend = 0;
+              w->wd = inotify_add_watch (fs_fd, path, mask);
+            }
+          while (w->wd < 0 && (errno == ENOENT || errno == EACCES));
+        }
+    }
+
+  if (w->wd >= 0)
+    wlist_add (&fs_hash [w->wd & ((EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE) - 1)].head, (WL)w);
+
+  /* now re-arm timer, if required */
+  if (ev_is_active (&w->timer)) ev_ref (EV_A);
+  ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer);
+  if (ev_is_active (&w->timer)) ev_unref (EV_A);
+}
+
+static void noinline
+infy_del (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
+{
+  int slot;
+  int wd = w->wd;
+
+  if (wd < 0)
+    return;
+
+  w->wd = -2;
+  slot = wd & ((EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE) - 1);
+  wlist_del (&fs_hash [slot].head, (WL)w);
+
+  /* remove this watcher, if others are watching it, they will rearm */
+  inotify_rm_watch (fs_fd, wd);
+}
+
+static void noinline
+infy_wd (EV_P_ int slot, int wd, struct inotify_event *ev)
+{
+  if (slot < 0)
+    /* overflow, need to check for all hash slots */
+    for (slot = 0; slot < (EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE); ++slot)
+      infy_wd (EV_A_ slot, wd, ev);
+  else
+    {
+      WL w_;
+
+      for (w_ = fs_hash [slot & ((EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE) - 1)].head; w_; )
+        {
+          ev_stat *w = (ev_stat *)w_;
+          w_ = w_->next; /* lets us remove this watcher and all before it */
+
+          if (w->wd == wd || wd == -1)
+            {
+              if (ev->mask & (IN_IGNORED | IN_UNMOUNT | IN_DELETE_SELF))
+                {
+                  wlist_del (&fs_hash [slot & ((EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE) - 1)].head, (WL)w);
+                  w->wd = -1;
+                  infy_add (EV_A_ w); /* re-add, no matter what */
+                }
+
+              stat_timer_cb (EV_A_ &w->timer, 0);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+infy_cb (EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents)
+{
+  char buf [EV_INOTIFY_BUFSIZE];
+  int ofs;
+  int len = read (fs_fd, buf, sizeof (buf));
+
+  for (ofs = 0; ofs < len; )
+    {
+      struct inotify_event *ev = (struct inotify_event *)(buf + ofs);
+      infy_wd (EV_A_ ev->wd, ev->wd, ev);
+      ofs += sizeof (struct inotify_event) + ev->len;
+    }
+}
+
+inline_size void ecb_cold
+ev_check_2625 (EV_P)
+{
+  /* kernels < 2.6.25 are borked
+   * http://www.ussg.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0711.3/1208.html
+   */
+  if (ev_linux_version () < 0x020619)
+    return;
+
+  fs_2625 = 1;
+}
+
+inline_size int
+infy_newfd (void)
+{
+#if defined IN_CLOEXEC && defined IN_NONBLOCK
+  int fd = inotify_init1 (IN_CLOEXEC | IN_NONBLOCK);
+  if (fd >= 0)
+    return fd;
+#endif
+  return inotify_init ();
+}
+
+inline_size void
+infy_init (EV_P)
+{
+  if (fs_fd != -2)
+    return;
+
+  fs_fd = -1;
+
+  ev_check_2625 (EV_A);
+
+  fs_fd = infy_newfd ();
+
+  if (fs_fd >= 0)
+    {
+      fd_intern (fs_fd);
+      ev_io_init (&fs_w, infy_cb, fs_fd, EV_READ);
+      ev_set_priority (&fs_w, EV_MAXPRI);
+      ev_io_start (EV_A_ &fs_w);
+      ev_unref (EV_A);
+    }
+}
+
+inline_size void
+infy_fork (EV_P)
+{
+  int slot;
+
+  if (fs_fd < 0)
+    return;
+
+  ev_ref (EV_A);
+  ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &fs_w);
+  close (fs_fd);
+  fs_fd = infy_newfd ();
+
+  if (fs_fd >= 0)
+    {
+      fd_intern (fs_fd);
+      ev_io_set (&fs_w, fs_fd, EV_READ);
+      ev_io_start (EV_A_ &fs_w);
+      ev_unref (EV_A);
+    }
+
+  for (slot = 0; slot < (EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE); ++slot)
+    {
+      WL w_ = fs_hash [slot].head;
+      fs_hash [slot].head = 0;
+
+      while (w_)
+        {
+          ev_stat *w = (ev_stat *)w_;
+          w_ = w_->next; /* lets us add this watcher */
+
+          w->wd = -1;
+
+          if (fs_fd >= 0)
+            infy_add (EV_A_ w); /* re-add, no matter what */
+          else
+            {
+              w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL;
+              if (ev_is_active (&w->timer)) ev_ref (EV_A);
+              ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer);
+              if (ev_is_active (&w->timer)) ev_unref (EV_A);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+# define EV_LSTAT(p,b) _stati64 (p, b)
+#else
+# define EV_LSTAT(p,b) lstat (p, b)
+#endif
+
+void
+ev_stat_stat (EV_P_ ev_stat *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (lstat (w->path, &w->attr) < 0)
+    w->attr.st_nlink = 0;
+  else if (!w->attr.st_nlink)
+    w->attr.st_nlink = 1;
+}
+
+static void noinline
+stat_timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w_, int revents)
+{
+  ev_stat *w = (ev_stat *)(((char *)w_) - offsetof (ev_stat, timer));
+
+  ev_statdata prev = w->attr;
+  ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ w);
+
+  /* memcmp doesn't work on netbsd, they.... do stuff to their struct stat */
+  if (
+    prev.st_dev      != w->attr.st_dev
+    || prev.st_ino   != w->attr.st_ino
+    || prev.st_mode  != w->attr.st_mode
+    || prev.st_nlink != w->attr.st_nlink
+    || prev.st_uid   != w->attr.st_uid
+    || prev.st_gid   != w->attr.st_gid
+    || prev.st_rdev  != w->attr.st_rdev
+    || prev.st_size  != w->attr.st_size
+    || prev.st_atime != w->attr.st_atime
+    || prev.st_mtime != w->attr.st_mtime
+    || prev.st_ctime != w->attr.st_ctime
+  ) {
+      /* we only update w->prev on actual differences */
+      /* in case we test more often than invoke the callback, */
+      /* to ensure that prev is always different to attr */
+      w->prev = prev;
+
+      #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+        if (fs_fd >= 0)
+          {
+            infy_del (EV_A_ w);
+            infy_add (EV_A_ w);
+            ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ w); /* avoid race... */
+          }
+      #endif
+
+      ev_feed_event (EV_A_ w, EV_STAT);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+ev_stat_start (EV_P_ ev_stat *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ w);
+
+  if (w->interval < MIN_STAT_INTERVAL && w->interval)
+    w->interval = MIN_STAT_INTERVAL;
+
+  ev_timer_init (&w->timer, stat_timer_cb, 0., w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL);
+  ev_set_priority (&w->timer, ev_priority (w));
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+  infy_init (EV_A);
+
+  if (fs_fd >= 0)
+    infy_add (EV_A_ w);
+  else
+#endif
+    {
+      ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer);
+      ev_unref (EV_A);
+    }
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_stat_stop (EV_P_ ev_stat *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+  infy_del (EV_A_ w);
+#endif
+
+  if (ev_is_active (&w->timer))
+    {
+      ev_ref (EV_A);
+      ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ &w->timer);
+    }
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+void
+ev_idle_start (EV_P_ ev_idle *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  pri_adjust (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ++idlecnt [ABSPRI (w)];
+
+    ++idleall;
+    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, active);
+
+    array_needsize (ev_idle *, idles [ABSPRI (w)], idlemax [ABSPRI (w)], active, EMPTY2);
+    idles [ABSPRI (w)][active - 1] = w;
+  }
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_idle_stop (EV_P_ ev_idle *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ev_active (w);
+
+    idles [ABSPRI (w)][active - 1] = idles [ABSPRI (w)][--idlecnt [ABSPRI (w)]];
+    ev_active (idles [ABSPRI (w)][active - 1]) = active;
+
+    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+    --idleall;
+  }
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_PREPARE_ENABLE
+void
+ev_prepare_start (EV_P_ ev_prepare *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++preparecnt);
+  array_needsize (ev_prepare *, prepares, preparemax, preparecnt, EMPTY2);
+  prepares [preparecnt - 1] = w;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_prepare_stop (EV_P_ ev_prepare *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ev_active (w);
+
+    prepares [active - 1] = prepares [--preparecnt];
+    ev_active (prepares [active - 1]) = active;
+  }
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_CHECK_ENABLE
+void
+ev_check_start (EV_P_ ev_check *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++checkcnt);
+  array_needsize (ev_check *, checks, checkmax, checkcnt, EMPTY2);
+  checks [checkcnt - 1] = w;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_check_stop (EV_P_ ev_check *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ev_active (w);
+
+    checks [active - 1] = checks [--checkcnt];
+    ev_active (checks [active - 1]) = active;
+  }
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_EMBED_ENABLE
+void noinline
+ev_embed_sweep (EV_P_ ev_embed *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  ev_run (w->other, EVRUN_NOWAIT);
+}
+
+static void
+embed_io_cb (EV_P_ ev_io *io, int revents)
+{
+  ev_embed *w = (ev_embed *)(((char *)io) - offsetof (ev_embed, io));
+
+  if (ev_cb (w))
+    ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_EMBED);
+  else
+    ev_run (w->other, EVRUN_NOWAIT);
+}
+
+static void
+embed_prepare_cb (EV_P_ ev_prepare *prepare, int revents)
+{
+  ev_embed *w = (ev_embed *)(((char *)prepare) - offsetof (ev_embed, prepare));
+
+  {
+    EV_P = w->other;
+
+    while (fdchangecnt)
+      {
+        fd_reify (EV_A);
+        ev_run (EV_A_ EVRUN_NOWAIT);
+      }
+  }
+}
+
+static void
+embed_fork_cb (EV_P_ ev_fork *fork_w, int revents)
+{
+  ev_embed *w = (ev_embed *)(((char *)fork_w) - offsetof (ev_embed, fork));
+
+  ev_embed_stop (EV_A_ w);
+
+  {
+    EV_P = w->other;
+
+    ev_loop_fork (EV_A);
+    ev_run (EV_A_ EVRUN_NOWAIT);
+  }
+
+  ev_embed_start (EV_A_ w);
+}
+
+#if 0
+static void
+embed_idle_cb (EV_P_ ev_idle *idle, int revents)
+{
+  ev_idle_stop (EV_A_ idle);
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+ev_embed_start (EV_P_ ev_embed *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  {
+    EV_P = w->other;
+    assert (("libev: loop to be embedded is not embeddable", backend & ev_embeddable_backends ()));
+    ev_io_init (&w->io, embed_io_cb, backend_fd, EV_READ);
+  }
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_set_priority (&w->io, ev_priority (w));
+  ev_io_start (EV_A_ &w->io);
+
+  ev_prepare_init (&w->prepare, embed_prepare_cb);
+  ev_set_priority (&w->prepare, EV_MINPRI);
+  ev_prepare_start (EV_A_ &w->prepare);
+
+  ev_fork_init (&w->fork, embed_fork_cb);
+  ev_fork_start (EV_A_ &w->fork);
+
+  /*ev_idle_init (&w->idle, e,bed_idle_cb);*/
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_embed_stop (EV_P_ ev_embed *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_io_stop      (EV_A_ &w->io);
+  ev_prepare_stop (EV_A_ &w->prepare);
+  ev_fork_stop    (EV_A_ &w->fork);
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+void
+ev_fork_start (EV_P_ ev_fork *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++forkcnt);
+  array_needsize (ev_fork *, forks, forkmax, forkcnt, EMPTY2);
+  forks [forkcnt - 1] = w;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_fork_stop (EV_P_ ev_fork *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ev_active (w);
+
+    forks [active - 1] = forks [--forkcnt];
+    ev_active (forks [active - 1]) = active;
+  }
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_CLEANUP_ENABLE
+void
+ev_cleanup_start (EV_P_ ev_cleanup *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++cleanupcnt);
+  array_needsize (ev_cleanup *, cleanups, cleanupmax, cleanupcnt, EMPTY2);
+  cleanups [cleanupcnt - 1] = w;
+
+  /* cleanup watchers should never keep a refcount on the loop */
+  ev_unref (EV_A);
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_cleanup_stop (EV_P_ ev_cleanup *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+  ev_ref (EV_A);
+
+  {
+    int active = ev_active (w);
+
+    cleanups [active - 1] = cleanups [--cleanupcnt];
+    ev_active (cleanups [active - 1]) = active;
+  }
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+void
+ev_async_start (EV_P_ ev_async *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  w->sent = 0;
+
+  evpipe_init (EV_A);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++asynccnt);
+  array_needsize (ev_async *, asyncs, asyncmax, asynccnt, EMPTY2);
+  asyncs [asynccnt - 1] = w;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_async_stop (EV_P_ ev_async *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ev_active (w);
+
+    asyncs [active - 1] = asyncs [--asynccnt];
+    ev_active (asyncs [active - 1]) = active;
+  }
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_async_send (EV_P_ ev_async *w) EV_THROW
+{
+  w->sent = 1;
+  evpipe_write (EV_A_ &async_pending);
+}
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+struct ev_once
+{
+  ev_io io;
+  ev_timer to;
+  void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg);
+  void *arg;
+};
+
+static void
+once_cb (EV_P_ struct ev_once *once, int revents)
+{
+  void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg) = once->cb;
+  void *arg = once->arg;
+
+  ev_io_stop    (EV_A_ &once->io);
+  ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ &once->to);
+  ev_free (once);
+
+  cb (revents, arg);
+}
+
+static void
+once_cb_io (EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents)
+{
+  struct ev_once *once = (struct ev_once *)(((char *)w) - offsetof (struct ev_once, io));
+
+  once_cb (EV_A_ once, revents | ev_clear_pending (EV_A_ &once->to));
+}
+
+static void
+once_cb_to (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+{
+  struct ev_once *once = (struct ev_once *)(((char *)w) - offsetof (struct ev_once, to));
+
+  once_cb (EV_A_ once, revents | ev_clear_pending (EV_A_ &once->io));
+}
+
+void
+ev_once (EV_P_ int fd, int events, ev_tstamp timeout, void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg), void *arg) EV_THROW
+{
+  struct ev_once *once = (struct ev_once *)ev_malloc (sizeof (struct ev_once));
+
+  if (expect_false (!once))
+    {
+      cb (EV_ERROR | EV_READ | EV_WRITE | EV_TIMER, arg);
+      return;
+    }
+
+  once->cb  = cb;
+  once->arg = arg;
+
+  ev_init (&once->io, once_cb_io);
+  if (fd >= 0)
+    {
+      ev_io_set (&once->io, fd, events);
+      ev_io_start (EV_A_ &once->io);
+    }
+
+  ev_init (&once->to, once_cb_to);
+  if (timeout >= 0.)
+    {
+      ev_timer_set (&once->to, timeout, 0.);
+      ev_timer_start (EV_A_ &once->to);
+    }
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#if EV_WALK_ENABLE
+void ecb_cold
+ev_walk (EV_P_ int types, void (*cb)(EV_P_ int type, void *w)) EV_THROW
+{
+  int i, j;
+  ev_watcher_list *wl, *wn;
+
+  if (types & (EV_IO | EV_EMBED))
+    for (i = 0; i < anfdmax; ++i)
+      for (wl = anfds [i].head; wl; )
+        {
+          wn = wl->next;
+
+#if EV_EMBED_ENABLE
+          if (ev_cb ((ev_io *)wl) == embed_io_cb)
+            {
+              if (types & EV_EMBED)
+                cb (EV_A_ EV_EMBED, ((char *)wl) - offsetof (struct ev_embed, io));
+            }
+          else
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+          if (ev_cb ((ev_io *)wl) == infy_cb)
+            ;
+          else
+#endif
+          if ((ev_io *)wl != &pipe_w)
+            if (types & EV_IO)
+              cb (EV_A_ EV_IO, wl);
+
+          wl = wn;
+        }
+
+  if (types & (EV_TIMER | EV_STAT))
+    for (i = timercnt + HEAP0; i-- > HEAP0; )
+#if EV_STAT_ENABLE
+      /*TODO: timer is not always active*/
+      if (ev_cb ((ev_timer *)ANHE_w (timers [i])) == stat_timer_cb)
+        {
+          if (types & EV_STAT)
+            cb (EV_A_ EV_STAT, ((char *)ANHE_w (timers [i])) - offsetof (struct ev_stat, timer));
+        }
+      else
+#endif
+      if (types & EV_TIMER)
+        cb (EV_A_ EV_TIMER, ANHE_w (timers [i]));
+
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+  if (types & EV_PERIODIC)
+    for (i = periodiccnt + HEAP0; i-- > HEAP0; )
+      cb (EV_A_ EV_PERIODIC, ANHE_w (periodics [i]));
+#endif
+
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+  if (types & EV_IDLE)
+    for (j = NUMPRI; j--; )
+      for (i = idlecnt [j]; i--; )
+        cb (EV_A_ EV_IDLE, idles [j][i]);
+#endif
+
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+  if (types & EV_FORK)
+    for (i = forkcnt; i--; )
+      if (ev_cb (forks [i]) != embed_fork_cb)
+        cb (EV_A_ EV_FORK, forks [i]);
+#endif
+
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+  if (types & EV_ASYNC)
+    for (i = asynccnt; i--; )
+      cb (EV_A_ EV_ASYNC, asyncs [i]);
+#endif
+
+#if EV_PREPARE_ENABLE
+  if (types & EV_PREPARE)
+    for (i = preparecnt; i--; )
+# if EV_EMBED_ENABLE
+      if (ev_cb (prepares [i]) != embed_prepare_cb)
+# endif
+        cb (EV_A_ EV_PREPARE, prepares [i]);
+#endif
+
+#if EV_CHECK_ENABLE
+  if (types & EV_CHECK)
+    for (i = checkcnt; i--; )
+      cb (EV_A_ EV_CHECK, checks [i]);
+#endif
+
+#if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE
+  if (types & EV_SIGNAL)
+    for (i = 0; i < EV_NSIG - 1; ++i)
+      for (wl = signals [i].head; wl; )
+        {
+          wn = wl->next;
+          cb (EV_A_ EV_SIGNAL, wl);
+          wl = wn;
+        }
+#endif
+
+#if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
+  if (types & EV_CHILD)
+    for (i = (EV_PID_HASHSIZE); i--; )
+      for (wl = childs [i]; wl; )
+        {
+          wn = wl->next;
+          cb (EV_A_ EV_CHILD, wl);
+          wl = wn;
+        }
+#endif
+/* EV_STAT     0x00001000 /* stat data changed */
+/* EV_EMBED    0x00010000 /* embedded event loop needs sweep */
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  #include "ev_wrap.h"
+#endif
+